by feare of misery My mother Blanche a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 had wâ—…t to tell me whâ—…n I was a childe that the Syrens sung 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 in faire wether hhoping the later in the first and fearing the first in the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Our hope Not of vnhappinesse but vnhappy of the happinesse to come 〈◊〉 Gâ—… from Hee toucheth the Platomists controuersie some holding the soules giuen of GOD 〈◊〉 others that they were cast downe for their guilt and for their punnishment 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 k sportes of soules A diuersity of reading but let vs make good 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Of the state of the first man and man-kinde in him CHAP. 21. â—…rd question of Gods power to create new things without change of 〈◊〉 because of his eternitie being I hope sufficiently handled wee may 〈◊〉 that he did farre better in producing man-kinde from one man onely 〈◊〉 had made many for whereas he created some creatures that loue to be 〈◊〉 in deserts as Eagles Kites Lyons Wolues and such like and others 〈◊〉 rather liue in flockes and companies as Doues Stares Stagges a 〈◊〉 and such like yet neither of those sorts did hee produce of one alone 〈◊〉 many together But man whose nature he made as meane betweene Anâ—…asts that if hee obeyed the Lord his true creator and kept his hests 〈◊〉 be transported to the Angels society but if hee became peruerse in 〈◊〉 offended his Lord God by pride of heart then that hee might bee cast â—…h like a beast and liuing the slaue of his lusts after death bee destinate â—…all paines him did hee create one alone but meant not to leaue him â—…th-out another humaine fellow thereby the more zealously commendâ—… concord vnto vs men being not onely of one kinde in nature but also â—…dred in affect creating not the woman hee meant to ioyne with man â—…did man of earth but of man and man whom hee ioyned with her not of 〈◊〉 of himselfe that all man-kinde might haue their propagation from one L. VIVES 〈◊〉 Daâ—… in the diminutiue because it is a timorous creature neither wilde noâ—… 〈◊〉 God fore-knew that the first Man should sinne and how many people hee was to translate out of his kinde into the Angels society CHAP. â—…22 〈◊〉 was not ignorant that Man would sinne and so incurre mortallitye 〈◊〉 for him-selfe and his progenie nor that mortalls should runne on in 〈◊〉 of iniquitie that brute a beasts should liue at more attonement 〈◊〉 betweene them-selues whose originall was out of water and earth 〈◊〉 whose kinde came all out of one in honor of concord for Lyons neâ—… among them-selues nor Dragons as men haue done But God fore-saw 〈◊〉 that his grace should adopt the godly iustifie them by the holy spirit â—…ir sinnes and ranke them in eternall peace with the Angels the last 〈◊〉 dangerous death being destroyed and those should make vse of Godsâ—…g â—…g all man-kinde from one in learning how well God respected vnity in 〈◊〉 L. VIVES 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Any place will holde bruite-beasts without contention sooner then 〈◊〉 mâ—…n is Woolâ—…e to man as the Greeke Prouerbe saith Pliâ—… lib. 7. and all other â—…gree among them-selues and oppose strangers The sterne Lion fights not with 〈◊〉 nor doth the Serpent sting the Serpent the beasts and fishes of the sea aâ—… with their owne kinde But man doth man the most mischiefe Dicâ—… saith Tully wrote a booke of the death of men He is a free and copious Peripatetique and herein hauing reckned vp inondations plagues burning exceeding aboundance of beaâ—… and other externall causes he compares then with the warres and seditions wherewith man hath destroyed man and finds the later farre exceeding the former This warre amongst men did Christ desire to haue abolished and for the fury of wrath to haue grafted the heate of zeale and charity This should bee preached and taught that Christians ought not to bee as wars but at loue one with another and to beare one with another mens minds are already to forward to shed bloud and do wickedly they neede not be set on Of the nature of mans soule being created according to the image of God CHAP. 23. THerefore God made man according to his a image and likenesse giuing him a soule whereby in reason and vnderstanding hee excelled all the other creatures that had no such soule And when hee had made man thus of earth and either b breathed the soule which he had made into him or rather made that breath one which he breathed into him for to breath is but to make a breth then c out of his side did hee take a bone whereof he made him a wife and an helpe as he was God for we are not to conceiue this carnally as wee see an artificer worke vp any thing into the shape of a man by art Gods hand is his power working visible things inuisibly Such as measure Gods vertue and power that can make seedes of seeds by those daily and vsuall workes hold this rather for a fable then a truth But they know not this creation and therefore thinke vnfaithfully thereof as though the workes of ordinary conception and production are not strange to those that know them not though they assigne them rather to naturall causes then account them the deities workes L. VIVES HIs a Image Origen thinkes that man is Christs image and therfore the scripture calls man Gods image for the Sonne is the fathers image some thinke the Holy Ghost is ment in the simyly But truely the simyly consists in nothing but man and the likenesse of God A man saith Paul is Gods image It may be referred to his nature and in that he is Gods likenesse may be referred to his guifts immortallity and such wherein he is like God b Breathed It is a doubt whether the soule were made before infused after or created with the body Aug de gens ad lit li. 7. saith that the soule was made with the other spiritual substances infused afterwards and so interpreteth this place Hee breathed into his face the breath of life Others take it as though the soule were but then made and so doth Augustine here c Out of his Why the woman was made after the man why of his ribbe when he was a sleepe and how of his rib read Magister sentent lib. 2. Dist. 18. Whether the Angels may be called creators of any the least creature CHAP. 24. BVt here wee haue nothing to doe with a them that hold the diuine essence not to medle with those things at all But b those that follow Plato in affirming that all mortall creatures of which man is the chiefe were made by the lesser created Gods through the permission or command of the creator and not by him-selfe that framed the world let them but absure the superstition wherein thy seeke to giue those inferiors iust honors and sacrifices and they shall quickly avoid the error of this
the watry playnes g The Moone Porph. Naturall deor interpretat That in the Sunne saith he is 〈◊〉 that in the Moone Miuerua signifiyng wisdome h Worlds fire Ours that we vse on earth belonging as I say to generation Though herein as in all fictions is great diuersity of opiâ—…ons Phurnutus saith Vulan is the grosser fire that wee vse and Iupiter the more pure fire and Prudentius saith Ipse ignis qui nostrum seruit ad usum Vulcanus ac perhibetur et in virtute supernâ Fingitur ac delubra deus ac nomine et ore Assimulatus habet nec non regnare caminis Fertur Aeoliae summus faber esse vel Aetna The fire that serues our vse Hight Vulcan and is held a thing diuine Grac't with a stile a statue and a shrine The chimeys god he is and keepes they say Great shops in Aetna and Aeolia i onely Heauen Ennius Aspice hoc sublime candens quem inuocant omnes Iouem behold yond flaming light which each call Ioue k Get the starre In the contention for Lucifier or the day starre That Varro him-selfe held his opinions of the Gods to be ambiguous CHAP. 17. BVt euen as these cited examples do so all the rest rather make the matteâ—… intricate then plaine and following the force of opiniatiue error sway this way and that way that Varro himselfe liketh better to doubt of them then to deliuer this or that positiuely for of his three last bookes hauing first ended that of the certaine gods then hee came into that of the a vncertaine ones and there hee saith If I set downe ambiguities of these gods I am not blame worthy Hee that thinketh I ought to iudge of them or might let him iudge when he readeth them I had rather call all my former assertions into question then propound all that I am to handle in this booke positiuely Thus doth hee make doubts of his doctrine of the certaine gods aswell as the rest Besides in his booke of the select ones hauing made his preface out of naturall theology entring into these politique fooleries and mad fictions where truth both opposed him antiquity oppressed him here qd he I wil write of the gods to whom the Romaines haue built temples diuersity of statues bâ—… I wil write so as xenophanes b Colophonus writeth what I thinke not what I wil defend for man may thinke but God is he that knoweth Thus timerously he promiseth to speake of things not knowne nor firmely beleeued but only opinatiue doubted of being to speake of mens institutions He knew that ther was the world heauen and earth stars al those together with the whole vniuerse subiect vnto one powerfull and inuisible king this he firmely beleeued but hee durst not say that Ianus was the world or that Saturne was Ioues father and yet his subiect nor of the rest of this nature durst he affirme any thing confidently L. VIVES THe a Vncertaine Of these I haue spoken before now a little of the vnknowne for it is an error to hold them both one The territories of Athens had altars to many vokowne gods Actes 17. and Pausanias in Attic. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the altars of the vnâ—… gods These Epimenides of Creete found for the pestilence being sore in that country 〈◊〉 â—…d them to expiate their fields yet not declaring what god they should invoâ—… 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 expiation Epimenides beeing then at Athens bad them turne the cattell that they would offâ—… into the fields and the priests to follow them and where they staied there kill them and â—…er them to the vnknowne propiciatory God Therevpon arose the erection of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which continued euen vnto Laertius his time This I haue beene the willinger to 〈◊〉 â—…â—…cause of that in the Actes b Xenophanes Sonne to Orthomenes of Ionia where 〈◊〉 the Poet was borne Apolodorus out of Colophon Hee held all things incompreâ—… â—…nst the opinion of Laërtius Sotion Eusebius following Sotion saith hee did hold 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 sences salfe and our reason for company he wrote of the gods against Homer and Heâ—… There was another Zenophanes a lesbian and a Poet. The likeliest cause of the propagation of paganisme CHAP. 18. OF all these the most credible reason is this that these gods were men that by the meanes of such as were their flatterers a had each of them rites and sacrifices ordained for them correspondent vnto some of their deedes manners wittes fortunes and so forth and that other men rather diuells sucking in these errors and delighting in their ceremonies nouelties so gaue them their propagation beeing furthered with poetiall fictions and diabolicall illusions For it were a likelier matter that an vngratious sonne did feare killing by as vngratious a father and so expelled him from his kingdome then that which hee saith that Ioue is aboue Saturne because the efficient cause which iâ—… â—…es is before the materiall which is Saturnes For were this 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 should neuer haue beene before Ioue nor consequently his faâ—…â—…or the cause goeth alwaies before the seede but the seede neuer geâ—… the cause But in this endeauor to honour the vaine fables or impiâ—… of men with naturall interpretations their most learned men are 〈◊〉 into such quandaries that wee cannot choose but pitty their vanity asâ—… 〈◊〉 the others L. VIVES 〈◊〉 a each In this place the Copies differ but our reading is the most authenâ—… and most ancient Some Copies leaue out By the meanes of such as were their 〈◊〉 But it is not left out in the olde manuscripts wee reade it as antiquitie leauâ—… 〈◊〉 The interpretations of the worship of Saturne CHAP. 19. Sâ—… say they deuoured all his children that is all seedes returne to 〈◊〉 earth from whence they came and a clod of earth was laide in steed of 〈◊〉 for him to deuoure by which is meant that men did vse to bury their 〈◊〉 in the earth before that plowing was inuented So then should Saturne bâ—… called the earth it selfe and not the seedes for it is the earth that doth as 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 deuoure the owne of-spring when as the seedes it produceth are all returned into it againe But what correspondence hath mens couering of corne with cloddes vnto the laying of Saturne a clod in steed of Ioue is not the corne which is couered with the clod returned into the earthes wombe as well as the rest For this is spoken as if hee that laid the clod tooke away the seede Thus say they by the laying of this clod was Ioue taken from Saturne when as the laying of the clod vpon a seede maketh the earth to deuoure it the sooner Againe beeing so Ioue is the seed not the seedes cause as was sayd but now But these mens braines runne so farre a stray with those fond interpretations that they know not well what to say A sickle hee beareth for his husbandry they say Now in a his raigne was not husbandry inuented and therefore as our author interpreteth the
togither held they almost continuall warre with the Veientes Liuius lib. 5. Plutarche in Camillus his life This Camillus being said to haue dealt vniustly in sharing the Veientane spoils amongst the people L. Apuleius cited him to a day of hearing But hee to auoide their enuie though innocent of that he was charged with got him away to liue at Ardea in exile This fell out two years before the Galles tooke Rome i ten thousand Liuy saith he was fined in his absence at 15000. Assis grauis Plutarch at 15000. Assium Aes And Assis graue was al one as my Budeus proues k being soone after The Galles hauing taken Rome Camillus hauing gathered an army together of the remainder of the Allian ouerthrow was released of his exile in a counsell Curiaté made Dictator by them that were besieged in the Capitoll At first hee expelled the Galles out of the Cittie and afterwards in the roade way to Gabii eight miles from the Citty hee gaue them a sore ouer-throw Liu. lib. 5 Thus this worthy man choose rather to remember his countries affliction then his owne priuate wronge beeing therefore stiled another Romulus l the great ones These mischieues were still on foote for very neere fiue hundred yeares after the expelling of their kings the Patritians and the Plebeyans were in continuall seditions and hatreds one against another and both contending for soueraignty which ambition was kindeled in the people by a few turbulent Tribunes and in the nobles by a sort of ambitious Senatours and hereof doth Lucan sing that which followeth Et 〈◊〉 consulibuâ—… turbantes iura Tribuni Tribunes and Consulls troubling right at once What the history of Saluste reports of the Romains conditions both in their times of daunger and those of security CHAP. 18. THerefore I will keepe a meane and stand rather vnto the testimony of Salust himselfe who spoke this in the Romaines Praise whereof we but now discoursed that iustice and honesty preuailed as much with them by nature as by lawe extolling those times wherein the citty after the casting out of her kings grew vp to such a height in so small a space Notwithstanding al this this same author confesseth in a the very beginning of the first booke of his history that when the sway of the state was taken from the Kings and giuen to the Consuls b within a very little while after the citty grew to be greatly troubled with the oppressing power of the great ones and c the deuision of the people from the fathers vpon that cause and diuers other daungerous dissentions for hauing recorded how honestly and in what good concord the Romaines liued together d betwixt the second warre of Africa and the last and hauing showed that it was not the loue of goodnesse but the feare and distrust of the Carthaginians might and perâ—…ideousnesse that was cause of this good order and therfore that vpon this Nasica would haue Carthage stand stil vndemolished as a fit meane to debarre the entrance of iniquity into Rome and to keepe in integrity by feare he addeth presently vpon this these words e But discord auarice ambition and all such mischiefes as prosperity is midwife vnto grew vnto their full light after the destruction of Charthage intimating herein that they were sowne continued amongst the Romains before which he proues in his following reason For as for the violent offensiuenesse of the greater persons saith he and the diuision betwixt the Patricians and the Plebeians thence arising those were mischiefes amongst vs from the beginning nor was there any longer respect of equity or moderation amongst vs then whilest the kings were in expelling and the citty and state quit of Tarquin and the f great war of Hetruria Thus you see how that euen in that little space wherein after the expulsion of their Kings they embraced integrity it was onely feare that forced them to do so because they stood in dread of the warres which Tarquin vpon his expulsion being combined with the Hetrurians waged against them Now obserue what Salust addeth for after that quoth he the Senators bgan to make slaues of the people to iudge of heades g shoulders as bloudily imperiously h as the â—…ings did to chase men from their possessions only they of the whole crue of factions 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 â—…rial sway of al With which outrages chiefely with their extreame taxes and â—…tions the people being sore oppressed maintaining both soldiours in continuall armes and paying tribute also besides at length they stept out tooke vp armes and drew to 〈◊〉 head vpon Mount Auentine and Mount Sacer. And then they elected them 〈◊〉 and set downe other lawes but the second warre of Africa gaue end to these 〈◊〉 on both sides Thus you see in how little a while so soone after the expelling of their Kings the Romaines were become such as hee hath described them of whom notwithstanding he had affirmed that Iustice and honestie preuailed as much with them by nature as by lawe Now if those times were found to haue beene so depraued wherein the Romaine estate is reported to haue beene most vncorrupt and absolute what shall wee imagine may then bee spoken or thought of the succeeding ages which by a graduall alteration to vse the authors owne words of an honest and honorable citie became most dishonest and dishonorable namely after the dissolution of Carthage as hee himselfe relateth How he discourseth and describeth these times you may at full behold in his historie and what progresse this corruption of manners made through the midst of the Cities prosperitie euen k vntill the time of the ciuill warres But from that time forward as hee reporteth the manners of the better sort did no more fall to decay by little and little but ranne head-long to ruine like a swift torrent such excesse of luxurie and auarice entring vpon the manners of the youth that it was fitly said of Rome that she brought forth such l as would neither keepe goods them-selues nor suffer others to keepe theirs Then Salust proceeds in a discourse of Sylla's villanies and of other barbarous blemishes in the common-wealth and to his relation in this do all other writers agree in substance though m they bee all farre behinde him in phrase But here you see and so I hope doe all men that whosoeuer will obserue but this shall easilie discouer the large gulfe of damnable viciousnesse into which this Citty was fallen long before the comming of our heauenly King For these things came to passe not onely before that euer Christ our Sauiour taught in the flesh but euen before he was borne of the Virgin or tooke flesh at all Seeing therefore that they dare not impute vnto their owne gods those so many and so great mischiefes eyther the tolerable ones which they suffered before or the fouler ones which they incurred after the destruction of Carthage howsoeuer their gods are the engraffers of such maligne opinions in
that Phygian Troy namely of the Albians the Lauinians both which nations descended from the Troians that accompanied Aeneas d Homer reported at what time Rome was built or at what time Homer liued the auncient writers do not iustly and vniformely define though the first be lesse dubitable then the latter Plutarch in the life of Romulus saith that hee and Remus first founded the walles in the third yeare of the sixt Olimpiad on which day was an eclips of the moone Dionisius and Eusebius say the 1. yeare of the 7. Olympiade after the destruction of Troy CCCCXXXII yeares Solin in Polihist Cincius will haue it built in the twelth Olympiad Pictor in the eighth Nepos and Luctatius to whom Eratosthenes and Apollodorus agree the seauenth Olympiade the second yeare Pomponius Atticus and Tully the seauenth and the third yeare therefore by all correspondency of the Greeke computations to ours it was built in the beginning of the seauenth Olympiad CCCCXXXIII yeares after the ruine of Troy About Homers time of liuing his country and his parentage the Greeke writers keepe a great adoe Some say he was present at the warres of Troy Indeed he himselfe brings in his Phemius singing in the banquet of the wooers Odissi But whether he do it through an ambitious desire to grace his Mr. in beyond the reach of the time or no it is doubtful Others say he liued not vntil an hundred yeares after this warre of Phrigia and some there bee that ad fifty more vnto the number Aristarchus gives him to those times about which there was a Colonye planted in Ionia sixty yeares after the subuersion of the Heraclidae CXXX yeares after the Troians warrs Crates thinketh that there was not foure-score yeares betweene the demolishing of Troy and the birth of Homer Some affirme him to haue beene sonne to Telemachus Vlisses his sonne and Tolycasta daughter to Nestor In the cronicle of Eusebius Bishop of Caesarea we find this recorded We find saith he in the latine history that Agrippa reigning amongst the Latines Homer florished amongst the Greekes as Appollodorus the Grammarian and Euphorbeus the Historiographer do both testifie CXXIIII yeares before the building of Rome and as Cornelius Nepos saith before the fiâ—…st Olympiade an C. yeares Howsoeuer then it fall out Homer was before the building of Rome which Tully also doth beare witnesse of in his Quaestiones Tusculanae e Uirgill declareth Aeneid 5. Pelidae tunc ego fâ—…rti Congressum Aeneam nec diis nec viribus aequis Nube caua eripui cuperem cum vertere ab imo Structa meis maâ—…ibus periturae maenia Troiae c. Then in an hollow cloud I sau'd him when he combatted that Greeke Though hauing neither fate nor force alike Then when mine ownâ—… worke Troy I sought to raze c. f for thankes and thankelesse Gratis ingratis that an aduerbe this an adiectiue g Neptune Neptune after that Laomedon had thus cheated him was alwayes a heauy enemy of the Troyans But Apollo being more gentle and remisse was as good friends with them as before Virgill Aeneid 6. Phaebe graues Troiae semper miscrate labâ—…res Dardana qui Paridis direxti â—…ela manusque Corpus in Acacidae c. Phaebus that alwaies pitied Troies distresse And gâ—…ue the hand of Paris good successe Against Achilles life c. h the senators by the Semprnoian law which Caius Gracchus preferred the Gentlemen of Rome had the iudging all causes twenty yeares together without any note of infamy and then by the law Plautian were selected fifteene out of euery tribe by the suffrages of the people to be iudges for that yeare this was done in the second yeare of the Italian warre Cn. Pompeius sonne to Sextus and L. Cato being consuls Afterwards the law Cornelian which Silla instituted the authority was reduced to the senat who iudged ten yeares together most partially and most corruptedly When the greater sort iudged saith Tully against Verres there was great complaning of vniust indgements Last of all by the law Aurelian preferred by M Aurelius Cotta being praetor both senat and people combined had the hearing and censuring of causes i the people Lucane in his first booke Hinc raptifasces precio sectorque fauoris Ipse sui populus lethalisque ambitus vrbi Annua venali referens certamima campo Hence coyne Fought consulships through this deiection The people sold their voices this infection Fild Mars his field with strife at each election k But heapt vp for the iudges were sworne to iudge truly and the people before they gaue their voices were sworne at a sacrifice not to hold any reward or fauour of the worth of the commonwealths estate and safety That the gods could not iustly be offended at the adultry of Paris vsing it so freely and frequently themselues CHAP. 3. WHerefore there is no reason to say that these gods who supported the empire of Troy were offended with the Troians periury when the Greekes did preuaile against all their protections Nor is it as some say in their defence that the anger at Paris his a adultery made them giue ouer Troyes defence for it is their custome to practise sinne them-selues and not to punish it in others b The Troians saith Salust as I haue heard were the first founders inhabitants of Rome those were they that came away with Aeneas and wandered without any certaine abode If Paris his fact were then to be punished by the gods iudgements it was either to fall vpon the Troians or else vpon the Romaines because c Aeneas his mother was chiefe agent therein But how should they hate it in Paris when as they hated it not in Venus one of their company who to omit her other pranks committed adultery with Anchifes and by him was begotten d Aeneas Or why should his falt anger Menelus and hers e please Vulcane I do not thinke the gods such abasers of their wiues or of themselues as to vouchsafe mortall men to partake with them in their loues Some perhaps will say I scoffe at these fables and handle not so graue a cause with sufficient grauity why then if you please let vs not beleeue that Aeneas is sonne to Venus I am content so f that Romulus likewise be not held to be Mars his sonne g If the one be so why is not the other so also Is it lawfull for the gods to medle carnally with women and yet vnlawfull for the men to meddle carnallie with Goddesses a hard or rather an incredible condition that what was lawfull for Mars h by Venus her law should not be lawfull for Venus by her owne law But they are both confirmed by the Romain authority for i Caesar of late beleeued no lesse that k Venus was his grand-mother then l Romulus of old beleeued that Mars was his father L. VIVES PAris his a adultery This I thinke is knowne to all both blind men and barbers as they say that the warres of Troy arose about
Alexander Paris his rape of Hellen wife vnto Menelaus b the Troians at what time and by whom Rome was built Dionisius Solinus Plutarch and diuers others discourse with great diuersity he that will know further let him looke in them c Aeneas his mother for Paris vsed Venus as his baud in the rape of Hellen and Ueâ—… in the contention of the goddesses for beauty corrupted the iudgement of Paris with promise of Hellen d Aeneas he was sonne to Anchises and Uenus Uirgil Tunc ille Aeneas quem Dà rdanio Anchisa Alma Venus Phryg as gâ—…nuit Syâ—…oeÌ„ntis od vnâ—…s Art thou that man whom beaâ—…teous Uenus bore got by 〈◊〉 on smooth Symois shore And Lucretius Aeneadum genitrix hominum diuumque volâ—…ptas Alma Venus Mother t' Aâ—…eas liue the gods delight Faire Uenus e Vulcan Husband vnto Venus f Romulus not be Dionysius Ilia a Vestal Virgin going to Mars his wood to fetch some water was rauished in the Church some say by some of her sutors some by her vncle Amulius being armed others by the Genius of the place But I thinke rather that Romulus was the son of some soldiar and Aeneas of some whore and because the soldiars are vnder Mars and the whores vnder Venus therefore were they fathered vpon them Who was Aeneas his true mother is one of the sound questions that the grammarians stand vpon in the foure thousand bookes of Dydimus as Seneca writeth g If the one bee so Illud and illud for hoc and illud a figure rather Poeticall then Rhetoricall h By Venus her law A close but a conceited quippe Mars committed adultery with Venus This was lawfull for Mars by Venus lawe that is by the law of lust which Venus gouerneth then why should not the same priuiledge in lust bee allowed to Venus her selfe beeing goddesse thereof that which is lawfull to others by the benefit of Venus why should it not bee permitted to Venus to vse her selfe freely in her owne dominion of lust seeing she her-selfe alloweth it such free vse in others i Caesar This man was of the Iulian family who was deriued from Iulus Aeneas his sonne and so by him to Venus This family was brought by King Tullus from Alba longa to Rome and made a Patrician family Wherefore Caesar beeing dictator built a temple to Venus which hee called the temple of mother Uenus my Aunt Iulia saith Caesar in Suetonius on the mothers side is descended from Kings and on the fathers from gods For from Anâ—…us Martius a King the Martii descended of which name her mother was and from Venus came the Iulii of which stocke our family is sprung k His grand-mother Set for any progenitrix as it is often vsed l Romulus of old And Caesar of latâ—… because of the times wherein they liued being at least sixe hundred yeares distant Of Varro's opinion that it is meete in policy that some men should faigne themselues to be begotten of the gods CHAP. 4. BVt doe you beleeue this will some say not I truly For Varro one of their most learned men doth though faintly yet almost plainely confesse that they all are false But that it is a profitable for the citties saith he to haue their greatest men their generalls and gouernours beleeue that they are begotten of gods though it be neuer so false that their mindes being as illustrate with part of their parents deitie may bee the more daring to vndertake more seruent to act and so more fortunate to performe affaires of value Which opinion of Varro by me here laid downe you see how it opens a broad way to the falshood of this beleefe and teacheth vs to know that many such fictions may be inserted into religion whensoeuer it shall seeme vse-full vnto the state of the city to inuent such fables of the gods But whether Venus could beare Aeneas by Anchises or Mars beget Romulus of Syluta b Numitors daughter that we leaue as we find it vndiscussed For there is almost such a question ariseth in our Scriptures Whether the wicked angells did commit fornication with the daughters of men and whether that therevpon came Giants that is huge and powrefull men who increased and filled all the earth L. VIVES IT is a profitable It is generally more profitable vnto the great men themselues who hereby haue the peoples loue more happily obliged to them This made Scipio that he would neuer seeke to change that opinion of the people who held that hee was begot by some god and Alexander in Lucian saith it furthered him in many great designes to bee counted the sonne of Iupiter Hamon For hereby he was feared and none durst oppose him that they held a god 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 saith he 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Barbarians obserued mee with reuerence and amazement and none durst with-stand mee thinking they should warre against the gods whose confirmed sonne they held mee b Numitors daughter Numitor was sonne to Procas the Albian King and elder brother to Amulius But being thrust by his brother from his crowne he liued priuately Amulius enioying the crowne by force and fraude Numitor had Lausus to his sonne and Rhea or Ilia Syluia to his daughter the boy was killed the daughter made Abbesse of the Vestals by Amulius meaning by colour of religion to keepe her from children-bearing who not-with-standing had two sonnes Romulus and Remus by an vnknowne father as is afore-said That it is altogether vnlikely that the gods reuenged Paris his fornication since they permitted Rhea's to passe vnpunished CHAP. 5. WHerefore now let vs argue both the causes in one If it be certaine that wee read of Aeneas and Romulus their mothers how can it bee that the gods should disallow of the adulteries of mortall men tollerating it so fully and freely in these particulars If it be not certaine howsoeuer yet cannot they distaste the dishonesties of men that are truly acted seeing they take pleasure in their owne though they be but faigned Besides if that of Mars with Rhea be of no credit why then no more is this of Venus with Anchises Then let not Rhea's cause be couered with any pretence of the like in the gods She was a virgin Priest of Vesta and therefore with farre more iustice should the gods haue scourged the Romaines for her offence then the Troians for that of Paris for the a ancient Romaines them-selues did punish such vestalls as they tooke in this offence by burying them quick b neuer censuring others that were faultie in this kind with death but euer with some smaller penalty so great was their study to correct the offences of persons appertaining to religion with all seuerity aboue others L. VIVES THE a ancient If a virgin vestall offended but lightly the high Priest did beate her but being conuicted of neglect of chastitie or whoredome shee was caried in a coffin to the gate Collina as if shee went to buriall all her friends and
Iuno for all that shee was now as her husband was good friends with the Romaines nor Venus could helpe her sonnes progenie to honest and honorable mariages but suffered this want to growe so hurtfull vnto them that they were driuen to get them wiues by force and soone after were compelled to go into the field against their wiues owne fathers and the wretched women beeing yet scarcely reconciled to their husbands for this wrong offered them were now endowed with their fathers murthers and kindreds bloud but in this conflict the Romaines had the lucke to be conquerors But O what worlds of wounds what numbers of funerals what Oceans of bloudshed did those victories cost for one onely father a in lawe Caesar and for one onely sonne in law Pompey the wife of Pompey and daughter to Caesar being dead with what true feeling and iust cause of sorrow doth Lucane crie out Bella per Emathios plus quam ciuilia campos â—…usque datum sceleri canimus Warres worse then ciuill in th' b Emathian plaines And right left spoile to rage we sing Thus then the Romaines conquered that they might now returne and embrace the daughters with armes embrued in the bloud of the fathers nor duâ—…st the poore creatures weepe for their slaughtered parents for feare to offend their conquering husbands but all the time of the battle stood with their vowes in their mouthes c and knew not for which side to offer them Such mariages Bellona and not Venus bestowed vpon the Romaines or perhaps d Alecto that filthy hellish furie now that Iuno was agreed with them had more power vpon their bosomes now then shee had then when Iuno entreated her helpe against Aeneas Truly e Andromacha's captiuitie was farre more tollerable then these Romaine mariages for though she liued seruile yet Pyrrhus after hee had once embraced her would neuer kill Troian more But the Romaines slaughtered their owne step fathers in the field whose daughters they had already enioyed in their beds Andromacha's estate secured her from further feares though it freed her not from precedent sorrowes But these poore soules being matched to these sterne warriours could not but feare at their husbands going to battell and wept at their returne hauing no way to freedome either by their feares or teares For they must either in piety bewaile the death of their friendes and kinsfolkes or in cruelty reioice at the victories of their husbands Besides as warres chance is variable some lost their husbands by their fathers swords and some lost both by the hand of each other For it was no small war that Rome at that time waged It came to the besieging of the citty it selfe and the Romaines were forced to rely vppon the strength of their walls and gates which f being gotten open by a wile and the foe being entred within the wals g euen in the very market-place was there a most wofull and wicked battell struck betwixt the fathers in law and the sons And here were the rauishers coÌ„quered maugre their beards and driuen to flye into their owne houses to the great staine of all their precedent though badly and bloudily gotten h conquests for here Romulus him-selfe dispairing of his soldiors valors i praid vnto Iupiter to make them stand and k here-vpon got Iupiter his sur-name of Stator l Nor would these butcheries haue euer beene brought vnto any end but that the silly rauished women came running forth with torne and disheueled haire and falling at their parents feete with passionate intreaties insteed of hostile armes appeased their iustly inraged valors And then was Romulus that could not indure to share with his brother compelled to diuide his Kingdom with Tatius the King of the Sabines but m how long would he away with him that misliked the fellowship of his owne twin-borne brother So Tatius being slaine he to become the greater Deity tooke possession of the whole kingdome O what rights of mariage were these what firebrands of war what leagues of brother-hood affinity vnion or Deity And ah what n liues the cittizens lastly led vnder so huge a bed-roll of gods Guardians You see what copious matter this place affordeth but that our intention bids vs remember what is to follow and falles on discourse to other particulars L. VIVES FAther in law a Caesar Iulia the only daughter of C. Caesar was married vnto Cn. Pompeius the great Shee died in child-bed whilst her father warred in France And after that he and his sonne in law waged ciuils wars one against another b Emathian That which is called Macedonia now was called once Emathia Plin. lib. 4. There did Pompey and Caesar fight a set field c And knew not Ouid Fastor 3. hath these wordes of the Sabine women when the Romaines battell and theirs were to ioine Mars speaketh Conueniunt nuptae dictam Iunonis in aedem Quas inter mea sic est nurus ausa loqui O pariter raptae quoniam hoc commune tenemus Non vltra lentae possumus essepiae Stant acies sed vtradij sunt pro parte rogandi Eligite hinc coniunx hinc pater arma tenet Querendum est viduae fieri malitis an orbae c. The wiues in Iunoes church a meeting make Where met my daughter thus them all be spake Poore rauisht soules since all our plights are one Our zeale ha's now no meane to thinke vpon The batails ioine whom shall we pray for rather Choose here a husband fights and there a father Would you be spouselesse wiues or fatherlesse c. e Or perhaps Alecto The 3. furies Alecto Magera Tisiphone are called the daughters of night Acheron Alecto affects yâ— hart with ire hate tumult sedition clamors war slaughters Tâ—… pâ—…es unaâ—…s arâ—…re in prâ—…lia â—…ratres 〈◊〉 â—…is verâ—…re dâ—…s T is thou can make sworne bretheren mortall foes Confounding hate with hate Saith Iuno to Alecto stirring her vp against the Troians Aeneid 7. e Andromache Hectors wife daughter to Tetion King of Thebes in Cilicia Pyrrhus married her after the destruction of Troye f Beeing gotte open Sp. Tarpeius was Lieutenant of the Tower whose daughter Tarpeia Tatius the Sabine King with great promises allured to let in his souldiors when shee went out to fetch water Shee assented vpon condition that shee might haue that which each of his souldiors wore vpon his left arme Tatius agreed and being let in the Soldiours smothered the maide to death with their bucklers for them they wore on their left armes also whereas shee dreamed onely of their golden bracelets which they bore on that arme Plutarch out of Aristides Milesius saith that this happened to the Albanes not to the Sabines In Parallelis But I do rather agree with Liuie Fabius Piso and Cincius of the Latine writers and Dionysius of the Greekes g In the very market place Betweene the Capitoll and Mount Palatine h Conquests Not of the Sabines but of the Ceninensians the Crustumerians and the Attennates i Praid
his Inuectiues hee saith plainly It is our good-will and fame that hath made Romulus this Citties founder a God To shew that it was not so indeed but onely spred into a reporte by their good-will to him for his worthe and vertues But in his Dialogue called k Hortensius disputing of regular Eclipses hee saith more plainely To produce such a darkenesse as was made by the Eclipse of the Sunne at Romulus his death Here he feared not to say directly his death by reason hee susâ—…ained the person of a disputant rather then a Panegyricke But now for the other Kings of Rome excepting Numa and Ancus Martius that dyed of infirmities what horrible ends did they all come to Hostilius the subuerter of Alba as I sayd was consumed together with his whole house by lightning l Tarquinius Priscus was murthered by his predecessors sonnes And Seruius Tullius by the villanie of his sonne in lawe Tarquin the proude who succeeded him in his kingdome Nor yet were any of the gods gone from their shrines for all this so haynous a parricide committed vpon this so good a King though it bee affirmed that they serued wretched Troye in worse manner in leauing it to the licentious furie of the Greekes onely for Paris his adulterie Nay Tarquin hauing shedde his father in lawes bloud seazed on his estate himselfe This parricide gotte his crowne by his step fathers murder and after-wards glorying in monstrous warres and massacres and euen building the Capitoll vp with hence-got spoiles This wicked man the gods were so far from â—…or saking that they sat and looked on him nay and would haue Iupiter their principall to sit and sway all things in that stately temple namely in that blacke monument of parricide for Tarquin was not innocent when he built m the Capitoll and for his after-guilt incurred expulsion No foule and inhumaine murder was his very ladder to that state whereby he had his meanes to build the Capitol And n whereas the Romains expelled him the state and Citty afterwards the cause of that namely Lucresses rape grew from his sonne and not from him who was both ignorant and absent when that was done for then was he at the siege of Ardea and a fighting for the Romaines good nor know we what he woold haue done had he knowne of this fact of his sonne yet without all triall or iudgement the people expelled him from his Empire and hauing charged his army to abandon him tooke them in at the gates shut him out But he himselfe after he had plagued the Romaines by their borderers meanes with eztreame warres and yet at length being not able to recouer his estate by reason his friends fayled him retired himselfe as it is reported vnto o Tusculum a towne fourteene miles from Rome and there enioying a quiet and priuat estate liued peaceably with his wife and died farre more happily then his Father in law did who fell so bloudily by his meanes and p his owne daughters consent as it is credibly affirmed and yet this Taquin was neuer surnamed cruell nor wicked by the Romaines but the Proud it may be q because their owne pride would not let them beare with his As for the crime of killing that good King his Step-father they shewed how light they made of that in making him murder the King wherein I make a question whether the gods were not guilty in a deeper manner then he by rewarding so highly a guilt so horrid and not leauing their shrines all at that instant when it was done vnlesse some will say for them that they staid still at Rome to take a deeper reuenge vpon the Romaines rather then to assist them seducing them with vaine victories and tossing them in vnceasing turmoiles Thus liued the Romaines in those so happy times vnder their Kings euen vntil the expelling of Tarquine the proud which was about two hundred forty and three yeares together paying so much bloud and so many liues for euery victory they got and yet hardly enlarging their Empire the distance of r twenty miles compasse without the walles How farre then haue they to conquer and what store of stroks to share vntill they come to conquer a City of the s Getulians L. VIVES THeir owne a writers Dionisius lib. 2 saith that the senators tore him in peeces and euery one bore away a peece wrapped in his gowne keping it by this meanes from the notice of the vulgar b I know not whome this hee addeth either because the author is obscure or because the lye that Proculus told was vile periured c Ignorance Before that their Philosopers shewed men the causes of eclipses men when they saw them feared indeed either some great mischiefe or the death of the planets themselues nor was this feare only vulgar euen the learned shared in it as Stefichorus and Pindarus two lyrick Poets d They should not rather not is put into the reformed copies otherwise the sence is inuerted e that that eclipse the partly meeting of the Sun and Moone depriues vs of the Suns light and this is the Eclypse of the Sun but the shade of the earth falling from the suns place lineally vpon the moone makes the moones eclipse So that neither can the Sunne bee Eclipsed but in the Moones change and partile coniunction with him neither can the Moone be eclipsed but at her ful and in her farthest posture from the sunne then is she prostitute to obnubilation f The regular Regular and Canonicall is all one of Canon the Greeke word well was this waighed of the Augustine Monkes who holding the one insufficient would be called by them both g Adde vnto this Liuie A tempest suddainely arose with great thunder and lightning h Of Hostilius Some write that he and his whole house was burnt with lightning Some that it was fired by Martius Ancus his successor i Embase Vilefacere saith Saint Augustine but this is not well nor learnedly no if any of our fine Ciceronians correct it it must be Uilificare for this is their vsuall phrase Hominificare animalificare accidentificare asinificare k Hortensius Wee haue lost it that which some take to bee it is the fourth of the Tusculanes Marcellus l Tarquinius Priscus The fift Romaine King Demaratus his sonne of Corinth hee was slaine by shephards suborned by the sonnes of Martius Ancus After him came Seruius Tullus his step-sonne powrefull in peace and warre who adorned his Citty with many good institutions Hee was slaine by the meanes of Tarquin the proude This Tarquin was brutish and cruell to his people but exceeding valourous in warre and peace m The Capitol On the hill Saturnius afterwardes called Tarpeius did hee dedicate the Capitol to almighty Ioue n And whereas The seauenth and last King of the Romaines hee was expelled by Brutus Collatinus Lucretius Valerius Horatius c. Partly because of many old iniuries but chiefely for his sonne Sextus his Rape of Lucresse Hee was
Anthonies pretences and powers would re-erect the liberty of his country But m farre mistaken was hee and mole-eid in this matter for his young man whose power he hadde augmented first of all suffered Anthony to cut of Ciceroes head as if it hadde beene a bargaine betweene them and then brought that liberty which the other wrought so for vnto his owne sole commaund and vnder his owne particular subiection L. VIVES OF a Sertorius Q. Sertorius Mirsinius seeing the faction of Marius which he fauoured to go downe the winde by the leaders follies gotte away with the forces hee led through all the ragged and difficult passages into Spaine and there warred valiantly against the Syllans At last being put to the worst by Pompey hee was stabbed at supper by the treason of Perpenna Antonius and others his fellowes A worthy Captaine hee was hadde he hadde a worthier meane to haue shewed him-selfe in b Cateline Hee was for Sylla and cutte many throates at his command Afterward rebelling and taking armes against his country hee was ouerthrowne and slaine by Cicero and C. Antony Consuls c Lepidus In his and Q. Luctatius Catulus his Consulship Sylla dyed and was buried in Mars his field At his buriall the two Consuls were at great wordes about the reformation of the state Lepidus desiring to recall Sylla's proscripts and to restore them their goddes and Catulus contradicting him together with the Senate not that it was not iust but because it would bee the originall of a new tumult the most dangerous of all in that little breathing time of the state from wordes they fell to weapons G. Pompey and Q. Catulus ioined battell with Lepidus ouerthrew him with ease and despoyling him of his whole strength returned to Rome without any more stirre or other subsequence of war The victory was moderately vsed and armes presently laid aside d Pompey Cn. Pompey the great C. Pompey Strabo's sonne mette Sylla comming out of Asia with three legions which hee hadde taken vppe amongst the Pisenes hereby furthering Sylla greatly in his victory who vsed him as one of his chiefe friendes and surest Captaines in ending the ciuill warre in Cicilie Afrike Italy and Spaine Hee tryumphed twise beeing but agent of Rome no Senator Hee hadde great good fortune in subduing the Pyrats He conquered Mithridates and all the East getting greate and glorious triumph therby and wondrous wealth He was of mighty power and authority in the State all which I haue more at large recorded in my Pompeius fugiens Lastly warring against Caesar for the Common-wealth hee was foiled fledde away to Ptolomey the young King of Aegipt where to doe Caesar a pleasure hee was murdered e Caesar. This man was sonne to L. Caesar whose Aunt Iulia was wife vnto Marius beeing Consull by Pompeys meanes hee gotte the Prouince of France for fiue yeares and those expired for fiue more of the Consuls Pompey and Crassus In which tenne yeares hee conquered all France and fretting that Pompey could doe more in the state then hee pretending other causes hee brought his forces against his country Lucan Nec quenquam iam ferre potest Caesarue priorem Pompeiusue parem Caesar indureth no superiour Pompey no equall Suetonius in Caesars life writes a Chapter of the causes of these warres But Pompey beeing dead Caesar gotte to bee perpetuall Dictator and then gouerned all the state like a King Of this ciuill warre wrote hee him-selfe Plutarch Appian Florus Eutropius and Cicero who was present and pertaker in the whole businesse h Augustus C. Octauius Cneius his sonne a Praetorian and Actia's the daughter of Actius Balbus and Iulia Caesars sister Caesar made him heire of the nineth part of his estate and called him by his name Sueton. Many of the old soldiers after Caesars death came vnto him for his Vncles sake by whose meanes as Tully saith hee defended the causes of the Senate against Anthony when hee was but a youth ouer-threw him chased him into France vnto Lepidus at whose returne hee made a league trium-virate with them which was the direct ruine of the Common-wealth The Trium-viri were Anthony Lepidus and hee him-selfe The conditions were that Anthony should suffer his Vncle Sext. Iul. Caesar to be proscribed Lepidus his brother Lucius and Octauius Cicero whome hee held as a father This was Anthonies request because Cicero in his Orations hadde proclaimed him an enemy to the Common-weale Of these three Tully was killed by Anthonies men the other two escaped The Octauians warred with Brutus and Cassius and at Phillippi by Anthonies helpe ouerthrew them Then hee warred with L. Anthony the Tryumvirs brother and at Perusia made him yeelde the Towne him-selfe Afterward with Pompey the greats sonne and tooke the Nauy from him and then with Lepidus depriuing him of the Triumvirship Lastly with Marke Anthony the Tryumvir whome hee conquered and so remayned sole Emperour of Rome hauing ended all the ciuill wars and beeing saluted Augustus by Ualerius Messala in the name of the whole Senate and people of Rome In the foure and fortith yeare of his reigne ab V. C. DCCLI an happy peace breathing on the bosome of all the earth both by Sea and Land mankind beeing in absolute quiet from contention THE PRINCE OF NATVRE THE CREATOR THE KING OF KINGS AND THE LORD OF LORDS IESVS CHRIST was borne in Bethelem a cittie in Iuda g Many excellent The Triumviri proscribed farre more of euery sort then Sylla didde Those three Iunâ—…nal calls bitterly Sylla's Shollers and faith they excelled their men in the art of proscription h Cicero Hee was slaine being 63. yeares of age After the reckoning of Liuie and Aufidius Bassus The diuers opinions of his death are to be read in Seneca Suasor lib. 1. Augustine calles him an excellent Common-wealths-man because his tongue like a sterne did turne the Shippe of the State which way hee would which he knowing vsed this verse to the great vexation of his enemies Cedant arma togae concedat laurea lingua That armes should yeeld to arts t is fit Stoope then the wreath vnto the witte Pliny the elder meeting him Haile thou quoth hee that first deserued a tryumph by the gowne and a garland by thy tongue i C. Caesar Brutus Cassius and sixty Senators more conspired against Caesar and in Pompeies court killed him with daggers the Ides of March. k Anthony He and Dolabella were then Consuls Anthony hauing the command of the armies affected the Soueraignty of the state exceedingly which at first Tully by his Orations suppressed but then as I said he became Triumvir The story of his warre is as well recorded in Tullyes Philipques as can bee l Kept vp Tully by his eloquence armed him and Hircius and Pansa the Consuls against Anthony m Far mistaken Brutus hadde giuen Tully sufficient warning of Octauius not to make him too powerfull nor trust him too much that his witte was
rest should be intirely hers now let vs looke in to the reasons why that God that can giue those earthly goods aswel to the good as the euill and consequently to such as are not happy should vouchsafe the Romaine empire so large a dilatation and so long a contiunance for we haue already partly proued and hereafter in conuenient place will proue more fully that it was not their rable of false gods that kept it in the state it was in wherefore the cause of this was neither a Fortune nor Fate as they call them holding Fortune to be an euent of things beyond al reason and cause and Fate an euent from some necessity of order excluding the will of god and man But the god of Heauen by his onely prouidence disposeth of the kingdomes of Earth which if any man will say is swayd by fate and meane by that fate b the will of God he may hold his opinion still but yet he must amend his phrase of speach for why did hee not learne this of him that taught him what fate was The ordinary custome of this hath made men imagine fate to bee c a power of the starres so or so placed in natiuities or conceptions which d some do seperate from the determination of God and other some do affirme to depend wholy therevpon But those that hold that the starres do manage our actions or our passions good or ill without gods appointment are to be silenced and not to be heard be they of the true religion or bee they bondslaues to Idolatry of what sort soeuer for what doth this opinion but flattly exclude alll deity Against this error we professe not any disputation but onely against those that calumniat Christian religion in defence of their imaginary goddes As for those that make these operations of the starres in good or bad to depend vpon Gods will if they say that they haue this power giuen them from him to vse according to their owne wills they do Heauen much wronge in imagining that any wicked acts or iniuries are decreed in so glorious a senate and such as if any earthly city had but instituted the whole generation of man would haue conspired the subuersion of it And what part hath GOD left him in this disposing of humaine affaires if they be swayed by a necessity from the starres whereas he is Lord both of starres and men If they do not say that the starres are causes of these wicked arts through a power that god hath giuen them but that they effect them by his expresse commaund is this fit to be imagined for true of God that is vnworthy to be held true of the starres e But if the starres bee said to portend this onely And not to procure it and that their positions be but signes not causes of such effects for so hold many great schollers though the Astrologians vse not to say f Mars in such an house signifieth this or that no but maketh the child-borne an homicide to g grant them this error of speech which they must learâ—…e to reforme of the Philosophers in all their presages deriued from the starres positions how commeth it to passe that they could neuer shew the reason of that diuersity of life actions fortune profession arte honour and such humaine accidentes that hath befallne two twinnes nor of such a great difference both in those afore-said courses and in their death that in this case many strangers haue come nearer them in their courses of life then the one hath done the other beeing notwithstanding borne both within a little space of time the one of the other and conceiued both in one instant and from one acte of generation L. VIVES FOrtune a Nor fate Seeing Augustine disputeth at large in this place concerning fate will diue a littlle deeper into the diuersity of olde opinions herein to make the â—…est more plaine Plato affirmed there was one GOD the Prince and Father of all the rest at whose becke all the gods and the whole world were obedient that al the other gods celestial vertues were but ministers to this Creator of the vniuerse and that they gouerned the whole world in places and orders by his appointment that the lawes of this great God were vnalterable and ineuitable and called by the name of Necessities No force arte or reason can stoppe oâ—… hinder any of their effectes whereof the prouerbe ariseth The gods themselues must serue necessity But for the starres some of their effects may be auoided by wisdome labour or industry wherein fortune consisteth which if they followed certaine causes and were vnchangeable should bee called fate and yet inferre no necessity of election For it is in our powre to choose beginne or wish what wee will but hauing begunne fate manageth the rest that followeth It was free for Laius saith Euripides to haue begotten a sonne or not but hauing begotten him then Apollo's Oracle must haue the euents prooue true which it presaged Thâ—… and much more doth Plato dispute obscurely vpon in his last de repub For there hee puttes the three fatall sisters Necessities daughters in heauen and saith that Lachesis telleth the soules that are to come to liue on earth that the deuill shall not possesse them but they shal rather possesse the deuill But the blame lieth wholy vpon the choise if the choise bee naught GOD is acquit of all blame and then Lachesis casteth the lottes Epicurus derideth all this and affirmes all to bee casuall without any cause at all why it should bee thus or thus or if there bee any causes they are as easie to bee auoided as a mothe is to bee swept by The Platonists place Fortune in things ambiguous and such as may fall out diuersely also in obscure things whose true causes why they are so oâ—… otherwise are vnknowne so that Fortune dealeth not in things that follow their efficient cause but either such as may bee changed or are vndiscouered Now Aristotle Phys. 2. and all the Peripatetikes after him Alex. Aphrodisiensis beeing one is more plaine Those things saith hee are casuall whose acte is not premeditated by any agent as if any man digge his ground vppe to make it fatte finde a deale of treasure hidden this is Fortune for hee came not to digge for that treasure but to fatten his earth and in this the casuall euent followed the not casuáll intent So in things of fortune the agent intendeth not the end that they obtaine but it falleth out beyond expectation The vulgar call fortune blinde rash vncertaine madde and brutish as Pacuuius saith and ioyne Fate and Necessity together holding it to haue 〈◊〉 powre both ouer all the other gods and Ioue their King himselfe Which is verified by the Poet that said What must bee passeth Ioue to hold from beeing Quod fore paratum 〈◊〉 id summum exuperat Iouem For in Homer Ioue lamenteth that hee could not saue his sonne
k opinion of the state of the city as it was then as it had bin before Thinke not saith he that our ancestry brought the citty vnto this hight by armes If it were so we â—…ld make it far more admirable then euer But they had other meanes which we want industry at home equity abroad freedome in consultation and purity of mindes in all â—…en free from lust and error For these haue we gotten riot and auarice publike beggery and priuate wealth ritches we praise and sloath we follow good bad are now vndisiâ—…guished ambition deuouring all the guerdon due to vertue Nor wonder at it when 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 patcheth vp a priuate estate when you serue your lusts at home and your profit 〈◊〉 â—…ffect here This is that that layeth the state open to all incursion of others l He that â—…deth these words of Cato in Salust may think that the old Romaines were al such 〈◊〉 â—…ose whom we haue shewne to be so praise-worthy before it is not so for oâ—…wise his words which we related in our second booke should be false where he saith that the city grew troubled with the oppressing powre of the great ones 〈◊〉 â—…he people grew to a diuision from their fathers vpon this cause that there weâ—… diâ—…ers other dangerous dissentions and that they agreed in honesty concoâ—… longer then they stood in feare of Tarquin of the great war of Hetruria which being ended the Senators began to make slaues of the people to â—…udg of their liues as imperiously as the Kings had done to chase men froÌ„ their possessions only their factioÌ„ bare the sway of all vnto which discords the one desyring to rule the other refusing to obey the second African warre gaue end because a feare began then to returne vpon them and called their turbulent spirits â—…om those alterations to looke to the maine and establish a concord But all the great affaires were managed by a few that were as honest as the times afforded and so by tolerating those euills the state grew well vp through the prouidence of a few good gouernors for as this writer saith that hauing heard read of many memorable military deeds of the Romaines by sea land he had a great desire to know what it was that supported those great busynesses wherein the Romaines very often with a handfull of men to count of haue held out war with most powreful rich victorious Kings hauing lookt wel into it he findeth that the egregious vertue of a very few citizens hath bin cause of this happy successe of al the rest surmouÌ„ting wealth by pouerty multitude by scarcity But after that corruption had eaten through the City saith hee then the greatnesse of the common-wealth supported the viciousnesse of her magistrats So the vertue of a few ayming at glory honor soueraignty by a true line that same vertue is that which Cato so preferreth This was the industry at home that he so commended which made their publike treasury rich though the priuate were but meane m And the corruption of maners he bringeth in as the iust contrary producing publike beggery through priuate wealth Wherfore whereas the Monarchies of the East had bin along time glorious God resolued to erect one now in the West also which although it were after theÌ„ in time yet should bee before them in greatnesse and dignity And this he left in the hands of such men as swaied it especially to punish the vicious states of other nations and those men were such as for honor dominations saâ—…e would haue an absolut care of their couÌ„try whence they receiued this honor and would not stick to lay down their own liues for their fellowes suppressing couetousnesse al other vices only with the desire of honor L. VIVES CAlled a Consulls That Consul comes of Consulo this all do acknowledge but Consulo signifieth many things and here ariseth the doubt in what sence Consul is deriued from it Quintil. lib. 1. Whether Consul come of Prouiding for or of Iudging for the old writers vsed Consulo to iudge and it is yet a phrase boni consulas iudge well Liuy and Quintil. say that the Consul was once called Iudge But I rather hold with Varro that the Consul is a name of ministery implying that he hath no powre nor authority in the state but onely to be the warner of the Senate and to aske the peoples counsell what they would haue done For the Senate of old neuer did any thing but the Conful first asked the peoples mindes and brought them word how it passed whence this ordinary phrase ariseth He intreated the Consul to bring word backe how this or this passed Caesars letters beeing brought by Fabius to the Consuls The Tribâ—…s could very hardly with much contention obtaine that they should be read in the Senate but thâ—… their contents should bee related to the Senate they could not be perswaded Caes. 〈◊〉 de bello Pompei lib. 1. Whereby it appeareth that the Senate gaue not their verdits vpon any thing but what was related to theÌ„ by the Consuls which custome was duly obserued in old times But afterwards some of the magistrates got powre to enforce the senates voices to any thing what they listed prefer Uarro's words are these de ling. lat lib. 4. He was called yâ— Consâ—…l for 〈◊〉 with the people and senate Vnlesse it be as Actius saith in Brutus hee that Iudgeth right Qâ—…i recte consulat Let him bee Consul b Saluste In bello Catilin c Gowned Rightly goâ—…d â—…ith Serâ—… for al ages and sexes there ware gâ—…nes d Assaracus Grandsire to Anchises father to 〈◊〉 of whom came Aeneas of him Iulus of him the Alban King and of them Roâ—…lus e 〈◊〉 This is touching the reuenge of Troy that their countries that burâ—…ed Troy should be subdued by a progeny of Troyans So saith the Aeneads 〈◊〉 ille Argos Agamemnoniasque Mycenas 〈◊〉 Aâ—…cidem genus 〈◊〉 Acâ—…li 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Troiâ—… templa 〈◊〉 Mineruae The towers of Argos he shall vndermine And wrack Pelides that great sonne of thine Reuenging â—…roy and Pallas wronged shrine Phthia was Achilles his natiue soile a towne in Phtheias a part of Macedoniae Hee was broâ—…ght vp tho at Larissa and therefore called Larissaeus though Phithia and Larissa bee both in Achaia as else where I will make plaine as also that the Argiue towre was called Larissa Phthia in Macedonea was subdued by L. Aemilius after he had ouerthrowne Persâ—… â—…nae is in Argolis as Mela testifieth and from thence the Kingdome was transferred to â—…gos L. Mummius conquered it together with all Achaia Argos is neere Mycenae saith Mâ—… The Kingdome was the Argiues from Inachus to Pelops DXLIIII yeares Euseb. Iuâ—… Higiâ—…us saith that Uirgill erreth in these verses for hee that conquered Argos did not 〈◊〉 â—…hrow Pyrrhus so that hee would haue the middle verse taken out But Seruius saith 〈◊〉
first times were called his because as then men did liue vpon the earthes voluntary increase and fruites Whether b tooke he the sickle vpon the losse of his scepter as one that hauing beene an idle King in his owne raigne would become a painefull laborer in his sonnes Then hee proceedeth and saith that c some people as the Carthaginians offred infants in sacrifice to him and others as the d Galles offered men because mankinde is chiefe of all things produced of seede But needeth more of this bloudy vanity This is the obseruation of it all that none of these interpretations haue reference to the true liuing incorporeall changelesse nature whereof the eternall life is to bee craued but all their ends are in things corporall temporall mutable and mortall and whereas Saturne they say did e geld his Father Caelus that is quoth hee to bee vnderstood thus that the diuine seede is in Saturnes power and not in Heauens that is nothing in heauen hath originall from seed Behold here is Saturne made Heauens sonne that is Ioues For they affirme stedfastly that Ioue is heauen Thus doth falshood without any opposer ouerthrow it selfe Hee saith further that hee was called f 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is space of time without the which no seed can come to perfection This and much like is spoken of Saturne in reference to the seed Surely Saturne with all this power should haue beene sufficient alone to haue gouerned the seede why should they call any more gods to this charge as Liber and Libera or Ceres of whose power ouer seed hee speaketh as if he had not spoken at all of Saturne L. VIVES IN a his raigne Who first inuented husbandry it is vncertaine Some as the common sort hold take it to bee Ceres other Triptolemus at least for him that first put it in practise is Iustine and Ouid Some Dionysius as Tibullus Diodorus calleth him Osyris and therefore Virgil faith Ante Iouem nulli subigebant arua coloni Vntill Ioues time there were no husband-men Some thinke that Saturne taught it vnto Ianus and the Italians beeing driuen to inuent some-what of necessity after hee was chased from Crete So that still husbandry was not inuented in his raigne but after The poets will haue no husbandry in the golden age the daies of Saturne Uirgill saith the earth brought fruites Nullo poscente no man taking paines for them and Ouid fruges tellus inarata faerebat the earth bore corne vnplowed Hesiod 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. The earth brought fruite vnforced both good and in aboundance b Tooke 〈◊〉 His sickle was found at Zancle a city in Sicily thence the towne had that name Sil. Italâ—… 14. For 〈◊〉 in the Sicilian tongue was a sickle Thâ—…y did c Some people Oros. lib. 4. cap. 6. Trogus Lact. lib. 1. and Posceâ—…inus Festus Some say the Carthaginians offred children to Hercules Plin. li. 36. but others say it was to Saturne Plato in Minoâ—… Dionys. Halicarn The odoritus Câ—…s in Sacrific Euseb. and Tertullian who addeth that at the beginning of Tiberius his reigne he forbad it them and crucified their priests yet they did continue it secretly euen at the time he wrot this Some referre the cause of this cruelty vnto Iunos hate But Eusebiâ—… 〈◊〉 of Sanchoniato reciting the Phaenicians theology saith that Saturne King of Palestine dying â—…rned into the star we call Saturne and that soone after Nimph Anobreth hauing but â—…e 〈◊〉 sonne by Saturne who was therefore called Leud for that is one onely sonne in the 〈◊〉 tonge was compelled to sacrifice him for to deliuer her contry from a daungerous 〈◊〉 and that it was an ould custome in such perills to pacifie the wrath of the reuenging 〈◊〉 with the bloud of the Princes dearest sonne But the Carthagians being come of 〈◊〉 â—…cians sacrificed a man vnto Saturne whose sonne had beene so sacrificed either of their own first institution in Africa or else traducing it from their ancestry De prae Euan. How these children were sacrificed Diodorus telleth Biblioth lib. 20. They had saith he a brazen 〈◊〉 of Saturne of monstrous bignesse whose hand hung downe to the Earth so knit one within anâ—…r that the children that were put in them fell into a hole full of fire Thus far hee When wee â—…ed this booke first our sea-men discouered an Iland calling it after our Princes name 〈◊〉 wherein were many statues of deuills hollow within brazen all and their hands 〈◊〉 wherein the Idolaters vsed to lay their children they sacrificed and there were they 〈◊〉 â—…ned by the extreame heate of the brasse caused by the fire that they made within 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Gaules Not vnto Saturne but to Esus and Theutantes Plin. lib. 30. Solin Mela Câ—…ane and Lactantius To Mercury saith Tertullian but that is Theutantes Plin menâ—… â—…erius his prohibition of so damnable a superstition Claudius farbad them as Suetoâ—… 〈◊〉 Indeed Augustus first forbad it but that was but for the city onely A decree was 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the yeare of Rome DCLVII consulls P. Licinius Crassus and Cn. Cornelius Lantuâ—… forbidding humane sacrifices all the Empire through and in Hadrians time it ceased alâ—… 〈◊〉 ouer the world Iupiter Latialis was worshipped with ablation of mans bloud in Terâ—…â—…y â—…y and Eusebius and Lactantius his time And before Hercâ—…es was Saturne so worâ—… Latium which sacrifice Faunus brought vp for his grandsire Saturne because of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 was as Lactantius and Macrobius recite out of Varro this 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. bring 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and lightes for Dis his father Dis his father was Saturne Lactantius readeth 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is a word doubtfull 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 circumflexe is light and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 acute is a man Homer 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. Streight gainst the sutors went this heauenly man 〈◊〉 often elsewhere Plutarch in his booke intitled 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 liue in priuate giueth the 〈◊〉 why 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 should bee both light and a man But Hercules comming into Italy and seeâ—… 〈◊〉 Aborigines that dwelt there continually take of the Greekes for sacrifice that were 〈◊〉 â—…her to inhabite and asking the cause they told him this oracle which hee did 〈◊〉 light not man and so they decreed that yearely each Ides of May the Priests and 〈◊〉 should cast thirty mens images made of osiers or wickers into Tyber from of the 〈◊〉 Miluius calling them Argaei for the old latines held all the Gretians Argiues and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 should haue lights offred to him Dionis Plutarch Uarro Festus Gel. Macrob. 〈◊〉 Lactant. Ouid. yet Ouid telleth this tale of another fashion Fastor 5. Manethon saith the Aâ—…tians vsed to sacrifice three men to Iuno in the city of the sunne but King Amasis changed the sacrifice into three lights e Geld his father Eusebius discoursing of the Phaniâ—…â—…ity â—…ity saith thus after Caelus had raigned 32. yeeres his Sonne Saturne lay
for what pride those wicked fiendes had their fall Hence arose those routes of gods whereof partly wee haue spoken and others of other nations as well as those wee now are in hand with the Senate of selected gods selected indeed but for villany not for vertue Whose rites Varro seeking by reason to reduce to nature and to couer turpitude with an honest cloake can by no meanes make them square together because indeed the causes that hee held or would haue others hold for their worship are no such as he takes them nor causes of their worship For if they or their like were so though they should not concerne the true God nor life eternall which true religion must affoord yet their colour of reason would be some mitigation for the absurd actes of Ignorance which Varro did endeuour to bring about in diuers their theater-fables or temple-mysteries wherein hee freed not the theaters for their correspondence with the temples but condemned the temples for their correspondence with the theaters yet endeuouring with naturall reasons to wipe away the filthy shapes that those presentments imprinted in the sences Of Numa his bookes which the Senate for keeping their mysteries in secret did command should be burned CHAP. 34. BVt contrarywise we do finde as Varro himselfe said of Numa his bookes that these naturall reasons giuen for these ceremonies could no way be allowed of nor worthy of their priests reading no not so much as their secret reseruing For now I will tell yee what I promised in my third booke to relate in conuenient place One a Terentius as Varro hath it in his booke de Cultu deorum had some ground neare to mount Ianiculus and his seruants plowing neare to Nâ—… his tombe the plough turned vp some bookes conteining the ceremonies institutions b Terentius brought them into the citty to the Praetor who hauing looked in them brought this so weighty an affaire before the Senate where hauing read some of the first causes why hee had instituted this and that in their religion The Senate agreed with dead Numa and like c religious fathers gaue order to the Praetor for the burning of them Euery one here may beleeue as he list nay let any contentious mad patron of absurd vanity say here what he list Sufficeth it I shew that the causes that Nâ—… their King gaue for his owne institutions ought neither to bee shewed to people senate no nor to the Priests them-selues and that Numa by his vnlawfull 〈◊〉 came to the knowledge of such deuillish secrets as he was worthy to be 〈◊〉 â—…ded for writing of Yet though hee were a King that feared no man hee duâ—… for all that either publish them or abolish them publish them he would noâ—…â—…are of teaching wickednesse burne them he durst not for feare of offendiâ—… deuils so he buried them where he thought they would be safe d not 〈◊〉 â—…he turning vp of his graue by a plough But the Senate fearing to reâ—… their ancestors religion and so agreeing with Numa's doctrine yet held 〈◊〉 â—…kes too pernicious either to bee buried againe least mens madder cuâ—… should seeke them out or to bee put to any vse but burning to the end 〈◊〉 seeiâ—…g they must needs stick to their old superstition they might doe it with â—…ame by concealing the causes of it whose knowledge would haue disturâ—… whole cittie L. VIVES 〈◊〉 Terentius The storie is written by Liuy Ualerius Plutarch and Lactantius Liuy 〈◊〉 â—…erius his ordinary follower say that Q. Petilius found the bookes Pliny out of 〈◊〉 that Gn. Terentius found them in one chest not two Liuy calles that yeares 〈◊〉 C. Bebius Pamphilus and M. Amilius Lepidus for whom Hemina putteth P. Corâ—…â—…gus after Numa his reigne DXXXV of the bookes the seuerall opinions are 〈◊〉 13. cap. 13. b Terentius Petilius they sayd some say he desired the Pretor they 〈◊〉 â—…ead others that he brought a Scriuener to read them The historie in Liuy lib. 40. 〈◊〉 and Plinie lib. 1. 'T is sufficient to shew the places He saith he brought them inâ—… for though Numa's tombe were in the cittie namely in the foureteenth region 〈◊〉 yet being beyond Tyber such as came to the Senate house seemed to come out 〈◊〉 â—…bes or countrie c Religious fathers as touched with feare that religion should 〈◊〉 by the publication of those bookes Some read religious in reference vnto bookes 〈◊〉 â—…ng scruples of religion in mens mindes for that is the signification of the Latine 〈◊〉 any man will read it irreligious d Not fearing It was a great and religious 〈◊〉 â—…as had ouer Sepulchers of old none might violate or pull them downe it was a 〈◊〉 twelue tables and also one of Solons and Numa's of most old law-giuers Greekes â—…es belonging rather to their religion then their ciuill law for they held Sepulchers 〈◊〉 â—…les of th' Infernall gods and therefore they wrote vpon them these letters D. M. S. 〈◊〉 â—…anibus sacrum A place sacred to the gods of Hell and their sollemnities were 〈◊〉 â—…cia Cicero de legib lib. 2. Of Hydromancie whereby Numa was mocked with apparitions CHAP. 35. 〈◊〉 Nâ—…ma him-selfe being not instructed by any Prophet or Angell of God 〈◊〉 faine to fall to d Hydromancie making his gods or rather his deuills to 〈◊〉 in water and instruct him in his religious institutions Which kinde of 〈◊〉 â—…n saith Varro came from Persia and was vsed by Numa and afterwards 〈◊〉 â—…thagoras wherein they vsed bloud also and called forth spirits infernall 〈◊〉 â—…ncie the greekes call it but Necromancie or Hydromancie whether ye like 〈◊〉 it is that the dead seeme to speake How they doe these things looke they 〈◊〉 for I will not say that their lawes prohibited the vse of such things in 〈◊〉 cities before the comming of our Sauiour I doe not say so perhaps they 〈◊〉 allowed it But hence did Numa learne his ordinances which he published 〈◊〉 publishing their causes so afraide was he of that which he had learned 〈◊〉 which afterward the Senate burned But why then doth Varro giue them such a sort of other naturall reasons which had they beene in Numa's bookes they had 〈◊〉 beene burned or else Varro's that were dedicated to c Caesar the priest should haue beene burned for company So that Numa's hauing nymph a â—…ia to his wife was as Varro saith nothing but his vse of water in Hydromâ—…cy For so vse actions to bee spiced with falshood and turned into fables So by that Hydromancy did this curious King learne his religious lawes that hee gaue the Romaines and which the Priests haue in their bookes marry for their causes them hee learned also but kept to himselfe and after a sort entoumbed them in death with himselfe such was his desire to conceale them from the world So then either were these bookes filled with the deuills best all desires and thereby all the politique Theology that presenteth them such filthynesses made
anew that was neuer acciâ—… 〈◊〉 it before e If they say that the happinesse misery haue bin coeternaleâ—… then must they be so still then followes this absurdity that the soule being 〈◊〉 shall not be happy in this that it foreseeth the misery to come If it 〈◊〉 foresee their blisse nor their 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is it happily a false vnderstandâ—… 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a most fond assertion 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 they hold that the misery and the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 â—…ed each other froÌ„ al eternity but that afterwards the soule beâ—… 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 no more to misery yet doth not this saue theÌ„ from being câ—…ed 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 was neuer truly happy before but then begineth to enioy 〈◊〉 new vncertâ—… happines so they coÌ„fesse that this so strang vnexpected 〈◊〉 thing befâ—…ls the soule then that neuer befel it before which new changes cause 〈◊〉 â—…y deny yâ— God eternally foreknew they deny him also to be the author of that 〈◊〉 which were wicked to doe And then if they should say that hee 〈◊〉 resolued that the soule should not become eternally blessed how farre 〈◊〉 â—…m quitting him from that mutability which they disallow But if 〈◊〉 â—…ledge that it had f a true temporall beginning but shall neuer 〈◊〉 â—…ral end hauing once tried misery and gotten cleare of it shal neuer 〈◊〉 â—…ble more this they may boldly affirme with preiudice to Gods immuâ—… will And so they may beeleeue that the world had a temporall origiâ—… 〈◊〉 that God did not alter his eternall resolution in creating of it L. VIVES 〈◊〉 a made Epicurus his question Câ—…c de nat deor 1. Uelleius reasons of it b They 〈◊〉 This is a maine doubt mightily diuided and tossed into parts by great wittes and 〈◊〉 â—…tes Some hold the world neuer made nor euer ending so doe the Peripatetiâ—…â—…y â—…y Latines as Pliny and Manilius follow them Cato the elder saith that of the 〈◊〉 â—…me said it was created but must bee eternall as they in the other booke said Plaâ—… said it was from eternity but must haue an end Some that God made it corrupâ—…â—…dlesse as preserued by the diuine essence and these are Pythagoreans Some say it 〈◊〉 beginning and must haue an end the Epicureans Anaxagoras Empedocles and the 〈◊〉 this Of these Plut. de Plac. Philoso Galen Histor. Philosoph if that booke bee his 〈◊〉 die nat Macrobius and others doe write Aphrodiseus stands to Aristotle beâ—…â—…inion was the most battered at Galen made the sences iudges of all the whole 〈◊〉 because wee see the same world all in the same fashion therefore it was vncreaâ—… bee eternall For as Manilius saith The Father sees not one world the Sonne anoâ—… of them that make it eternall say that God made it Some giue it no cause of beeâ—… it cause of it selfe and all besides Arist. de caelo mundo c Order Chance 〈◊〉 â—…ke so singularly an ordered worke nor any other reason or work-man but beauâ—… could produce so beauteous an obiect All the Philosophers schooles that smelt of 〈◊〉 held directly that nothing prooued the world to bee of Gods creating so much 〈◊〉 â—…ll beauty thereof Plato the Stoikes Cicero Plutarch and Aristotle were all thus 〈◊〉 Cic. de nat de lib. 2. d In that of the soule Plato thrusts their eternal soules into 〈◊〉 â—…nto prisons for sins coÌ„mitted e If they They must needs say they were either euer 〈◊〉 euer wretched or successiuely both which if it be the alteration of the soules naâ—…â—…use it perforce For what vicissitude of guilt and expiation could there bee for so 〈◊〉 â—…sand yeares of eternity so constant as to make the soules now blessed and now miâ—… A true Some read a beginning as number hath number begins at one and so runs 〈◊〉 the great number may stil be increased nor can you euer come to the end of numâ—… hath no end but is iustly called infinite 〈◊〉 we ought not to seeke to comprehend the infinite spaces of time or place ere the world was made CHAP. 5. 〈◊〉 then let vs see what wee must say to those that make God the worlds 〈◊〉 and yet examine the time and what they wil say to vs when wee exaâ—… of the place They aske why it was made then and no sooner as wee â—…ke why was it made in this place and in no other for if they imagine inâ—…â—…paces of time before the world herein they cannot thinke that God did 〈◊〉 so likewise may they suppose infinite spaces of place besides the world 〈◊〉 if they doe not make the Deity to rest and not operate they must fall to 〈◊〉 a his dreame of innumerable worlds onely this difference there wil be 〈◊〉 all his worlds of the b casuall coagulation of Atomes and so by their 〈◊〉 dissolues them but they must make all theirs Gods handiworkes if the will not let him rest in all the inter-mirable space beyond the world and haue none of all them worlds no more then this of ours to bee subiect to dissolution c foâ—… we now dispute with those that doe as wee doe make God the incorporeall Creator of all things that are not of his owne essence For those that stand for many gods they are vnworthy to bee made disputants in this question of religion The other Philosophers haue quite d out-stript all the rest in fame and credit because though they werefarre from the truth yet were they nearer then the rest Perhaps they will neither make Gods essence dilatable not limmitable but as one should indeed hold will affirme his incorporeall presence in all that spacious distance besides the world imploied onely in this little place in respect of his immensity that the world is fixt in I doe not thinke they will talke so idly If they set God on worke in this one determinate though greatly dilated world that reason that they gaue why God should not worke in all those infinite places beyond the world let them giue the same why God wrought not in all the infinite times before the world But as it is not consequent that God followed chance rather then reason in placing of the worlds frame where it now standeth in no other place though this place had no merit to deserue it before the infinite others yet no mans reason can comprehend why the diuine will placed it so euen so no more is it consequent that wee should thinke that it was any chance made God create this world than rather then at any other time whereas all times before had their equall course and none was more meritorious of the creation then another But if they say men are fond to thinke there is any place besides that wherein the world is so are they say wee to immagine any time for God to bee idle in since there was no time before the worldes creation L. VIVES EPicurus a his dreame Who held not onely many worlds but infinite I shewed it elsewhere Metrodorus saith it as absurd to imagine but
that end which the order of the vniuerse requireth so that that corruption which bringeth all natures mortall vnto dissolution cannot so dissolue that which was but it may become that afterwards which it was before or that which it should be which being so then God the highest being who made all things that are not him-selfe no creature being fitte for that equalitie being made of â—…othing and consequently being not able to haue beene but by him is not to be discommended through the taking offence at some faults but to bee honored vpon the due consideration of the perfection of all natures L. VIVES A a certaine Euery thing keeping harmonious agreement both with it selfe and others without corrupting discorde which made some ancient writers affirme that the world 〈◊〉 vpon loue The cause of the good Angells blisse and the euills misery CHAP. 6. THE true cause therefore of the good Angells blisse is their adherence to that most high essence and the iust cause of the bad Angels misery is their departure from that high essence to reside vpon them-selues that were not such which vice what is it else but a pride For pride is the roote of all sinne These would not therefore stick vnto him their strength and hauing power to bee more b perfect by adherence to this highest good they preferred them-selues that were his inferiours before him This was the first fall misery and vice of this nature which all were it not created to haue the highest being yet might it haue beatitude by fruition of the highest being but falling from him not bee â—…de nothing but yet lesse then it was and consequently miserable Seeke the câ—…e of this euill will and you shall finde iust none For what can cause the wills 〈◊〉 the will being sole cause of all euill The euill will therefore causeth euill workes but nothing causeth the euill will If there be then either it hath a will or â—…one If it haue it is either a good one or a bad if good what foole will say a good will is cause of an euill will It should if it caused sinne but this were extreame absurditie to affirme But if that it haue an euill will then I aâ—…ke what caused this euill will in it and to limite my questions I aske the cause of the first euill will For not that which an other euill will hath caused is the first euill will but that which none hath caused for still that which causeth is before the other caused If I bee answered that nothing caused it but it was from the beginning I aske then wheâ—…er it were in any nature If it were in none it had no being if it were in any it corrupted it hurt it and depriued it of all good and therefore this Vice could not be in an euill nature but in a good where it might doe hurt for if it could not hurt it was no vice and therefore no bad will and if it did hurt it was by priuation of good or diminishing of it Therfore a bad will could be from eternity in that wherein a good nature had beene before which the euill will destroied by hurt Well if it were not eternall who made it It must be answered something that had no euill will what was this inferior superior or equall vnto it If it were the superior it was better and why then had it not a will nay a better will This may also bee said of the equall for two good wills neuer make the one the other bad It remaines then that some inferior thing that had no will was cause of that vicious will in the Angels I but all things below them euen to the lowest earth being naturall is also good and hath the goodnesse of forme and kinde in all order how then can a good thing produce an euill will how can good be cause of euill for the will turning from the superior to the inferior becomes bad not because the thing where-vnto it turneth is bad but because the diuision is bad and peruerse No inferior thing then doth depraue the will but the will depraues it selfe by following inferior things inordinately For if two of like affect in body and minde should beholde one beautious personage and the one of them be stirred with a lustfull desire towards it and the others thoughts stand chaste what shall wee thinke was cause of the euill will in the one and not in the other Not the seene beauty for it transformed not the will in both and yet both saw it alike not the flesh of the beholders face why not both nor the minde we presupposed them both alike before in body and minde Shall we say the deuill secretly suggested it into one of them as though hee consented not to it in his owne proper will This consent therefore the cause of this assent of the will to vicious desire is that wee seeke For to take away one let more in the question if both were tempted and the one yeelded and the other did not why was this but because the one would continue chaste and the other would not whence then was this secret fall but from the proper will where there was such parity in body and minde a like sight and a like temptation So then hee that desires to know the cause of the vicious will in the one of them if hee maâ—…ke iâ—… well shall finde nothing For if wee say that hee caused it what was hee ere his vicious will but a creature of a good nature the worke of GOD that vnchangeable good Wherefore hee that saith that hee that consented to this lustfull desire which the other with-stood both beeing before alike affected and beholding the beautifull obiect alike was cause of his owne euill will whereas he was good before this vice of will Let him aske why he caused this whether from his nature or for that hee was made of nothing and he shall finde that his euill will arose not from his naâ—…ure but from his nothing for if wee shall make his nature the effecter of his vicious will what shall wee doe but affirme that good is the efficient cause of euill But how can it bee that nature though it bee mutable before it haue a vicious will should doe viciously namely in making the will vicious L. VIVES BVt a pride Scotus holds that the Angels offence was not pride I thinke onely because hee will oppose Saint Thomas who held with the Fathers the contrary b Perfect in essence and exellence That we ought not to seeke out the cause of the vicious will CHAP. 7. LEt none therefore seeke the efficient cause of an euill will for it is not efficient but deficient nor is there effect but defect namely falling from that highest essence vnto a lower this is to haue an euill will The causes whereof beeing not efficient but deficient if one endeuour to seeke it is as if hee should seeke to see the darknesse or to heare
before as Caine and Abel and who dare say whether he had more besides them for it is no consequent that they were all the sons he had because they were onely named for the fit distinction of the two generations for wee read that hee had sonnes and daughters all which are vnnamed who dare affirme how many they were without incursion of rashnesse Adam might by Gods instinct say at Seths birth God hath raised me vp another seed for Abell in that Seth was to fulfill Abells sanctity not that he was borne after him by course of time And where as it is written Seth liued 105. or 205. yeares begot Eâ—…s who but one brainelesse would gather from hence that Enos was Seths first sâ—…n to giue vs cause of admiration that Seth could liue so long continent without purpose of continency or without vse of the mariage bed vnto generation for it is writte of him He begat sons and daughters and the daies of Seth were 912. yeares 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 died And thus the rest also that are named are al recorded to haue had sons daughters But here is no proofe that he that is named to be son to any of them should be their first son nor is it credible that their fathers liued al this while either immature or vnmarried or vnchilded nor that they were their fathers first â—…ome But the scripture intending to descend by a genealogicall scale from Adâ—… vnto Noah to the deluge recounted not the first borne of euery father but only such as fell within the compasse of these two generations Take this example to cleare all further or future doubt Saint Mathew the Euangelist intending to record the generation of the Man CHRIST beginning at Abrahâ—… and descending downe to Dauid Abraham saith hee begot Isaac why not 〈◊〉 he was his first sonne Isaac begot Iacob why not Esau hee was his first 〈◊〉 too The reason is he could not descend by them vnto Dauid It followeth Iacob begat Iudas and his brethren Why was Iudas his first borne Iudas begat Phâ—…es and Zara. Why neither of these were Iudas his first sonnes he had three before either of them So the Euangelist kept onely the genealogy that tracted directly downe to Dauid and so to his purpose Hence may wee therefore see plaine that the mens first borne before the deluge were not respected in this account but those onely through whose loines the propagation passed from Adam to Noah the Patriarche And thus the fruitlesse and obscure question of their late maturity is opened as farre as needeth we will not tire our selues therein L. VIVES LOnger a immature Maturity in man is the time when he is fit to beget children when as haire groweth vpon the immodest parts of nature in man or woman b Gotten Or possesse 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 say the seauenty Caine saith Hieroâ—… is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 possession Of the lawes of marriage which the first women might haue different from the succeeding CHAP. 16. THerefore whereas mankinde after the forming of the first man out of clay and the first woman out of his side needed coniunction of male and female for propagation sake it beeing impossible for man to bee increased but by such meanes the brethren maried the sisters this was lawfull then through the compulsion of necessity but now it is as damnable through the prohibition of it in religion for there was a a iust care had of charity that them to whom concord was most vsefull might be combined togither in diuers bonds of kinred and affinity that one should haue many in one but that euery peculiar should bee bestowed abroade and so many byas many should bee conglutinate in honest coniugall society As father and father in law are two names of kinred So if one haue both of them there is a larger extent of charity Adam is compelled to be both vnto his sonnes and his daughters who were matched together beeing brothers and sisters So was Euah both mother and step-mother to them both But if there had bin two women for these two names the loue of charity had extended further The sister also here that was made a wife comprized two alliances in her selfe which had they beene diuided and she sister to one and wife to another the combination had taken in more persons then as now it could beeing no mankinde vpon earth but brothers and sisters the progeny of the first created But it was fit to be done as soone as it could and that then wiues and sisters should be no more one it being no neede but great abhomination to practise it any more For if the first mens nephewes that maried their cousin-germaines had married their sisters there had beene three alliances not two includâ—… in one which three ought for the extention of loue and charity to haue beene communicated vnto three seuerall persons for one man should be father stepfather and vncle vnto his owne children brother and sister should they two mary together and his wife should be mother stepmother and aunte vnto them and they themselues should bee not onely brother and sister but b brother and sisters children also Now those alliances that combine three men vnto one should conioyne nine persons together in kinred amity if they were seuereâ—… one may haue one his sister another his wife another his cousin another his father another his vncle another his step father another his mother another his aâ—…te and another his step-mother thus were the sociall amity dilated and not contracted all into two or three And this vpon the worlds increase wee may obserue euen in Paynims and Infidels that although c some of their bestiall lawes allowed the bretheren to marry their sister yet better custome abhorred this badde liberty and for all that in the worldes beginning it was lawfull yet they auoide it so now as if it had neuer beene lawfull for custome is a gâ—…at matter to make a man hate or affect any thing and custome herein suppressing the immoderate immodesty of coÌ„cupiscence hath iustly set a brand of ignominy vpon it as an irreligious and vnhumaine acte for if it be a vice to plow beyond your bounder for greedinesse of more ground how farre doth this exceed it for lust of carnality to transgresse all bound nay subuert all ground of good manners And wee haue obserued that the marriage of cousin-germaines because of the degree it holdeth next vnto brother and sister to haue beene wonderfull seldome in these later times of ours and this now because of good custome otherwise though the lawes allowed it for the lawe of GOD hath not forbidden it d nor as yet had the lawe of man But this although it were lawfull is avoided because it is so neare to that which is vnlawfull and that which one doth with his cousin hee almost thinketh that hee doth with his sister for these because of their neare consanguinity e are called brothers and sisters and
such hugenesse as no man of earth is able to weeld it and this the inhabitants affirme with reuerence that hee bore alwaies in fight There is also a little hill there in forme of a man lying with his face vpward that say they is his tombe which when any part of it is dimished it begins to raine and neuer ceaseth vntill it be made vp againe Eusebius driueth the ouerthrow of Antâ—…s by Hercules vnto the former-times of the first Hercules who conquered him as hee â—…ith in wrastling Nor doth Uirgil mention the conquest of Antaeus amongst the Argiue Hercules labours but Ouid Claudian and others lay all the exploits of the rest vpon him only that was son to Ioue Alcmena p Oeta A mountaine in Macedonia Mela. The Otaean groue was the last ground that Argiue Hercules euer touched all the greeke and latine bookes are filled with the story of his death there is nothing more famous q His owne paines Proceeding of a melancholy breaking into vlcers Arist. in probl mentions his disease as Politian hath obserâ—…ed in his Centuries Festus saith he was a great Astronomer and burned himselfe in the time of a great eclipse to confirme their opinion of his diuinity for Atlas the Moore had taught him Astronomy and he shewing the Greekes the sphere that he had giuen him gaue them occasiâ—… to feigne that Hercules bore vp heauen while Atlas rested his shoulders r Busyris King of Egipt â—…e built Busyris and Nomos in an inhospitable and barren soile and thence came the faâ—… of his killing his guestes for the heards-men of those parts would rob spoile the passengers if they were to weake for them Another reason of this fable was saith Diod. li 2. for that 〈◊〉 who slew his brother Osyris being red-headed for pacification of Osyris soule an order was set downe that they should sacrifice nothing but redde oxen and red-headed men at his â—…be so that Egipt hauing few of those red heads and other countries many thence came there a report that Busyris massacred strangers where as it was Osyris tombe that was cause of 〈◊〉 cruelty Busyris indeed as Euseb. saith was a theeuish King but Hercules killing him set al 〈◊〉 â—…d at rest This assuredly was Hercules the Egiptian s Erichthonius Son to Vulcan and the earth He conspired against Amphiction and deposed him Pausan. t But because they hold Ioue hauing the paines of trauell in his head praied Uulcan to take an axe and cleaue it he did so and out start Minerua armed leaping and dancing Her did Uulcan aske to wife in regard of the mid-wifry that hee had afforded Iupiter in his neede as also for making Ioues thunder-bolts and fire-workes vsed against the Gyants Ioue put it vnto the Virgins choise and she denies to mary with any man So Vulcan affring to force her by Ioues consent in striuing he cast out his sperme vpon the ground which Minerua shaming at couered with earth and hence was Erichthonius borne hauing the lower parts of a snake and therefore he inuented Chariots wherein he might ride and his deformity be vnseene Virg. Georg. 3. Primus Erichthonius currus et quatuor ausus Iungere equos rapidisque rotis insistere victor First Erichthonius durst the Chariot frame Foure horses ioyne on swift wheeles runne for fame Seruius vpon this tells the tale as wee doe Higinius saith Hist. caelest lib. 2. that Ioue admiring Erichthonius his new inuention tooke him vppe to heauen naming him 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is Waggoner appointing him to be the driuer of the 7. stars by the tropike of Cancer But Erichthonius saith hee inuented waggons and ordained sacrifices to Minerua building her first Temple at Athens u That in the Temple of Aboue Ceramicus and Stoa called Basileum is a Temple of Vulcan wherein is a statue of Minerua and this gaue originall to the fable of Erichthonius Pausan. in Attic. There was one Minerua that by Uulcan had Apollo him whom Athens calleth Patron x A little child Hence was he feigned to be footed like a serpent Ouid tells a tale how Minerua gaue a boxe vnto Cecrops daughters to keepe in which Erichthonius was and warned them not to looke in it which set them more on fire to know what it was and so opening it they saw a child in it and a dragon lying with him Metam 2. Pandrosas one of the sisters would not consent to open it but the other two did and therefore beeing striken with madnesse they brake their necks downe from the highest part of the tower Pausanias What fictions got footing in the nations when the Iudges beganne first to rule Israel CHAP. 13. IOsuah being dead Israell came to be ruled by Iudges and in those times they prospered or suffered according to the goodnes of Gods mercies or the deseart of their sins And a now the fiction of Triptolemus was on foote who by Ceres apoyntment flew all ouer the world with a yoake of Dragons and taught the vse of corne another fiction also b of the Minotaure shut in c the labirynth a place which none that entred could euer get out of Of the d Centaures also halfe men and halfe horses of e Cerberus the three-headed dogge of hell Of f Phrixus and Helle who flew away on the back of a Ramme Of g the Gorgon whose haires were snakes and who turned all that beheld her into stones Of h Bellerophon and his winged horse Pegasus i of Amphion and his stone-moouing musick on the harpe Of k Oedipus and his answere to the monster Sphinxes riddle making her breake her owne necke from her stand Of Antaeus earthes-sonne killed by Hercules in the ayre for that he neuer smote him to the ground but he arose vp as strong againe as he was when he fell and others more that I perhaps haue omitted Those fables vnto the Troian warre where Varro endeâ—…h his second booke De Gente Rom. were by mens inuentions so drawn l from the truth of history that their gods were no way by them disgraced But as for those that fayned that Iupiter m stole Ganymede that goodly boy for his lustfull vse a villany done by Tantalus and ascribed vnto Ioue or that he came downe to lie with n Danae in a shower of gold the woman being tempted by gold vnto dishonesty and all this being eyther done or deuised in those times or done by others and sayned to be Ioues it canot be said how mischieuous the presumption of those fable-forgers was vpon the hearts of all mankind that they would beare with such vngodly slaunders of their gods which they did notwithstanding and gaue them gratious acceptance whereas had they truely honored Iupiter they shouâ—…d seuerely haue pnnished his slanderers But now they are so â—…arre from checking them that they feare their gods anger if they doe not nourish them and present their fictions vnto a populous audience About this time Latona bore Apollo not that oraculous God
and Sawe which Daedalus greeuing at that the glory 〈◊〉 Arte should bee shared by another slew the youth and being therefore condemned hee 〈◊〉 Minos in Creete who interteined him kindly and there hee built the Labyrinth 〈◊〉 Now Seruius Aenead 6. saith that hee and his sonne Icarus being shutte in the 〈◊〉 hee deceiued his keepers by perswading them hee would make an excellent worke 〈◊〉 King and so made him and his sonne wings and flew away both But Icarus flying 〈◊〉 the sunne melted his waxen ioyntes and so hee fell into the sea that beareth his 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 lighted at Sardinia and from thence as Salust saith he flew to Cumae and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a temple to Apollo Thus Seruius Diod. and others say hee neuer came in Sardiâ—… 〈◊〉 into Sicilia whether Minos pursued him Cocalus reigning then in Camarina who 〈◊〉 â—…our of a long discourse with him in his bathe held him there vntill hee had choaked 〈◊〉 â—…le saith that Crotalus his daughters killed him but hee interpreteth a ship and 〈◊〉 â—…ee his wings whose speed seemed as if hee flew away Diodorus reckoneth many 〈◊〉 in Sicilia Cocalus intertaining him with all courtesie because of his excellent 〈◊〉 and that it was a Prouerbe to call any delicate building a Daedalean worke 〈◊〉 1. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. Vnder his feete a foote-stoole was which in Daedalean worke did passe 〈◊〉 calleth the honey combes Daedalean houses Geo. 4. and Circe hee calleth Daedaâ—… in Polit. saith that the statues hee made would goe by them-selues I and runne 〈◊〉 Plato in Memnone Vnlesse they were bound Hee that had them loose had fuâ—…â—…ts of them Hee made a statue of Venus that mooued through quick-siluer that 〈◊〉 Arist. 1. de Anima Palaephatus referres all this to the distinction of the feete all staâ—…â—…ore him making them alike Hee learnt his skill in Egipt but hee soone was his 〈◊〉 â—…tter For hee alone made more statues in Greece then were in all Egypt At Memâ—… Vulcans porche so memorable a worke of his that hee had a statue mounted on it 〈◊〉 honors giuen him for the Memphians long after that had the temple of Daedalus 〈◊〉 â—…nour which stood in an I le neere Memphis But I wonder which Cumae the wriâ—… when they say hee flew to Cumae whether the Italian or the Ionian whence the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 descended Most holde of the Italian For thence hee flew into Sicilia and of this 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 â—…nd Iuuenall meane Iuuenall where hee saith how Vmbritius went to Cumae and 〈◊〉 Aeneas conferreth with Sybilla of Cumae But the doubt is because the Icarian 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 drowned sonnes name is not betweene Crete and Italy but betweene Crete 〈◊〉 â—…re vnto Icarus one of the Sporades Ilands of which the sea saith Varro is 〈◊〉 and the I le beareth Icarus his name who was drowned there in a ship-wrack 〈◊〉 name to the place Ouid describeth how they flew in their course in these 〈◊〉 Et iam Iunonia laua Parte Samos fuerat Delosque parosque relictae Dextra Lebynthos erat faecundaque melle Calydna Now Paros Delos Samos Iunoes land On the left hand were left on the right hand Lebynth and hony-full Calydna stand â—…ee â—…ew an vnknowne way to the North. But the Ionian Cumae and not the Itaâ—…â—…th from Crete But Seruius saith that if you obserue the worde hee flew toâ—…â—…th but if you marke the historie hee flew by the North. So that the fable hath added some-what besides the truth vnlesse it were some other Icarus or some other cause of this seas name who can affirme certainly in a thing of such antiquity l Oedipus Laius Grand-child to Agenor and sonne to Labdacus King of Thebes in Boetia married Iocasta Creons daughter who seeming barren and Layus being very desirous of children went to the oracle which told him hee neede not bee so forward for children for his owne sonne should kill him Soone after Iocasta conceiued and had a sonne the father made holes to bee bored through the feete and so cast it out in the woods but they that had the charge gaue it to a poore woman called Polybia and she brought it vp in Tenea a towne in the Corinthian teritory It grew vp to the state and strength of a man and being hardy and high minded he went to the Oracle to know who was his father for hee knew hee was an out-cast child Layus by chance came then from the Oracle and these two meeting neare Phoris neither would giue the way so they fell to words and thence to blowes where Laius was slaine or as some say it was in a tumulte in Phocis Oedipus and hee taking seuerall parts Iocastâ—… was now widdow and vnto her came the Sphynx with a riddle for all her wooers to dissolue hee that could should haue Iocasta and the Kingdome he that could not must dye the death Her riddle was what creature is that goeth in the morning on foure feete at noone on two and at night on three This cost many a life at last came Oedipus and declared it so maried his mother and became King of Thebes The Sphynx brake her necke from a cliffe Oedipus hauing children by his mother at last knew whome hee had maried and whome he had slaine where-vpon hee pulled out his owne eyes and his sonnes went to gether by the eares for the Kingdome Thus much out of Diod. Strabo Sophocles and Seneca for it is written in tragedyes Hee was called Oedipus quasi 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 swollen fete The Sphynx saith Hesiod was begot betwne Typhon and the Chymaera Ausonius Iâ—… Gryphiis makes her of a triple shape woman-faced griffin-winged and Lyon-footed His words be these Illa etiam thalamos per trina aenigmata querens Qui bipes â—…t quadrupes foret â—…t trâ—…pes omnia solus Terruit Aoniam volucris â—…o virgo triformis Sphinx volucris pennis pedibus fera fronte pulla A mariage she seeking by ridles three What one might two three and foure-footed be Three-shaped bird beast made she Greece distrest Sphinx maid-fac'd fetherd-foule foure-footed beast But indeed this Sphynx was a bloudy minded woman All this now fell out saith Eusebius In Pandions time the Argiues and in the Argonautes time Palaephatus saith that Cadâ—…s hauing put away his wife Harmonia shee tooke the mountaine Sphynx in Boeotia and from that roust did the Boeotians much mischiefe Now the Boeotians called treacheries Aenigâ—… riddles Oedipus of Corynth ouer-came her and slew her l From the truth of For of nothing is nothing inuented saith Lactant and Palaephatus m Ganymed Tantalus stole him and gaue him to Ioue he was a goodly youth and sonne to Tros King of Troy Ioâ—… made him his cup-bearer and turned him into the signe Aquary Tros warred vpon Tantalus for this as Phâ—…cles the Poet writeth Euseb. and Oros. say that hee was stollen from 〈◊〉 which tooke the name from that fact it was a place neare the citty Parium in Phrygia
peeces saith Higin lib. 2. and 〈◊〉 harpe placed in Heauen with the belly towards the circle Arcticke Aristotle saith there was no such man Others say he was of Crotone and â—…d in Pysiâ—…tratus his time the Tyran of Athens Author Argonautic Linus was sonne to Mercury and Vrania Hermodâ—… Apollos sonne saith Virgill Hee first inuented musike in Greece Diod. Hee taught Hercules on the Harpe who being duâ—…le and there-vpon often chiden and some-times striken by Linus one time vp with his harpe and knockt out his maisters braynes Some say hee was slayne with one of Apolloes shaftes Suidas reckneth three Musaei One borne at Eleusis sonne to Antipheâ—…s and scholler to Orpheus hee wrot ethiâ—…e verses vnto Eumolpus Another a Theban sonne to Thamyras Hee wrot himnes and odes before the warres of Troy A third farre latter An Ephesian in the time of Eumenes and Attalus Kings hee wrot the â—…faires of the Troyans It is commonly held that hee that was Orpheus scholler was sonne to 〈◊〉 Lâ—…s sayth he wrot the genealogyes of the Athenian gods inuented the sphere and held one originall of all things vnto which they all returned Hee dyed at Phalâ—… in Attica as his epitaph mentioneth they say hee was Maister of the Eleusine ceremonies when Hercules was admitted to them Some as I said before held that the Greekes called Moyses 〈◊〉 vnlesse Eusebius bee herein corrupted b Ruling of the infernall Because held to goe into hell and returne safe and to mollifie the destenies and make the furies weepe Oâ—… Mâ—… 10. This prooued him powerfull in Hell c The wife Shee seeing her husband loue an Actolian maid shee had called Antiphera fell in loue her-selfe with her sonne 〈◊〉 And therefore no seruant may come in her temple The crier of the sacrifices vsed to cry A way 〈◊〉 and Aâ—…lians man and woman At Rome the Matrons led one maid seruant onely into Matâ—…tas Temple and 〈◊〉 they beâ—… 〈◊〉 Pâ—… Prob. Inâ—… and Melicerta being drowned had their names changed 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Greeke and Matuta in Latine Melicerteâ—… to Palaemon in Greeke and Porâ—…â—…n â—…n Latine quasi Deus portuum the God of hauens His temple was on the wharâ—…e of 〈◊〉 his feasts called Portumalia Varro In honour of him the Corinthians ordained the 〈◊〉 games Pausan. d Castor and Pollux Iupiter in the shape of a Swan commanding 〈◊〉 â—…o pursue him in the shape of an Eagle flew into Laedas lappe who tooke him and kept 〈◊〉 shee being a sleepe he got her with egge of which came Castor Pollux and Helena 〈◊〉 she laid two egges Hor. Art Poet. and that Hellen and Clytemnestrâ—… came of the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 say that Helen onely and Pollux were the immortall births of the egge but 〈◊〉 was mortall and begotten by Tyndarus Isocrates saith that Hellen was thought 〈◊〉 the Swannes begetting because shee had a long and a white neck They were all 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and Tyndaridae because they were supposed the children of Tyndarus 〈◊〉 â—…sband and sonne vnto Oebalus and not of Ioue Yet is a Swanne placed in heauen â—…ment of this holy acte forsooth and Castor and Pollux are the signe Gemini which 〈◊〉 by course because saith Homer Castor and Pollux endeuouring to take away 〈◊〉 of Lincus and Idas Idas after a long fight killed Castor and would haue killed 〈◊〉 but that Iupiter sent him sudden helpe and made him invulnerable So Pollux 〈◊〉 Ioue that his brother might haue halfe of his immortality and Ioue granted it Castor 〈◊〉 good horse-man and Pollux a wrastler They were called Dioscuri 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is â—…nnes Homer saith they were buried in Lacedaemon they were held to bee good for 〈◊〉 and they appeared like two starres because they being in the Argonautes voyâ—…â—…pest arose where-vpon all were terribly afraide sauing Orpheus who cheered them 〈◊〉 hauing prayde to the Samothracian gods the tempest immediately began to calme 〈◊〉 appearing vpon the heads of Castor and Pollux which miracle gladded them all 〈◊〉 them thinke that the gods had freed them and so it grew to a custome to implore 〈◊〉 â—…f those two who when both appeared were a good signe but neuer when they 〈◊〉 But the Romanes called their temple most commonly Castors temple wherein 〈◊〉 â—…yther ir-religious or Castor vngratefull who beeing made immortall by his 〈◊〉 â—…nes would take all the glory and honour vnto him-selfe who had beene forâ—… leâ—…t in obscurity but for the other But Pollux was cause of this for hee obteyâ—… should shine one day and another another day was cause that they could neuer 〈◊〉 â—…others company The ruine of the Argiue kingdome Picus Saturnes sonne succeeding him in Laurentum CHAP. 15. 〈◊〉 was the Argiue kingdome translated a to Mycaenae where b Aâ—… â—…on ruled and then c arose the kingdome of the Laurentines 〈◊〉 Picus Saturnes sonne was the first successor in e Delborah a woâ—…â—…ng Iudgesse of the Iewes GODS spirit indeed iudged in her for 〈◊〉 a Prophetesse her f prophecie is too obscure to drawe vnto 〈◊〉 with-out a long discourse And now had the Laurentines had a 〈◊〉 in Italy g from whence after their discent from Greece the Roâ—… pedegree is drawne Still the Assyrian Monarchy kept vp Lamparesâ—…ith â—…ith King ruling there now when Picus began his kingdome in Lauâ—… His father Saturne the Pagans say was no man let the Pagans looke 〈◊〉 some of them haue written that hee was and that hee was h King â—…ore his sonne Picus Aske these verses of Virgill and they will tell 〈◊〉 â—…id 8. Is genus indocile ac dispersum montibus altis Composuit legesque dedit latiumque vocari Maluit his quoniam latuisset tutus in oris Aureà que vt perhibent illo sub rege fuêre Secula Th'vndocill sort on Mountaines high disperst He did compose and gaue them lawes and first Would call it Latium when he latent lay In whose raigne was the golden age men say Tush but these they say are fictions l Sterces was Saturnes father hee that inuented m manuring of the ground with dung which of him was called Stercus Some say they called him Stercutius Well howsoeuer hee gotte the name of Saturne hee was the same Sterces or Stercutius whome they deified for his husbandry And Pyrus his sonne was deified after him also n a cunning sooth-sayer and o a great soldier as they report him to bee Hee begotte p Faunus the second King of Laurentum and hee was made a Syluane god All these men were deified before the Troyan warre L. VIVES TRanslated a vnto Mycaenae Pausanias his wordes here-vppon All know the villany of Danaus daughters vpon their cousine Germaines and how Lynceus succeeded Danaus in the Kingdome who dying Abas his sonnes diuided the Kingdome amongst them Acrisius had Argoes Praetus Eraeum Mydaea and Tyrinthus and all that lay to the sea In Tyrinthus are monuments yet of Praetus his dwelling there Afterward Acrisius hearing how his
the seauenty But the putting of it in alters not 〈◊〉 sense e Whos 's goings out This excludeth all mortall men from being meant of in this â—…ecy inculding onely that eternall Sauiour whose essence hath beene from all eternity 〈◊〉 Will he giue them The gentiles shall rule vntill the body of their states do bring forth â—…en vnto the Lord g The remnant The bretheren of the people Israel and the spiriâ—… seede of Abraham c. they shall beleeue on that Christ that was promised to the true 〈◊〉 h He shall stand Here shal be rest and security the Lord looking vnto all his sheepe 〈◊〉 â—…eeding them with his powerfull grace i Ionas Being cast ouer-bord by the saylers â—…orme he was caught vp by a Whale and at the third daies end was cast a shore by him 〈◊〉 was he the Image of Christ him-sefe vnto the tempting Iewes Mat. 12. 39. 40. k By 〈◊〉 Apostles Act. 2. 17. 18. Prophecies of Abdi Naum and Abacuc concerning the worlds saluation in Christ. CHAP. 31. â—…Herefore the small prophets a Abdi b Naum and c Abacuc 〈◊〉 neuer mention the times nor doth Eusebius or Hierome supply that â—…ct They place d Abdi and Michaeas both together but not â—…re where they record the time of Michaeas his prophecying e which the negligence of the transcribers I thinke was the onely cause of The two other we cannot once finde named in our copies yet since they are cannonicall we may not omit them Abdi in his writing is the briefest of them all he speakes against Idumaea the reprobate progeny of Esau the elder sonne of Isaac and grandchild of Abraham Now if we take Idumaea by a Synechdoche partis g for all the nations we may take this prophecy of his to be meant of Christ Vpon Mount Syon shal be saluation and it shal be holy and by and by after They that h shall be saued shall come out of Sion that is the beleeuer in Christ the Apostles shall come out of Iudah to defend mount Esau. How to defend it but by preaching the Gospell to saue the beleeuers and translate them into the kingdome of GOD out of the power of darkenesse as the sequell sheweth And the Kingdome shal be the Lords For Mount Syon signifieth Iuda the store-house of saluation and the holy mother of Christ in the flesh and i Mount Esau is Idumaea prefiguring the church of the Gentiles whom they that were saued came out of Syon to defend that the kingdome might bee the Lords This was vnknowne ere it were done but beeing come to passe who did not discerne it Now the Prophet Naum nay God in him sayth I will abolish the grauen and molten Image and make them thy k graue Behold vpon the feete of him that declareth and publisheth peace O Iudah keepe thy sollemne feasts performe thy vowes for the wicked shall no more passe through thee he is vtterly cut off He that breatheth in thy face and freeth thee from tribulation ascendeth Who is this that doth thus remember the Holy Ghost remember the Gospell For this belongeth to the New Testament whose feasts are renewed neuer more to cease The Gospell we see hath abolished all those grauen and molten Images those false Idols hath layd them in obliuion as in a graue Herein we see this prophecy fulfilled Now for Abacuk of what doth he meane but of the comming of Christ when he saith The Lord answered saying write the vision and make it plaine on tables that he may runne that readeth it For the vision is yet for an appointed time but at the last it shall speake and not lie though it tarry awaite for it shall come surely and shall not stay L. VIVES ABdi a The Hebrewes saith Hierome say this was he that in the persecution vnder Achab and Iezabel fedde one hundered prophets in caues that neuer bowed the knee vnto Baal and those were part of the seauen thousand whom Elias knew not His sepulchrâ—…e is next vnto Heliseus the prophets and Iohn Baptists in Sebasta otherwise called Samaria This man got the spirit of prophecy because he fed those prophets in the wildernesse and of a warriour became a teacher Hier. in Abdi He was in Iosaphats time before any of the other Tiber being king of the Latines b Naum He liued in Ioathans time the king of Iuda Ioseph lib. 9. c Abacuc Of him is mention made in Daniel c. 14. that hee brought Daniel his dinner from Iuda to Babilon But Augustine vseth not this place to proue his times because that history of â—…el and all this fourteenth chapter together with the history of Susanna are Apocryphall neither written in Hebrew nor translated by the seauenty Abacuc prophecied saith Hierome when Nabucodrosar led Iudah and Beniamin into captiuity and his prophecy is all against Babilon d Abdi and Eusebius placeth Addi and Michaeas both vnder Iosaphat It is true that Abdi liued then but for Michaeas his owne words cited before by Augustine doe disprooue it For his visions befell him in the times of Ioathan Achaz and Ezechias long after Iosaphat e Which she negligence I assure you there is errour in Eusebius very dangerous both to the ignorant and the learned f Idumaea It adioyneth to Palestina and is the next countrie beyond Arrabia Pliny Ioseph Hierom. The Greeke and Latine authors call them Nabathei inhabiting the Citty Petra The land hath the name of Esau who was otherwise called Edom for diuers causes g For all the nations Idumaea is no part of israel but yet they descended both from Isaac Yet was it a foe vnto Iuda and the Iewes called the Romanes Idumaeans Iduâ—… signifieth flesh which fighteth against the spirit b Shal be saued The hebrew is shall 〈◊〉 i Mount Esau The Mountaines in Idumaea are called Seir. Ioseph Iosuah chap. 24 because they are rugged and rough as Esau was k Thy graue The hebrew addeth For thou at vile Saint Paul had not his quotation Rom. 10. 15. from hence but from the fifteeneth of Esay The prophecy conteined in the song and praier of Abacuc CHAP. 32. ANd in his praier and song who doth he speake vnto but Christ saying O Lord I heard thy voice and was afraid Lord I considered thy workes and was terrified What is this but an ineffable admiration of that suddaine and vnknowne saluation of man In the midst of two shalt thou bee knowne what are those two the two Testaments the two theeues or the two prophets Moyses and Elias In the approch of yeares shalt thou be knowne this is plaine it needs no exposition But that which followeth My soule being troubled there-with in thy wrath remember mercy is meant of the Iewes of whose nation hee was who being madde in their wrath and crucifying Christ he remembring his mercy said Father forgiue them they 〈◊〉 not what they doe God shall come from Theman and the holy one from the thick and darke mountaine from a Theman say
written of those that haue beene recorded since that time to this But at Calama the shrine is more ancient the miracles more often and the bookes farre more in number At Vzali also neare Vtica haue many miracles beene wrought by the power of the said Martyr where Bishoppe Eâ—…dius erected his memoriall long before this of ours But there they didde not vse to record them though it may bee they haue begunne such a custome of late For when wee were there wee aduised Petronia a Noble woman who was cured of an olde disease which all the Physitians had giuen ouer to haue the order of her miraculous cure drawne in a booke as the Bishoppe of that place liked and that it might bee read vnto the people And she did accordingly Wherin was one strange passage which I cannot omit though my time will hardly allow me to relate it A certaine Iew hadde aduised her to take a ring with a stone sette in it that is found i in the reines of an Oxe and sow it in a girdle of haire which shee must weare vppon her skinne vnder all her other rayments This girdle shee hadde on when shee sette forth to come to the Martyrs shrine but hauing left Carthage before and dwelling at a house of her owne by the Riuer k Bagrada as shee rose to go on the rest of her iourney shee spied the ring lye at her feete Whereat wondering shee felt for her girdle and finding it tyed as shee hadde bound it shee imagined that the ring was broken and so worne out But finding it whole then shee tooke this as a good presage of her future recouery and loofing her girdle cast both it and the ring into the Riuer Now they that will not beleeue that IESVS CHRISTE was borne without interruption of the virginall partes nor passed into his Apostles when the dores were shutte neyther will they beleeue this But when they examine it and finde it true then let them beleeue the other The woman is of noble birth nobly married and dwelleth at Carthage so great a Citty so great a person in the Citty cannot lye vnknowne to any that are inquisitiue And the Martyr by whose prayer shee was cured beleeued in him that was borne of an eternall virgin and entred to his Disciples when the doores were shutte And lastly where-vnto all hath reference who ascended into heauen in the flesh wherein hee rose againe from death for which faith this Martyr lost his life So that wee see there are miracles at this day wrought by GOD with what meanes hee liketh best who wrought them of yore but they are not so famous nor fastned in the memory by often reading that they might not bee forgotten For although wee haue gotten a good custome of late to read the relations of such as these miracles are wrought vpon vnto the people yet perhaps they are read but once which they that are present doe heare but no one else nor doe they that heare them keepe them long in remembrance nor will any of them take the paines to relate them to those that haue not heard them Wee had one miracle wrought amongst vs so famous and so worthy that I thinke not one of Hippon but saw it or knoweth it and not one that knoweth it that can euer forget it There were seauen brethren and three sisters borne all of one couple in l Caesarea a citty of Cappadocia their parents were noble Their father being newly dead and they giuing their mother some cause of anger shee laide an heauy m curse vpon them all which was so seconded by GODS iudgement that they were all taken with an horrible trembling of all their whole bodies which ougly sight they them-selues loathing that their country-men should behold became vagrant through most parts of the Romaine Empire Two of them Paul and Palladia came to vs beeing notified by their miseries in many other places They came some sifteene dayes before Easter and euery day they visited Saint Steuens shrine humbly beseeching GOO at length to haue mercy vpon them and to restore them their former health Where-so-euer they went they drew the eyes of all men vpon them and some that knew how they came so plagued told it vnto others that all might know it Now was Easter day come and many were come to Church in the morning amongst whome this Paul was one and had gotten him to the barres that enclosed Saint Steuens reliques and there was praying hauing holde of the barres Presently hee fell flatte downe and laye as if hee had slept but trembled not as hee had vsed to doe before euer in his sleepe The people were all amazed some feared some pittied him some would haue raised him and other some say nay rather expect the euent presently hee started vp and rose as sound a man as euer hee was borne With that all the Church resounded againe with lowde acclamations and praises to GOD. And then they came flocking to mee who was about to come forth to them euery one telling mee this strange and miraculous euent I reioyced and thanked GOD within my selfe Presently enters the young man and falleth downe at my knees I tooke him vp and kissed him so foorth wee went vnto the people who filled the Church and did nothing but crye GOD bee thanked GOD bee praysed Euery mouth vttered this I saluted them and then the crye redoubled At length silence beeing made the Scriptures were read and when it was Sermon time I made onely a briefe exhortation to them according to the time and that present ioy For in so great a worke of GOD I did leaue them to thinke of it them-selues rather then to giue eare to others The young man dined with vs and related the whole story of his mother and brethrens misery The next day after my Sermon I told the people that to morrow they should heare the whole order of this miracle read vnto them which I dooing made the young-man and his sister stand both vpon the steps that go vp into the chancell wherein I had a place aloft to speake from thence to the people that the congregation might see them both So they all viewed them the brother standing sound and firme and the sister trembling euery ioynt of her And they that saw not him might know Gods mercy shewen to him by seeing his sister and discerne both what to giue thankes for in him and what to pray for in her The relation being read I willed them to depart out of the peoples sight and began to dispute of the cause of this when as suddenly there arose another acclamation from about the shrine They that hearkned vnto mee left mee and drew thether for the maide when shee departed from the steps went thether to pray and assoone as shee touched the grate shee was so wrapt as he was and so restored to the perfect vse of all her limmes So while I was asking the reason of this noyse the people
The inuention of Plaies Tragedy Comedy Eupolis Alcibiades Three kindes of Comedies Old Meane Nevv 〈◊〉 Satyres The Satyres The first nevv â—…omedy at Rome Palliaâ—… Togata Praetextata Trabcata Tabernaria The Mimikes Floralia Cato Tullyes bookes de republica The Sciâ—… Old comedies Aristophanes â—…is Nebuâ—…ae Cleon. Aristophanâ—…s his â—…quites Cleophon Hiperbolus The Censor Pericles 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Plautus Scipios the brethren Caecilius Cato the elder The Portian law Capite dimiaui what Occentare what it is Aschines Aristodemus Al vnclean spirits are vvicked diuills The Labâ—…s Sad sacrifices curia vvhat Terence The infamy of Stage players Decimus Laberius The Attellan comedies The Censors vievv of the city The orders of the Romaines The parts of a Syllogisme Paris copy defectiue Plato held a Demigod Actor Author Plaier What Poets Plato expells Humanity 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Suadere Persuadere Medioxumi Heroes Nesciâ—… Towardlynesse Priapus Phallus seu Ihyphallus Cynocephaelus Anubis Febris a goddesse The Flamines The Iouiall Pomona Goddesse The Flamines Apex or crest Romulus is a God Quirinus The Athens law followed by Rome The lawes of the 12. 〈◊〉 Lycurgus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Tarquine Collatine depriued of office and put out of Rome Camillus exiled by his countries monstrous ingratitude Seditions betwixt the great men and the people Lawe Good Right and reason aquum bonum Budaeus his praises 〈…〉 Thalassus The confederation against Romulus Mount Caelius Consus a god The first Consulls Camillus Asse Aes graue all one The common corruption before Christs comming Christ the founder of a new citie The death of Tarquin the proud The diuisions of the people froÌ„ the Patriots The 〈◊〉 of Africa Plinius corrected Porsenna his 〈◊〉 Hovv offenders were punished at Rome The Portian Sempronian lavves Act. 22. The Agrarian lavves The first departure of the people The Tribunes The second departure Saluste phrase Syâ—…scere 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 In the City of God his will is all the lavv Exactors or taxe-takers The verses of the leter Y. No word of this in the edition of Paris A description of the publike corruption The salutations at Rome Sardanapalus Sardanapalus his epitaph The harmony of the common wealth A common wealth An estate gouerned without â—…tice is no common weale Psal. 87. 3. Tiberius Gracchus The death of Aâ—…ilian Scipio The three learned Athenian Ambassadors L. Furius Pylus A commoÌ„-wealth not gouerned without iniustice The vse of a definition Rod. Agricola The three formes of Rule Optimates Tyrannus what and whence Friendship faction Ennius Diffamarê how vsed Not a word of this in our Paris print Euill manners chase â—…vay the gods The Gracchi Marius Cinna Carbo The originall of the ciuill warre betweene Sylla and Marius Sylla The calling out of the gods The Galles take Rome The Capitolls Geese Egipts beast gods The gods honors at Rome The happy successe of wicked Marius Marius his cruelty Metellus his felicity Paris copy â—…eanes 〈◊〉 this Cateline Marius his fligt Marica The forme of a crownâ—… of gold in the liuer of a Calfe Sylla his crueltie Pâ—…sthumius Mithridaces The deuils together by the cares amongst themselues The Gods examples furthered the vvarres Prodigious sounds of battles heard Brethren killing one another 2. Cor. 11. The deuils incite men to mischief by wicked instigations The Goddesse Flora. The office of the Aedile * He meaneth they haue bin a great enlargement of the true Church of God vpon earth by suffring so constantly The happines that the deuills can bestow on men Fabucius Vertues seedes Day how vsed Per Ioue unlapidem Apollo and Neptune worke the building of Troy Iliad 2. Aeneid 5. Neptunes Prophecy Apollo fauoreth the Troians The law Sempronian of iudgements The Plautian The Cornelian The Aurelian Romulus his â—…atner Aeneas his mother Caesars family Gen. 6. The benefit of being held diuine Numitor his children The punishment of the offending vestall No lawe against adultery before Augustus The lawe Iuliana Parricide Numa's â—…aw Remus his death Sylla's side stronger then Marius his The deuills carâ—… to deceiue C. Fimbria The Palladium Peace bestovved on the vnvvorthy Numa's peace of 43. or 39. yeares Ianus The first Kings practises The first Kings Fiue ages of men Paris copy leaues out this intirely Aristonicus Craâ—…us death The gods in a sweate Antiochuâ—… Cumae Aesculapius But best of all by Liuie hâ—… leaue to say with the text Pessinus for Pessinus was a towne in in Phrygia where Cybel had a temple before she had any at Rome Metamorph. Sellers of smoake Aemathia Andromache Tarpeia Stator Rome had no iust cause of war against Alba. Psal. 10. 3. As they did in Rome to fight for â—…heir lines Alba. The two Cyri. Magnus Rex The Theater Amphitheater The sunnes naturall Eclipse at Romulus his death Luc. 13. Romulu his deaâ—… Eclipses Tullus Hostilius Tarquinius Priscus The Capitol Getulia For it is said Brutus was â—…arquins kiâ—…man Bed-spreading 〈◊〉 vsed at Rome A Brood-man Capitae censi Pyrrhus Heâ—…aclear victory Archiatri Tibers inundation Fire in the Citty The secular plaies An Age. The Tauâ—…ian games Mettellus The masâ—…cre of Câ—… The Ring The volons Iâ—…s Saguntus Scipio African The Gallogrecians The lawe Uoconian Tripudium Solistimum Diuerse Mithridates Prodigies in the catle The confederats â—…rre Septimuleius Anagninus Discord a goddesse Concords Temple The cause of Troyes destruction The slaues warre The pirate war Nobles slaine by Cynna Marius C. Fimbria Licinius Bebius Catulus Marius his Sonne Scaeuola Tables of proscription The Bebii Marius Graâ—…idianus his death Sulmo Sertorius Cateline Lepidus Catulus Cn. Pompey Iul. Caesar. C. Octauius The Triumviri Christ borne Luc. 2. Ciceroes death Caesars death M. Antony Brutus Locusts in Africa Pestilence Sabaea Prodigies Pâ—…ying serâ—… lbis whv worshiped in Egipt Paris copie doth leaue out this betweene these markes Aetna Catina Christian Religion False gods varro Varro's antiquities Lady Pecunia Ill manners Mat. 5. Apuleius 〈◊〉 Platonist Phaeton Aetnas burning This note is left ouâ—… in Paris copy The comparison of poore quiet and rich trouble 〈◊〉 Pâ—… 2. 19 Stoicisme like to Christianitie Bellum warre of whence A pirates words to Alexander The leaders of the fugitiues Iust forme of kingdom Florus The first Kings Ninus The fâ—…rst warre The Greeke lyâ—…s The Assyrian Monarchie When Augustine wrote this worke Astiages The Persian Monarchy Cloacina Venus Cloacina Volupia Angeronia Libentina Vaticanus Cunina Tutanus Tutilina Proserpina Hostire Flora. Chloris Lacturcia Matuca Runcina Carna Iupiter why so called Iuno and Terra the eaâ—…th al one Vaâ—… de ling laâ—… Saâ—…es Soâ—…ne 〈◊〉 Saturne 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Terra Tellus Ceres Vesta Two 〈◊〉 The Ciprian virgines custom Mars Vulcan Iupiter Apollo The 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Tripos The Pythia Mercury Ianus Ianiculus Diespiter Lucina Opigena Ilythia Carmentes Port Sceleraâ—…a Rumina Educa and Potina Venilia Cumaena The Muses Consuâ—… Sâ—…a The pretexta Laâ—…s 〈◊〉 â—…hat 〈◊〉 Aeneid 6. Victoria a Goddesse Math. 11. 29. Stimula Hora. â—…urcia Faelicity