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A48447 A true & exact history of the island of Barbados illustrated with a mapp of the island, as also the principall trees and plants there, set forth in their due proportions and shapes, drawne out by their severall and respective scales : together with the ingenio that makes the sugar, with the plots of the severall houses, roomes, and other places that are used in the whole processe of sugar-making ... / by Richard Ligon, Gent. Ligon, Richard. 1657 (1657) Wing L2075; ESTC R5114 151,046 156

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the Platforme or Superficies of an Ingenio that grinds or squeezes the Sugar A THe ground-plat upon which the Posts or Pillars stand that bear up the house or the Intercolumniation between those Pillars B The Pillars or Posts themselves C The wall between the Mill-house and Boyling-house D The Circle or Circumference where the Horses and Cattle go which draw the Rollers about E The Sweeps to which the Horses and Cattle are fastned that draw about the Rollers F The Frame of the Ingenio G The Brackets or Butteresses that support that Frame H The Dore that goes down stairs to the Boyling-house I The Cistern into which the Liquor runs from the Ingenio immediately after it is ground and is carried in a Pipe under ground to this Cistern where it remaines not above a day at most K The Cistern that holds the Temper which is a Liquor made with ashes steept in water and is no other than the Lye we wash withall in England This Temper we straw in the three last Coppers as the Sugar boyles without which it would never Corn or be any thing but a Syrope but the salt and tartarousnesse of this Temper causes it to turn as Milk does when any soure or sharp liquor is put into it and a very small quantity does the work L The Boyling-house The five black Rounds are the Coppers in which the Sugar is boyled of which the largest is called the Clarifying Copper and the least the Tatch M The Cooling Cistern which the Sugar is put into presently after it is taken off the fire and there kept till it be Milk-warm and then it is to be put into Pots made of boards sixteen inches square above and so grow taper to a point downward the Pot is commonly about thirty inches long and will hold thirty or thirty five pounds of Sugar N The Dore of the Filling-room O The Room it selfe into which the Pots are set being fild till the Sugar grow cold and hard which will be in two daies and two nights and then they are carried away to the Cureing-house P The tops of the Pots of sixteen inches square and stand between two stantions of timber which are girded together in severall places with wood or iron and are thirteen or fourteen inches assunders so that the tops of the Pots being sixteen inches cannot slip between but are held up four foot from the ground Q The Frame where the Coppers stand which is raised above the flowre or levell of the room about a foot and a halfe and is made of Dutch Bricks which they call Klinkers and plaister of Paris And besides the Coppers there are made small Gutters which convey the skimmings of the three lesser Coppers down to the Still-house whereof the strong Spirit is made which they call kill-devill and the skimmings of the two greater Coppers are conveyed another way as worthlesse and good for nothing R The Dore that goes down the stairs to the fire-room where the Furnaces are which cause the Coppers to boyl and though they cannot be exprest here by reason they are under the Coppers yet I have made small semi-circles to let you see where they are behinde the partition-wall which divides the fire-room from the boyling-house which wall goes to the top of the house and is mark'd with the Letter c as the other walls are S A little Gutter made in the wall from the Cistern that holds the first Liquor to the clarifying Copper and from thence is conveyed to the other Coppers with Ladles that hold a gallon a piece by the hands of Negres that attend that work day and night shifting both Negres and Cattle every four hours who also convey the skimmings of the three lesser Coppers down to the Still-house there to be twice distill'd the first time it comes over the helme it is but small and is called Low-wines but the second time it comes off the strongest Spirit or Liquor that is potable T All Windowes U The Fire-room where the Furnaces are that make the Coppers boyl W The Still-house X The Cistern that holds the skimmings till it begin to be soure till when it will not come over the helme Y The two Stills in the Still-house Z The Semi-circles that shew where about the Furnaces stand Place this after Folio 84. The superfities or Plottforme of the Ingenio that grinds or squeeses the canes which make the suger A scales of 40 foote The upright of the Ingenio or Mill that squeeses or grinds the Suger Canes ● a. the foundation or plates of the house which must be of massey and lasting timber b. the frame of the Ingenio c. the planks that be are up the Rollers d. the suporter or propp that beares upp those planks e. the Rollers themselves f. the shaft that is grafted into the midle roller which turnes both the other g. the swepes that come over all the worke and reach to the Circle where the horses and Cattle draw h. the Bracketts that keepe the frame from shakeing whereof there must be 8. i. the sides of the house which are strong posts or studds whic● beare up the house and are plact att ten foote distance with Bracke● above and below to strengthen them forbearing up the plates of the house aboue k. the out Brackets that keepe the posts from starting orbuc● l. the great Beame to which the Shaft of the midle Roller is let in by a goudg in a sockett and goes cross the midle of the house m. the Brackets that support the great beame and likewise all the Roofe of the house n. the Roofe or cover of the house A scale of 40 foote The first Storie of the Cureing house where the potts stand which hold the Suger and is 8. foote a inches from the ground haveing 14. steps to rise of 7. inches to a stepp In this storie is 924 potts and they use to have another storie above this which will hold above 600. potts more The Index of the Cureing house a. the roome where they knock out the suger when it is cured or made into whites and is called the knocking roome when they knock it out for muscavados they finde the midle of the pott well coloured but the upper and nether parts of a bro●●er colour the topp frothy and light the bottom verie browne and full of Molosses both which they sett aside to be boyld againe with the Mosses in the Cisterns of which they make Penneles which though it be a worse kinde of suger in the spending yet you will hardly know it from the second sort of Muscove suger b. the two dores c. the passages betweene the potts upon the flour above d. the great passage in the midle of the rome from end to end e. the topps of the potts which are 16. inches square and hang betweene stantions of timber borne up by verie strong and Massy studs or posts and girded or bract togither with Iron plates or wood the length of