that_o honour_n be_v see_v by_o the_o place_n where_o they_o sit_v by_o the_o censer_n and_o by_o the_o pax_n which_o be_v give_v they_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o mass_n now_o whereas_o this_o council_n be_v hold_v at_o three_o several_a time_n under_o there_o several_a pope_n paul_n the_o iii_o juliet_n the_o iii_o and_o pius_n the_o iv_o in_o the_o time_n of_o paul_n and_o juliet_n charles_n the_o v._o be_v emperor_n who_o ambassador_n without_o contradiction_n sit_v above_o the_o french_a ambassador_n who_o in_o the_o sixteen_o first_o session_n appear_v very_o little_a and_o no_o place_n be_v hold_v there_o under_o the_o title_n of_o spain_n yet_o some_o thing_n happen_v then_o which_o show_v the_o eminency_n of_o the_o french_a king_n above_o all_o other_o next_o to_o the_o emperor_n in_o the_o bull_n of_o the_o indiction_n of_o the_o council_n paul_n the_o iii_o date_v a_o 1542._o the_o king_n of_o france_n be_v name_v after_o the_o emperor_n in_o express_a term_n and_o all_o the_o other_o prince_n comprehend_v in_o one_o general_a term_n and_o that_o twice_o thus_o charissimos_fw-la in_o christo_fw-la filios_fw-la nostros_fw-la carolum_fw-la romanorum_fw-la imperatorem_fw-la &_o christianissimum_fw-la regem_fw-la franciscum_fw-la duo_fw-la praecipua_fw-la christiani_n nomin_n firmamenta_fw-la atque_fw-la fulcra_fw-la orare_fw-la atque_fw-la obsecrare_fw-la institimus_fw-la a_o little_a low_o supra_fw-la autem_fw-la dictos_fw-la imperatorem_fw-la regemque_fw-la christianissimum_fw-la nec_fw-la non_fw-la caeteros_fw-la reges_fw-la deuce_n principes_fw-la quorum_fw-la praesentia_fw-la si_fw-la alias_o unquam_fw-la hoc_fw-la quidem_fw-la tempore_fw-la maximè_fw-la sanctissimae_fw-la christi_fw-la fidei_fw-la &_o christianorum_fw-la futura_fw-la est_fw-la salutaris_fw-la rogantes_fw-la atque_fw-la obsecrantes_fw-la per_fw-la viscera_fw-la misericordiae_fw-la dei_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o council_n an_z 1545._o francis_n the_o i_o have_v appoint_v for_o his_o ambassador_n claude_n d'urfé_fw-fr seneschal_n of_o forest_n jaques_n de_fw-fr liguieres_fw-fr precedent_n in_o the_o three_o chamber_n of_o inquest_n in_o the_o parliament_n of_o paris_n and_o the_o dean_n peter_n danes_n since_o bishop_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr vaur_n but_o be_v inform_v by_o some_o french_a bishop_n that_o be_v at_o trent_n that_o there_o be_v little_a hope_n that_o the_o council_n shall_v do_v any_o good_a he_o call_v back_o his_o ambassador_n who_o do_v not_o appear_v in_o the_o council_n antony_z filioly_a of_o ganat_n archbishop_n of_o aix_n in_o provence_n be_v there_o for_o the_o king_n who_o in_o the_o first_o session_n when_o public_a prayer_n be_v make_v for_o the_o prince_n have_v require_v that_o the_o king_n of_o france_n shall_v be_v name_v in_o express_a term_n as_o he_o have_v be_v name_v in_o the_o bull_n of_o the_o indiction_n the_o legate_n elude_v that_o demand_n and_o say_v that_o the_o father_n ought_v to_o be_v consult_v about_o it_o and_o none_o be_v pray_v for_o in_o express_a term_n but_o the_o pope_n and_o the_o emperor_n all_o other_o prince_n be_v comprehend_v in_o one_o general_a term_n in_o the_o year_n 1546._o francis_n the_o i_o send_v his_o ambassador_n peter_n danes_n bishop_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr vaur_n to_o the_o council_n at_o his_o reception_n he_o make_v a_o sine_fw-la speech_n wherein_o he_o represent_v the_o state_n of_o christendom_n and_o the_o great_a disorder_n creep_v into_o the_o church_n even_o into_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n at_o which_o when_o a_o certain_a bishop_n do_v laugh_v say_v gallus_n cantat_fw-la danes_n reply_v ready_o utinam_fw-la isto_fw-la gallicinio_fw-la petrus_n ad_fw-la resipiscontiam_fw-la &_o fletum_fw-la excitetur_fw-la a_o apophthegm_n which_o afterward_o be_v rife_o in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o father_n of_o the_o council_n an._n 1547._o when_o paul_n the_o iii_o to_o avoid_v the_o plague_n &_o the_o war_n of_o germany_n will_v remove_v the_o council_n from_o trent_n to_o bolonia_n the_o legate_n consult_v the_o father_n about_o it_o say_v that_o his_o holiness_n approve_v of_o it_o communicato_fw-la etiam_fw-la consilio_fw-la cum_fw-la imperatore_n christianissimo_fw-la rege_fw-la &_o aliis_fw-la regibus_fw-la ac_fw-la principibus_fw-la christianis_fw-la which_o be_v another_o expression_n of_o the_o honour_n which_o the_o council_n do_v to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n but_o in_o the_o three_o indiction_n of_o the_o council_n under_o pius_n the_o iv_o a_o 1561_o in_o the_o bull_n of_o the_o indiction_n pius_n the_o iv_o use_v other_o word_n than_o paulus_n the_o iii_o and_o julius_n the_o iii_o have_v use_v before_o thus_o charissimos_fw-la verò_fw-la in_o christo_fw-la filios_fw-la nostros_fw-la romanorum_fw-la imperatorem_fw-la electum_fw-la caeterosque_fw-la reges_fw-la &_o principes_fw-la quos_fw-la optandum_fw-la sanè_fw-la esset_fw-la concilio_n interest_n posse_fw-la hortamur_fw-la &_o rogamus_fw-la without_o any_o mention_n of_o the_o most_o christian_n king_n philibert_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr bourdesiere_n bishop_n of_o angoulesm_n ambassador_n of_o france_n in_o the_o pope_n court_n expostulate_v with_o he_o by_o the_o king_n order_n for_o that_o neglect_n with_o protestation_n that_o notwithstanding_o that_o neglect_n he_o will_v not_o hinder_v the_o progress_n of_o the_o council_n yea_o that_o he_o have_v command_v his_o bishop_n to_o go_v to_o the_o council_n the_o pope_n answer_v that_o he_o have_v charge_v some_o cardinal_n to_o form_v the_o bull_n and_o that_o they_o have_v not_o heed_v that_o pointillo_n and_o that_o after_o they_o have_v name_v the_o emperor_n they_o have_v not_o judge_v it_o necessary_a to_o name_v all_o the_o king_n but_o have_v comprehend_v they_o under_o one_o general_a name_n the_o ambassador_n reply_v that_o it_o be_v a_o prerogative_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n not_o to_o be_v comprehend_v under_o a_o general_a name_n the_o pope_n answer_v that_o he_o can_v not_o foresee_v all_o thing_n and_o that_o another_o time_n order_n shall_v be_v give_v that_o the_o like_a error_n shall_v not_o be_v commit_v in_o the_o year_n 1562_o the_o 18._o of_o may_n lewis_n the_o saint_n gelais_n lord_n de_fw-fr lansac_n come_v to_o trent_n and_o three_o day_n after_o arnault_n ferrier_n precedent_n of_o the_o inquest_n of_o paris_n and_o guy_n du_fw-fr faur_n de_fw-fr pibrac_n chief_a judge_n of_o tolosa_n send_v by_o the_o king_n of_o france_n who_o be_v receive_v with_o great_a honour_n by_o the_o council_n yea_o great_a part_n of_o the_o prelate_n subject_n of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n go_v to_o meet_v they_o but_o ferdinand_n de_fw-fr avalo_n marquis_n of_o pesquera_n ambassador_n to_o king_n philip_n go_v out_o of_o trent_n three_o day_n before_o and_o retire_v to_o milan_n of_o which_o he_o be_v governor_n pretend_v a_o fear_n from_o the_o protestant_n of_o daulphiné_n and_o the_o swisser_n but_o in_o effect_n to_o avoid_v meet_v with_o the_o french_a ambassador_n who_o take_v their_o place_n in_o the_o general_a congregation_n after_o the_o imperial_a ambassador_n pibrac_n make_v a_o fine_a oration_n wherein_o he_o speak_v very_o free_o against_o the_o disorder_n of_o the_o church_n the_o small_a progress_n of_o the_o council_n in_o such_o a_o long_a time_n and_o for_o the_o liberty_n of_o vote_v in_o the_o council_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v expect_v from_o rome_n he_o be_v second_v by_o the_o two_o other_o ambassador_n lansac_n and_o ferrier_n the_o pope_n complain_v of_o it_o and_o say_v that_o the_o king_n of_o france_n have_v send_v not_o ambassador_n but_o advocate_n of_o the_o huguenot_n and_o indeed_o the_o ill_a opinion_n which_o the_o father_n of_o the_o council_n have_v of_o the_o belief_n of_o these_o three_o man_n be_v a_o cause_n why_o the_o council_n and_o the_o pope_n deal_v with_o they_o with_o more_o rigour_n in_o the_o mean_a while_o the_o french_a bishop_n come_v to_o the_o council_n conduct_v by_o the_o cardinal_n of_o lorraine_n who_o be_v most_o honourable_o receive_v by_o the_o cardinal_n of_o mantua_n and_o the_o other_o legate_n soon_o after_o the_o come_n of_o the_o cardinal_n of_o lorraine_n philip_n the_o two_o have_v call_v back_o the_o marquesse_n of_o pesquera_n send_v to_o trent_n another_o ambassador_n ferdinand_n quigones_n count_n de_fw-fr luna_n who_o be_v go_v to_o germany_n before_o to_o be_v present_a at_o the_o coronation_n of_o maximilian_n son_n to_o the_o emperor_n ferdinand_n will_v know_v of_o the_o father_n of_o the_o council_n what_o place_n they_o will_v give_v he_o upon_o which_o the_o cardinal_n of_o mantua_n the_o first_o legate_n have_v consult_v with_o the_o ambassador_n of_o france_n and_o the_o cardinal_n of_o lorraine_n he_o propound_v unto_o they_o this_o accommodation_n that_o as_o for_o they_o they_o shall_v keep_v their_o place_n next_o to_o the_o ambassador_n of_o the_o emperor_n and_o that_o some_o other_o place_n may_v be_v find_v for_o the_o count_n of_o luna_n over_o against_o the_o legate_n on_o the_o other_o side_n or_o after_o the_o ecclesiastical_a ambassador_n or_o in_o some_o other_o place_n out_o of_o the_o bench_n of_o the_o
and_o spain_n intervene_v to_o make_v they_o friend_n and_o this_o be_v do_v without_o prejudice_n to_o the_o peace_n between_o the_o two_o state_n valteline_n be_v a_o valley_n seat_v between_o germany_n the_o venetian_n the_o duchy_n of_o milan_n &_o the_o grison_n it_o be_v in_o old_a time_n a_o part_n of_o the_o duchy_n of_o milan_n or_o at_o least_o a_o appurtenance_n of_o the_o same_o and_o be_v engage_v to_o the_o grison_n by_o lewis_n the_o xii_o for_o four_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n arrear_n due_a to_o they_o for_o their_o service_n in_o the_o conquest_n of_o milan_n since_o which_o time_n it_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o grison_n but_o the_o difference_n of_o religion_n intervening_a and_o the_o grison_n be_v turn_v protestant_n for_o the_o most_o part_n valtolina_n keep_v for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o religion_n of_o milan_n which_o make_v they_o desire_n to_o shake_v the_o yoke_n of_o the_o grison_n and_o return_n under_o the_o subjection_n of_o milan_n invite_v to_o it_o by_o the_o spaniard_n so_o that_o a_o 1619._o the_o great_a revolt_n begin_v and_o the_o valtolin_n expel_v the_o grison_n their_o master_n who_o have_v recourse_n to_o the_o protection_n of_o france_n by_o who_o they_o hold_v that_o country_n king_n lewis_n the_o xiii_o send_v mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr bassompierre_n into_o spain_n to_o philip_n the_o iv_o for_o philip_n the_o iii_o be_v late_o dead_a who_o grant_v according_a to_o the_o treaty_n of_o madrid_n that_o all_o garrison_n of_o stranger_n shall_v depart_v out_o of_o valtolina_n and_o that_o order_n shall_v be_v take_v for_o the_o maintain_n of_o the_o catholic_a religion_n the_o duke_n of_o feria_n have_v refuse_v to_o execute_v that_o command_n and_o the_o valtolin_n unwilling_a to_o return_v to_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o grison_n king_n lewis_n exhort_v the_o swisser_n and_o grison_n to_o maintain_v their_o right_n and_o send_v they_o a_o ambassador_n the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr coenure_n who_o he_o make_v afterward_o general_n of_o their_o army_n and_o marshal_n of_o france_n know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o marshal_n d'estree_fw-mi then_o do_v the_o french_a and_o the_o spaniard_n fight_n yet_o without_o break_v the_o treaty_n of_o veruins_n because_o both_o act_v for_o their_o confederate_n pope_n vrban_n the_o viii_o have_v make_v himself_o depositary_a of_o the_o principal_a place_n of_o valtolina_n send_v his_o nephew_n cardinal_n barbarini_n into_o france_n a_o 1625._o who_o not_o be_v able_a to_o make_v a_o accommodation_n as_o pretend_v to_o deliver_v valtolina_n from_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o grison_n war_n begin_v in_o italy_n by_o the_o alliance_n make_v between_o the_o french_a and_o the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n against_o genoa_n which_o be_v assist_v by_o the_o spaniard_n thus_o these_o quarrel_n upon_o the_o by_o come_v very_o near_o to_o a_o absolute_a rapture_n between_o the_o two_o nation_n for_o at_o the_o same_o time_n some_o spanish_a ship_n pass_v from_o barcelona_n to_o genoa_n and_o drive_v upon_o the_o coast_n of_o marseille_n be_v arrest_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o guise_n of_o which_o the_o genoese_n complain_v to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n who_o council_n irritate_v with_o these_o war_n and_o with_o the_o take_n of_o many_o place_n about_o genoa_n give_v order_n that_o all_o french_a ship_n in_o the_o haven_n of_o spain_n shall_v be_v arrest_v and_o all_o the_o good_n of_o the_o french_a traffic_a in_o spain_n seize_v upon_o the_o council_n of_o france_n to_o be_v even_o with_o they_o make_v two_o edict_n the_o one_o to_o forbid_v all_o traffic_n with_o spain_n the_o other_o to_o seize_v upon_o all_o ship_n of_o spain_n portugal_n naples_n and_o other_o place_n of_o the_o spanish_a dominion_n yet_o only_o by_o right_a of_o represall_n and_o for_o restitution_n of_o the_o good_n take_v from_o the_o french_a war_n continue_v in_o piedmont_n all_o that_o while_n till_o the_o winter_n of_o that_o year_n 1625_o when_o the_o army_n retire_v into_o garrison_n that_o winter_n du_n fâ—rgis_n the_o french_a emassadour_n in_o spain_n begin_v a_o treaty_n which_o be_v call_v the_o treaty_n of_o monson_n in_o arragon_n whereby_o without_o any_o commission_n from_o his_o master_n or_o his_o principal_a minister_n of_o state_n the_o cardinal_n de_fw-fr richelieu_n as_o it_o be_v pretend_v he_o do_v great_o derogate_v to_o the_o right_n of_o the_o grison_n over_o valtolina_n make_v the_o valtolin_n well_o nigh_o soveraine_v take_v from_o the_o grison_n all_o power_n to_o refuse_v the_o judge_n and_o that_o form_n of_o government_n which_o the_o valtolin_n will_v set_v up_o among_o themselves_o that_o treaty_n be_v disavow_v by_o king_n lewis_n and_o the_o cardinal_n who_o command_v the_o ambassador_n to_o reform_v it_o wherein_o so_o much_o tedious_a protraction_n be_v use_v that_o lewis_n be_v in_o the_o end_n constrain_v to_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o valtolin_n and_o send_v they_o the_o duke_n of_o rohan_n who_o there_o continue_v the_o war_n even_o after_o the_o rapture_n between_o the_o two_o crown_n in_o the_o year_n 1628._o vincent_n the_o ii_o duke_n of_o mantua_n be_v dead_a charles_n duke_n of_o nevers_n the_o next_o heir_n male_a succeed_v but_o the_o emperor_n make_v some_o difficulty_n about_o it_o because_o he_o be_v bear_v in_o france_n and_o because_o he_o do_v not_o come_v personal_o to_o he_o to_o render_v his_o homage_n but_o beside_o his_o right_n of_o lapse_n for_o want_n of_o homage_n he_o set_v up_o the_o right_n of_o duke_n guastullo_n of_o the_o same_o house_n of_o mantua_n which_o yet_o appear_v at_o the_o first_o to_o be_v weak_a and_o of_o no_o force_n at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n renew_v his_o right_n to_o montserrat_n so_o the_o new_a duke_n of_o mantua_n see_v himself_o almost_o swallow_v up_o by_o the_o emperor_n the_o spaniard_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n yea_o don_n gonzales_n de_fw-fr cordova_n besiege_v cazal_n the_o old_a apple_n of_o discord_n between_o the_o house_n of_o mantua_n and_o savoy_n king_n lewis_n resolve_v to_o maintain_v his_o subject_n and_o confederate_a send_v beuron_n and_o guron_n to_o defend_v cazal_n himself_o pass_v into_o italy_n force_v le_fw-fr pas_fw-fr de_fw-fr suze_fw-fr drive_v the_o spaniard_n from_o the_o siege_n of_o cazal_n and_o compel_v the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n to_o let_v the_o mantuan_a be_v in_o peace_n the_o protestant_n in_o france_n be_v in_o arm_n rochel_n besiege_v and_o their_o party_n bring_v low_a some_o say_v that_o the_o duke_n of_o rohan_n send_v clausel_n from_o montpellier_n to_o madrid_n to_o put_v the_o protestant_a party_n under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n the_o history_n of_o dupleix_n set_v down_o the_o whole_a treaty_n between_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o rohan_n whereby_o the_o spaniard_n promise_v to_o assist_v rohan_n with_o man_n and_o money_n but_o lewis_n return_v victorious_a out_o of_o italy_n sudden_o overcome_v the_o protestant_a party_n and_o force_v they_o to_o receive_v peace_n the_o spaniard_n think_v he_o may_v as_o lawful_o assist_v the_o protestant_n of_o france_n as_o the_o french_a assist_v those_o of_o holland_n whilst_o lewis_n be_v busy_a about_o the_o pacification_n of_o his_o own_o state_n the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n renew_v his_o pretence_n to_o montserrat_n the_o emperor_n send_v colalâ—o_o against_o the_o duke_n of_o mantua_n and_o the_o marquesse_n of_o spinola_n besiege_v cazal_n but_o in_o vain_a be_v well_o defend_v by_o toiras_n since_o marshal_v of_o france_n lewis_n repass_v into_o italy_n make_v himself_o master_n of_o savoy_n and_o piedmont_n the_o imperial_a army_n take_v mantua_n but_o all_o be_v pacify_v by_o the_o treaty_n of_o queyras_n a_o 1631._o and_o the_o duke_n of_o mantua_n be_v settle_v in_o his_o estate_n in_o that_o year_n 1631._o marry_o the_o queen_n mother_n of_o france_n retire_v into_o flanders_n the_o next_o year_n 1632._o the_o duke_n of_o orleans_n her_o son_n do_v the_o like_a where_o get_v some_o dutch_a and_o german_a troop_n he_o make_v a_o inroad_n into_o france_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 1633._o he_o make_v a_o treaty_n with_o the_o spaniard_n to_o enter_v into_o france_n with_o a_o army_n all_o this_o without_o absolute_a rapture_n betwixt_o the_o two_o crown_n only_o the_o spaniard_n foment_v the_o division_n of_o the_o royal_a house_n of_o france_n gustavus_n adolphus_n king_n of_o sueden_n after_o a_o long_a war_n against_o poland_n come_v into_o germany_n a_o 1631._o for_o the_o restitution_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o meckelburg_n his_o kinsman_n into_o their_o estate_n out_o of_o which_o the_o emperor_n have_v expel_v they_o and_o to_o restore_v liberty_n to_o the_o city_n of_o germany_n lewis_n jealous_a of_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n and_o have_v cause_n enough_o to_o ressent_n the_o wrong_v offer_v to_o he_o
ambassador_n to_o which_o the_o french_a answer_v that_o they_o be_v send_v by_o their_o king_n not_o to_o judge_v cause_n or_o to_o decide_v of_o the_o right_n of_o king_n philip_n who_o be_v a_o good_a friend_n &_o brother_n in_o law_n to_o their_o king_n charles_n the_o ix_o but_o if_o any_o will_v take_v their_o place_n they_o be_v resolve_v to_o stand_v for_o it_o against_o all_o sort_n of_o person_n which_o if_o the_o council_n deny_v they_o they_o have_v order_n to_o with_o draw_v with_o all_o the_o french_a prelate_n and_o to_o protest_v of_o the_o nullity_n of_o the_o resolution_n which_o shall_v be_v take_v in_o their_o absence_n to_o which_o the_o legate_n answer_v nothing_o that_o declaration_n of_o the_o french_a though_o generous_a give_v occasion_n to_o the_o affront_n which_o soon_o after_o be_v offer_v to_o they_o in_o the_o council_n for_o they_o be_v censure_v by_o posterity_n for_o not_o require_v absolute_o that_o the_o spaniard_n shall_v fit_v under_o they_o an._n 1563._o the_o legate_n fear_v some_o division_n between_o the_o french_a and_o spanish_a doctor_n about_o their_o order_n in_o speak_v give_v order_n that_o without_o distinction_n of_o nation_n every_o one_o shall_v speak_v according_a to_o his_o seniority_n of_o doctorship_n but_o because_o some_o among_o the_o french_a divine_n have_v the_o seniority_n over_o the_o spanish_a these_o make_v great_a complaint_n to_o the_o legate_n pretend_v that_o this_o preference_n of_o the_o french_a will_v be_v a_o prejudice_n against_o the_o dispure_v which_o the_o countide_n luna_n be_v form_v against_o the_o french_a ambassador_n the_o legate_n rebuke_v they_o show_v that_o the_o doctor_n though_o send_v by_o the_o prince_n do_v not_o represent_v their_o person_n as_o the_o ambassador_n do_v and_o that_o the_o question_n be_v only_o of_o the_o seniority_n of_o the_o degree_n not_o of_o the_o preference_n of_o the_o nation_n notwithstanding_o these_o satisfactory_a reason_n the_o spaniard_n be_v angry_a and_o threaten_v the_o council_n of_o their_o king_n displeasure_n who_o shall_v take_v off_o his_o protection_n from_o they_o the_o french_a see_v that_o the_o spaniard_n stand_v upon_o point_n in_o such_o a_o clear_a business_n and_o that_o of_o doctor_n they_o will_v make_v ambassador_n do_v obstinate_a themselves_o also_o to_o have_v the_o preference_n even_o in_o the_o dispute_v of_o the_o divine_n and_o because_o the_o pope_n delegate_n speak_v first_o without_o contradiction_n the_o french_a ask_v to_o be_v admit_v to_o speak_v next_o after_o they_o which_o the_o legate_n be_v constrain_v to_o grant_v and_o it_o be_v decree_v that_o after_o the_o jesuit_n salmeron_n the_o pope_n divine_a nicolas_n maillart_n dean_n of_o the_o faculty_n of_o paris_n shall_v speak_v and_o that_o after_o that_o all_o shall_v speak_v according_a to_o the_o seniority_n of_o their_o degree_n which_o be_v follow_v yet_o to_o content_v the_o spaniard_n it_o be_v enact_v in_o the_o register_n of_o the_o council_n that_o the_o french_a doctor_n have_v speak_v the_o first_o by_o the_o right_n of_o his_o seniority_n in_o the_o degree_n of_o doctor_n not_o by_o the_o preference_n of_o his_o nation_n the_o same_o year_n 1563._o upon_o easter-day_n the_o count_n of_o luna_n be_v receive_v at_o trent_n and_o in_o his_o entry_n mach_v between_o the_o ambassador_n of_o the_o emperor_n and_o of_o france_n this_o ceremony_n pass_v with_o much_o honour_n and_o civility_n between_o the_o two_o nation_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o cardinal_n of_o lorraine_n write_v to_o the_o emperor_n ferdinand_n who_o be_v at_o insprugh_n in_o the_o county_n of_o tirol_n three_o day_n journey_n from_o trent_n upon_o divers_a affair_n of_o the_o council_n and_o in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o letter_n desire_v he_o to_o find_v some_o temper_n to_o lay_v down_o the_o dispute_n about_o the_o preference_n between_o the_o two_o crown_n so_o that_o it_o may_v not_o appear_v in_o the_o council_n but_o his_o countryman_n blame_v he_o for_o it_o say_v that_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v take_v notice_n of_o a_o dispute_n so_o ill_o ground_v or_o if_o he_o have_v speak_v of_o it_o it_o shall_v not_o have_v be_v to_o have_v desire_v a_o temper_n but_o to_o maintain_v his_o king_n right_a the_o emperor_n answer_v he_o that_o it_o belong_v not_o to_o he_o to_o decide_v the_o dispute_n between_o the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o spain_n but_o since_o he_o have_v desire_v he_o to_o speak_v his_o sense_n about_o it_o if_o your_o ambassador_n say_v he_o maintain_v their_o rank_n after_o i_o and_o that_o none_o take_v that_o place_n from_o they_o what_o do_v it_o import_v you_o what_o place_n be_v assign_v unto_o the_o spaniard_n a_o verdict_n ill_o take_v by_o the_o french_a who_o hold_v it_o to_o be_v of_o a_o dangerous_a consequence_n for_o in_o a_o order_n of_o sit_v who_o so_o leave_v his_o place_n say_v they_o be_v think_v to_o despise_v it_o and_o to_o ask_v a_o high_a which_o can_v be_v do_v without_o move_v a_o dispute_n against_o those_o that_o sit_v in_o a_o high_a seat_n the_o count_n of_o luna_n after_o that_o solemn_a entry_n be_v hide_v forty_o day_n and_o appear_v not_o in_o any_o ceremony_n of_o public_a action_n be_v in_o great_a perplexity_n how_o to_o behave_v himself_o sometime_o he_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o enter_v into_o the_o assembly_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o two_o ambassador_n of_o the_o emperor_n who_o be_v enjoin_v to_o bear_v he_o company_n and_o after_o they_o have_v take_v their_o place_n stand_v by_o they_o till_o his_o commission_n have_v be_v verify_v by_o the_o council_n and_o then_o retire_v to_o his_o house_n but_o consider_v that_o this_o will_v not_o be_v a_o generous_a maintain_n of_o his_o master_n honour_n he_o make_v mean_n that_o the_o french_a ambassador_n shall_v be_v desire_v not_o to_o appear_v in_o the_o assemby_n that_o day_n which_o be_v deny_v he_o he_o send_v some_o spanish_a bishop_n to_o the_o legate_n to_o propound_v unto_o they_o that_o the_o secular_a ambassador_n of_o prince_n shall_v not_o enter_v into_o the_o general_a congregation_n but_o the_o day_n of_o their_o reception_n but_o shall_v content_v themselves_o to_o be_v present_a at_o the_o ceremony_n the_o day_n of_o the_o session_n maintain_v that_o it_o have_v be_v so_o observe_v in_o the_o counsel_n before_o but_o all_o the_o ambassador_n of_o prince_n have_v oppose_v that_o motion_n he_o can_v obtain_v nothing_o again_o he_o cause_v some_o bishop_n to_o propound_v some_o point_n to_o the_o congregation_n at_o the_o discussion_n whereof_o the_o french_a ought_v not_o to_o be_v present_a as_o interest_v party_n for_o example_n to_o represent_v what_o damage_n will_v result_v to_o the_o whole_a church_n by_o a_o peace_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n with_o the_o hugonot_n or_o some_o such_o thing_n but_o all_o that_o be_v reject_v and_o the_o congregation_n be_v put_v off_o from_o day_n to_o day_n by_o his_o obstinacy_n in_o the_o end_n that_o the_o business_n of_o the_o council_n may_v not_o be_v retard_v the_o cardinal_n of_o lorraine_n and_o the_o french_a ambassador_n declare_v to_o the_o legate_n that_o if_o they_o may_v keep_v their_o place_n immediate_o after_o the_o emperor_n ambassador_n they_o do_v not_o care_n what_o place_n the_o ambassador_n of_o spain_n shall_v take_v the_o french_a to_o this_o day_n exclaim_v against_o that_o action_n of_o the_o cardinal_n and_o the_o french_a ambassador_n say_v that_o it_o be_v a_o great_a weakness_n and_o that_o they_o have_v betray_v their_o master_n honour_n yea_o the_o father_n of_o the_o council_n dislike_v it_o and_o when_o the_o cardinal_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr bourdesiere_n resident_n for_o the_o king_n of_o france_n by_o the_o pope_n complain_v to_o he_o of_o that_o spanish_a ambition_n and_o novelty_n introduce_v against_o all_o ancient_a order_n the_o pope_n it_o be_v pius_n the_o iv_o answer_v that_o he_o shall_v complain_v to_o the_o french_a ambassador_n who_o weakness_n he_o condemn_v say_v that_o although_o he_o have_v be_v solicit_v before_o and_o after_o the_o entry_n of_o count_n de_fw-fr luna_n into_o trent_n to_o favour_v that_o design_n he_o have_v remain_v constant_a and_o inflexible_a and_o that_o he_o wonder_v how_o the_o french_a have_v so_o easy_o yea_o so_o free_o yield_v the_o day_n of_o the_o congregation_n be_v come_v and_o each_o ambassador_n have_v take_v his_o place_n the_o count_n of_o luna_n enter_v stand_v over_o against_o the_o legate_n somewhat_o far_o from_o the_o ambassador_n seat_n present_v his_o order_n and_o declare_v his_o master_n will_n then_o he_o protest_v that_o although_o the_o first_o seat_n be_v due_a to_o he_o next_o to_o the_o imperial_a ambassador_n as_o represent_v the_o great_a prince_n of_o christendom_n the_o great_a prop_n of_o the_o church_n etc._n etc._n yet_o that_o he_o shall_v
by_o the_o emperor_n make_v a_o covenant_n with_o the_o king_n of_o sueden_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o their_o common_a friend_n oppress_v the_o safety_n of_o the_o commerce_n upon_o the_o sea_n &_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o empire_n the_o king_n of_o sueden_n promise_v the_o assistance_n of_o his_o arm_n and_o his_o person_n and_o the_o king_n of_o france_n a_o million_o of_o liver_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la hence_o follow_v the_o great_a victory_n of_o gustavus_n till_o he_o be_v slay_v at_o the_o battle_n of_o lutzen_n in_o novemb_v 1632._o an._n 1634._o the_o duke_n of_o orleans_n leave_v flanders_n and_o return_n to_o the_o king_n his_o brother_n iii_o paragraphe_n from_o the_o rupture_n of_o the_o peace_n till_o now_o these_o mutual_a offence_n be_v accumulate_v in_o the_o end_n break_v into_o open_a war_n it_o be_v declare_v by_o the_o french_a by_o a_o herald_n in_o flanders_n in_o may_n 1635._o that_o declaration_n be_v ground_v upon_o that_o old_a complaint_n that_o the_o spaniard_n aspire_v to_o the_o universal_a monarchy_n of_o europe_n and_o to_o devour_v all_o the_o prince_n thereof_o and_o because_o the_o spaniard_n vex_v the_o confederate_n of_o france_n with_o war_n but_o more_o particular_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o imprisonment_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o treves_n who_o have_v put_v himself_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o king_n lewis_n to_o all_o the_o complaint_n of_o the_o french_a the_o spaniard_n have_v their_o answer_n and_o have_v enough_o on_o their_o part_n to_o complain_v howsoever_o this_o war_n have_v produce_v many_o great_a exploit_n on_o both_o side_n in_o germany_n in_o italy_n in_o flanders_n in_o spain_n and_o though_o the_o fortune_n of_o war_n have_v alternative_a success_n yet_o france_n have_v hitherto_o the_o advantage_n of_o that_o bloody_a game_n have_v stretch_v her_o dominion_n beyond_o the_o rhine_n unite_a lorraine_n to_o the_o french_a crown_n get_v many_o town_n in_o flanders_n and_o artois_n perpignan_n and_o the_o county_n of_o roussillon_n and_o get_v a_o good_a foot_n in_o the_o duchy_n of_o milan_n beside_o catalonia_n which_o have_v submit_v herself_o to_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o france_n the_o great_a loss_n of_o the_o spaniard_n be_v that_o of_o portugal_n by_o the_o practice_n of_o france_n whereby_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n have_v lose_v brasill_n and_o the_o east-indies_n a_o appendix_n to_o the_o forego_n discourse_n show_v the_o dispute_n about_o the_o precedence_n at_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n between_o the_o ambassador_n of_o france_n and_o spain_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o before_o the_o formation_n of_o that_o great_a colossus_n of_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n about_o the_o year_n 1520._o the_o king_n of_o france_n be_v acknowledge_v the_o first_o of_o christendom_n next_o to_o the_o emperor_n the_o piece_n wherewith_o the_o greatness_n of_o spain_n be_v make_v up_o be_v province_n most_o of_o they_o feudatary_n of_o the_o empire_n or_o of_o france_n or_o of_o the_o pope_n all_o these_o late_o gather_v up_o but_o france_n be_v of_o a_o ancient_a entire_a and_o independent_a greatness_n the_o ambassador_n of_o charles_n the_o v._o have_v the_o precedence_n every_o where_n before_o those_o of_o france_n because_o he_o be_v emperor_n but_o in_o the_o year_n 1555._o when_o he_o resign_v that_o quality_n of_o emperor_n to_o his_o brother_n and_o his_o other_o quality_n and_o state_n to_o his_o son_n perceive_v that_o his_o son_n want_v the_o quality_n of_o emperor_n can_v not_o keep_v that_o pre-eminence_n he_o use_v this_o artifice_n a_o little_a before_o his_o retirement_n from_o the_o world_n he_o recall_v from_o venice_n his_o ambassador_n francisco_n de_fw-fr vargas_n who_o be_v a_o ambassador_n of_o the_o empire_n have_v a_o precedence_n before_o the_o french_a ambassador_n then_o after_o the_o resignation_n of_o his_o state_n he_o send_v the_o same_o vargas_n to_o venice_n again_o as_o ambassador_n for_o himself_o and_o his_o son_n joint_o although_o in_o effect_n charles_n be_v devest_v of_o his_o dignity_n vargas_n be_v ambassador_n of_o his_o son_n only_o hope_v thereby_o to_o deceive_v the_o venetian_n and_o other_o by_o send_v the_o same_o man_n vargas_n demand_v of_o the_o senate_n of_o venice_n the_o same_o precedence_n which_o he_o have_v before_o to_o which_o dominique_n bishop_n of_o lodeva_n ambassador_n of_o henry_n the_o two_o of_o france_n make_v opposition_n represent_v to_o the_o senate_n that_o charles_n be_v no_o more_o considerable_a in_o the_o world_n that_o when_o the_o ambassador_n of_o the_o emperor_n ferdinand_n shall_v appear_v he_o will_v yield_v to_o they_o but_o that_o he_o will_v not_o yield_v to_o the_o ambassador_n of_o philip_n but_o in_o all_o occasion_n of_o audience_n ceremony_n visit_n and_o the_o like_a he_o will_v take_v the_o first_o place_n till_o the_o come_n of_o the_o imperial_a ambassador_n the_o senate_n fear_v some_o ill_a issue_n of_o this_o dispute_n give_v order_n that_o the_o two_o ambassador_n shall_v not_o present_v themselves_o at_o the_o ceremony_n of_o the_o feast_n of_o st_n mark_n and_o so_o the_o matter_n remain_v undecided_a all_o the_o year_n 1557_o by_o the_o irresolution_n of_o that_o commonwealth_n and_o the_o simplicity_n of_o the_o french_a ambassador_n but_o in_o the_o year_n 1558._o francis_n de_fw-fr novailles_fw-fr bishop_n of_o ac_n have_v succeed_v that_o of_o lodeva_n renew_v the_o dispute_n and_o the_o ambassador_n of_o the_o emperor_n ferdinand_n be_v come_v he_o demand_v to_o be_v maintain_v in_o his_o right_n and_o to_o have_v the_o first_o place_n after_o the_o emperor_n ambassador_n and_o courageous_o take_v it_o before_o vargas_n who_o see_v that_o the_o policy_n of_o charles_n who_o die_v at_o the_o same_o time_n take_v no_o effect_n and_o that_o he_o be_v consider_v only_o as_o ambassador_n of_o philip_n begin_v to_o extol_v his_o master_n greatness_n and_o number_v his_o state_n and_o sovereignty_n which_o he_o possess_v in_o far_o great_a number_n than_o the_o king_n of_o france_n say_v that_o these_o custom_n of_o honour_n and_o precedence_n must_v alter_v according_a to_o the_o time_n that_o his_o master_n be_v the_o great_a king_n of_o the_o world_n far_o more_o able_a to_o assist_v the_o commonwealth_n with_o arm_n man_n and_o money_n than_o the_o king_n of_o france_n the_o bishop_n of_o ac_n stout_o resist_v he_o and_o obtain_v of_o the_o senate_n a_o order_n whereby_o the_o precedence_n be_v adjudge_v unto_o he_o above_o the_o ambassador_n of_o spain_n about_o which_o when_o the_o spaniard_n expostulate_v very_o earnest_o it_o be_v answer_v he_o that_o the_o commonwealth_n will_v not_o undertake_v to_o examine_v the_o greatness_n of_o their_o majesty_n but_o that_o they_o find_v in_o their_o record_n that_o in_o all_o act_v both_o public_a and_o private_a ceremony_n visit_n and_o audience_n the_o ambassador_n of_o france_n have_v precede_v those_o of_o spain_n and_o to_o that_o receive_a custom_n they_o will_v keep_v this_o answer_n offend_v philip_n who_o upon_o that_o call_v back_o his_o ambassador_n but_o micael_n surriano_n the_o venetian_a ambassador_n in_o his_o court_n defend_v the_o decree_n of_o the_o senate_n of_o venice_n and_o in_o some_o sort_n mitigate_v the_o displeasure_n of_o philip_n who_o yet_o in_o all_o occasion_n renew_v that_o dispute_n his_o great_a effort_n be_v four_o year_n after_o in_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n to_o understand_v the_o right_n of_o precedence_n of_o ambassador_n we_o must_v know_v that_o in_o the_o council_n there_o be_v three_o sort_n of_o assembly_n particular_a congregation_n general_a congregation_n and_o session_n in_o the_o private_a congregation_n the_o doctor_n assist_v with_o some_o bishop_n examine_v the_o question_n of_o faith_n and_o reformation_n and_o there_o no_o ceremony_n of_o precedence_n be_v heed_v in_o the_o general_a congregation_n all_o the_o prelate_n assemble_v 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