the authoritie of Frier Sauinorola carried it away who like a Prophet in the middest of their quietnesse foretolde them all the miseries of Italie by strangers to come The Pope is suspected to haue poisoned Gemin Ottoman being corrupted thereunto by the Turke for feare hee shoulde aide the French king against him after his conquest of Italie Lodouike Sforce and the Venetians seeing the incredible successe of king Charles feared now bondage to themselues and began to league together bringing thereunto the Pope the king of Romanes and the king of Spaine The Florentines were also dealt withall but what for feare and what for lothnesse to leese the traffike of Fraunce they helde backe Notwithstanding that the king heard of this league yet he caused himselfe to be crowned before hee woulde depart from Naples and treated verie earnest amitie with the Pope who made to him faire semblant and promise and yet he so little trusted the king that at his returne from Naples by Rome the Pope forsooke Rome and went secretly to Orbieta and from thence to Perugia and so to Ancona to haue commoditie of the sea if neede shoulde require The king in the mean time passed by Siena and Pisa and the confederates had a meaning to stop his passage into France but their hearts fayled them at the first After assembling an armie neere the riuer Taro vnder the conduct of the marques of Mantua they fought a long battell where the bastard of Burbon was slaine and the king almost taken prisoner had he not bene well horsed and yet in the ende the Frenchmen had the honour of the field at which time it was noted that the souldiers of Lodouike would not fight as though he had bene in as much danger of the Venetians as of the Frenchmens victorie The insolent gouernement of the Frenchmen who can better win then keepe became odious and consequently Ferdinand in hope to recouer Naples But at the first incounter his horse was slaine vnder him and himself had beene vndoubtedly slaine had not an olde page of his brother to the duke of Termini horsed him vpon his owne horse and suffred himselfe to be slaine for him a rare example in our time Within a while after the Neapolitans of themselues receyued Ferdinand and the Frenchmen retyre to the Castell Nouaria and other places are besieged by the king and the Bailie of Diuion who being willed by the king to send for ten thousand Switchers there came twentie thousand at the composition of Nouaria and a peace beginginneth to be treated betweene the king and Lodouike touching the which Monsieur de la Tremouille and the prince of Orange made two contrarie Orations and the duke of Orleance gainesayd the peace so earnestly that he gaue the prince of Orange the lie Howbeit the king and the greater part being inclined to peace and desirous to returne into France the king departed suddenly to Thurin for that the Swissers murmured threatning to take him prisoner for lacke of pay for that Lewis the eleuenth was woont euer to pay them for three moneths wherevnto the king was faine to yeelde though he were escaped himselfe out of their daungers for that they had taken prisoners the Bailie of Diuion and other Captaines At the time that the Frenchmen helde Naples the horrible disease of the pockes a thing then vncurable began in most pitifull vlcers and cankers The third Booke THis vnwise and sudden returne of king Charles put all Italie in hope to be at rest from any more such plagues and among the rest Lodouike thinking that he had so farre offended the king as it was but follie to keepe that peace which he neuer meant further then for the holding of Nouaria and for his own safetie searched forthwith some honest colour to slippe from the king and to set some other states at oddes with him which hee did with such successe that he termed himselfe The sonne of Fortune And yet within a while after hearing of the kings full resolution to returne againe into Italie he was marueilously perplexed insomuch that once againe he practised capitulations with the king wherein he would haue accorded euery article sauing that they could neuer trust one another by reason of the great iniuries secretly passed and yet certainly knowne Ferdinand in the meane time with all diligence bestirreth himselfe taketh Nuceria treateth with the Venetians who accept of his friendship and take Pisa into protection ioyneth with the Marques of Mantua and fought with Mont Pensier and his Switchers at Nuceria and by reason of the slacknes of king Charles who neither kept appointment in comming himselfe nor sending succours preuayled greatly in the kingdome of Naples But alas so destinie would he died in the middest of his hope and glorie without children according to the vision being the first king of that Realme within three yeeres whom his vncle Don Fredericke succeeded Lodouike seeing the French kings returne into Italy begin to wax cold he became verie iollie and thinking to serue his turne with the king of Romanes as he had done by the king of France that is to say to terrifie the great estates and in the meane time to gaine the smaller he perswaded with sixe hundred thousand ducats Maximilian to come into Italie Maximilian on the other side meant as subtilly as he secretly purposing to win the kingdome of Naples for Iohn heire to the king of Spaine his sonne in law which Lodouike perceyuing was sore astonished and yet in the end wan him to Fredericke The Venetians became now iealous of Maximilian and Lodouike and therefore sent Hannibal Bentiuole to Pisa and so much the rather for that they being troubled by Peter of Medices and otherwise and forsaken in their need by the Frenchmen were dealt withall by Lodouike to submit themselues to Maximilian The Pope thinking himselfe now to haue opportunitie to occupie the estates of the Vrsins the chiefe of them being detained at Naples declared Virginio and the rest rebels for taking solde of the French and so ioyning with the Colonoys assayled them on all sides to the displeasure of the Venetians who meant to gaine that familie but that in these daungerous times opportunitie serued not to fall out with the Pope Lodouike albeit that he professed himselfe altogether to the Venetians extolling Iohn Galeas the first duke of Millaine who made them executors of his testament and acknowledging that to their great charge thei had defended his estate yet his teeth so watred at Pisa which they had gotten that he caused the Pope the Emperor to perswade that it was necessarie to restore Pisa to Florence for feare of giuing cause of the French kings returne thinking vpon the restitution to get it himselfe but the Venetian ambassador impugned it with greater reasons At this time Aluiano assisted by the Guelphes sacked the houses of the Gibellins and slue Liii of the chiefe in the Popes territorie who nothing helped the matter but see the plague
much golde and siluer c. The duke Valentinoys about this time escaped out of prison to Naples where Gonsaluo taketh him and sendeth him captiue into Spaine and a truce is taken betweene the kings of Fraunce and Spaine Fredericke being out of hope of recouering his kingdome of Naples died and after him Queene Elizabeth of Spaine wherevpon some differences were like to arise betweene the Archduke and the Spanish king for the gouernement of Castilia About this time it may not be forgotten that Cardinall Hippolite of Esca being in loue with a yong damosel his kinswoman who made more account of his bastard brother asked her what was the cause why she so greatly loued a bastard and she answered his sweete and amiable eyes whereupon one day as he rid on hunting he caused his brother to dismount and commaunded his footmen in his presence to plucke out his eyes saying he liked no such companions in loue The seuenth Booke PHillip the archduke began to entitle himselfe king of Castile not being content that his father in law should gouerne hauing no better interest then the appointment of his wife when she lay in extremitie And the king of Romanes being hartned with the greatnes of his sonne purposeth to enter into Italie The French king hauing them al in ielousy though he were verie angry with the Pope for vsurping vpon the spiritual liuings in Millaine yet least he should stand alone he treateth with the Pope making quarrell to Venice for that he knew it a thing acceptable to him Phillip prepareth by sea to inuade Spaine and is by storme driuen into England where he is honorably receiued by Henrie the seuenth and newly furnished for his voyage vpon condition that he should deliuer the duke of Suffolke whom he had prisoner in the castell of Namures Phillip yeeldeth and requireth that he might not be put to death though he pretended right to the crowne whereunto king Henry the seuenth condiscended but Henrie the eight afterwarde strake off his heade Phillip goeth forward and by capitulation obtaineth the kingdome of Castile but dieth within a while after The French king is desirous to bee reuenged vpon Venice but first marrieth his daughter Madame Claude vnto Francis of Angolesme afterward king The Emperour treateth with the Venetians to passe through their territories to be crowned at Rome The Pope enterprised the recouerie of Bolognia vnder the conduct of the Marques of Mantua the Bolognians require ayde of the French king according to their protection but in fine the poore Bentiuoles in stead of a protection had a faire safe conduct of Monsieur Chaumont for which they payed dearly and lost the state to the Church The Geneuoys rebell against the French king and fell also at ciuil discord the Gibelines fauouring the Adornes and the Guelphes the Fregoses euery man desiring to bring the gouernment to his friendes Monsieur de Chaumont setteth vpon them and maketh them yeeld the towne to the discretion of the king who there entered in person and pardoned all sauing threescore Ferdinand king of Aragon and the French king appoynted a meeting at Sauona and there they put themselues one in anothers power as though there neuer had beene enmitie betweene them Where supping together none but the two kings and the Queene the French king would needes haue Gonsaluo make the fourth being in admiration of his fame his person his maiestie in gesture and speech After this tyme this great Captaine had neuer great occasion to exercise his vertue The ende of their great conference was that they two and the Emperour shoulde ioyne agaynst the Venetians The Emperour on the other side held a decree at Constance for the encountering of the French king in Italie and to that end treated with the Pope professing himselfe a protector of the Church and an enemie of the French vsurpation in Italie who meaned quoth he to make the Cardinall of Amboyse Pope and himselfe Emperour This troubled the king who was sure neither of the Pope nor of the Venetians and the Venetians were much perplexed whether they shoulde ioyne with the king or the Emperour to which poyntes Foskarin and Gritti made excellent orations In fine they answered the Ambassadour of the Emperour who demaunded passage that if he came armed he shoulde haue no passage if otherwise they shoulde doe him all honour possible He marcheth on notwithstanding and gaineth something but for want of good resolution looseth againe The eight Booke NOw do the Emperour and the Venetians fall to treatise of league which maketh all Italie more afraid then euer before which had beene alreadie greatly tormented by the ambition of princes and specially by the Venetians who made their profite of euery peace and euery warre and euen in this league with Caesar they demeaned themselues so cunningly that they nowe gaue cause both to the Emperour and the French king to ioyne together against them whereupon the Pope fayled not to encourage them insomuch that for the Emperour Madame Marguiret his daughter gouernesse of Flanders for the French king the Cardinall of Amboyse and for Spaine The Ambassador sware this league at Cambray The Venetians mistrusting false measure had their ambassadour there also to awaite what was done but the Cardinall sware so many othes that the French king his maister woulde keepe his league with Venice and that his meeting was to make peace betweene the Archduke and the duke of Guelders that hee made him and the Venetians verie secure This league was helde verie secrete but the Pope taking the aduauntage thereof demaunded of them Rimini and Fauentia which they had taken from the Church vttering that whereas the greatest princes in Christendome were ioyned agaynst them he would also ioyne if they denied him his demaund The Senate was deepely amazed and diuided in opinion touching the restitution and in fine were resolued to restore had not Treuisan a man of high estate next the duke most earnestly disswaded them which they repented for the Pope ratified the treatise of Cambray and so all Christendome in effect armed against them And besides that they had these euill signes and presages a shippe of theirs was drowned with tenne thousande ducats The Castell of Bresse was striken with thunder their tower of records suddenly fell downe their Arsenall was burnt twelue gallies their salt peter powder and munition was consumed The French king accompanied with the duke of Loraine and nobilitie of Fraunce passed the Alpes and sent Monsieur de Chaumont afore to set vpon them The Pope published a bull against them The French armie ouerthroweth their battaile at Gniaradadde taketh prisoner their chiefe Captaine Bartholomeo Aluiano who was wounded in the eye as for the other Captaine the Countie Petylian he stirred not nor would aduenture all vpon one day the which if hee had done it is thought hee had ouercome and yet his not venturing was not misliked These newes astonished almost vnto desperation the Venetians and yet
his head in respect whereof he treated amitie with the French King and hyred sixe thousand Swissers and in secret they concluded to diuide the kingdome of Naples In the meane time the French king taking the oportunitie of sturres in Spaine sent Monsieur Asperrot with a power easily without resistance recouered the kingdom of Nauarre And the Swissers refusing the amitie of Caesar ioyned with the French The Pope notwithstanding his league contracted with the French king ioineth also in league with the Emperor to defend Florence the Medici to recouer Millaine to Sforce and Parma and Placentia to the Church At that very instant on S. Peters day at Millaine there fell fire out of the ayre which tooke certaine barrels of powder which ouerthrew a fayre Marble tower and so shooke the castell and city of Millaine as a greater portent neuer chaunced vnto them The Pope had in solde the Marques of Mantua and Prospero Colonna and the king sent Monsieur Lautreck to defend Millaine by the helpe of the Venetians whose Captaines were Theodore Triuulcio Andrew Gritti who after they had skirmished to and fro with the other side about the riuer of Paw in the ende the Swissers hired by the Pope sayd that they were content to defend the states of the Church for which cause they were purposely hyred but agaynst the French King they would not march On the other side the Swissers that were with the French king departed without any bidding farewell or any worde speaking The popes army the Emperors marcheth on towards Millaine and at the first assault the Marques of Pescara Captain of the Spaniards maketh the Venetians to forsake the walles and Triuulcio is taken and al Millaine al Pauia and Lody diuerse other places yeeld crying out vpon the French and reioycing to become imperiall Now died pope Leo the tenth which no doubt much weakned the Emperor for that his money beganne and entertayned the warre in whose place was chosen Adrian the sixt a Flemming by the fauour of Caesar agaynst all their minds for that they thought a stranger of that Countrie and education not verie fit for Italie The duke of Vrbin recouereth his estate and with the helpe of Baillous asiegeth Siena And ten thousand Swissers of Lucerne contrarie to the minds of Surick Suith come ouer the mount Godard and Bernard into Lombardie to helpe the French king to recouer Millaine Prospero Colonna is as busie on the other side to defend it and Antonio de Leua to defend Pauia Mōsieur de Lautreck besiegeth it which he hopeth in time to get by famine but their industrie within deceyueth his hope Wherupon Lautreck retireth towards Fraunce and three thousand of his Swissers were slain at Bicoque by the emperiall armie Lody also and Gene were taken by them At Lucques at this time Poggio and Totty two men of noble familie vnder colour of priuate enmitie in the open palace slue the Gonfalonier of that citie but afterward were chased by the citizens Sagusanac Malateste vsurpeth vpon Rimini The xv Booke THe French King being euerie where at peace his returne into Italy is suspected and therfore Florence Geane Siena and Luca are taxed with great summes for the maintenance of a continuall armie to defend Naples and Millaine and Don Charles de Lanoy is made Viceroy of Naples The Pope taketh his iourney towards Rome and Charles the Emperour into Spaine and talketh with king Henrie of England by the way they two ioyntly sent Ambassadours to Venice to perswade them to leaue the amitie of the French king and to ioine with the Emperour The king of England moreouer sent an Herault to the French king to protest warre against him in case he would not make truce with the Emperour for three yeares the which woulde not be granted but the league betweene the Emperour and the Venetians succeded and touching the same two excellent orations were made by Andrew Gritti and George Cornare While christian princes were thus vndermining and vexing one another Soliman Ottoman the Turke in person with infinite power besieged the Rhodes the which though it were to the vttermost defended by the grand maister and the knights thereof yet by the negligence of the pope christian princes they were faine to yeeld and on Christmasse day the Turke in triumph entered and dedicated all the Churches to Mahomet The French kings armie being now passing the Alpes and himselfe readie in person to follow he discouered that the discontented duke of Burbon Constable of Fraunce was conspired with the Emperor the King of England and should marrie with Elenor the emperours sister widow of Emanuel late king of Portingale and that assoone as he was ouer the Alpes the duke of Burbon and the King of England should set vpon Fraunce and the duke should be King of Prouence and the King of England should haue the rest These newes though they appalled and stayed the Kings person yet did it breake the attempt and caused the duke to flie in a straunge weede first into la Franche Conte and after to Millaine In the meane time Pope Adrian dieth and the Cardinal de Medices is chosen calling himselfe Clement the seuenth The French armie being now passed the Alpes Monsieur de Boniuet a French Captain taketh Loda the rest of the French power being vnder the conduct of the Admirall before Millaine were not in great hope to take it but making diuerse skirmishes still came by the worst And shortly after retyred from thence in which meane space the noble Captain Prospero Colonna died The Pope refused to be of either side whereof the French King is glad the Emperour verie angrie for that he helped him to that dignitie The Emperials passe the riuer of Thesin and foyle the French in diuers places insomuch that they begin to abandon the duchie of Millaine but in warlike aray The Marques of Pescara followeth with light horses and Chabanes is slain and captaine Bayard is taken prisoner who died of his wounds and the Admirall returneth into Fraunce After which time the duke of Burbon counsailed the Emperour to turne the warres into Fraunce alledging that the desire the English king had to conquer that realme would much helpe him The King of England also much encouraged the Emperour thereunto but seeing the difficulties and charge for himselfe and being disswaded by the ambitious cardinall of Yorke who was secretly French he moued little The Emperor vpon this confidence maketh warre in Prouance the duke of Burbon and Marques Pescara being Captaines The duke would haue passed on into the bowels of France but the Marques other captaines would by no meanes from the seas but lay in siege before Marsiles fortie daies without profite And for that before their comming they hoped that the king of England would so haue fired the French king on his side that all his forces should haue bent that way that they should haue receiued money
out of Englande which both they failed of they thought it folly to go any farther or to abide til the king with his whole power and six thousand Swissers should come vpon them and therefore with speede returned into Italy wherewith the king being in heart followed as fast al in one day the king came to Verceil and the Marques of Pescara albeit forthwith it was agreed by the Viceroy and the rest that Antonio de Leua should defend Pauia and the other Millaine which was sore infected with the plague that they durst scarcely furnish it insomuch that the maine armie of Fraunce being at hand ere they could well prouide the captaine Alarcon was faine to leaue it and the King tooke it vsing al clemencie notwithstanding he knewe the French to be there hated From thence he besiegeth Pauia but could not take it and sendeth Stuart duke of Albany in Scotlant with a power to Naples The pope perswadeth them to peace The duke of Ferrara being come into the French kings protection helpeth him against Pauia but it is succored by the Emperials The pope the French captaines perswade the king to desist but he sayth he will either win or die At the length on S. Mathias day on which the Emperor was borne the Viceroy and the Marques of Pescara in well ordered battell ioyned with the King who fought nobly being hurt in the face and in the hand vntill his horse was slain vnder him and after was taken by fiue common souldiours that knew him not but in the end he discouered himselfe to the Viceroy who receyued him as prisoner to the Emperour Antonie de Leua in the meane time throwing downe so much of the wall of Pauia as an hundreth horses abrest might come through issued out and set on their backe spoiling and putting to flight all sauing the rereward of the duke of Alanson taking prisoner the king of Nauarre the bastard of Sauoy Montmorancie and others and manie of the Nobles and best captaines were there slaine The xvi Booke ALl the Potentates of Italie were nowe greatly dismaied with this taking of the king prisoner fearing the greatnes of the Emperour sepecially the Pope and next him the Venetians who treated a league with the Pope offering to ioyne in these common dangers to leuy ten thousand Swissers and a sufficient band of Italians not doubting the forwardnesse of my Ladie Regent of France to send the duke of Albany with sufficient succors and making sure account of the duke of Ferrara The viceroy on the other side was carefull to conuey the kings person into some place of suretie to make all sure to ioyne in amitie with the pope The Pope bit at the baite immediatly was full glad and treated to bring in the Venetians also but that would hardly be for that they would not drop so much money as the Viceroy demaunded The Pope sendeth the Bishop of Pistoia to visite comfort the French king The Emperour being in Spaine receyueth the newes of this victorie his confessour the Bishop of Oisme maketh an eloquent oration perswading him franckly and freely to deliuer the French king and that to be the most profitable honourable and sure way Fredericke duke of Alba spake to the contrarie with great vehemencie saying that to let him go were dangerous and to let him go most honorably were nothing to the Frenchmen who were insolent and light and made no regard of honour and therefore to make profite of him were the best way In fine the Emperour sent vnto him his great chamberlaine Monsieur de Beaucain to Pisqueton to comfort him to tell him that these were his conditions hee should depart with the soueraigntie of the dukedome of Burgundie to him he should depart with Prouance to the duke of Burbon with many other great things both for him and for the king of England The French king answered constantly that he would die in prison before he would diminish the crowne of Fraunce for all other things he would satisfie the Emperour with reason In the meane time the Ladie Regent of Fraunce employed all meanes possible and especially the Cardinall of Yorke to winne the king of England where all the feare was The Emperour on the other side sollicited the King of Englande to ioyne with him to conquer Fraunce but the King demaunded the whole kingdome in effect if it were conquered some other such conditions as gaue them cause to breake off The Imperials become insolent in Italie the French king is conueyed into Spaine imprisoned at Madril the duke of Burbon is sent for without whom the Emperor will make no agreement and being placed in the house of a great barron at the Emperors request he answered that he would obey for that he and all was at his commaundement But so soone as the duke were gone he would set it on fire with his owne hands least it should smell of the infection of a traitor There is now a conspiracie against the Emperour in Italy wherein the Marques of Pescara plaid a part at the first and after accused the rest dishonourably and shortly after died In the meane time the French king falleth extreamly sicke at Madril insomuch that the Emperor in person would haue visited him but his Chauncelor would not suffer him Within a while after the Emperour espouseth the infant of Portingale the French king recouereth health the Pope treateth for his deliuerance touching the which the great Chancellor and the Viceroy make two excellent orations After this shortly ensueth the treatise of Madril for the kings deliueraunce wherin was yeelded Burgūdie Charelois and so many other Countreys as they that heard it did thinke it would neuer be kept for assurance hereof the king was affianced to the Emperours sister Elconor and the Dolphin of Fraunce and the duke of Orleans were brought in a boat to the midst of the riuer that deuideth Spaine Fraunce and the king in another boate and at one instant they chaunged boates and the king hasted to land and had a Turkish horse readie with whom he rid in post to Bayon and there met with a messenger from the king of England which greatly comforted him vnto whom he confessed that he acknowledged the greatest cause of his deliuery to proceed from him and therfore he was for euer the English kings The xvii Booke ALthough both the Emperour and the King had sworne to the conditions set downe betweene them for his deliuerie and that the king farther sware to ratifie them so soone as he came into a place of libertie Neuerthelesse as soone as hee came to Bayon he answered the messenger that attended the ratification that he durst not performe such things as were preiudiciall to the crowne of France vntill he had wonne the minds of his subiects vnto it After that hee highly complained himselfe to all princes and estates of the Emperours seueritie as well touching the hard conditions as that hee