Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	french_a	king_n	pope_n	2,637	5	7.0709	4	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A51887	The second volume of letters writ by a Turkish spy who lived five and forty years undiscover'd at Paris : giving an impartial account to the Divan at Constantinople of the most remarkable transactions of Europe, and discovering several intrigues and secrets of the Christian courts (especially of that of France) continued from the year 1642 to the year 1682 / written originally in Arabick, translated into Italian, and from thence into English, by the translator of the first volume.	Marana, Giovanni Paolo, 1642-1693.; Bradshaw, William, fl. 1700.; Midgley, Robert, 1655?-1723.	1692 (1692)	Wing M565CA; ESTC R35015	169,314	394

great a Noise to do any considerable Execution on a Man who has the Wit to conceal his Resentments and strike before he is perceiv'd In a word the Duke finds himself in a Prison while the Cardinal is every Day more and more established in the Queen's Favour In the mean while I insinuate my self into all Mens Company from whom I can hope for any Intelligence Among the Rest I have observed a Courtier who often goes between the Grandees and seems to be entrusted with great Secrets he is very sparing of Words and makes his Shoulders do the Office of his Tongue I have sometimes enter'd into a Discourse with him about the Queen the Cardinal and others but all his Answers are comprized in Italian Rhetorick a Shrug and a Grimace This silent Language speaks very efficaciously to me and I esteem him worthy to be courted who knows so well how to bridle his Tongue I ply this Politician every Day with Addresses and tell him a great deal of Feigned News that I may tempt him to utter some that is True He is a great Privado of Madam de Chevereux often waits on the Queen sometimes visits the Cardinal and is every Day conversant with one or other of the Nobles If I can win this Man I hope to penetrate farther into the Mysteries of the Court. The God from whom nothing is hid so dispose of all Humane Events that the Empire of the Mussulmans may be established notwithstanding the Cabals and Plots of the Infidels Paris 16th of the 5th Moon of the Year 1644. LETTER IX To Signior Lorenzo del ' Casa Bianca a Genouse at Marseilles THOU sendest me strange and surprizing News that the Malta Gallies have taken the Eldest Son of the Grand Signior and Heir of the Ottoman Empire Captive at Sea as he was sailing to Aegypt I tell thee if such a Thing were true the Grand Signior would not fail to send such a Force as should dig up the very Foundations of that Island and cast it into the Sea But I can resolve thee that there is nothing more of Truth in this Story saving that about Ten Vessels of the Grand Signior's bound for Alexandria on Board of one of which was Sultan Mahomet's Nurse with her Son much about the Age of Sultan Mahomet were taken by Six Gallies of Malta whereby the Malteses were enriched with a great Treasure of Silver Gold and Jewels besides Slaves This Intelligence I have received from my Correspondents at Constantinople Men that are no Strangers to the Seraglio but such as have the Ear of the Prime Vizir They say indeed the Grand Signior took a particular Phancy to this Nurses Child often play'd with it and seemed to caress it with more Complacency than his own Son Sultan Mahomet which gave so great a disgust to the Sultaness the Mother of Mahomet that she procured the Banishment of the Nurse and her Child who in their Voyage to Alexandria were taken Captives by the Maltese Galleys as has been said and this is the Ground of the Report However Sultan Ibrahim is so exasperated against the Malteses for this Depredation that he has sworn by God and Mahomet never to sheath his Sword till he has revenged the Injury by laying waste the Island putting the Knights to Death and leading the Inhabitants into Captivity He has vented his Rage already on the Captain Bassa causing him to be strangled for not guarding the Seas better and 't is said he threatens a War with Venice on the same Account because the Maltese Galleys after this Pyracy put a Shore in Candia where they recruted their Vessels with all necessary Provisions I expected the Silks last Week which I wrote for and the Oil of Calabria Send them by the first Opportunity Paris 28th of the 5th Moon of the Year 1644. LETTER X. To Dgnet Oglou ALL Europe rings with the Report of the Sultan's Son being taken Captive by the Maltese Galleys No doubt but thou hast heard such a Discourse among the Franks at Constantinople and thou knowest the Intrigues of the Seraglio It is pleasant that the Kuzlir Aga's Slave should have no Father for her Child that he himself should adopt it for his own that the Mother of it should be preferred to be Nurse to Sultan Mahomet that Sultan Ibrahim should single out this Fatherless Son of an Eunuch to sport with him take him in his Arms and treat him with all the Endearments that are Naturally shew'd by Parents to their own Children The French Ladies laugh at this Story and say That the Seraglio begins to grow more Civiliz'd and to exchange the Severity of Constantinople for the Gallantries of Paris But let them laugh that win the Malteses have most reason to caress themselves for their good Fortune in such a Prize They say the Grand Prior treats his Young Captive with a most profound Attach and Veneration imagining he has in Custody the Heir of the Ottoman Empire for they know not the true Secret but are possessed with a real Belief that Young Sultan Mahomet is in their Hands Let what I have said be as the words of thy Nurse when she prated a thousand Impertinencies to thee within a Month of thy Nativity In fine be trusty to thy Friend Paris 10th of the 6th Moon of the Year 1644. LETTER XI To the Reis Effendi Principal Secretary of the Ottoman Empire IT is not unknown at the Divan how the Princes of Italy have worried one another these Two Years I dispatch'd long ago some Memoirs of the Feuds between the Barbarini's and the Duke of Parma The Pope upholds the Former making the Quarrel his own in Defence of the Ecclesiastick State The Venetians the Grand Duke of Toscany the Duke of Modena with the French King interest themselves in the Cause of the Latter He is a Prince of an Active Spirit and darts up and down like Lightning through the Pope's Territories If he has lost Castro Montalto and other Places of Strength in this War it is but by Way of Exchange having possessed himself of as considerable Holds belonging to his Enemies Yet the Barbarini's sheltring themselves under the Protection of Pope Vrban seem to triumph and promise themselves an entire Victory using the Artifices of Superstition to weaken the Duke's Credit And because some of his Vessels which carried above a Thousand Souldiers were cast away they would perswade the credulous World that Heaven fights against him They likewise had designed to build a Fort and a Bridge over the River Po to open a Way to themselves into the Confederates Country and to shut it up to all Invaders of their own but were prevented by the Venetians who sent Ten Thousand Men to stop the Building of the Bridge or to demolish it if built In the mean while the Confederates though they seemed to espouse the Duke's Quarrel yet trifled with him protracting their Assistance and disputing about Punctilio's every one restraining the Conditions of their

they were incapable of travelling afoot But with Money they prevail on the Slaves to direct them how they might procure Camels with a Guide This done they overtake the Caravan at Gaza and so finish'd their Pilgrimage They are now at the Court here and have made known the Business to the King who 't is said has dispatch'd an Express to his Ambassador at Constantinople to demand Justice on the aforesaid Subbassee threatning that if it be deny'd he will cover the Ocean with Ships and raze the Palace of the Sultan to the Ground For these two Noblemen are nearly allied to the Royal Family I know thou wilt despise the bold Bravado of this King and so do I being assured that the Invincible Sultan can set his Foot on the Necks of Forty such Petty Kings as this Yet let us be the Advocates of Justice by which the Refulgent Empire of the Mussulmen was first established Should such a Villainy as this go unpunished it would encourage others in like Cases and then there would be nothing but Extortion and cruel Insolence practis'd by Governours of Towns and Cities on the Road. So barbarous and Inhospitable Usage would provoke all the Princes of the Christian Law to take up Arms against us Thus would the most Glorious Empire in the World become a Prey to Infidels I know this would be misrepresented were it to come to other Hands than thine They would say of me openly what they have already whispered in the Cabals of the Seraglio That Mahmut is in Pension with the French King They seek my Life without a Cause But I trust it to thy generous and right noble Hands of whose Friendship I have had so late Experience May the First Mover of the Heavenly Orbs lead thee as by a Clew of Thread through the dark Labyrinth of State Affairs and bring thee after a long and happy Life to the Fields of endless Light Amen! thou Lord of Paradise Paris 26th of the 7th Moon of the Year 1642. LETTER XI To Nathan Ben Saddi a Jew at Vienna I Know thee not and 't is probable that art as little acquainted with me Yet I have often observed more durable Friendships contracted between Strangers than betwixt those of the same Blood Good Offices equally deserve and attract Love There are many Opportunities for Travellers to serve one another And he that obliges me in a strange Country makes himself my Brother I received a Dispatch from the Reis Effendi at Constantinople informing me of the Death of Carcoa one of the Happy Slaves of him whom God has ordained to dispense Felicities to the World I mean the Grand Signior Possessor of the most exalted Throne on Earth He tells me likewise that I must expect from thee the Continuance of Carcoa's Office I congratulate thy Honour in that thou art thought worthy to serve the Great Viceroy of the Lord of the Vniverse to whom is committed the Flaming Sword of Justice that he may reward Vertue punish Vice and reform the Corrupt Manners of all Mankind I am a Mussulman that is resigned to God or else it would have raised some Thoughtfulness in a Man of my Circumstances what should be the Reason of Carcoa's so long Silence not having received any Answer these Four Moons to the many Letters I sent him He was entrusted with the Secrets of my Commission and had another been in my Place he would have suspected Treachery Well he is gone gone to the Invisible Regions to the Receptacles of Just and Faithful Men to the pleasant Woods and Groves the Eternal Blooming Shades and Verdant Fields of Paradise Follow his Steps and be happy He was a Man true to his Trust sedulous and active in Business Punctual in his Appointments Temperate in a Town flowing with Debaucheries just toward all Men and Devout to God It is necessary for him that would attain these Virtues to begin Gradually at the lowest Step to Guard his Sences and set a Watch upon the Avenues of his Passions For a Man becomes neither perfectly Virtuous nor Vicious all at once And a Wise Man of thy own Nation Jesus Ben Sirach has said He that contemns Little Things shall fall by little and little I desire thee to send me Carcoa's Journal with what other Papers he left behind him except such as concern his particular Estate and Affairs Let me know also how the late Design of the Turks upon Rab is resented at the German Court whether the Emperor talks of sending an Embassador to the Sultan about it and whatsoever also of Moment occurs The Reis Effendi tells me that Bechir Bassa the Treasurer has ordered me Five Hundred Zechins by the way of Vienna I desire thou would'st be speedy and careful in remitting them to Paris Thou needest no Instructions concerning my Lodging or the Name I go by here those who appointed thee this Station at Vienna have informed thee no doubt of all Things necessary to the Discharge of thy Duty Write often to me and preserve thy Integrity free from Stain Paris 6th of the 8th Moon of the Year 1642. LETTER XII To Dgnet Oglou I Know thy Genius and have observed with what Complacency thou wert wont to peruse thy Uncle Shela Raphim's Travels a Journal writ in Arabick and full of profitable and wise Remarks especially that Part of it which treats of France I will not pretend to add to his Observations but only acquaint thee with a Novelty which France it self ne'er knew in his Days The Women of Quality here of late addict themselves to the Studies of Philosophy as the Men the Ladies esteeming their Education defective if they cannot confute Aristotle and his Disciples The Pen has almost supplanted the Exercise of the Needle and Ladies Closets formerly the Shops of Female Baubles Toys and Vanities are now turn'd to Libraries and Sanctuaries of Learned Books There is a new Star risen in the French Horizon whose Influence excites the Nobler Females to this pursuit of Humane Science It is the Renowned Monsieur Des Cartes whose Lustre far out-shines the Aged winking Tapers of Peripatetick Philosophy and has eclips'd the Stagyrite with all the Ancient Lights of Greece and Rome 'T is this matchless Soul has drawn so many of the Fairer Sex to the Schools And they are more proud of the Title Cartesian and of the Capacity to defend his Principles than of their Noble Birth and Blood I know our Grave and Politick Mussulmen will censure the Indulgence of the French to their Women and accuse them of Weakness in giving such Advantages to that witty Sex But notwithstanding this Severity of the Eastern Parts I cannot altogether disapprove the Western Galantry If Women are to be esteemed our Enemies methinks it is an ignoble Cowardise thus to disarm them and not allow them the same Weapons we use our selves But if they deserve the Title of our Friends 't is an Inhumane Tyranny to debar them the Privilege of Ingenuous Education which would also

humane Society and given over to the Devil The Occasion of passing this so severe a Sentence on a Sovereign Prince thou wilt imagine was great and yet it was onely for putting away his first Wife and marrying another A Thing commonly practised all over the East Should our Mufti 's have the same Power there would be but few Musulmen in the Sacred Mosques But these Infidels call Marriage a Great Sacrament and esteem it as violated when a Man repudiates his Wife Divorces being not allowed in any Part of Christendom unless in Case of Adultery People talk variously of the Pope's Censure Those who favour the Countess of Cantecroix murmur at the Excommunication calling it A Breach of Privileges an unheard of Innovation an Attempt upon the Life of the Prince They add also that he ought first to have been cited and his Cause heard by the Court according to the Canons and Decrees of Councils On the other Hand there are who justifie this Proceeding of the Pope and accuse the Duke of barbarous Ingratitude for leaving his Lawful Wife by whom he got his Estate and with whom he had lived many Years However the Duke of Lorrain has publish'd a Protestation against the Pope's Proceedings and caused his Procurator General to do the like writing Letters also to the Presidents and Counsellours of the Sovereign Court of Lorrain and Barois commanding them not to take any Notice of the Pope's Censure it being actually null and void because contrary to the Fundamental Laws of the Church It is to be observed here that this Excommunicated Prince in the Conclusion of his Protest appeals nevertheless to the Sovereign Bishop when he shall be better informed still professing an Eternal Obedience to the Church It is a strange unaccountable Power the Popes of Rome claim over Emperours and Princes In his publick Letters Briefs or Patents he stiles himself the Servant of the Servants of God yet in his Actions he assumes a Sovereignty over Kings calling all the Princes in Christendom his Sons and chastising them as such when he sees Occasion All this proceeds from the Difference they make between the Temporal and the Spiritual Sword So that when their Forces have been Routed the City of Rome sack'd and themselves taken Prisoners by the Force of the former yet they have at the same Time by the Dint of the latter subdued their Conquerours and in the midst of Captivity celebrated a Triumph Spare not to command me if thou canst propose any Method of doing thee Service God the Essence of Essences purify us and wash away our Imperfections Paris 25th of the 8th Moon of the Year 1642. LETTER XVII To Bedredin Superior of the Dervises of the Convent of Cogni in Natolia ART thou alive Venerable Old Man or must I expect my Answer in the other World I have often writ to thee and more often enquired after thy Health when I had Opportunity but have received no Answer nor heard any News of thee these Seven Moons which seem so many Years to a Man who would be ready to die for Joy could he receive the least Assurance that thou art yet alive Without Doubt thou livest where-ever thou art and livest in perfect Joy and Peace the Rewards of thy consummate Sanctity and Vertue Either thou still enjoyest a Heaven on Earth thy Incorrupt Soul being a Paradise to it self or thou hast translated thy Residence from Earth to Heaven to augment the Number and Joys of the Blessed Well! I will suppose and hope thou art alive and that this Letter will come to thy Hand I will therefore make thee an acceptable Present Thou hast often spoke with much Affection and Reverence of Jesus the Messias of the Christians as all Good Mussulmen ought to do being taught by the Alcoran in several Chapters that he was a Holy Prophet and in the Number of the Divine Favorites I have met with an Authentick Description of his Person in the King's Library and have translated it into Arabick for thy Satisfaction Publius Lentulus being President of Judea sent it to the Senate of Rome when the Fame of Jesus began to spread abroad in the World These are his Words THERE lives at this Time in Judaea a Man of singular Vertue whose Name is Jesus Christ Whom the Barbarians esteem a Prophet but his own Followers adore him as the Off-spring of the Immortal Gods He calls back the Dead from their Graves and heals all Sorts of Diseases with a Word or a Touch. He is tall and well-shaped of an Amiable Reverend Aspect his Hair of a Colour that can hardly be match'd falling into Graceful Curls below his Ears and very agreeably couching on his Shoulders parted on the Crown of the Head like the Nazarites His Fore-head is smooth and large his Cheeks without other Spot save that of a lovely Red. His Nose and Mouth form'd with exquisite Symmetry His Beard thick and of a Colour suitable to the Hair of his Head reaching an Inch below his Chin and parting in the middle like a Fork His Eyes bright clear and serene He rebukes with Majesty counsels with Mildness his whole Address whether in Word or Deed being Elegant and Grave No Man has seen him laugh but he has wept frequently He is very Temperate Modest and Wise A Man for his Excellent Beauty and Divine Perfections surpassing the Children of Men. I send thee this Picture of the Christians Messias not drawn by the Pencil of the Painter but by the Pen of a Roman Governour and therefore it may pass for Authentick I have often heard thee praise the Original and condemn some too Superstitious Mussulmans who in their mistaken Zeal for the Alcoran have Blasphem'd this Holy Prophet a Man whom the Alcoran it self mentions in several Chapters styling him The Breath and Word of God Certainly Malediction becomes not the Mouth of a True Believer and he who Curses God or any of the Hundred and twenty four Thousand Prophets shall be excluded their Society in Paradise I give thee a final Adieu O Holy Dervise desiring that this Character of the Messiah may be transcribed in Letters of Gold on Silken Paper and laid up in the Library of thy Convent Adieu Live for ever Paris 25th of the 8th Moon of the Year 1642. LETTER XVIII To the Caimacham VArious are the Discourses of People in this Place concerning the Reduction of Asac For Paris like Athens of old is the Receptacle of all the News in the World The French are Naturally a Martial People delighting much in the Affairs of War and when the News came last Year of the Raising the Siege of Asac with all the Particulars of the Defendants Bravery notwithstanding the Union of so great Forces against them they highly applauded the Valour and Constancy of the Cossacks whom neither Threats nor Promises gentle Means nor vigorous Assaults could prevail upon to surrender up their Town but forced the Besiegers to return Home with the Loss of above

Twelve Thousand Turks besides Moldavians Walachians and Tartars But now they begin to change their Notes and to admire the Invincible Force of the Ottoman Arms which hew their way through the most Formidable Difficulties to lay Empires Kingdoms and States at the Feet of our Victorious Sultan I have received a particular Account from Nathan Ben Saddi of the taking of that City He tells me That at the News of those great Preparations which were making by Land and Sea against it the Inhabitants being denied the Protection of the Moscovites which was their sole Refuge in this Extremity abandoned the Town carrying with them their Goods and demolishing their Houses so that there was but small Prey left for our Soldiers It is the General Discourse of this Court that there is a Son born to Sultan Ibrahim I should heartily rejoice were I assured the News were true but there is no Dispatch as yet to confirm it Besides I have received Advice from Constantinople which almost discourages me from ever hoping so fortunate an Event God lengthen thy Days and make thee Happy both in this World and in Paradise Paris 25th of the 8th Moon of the Year 1642. LETTER XIX To Mustapha Bassa of Silistria THOU hast no Reason to repine at the Exchange of thy Government though thy present Power be circumscribed within narrower Limits than it was in Aegypt That Granary of the World never afforded thee such a Harvest of Laurels as thou hast reaped on the Banks of the Black-Sea The Conquest of Asac has loaded thee with Honours and the Moderation thou hast in the midst of Triumphs has captivated greater Numbers of the Cossacks than could the Dint of thy Cymetar Though the Foundations of Kingdoms are laid in Blood yet the Superstructure is cemented with Clemency and the Roman Caesars by timely sheathing their Swords fastned to their Empire the Provinces they had won by drawing them I am bound to write often to the Ministers of the Port and all my Moments are consecrated to the Service of the Grand Signior who has a Right to command all Mankind Yet the Fame of thy late Victory reaching these Parts and giving occasion of Discourse I stole this time from my self not from my Great Master it being the Hour of Sleep to tell thee what the World says of thee They do not compare thee to Hannibal Scipio or Alexander the Great thou thy self wouldst take him for a Flatterer that should use such an Expression But they say the Method thou hast taken to sweeten the Calamities of the Cossacks and invite them back to their abandoned Habitations has some resemblance with the Conduct of Selim a General of Orchanes's Army who after he had taken the City of Prusa forbid his Soldiers on pain of Death to touch the Goods of the Inhabitants or commit any Insolent Action The Moderation of this Conqueror not only rendred the Citizens easie and willing to submit to their New Lord but the Fame of it spreading abroad he with little Bloodshed reduced all the adjoining Countrys under Subjection It is reported of the Great and Victorious Saladine That he took more Pleasure in winning the Hearts of his Enemies than in conquering their Persons This Prince had a Saying very common in his Mouth That he did the Office of a Barber and Gardiner shaving the Superfluities and pruning the Excrescencies of Overgrown Kingdoms and States not destroying them Root and Branch 'T is certain he endeavoured in all his Conquests to mollify the Aversion of his Enemies by Acts of Generosity Thou wilt expect some News from a Man in my Post and I cannot entertain thee with more agreeable Intelligence than what is the common Theme of Discourse at this Time Edward Duke of Parma has entered into the Pope's Territories with Three Thousand select Horse where he marches Dragooning up and down the Country bringing Terror and Confusion where-ever he comes He Conquers without drawing his Sword the Pope's Army flying before him This Prince is by Nature very Fierce and Active and has a peculiar Gift of obliging his Souldiers by treating them with a frank affable Carriage free from the stately Reservedness to which Men in Authority are accustomed By this Deportment he has insensibly stole their Affections they are ready to follow him all over the World When the Princes of Italy fall out with one another they generally engage the French and the Spaniards in the Quarrel But the Duke of Parma refused the Assistance which the former profer'd him of Two Thousand Men provided they might be disposed in Garrisons he was Jealous lest the French design'd to play their old Game and that when they were once Housed in his Cities and strong Holds it would be difficult to Unkennel them He has a new way of winning Towns carrying with him neither Infantry Cannon Ammunition nor any other Provision necessary to a Campaign Yet when he approached towards Smola in his Road to Bologna the Governour sent the Keys of the Town to him in his March which he made no other use of than to give his Troops a Passage through the Place resigning them up again By these Noble Acts he paved himself an easie Way through the Ecclesiastick State his Army being furnished with Victuals in Abundance without Plunder or Insolency The first Occasion of this Quarrel proceeded from some Contempts put upon the Prince of Parma at the Court of Rome by the Nephews of Pope Vrban And the Disgusts have since been improved to that Height as to Engage the State of Venice the Grand Duke of Tuscany the Duke of Modena and other Princes in the Care of the General Interest of Italy They proceed with Mediations and Overtures of Peace in one Hand while the Sword is brandish'd with the other amuzing one another with Treaties to gain Time The Loss of Castro a strong Town on the Borders of the Ecclesiastick State spurs on the Duke of Parma to Revenge himself on the Barberini's while the Republick of Venice strives to mitigate his Fierceness and accommodate Affairs espousing his Cause but fearful of his Rashness lest his impetuous Humour should carry him to the Walls of Rome and bring things to Extremities For all the Princes in Italy profess an Inviolate Obedience to the Pope who seems to Inherit the Authority of the Ancient Roman Emperours Thou maist comprehend by what I have said how easie it were at such a Juncture when all the Principalities in Italy are as it were disjointed to bring them under the Yoke of a Foreign Power This is what the Spaniards and French have for a long time been nibling at and whereof the Rebublick of Venice are so Jealous that they never side with one Party to the Ruine of another but endeavour to keep all the Interests of Italy in an Aequilibrium till they are Reconciled and United lest the Party which finds it self most weakned should seek the Protection of one of those Potent Crowns who would not