say the hauen is founde then farewell all daunger and hap-hazard being although not in full possession of happinesse in heauen yet past al peraduenture of perishing here on earth yet it commeth often to passe that such fearefull tempestes are raised by the malice of sathan the vnrulinesse of the flesh and the entismentes of the worlde that both the faithfull themselues and also others beholding them doe not without cause feare shipwracke of faith and of good conscience and so the losse of eternall saluation the which pretious iewell they cary in these weake vessels For as sometime they are by the grace of God and the powerfull workeing of his spirite euen lifted vp to heauen in the aboundaunce of spirituall graces and the great measure of santification wherewith they are endued so at other times they are by the frailtie of the fleshe plunged into grieuous sinnes and so in a manner cast downe into hel as men void of all goodnesse This commeth to passe first and cheifely by the will and pleasure of God withdrawing the assistaunce of his spirit from the faithfull man and so leauing him to the temptations of sathan and his owne flesh suffereth him to fall not to his destruction but for the encreasing of his holinesse For euen as a man by his intemperance or any other kinde of misgouerning his body falling into some daungerous sickenes hath after his recouery more perfect helth greater strength then he had before his sicknesse because he is now schooled taught by wofull experience to know his owne strength which he seeth now to be but weaknesse whereof he did presume so much be fore and whatsoeuer thing is of force either to preserue or to impaire his health and so to be carefull and diligent in vsing the one wary in auoiding the other so fareth it with a christian in regard of the spirituall health of his soule for he being now by the mercie of God raised vp from some grieuous fall receiueth a greate encrease of holines and of spirituall graces He seeth his own weaknes how vnable he is of himselfe to resist temptation or the corrupt motions of his owne flesh and so he is humbled both in respect of God and of his brethren which is a grace much esteemed in the eyes of God Further he becommeth more carefull in auoiding all occasions and prouocations of sinne and in vsing all holie exercises of hearing the word of praying and all other means whereby he may be strengthned and encrease in holinesse Hence is is that this decrease of holinesse is in a manner cōmon to all the faithful although not in the same measure For so it pleaseth God to leaue thē at one time or other to themselues and to the temptations of sathan that so he may both see what is in them as he did to Ezechias 2. Chro. 32. 31. and also shewe to them their greate weaknesse The means of this decrease is the crafty malitiousnes of that old serpēt who goeth about continually seeking which of the faithfull he may most hurt vsing al that liberty which God graunteth vnto him imploying his whol time about no other busines but in putting euill motions into the mindes and willes of men and in casting baites before their eyes and other senses wherewith to catch them Secondly this decrease commeth by reason of the reliques of sin which remaine in the faithfull as long as they remaine in the flesh and which doe continually send forth som sinne or other euen as the roote of a tree being left in the ground will sproute forth although the bodie of the tree be cut downe Hither we are to referre the manifould occasions of all manner of sinnes which doe offer them selues in the course of manslife and therefore it is no maruaile that there happen to a Christian manifould chaunges and decreases of godlinesse no more then it is that a man is wounded being in the midst of many malicious enimies that he is scorched who is forced to cary fier in his bosome or lastly that he is defiled who is alwayes among vessels ful of pitch But to declare this doctrine more particularly as the greate vse and necessitie of it doth require in that we speake of the decrease of renewed holinesse we suppose a certaine state and ripenesse which ought to be in all Christians and is to be seene in most of those men who are truely regenerate which is a holy and vnblamable life proceeding from a sanctified soule being endued in some good measure with all and euerie one of those partes of holynesse which haue beene described in the thirde sections of the first and second partes of this treatise This state may be called the ripe age of a Christian who as he doth from his infancie and childhoode whereof hereafter grow vp till he come to a ripe man in Christ so when he is come to this state he doth not there stand at a stay for there is not any setled estate in this life either of holinesse or of sin but somtimes groweth on to a greater measure of perfectiō wherof in the next chapter or else he decreaseth in holinesse and so groweth backward euen as we see it to come to passe in the bodies of men which being come to their ripnes do daily decrease in strength and vigour till at the length they become as weake impotent as they were in their first infancie This decrease is now to be considered in the diuerse kindes of it which are two Particular and Generall Particular decrease is when as some one part of holinesse is lost the other remaining for although no one part of holinesse can be wanting but the whole soule of man is the worse in that respect as we knowe that if any one member of the bodie be brused or maimed all the rest doe suffer with it yet one part either of bodie or soule may be out of order the whole being in the naturall disposition This particular decrease hath many degrees The first is when as the holinesse of a man regenerate doth faile in some outward action by giuing place vnto some euident and palpable sin For as for light small offences commited in thought inword and in some kindes of deeds these are not to be accounted any decrease of holines because they cannot be auoided but will alwaies be found euen in thē who are endued with the greatest measure of sanctification but great sins such as are murther adultery theft periurie or any other of that sort are seldome found in men truly regenerate and being founde they doe impaire the outward holinesse of their liues For no man doth account that life so holy wherein grosse sinnes are somtimes found as that which is without spot of grieuous sin This decrease doth often happen to the faithfull as we know Peter sinned by denying Christ Dauid by committing adulterie and murther Noah in drunkennes Lot in incestand many others in other kinds of
in the minde knowledge being put for affiaunce as the cause is often put for the effect Thus Coll. 2. 2. Faith is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the full assurance and certaine preswasion of the vnderstanding and so throughout the wholle scripture faith is made nothing else but beleefe and to haue faith nothing but to beleeue that the worde promises and threatnings of GOD are true But in trueth to make vp the full nature of fayth there must be added to this action of the minde an action of the heart and will to wit affiaunce We confesse that there is a kinde of faith which is a meere perswasion of the minde as namelie that which is called the fayth of miracles whereby a man being perswaded of the power and will of GOD for the effecting of strange thinges doth by vertue of that knowledge worke miracles but this fayth doth not concerne the saluation of man and therefore doth not belong to our purpose In the second place the definition giueth vs to vnderstand that the obiect or thing whereat fayth aimeth and where about it is conuersant is not anie particular blessing or good whatsoeuer but full and perfect happinesse which containeth in it all graces blessings pleasures and ioyes whatsoeuer doe anie waie make for the good and excellent estate of man Likewise the promises of GOD whereon faith relieth are those which are made concerning happinesse Yet sometimes it pleaseth GOD to make some one particular and temporarie blessing a signe and pledge of eternall and vniuersall happinesse and then the faith of the beleeuer relieth it selfe first and immediatly vppon the saide particular promise and on the blessing therein contained but it doth not rest there but through that particular obiect doth see and take holde of eternall happinesse Thus GOD promised to Abraham being nowe stricken in yeares a sonne this promise Abraham did fully apprehende by faith and by this meanes became happie and was accounted iust before GOD. Rom. 4. 22. Abraham beleeued God promising a sonne vnto him this his particular faith was accounted to him for righteousnesse for that in that one blessing he saw the infinite treasures of Gods mercy loue and bountie propounded vnto him Although we might answere another way saying that the obiect of Abrahams faith was not onely Isaac but also Christ the sauiour of the worlde who was to come of Isaac and to make all the nations of the earth happie Likewise Math. 9. The man sicke of a palsey vnder his bodily and temporarie health looked for eternall saluation as Christ the searcher of the harte doth witnesse saying to him thy fayth hath saued and purchased to thee thy former health withall pardon of sinnes vvhich is euerlasting happinesse Heereof ariseth a third point to be considered to vvit that this faith doth after a speciall manner both tie man to God and so bring forth all the rest of the partes of holinesse for as this is ingrafted into the nature of all liuing creatures to preserue themselues in a good estate so especially those vvhich are indued vvith reason namely Angels and men as soone as the exist they do in the first place bend all the force of their mindes to seeke out some meanes of continuing and increasing their ovvne happinesse The meanes vvhich doe in this consideration offer themselues are of tvvo sorts the first is the onely true meanes euen God the fountaine of all happines on whose word promises made touching their happy estate they by faith depend and rely themselues and so they are ioyned to God for euer The other means is the creature it selfe trusting not in God but in it selfe vvhereof hereafter Thus faith in that it ioyneth vs to God it conueyeth from God to vs as all happinesse so also all spirituall graces and holinesse the meanes of happinesse in the vvhich respect it may be called the fountaine of all the holinesse follovving euen as vvhen vvater is brought from a fountaine or spring to any place somewhat distant by pipes of wood lead or clay the first pipe which ioyneth all the rest to the fountaine may be said to giue the water to the rest so doth faith conuey the graces following to vs and that both by the immediate extraordinary blessing of God who multiplieth his graces vpon the creature cleauing vnto him in ful affiance as men vsually giue howses land and all thinges needful to those that rely themselues vpon them as also by meanes inherent in the reasonable creature the which loueth honoureth and serueth God not for nought but as the giuer of all happinesse and so doe all the rest of the affections and faculties of mans soule follow both that light of the minde which faith bringeth with it or rather which bringeth forth faith commonly called beliefe and also faith it selfe The last words of the definition which mentiō the perfect holines of man giue vs to vnderstād that the only means of being happy is to be first perfectly holy as hath been heretofore often declared Thus much of the generall doctrine of faith now we come to the kinds of faith the which are two in number the first is the faith of the first estate to wit that wherewith Adam was indued in his creation the second is the faith of the third estate to wit that wherof all the regenerate are made partakers so that the first is a created the second a recreated faith The which two kindes as they do agree in all those pointes which haue beene declared in the former section so they differ in that which followeth The difference ariseth of the diuers kinds of that perfect holines which is mentioned in the generall definition of faith For the faith of the first estate looketh for happinesse by righteousnes inherent in the person of the beleeuer and by his own natural holines but the faith of the third estate maketh men happy by imputed righteousnes supernatural holines The cause of this difference is this God created man perfectly holy therefore he might wel looke that he should retaine that holines which was bestowed vpō him but man by his fal lost his holines therefore being now sinful vnrighteous must in this third state cloth himself with the righteousnes of some other So that in both states perfit holines is the means of attaining happines but in the first state this holines is inherent in Adams person in the second it is had from another And therefore the first kind of faith is to be defined affiance in Gods promises propounding happines to the natural proper or inherent holines of the reasonable creature whether man or Angell This faith is vsually called legall faith although not properly seing that this name agreeth also to the euangelical faith the which doth require perfect obediēce the absolute fulfilling of the morall lawe for whosoeuer beleeueth in Christ fulfilleth the lawe and hath legall iustice by the death of Christ
and legall holinesse although not perfect in this life by his spirit Yet because the morall law was giuen for this end to shew man his vnrighteousnesse by commaunding inherent righteousnesse hence it is that by legall righteousnesse is vsually meant proper or inherent righteousnesse and so by legall faith is meant that faith which looketh for hapinesse by inherent righteousnesse the which may more fitlie be called naturall faith because it was ingrauen in the nature of man as the other kinde is supernaturall yet we call it legall faith because perfect inherent righteousnesse is nothing but the perfect keeping of the lawes and commaundementes of God as sinne is defined 1. Ioh. 3. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 sinne is the breaking of the law whether it be the morall lawe written Exod. 20. the which was ingrauen in the heart of Adam in his first creation or any other law yea euen of things in nature indifferent inioyned to man by God the transgression wherof is a transgression of the morall lawe for the creature sinneth whensoeuer he disobeyeth the voyce word lawe and commaundement of God whether in a thing in nature indiffereÌ„t or simply vnlawful Thus did Adam sinne and fall away from God by eating the fruite of a certaine tree which he was forbidden to touch So that by this legall faith none can trust in God for eternall happines but onely he who in his owne person fulfilleth the whole law of God and that in deed in word in thought in will and in affection yea in the vniuersall puritie of this nature being free from all curruption of sin The which thing forsomuch as it cannot possibly be performed by any of the sons of Adam all being stained with that originall impurity which cannot by any meanes in the world be shaken off Hence it followeth that this naturall faith cannot haue place in any of them onely the holy Angels which continue in their naturall purity holinesse are endued with it for they trust for happinesse by the meanes of their owne perfect righteousnesse Yet this their happinesse is not so to be attributed to their proper obedience as that it be wholly denied to the grace of God for where the Apostle saith Rom. 4. 4 If saluation bee by works it is not of grace he meaneth the meere fauour of God remitting sinne the which hath place iâ— the other kind of faith yet euen the holy Angels although they be saued by works that is by their owne perfect holines yet their holines coÌ„meth from the grace of God without the which supporting them in all temptations suggested by their own free minds and wils or by the reprobate Angels they coulde not stand Sect. 2. Of infidelitie THus much of faith Nowe we come to the first kinde of rebellion wherby man falleth away from God called infidelitie for that it is both in name and nature cleane contrarie to faith For by it man ceaseth to trust and depend vppon GOD renouncing his patronage and protection as being altogether vnable to bestow any good thing much lesse perfect happinesse vpon his clients and therefore he seeketh for another Lorde and king in whom to trust So that as faith is affiance on Gods promises so this kinde of rebellion may not vnfitlie be called defined defiance or distrust in Gods promises propounding happinesse to the holinesse of the creature and eternall miserie to his disobedience The first example of infidelitie is the diuell with his wicked Angels who not acknowledging God to be the giuer of happinesse did beginne to seeke for it else where in the which consultation he saw that as there was no creature more excellent then himselfe so there was no meanes of attaining happinesse so like as for to relie himselfe vpon himselfe vpon his owne strength power wit policies and inuentions by the which he did perswade himselfe that he should become far more happy then he could be by continuing in that obedience and alleagance which he did owe to God The second example of infidelitie was Adam who was by the deceit and perswasion of Sathan drawen away from trusting in God and on his worde to trust in the â—euill and in that meanes of attaining happinesse which he did shew vnto him In Adam all mankind fell from faith to infidelitie wherein it remaineth all men being bred â—orne brought vp without any affiance in God relying themselues for their happinesse onely on themselues their owne wit learâ—ing beauty strength friendes riches nobilâ—tie yea on sinne Sathan and this present world and no more depending vpon God tâ—en if there were no God For victorie they trust in chariots and horsemen for health in the phisition for life in meate and drinke for riches in their owne industrie or in their parents for glory honor in vvorldly preferments and dignities not once vpon any occasion acknovvledging God or looking vp to heauen This infidelitie or defiance of God commeth of vnbeliefe which is the blindnesse of the minde or the ignorance of man not seeing the euident trueth of Gods promises but beeing perswaded that his worde is altogether voyde of trueth and that his promises are nothing but faire pretences his feareful threatnings nothing but vaine skar-crowes terrifying and fraying none but religious fooles and that the whole course of the worlde is not ordered by his decrees will and prouidence but by nature chaunce fortune and the counsell oâ— man So we reade Ephe. 4. 18. The Gentiles haue their vnderstanding darkned and so are alienated or estraunged from God bâ— the ignoraunce which is in their mindes and 2. Tim. 3. 8. Men of corrupt mindes anâ— reprobate as touching faith Lastly this blindnesse of minde the companion and cause of infidelitie commeth by our naturall corruption from the fall of Adam for wheras once the light of his minde was darkned by the delusion of the Diuell insomuch that he thought euill to be good and the way leading to extreame misery to be the onely meanes of the greatest happinesse it could not be but that his will affections actions and all the faculties both of bodie and soule shoulde be corrupted for that one of them doth followe the disposition of an other so that a corrupt mind bringeth a peruerse will and a sinfull will and inordinate affections doe darken the minde as hath bene alreadie shewed Hereof it followeth that infidelitie doth both separate a man form God and also depriue him of all the partes of holynesse yea insteed thereof filleth all the parts and faculties of a mans soule and body with the corruption of sinne For man renouncing God is wholly separated frome him neither can any longer receiue any blessing from him for euen as a subiect or tennant discliaming his king and Lorde and relying himselfe vpon a newe master euen one who is a deadlie and professed enimy to his first maister doth incontinently depriue himselfe of all those farmes landes houses prefermentes and commodities whatsoeuer the
goodnesse of God decreeing mans saluation by this meanes this naturall propertie or qualitie to appropriate to a man Christ with his righteousnesse Lastly the first kind is easie to be had and attained vnto by supposition of perfect inherent holynesse it being agreeable to naturall reason yea there being some reliques of it in the gentils themselues who know good euil and also that the punishmeÌ„t of death is due to the one the reâ—ward of happines appointed for the other Bâ— Euangelicall fayth is supernaturall yea it contrarie to our naturall disposition and câ—â— not be attained vnto without the mighty â—â—peration of the spirite of God whereof herâ—â—after This wholle doctrine may be gathered into one summe or definition in this manner Euangelicall fayth is affiaunce in Gods promises propounding eternall saluation to all those who rely themselues wholly on the mercy of God in Christ. Or more briefly thus It is affiaunce in Christ for happines Or thus It is trust or confidence in Christ whereby his death and the righteousnesse arising thereof are appropriated to the beleeuer Nowe we are out of the seuerall parts of these definitions to search out more particularly the true nature of faith to what kynd or head it is to be referred whether it be a part of regeneration and sanctification or something diuerse from both these Secondlie what is the place and subiect of it whether the minde the wil or the affections Thirdly by what meanes it may be wrought and attained Fourthly by what signes and markes it may be knowen Fiftly whether it may be lost or no. Lastly howe it hath this force that it is of it selfe able to iustifie and to saue a man For the first Regeneration and sanctification or the newe creature or recreated holynesse or thus The newe man and holynesse signifie all one thing to wit regenerate sanctitie or in plaine English renewed holynesse so that faith if it be a part of the newe man it is a part of regeneration and of holynesse and contrariwise if it be a part of mans holinesse it is a part of regeneration of the newe man and of the newe creature That it is a part of mans holynesse we cannot doubt seeing it is a holy affection euen the affiaunce and confidence of the heart relying it selfe on God the which affection was also in Adam and therefore it is a part of regeneration and of the newe man For although there be great difference betwixt legal and euangelical faith as touching the meanes of saluation the which is in the one the iustice of God in the other his mercy yet both of them are to be referred to the same heade of mans holynesse Legall faith being a part of the created holynesse of man as Euangelicall faith is a part of his regenerated or recreated holynesse The truth hereof may easely be gathered out of the section written of faith in generall for Legall and Euangelicall faith agree in a common definition and in all those points which are there mentioned The which doth also shew vs what to thinke of the subiect of faith to wit that it is in the will of man being nothing but a holy affection of confidence trust or affiaunce If it be obiected that faith is vsually in the scripture called beleefe as infidelity is vnbeleife the which is an action not of the will but of the minde giuing assent or dissent to the worde of God we answere that beleife is put for faith or affiaunce because it doth alwayes not onely accompany it but also after a sorte beget it and is the cause of it For when as a man doth without doubting beleeue Gods promises being fully perswaded of the trueth of them he cannot choose but rely himselfe vpon them so that beleife although it cannot be separated from faith yet it may and ought to be distinguished from it If it be obiected that Euangelicall fayth cannot be made a parte of mans holynesse seeing it is not commaunded in the morall law we answere that it is commaunded in the morall law as the other kind is in that it is all one in substance with naturall faith both kindes being affiaunce in God for happinesse to be attained by the meanes of perfect holynesse and therefore both kindes are commanded in the first coÌ„maundement Iehoua shall be thy God the which law doth enioyne that all the affections of man to wit his loue feare hope reuerence and with the rest his whole affiaunce or confidence be set whollie oâ— God as well after his fall to be saued by the mercy of God in Christ as in the state of innocencie to be saued by his owne righteousnesse Yea this first precept commaundeth al men to beleeue God in his word as wel in his Gospell as in his lawe and therefore whosoeuer doth not knowe beleeue and imbrace the Gospell he doth transgresse this first commandement In the third place we are to coÌ„sider that the meanes of attaining faith is to get the knowledge of the worde of God first of the lawe which shewing sinne death and damnation doth bruse and wound the harte and secondly of the gospell which teaching faith righteousnesse saluation healeth the aforesaide woundes and comforteth the sinner with pardon of his sinne and hope of eternall life This knowledge must of necessitie goe before faith for the minde of a man must be inlightned to see the trueth before the hart and affections can loue and embrace it The meanes which God doth ordinarilie vse in bringing men to knowe his wil is the publick ministery of the word performed by men indued with spirituall gifts fit for this purpose yet as hath bene said of regeneration so we are to thinke of faith all other spirituall graces that they come not by vertue of the meanes but by the power and worke of Gods spirit without the which it is impossible that any man shoulde vnderstand beleeue and imbrace the doctrine of the Gospell But howe commeth it to passe that man being a reasonable creature indued with an vnderstanding soule whereby he is able not onely to conceiue any thing that is taught but also him selfe to inuent new things not heard of before shoulde be so brutishe and blockish in learning the worde of God We answere that this commeth of the nature of the doctrine of the gospell the which being contrary to mans reason cannot be conceaued by it Yea as soone as it is hard it is straight way reiected as absurde ridiculous and foolishe so we reade 1. Cor. 2. 14. The naturall man perceiueth not the things of GOD for they seeme foolishnesse vnto him neither can he perceiue them because they are spiritually discerned Thus to make instance in one point of this doctrine to wit in the resurrection from death we see Act. 17. 32. that when the wise philosophers and men of Athens harde Paul mention it they mocked him And so we are to thinke of the cheife pointes of 〈◊〉 religion For
who seeing or hearing of Iesus the sonne of Mary liuing in so miserable a condition and dying so shamefull a death as he did would either beleeue him to be the eternall and omnipotent God of heauen and earth or to be able to saue others who did not saue himselfe from death or what man especially if he were indued with naturall witte and humane wisdom would forsake all the commodities profites pleasures and ioyes of this present world and indure the sorrowes reproches troubles losses dangers and manyfolde crosses whereunto the godly are subiect in this life in hope of an other life which is to all reason not onely vncertaine but also incredible Hence it is that the number of beleeuers is as nothing in respect of the infinite multitudes of vnbeleeuers who are almost as many as there are men in the world and that the more a naturall man doth excell in wit and wisdome the more vncapable of faith he is 1. Cor. 1. 27. Brethren saith the Apostle beholde your calling that not many wise men after the fleshe not many noble mightie or riche are called to fayth but God hath chosen foolish and weake things to confounde the wise Yea this difficultie of beleeuing is greater in these last dayes then euer it was before as Christ himselfe teacheth vs Luc. 18. 8. saying Thinke ye that the sonne of man when he commeth shall finde fayth on the earth And to the same effect Mat. 24. 12. 22. Because iniquitie shall abound the loue of many shall wax colde insomuch that vnlesse those dayes were shortned no fleshe should be saued The cause of this defect of fayth is first the aboundance of sinne before mentioned in that the sinnes of all ages doe euen flow together into the last as into a common sinke Secondly the state of the Church vnto the which God doth not reueale himselfe so manifestly and sensibly as he did in the first ages of the world in apparitions of Angels in visions and dreames invisible formes and sensible voyces speaking familiarly with his seruants as one man doth with another in holy oracles giuing answere to euery question propounded in temporall blessings bestowed on the faithfull and in corporall punishments laid on the wicked in the extraordinary giftes of prophecy and immediate reuelation of speaking straunge languages and working miraculous things By these and diuerse other meanes God did so plainely reueale himselfe to the old world that they who did not beleeue his word may be said to haue bene such as would giue no credence to their own senses But in these last ages God hauing once reuealed himselfe in his sonne in the gospell sufficiently for the saluation of the elect yea in trueth farre more clearely then euer he did before doth not any longer reueale himself by any of the aforesaid meanes but as it were hideth himselfe in secrete insomuch that he seemeth to most men eyther not to exist at all or else to haue wholly cast off the care and gouernment of the world and therefore men cast off all faith beleife and feare of God In regard of the which difficulties it standeth euery one in hand who tendereth his owne saluation to be both watchfull in preseruing faith and also diligent and carefull in seeking for it For howsoeuer no carefulnesse can without the blessing of God work faith in the hartes of men yet it is in the power of man to vse the outward meanes of attaining it the which whosoeuer doth as he ought to doe he neede not doubt of successe for so much as God is neere at hand to al those who seeke him Yea further whenas we suppose that we are indued with a true sauing faith we are to take heede least we be deceaued with that common errour of men who when they are ignorant of God and of his word and haue in their harts scarse any shadowe of true faith yet they are not ashamed to professe that they doe and alwaies did trust in Christ whereof if anie man doe doubt and beginne to examine their faith whether it be true or counterfait then they are grieuously offended thinke they haue great iniury offred But we are to thinke farre otherwise and knowing that true faith is a very rare thing not easelie to flatter our selues in a false opinion of it but rather to take a straite examination of our faith the which that we may the better doe we will now come to the fourth point namely to the signes whereby true faith may be discerned The signes are 〈◊〉 euen so many as there are in a regenerate man spiritual graces and seuerall partes of holinesse all which come from faith as from a fountaine or roote and therefore will certainely declare the sincerity of it as good fruite and sweete water shewe the goodnesse of the tree and fountaine and therefore he that would know â—ow vnfained his faith is must looke at the sincerity of his knowledge loue feare reâ—erence and obedience which he oweth to God if these graces be plentifull in his life his heart is truely replenished with faith but if this fruit doe not appeare his faith is not a liuing tree planted by the riuers of Gods blessings but a dead stocke hauing nothing but the outward forme of a tree But we shall haue better occasion to entreate of the signes of true faith when we compare it with that temporary faith which often hath place in the reprobate The fift question is whether this faith may be lost or no whereunto we answere as hath beene said before of regeneration in generall that where it is once truely imprinted in the heart by the finger of God there it remaineth for euer and although it be subiect to many alteratioÌ„s in regard of the greatnesse or meannesse of it yea although it seem somtimes to be cleane dead at the root bringing foorth little or no fruit yet there remaineth life hidden in the heart as there doth life and sap in trees in the middest of winter when they seeme to be dead and withered For the conuersion of a maÌ„ from infidelity to faith worketh such a total strange change in him that it is impossible that one should become of a faithfull man an vnbeleeuer The last question is how it commeth to passe that of all the spirituall graces which are in the mind will and affections of man and of all the partes of mans holinesse this onely should haue in it this wonderful vertue and force to apprehend Christ and to make a man perfectly iust before the iudgement seat of Christ and why not the true knowledge of God vnfained loue the feare of God or a generall holinesse of life and conuersation should not as well iustify a man as this one affection of confidence or affiance Whereunto we answere that this meanes of iustifying men by faith onely doth most of all make for the glory of God the which is the last end of al the decrees actions
the faithfull for that otherwise they could not be prepared and made fit for the enioying of eternall glory And that in these respects First in that the faithfull are left for a while in crosses troubles sorrow sinne and all manner of misery they haue time giuen vnto them to consider both their owne naturall estate howe wretched they are of themselues and also the excellencie of that glory which is prepared for them in heauen and so see and acknowledge the vnspeakable goodnesse of God who hath freed them from the one and will at the appointed time bring them to the other The which thing cannot be so duelie waied and considered by man when he is in the state eyther of extreeme misery or of absolute glory as it is by the faithfull in this present life the which is a mixt state consisting partly of sinne and misery and partly of holinesse and happinesse partly of life and partly of death so that as a man cannot at any time so well diâ—cerne a thing to be black or crooked as when he layeth it beside that which is white or straight so the faithfull doe more easely and truely conceiue their owne misery and Gods mercy in this life wherein they doe sensibly feele them both then eyther they did before regeneration in which time they knew neither themselues nor God or then they shall doe in the world to come wherein their naturall misery is not felt in their owne bodies and soules as it is in this life but onely remembred and beheld in the reprobate Wherein God dealeth with sinfull man as earthly kings deale sometimes with rebels malefactors whom although they purpose not onely to pardon their offence but also to receiue into fauour and loue and so doe restore them from death to life from shame to honour yet they doe not at the first admit them into the highest degree of their fauour to their secret counsell or to their personall presence Thus did King Dauid deale with Absolon 2. Sam. 14. 22. who after that he was pardoned and receiued into fauour was two yeares in IerusaleÌ„ before that he saw the kings face And thus doe the faithfull after that they are fully iustifyed from the guilt of their sinne they doe not forthwith rush into heauen but remaine heere on earth in the outward court of Gods palace waiting till they may be admitted into the glorious presence of God in heauen For we are not to thinke that there ought to be the same manner of the first creation of man of his regeneration that as in the first so also in the second birth man ought incontinently as soone as he doth existe to be made perfectly happy as if happinesse were a small and light matter which might be lost in one moment of an houre recouered in another And therefore we are to put a difference betwixt the first and the second happinesse of man the first beeing giuen immediately by God whereas the other is gotten although not by the helpe yet by the meanes of man who is in some sort to worke his owne saluation and must be endued in this life with some measure of grace whereby hee may be prepared for the fulnesse of it in the worlde to come the which thing cannot be done vnlesse his saluation be deferred for otherwise there woulde be no triall of his faith and loue yea no vse of hope patience praier and such other spirituall graces for the working whereof God doth defer the happinesse of his elect This the Apostle doth plainely teach vs Rom. 8. 24. 25. 26. saying If the thing hoped for be seene hope is no hope for how can a man hope for that he seeth but if we hope for that we see not then we doe with patience abide for it Likewise our hope being thus deferred the spirit helpeth our infirmities in praying for vs with sighes which cannot be expressed Thus we see how it commeth to passe that hope hath so necessary and great vse in this third estate Now we are to declare the nature of it more particularly by shewing first what it is secondly what relation it hath to faith thirdly what are the vses and commodities which it bringeth lastly what are the signes by the which it may be knowen For the first Renewed hope is an expectation of celestiall glory or of eternall glory in heauen This definition giueth vs to vnderstand that the obiect whereat this holy affection aimeth and looketh is not present but to come and yet not any future thing but that which is good for not onely hope but all other affections and the whole will of man yea euen when they are sanctified and in their purest and holiest estate doe abhorre and eschew all euill whether present or future and doe cleaue onely to that which is good for man And yet not any future good is the obiect of this hope but the chiefest good which indeed is all manner of good and euen happinesse it selfe For so we are to thinke that as faith trusteth in God for happinesse so hope waiteth for it And although both faith and hope sometimes take hold of a particular good as Abraham both trusted and hoped in God for Isaac and as the man sicke of the palsey did for bodily health yet neyther faith nor hope rest in a particular good but onely through it looke at the generall good vsing it as a meanes way token or pledge of the generall good and happinesse Yea further there is this difference that faith and hope doe for the most part apprehende a particular good whether it be a temporall blessing or a spirituall grace doubtingly vnlesse there be a special promise of it as was that which God made to Abraham of Isaac as not being absolutely needfull for their happinesse and therefore not needfull to be graunted by God but they lay holde on happinesse which is the vniuersall good without doubting or any exception whatsoeuer So that by hope we meane hope of eternall glory in the which sense this word is vsed throughout the writings of the Apostles Lastly the obiect of hope is not any terrestriall good or happinesse as was that wherein Adam was created but a celestiall happinesse as it hath beene in parte described heretofore In the second place we are to declare the nature of hope by comparing it with faith with the which it agreeth in these respectes First faith is the cause and as it were the mother of hope for a man cannot hope to come to heauen vnlesse he be first taught by faith the right way and true meanes of saluation Yea he is more then madde who thinketh once to enter into the glorious presence of God in heauen being not first cleansed by faith from the filthinesse of his sinne but whome faith iustifyeth him hope glorifyeth Againe as faith bringeth foorth hope so hope like a louing and gracious childe cherisheth and vpholdeth faith for how coulde any man rely himselfe
morall lawe and therefore it belonged to man in the state of innocencie This the heathen oratour witnesseth saying All they who are in the handes and iurisdiction of any other doe feare For although they be perswaded of their loue and mercy yea of their owne innocency yet they doe consider not onely what they will doe but also what they may doe The second cause of this feare was the surpassing and incomprehensible glorie and maiestie of God the which being fully reuealed hath force not onely to astonishe and amase but also to confound and consume any creature whatsoeuer yea although the saide creature be not stained with sinne and so not subiect to the anger of God For euen as a brittle glasse being filled with some extreame strong liquor cannot but burst in sunder not because of any antipathie which is betwixt them but because the glasse is not of sufficient strength to containe the liquor So is it with the creature when God doth appeare in perfect glory in regard whereof the Angels themselues are said to couer their faces least they shoulde behold it howe much more then hath man who is but dust and ashes and whose life is in his nosethrilles iust cause of feare Yea the brute beastes and senslesse creatures themselues who neither doe nor can sinne are sayd to be affected with this feare of the glorious maiestie of God Thus we read Psal. 29. The voyce of the Lord shewing it selfe foorth in power and glory doth breake the cedars of Libanus It maketh them skip like young calues yea it maketh the desert to quake the hindes to calue the mountaines to smoke and in breife all creatures what soeuer to melte away before his face And thus did man feare God in the state of innocencie for although he had daily conuersation with God yet he knewe that as a vessel of glasse clay or any brittle matter often meeting with vessels of brasse or yron may easely get a knock and so be broken to shiuers so might he be confounded by the glory of God if God did at any time reueale the same fully vnto him Thirdly man being in his first state had iust cause to feare God in regard of the weaknes and mutability of his owne nature which might easely be ouercome with some temptation and that in regard of the freedome of his will which might easely forsake God and imbrace euill by the which meanes he should not onely be subiect to the anger of God and to eternall death but also displease and dishonor God who had shewed him selfe so louing and bountifull a father and creator vnto him Thus we see the causes of this feare nowe we are to consider the vses of it First it serued as a bridle to restraine man from falling from God by disobedience For although man in this holy estate did obey God more for loue then for feare of punishment yet it pleased God to vse all meanes possible to keepe him from sinne and therefore he propounded not onely the rewarde of life to his obedience but also the punishment of eternall death to his disobedience whensoeuer it should happen as we read Gen. 2. 17. In the day wherein thou shalt eate of the tree of knowledge of good and euill thou shalt incontinently die Secondly this feare serued to keepe man as froÌ„ sin so from all presumptuous bold vndecent behauiour in respect of God For we know as it is commonly saide Familiar conuersation will easelie breede contempt Lastly man was by this feare put in minde and made to acknowledge as the basenesse infirmity mutability of his owne nature so also the infinite power authority and maiesty of God Sect. 2. Of the want of feare THe third heade of mans rebellion is the want of the aforesaide feare of God for since the fall man hath no regard either of the power might and maiesty of God or yet of the weakenesse of his owne nature as he had before but conceiueth amisse both of God and of himselfe But what maruaile is it that man doth not feare in consideration of the weakenesse and mutabilitie of his nature which may fall into sinne when as he feareth not the iustice of God and his eternall anger due vnto him selfe for sinne already committed For if man in his innocencie had iust cause of feare as hath bene declared howe much more ought he being sinfull For if he being righteous is scarslie saued howe shall he nowe appeare before the iudgment seate of God being guiltie of sinne And yet man in this sinfull state hath although greater cause of feare â—et lesse feare then he had before yea in truth â—one at all but is benummed with a senselesse securitie hauing no remorse of conscience nor feare of punishment for sinnes â—ommitted neither standeth in awe of the glorious presence of God This appeareth â—oth by the testimony of scripture in many â—laces as namely Rom. 3. 18. where a carnall â—an is described by this note That he hath 〈◊〉 feare of God before his eyes as also by â—ayly experience which sheweth vs that â—ery few in the worlde doe in their actions regarde whether they be good or bad whether pleasing or displeasing to God and so whether they be such which will bring vppon the doers some heauie iudgement or no whereas if mens hartes were possessed with the feare of God they would thinke him to be alwaies present with them and to beholde their doings and so they woulde be both restrained from euill and pricked forwarde to doe good but we see it to be farre otherwise for in committing sinne men thinke that they are safe and all is well if they can doe it so secretlie as that they may auoyd the shame slaunder reproch and anger of men together with the punishment prescribed by humane lawes But we need not stand in the inlarging of this point which is so manifest Sect. 3. Of renewed feare THe third head of renewed subiection is the feare of God the which is a singular grace and hath great vse in regeneration howsoeuer it may seeme to fight with fayth and hope morâ— then it did in the state of innocency seeing that the faithfull can not loose that holy and happy state wherein they are placed and therefore need not feare any euill being not only happy but also sure to coÌ„tinue so for euer To this we answere that although the feare of eternall death and misery cannot stand with perfect faith and hope whereby life and happinesse is certainely expected yea although the faithfull neede not feare the mutability and freedome of will beeing certaine of their finall perseuerance in faith yet there are many causes by the which they ought to be moued to feare God Hither we are to referre the causes of feare in the state of innocency whereof the most ought to be of more force to moue the faithfull to feare God then they were to man in his pure estate For shall man
entisements in all things Lastly as touching supplication which we make the third filial duty man is so wholly alienated from God that what necessitie soeuer do pinche him he hath not either the minde or the will and as we vse to speake neither the heart nor the face once to go to God by humble prayer for helpe He flyeth to worldly meanes as to his own wisdome strength riches and friendes and if all faile yet he will rather seeke for helpe by sorcery and witchcraft at the hands of his newe father the diuell then he will by prayer call vpon the name of God Thus are all vnregenerate men affected howsoeuer in a shew of religion or as a common prouerbe they will somtimes say God helpe me or God be mercifull to me whereas in trueth they being destitute of faith haue no confidence in God neither any hope of obtaining any thing at his hand Neither is there any cause why they shoulde thinke otherwise for God doth not heare and helpe but detest and plague vnbeleeuers Sect. 3. Of filiall subiection renewed THus we see how man is altogether spoiled by the malice of Sathan of this excellent dignitie of being the sonne of God but by the mercie of God he recouereth it in the state of regeneration in as ample manner as he had it in his first creation For as all naturall men are in Adam vngratious bastardes so they become the sonnes of God in Christ not by partaking his eternall and essentiall filiation whereof no creature is capable but by being renewed and made conformable to the holinesse of his humaine nature For as man lost this dignitie by loosing the image of God to wit his perfect holinesse by vertue whereof he onely of all earthly creatures was the sonne of God so being nowe by the spirite of God restored to the saide image of God he is together restored to the dignitie of being the sonne of God Ioh. 1. 12. As many as beleeued in him to those he gaue power to be the sonnes of God For as we read 2. Pet. 1. 4. We are made partakers of his diuine nature that is of the image or resemblaunce of the diuine nature in that we fly the corruption of lust which is in the world From this prerogatiue of being the sonnes of God the scripture speaking to men according to the manner of men whose sonnes do in time enioy their fathers possessions stirreth vp the faithfull to an vndoubted expectation of eternall glory Gal. 4. 7. We are no more seruantes but sonnes and the heires of God through Christ Rom. 8. 17. If we be sonnes then are we heires the heires truly of God and the fellow heires of Christ and 1. Iohn 3. 2. We are nowe the sonnes of God although our inheritaunce doth not appeare till Christ appeare Nowe to proceed As the faithfull are restored to this dignitie so they are indued by the spirite of God with the disposition belonging to it being so affected to God as children ought to be to their naturall fathers They reuerence him aboue al thinges in the worlde in worde and deed in minde harte and in all their behauiour The great securitie and certainty which they haue of their owne good estate doth not make them any way presumptuous neither doth the familiarity which God vouchsafeth to haue with them as with freindes Ioh. 15 15. Breed in them any contempt of God but they stand continually in awe of him and of his glorious presence yeelding to him his due honour both in word deed and affection whensoeuer they haue any occasion to deale with him This we may obserue as in the other seruants of God so especially in Abraham who although he was the friend of God as he is called Iam. 2. 23. And had familiar conuersation and talke with God as one friende vseth to haue with another yet he durst not speake the second time to God in the behalfe of the Sodomites without vsing some preface of reuerence saying Gen. 18. 27. Behold I haue taken vpon me to speake to God who am but dust and ashes And againe Vers. 30 let not my lord be angrie if I speake for them This affection of the faithfull is described Psal. 123 As the eyes of the seruant are vpon his lord and as the handmaid doth modestly waite in presence of her mistris so are we affected to God Likewise for the second duty which is Imitation the faithfull man endeuoureth by all meanes to conforme himselfe to the absolute puritie and holinesse of God Whereof the Apostle hauing wise consideration vseth the examples of Christes death and resurrection as most forcible argumentes to enforce the mortification of sinne and the viuification of all holynesse in vs Rom. 6. and Eph. 5. 1. Be ye followers of God as beloued children Lastly As a sonne being pinched with any griefe or want doth straight way run to his father for reliefe so doe the faithfull in the manifolde miseries and crosses of this present life seeke for helpe at the handes of their heauenly father For the which purpose they are indued with a notable gift of God called the spirit of prayer that is the grace ability or faculty of praying wrought in them by the holy spirite This grace of God is diligently to be declared and considered for that of all the partes of mans holinesse none is a more vnfallible signe of true regeneration then is this gift of prayer whereby a man is made able willing and ready to pray aright vnto God as the present occasion doth require For this gifte consisteth of many particular graces of Gods spirit the which are needfull for the right performance of this duety and cannot be founde in any carnall man First there is required the true knowledge of those things which belong vnto the good happy state of man which is not attained but by the worke of the holy spirite Rom. 8. 26. We know not for what to pray as we ought but the spirit helpeth our infirmity For all men generally and naturally feele their temporall wants as pouerty sicknesse shame and whatsoeuer belongeth to the maintenance of this present life but as for spirituall graces as the knowledge and feare of God faith loue patience and the rest which concerne their eternall saluation they neuer trouble themselues in seeking them or are greeued for the want of them nay for the most part they neuer thinke of any such matter or knowe what these thinges meane Besides none can pray aright yea although he be enlightned with some knowledge of the spirituall state of man and haue a glimmering of the thinges belonging vnto it as a carnal man may haue vnlesse he haue true faith wherby he may be assured that god both loueth him and wil graunt his requests Rom. 10. 14. The Apostle maketh it impossible for him who doth not beleeue in God to call vpon him But the
and sayings the simplest man in the world could vse for a temporall commoditie how much more able would he be to call vpon God by prayer wherein there is farre more matter offred whether we regard the wretchednesse of the suter or the mercie and goodnesse of God But to returne to the matter in hande the third difference is that the carnall man prayeth very seldom yea for the most neuer but vpon some vrgent cause as when he is pinched with some grieuous crosse as sicknes or pouertie or when he is in some great danger as being in battaile on Land or in a tempeston the sea as we reade Ionas 1. 5. The Infidels in extream danger fell to praier These extremities will wring out of the most irreligious atheist some kinde of praier but not till he see that all other meanes do faile For till then he neuer thinketh on God But it is farre otherwise with the faithfull man for he praieth daylie hourly to the Lord he neuer wanteth matter of praying but taketh euerie occasion to pray if not openly and in wordes yet secretlie in his heart Yea the faithfull in all their dangers troubles miseries and affaires whatsoeuer do not put the means in the first and cheife place reposing their confidence therein but first they seeke for helpe at the handes of God and then trusting that he will giue a happie successe vse the meanes with all care and diligence Fourthly the carnall man doth not in praying vse either perseuerance in continuing his sute till it please God to heare him or yet patience in suffering with a quiet minde the delay of that which he desireth But if he be not heard at the first he straightway giueth ouer yea most commonly he waxeth so prophane and godlesse that he will neuer afterward pray to God tho he haue neuer so greate need and not resting herein he murmureth against God and in greate rage curseth all things that come in his sight or minde but the godly man is neuer wearied with calling vpon God but is content to tary the Lords leasure considering that God knoweth what is good for him better then he himselfe Fiftly the carnall man prayeth onely for temporall blessings as health peace riches honour and such other And if so be that he haue some knowledge of the life to come he will indeed desire that he may after this life be in heauen but you shall neuer heare him desiring to go in that way in this life which leadeth to heauen He desireth to be happy in the worlde to come but not to be holy and righteous in this worlde He would gladly be partaker of the ioyes of heauen but yet not with the condition of forsaking his earthly pleasures He thinketh it no wisdom to forgoe a certaine and present happinesse for that which will perhaps come but he knoweth not when neither can any man make him as he thinketh any good assurance of it but the faithfull man counteth all worldly pleasures to be as they are in deed but as drosse and dung in comparison of spirituall graces and therefore his prayers are cheifly of those things which concerne his eternal saluation Sixtly the carnall man prayeth onely for him selfe for his children and friendes by whom he may haue some temporall comfort or profit neuer remembring the affliction of Ioseph that is hauing no fellowe-feeling of the miseries of the church of God and of the particular members thereof whereas the faithfull desire the good of their brethren yea euen with their owne hurt if so it stand with the good pleasure of God Lastly which is the maine difference of all the carnall man prayeth without faith and therefore he cannot pray aright Rom. 10. 14. doubting as he hath good cause whether God will heare him or no whereas the faithfull man is vndoubtedly perswaded that God will graunt his desire if it be needfull for his saluation otherwise if it be some temporall blessing or some particular grace without the which he may be saued he knoweth that God will either graunt his request or make him plainely see and confesse that it is more for his good that his minde be not fulfilled in that behalfe Nowe for a conclusion we see howe greatly it behoueth euery one who would be accounted in the sight of God and man a true Christian to giue himselfe carefully to the attaining of this gift of prayer and to the performing of this dutie both by himselfe alone and also with his family especially if we do duely consider the manifolde commodities both temporall and spirituall which may be reaped by this meanes For as touching this present life hearty and feruent prayer comming from a faithfull man is health in sickenesse riches in pouertie safetie in daunger comforte in all aduersity yea it is all in all But farre more notable are the vses of it in regard of the spirituall life of our soules for prayer is the exercise of a mans soule as the worde of God is the foode and nourishment of it So that as a man cannot keepe his body for any long time in health strength vnlesse he vse some exercise yea although he doe fil it with meate and feede it most carefully euen so although a man doe heare the worde of God euery day preached vnto him yet vnlesse he do by this spirituall exercise of prayer drawe the sayd heauenly foode into the seuerall partes of his soule he shall sensibly feele his faith loue patience and all other partes of holinesse to decrease by little and little vntill at length they come to nothing yea as the exercising of the body doth not onely preserue it in the naturall vigour but also encreaseth the strength of it and keepeth it from sicknesse so by the dayly vse of prayer we shall finde that the Lord will encrease in vs all spirituall graces farre aboue our owne expectation or the opinion of any other And therefore let vs giue eare to the Apostles exhortation Eph. 6. 18. Take to you the helmet of your saluation which is the word of God and withall pray alwaies with all manner of prayers and supplications in the spirit and watch therevnto withall perseueraunce not onely for your selues but also for all saints Thus much of the duties of renewed filiall subiectiō which man oweth to God his heauenly father To the which one other duty of filiall subiectiō must be added to wit patience in regard of those manifold and grieuous afflictions wherewith God doth chastise trie and nurture his children For as the goldsmith intending to make pretious and excellent vessels fit for the vse of great kinges doth cast his gold into the fyre that so it may be come pure from all drosse so before that the faithfull can be vessels of honour fitte for the seruice of God in the kingdome of heauen they must be cast into the furnace of affliction and there be weaned from the vaine delightes and pleasures of sinne
maketh a speidie gainfull and happie voiage howsoeuer if that she chaunce to meete with a rocke or to runne vpon some sand she is in greater danger then if she had made lesse hast and borne a lower saile So where the strength and force of these affections is wanting there is as lesse danger in respect of sudden falles so lesse abilitie of aspiring to any high degree of holines for that the graces of the holy spirit wanting their sailes or being be calmed for want of winde often lie floting vp and dowen and doe not make so euident or notable progresse in their course Of these renewed affections the most notable is called loue an affections so often commended vnto vs and so highly extolled in the scriripture as if it contained not one part onely but euen the wholle substance of created holinesse in the which respect it is saide to be The fulfilling of the lawe Math. 22 40. Rom. 13. 8. and the one halfe of renewed holinesse the which is vsually cōprised in these two words Faith and Loue which is sayde 1. Cor. 13. 13. To be greater then faith But that we giue neither more nor lesse to this affection then is due vnto it this is to be held that holinesse whether created or recreated doth not consist either in any one or in a fewe but in many graces amongest the which loue hath the first place assigned vnto it yea often the denomination either of the wholle holinesse of man or more commonly of the holinesse of all the practicall faculties Not as if it were the only grace for there are many distinct graces euen as many as there are distinct faculties of mans soule required in perfect holinesse or yet as if it were the chiefe grace for faith hath the first place although in nature it be not so excellent as loue which is an heroicall grace being the foundation and as it were the subiect and ground-worke not onely of loue but also of all other graces and of all holinesse whether created or renewed Why then is loue more spoken of and inculcated in the scripture then faith or any other grace We answere that the spirit of God hauing continually in enditing the scripture respect to the capacitie of men propoundeth and commendeth vnto them holinesse not so much in grosse and in generall as in some particulars which are more easely surely and certainly conceaued then the generall in the which respect loue is preferred before faith as being more euident apparant and sensible and therefore a more sure and infallible marke and note of generall holinesse The great appearance of loue ariseth of these two causes First because whereas faith hath relation to God onely loue extendeth it selfe both to God and men Secondly where as faith lieth hidden in the heart and minde loue is outward practical and therefore more apparant and sensible Againe loue is preferred before all other practicall graces because holinesse consisteth as partly in duties to be performed in respect of our selues so cheifely in duties to be perfourmed to others namely to God and to men the which a man cannot performe as he ought vnlesse he beare a loue and a harty desire of the good both of God and of man Thus much of loue in generall The particulars of it are these First the regenerate man loueth God aboue all the thinges in the worlde desiring his good in the aduancement of his glory much more then his owne saluation From the which fountaine of the loue of God springeth the loue of all men but especially of the Godly who are renewed according to the image of God in holinesse and iustice Psal. 16. 3. All my delite is in the holy ones which are here on earth and cheiflie in those which excell in vertue This loue of the saintes is an infallible signe of true regeneration and of the true loue of God namely whenas a man loueth an other hartelie and vehemently euen as it were his owne naturall sonne or brother for this cause onely he being otherwise astraunger vnto him for that he seeth in him manifest signes and argumentes of true and vnfained godlinesse 1. Ioh. 3. 14. We knowe that we are translated from death to life because we loue the brethren And Ioh. 13. 35. By this shall all men knowe that ye are my disciples if ye loue one another Nowe we come to the other fountaine of loue namely selfe-loue the which also hath place in the regenerate although in an other manner then in carnall men For they loue themselues yet so as that they loue God more by infinite degrees and their brethren as themselues Againe they doe not shewe or vse this selfe-loue in prouiding earthly and sensuall pleasures for their bodies but in procuring the eternall saluation of their soules and yet they doe and ought to loue themselues more then they doe any other yea to be more carefull for the good estate of their owne bodies and soules then of the bodies and soules of their brethren Yet this must be vnderstood in equall comparison for a faithfull man ought not to loue his owne bodie and to desire the safetie thereof more then the eternall saluation of his brother the which ought to be procured yea with the losse of our owne temporall liues Ioh. 3. 16. As Christ laide downe his life for vs so we ought to lay downe our liues for our brethren Yet a man neede not depriue himselfe of life for the safetie of the temporall life of his brother being a priuate man nor of eternall life for the procuring of his eternall saluation If any man doe here obiect the examples of Moses Paul of whom the one desired to haue his name blotted out of the booke of life and the other to be accursed from Christ for the good of the Iewes We āswere that the Iewes were then to be cōsidered not simplie as mē but as the whol visible church of God the confusion whereof coulde not but be a great hinderaunce to Gods glory the which ought to be procured euen with the eternall confusion of our owne soules if the case doe so require For so Moses alledgeth that if God did destroy his owne people the Egiptians who were spitefull enimies to God and his worshippe would laugh at their distruction and blaspheme God himselfe And so we cannot doubte but that the glory of God shall be wonderfully enlarged by the conuersion of the Iewes and therefore it may be more desired then our owne saluation From this fountaine of selfe loue flow the afore saide streames of speciall loue whereby the faithfull man is affected more to those who doe any way come neare himselfe then to those who are estraunged from him This partial loue is good and lawefull for why shoulde not man encline and cleaue more to those whom God hath ioyned more nearely vnto him Hence commeth the speciall loue due to parentes which cannot be wanting but in him
but especially it appeareth in those who in old times professed themselues to be philosophers that is seekers and practisers of wisedome and vertue as namely Socrates Plato with many others as Aristides Cato Seneca whose vertues we can not thinke to haue bene mere hypocrisie it being well knowen that they were so affected inwardly in their mindes as they professed outwardly in their liues Yet we confesse that this decrease of sinfulnesse is not a like in all for in some it is inwarde and true as hath bene saide but in others yea most commonly it is onely in outward life For many doe leade an honest and irreproueable life being vitiously disposed in their mindes some for feare of ciuill punishment or of publike shame others for vaine glories sake as did the pharisies Againe this decrease is more generall in some who abstaine from many kindes of vices then it is in others who are faulty in many respectes And Lastly this decrease is more firme and permanent in some continuing the wholle time of their life but in others it hath place in their young yeares by force of good education but is afterwardes altogether forgotten and reiected In the heathen it is more in regarde of the duties of the second table the which are more easelie knowen then are the dueties belonging to the worship of God But in hypocriticall Christians the outwarde decrease of sinfulnesse is greater in the dueties of the first table For they will be verie deuout and diligent in the outwarde seruice of God and yet liue verie wickedly in regard of their brethren These and many other degrees and differences of this naturall decrease may easely be obserued in many both within and without the Church and also in all histories whether diuine or humaine but are too many to be handled in this short treatise CHAP. IIII. Of the supernaturall decrease of sinfulnesse AS the increase of light doth make a decrease of darkenes it being impossible that two thinges of contrarie natures sholude be together in one subiect the one not expelling the other either wholly or in part so the spirituall graces of God which are the matter of mans holinesse bestowed on vnregenerate men doe worke in them a decrease of sinfulnesse makeing them lesse sinfull then otherwise they woulde be and then vsually vnregenerate men are This decrease we call supernaturall because it cannot be attained vnto by those naturall meanes of diminishing sinne mentioned in the former chapter and therefore it is not to be found in the most innocent and vertuous pagan that euer liued but is to be accounted a worke of Gods spirite brought to passe by the ministrie of his worde sounding in the eares of those who are members of the visible church without the which this decrease of sinne is not ordinarily to be founde Nor yet in all the members of the church of whom many doe exceede the heathen in sinne but onely in those who doe yeelde obedience to the gospell although not in such manner as the faithfull doe yet in so greate measure that this decrease of sinne may very fitly be called a shadowe of true regeneration there being no grace effectually wrought in the faithfull whereof a resemblaunce may not be found in this sort of men For not onely their life is agreeable to the worde of God but also they are inwardly enlightned to see the trueth and are well affected towardes it and endued with a kinde of faith hope loue patience and all other graces and that not in hypocrisie though many doe make an outwarde shew and profession of those graces whereof there is not any shadowe in their heartes but in trueth As we read Heb. 6. 4. 5. It is impossible that they who were once enlightned and haue tasted of the heauenly gift of the good worde of God of the ioyes of the worlde to come and in generall were made partakers of the holy Ghost if they fall away c. If it be asked why God doth bestow these excellent graces on the reprobate as it were throwing pearles among swine we answere that he doth it especially for these three causes first for the setting forth of his owne glory For by this worke his loue mercy goodnesse wisedome and trueth appeareth euen to the reprobate on whom as he letteth the raine to fal and his sun to shine as wel as on the faithfull so he powreth foorth his graces as well on the one as on the other although not after the same manner for although the eternall loue of God which bringeth with it eternall saluation doth belong to the elect onely yet there is a generall and as we may terme it a temporary loue which God beareth to all his creatures and in them towardes all men both elect and reprobate Secondly this is done in regard of the elect for whose sake God blesseth the reprobate with whome they liue both in temporal and spirituall things and whose saluation is furthered and some time wrought by the giftes and ministery of these men Lastly God doth by this meanes make them who are indued with these graces the more inexcusable in that they contemne and treade vnder foote so great mercy Nowe we are to declare the difference which is betwixt true regeneration and this supernaturall decrease of sinne which is a shadowe of it First therefore true regeneration is generall stretching it selfe ouer all the faculties and partes of the soule and body and working an vniuersall holines as the leauen which being put into a greate lumpe of dow neuer ceaseth spreading it selfe abroad till the whole lumpe be seasoned Luke 13. 21. But the shadowe faileth for the most part in one point of holinesse or other yea often many partes of sanctification are wanting as the minde is often enlightned with the knowledge of the truth whenas the obedience of life and outward actions is wanting 1. Cor. 8. 1. We haue all knowledge knowledge puffeth vp but loue edifieth Againe there may be seene in them good affections without knowledge Rom. 6. I beare witnesse saith the Apostle that the Iewes haue the zeale of GOD yet not according to knowledge Yea often the minde is enlightned in part and in part remaineth in ignorance as in those who professing and holding in iudgement the trueth of the gospell to witte of the fund amental and chiefe doctrines of it doe together maintaine many errours and heresies We doe not deny but thaâ— one truely regenerate may be in some errors for we all knowe but in parte 1. Cor. 13. yet this is the force and propertie of a regenerate minde to be able to discerne the trueth from errour when as both are laide before it howsoeuer it did not see it before And therefore when as we see a man although endued with many giftes yet to be of a corrupt minde and vnsound iudgement enclining alwaies to the wrong part in matters of religion his regeneration may in that respect be
fearefull panges of desperation such extreame sorrowe feare and humiliation that he may truely be saide to passe to heauen through the middest of hell Againe some of these new men are borne in so greate strength and perfection as if they were not babes but growen men in Christe As was the Apostle Paule who came into this spirituall world not onely a perfect man but also a mighty giant euen an notable apostle whereas others in the beginning of their regeneration are so weake in the performance of the actions of spirituall life that it may be greatly doubted whether they haue any life or no. Lastly the signes of regeneration are as many as are the seuerall partes and heads of sanctification and therefore whosoeuer desireth to knowe whether that this new man be begotten in himselfe or no let him consider diligently that which followeth in all the third sections of this treatise applying it to himselfe see whether that he finde this straunge change in his own soul or no whether that he be fully perswaded of the trueth of Gods worde which saieth that the dead shall one day be raised vp to life and that all those who did beleeue in Christ shall enioy eternall happinesse in heauen or doe secretly in his mind doubt of the trueth of these thinges whether that for his good estate in this world he depend on GOD or vpon his owne wisdome strength riches and friends whether that he feare God or man more whether that his chiefe delight be in seruing God in praising God in hearing reading meditating on the worde of God or in worldly pleasures in eating drinking sleeping in pastime in the pompe and outwarde shewe of the worlde whether that he haue the grace to pray dayly to God for all spirituall graces distinctly and seuerally one by one or that he prayeth seldome lightly and but for fashions sake whether that he loue those who feare God as he doth his owne brethren or children or else is effected to them no otherwise then to other men by these signes and many other which are hereafter to be declared at large this regeneration may easely and certainly be knowen And therefore it standeth euery man in hand who desireth to escape the second death to examine himselfe whether that he haue anie parte in this first resurrection as the Apostle doth exhort 2. Cor. 13. 5. saying Trie your selues whether ye be in the faith or no knowe ye not that Christ is in you except ye be reprobats Lastly as the happinesse so also the holynesse of this third estate excelleth the first holynesse of man in that it is perpetuall and cannot by any meanes be lost for whereas this seed of regeneration is once sowen by the hand of God there it remaineth for euer and bringeth foorth fruite to life euerlasting 1. Ioh. 3. 10. Euery one that is borne of God doth not sinne neither can sinne because the seed of God is in him Where by sin he meaneth a totall apostasie from God not a particular sinne the which the faithfull do often commit without indaungering their saluation Which doth not depend on their owne righteousnesse as Adams did but vpon the righteousnesse of Christ. This certainty of perseuerance in the faith cōmeth not of any strength of man but of the goodnesse of God who confirmeth vnto the end all those whom he doth once effectually call Chapter 4. Sect. 1. Of faith in generall and of legall faith THe first kind of subiection which man oweth to God is that which the subiect or tennant oweth to his king or liegelord of whom he holdeth his houses lands possessions by whose fauour procured by dutifull obedience he liueth in a good and happy state whose anger would be to him extreame miserie and euen death it selfe and may be called affiance or dependaunce Thus was man in his first creation affected to God on whom onely he did depende and relie himselfe for a happie estate This subiection is in holy scripture called faith because the obiect of it is the faithfulnesse of God and the trueth of his worde and promises For as in the latin phrase habere fidem is to giue credence to another so in diuinitie to haue faith is to attribute faithfulnesse to God or to acknowledge him to be faithfull in all his promises both by beleeuing them as also by depending on them Thus Sara is saide Hebr. 11. 11 To haue had faith in that she iudged God to be faithfull in his promises This faith is of two kindes the faith wherewith Adam was endued in his first creation and the faith which God giueth in regeneration the first is called vsually legall the other Euangelicall The which two kindes although they doe differ the one from the other yet they agree in substance being of the same nature in generall and therefore we wil first declare the generall doctrine which is common to both the kindes of faith and then see what is proper to each kind and wherein the one differeth from the other Fayth in generall is thus defined Affiance in Gods promises propounding eternall happinesse to the perfect holinesse of the reasonable creature or to man being perfectly holy Or thus Faith is the trust and confidence of a mans heart relying himselfe wholly on God for eternall happinesse to be had by perfect holynesse Or thus Faith is the affiance of the hearte arising of an effectuall perswasion of the trueth of Gods worde which promiseth happinesse to man being perfectly holy and threatneth eternall misery to him being polluted with sinne Iames. 1. 19. The diuels beleeue and tremble These definitions being in substance all one offer diuerse poyntes to be considered and first what part or facultie of mans soule is the Subiect and Seate of faith whether the minde the will or the affections whether one some or all of them For answere hereof in that we say that faith is affiance trust or confidence we doe plainly put it among the affections For so it seemeth to be of the same kinde with hope loue feare and the rest of the spirituall graces al which and especiallie faith although they spring from a former knowledge and are alwaies ioyned with it yet they are in nature to be distinguished from it As in this instance faith hath the originall and beginning in the minde for a man can neuer relie himselfe wholly on God for happinesse vnlesse he be perswaded that God both can and will make him happie Yet not the bare contemplation and perswasion of the mind but the affiance and affection of the heart is faith and yet for somuch as it is impossible that a man shoulde be fullie perswaded in his minde of the trueth of Gods promises and not together set his whole affiaunce and fayth on him or that he shoulde be by faith rightly affected towarde GOD vnlesse first he haue the knowledge of GOD and of his promises hence it is that fayth is often placed