Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	good_a	great_a	let_v	3,168	5	4.0636	3	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A66844	The gentlewomans companion; or, A guide to the female sex containing directions of behaviour, in all places, companies, relations, and conditions, from their childhood down to old age: viz. As, children to parents. Scholars to governours. Single to servants. Virgins to suitors. Married to husbands. Huswifes to the house Mistresses to servants. Mothers to children. Widows to the world Prudent to all. With letters and discourses upon all occasions. Whereunto is added, a guide for cook-maids, dairy-maids, chamber-maids, and all others that go to service. The whole being an exact rule for the female sex in general. By Hannah Woolley.	Woolley, Hannah, fl. 1670.; Faithorne, William, 1616-1691, engraver.	1673 (1673)	Wing W3276A; ESTC R204109	139,140	297

and down you will lose your credit It may be a fellow-servant may court you but before you entertain the motion consider how you must live by inconsiderately marrying you may have one joyful meeting and ever after a sorrowful living and have time to repent of your rash matching Instructions for all Nursery-Maids in Noble Families YOu ought to be naturally inclined to love young Children or else you will soon discover your unfitness to manage that charge you must be neat and cleanly about them and careful to keep good hours for them Get their Breakfasts and Suppers in good and convenient time let them not sit too long but walk them often up and down especially those who cannot go well of themselves take heed they get no falls by your carelesness for by such means many the cause at first being unperceivable have afterwards grown irrecoverably lame or crooked wherefore if any such thing should happen conceal it not though you may justly incur a great deal of blame therefore I knew a Gentlewoman absolutely spoil'd by such a concealment her Nurse by negligence let her fall being very young from a Table and by the fall her thigh-bone was dislocated the Nurse fearing the indignation and displeasure of the Childs Parents who were rich and potent conceal'd it a long time under the pretence of some other indisposition endeavouring in the mean time the reducing of the bone to its proper place but by reason of an interposition of a Jelly between the dislocations it could not be done and then when it was too late the Parents were acquainted with the sad condition of their beloved Child and hereupon all means imaginable used for its recovery but all in vain although they had been at some hundreds of pounds charge for the cure She is now as lovely a young Gentlewoman as a ravisht eye can feast upon but it would break the heart of that body the eye belongs unto to see her go her back-side-walking would force a man from her to the Indies and yet her face would attract him to her twice as far But to my purpose be not churlish or dogged to them but merry and pleasant and contrive and invent pretty pastimes agreeable to their age keep their linnen and other things always mended and suffer them not to run too fast to decay Do not shew a partiality in your love to any of them for that dejects the rest Be careful to hear them read if it be imposed upon you and be not too hasty with them have a special care how you behave your self before them neither speaking nor acting misbecomingly lest your bad example prove the subject of their imitation Instructions for all Chamber-maids to Gentlewomen in City and Country FRom you it will be required that you wash and starch very well both Tiffanies Lawns Points and Laces and that you can mend what is amiss in them That you work Needle-work well and all sorts of Plain-work or any other work with the Needle which is used in such Houses That you wash black and white Sarsnets that you dress well and diligently perform what you are commanded by your Mistress be neat in your Habit modest in your Carriage silent when she is angry willing to please quick and neat handed about what you have to do You must know how to make all manner of Spoon-meats to raise Paste to dress Meat well though not often required thereunto both of Fish and Flesh to make Sauces garnish Dishes make all sorts of Pickles to see that every thing be served in well and handsomely to the Table in due time and to wait with a graceful decorum at the Table if need should require Keep your Mistresses Chamber clean and lay up every thing in its due place you ought to be skilful in buying any thing in the Market if you be intrusted therewith these things will be expected from you in those Houses where there is no Head-cook If there be no Butler you must see all things decent and fitting in the Parlour and Dining-room In a word you must divest your Mistress from all the care you can giving to her a just and true account of what moneys you lay out shewing your self thrifty in all your disbursements be careful in overlooking inferior servants that they waste nothing which belongs to your Master and Mistress If you are thus qualified and be of an humble and good disposition your merit will deserve a good Sallary and a great deal of love and respect If you have not these accomplishments endeavour their procuration by sparing some money from superfluous expence and over-gaudy clothes for to see a Maid finely trickt up having a fine show without and not one good qualification within is like a jointed Bartholomew-Baby bought for no other use than to be look'd upon Instructions for Nursery-Maids to Gentlewomen both in London or elsewhere LEt me advise you first to consider the charge you take in hand and not to desire it as too many do because it is an easie kind of life void of labour and pains-taking thinking also that Children are easily pleas'd with any thing I can assure you the contrary for it is a troublesome employment and the charge is of greater weight than such vainly imagine You ought in the first place to be of a gentle and good disposition sober in your Carriage neat in your Apparel not sluggish nor heavy-headed but watchful and careful in the night-season for fear any of the Children should be ill and keep due hours for their up-rising and going to bed Take special care that they eat nothing which may over-charge their Stomacks If you observe their Faces at any time paler than ordinary or complain of pain in their Stomack conclude it is the Worms that troubles them and therefore give them remedies suitable to the distemper do this often whether you see those Symtoms or no the neglect of which hath been the destruction of many hopeful Children Keep them whatever you do sweet and clean and moderately warm teach them some good forms of prayer and to read as they are capable restrain them from drinking too much Wine strong Liquors and eating over-much Fruit. Be loving and chearful with them not humping or beating them as many do contrary to the knowledg and pleasure of their Parents That Mother is very un wife that will give liberty to Servants to strike her Children and that Servant is over-sawcy and ill natur'd who dares do it without her Mistresses privity and consent This is your duty and unless you can and will do this never undertake this charge Instructions for such who desire to be absolute Cook-maids in good and great houses IT is a common thing now-adays for Cook-maids to ask great Wages although they are conscious to themselves of their inability of performing almost any thing which as it is unconscionable so to do so in the end it will prove disgraceful to them I shall therefore tell you

any former service yet adding withall that knowing her goodness and the delight her Ladiship takes in bestowing courtesies on the undeserver she fears not a denial If it be upon an urgent occasion let her endeavour to move her to compassionate her misery exaggerating the greatness thereof infisting that she hath no other way to retrieve her misfortune that if she cannot hereafter find any way a requital yet she shall notwithstanding retain the remembrance of her love or charity fixed in her heart Conclude with a Prayer to God so to increase her relicity here that she may never stand in need of a kindness from any till the Almighty hath fixed on her head a Crown of Glory Of Recommendation IN the recommending of a person you must shew your motives for so doing as first either as she is a Kinswoman or Friend and a person so worthy as deserving all favour that were it not for her goodness and virtue you would not utter a word in her behalf and conclude that what kindness is done her is shewn to your self How elegantly to complain of injuries done THis may be done several ways if you would mildly complain of a friend and yet not break with him or her let your complaint be mixt with praises saying that you are sorry the persons deportment hath not been such as your friendship required however you are so charitable as to believe the offence was not committed willingly but rather through misprision or ill perswasion But let the offence be ever so great do not rail in opprobrious terms though in smart and significant expressions saying that you have connived too long patiently at the injuries done you but finding instead of amendment the person growing worse you would be more sensless than stones if you should not speak referring your self to his own judgment if passion hath not quite extinguisht the eye of reason whether you are not very much wrong'd however upon a just acknowledgment you are willing to forget all and retain him or her still in the estimation of a friend Forms of Address or Visit. IN the first place insinuate your contentment in discoursing with your friend face to face but since you are deprived thereof you are happy still in having the opportunity and conveniency of writing That you desire to hear of her welfare both as to health and other concerns that your desire is earnest to see her and that those days wherein you see her not are years and those years seem ages especially when you receive no Letters from her that if she will continue that correspondence she shall find occasion of finding fault on your side more of importunity than carelesness or neglect and so conclude with a protestation of the continuance of an inviolable friendship Forms of Congratulation THis is done when we desire to rejoice with our friend for some great good that hath befaln him or her either by escaping from some eminent danger or sickness There are several other subjects of this nature which you may treat on as they happen and therefore I cannot prescribe you exact rules only you must testifie the great satisfaction you receive in your friends welfare and that your joy is not particular but all in general have it when good and virtuous persons are advanced and do prosper Of Consolation LEtters of Consolation seem to mitigate any evil or adversity that hath befaln a friend which being various cannot well have one remedy applied to them If the evil be but small alledg they have no such great cause for their sorrowing the subject not deserving it that they ought to have courage for pusillanimity wrongs the reputation or if it be great insist that it will not last long But if the disaster be very great indeed you must then acknowledg how much you are concerned in his or her sufferings and that having so great a share in her misfortune you are fitter to condole than comfort her therein yet however the interest of alliance or friendship oblige you to apply some lenitive That you cannot perswade her from grieving for that would argue inhumanity having sustain'd so great a loss of a Husband a Wife Father Mother c. but hope she or he will not be so heartless as to be carried away in the torrent of a fruitless grief that Reason must be used for Nature is not obliged to alter its course to please him or her particularly and exempt it self for the sake of one from those Laws to which the whole world is subject In short when a misfortune cannot be withstood immoderate grief doth but exasperate it and that being a Christian there ought to be a submission to Gods Will and subscribe with a prayer to the Almighty to give him or her patience to overcome this great affliction Form of thanks for Courtesies received THanks we must apply as well to the nature of the Courtesie as to the quality of him that hath done it You must begin with a commemoration of the Courtesie received acknowledging the receiver not worthy thereof having never done any obliging service or if you have yet this hath made double satisfaction then promise that the remembrance of her love shall be deeply engraven in your heart and that you will always retain a resentment of her kindness This you may write if the kindness be so highly qualified that the person looks for no other satisfaction than acknowledgment only I have given you several forms of Letters let me now shew you the parts of a Letter the common ones are Superscription and Subscription The Superscription of Letters is twofold the one external the other internal the outward Superscription is that when the Letter is folded up and containeth the name title and abode of the person we write unto but above all you must have a care that you give proper titles such as befit the quality of the person The Title of a King is To His most Excellent Majesty To the Queen the same altering the article To all Sons or Brethren of the King of England To His Royal Highness To a Duke To His Grace To a Duchess the same To all Earls Marquesses Viscounts and Barons To the right Honourable To Marchionesses and Countesses by Patent To the right Honourable To all Lords To the right Honourable To Knights To the right Worshipful To all Justices of Peace High Sheriffs Counsellors at Law Esquires either by birth or place c. To the Worshipful The Subscription is placed at the lower end of the Letter and in writing to great Persons you must subscribe thus   My Lord or Madam Your most humble and most obedient Servant or Your most faithful and most obliged Servant S. G. To persons of meaner degree subscribe your self thus   Your Servant or Your Friend and Servant If kindred write one to another the greater may express the relation in the beginning of the Letter but she that is of the meaner quality must be content to specifie

the Goods and Chattels of a Parent that they cannot without a kind of theft give themselves away without the allowance of those that have the right in them and therefore we see under the Law the Maid that had made any Vow was not suffer'd to perform it without the consent of the Patent Numb 30. 5. The right of the Parent was thought of force enough to cancel and make void the obligation even of a vow and therefore surely it ought to be so much considered by us to keep us from making any such whereby that right is infringed A fourth duty is To minister to and assist your Parents in what ever necessities or infirmities God Almighty shall think fit to inflict upon them It may be thy Parent is weak or decay'd in understanding supply his or her wants according to thy ability since in thy infancy thou didst receive the same benefits from them When an infant you had neither strength to support nor understanding to guide your self but was supply'd with both by your indulgent Parents wherefore common gratitude when either of these becomes their case obligeth you to return the same offices back again to them And as for the relieving their Poverty there is the same obligation with the former it being but just to sustain those who had maintain'd thee How then shall those answer it who will not part with or circumscribe their own excesses and superfluities for the relief of such to whom they owe their being and well-being and worse it will be with those who out of pride deny their Parents being themselves exalted fearing lest the lowness of their condition should betray the meanness of their birth Lastly that I may conclude this Discourse assure your self That no unkindness fault or poverty of a Parent can excuse or acquit a child from this duty Although the gratitude due to a kind Parent be a forcible motive to make the child pay his duty yet though our Parent were ever so unnatural yet still we are to perform our duty though none of that tye of gratitude lie on us Take this for all Honour and obey thy natural Parents in what condition soever for if they cannot give thee riches yet thy Heavenly Father hath promised thee length of days Of a young Gentlewomans deportment to her Governess and Servants in the Family IF your Parents have committed you to the care and tuition of a Governess in the house with you think with your self that this person whom I must now call my Governess is one whom my Father and Mother have elected and entertain'd for my education to lessen their own trouble but not their tender care of me Therefore if I obey her not in all things requisite I transgress the commands of my loving Parents and displease God in abusing their kindness Next consider within your self that this person who is constituted the guide of my actions is such a one as they are confident either in their own judgments or those who have recommended her to be fit in all points to perform this charge committed to her therefore in obedience to them I must and will obey her and follow those good examples and precepts she shall lay down for my better information If she seem somewhat harsh reserv'd and abridgeth your freedom yet let not your green years be too forward in condemning her nor let not the ill counsel of inferior servants perswade you against her lest by so doing you betray your want of reason and good nature and detract from your Parents worthy care for you If you have just cause of complaint yet speak not maliciously against her but truly and opportunely impart your grief by this means she will be either removed from you or regulated by their commands Be sure therefore that your complaints be just lest you should have one in her stead who may more justly deserve your censure and so make your self unhappy by your Parents fears of having a child that is refractory Besides think thus with your self that too often complaining makes dull and careless the Auditor and instead of extracting compassion it creates a jealousie of an ill disposition If your Governess be a Woman in years honour her the more if young you may promise your self more freedom with her yet if I may advise I would not have a person too young to have such a charge for they will have sufficient to do to govern themselves therefore the more unfit to govern others besides youth will be the more easily induced to submit rather to their Elders than their Equals What I now declare is the fruit of experience having had too great a charge in this nature when I was very young and do know how defective I was then in my duty since I became a Mother of Children having now more tenderness to youth and can speak it knowingly that a mild moderate way is to be preferred before rigor and harshness and that correction of words is better than that of blows Give me leave Gentlewomen to wish you a good Governess not such a one as I have been but as I could or would be now I can now with a greater sense look back upon my faults than I could discern them when first committed Thus much to your Governess Now to your Maid who is to dress you Be not peevish or froward to her but sweetly accept her endeavours and gently admonish her of her neglects or errors if she be good natur'd and willing to please this carriage will oblige and command a constant diligence from her otherwise you will cause her to serve you only for her own ends and with an eye-service and whilst you are making a wry face in the Glass she will make another behind your back Be courteous to all the Servants belonging to your Parents but not over-familiar with any of them lest they grow rude and sawcy with you and indeed too much familiarity is not good with any for contempt is commonly the product thereof If you can do any Servant good in any thing either in mitigating your Parents anger towards them or presenting their humble petition for them be not slack in so doing for by this means you will purchase to your self both love and honour If any poor body sue to you to beg in their names that which is not unfit for them to ask do not deny them and God will not deny you your requests Do good to all and turn not your face away from the indigent but let your charity extend to their relief and succour Be courteous to all people inferior to your quality but in such a way that they may know you understand your self and this will be a sweet kind of commanding reverence from them and will give you the character of a good and humble spirit assure your self it is better to be good than great Majesty mixt with modesty and humility forcibly commands the service of all but pride and imperiousness though in

yet she fears her Shepherd should not spy her Whatever you do be not induced to marry one you have either abhorrency or loathing to for it is neither affluence of estate potency of friends nor highness of descent can allay the insufferable grief of a loathed bed Wherefore Gentlewomen to the intent you may shew your selves discreetest in that which requires your discreetion most discuss with your selves the parity of love and the quality of your Lover ever reflecting on those best endowments which render him worthy or unworthy of your greatest estimation A discreet eye will not be taken only with a proportionable body or smooth countenance it is not the rind but the mind that is her Loadstone Justina a Roman Maid no less nobly descended than notably accomplished exclaimed much against her too rigid fate in being married to one more rich than wise And good reason had she being untimely made by his groundless jealousie a sad tragick spectacle of misery For the whiteness of her neck was an object which begot in him a slender argument of suspect which he seconded with rash revenge Let deliberation then be the Scale wherein you may weigh love with an equal poize There are many high consequent-circumstances which a discreet Woman will not only discourse but discuss before she enter into that hazzardous though honourable state of Marriage Disparity in descent fortunes friends do often beget a distraction in the mind Disparity of years breeds dislike obscurity of descent begets contempt and inequality of fortunes discontent If you marry one very young bear with his youth till riper experience bring him to a better understanding Let your usage be more easie than to wean him from what he affects by extremity Youth will have his swing time will reclaim and discretion will bring him home at last So conform your self to him as to confirm your love in him and undoubtedly this conjugal duty mixt with affability will compleatly conquer the moroseness of his temper If he be old let his age beget in you the greater reverence his words shall be as so many aged and time improved precepts to inform you his actions as so many directions to guide you his kind rebukes as so many friendly admonitions to reclaim you his Bed you must so honour as not to let an unchast thought defile it his Counsel so keep as not to trust it in any others breast be a staff in his age to support him and an hand upon all occasions to help him If he be rich this shall not or must not make you proud but let your desire be that you both employ it to the best advantage Communicate to the Needy that your Wealth may make you truly happy That is a miserable Wealth which starves the Owner I have heard of one worth scores of thousands of pounds who bought billets not for fewel but luggage not to burn them and so warm himself but to carry them on a frosty morning up stairs and down and so heat himself by that labouring exercise Wherefore let me perswade you to enjoy your own and so shun baseness reserve a provident care for your own and so avoid profuseness Is your Husband fallen to poverty let his poor condition make you rich there is certainly no want where there wants no content It is a common saying That as Poverty goes in at one door Love goes out at the other and love without harbour falls into a cold and aguish distemper let this never direct your thoughts let your affection counterpoize all afflictions No adversity should divide you from him if your vowed faith hath individually tyed you to him Thus if you expostulate your Christian constant resolves shall make you fortunate If your fancy be on grounded deliberation it will promise you such good success as your Marriage-days shall never fear the bitter encounter of untimely repentance nor the cureless anguish of an afflicted conscience Now as I would have you Gentlewomen to be slow in entertaining so be most constant in retaining Lovers or Favourites are not to be worn like Favers now near your bosom or about your wrist and presently out of all request Which to prevent entertain none so near your heart whom you observe to harbour in his breast something that may deserve your hate Carefully avoid the acquaintance of Strangers and neither affect variety nor glory in the multiplicity of your Suitors For there is no greater argument of mutability add leightness Constant you cannot be where you profess if change you do affect Have a care vows deliberately advised and religiously grounded are not to be slighted or dispensed with Before any such things are made sift him if you can find any bran in him task him before you tye your self to take him And when your desires are drawn to this period become so taken with the love of your Choice as to interpret all his actions in the best sense this will make one Soul rule two hearts and one heart dwell in two bodies Before you arrive to this honourable condition all wanton fancy you must lay aside for it will never promise you good success since the effect cannot be good where the object is evil Wanton love hath a thousand devices to purchase a minutes penitential pleasure Her eye looks and by that the sense of her mind is averted her ear hears and by it the intention of the heart is perverted her smell breathes and by it her good thoughts are hindred her mouth speaks and by it others are deceived by touch her heat of desire upon every small occasion is stirred never did Orlando rage more for his Angelica than these Utopian Lovers for their imaginary shadows These exorbitancies we must endeavour to remedy and that therein we may use the method of art we must first remove the cause and the effect will follow Let me then discover the incendiaries of this disorderly passion next the effects arising from them and lastly their cure or remedy The original grounds of this wanton fancy or wandring phrenzie are included in these two lines Sloth Words Books Eyes Consorts and luscious fare The lures of lust and stains of honour are For the first sententious Seneca saith He had rather be exposed to the utmost extremities Fortune can inflict on him than subject himself to Slotb and Sensuality For it is this only which maketh of Men Women of Women Beasts and of Beasts Monsters Secondly Words corrupt the Disposition they set an edg or gloss on depraved liberty making that member offend most when it should be imployed in profiting most Thirdly Books treating of leight Subjects are Nurseries of wantonness remove them timely from you if they ever had entertainment by you lest like the Snake in the Fable they annoy you Fourthly Eyes are those windows by which death enters Eve looked on the fruit before she coveted coveting she tasted and tasting she perished place them then on those objects whose real beauty make take them

the duty of a Wife to her Husband MArriage is an holy and inviolable bond if the choice on both sides be good and well ordered there is nothing in the world that is more beautiful more comfortable It is a sweet society full of trust and loyalty It is a fellowship not of hot distempered love but endeared affection for these two are as different as the inflamed fit of an high Feaver from the natural heat of a sound and healthy body Love in the first acceptation is a distemper and no wonder then that Marriages succeed so ill which have their original from such disordered amorous desires This boiling affection is seldom worth any thing There are these two Essentials in Marriage Superiority and Inferiority Undoubtedly the Husband hath power over the Wife and the Wife ought to be subject to the Husband in all thing Although the Wife be more noble in her extraction and more wealthy in portion yet being once married is inferior to her Husband in condition Man of human-kind was Gods first workmanship Woman was made after Man and of the same substance to be subservient and assisting to him Though the power of an Husband in this Kingdom extends it self farther than it is commonly exercised yet something more moderate than in forreign parts Amongst the Romans the Husband had power to kill the Wife in four cases Adultery suborning of Children counterfeiting false Keys and drunkenness It is customary among the Indians but I do not therefore approve of it as lawful that when the Husband dies the death of the Wife immediately follows This is not only practised by the publick Laws of the Country but often times with such ardent affection that the Wives for they allow Polygamy will contend one amongst the other who shall first sleep with their departed Husband Though this custom I cannot only reject as unreasonable but cruel and horrible so I cannot but applaud those Wives as they are in duty bound who affectionately and patiently content themselves to accompany their Husbands in all conditions in adversity as well as prosperity Many Examples hereof we may find at home as well as abroad though in these late depraved and corrupted times there are not so many as may justly be desired Lentulus being exiled by a Decree of the Roman Senate into Sicily his loving Wife Sulpitia sold all and followed him thither Ipsicrates followed her vanquished Husband and King Mithridates throughout all extremities notwithstanding she was advantagiously perswaded to the contrary Theagena Wife to Agathocles shew'd admirable constancy in her Husbands greatest misery shewing her self most his own when he was relinquisht and forsaken of his own closing her resolution with this noble conclusion She had not only betaken her self to be his companion in prosperity but in all fortunes which should befall him Conform your selves to this mirror and it will reform in you many a dangerous error Thus if you live thus if you love honour cannot chuse but accompany you living much comfort attend you loving and a virtuous memory embalm you dying The more particular duties of a Wife to an Husband are first to have a greater esteem for him than for any other person and withal to have a setled apprehension that he is wife and prudent That Woman that will entertain mean and low thoughts of her Husband will be easily induced to love another whom she ought not to affect On this good esteem depends a great part of the Wives obedience who will be apt to run into extravagancies when she is once possessed of the weakness of her Husbands understanding She is to give honour respect and reverence to her Husband so have the wisest ever done and those which do it not betray their indiscretion with reverence she is to express her obedience in all lawful things and apply and accommodate her self as much as in her lies to his humour and disposition You must be mindful of what you promised your Husband in Marriage and the best demonstration thereof will be in your carriage honour and obey and love no mans company better than his Be quiet pleasant and peaceable with him and be not angry when he is so but endeavour to pacifie him with sweet and winning expressions and if casually you should provoke him to a passion be not long ere you shew some regret which may argue how much you are displeased with your self for so doing nay bear his anger patiently though without a cause Be careful to keep your house in good order and let all things with decency be in readiness when he comes to his repast let him not wait for his meals lest by so staying his affairs be diorder'd or impeded And let what ever you provide be so neatly and cleanly drest that his fare though ordinary may engage his appetite and disingage his fancy from Taverns which many are compell'd to make ufe of by reason of the continual and daily dissatisfactions they find at home Shew respect and kindness to what Friends he brings home with him but more especially to his Relations for by this means he will find your love to him by your respect to them and they will be obliged to love you for your own as well as his sake Suffer not any to buz in your ears detracting stories of him and abhor it in your Servants for it is your duty to hide his faults and infirmities and not detect them your self or suffer them to be discovered Take them for your greatest enemies who perswade you against your Husband for without question they have some dangerous design in it Those whom God hath joined together let no man put asunder Cursed then is that instrument which occasions their seperation Breed up your Children in as much or more obedience to him than your self and keep them in so much awe that they shew no rudeness before him or make any noise to his disturbance Make them shew him all awful regard and keep them sweet clean and decent that he may delight himself in them Let him see your love to him in your care for them educating and bringing them up in the knowledg of Religion with their Learning Be careful to manage what money he doth trust you with to his and your own credit abuse not the freedom you have of his purse by being too lavish and pinch not the Guts of your Family at home that you may pamper yours abroad or throw away that money in buying trifles which shall evidence your vanity as well as luxury To govern an House is an excellent and profitable employment there is nothing more beautiful than an Houshold well and peaceably governed it is a profession that is not difficult for she that is not capable of any thing else may be capable of this The principal precepts that belong to the frugal ordering and disposing Houshold-affairs may be compremis'd under these heads First to buy and sell all things at the best times and seasons Secondly to

take an especial care that the goods in the house be not spoiled by negligence of servants or otherwise Let me counsel you not only to avoid unnecessary or immoderate charges but also with a little cost make a great shew but above all suffer not your expence to exceed the receipt of your Husbands income There is a Proverbial saying That the Masters eye maketh the Horse fat I am sure the active vigilance of a good and careful Wise is the ready way to enrich a bad Husband Of Womens behaviour to their Servants and what is to be required of them in the house or what thereunto appertains IF by a thorough inspection and experience you find you have a faithful Servant give her to understand you are not insensible thereof by your loving carriage and kind acknowledgment of her fidelity and frequently find out some occasions to give her some little encouragements to engage her continuance therein do not dishearten her in her duty by often finding fault where there is little or none committed yet be not remiss in reproving where she doth amiss If you find you have a bad or unfaithful Servant as now adays there are too many more than ever whom you cannot either by fair means or foul reclaim Vex not nor fret at what you see is remediless but first making her thoroughly sensible of her errors give her fair warning to provide for her self and convenient for your own affairs and do not as a great many much to blame give too ill a character of her which will raise you little benefit although it may lay the basis of her utter ruin but rather be silent if you cannot speak good which course I should think was sufficient to work on the greatest stupidity for a future amendment Though a bad Servant detain not the wages nor any part that is justly due for the Labourer is worthy of his hire Be not too passionate with your Servants and look narrowly to them that they wast or lavish nothing lest thereby you impair your estate and so purchase the repute of a carelefs and indiscreet Women If you sind that they affect bravery too much and presume to wear what misbecomes their present condition rebuke them mildly into a moderation for their future advantage and the credit of the Family wherein they are Let not the business of the House take them clearly off the service of God but let them so relieve one the other in their duties that they may be sometimes hearers of a good Sermon and do not forget to make enquiry how they improve by what they hear at Church and in your own house Let every Servant Men and Women have their daily work appointed them which must be duly exacted and taken account of either by your self or some superior servant constituted by you for that purpose and let not your constant and painful care of your worldly affairs exclude your greatest concern the things of Heaven and therefore appoint certain hours Morning and Evening for publick prayers for the Family and let not any Servant be absent unless some extraordinary occasion hinder As near as you can keep one set and certain time with good orders observed for the Table in which be free yet frugal Let there be a competent allowance for the Servants that they may have no just cause to complain nor so much superfluity as that they may entertain a sort of loose Gossips in corners the very bane and spoil of Servants Invert not the course of Nature as too many do of late by converting day into night and night into day but keep good hours for your repose that your Servants may be the better disposed for the next days labour Observe due times for washing and smoothing up the Linnen quickly that it may not be thrown up and down and be mildewed and spoil'd and so be fit for nothing but the wash again and forget not to dearn or mend it every week that it may not run to tatters before it be half worn and do not suffer any Servant to be idle If you have a Dairy see it be kept clean and neat Let not the Corn in the Granary muste and spoil for want of skreening and turning Let your Servant see that your Beasts and Poultry be fatted in their due season and that your Stable keep no more Horses than your own In the Brew-house that the first Wort be not drunk up by idle people and so the smallness of your Beer become a disparagement to your Family In the Bake-house that your Dough which should be for the finest Bread at your Table be not half consumed in making of Cakes That there be always Bread enough for the Servants before hand for it is a point of ill Huswifry to eat hot or very new Bread In the Kitchin that there be no Necessaries wanting nor no wast or spoil made but that the Meat be salted and spent in due time In the Parlour let the Fire be made and the Cloth laid in due time that the Cook may have no excuse for the spoiling of his Meat In the Chambers that every thing be kept cleanly the Beds often turned the Furniture often beaten in the Sun and well brushed Every Saturday take an account of every Servants layings out and once a Month an account of all the expences of the whole House In the Buttery and Cellars that the Butler be careful of not making every idle fellow drunk that comes to the House and so squander away without credit the Wine Ale and Beer Now because you will have frequent occasions for Banquets in the entertaining of persons of Quality I think it not unfit for a Gentle-woman to learn the art of Preserving and Candying of which I shall according to the Profession I make thereof give you an ample account or instruction in some Chapters following Frugality will perswade you to learn these cxcellent Arts for in the constant use of the product thereof you will save much for Sweet-meats you will make much cheaper than you can buy them and more commendable Other things you will meet withall worthy of your observation of which this is no mean one most requisite and in no wise dishonourable that is your understanding how to dress Meat as well as eat it that your Servants may be guided by you and not you by them Gentlewomen I will appeal to you as persons competent to judg whether the right understanding of these things be not altogether requisite and necessary and as to your divertisements none carries in it more profit than Cookery now to the intent I may be instrumental to the making up a compleat and accomplished Gentlewoman give me leave here to set you down such A-la-mode instructions as may perfectly inform you in every thing that belongs to the commendable art of Cookery Terms for Carving all sorts of Meat at Table BEfore we shall treat of the body of Cookery I think it fit by way of Prologue or

at home called Saffron which need not give place to any of the former it is hot in the second and dry in the first degree It is a great Cordial and a help against obstructions it is good against the Jaundies and unstufss the pipes of the Lungs It is good to bring down the Menstruum and facilitates the Birth if taken moderately And since I have spoken of a thing of our own growth let me add another which is Honey hot and dry in the second degree and is better boiled than raw it is very restorative and therefore good against Consumptions and Phlegmatick Constitutions but dangerous to be used much by hot Complexions for thereby it is soon converted into Choler The best is very sweet pleasant of smell of a cleer and yellowish colour pretty stiff and firm and yieldeth but little scum on the top when boiled Garden-honey is the best and is clarified by adding a little water to it about the fourth part and so scum it whilst any froth ariseth or till the water be evaporated which is known by the bubbles rising from the bottom if you will have it more pure put into every pound of Honey the white of an Egg and afterwards scum it again in the boiling then use it against all pectoral infirmities as the Cough shortness of breath the Pleurisie c. Sugar is the next thing we treat of which is generally esteemed and used and more now than ever since the Ancients knew not the right way of preparing it as it is done now-a-days Sugar is neither so hot and dry as Honey the brownest or coarsest is most cleansing and is good for abstersions in diseases of the Breast or Lungs but as it is opening and cleansing so the immoderate use thereof is dangerous for it will rot the Teeth and taint the Breath ingender Jaundies and Consumptions and Physicians verily believe that the major part of those who die of the Consumption in the City the constantly great numbers whereof may be seen in the Weekly Bills of Mortality are such who eat Confections and such like sweet things immoderately And since I have spoken of Sugar pray take special notice of this remark That the most part of our finest Sugar and which is most coveted is refined and whitened by the means of the Lee of Lime how prejudicial that may be to the body I will leave it to the Rational to consider Thus I have given you a small touch of the nature of Spices I think I need not acquaint you that we have here at home in our own Gardens many excellent Aromatical Plants such as Rosemary Lavender Tyme Savory Sage Mint Penny-royal Basil sweet Cerfuel Avens Angellica with many more which you may find in Culpeper's English Physician with their nature use and disposition The great plenty we have of these excellent Plants hath made many judicious persons admire that being supplied at home with such admirable Simples we should hunt so eagerly after Outlandish Spices which by difficulty of transportation length of way and carelesness of the Merchant are frequently imported rotten or worm-eaten or so long before they come to our hands that they have lost half their virtue What is to be observed by a Gentlewoman before she undertakes the administration of Physick The first inconvenience you must shun which I have observed in most Physical Practitioners is the vulgar error of not suffering the diseased or sick person to change his linnen often and I know not by what unreasonable prescription they will not suffer a diseased female to change her head-clothes till it too sensibly offend the noses of the Visitants Their common objection is That the sick by that means may catch cold and next That there shifting much weakneth them To this I answer That it is only the foolish conjecture and groundless fear of some old Dotard of our sex for a good fire will easily prevent catching of cold and in the next place their often shifting hath apparently proved the means of their strengthning besides it much discourageth and dejecteth the sick person to lie in foul linnen making them even loath themselves in that stinking condition To make this the more easily understood take notice that in humane bodies there is a threefold Concoction the first in the stomack which is commonly called the Chyle and hath for its excrement that which is convey'd to Colon or the great Gut the second concoction is in the Liver and hath for its excrement the Urine the last is called Nutrition and hath for its excrement certain fuliginous vapours which by insensible transpiration do breathe out themselves through the pores of the body and by the sweat which is apparent to the eye Now in times of Sickness especially in all sorts of Fevers which are the usual diseases which invade English bodies this last excrement doth very much abound and doth extreamly and specdily foul the Linnen of the sick person for which cause reason tells us that the Linnen should be often shifted especially if they sweat much lest the sweat continuing about the body it should be drawn in by the same way it had its passage out For know the Arteries of the body have a double motion one whereby they expell the Excrements already mention'd and the other whereby they attract into the body the ambient Air to refresh the blood Now observe whatsoever Air is next unto them whether good or bad they draw it in and therefore if this foul sweaty Linnen do lie about or upon them undoubtedly the noisome airs will be drawn in by the Arteries and so prolong the distemper To make further proof hereof I have heard it reported by an eminent Physician that let any person newly come out of the Bath go into a place where quantity of dust is rais'd and he shall instantly feel an universal pricking over his whole body which is nothing else but the Atoms of dust drawn in by the Arteries By this then you may understand that the skin ought to be cleansed from all corruption and the pores and passages to be kept open and clean for which cause it was that the Romans of old had their bodies frequently rubbed with a coarse cloth Thus much I have added likewise to let Gentlewomen see how much they are abused by their credulous and ignorant Nurses Should I add other observables with the Symptomes of Diseases I should swell this small Treatise into a greater volume than is requisite I shall therefore desist and give you my collection with my own observation of the choicest receipts in Physick and Chyrugery I could meet with in my strictest indigation Choice and Experimental Observations in Physick and Chyrurgery such which rarely fail'd any who made trial thereof A most approved Receipt for a Quartane Ague PRocure a white flint-stone for that will best endure the fire without breaking and let it lye in a quick fire till it be red hot then take fome small beer and quench

handful of Ivory Harts-horn and yellow Sanders of each one ounce Red dock-roots two ounces Parsley Fennel Asparagus-roots of each an ounce Raisins half a pound boil these very well in a gallon of Beer then stamp and strain them and put it into three gallons of new Beer to work together A Remedy for the Dropsie whether hot or cold Take of the tops of red Mint of Archangel or blind nettles and red Sage of either a small quantity stamp them together and strain the juice of them into some stale Ale so much as will serve to drink morning and evening do this for ten days together and God willing it will effect the Cure Another for the Dropsie which hath cured many a Person when they were left and forsaken by Physicians Take green Broom and burn it in some clean place that you may save the Ashes of it take ten or twelve spoonful of the same Ashes and boil them in a pint of White-wine till the virtue thereof be in the Wine then cool it and drain the Wine from the dregs and make three draughts of the Wine one fasting in the Morning the other at three in the Afternoon and the other when you go to Bed this seldom fails in its desired effect For the Web or Pin in the Eye Take the Gall of a Hare and clarified Honey of each a like quantity mingle them well together and anoint the Web with a feather dipped in the same and in three or four days it will be gone To cleanse the skin of the face and make it look heautiful and fair Take Rosemary and boil it in White-wine with the juice of Erigan put thereunto and wash your face therewith Mornings and Evenings If your Face be troubled with heat take Elder-flowers Plantane white Daisie-roots and Herb-Robert and put these into running-water and wash your Face therewith at night and in the Morning How to ripen and heal a Felon or Whitclof Take some white flower and boil it in Claret-wine to a Poultess then spread it very thick and apply it as hot as you can endure it this will asswage the throbbing pain of the Whitclof break and heal it How to cure the bloody Flux There are two sorts of Fluxes the one proceedeth from the evil quality or temperament of the Liver and is called in Latin Fluxus Hepaticus the other cometh from the great heat and distemperament of Nature and is called Dysenteria that is the distemper of the Guts some cure this distemper with repression and restrictives but many more hundreds are cured by Aromaticum Leonardi with three or four doses of his Syrupus solutivus You may try this way which I shall assure you is both safe and good Take Frogs and distill them as you do Herbs and Flowers or any thing else but put nothing to them but a little water take two or three spoonfuls of this distillation in any thing you drink and it will give you present ease A Cure for every sort of Gout The Gout whether hot or cold or whatever temperature ariseth from one and the same cause though the effects seem different As for example Fat-men have it with much inflamation redness and great pain in leaner Persons it is discovered with less inflamation though not with lesser pain it afflicteth Cholerick and Melancholick men with nodes and tumours The cause of this distemper cometh from an evil quality engendred in the Stomack Blood and Liver the cure thereof must be then the removal of this ill quality from the Stomack and the purgation of Blood and Liver Wherefore when you perceive the pain approaching take two Doses of Pillula Magistrales Leonardi in the morning fasting one day after another or if you will intermit a day then take drams of Quinta essentia solutiva Leonardi in half a Pottinger of Veal-broth sweetned with Sugar take this five hours before you eat any thing then every night after Supper take a little of the Unguentum Leonardi and anoint your grief and you will find your speedy recovery How to cure the Green-Sickness Laziness and love are the usual causes of these obstructions in young women and that which increaseth and continueth this distemper is their eating Oatmeal chalk nay fome have not forborn Cynders Lime and I know not what trash If you would prevent this slothful disease be sure you let not those under your command to want imployment that will hinder the growth of this distemper and cure a worser Malady of a love-sick breast for business will not give them time to think of such idle matters But if this Green-sickness hath already got footing in the body use this means to drive it away Take a Quart of Claret-wine one pound of Currans an handful of young Rosemary-tops with half an ounce of Mace seethe these to a pint and let the Patient drink thereof three spoonfuls at a time Morning and Evening and eat some of the Currans after An Universal Medicine of wonderful use both for Man and Woman Take ten ounces of the seeds of Quinces six ounces of the pills of Citrons Balm and Nettles of each four ounces beat all these grosly and infuse them in six quarts of good White-wine thus let it remain six days then distill it with six ounces of Honey and fifteen ounces of Sugar until you have received a quart of water then put it in a place to cool then add thereunto eight grains of Musk dissolved with about two ounces of Rose-water put thereunto two scruples of oyl of Vitriol and incorporate them well together then keep this water in a Glass well closed to keep out the air and of this take one ounce in the Morning and fast thereon two hours This Experiment is a wonderful preserver of health and continuer of life to long age if constanly used which may appear by the excellency of the Ingredients for the Quince-seeds are admirable for the removing of ill humours which clog the Stomach and are very cordial the Pome-citron-pills preserve and help digestion the Balm purifieth the Blood healeth the Liver incourageth Concoction and comforteth the heart the Nettles provoke Urine mundifie the Reins and correct the malignity of the sinews as for the Wine you cannot be ignorant of its Virtues Musk purgeth the Blood of Windiness the oyl of Vitriol healeth all the excoriations of the Mouth Breast and Stomach and is excellent against malign humours that oppress it An admirable Remedy against the yellow Jaundies Take an handful of Red-nettle-tops Plantane and Saffron and boil them well in a pint of Ale then strain it and drink five or six days thereof and you will find it a present remedy let not the cheapness of its ingredients occasion this composition to be slighted Against the Itch. Take sweet Butter unwrought Wax Vinegar Brimstone a little Rose-water and red Cloves whole boil them together till they be like Salve then anoint the flesh three sundry nights by the fire therewith and no more and