so much dexterity diligence and vigour as that they had reason to confess that the change of the Pilot and the entire obedience which is rendered to an absolute Captain who hath the sole power in his hands are but ill signs that the Vessel should be therefore the worse guided and conducted And to give you a proof of the truth the Hollanders having at that time a vast number of Merchant-men in their Harbours ready to set Sail durst not hazard them through the Channel although they had a Fleet of ninety Men of War to conduct them But conducted them by North of Scotland to reach the Sound where they met with another great Fleet of their Merchant-men some coming from Russia some from the East-Indies and others from France all which they carryed home into Holland after which hearing that the English Fleet was steered Northward instead of seeking them out and to take the advantage of the English divisions as they had pretended and bragged they amuzed themselves in making several bravadoes in such places where there was neither honour glory nor benefit to be acquired at length they steered towards the Downs where they carried away two or three despicable Barks and sent some volleys of Cannon into Dover their Hearts and their Sails being equally puffed up with these imaginary successes which savouring something of their old Masters Jack Spaniards Rodomontado's they thought they could not better express them then at that time saying That the English Fleet was to be cryed out by the sound of Trumpets and Horns as if she had been lost But the Winde being as unconstant as the Sea it self and as dangerous quickly tacked about to their confusion and the Old Proverb That all the evil comes from the North was made good to their cost and charges For the English Fleet returning on a suddain from the Northward on the twenty eighth of May came into Yarmouth-Road and on the first of June next ensuing being at an Anchor they discovered two Dutch Galliots to which they gave chase till they came up to the body of the Dutch Fleet. But the weather proving over-covered and dusky they could not joyn with them On the third the English being at Anchor near unto the South-point of the Gober descryed the Enemy about two Leagues to Leeward of them being about one hundred Sail of Ships wherefore without loss of time the English weighed and made up to them The engagement began between eleven and twelve at noon and for some hours the fight was sharp untill about six in the evening the enemy bare right way before the winde and so ended that dayes fight On the next morning both Fleets came in sight of each other but there was so little winde stirring that they could not engage each other till twelve at noon when as they fell to it again for good and all and after four hours fight which proved very disadvantagious to the Hollanders they thought it not fitting to contest any longer but to get away as well as they could However a fresh westerly gale arising very opportunely the English being encouraged by their flight bare in so hard amongst them that they took eleven Men of War and two water Hoyes in which fight one thousand five hundred prisoners were taken and six Captains besides which six Holland Men of War were sunk and all the rest of the Dutch Fleet had according to all probability been cut off had not the night happily closed in for them But the darkness growing on and the English finding themselves near the Flats and necessitated to stay and mend their Sails and Rigging which were much shattered and torne about ten at night they came to an Anchor The greatest loss the English sustained was of General Dean one of their Admirals who was taken off by a great shot in the first dayes ingagement and whose death did sufficiently recompence all the Enemies loss he having been a person of reputed Valour and great experience besides which there was one Captain slain and about one hundred and fifty men and two hundred and forty hurt but not one of the English Ships were lost That which greatly encouraged the English and disheartned the Dutch was the arival of General Blake to their aid and succour with sixteen good Men of War very opportunely Now the Dutch by the favour of the night being gotten off and having retired themselves into the Weilings the 〈…〉 and the Texel the English called a Councel of all the Officers to advise on what would be most expedient to be undertaken to improve this Victorie to the best advantage and it was resolved to advance with the whole Fleet as fast as they could to the Weilings as far as they could possibly approach with safety by reason of the Flats and Shelves and in this wise forrage the whole Dutch Coasts till they came to Texel which being accordingly performed and being arrived at the said height they there remained a pretty while taking every day some prizes more or less to the great prejudice of the Dutch whose Ships could neither get in or out of any of their Ports as long as the English continued there Nor could their Men of War unite and come to a head to make a body to come forth Wherefore leaving them to take breath and to recollect their spirits again and so to think of the best means for their Deliverance we will return for England again with our Fleet and see how squares stands there General Cromwel who alwayes made use of more moderation then power in the Rise of his Fortune being unwilling to deprive England of her ancient Liberties and Priviledges resolved together with the chief Officers of his Army to assemble a Parliament To invest them with the power of administring and exercising the Laws and to appoint them as it were Judges of his Councel and Government And the Warrants requisite thereunto were issued out unto such persons as through England Scotland and Ireland were chosen by himself and his Councel to assist in the said Parliament for them to meet in the Councel-Room at White-Hall on the fourth day of the moneth of July in the year of our Lord. 1653. A forme of which said Warrant you have as followeth viz. For asmuch as upon the dissolution of the late Parliament it became necessary that the Peace Safety and good Government of this Commonwealth should be provided for and in Order thereunto diverse persons fearing God and of approved sidelity and honesty are by my self with the advice of my Councel of Officers nominated to whom the great charge and trust of so weighty Affairs is to be Committed And having good assurance of the love to and courage for God and the interest of his Cause and the good people of this Commonwealth I Oliver Cromwel Captain General and Commander in chief of all the Army and Forces raised and to be raised within this Commonwealth do hereby Summon and
reflect on the loss he had sustained and how requisite it was for Princes and great Potentates to retain near their Persons Men of Knowledge Worth and Fidelity and calling to minde the action and discourse of Williams conceiving that it could not proceed but from a great soul endowed with extraordinary vertues and such a one as might be useful and serviceable to him he sent for him up to Court and commanding him to take the name of Cromwel upon himself unto whom he had testified so much Fidelity and Gratitude he invested him with all the Offices and Charges the late Lord Thomas Cromwel enjoyed near his person and re-instated him again in all his Goods and Lands which had been confiscated so that the Lord Williams assisted in the Kings Councel as his Father in Law the Lord Thomas Cromwel before had done From this Noble Lord Williams alias Cromwel and the Illustrious Daughter of the renowned Lord Thomas Cromwel his late Highness and our present Lord Protector are lineally descended in whom the Almighty hath raised up and ripened those generous vertues of their predecessors and hath elevated and spread their branches as high as their deep roots had taken profound and vigorous Foundations So that to compleat our parallel we may observe by the fruits of this Illustrious Stock from whence his late Highness is descended whether they retained their accustomed Generosity and Clemency which we will not go about to prove by the Military Acts in which they have outvied their Predecessors nor by their Politick and prudent Government of the State in which they have at least equalized them but by their private and domestick actions since the resemblance of Children to their Parents may be more observed by the Features of the Face then by the course of their lives which are subject to vary either by the inconstancy of Fortune or the Communication of other men To come therefore to his late Highness the Lord Protector and signalize his gratitude we shall instance in the person of one Duret a French attendant of his Highness during his General-ship who served him with so much Fidelity and Zeal as that he intrusted him with the managing and conduct of the greatest part of his domestick Affairs alwayes retaining him nigh his person bearing so great an affection towards him and reposing so entire a confidence in him as during his late Highness's great sickness which he had in Scotland and whereof it was thought he would have dyed he would not be served by any one nor receive any nourishment or any thing else that was administred unto him save from the hands of Duret who both day and night continued to watch by his Master tending him with a special care and assiduity not giving himself a Moments rest untill his late Highness had recovered his perfect health which long and continual watches of Duret and the pains he had taken in the administring unto his Master plunged him into a sad fit of sickness during which this faithful servant received all the acknowledgements which his good and zealous services had demerited his late Highness applying all the possible cures he could not onely by his commands but by his personal visits so oft as his urgent Affairs would permit him to comfort Duret and to see all things applyed that might conduce to his recovery but Durets hour being come he was content to lay down his life in his Masters service and the Physicians having quite given him over his late Highness would needs render him his last good offices by comforting him at his death by his sensibleness of his good services and the extream zeal and affection he had born to his person which although he could not requite unto him yet his Highness assured him he would manifest his acknowledgements thereof unto his Parents and Kindred Whereunto Duret replyed That the honour he had received in having served so good and great a Master and the glory he reaped in having laid down his life for the preservation of his Highness and of so good and glorious a Cause was extream satisfactory unto him in his death That he had a Mother and a Sister with some Kindred in France who were unworthy his Highness thoughts or reflecting on them however that he remitted them to his Highness gracious consideration And so Duret his good and faithful servant breathed his last In which contract of grief and resolution of acknowledgement his late Highness may be said to have harboured the same thoughts as Henry the Eighth did perswading himself that he had been the Author of Durets death though in a far innocenter way However his late Highness retained all the resentments and sensibleness of the acknowledgements and gratitude expressed by his generous predecessor the Lord Thomas Cromwel towards his dear Friend Frescobald For his late Highness immediately sent over For Durets Mother Sister and two Nephews out of France and would have the whole Family of the Durets to come and establish themselves here in England that he might the better manifest his Love and Gratitude in their persons towards his deceased faithful servant And whereas by reason of the continuance of the Scotch Wars his late Highness was at that time as it were confined to the North he wrote unto her Highness the now Lady Protectoress Dowager his wife that she should receive and use Durets Mother Sister and Allies accordingly as she praised the good offices of his deceased faithful servant to whose cares pains and watchings he owed the preservation of his own life and that she should proportion that kindnes which during his absence she should show unto them unto the love which she bore unto him insomuch that Durets Mother was by her Highness admitted into her own Family and seated at her own Table his Sister was placed in the rank and quality of a Maid of Honour to her Highness and his two Nephews were admitted to be her Highnesses Pages whereby the Almighty Crowned Durets good and faithful services towards his Master and his piety and observance towards his Mother and Sister whose onely support he was in his life time with the rich Flowers of Prosperity and with the Fruits of Fortune advancing them as fast as the sad destiny did his precipitated death And no sooner was his late Highness returned into England after the conquest of Scotland and the glorious Victory he had obtained at Worcester full freighted with the resplendency of his noble atchievements but he desired to see Durets Mother Sister and Nephews enquiring how they had been received and treated and whether they were well pleased to be in England and as soon as they appeared in his presence he could not retain his generous tears for the loss of Duret nor could he cease to testifie his inward grief for him comforting the good old Gentlewoman Mrs. Duret by the mouth of his Children who spake French telling her She had not lost her son although dead
Besides we may also look upon them as so many seeds sowen to beget those warres which thereon ensued and which were by the late Protector rather by most glorious Treaties whereunto he was sought or by most signal Victories which were obtain'd and brought to a happy period by which the blood of these two Agents so cruelly murdered were retaliated with use But to go on to our History the Treaty of Breda being absolutely concluded and notwithstanding the great Antipathy and animosity between the Royallists and the Presbyterians all their jealousies and grudges were seemingly reconcised so that the Scotch wanted nothing to compleat their design but to enjoy their Kings preserce who immediately coming to the Hague went thence for Schevelinge and embarqued himself for Scotland notwithstanding the dangers and perils of the Sea which were very great and the English Ships which had way-laid him to surprize him As soon as he was landed in Scotland the first thing they propounded unto their King was to take the solemn Oath called the Covenant that burning Torch which the Mother of Paris did see in her frenzies that fatal fire which the Scotch believe descended from Heaven and by which they at their pleasures kindle those warres wherewith they infest England which Covenant as we know was only a superstitious and warlike Prorestation made in the presence of God and Men To maintain the purity of the Religion to preserve the priviledges of Parliament and the people and to re-establish the King in his Ancestors Throne But that which seemed somewhat harsh and rude to this Prince was the terms wherein they caused him to take this Oath quite contrary to Physitians who dip their Pills in Syrrops or Sugar to make them down the glibber yet these Politicians when the whole lay at the stake it seems troubled themselves not much with the wording of the thing for amongst real friends indeed there needs not many complements nor much complacence to be used Therefore the Churches of Scotland made their King swallow this restorative in the following Beverage constraining him to protest That he renounced the sinnes of his Fathers and his own house the Idolatry of his Mothers and that he would adhere unto Gods cause in conformity to the Covenant in the firm establishment of the Church Government as it was expressed in the Directory for that publick worship which is to be rendred to God contained in the Belief and Catechism And this Cup he was forced to drink that he might obtain his Fathers Kingdome which formalities were more then requisite for to establish that Prince in the opinion of the prevailing party which was only then in a condition to help him Howbeit the English knew very well to distinguish between these Artificial fictions and the truth for the Parliament of England being duely informed of the Scots their designs and practises thought it was high time to think of the best means to oppose them and after several consultations upon this businesse it was resolved that the Lord Fairfax should command the Army in chief and with all speed march toward the North of England But he most humbly thanked the Parliament and like unto a second Cincinatus retired himself from the Dictatorship to a Countrey-life excusing himself for not serving them in that Expedition upon his Indisposition at that time The Renown of General Cromwells feats of Arms both as Governour and Conqueror of Ireland admitted of no lesse Proposals then to make him Generalissimo of the Common-wealths Armies in the Lord Fairfax his stead So that he came over again into England whilest his hands were as yet warm and was sent to give a check unto other Enemies in another Climate and under another disguise after he had settled and assured all the Conquests of Ireland and had left the necessary and requisite Orders conducing to a solid peace and establishment of those parts with his sonne-in-Law Henry Ireton so that he returned thence laden with Palms and Laurels as Trophies of his worthy Acts in those parts And scarce was he returned home but he was enforced to march towards those parts whither the glory of Conquering a second Kingdome called upon him Now the Scots who by no means would make any outward shew of the grand designs which they were hatching at the approach of the English Army on their Frontiers seemed to be very much astonished and the whole Countrey took the Allarum moreover the better to colour this their astonishment and seeming surprizal they deputed a Messenger to Sir Arthur Haslerigge as then Governour of Newcastle upon the Borders of England and Scotland to know the reason of that so suddain March of the English Army towards their Frontiers whereunto they joyned several Manifesto's setting forth the Contents of the Leagues and ample Treaties of union between the two Nations and several other particulars which served only to gain time and to make the better preparations to receive their Enemies At the same time of the English Armies advance towards the North the Parliament set forth a Manifest accompanyed by another from the General and chief Officers of the Army whereby both the one and the others declared viz. That the reasons which moved them to this great undertaking was neither the support which they expected from the Arm of flesh nor the consideration or vanity of former successes not the desire they had to compasse any of their own designs But the true assurance they had that their cause was just before God reflecting on the foregoing Revolutions and the successe which had followed them not as the handy-work of Politick men or of Humane force but as the most eminent works of Providence and the power of God thereby to make his good will appear and to shew his pleasure concerning those things which he had decreed in this world That they were obliged not to betray the cause wherein God had so evidently manifested himself after which there was nothing more dear unto them then the preservation of those who feared the Lord and who might greatly suffer either by being mistaken or by not being capable to discern the true tye of a Generall Calamity of which their Christian charity they hoped they had given sufficient proofs at the last time when they were in Scotland with this very Army of which God was pleased to make use for to break in pieces the power of those who oppressed the faithfull in those parts But that the acknowledgements of so signal a favour did but little appear in the Engagement which they had lately made with their new King and that they had not proceeded like unto good Christians in publishing that their Army was but an Army of Sectaries However that they doubted not but that God would give them the grace to forgive them that calumny and to that effect they beseeched him to be so good unto them as to separate the Chaffe from the good Corn concluding in like manner as they
and are sensible of the favourable effects which have since been produced However the universal joy which was so evidently to be seen in all their countenances did not hinder but that it was thought fitting for the better satisfaction of the generality and of all men in particular to publish the causes the grounds and reasons of the dissolving of the Parliament which was accordingly ordered by the General and by his Councel consisting of the chief Officers of the Army and was manifested accordingly in a Declaration whereof the following are the chief Heads That after God was pleased marvellously to appear for his people in reducing Ireland and Scotland to so great a degree of peace and England to perfect quiet whereby the Parliament had opportunity to give the people the harvest of all their Labour Blood and Treasure and to settle a due liberty in reference to Civil and Spiritual things whereunto they were obliged by their duty engagements and those great and wonderful things God had wrought for them But they made so little progress that it was matter of much grief to the good people of the Land who thereupon applied themselves to the Army expecting redress by their means who though unwilling to meddle with the Civil Authority agreed that such Officers as were members of Parliament should move them to proceed vigorously in reforming what was amiss in the Common-wealth and in settling it upon a Foundation of Justice and Righteousness which being done it was hoped the Parliament would have answered their expectations But finding the contrary they renewed their desires by an humble Petition in August 1652. which produced no considerable effect nor was any such progress made therein as might imploy their real intentions to accomplish what was petitioned for but rather in aversness to the things themselves with much bitterness and aversion to the people of God and his Spirit acting in them insomuch that the Godly party in the Army were rendred of no other use then to countenance the ends of a corrupt party for effecting their desires in perpetuating themselves in the supreme Government For the obviating of these evils the Officers of the Army obtained several meetings with some of the Parliament to consider what remedy might be applied to prevent the same but such endeavours proving ineffectual it became evident that the Parliament through the corruption of some the jealousie of others and the non-attendance of many would never answer those ends which God his People and the whole Nation expected from them But that this Cause which God had so greatly blessed must need languish under their hands and by degrees be lost and the Lives Liberties and Comforts of his people be delivered into their Enemies hands all which being sadly and seriously considered by the honest people of the Nation as well as by the Army it seemed a duty incumbent upon us who had seen so much of the power and presence of God to consider of some 〈◊〉 means whereby to establish Righteousness and Peace in these Nations And after much debate it was judged necessary That the supreme Government should be by the Parliament devolved upon known persons fearing God and of approved integrity for a time as the most hopeful way to countenance all Gods people reforme the Law and administer Justice impartially hoping thereby the people might forget Monarchy and understand their true interest in the election of successive Parliaments that so the Goverment might be settled upon a Right Basis without hazard to this glorious Cause or necessitating to keep up Armies for the defence of the same And being still resolved to use all means possible to avoid extraordinary courses we prevailed with about twenty Members of Parliament to give us a Conference with whom we plainly debated the necessity and justness of our proposals the which found no acceptance but instead thereof it was offered that the way was to continue still this Parliament as being that from which we probably might expect all good things This being vehemently insisted on did much confirme us in our apprehensions that any love to a Representative but the making use thereof to recrute and so to perpetuate themselves was their aim in the Act they had then under consideration For preventing the consumating whereof and all the sad and evil consequences which upon the grounds aforesaid must have ensued and whereby at one blow the interest of all honest men and of this glorious cause had been endangered to be laid in the dust and these Nations embroiled in new troubles at a time when our Enemies abroad are watching all advantages against and some of them actually engaged in War with us we have been necessitated though with much repugnancy to put an end to this Parliament This Declaration and these proceedings of his late Highness then General and of his Councel of Officers of the Army were backed by the consent of the Generals at Sea and by all the Captains of the Fleet and in like manner by all the other Generals and Officers of the Land forces both in Scotland Ireland and the other Territories But least the Magistrates and other publick Ministers of Justice and Policy suprized at this suddain change should chance to swerve from their duties or that other persons should thereby take occasion to foment disturbances prejudicial to the Common-wealth this ensuing Declaration was published Whereas the Parliament being dissolved persons of approved fidelity and honesty are according to the late Declaration of the two and twentieth of April last past to be called from the several parts of this Common-wealth to the supreme authority and although effectual proceedings are and have been had for perfecting those resolutions yet some convenient time being required for the assembling of those persons It hath been found necessary for preventing the mischiefs and inconveniencies which may arise in the mean while to the publick Affairs that a Council of State be constituted to take care of and intend the peace safety and present management of the Affairs of this Common-wealth which being settled accordingly the same is hereby declared and published to the end that all persons may take notice thereof and in their several places and stations demean themselves peaceably giving obedience to the Laws of the Nation as heretofore in the exercise and administration whereof as endeavours shall be used That no oppression or wrong be done to the people so a strict accompt will be required of all such as shall do any thing to endanger the publick peace and quiet upon any presence whatsoever Dated April the thirtieth 1653. subscribed Oliver Cromwel These domestick revolutions did in a manner put a new life into the Dutch again who thought that they would cause some eminent distractions and disturbances as well on the Seas as by Land But they were very much deceived for the Maratine Affairs of these Lands on which either the good or bad fortune of England depended were carryed on with
and that the Conflict which they produce in a Soul is capable to turn the edge of the keenest weapons which are opposed to their resistance and to make the fairest champain Field become a parched barren plat of Ground But what need we to seek external Causes in a Death which brought along such violent ones with it a Cardinal of Richelieu who was one of the best Tempers and Constitutions in the world did fall under the burthen of the Anxieties and Agitations of the Mind The scabbard as the Proverb saith being worn out by the sharpness of the blade must of necessity finde a vent And how could it otherwise chuse that a Man who for the space of ten or twelve years together had opposed himself to all the Injuries both of Time and of War should not at length fall under the activeness of a soul which seldom gave him any rest which governed and directed the Reins of three restive Kingdoms unaccustomed to the noble and famous Trappings of a Military Government and who moreover was to direct and guide the Consciences as well as the Bodies of Men and their Reasons as well as their Wills It had not been considerable had the Interest of England onely required that his Cares had been limitted within the Pales which the Sea prescribes to her Precincts But as the cause of the Disease was from abroad and that from the Closets of the Escurial the Spaniards had imployed their false Piety as well as their Peru Gold to discover and molest the repose of England so fire and flame was to be applied without and it was necessary to penetrate into the very secret causes of the evils The People of the Cities of the Continent were to be disabused and the Soldiery were to be overcome in open field The Mines of Mexico were to be looked into and the extent of that Ambition was to be curtailed which boasts it self both to see the Sun set and rise These were vaste imployments indeed of a large activity to run through these undertakings the fervor of them was scorching and although the Heavens did second these lawful Designes with all its Graces yet it could not without a Miracle and without destroying the secondary Causes hinder the separation of a Soul from a Body which it had so often employed and so efficaciously seconded the grand Affairs both of State and War for the Peace Glory and Tranquillity of three Nations Wherefore Nature it self did witness her grief some two or three dayes before by an extraordinary Tempest and violent gust of weather insomuch that it might have been supposed that her self had been ready to dissolve or that the Master-piece of Nature suffered a violent agitation And as the Death of the Sun of Righteousness was foretold by an Eclipse of the Sun which covered the surface of the whole Earth with Darkness In like manner at the death of the People of Englands Hercules both Force and Nature were let loose to shake the very Elements and by the reuniting of their violence like unto those who are ready to give up the Ghost to leave some marks of an extream dissolution all which is so lively set forth by the quaintest Wit of these times as that I shall not inlarge any further upon this observation but shall onely content my self to repeat unto you his Verses who expresseth it more elegantly and copiously then my rough Prose can possibly reach to Upon the late Storm and his Highness death ensuing the same We must resign Heaven his great soul doth claim In Storms as loud as his immortal fame His dying groans his last breath shakes our Isle And Trees uncut fall for his Funeral Pile About his Palace there broad roots were tost Into the Air so Romulus was lost New Rome in such a tempest mist their King And from obeying fell to worshipping On Aetna's top thus Hercules lay dead With ruin ' Oaks and Pines about him spread Those his last fury from the Mountain rent Our dying Hero from the continent Ravish whole Towns and Forts from Spaniards reft As his last Legacy to Brittain left The Ocean which so long our hopes confin'd Could give no limits to his vaster minde Our bounds inlargement was his latest toil Nor hath he left us Prisoners to our Isle Vnder the Tropick is our Language spoke And port of Flanders hath receiv'd our Yoke From Civil Broyls he did us disingage Found nobler objects for our Martial rage And with wise conduct to his Countrey shew'd Their ancient way of conquering abroad Vngrateful then it were no tears allow To him that gave us peace and Empire too Princes that fear'd him grieve concern'd to see No Pitch of glory from the Grave is free Nature her self took notice of his death And sighing swell'd the Sea with such a breath That to remotest shores her billows rould The approaching fate of their Great Ruler told And truly I had need of all Parnassus his art to sweeten and mollifie the bitterness of this death which causeth my pen to fall to the ground and would cast up my Muse into a pittiful swound did not all the rest of the Muses come to her aid and sprinkle her with some of that divine Water which nourisheth her to make her revive again and to restore her to her strength to announce to posterity the time the day and the manner when and how his late Highness our great Oliver breathed his last After his late Highness had therefore been sick about a fortnight of a Disease which at the beginning was but an Ague on a Friday being the third of September 1658. in the Morning he gave all the signs of a dying person and for whom the Physicians had onely Vows and Prayers in reserve However he remained in that manner till about three of the Clock in the afternoon when as his Soul which had alwayes retained the upper hand of his Body preserved her Empire till the last moment he had alwayes his wits about him and his perfect and intire understanding and continued to deliver those Oracles which were necessary to establish after so great a loss the Peace and Tranquility of England and immediately to repair the ruines which so dangerous a dissolution had threatned the State withall and might cause in the mindes of every particular person His greatest and most important care was to name a Protector to be his successor which he did with Reasons so little savouring of his own interests and worldly concernments as that he testified that being not content to have sacrificed himself for the common good by the shortning of his dayes he was willing to consecrate his Children thereunto by the lading of them with the heavy burden of those weighty mysteries which may well be termed a Royal and Gilt Servitude Which succession was so necessary to the Peace and Tranquility of the State that the Common-wealth and the Elective Kingdoms are constrained to imitate it and the successive