whom and to whom are all things g Rom. 11.36 and hath most Sveraign Dominion over them to do by them for them and upon them whatsoever himself pleaseth h Re 4.11 1 Tim 6.15 Dan 4.25 35. In his sight all things are open and manifest i Heb 4.13 his knowledge is infinite infallible and independent upon the creature k Rom 11.33 34. Psa 147.5 so as nothing to him is contingent or uncertain l Act 15.18 Ezek 11.5 He is most holy in all his counsels in all his works and in all his commands m Psa 145.17 Rom 7.12 to him is due from Angels and men and every other creature whatsoever worship service or obedience he is pleased to require of them n Revel 5.12 13 14. III. In the unity of the Godhead there be three Persons of one substance power and eternity God the Father God the Son and God the Holy Ghost o 1 Joh 5.7 Mat 3.16.17 Mat 28.19 2 Cor 13.14 The Father is of none neither begotten nor proceeding The Son is eternally begotten of the Father p Joh 1.14.18 The Holy Ghost eternally proceeding from the Father and the Son q Joh 1.15.26 Gal 4.6 CHAP. II. Of God and of the Holy Trinity Examined IN This Chapter yon present us in the first Section with a large description of Gods Essence where we cannot but wonder that you should omit an essential to him and an essence so bright and glorious in the Godhead as the Divine light of God is whereby he manifests himself unto Angels and Men opposeth himself to the Prince of darkness And of which glorious Attribute or Nature of his the word of God maketh so frequent mention There are found in the holy Scripture some short but excellent descriptions of him first Hebr 11.6 That God is that is he onely is of from by and in himself and all other things are by in and for him Secondly God is light 1 John 1.5 that is a lightful bright and glorious being Thirdly God is a Spirit John 4.24 that is a most spiritual being yea that Spirit 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 2 Cor. 3 17. Lastly God is love 1 John 4.16 that is a most holy good gratious kinde patient vertuous and perfect Being for love is the bond of perfection Col. 3.14 see 1 Cor. 13.1 2 to the 13. Now it seems strange unto us that you which are and who would be accounted Seers should not observe the second of these Is not light Gods glorious Robe and Vestment Psal 104.2 Who coverest thy self wiâ—h light as with a garment Is not light Gods habitation Who dwelleth in the light whereunto no man can approach 1 Tim 6.16 Doth not God distinguish himself and his work from Satans and his Kingdom by this very thing 1 John 1.5 6 7. This then is the message which we have received of him and declare unto you that God is light and in him dwelleth no darkness at all c. Is not God the Father called the light of Israel Isa 10.17 And the light of Israel shall be for a fire and his holy one for a flame Is it not said of the Son of God John 1.9 That was the true light which lighteth every man which cometh into the world Is not the Holy Ghost the everlasting light of Gods spiritual Jerusalem Isa 60.20 Thy Sun shall no more go down neither shall thy Moon withdraw it self for the Lord shall be thine everlasting light and the daies of thy mourning shall be ended Is not Gods work in the regenerate light of this light Ephes 5.8 For ye were once darkness but now ye are light in the Lord. Yea Is not our everlasting inheritance a participating of his living and glorious light Psal 36.9 For with thee is the Fountain of life and in thy light we shall set light Col. 1.12 Giving thanks unto God the Father who hath made us meet to be partakers of the inheritance of the Saints in light Brethren what would you think of him who should undertake to give you a description of the Sun and should leave out his glorious splendor and light would you not conclude he had suffered some Ecclipse of his inward and outward senses But we desire to spare you and hope the best of many of you But here we must not omit to shew our great detestation of a late Diabolical Doctrine which turns God into a Devil making him the Author of the evils of sin aswell as the evils of punishment and affirming that he is the worker in deeds of darkness aswel as in the works of light yea maintaining that he is aswell pleased with the one as the other See 1 John 1.5 This then is the Message which we have heard of him and declare unto you that God is light and in him is no darkness at all If we say that we have fellowship with him and walk in darkness we lie and do not the truth So also Jam. 3.11 CHAP. III. Of God's Eternal Decree GOd from all Eternity did by the most wise and holy Councel of his own will freely and unchangable ordain whatsoever comes to pass a Eph 1.11 Ro 11.33 Heb 6.17 Rom 9.15 18. yet so as that neither is God the Author of sin b Jam. 1.13 17. 1 John 1.5 nor is violence offered to the will of the creatures nor is the liberty or contingency of second causes taken away but rather established c Act 2.23 Mat 17.12 Acts 4.27 28. Job 19.11 Pro 16.33 II. Although God knows whatsoever may or can come to pass upon all supposed conditions d Act 15.18 1 Sam 23 12. Mat 11.21 23. yet hath he not decreed any thing because he fore-saw it as future or as that which would come to pass upon such conditions e Rom 9.11 13 16 18. III. By the decree of God for the manifestation of his glory some men and Angels f 1 Tim 5.21 Mat 25.41 are predestinated unto everlasting life and others fore-ordained to everlasting death g Rom 9.22 23. Eph 1.5 6. Pro 16.4 IV. These men and Angels thus predestinated and fore-ordained are particularly and unchangable designed and their number is so certain and definite that it cannot be either increased or diminished h 2 Tim 2.9 Joh 13.18 V. Those of mankinde that are predestinated unto life God before the foundation of the world was laid according to his eternal and immutable purpose and the secret counsel and good pleasure of his will hath chosen in Christ unto everlasting glory i Eph 1.4 9 12. Rom 8.30 2 Tim 1.9 1 Thes 5.9 out of his meer free grace and love without any foresight of faith or good works or preseverance in either of them or any other thing in the creature as conditions or causes moving him thereunto and all to the praise of his glorious grace l Eph 1.6 12. VI. As God hath appointed the Elect unto glory so
the Apostles shew both of the one and of the other and first of the Angels 2 Pet. 2.4 God spared not the Angels that sinned but cast them down into Hell Jude 6. And the Angels which kept not their first estate but left their own habitation he hath reserved in everlasting chaines under darkness to the judgement of the great day And secondly concerning men 2 Thes 2.12 That all might be damned who beleeve not the truth but had pleasure in unrighteousness Now these and some other Scriptures by us alledged do not speak immediately of Gods eternal Decree yet we know that God works all things in time according to the counsel of his own will from eternity Ephes 1.11 In your fourth Section you declare your selves more fully in this point of Predestination saying These Angels and men thus Predestinated and fore ordained are particularly and unchangeably designed and their number is so certain and definite that it cannot be either encreased or diminished Which words of yours we will grant to be true First of the Angels after some had stood fast in obedience and others had fallen but this was a destination in time not a predestination from eternity Secondly Of Angels and men out of the special fore-knowledge of God whereby he certainly foresaw the perseverance of the good Angels in obedience when the wicked spirits fell as also the persistance of the Saints in faith and obedience towards grace which should be exhibited on the one hand with the Apostacy of the lapsed Angels and the obstinacy of the impenitent men and backsliding temporaries on the other hand and so accordingly determined that the one part should be saved and the other perish But that Gods decree in the general toward Angels and men was onely conditional and did no wayes necessitate either to sin and damnation or to obedience and salvation it is evident out of these ensuing texts and many more As for the Apostate Angels the fault of their Apastacy is wholly and clearly ascribed to themselves 2 Pet. 2.4 Jude 6. as before And as for men it is said Luke 7.30 the Pharisees and Lawyers did frustrate the counsel of God against themselves 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which things would not possibly be done unless God's counsel was conditional add 2 Pet. 3.9 But God is long-suffering to us ward not willing that any should perish but that all should come to repentance which is spoken aswel of singula generum as of genera singulorum and you had before God's oath Ezek. 33.11 As I live saith the Lord I have no pleasure in the death of the wicked To confirm his affirmation Ezek 18.23 Have I any pleasure at all that the wicked should die And as there is no enforcing necessity from Gods decree to dispose Angels and men to obedience or disobedience life or death so neither was there any necessity of nature that is want of liberty in their wills or inability to obey before their fall whatsoever there is left afterwards in mankinde But if you mean by this particular and unchangeable designing men and Angels an absolute irrespective and peremtorie or inevitable dispose of some Angels and men to life and of others to destruction and that from eternity you do not onely make God a respecter of persons in those that are appointed to life from which the Scripture vindicates the Lord frequently Acts 10.34 Rom 2.11 Deut. 10.17 1 Pet. 1.17 But this contradicts what you speak concerning God Chapter the second where you describe him to be most wise most holy most loving most gratious most merciful and most righteous c. When you ascribe to him such a peremtory and irrevocable Decree of condemning thousands of Angels and men everlastingly and that before they had done or purposed any evil against him or yet had any being Consider this we pray you could any of you which is a father and scarce hath one drop of love mercy and goodness compared with God's ocean appoint one or more of your little babes which yet never offended you to be burned to death How far then must it be from the gratious disposition of him that is love it self and whose bowels of Compassion are infinite inevitably to designe so many millions of Angels his children by creation to endless and insufferable flames of fire before they had any existence in nature or capacity of offending In your Fifth Section you say that those of mankinde that are predestinated unto life are chosen by God before the foundation of the world was laid according to his eternal and immutable purpose and the secret counsel and good pleasure of his will in Christ unto everlasting glory out of his meer free grace and love All which is true both of Gods general and special election But whereas you add these words in conclusion without any foresight of Faith or good works or perseverance in either of them as conditions or causes moving him thereunto It is a most dangerous error and falsehood For was not that counsel of God which Paul declared to the Churches Acts 20.27 briefly comprehended in that Doctrine whereby as he himself saith he testified bâ—th to the Jewes and also to the Gentiles repentance towards God and faith towards our Lord Jesus Christ Act. 20.20.21 Doth not the same Apostle tell us Rom. 8.29 That those whom God foreknew he did predestinate to be made conformable to the Image of his Son Doth not Saint Peter tell the believing Jews that they were elect according to the foreknowledge of God through sanctification of the Spirit to obedience and the sprinkling of the blood of Jesus Christ 1 Peâ— 1.2 Doth not Saint Paul declare the counsel or will of God to be conditional when he saith 1 Tim. 2.3 4. For this is good and acceptable before God who will have all men to be saved and to that end to come to the knowledge of the truth Are not the words of Saint Peter clear also to that effect 2. Pet. 3.9 Who willeth not that any man should perish but that all men should come to repentance Is not the saving grace of God which hath appeared to all men conditional by the Apostles own testimony Tit. 2.11 12. For the Grace of God which bringeth salvation to all men bath appeared teaching us that denying ungodliness and worldly lusts we should live soberly righteously and godly in this present world Is not the Gospel it self which is a declaration of the whole counsel of God to be published conditionally Mat. 18.19 20. Mark 16.15.16 Go yee into all the world and preach the Gospel to every creature he that believeth and is baptized shall be saved but he that believeth not shall be damned Doth not God best know what his own will and counsel is and was from eternity when he tels us Ezâ—k 18. and 33 and almost every where else in the old Testament that the obstinate sinner shall die but such as convert to him shall live Yea the finall and
THE LATE Assembly of Divines CONFESSION OF FAITH EXAMINED As it was presented by them unto THE PARLIAMENT WHEREIN Many of their excesses and defects of their confusions and disorders of their errors and contradictions are presented both to themselves and others Humanum est errare l abi decipi c. Humanius nihil est quam errantem revocare 2 Thessal 3.2 For all men have not faith LONDON Printed in the yeer 1651. TO THE The Supream Authority THE PARLIAMENT of ENGLAND Right Honorable I Am more then confident you will not be offended that I presume though unworthy to present this Examen of the late Synods Confession of faith to your grave and discerning judgements The Auhors of the said confession did present the same to the Parliament so we that are not satisfied in it do with all humility the like ut vincat veritas which is magis amica quam amicus Plato quam amicus Lutherus quam amicus Calvinus therefore is to be sought out of all that love it which cannot be but as Solomon saith Eccl. 7. In another case by setting one contrary to the other to the end a man finde nothing after him it is an old and true maxime Opposita juxtâ— se posita clariùs Elucescunt as white and black illustrate one another and I faile much in my intellectuals if you finde not all the argumenta dissentanea here as making a vast difference betwixt their confession and this examen thereof for you may observe in some passage the dissentane a diversa betwixt them by which though there might have been a consent in many things yet aliqua logica ratione dissentiunt as by a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Here you may finde opposita disparata quorum unum multis opponitur Here you may finde opposita contraria quorum unum uni tantum opponitur as contraria relata that though we all confess the same Father yet rara est concordia fratrum in these two Treatises Here are opposita adversa in such things quae inter se velut è regione perpetuo adversantur like as virtus and vitium Here are contraria negantia likewise to be found as contradicentia quorum alterum aiit alterum negat ubique they affirm that which we deny they say sin will and must remaine in the best regenerate men as long as they live here which we according to Scripture do confidently deny And finally here are betwixt them contraria privantia as habitus and privatio which is the greatest opposition in Divinity Truth and error light and darkness each seeking the destroying the possibility of the other yet in all these that which Solomon faith Prov. 18.17 is verified of us both respectivly He that is first in his own cause seemeth just but his neighbor cometh and searcheth him The late Synod have been first in there own cause as most desire to be and seem just now we their well wishing neighbour to truth take the boldness to come and search them presuming that you most impartiall and judicious Senators will vouchsafe unto us the like 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in this our humble tender as you did to them Surely the Parliament would never with such a publike lifting up of hands to the most high have entered into a Covenant to reform as the ultimate end of it the worship of God in Doctrine and discipline Yea they would never have commanded us inferiours upon pain of their displeasure wherby they have been looked on as irreligious that refused to enter into the said Covenant for reformation Yea they would never I believe have convocated an Assembly of English and Scotish Divines to search out the truth which is according to godliness but that it was there real intention that such a worship of God which is made the chief motive to the Covenant might be found out and established in three Nations whereby Gods people might become one and the name of God in truth one among them Right worthy Heroes when I considered of these particulars I resolved against all impediments humbly to present this unto you and to the publick view because I am obliged unto it by the said Covenant to yeild my indeavors in my place and calling to the said reformation which I cannot I suppose perform in any way like the publishing this examen to undeceive many yea if it be the will of God the deceived Authors of that Confession who have so failed in a Confession of Faith set out to regulate the judgements and practises of three Nations in a good life the sum of all toward God and man Give me leave therefore I beseech you to use in some measure of sincerity the words of Job cap. 36.2.3 Suffer me a little and I will shew you what I have to say on Gods behalf I will fetch my knowledge from afar and will ascribe righteousness to my Maker My prayer is likewise that the Authors of the second Directory may recollect themselves to do the like that their second thoughts may be better then their first and I wish they may be so far from envy and displeasure at what is here presented to publicke view as they may say with David Psal 141.15 It shall be an excellent oyle like that which Christ counselled the Church of Laodicea Revela 3.18 to buy and annoint their eyes that they may see the truth which will appear to all that try all things by the touchstone of truth the word of God which the Assembly themselves acknowledge Chap. 1. Sect. 9. of their confession to be the only and infallible rule of inter pretation to which rule we all that have our head and heart concurring to prepare this or the like examinatioÌ„ for the Press referr our selves who would have subscribed our names but that the fear of envy and some other evil consequences press a concealment of some but I have adveured to offer this most honored Patriots to your serious consideration to subscribe my name because I doubted that a Smectâ—mnius covert would not satisfie the Parliaments order the transgression of which in another case though I was not sponte nocens I suffered deeply for which is that some as I am informed must subscribe their name to own if they will avoid offence what is printed therfore I have put my hopes in my hand and adventured the subscribing my name that this may come forth according to order and I fulfill the Proverb The worst must hold the candle that by the light thereof all that do not out of prejudice shut their eyes may see truth from error and mistakes in the foresaid confession the discovery of which I am induced to hold forth because for many yeers I have to some detriment bin under the censure of many supposed great errors against many assertions laid down in the said Confession therefore to vindicate my self I have great reason to promote what verily I am perswaded to be truth
cogit triplices ad praelia sectas Hásque omnes temerat caede livore dolis Effugient pauci Lotus ut de triplice sectâ Uvas qui Sodomae non comedêre suae E Babylone fugam propera properante ruinâ Ne te corripiant dira flagella Dei. Mitte fidem citus hanc nobis tot monstra creantem Quot nescit monstri Nilus ipse ferax Ad pulsus cytharae vestrae saltabimus omnes An fidibus vestris admodulanda fides Sis Gomarhaee puer pueris coeleste paratur Regnum stultescas si sapuisse velis Cum Christo moriare prius vivatur ut illi Quà m nos de Christo tale quid edoceas Scire tuum nihil est vetitae nocet arboris esus Obsequium ad vitam jam patefecit iter Vera fides coelis ignem deducit Amoris Igneus hic currus tollit ad astra virum Quicquid lex mandat quicquid sacra foedera spondent Et Legem Vates unus adimplet Amor. Arbor quid vitalis Amor. Paradisus Amores Fons Edenis Amor. Vita perennis Amor. Quid Deus ipsus Amor fine Marte cupidinis expers Cui Veneres virtus fas pietásque faces THE Lamentation over the Synod of DORT OR The verses of an out-landish but a learned and peaceable man since deceased unto and upon that Synod sitting in the fatal yeer presently after the great blazing Star that messenger of Gods wrath and the foreteller of the worlds ensuing calamities appeared Anno Dom. 1618. now turned into English WHen in the Netherlands the learned crew Of James Arminius first 'gan to brew Or broach their sober Tenets to the Dutch Prejudice-drunk uncapable of such The Gomarist the fatal Comets brother A Synod called at Dort which was no mother And being set upon the judgement throne Convents th' Arminians yet leave out one But Dordrect might have learnt of Amsterdame No man that lives well for his faith to blame Yet in that Synod rests a knot untide Who shall Umpire be 'twixt side and side Sayest thou the Scripture That each side doth wrest They make their own sence not the Text the Test A rule is one thing in a lightful place A Judge another in a doubtful case Shal then the Church be judge which of the twain The Roman Synagogue or Lutheran Neither say you the former are my foes The later with Arminius doth close Will yee the Dominick shall moderate No they in some thing suit the knaves I hate Then chuse the Anabaptists at a pinch No I fear drowning if they me should drench Wilt thou be judge thy self That likes me well What foe judge foe So heaven may yield to hell Then let Arminius have leave to cite The Gomarists and boldly them indite If Gomarists shall any Vorsty yield Let that learned combatant be barr'd the field And let new Spanish inquisitions With interrogatories vex those sons Be sure with heresie thy charge be strong With schisme them burden be it right or wrong Damn them to hell as reprobates alive The Authors of their damning Art deprive What shall for truth for falshood pass decree The Law is in thine hand be bold and free Thine Articles of faith bring into light Though they be errors darker then the night Awake the civil sword the soldier call To helpe the cause of Christ material Now Gomarist doth all this seem accurst Why didst thou then this way pursue at first Cymerian darkness droppeth from thy quil The ship of truth doth touch the Armenian hil Who to these haltings twain shall be umpire Unless some new Elias bring down fire Dost thou reply that prophets now are gone Then in the list of prophets thou art none Prophesie faith and knowledge cease But when When peece-works have an end with perfect men A prophet wants not honor save at home I le prophecy of some but be no Mome One by Loves spiri't doth evangelize Of love and peace against wickedness and vice Another in his eight books doth impart Th' Heavenly treasures hidden in mans heart A third to Ninivitish penitence Like a new Jonas doth us all incense A Belgick prophetess I here could spring Sions laments who dolefully doth sing Pretor's Elias and Schnaubar Divine Europes post writer make up a new trine What need I pantel Trapim Faire recite Or Behman who did like a prophet write Arnd and thy lesser prophets I forget Oh what a harvest here of prophets met Was not the Comet late a prophet true Of errors schismes and wars which all must rue Armin's when he had write Elias found With him the fire of love which to the ground Consumes the altar with the sacrifice Oh that thou Gomarist mighst find the prize Who had he lived would an Elisha prove But death untimely did the man remove When he that did these Articles discry Of the disease articular doth ly What faith is this which soyles the Deity With little-less then tacit blasphemy Decrees Laconick which were writ in blood Saturne his sons devouring far from good Yet far more cruel things to God the Fount And Ocean of goodness thou dost count Who mak'st him damne from all eternity Most men then guiltless with unmov'd decree Which Soveraign justice to him such ascribes As him from favor frees not though from bribes Whilst men of equal merits it will have Some to destroy at pleasure some to save Which to the herds of Epicure sets ope a gate By Stoical necessity and fate If all things hurryed be by fatal stream Drink Dutch man cover of no vertue dream Which for the fathers fault condemn's the seed This God abjures and this his lawes forbid Go burn thy guiltless infants Gomarist That thou with th' name of justice may'st be blest Which the most simple Deity doth fill Here with a double but contrary will Who by his secret will would few men save By his revealed none would damned have Doth not this faith make him an hypocrite And worse then Satan see the foul despight For by the Laws of contraries the Devil Hath a will secret good but th' open evil Which of Divine Elections makes no choice Though one a calling is from sin and vice Another crowneth after tryal late A third from ages all conditionate Which saith that Esau yet unborn was hated Ere he or good or ill had perpetrated But why should God himself so oft perplex Creating things so hated self to vex God of two seeds did to Rebecca say The younger people shall the elder sway It is the house of Edom desperate Whom Malachy doth shew this God to hate Which general for sorts Christs ransome makes But individuals must claim no stakes Is not Christs Godhead then a boundless spirit Infinite in mercy as well as merit Which makes God now create all men impure Can he produce uncleanness most past cure Which maketh God use force and violence When his converting work he doth commence Hence slothful souls till they drop into hel Expect a time when God
corrupted that without it we could not have been saved or brought to communiō w th God again by that his other conceptiō alone in the womb of the Virgin Mary as neither could infants be saved without his other presence spoken of before Thus is Christ both the resurrection and the life Joh. 11.25 viz. a life preservation to the innocent a resurrection to the dead who beleev on him obey him In your 3 Section you are first much mistaken and afterwards no less defective Mistaken in these things 1. That you say That the Lord Jesus in his human nature was sanctified above measure For though it is said of him Joh. 3.34 that he receiveth not the spirit by measure yet that is spoken of the God-head which alone is infinite As for his humanity it being a creature must needs be finite though spiritually enriched above any other creature 2. Whereas you say or imply That in his humanity likewise all treasures of wisdom are hidden it is a mistake likewise For that place Col. 2.3 to which you refer us speaks of the Diety likewise The same we say concerning Colos 1.19 where it is written that it pleased the Father that in him should all fulness dwell by you appropriated but amiss to his human nature 2. Though it must be granted also to be true which the Aposte speakes Heb. 7 26. that he is holy hormless undefiled and separate from sinners and made higher then the Heavens yet the last words transfer this honor to the Deity especially and not to the humanity alone as you would restrain them And thus he is throughly furnished to do the great office of a Mediator which Office as you truely say Christ did not take upon himself of his own head but was there unto called of his Father who hath put all power judgement into his hand Thus of your mistakes deficient you are in setting forth what and wherein the Mediatorship of Christ doth mainly consist especially in his works of spiritual Mediation Intercession and Redemption In your 4. Section you have in part set forth Christs twofold state in the humanity the one of humiliation the other of exaltation but if you will confider what you have here omitted you will have more cause to be humbled then exalted For 1. You make no mention at all of that great work of his wherein Gods justice and severity against sin is so conspicuous and the love of Christ towards mankind is so illustrious to wit Christs descending into Hel his suffering there for us the torments due to the sins of the whole world Which grand article of the Faith though retain'd in the most ancient Creeds confessed in the most Orthodox Councels is by you suppressed to the eternal blemish of this your confession But Consider we pray you was not Jonah three daies afflicted or tormented by the sense of Gods wrath upon him in the belly of Leviathan as a type of our Saviours future sufferings See Jonah 2.2 Out of the belly of Hell have I cried unto thee compared with Mat. 12.40 For as Jonah was 3 daies and 3 nights in the Whales belly so shall the Son of man be 3 daies and 3 nights in the heart of the earth Doth not the Apostle also expresly say Ephes 4 9. Now that be ascended what is it but that he also descended first into the lower parts of the earth Where take notice of two things First Of the comparative 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the lower which is according to an usual Hellenism in the New Testament put for the superlative the lowest as utter darkness is put for the utmost darkness And Secondly That the heart of the earth afore-named Matth. 12. and the lower parts of the earth here mentioned cannot possibly be understood of Christs Sepulther which was upon the superficies of the earth Thirdly Doth not Christ comfort himself with this that though he knew he should go into hell yet he fore-saw that God would not leave his soul there alwayes Psal 16.10 for thou wit not leave my soul in hell neither wilt thou suffe◠thine holy one to see corruption Doth not St. Peter seconded with the other Apostles and all filled with the holy Ghost in the day of Pentecost expresly affirm Acts 2.24 the God raised up Christ from the dead loosing the paines of death c Now Christs body while it remained in the grave was not in any pain therefore it was his soul that at the hour of his resurrection was loosed from those paines and torments But here two things seem to puzle you First That saying of Christs upon the Cross not long before his expirement John 19.30 crying it is finished Secondly That he sayeth to the penitent theef this day thou shalt be with me in Paradise Luke 23.43 To which we answer severally as followeth To the first We object a like place John 17.4 where our Saviour saith unto his Father some space before his death I have finished the work which thou gavest me to do that is I have almost finished it And how much more then might Christ so say when he had suffered so much more in the garden before his Judges and upon the cross If you reply That in the former place he speaks of his ministery we will rejoyn that he speaks here of the sacrifice and offering up of his corporal life both to fulfil the types of the Old Testament and to set us an example of dying with him To the second we answer with Gillebert in Bernard That as man consists of three distinct parts body soul spirit 1 Thes 5.23 seconded with Hebr. 4.12 So did Christs humanity also consist of the same parts Psal 16 9 10. Therefore my heart is glad and my glory rejoyceth my flesh also shall rest in hope for thou wilt not leave my soul in Hell nor suffer thine holy one to see corruption Where the heart is the soul and the flesh the body so the glory was his spirit which Jacob also calls his honour Gen 49.6 O my soul come not thou into their secret unto their assembly mine honour be not thou united Which two are dissevered again by a gradation Isa 26.9 With my soul have I desired thee in the night yea with my spirit within me will I seek thee early The which distinction of parts being most clear we say then that the spirit of Christ at his death immediately ascended to God according to those words Luke 23.43 aforesaid This day shalt thou be with me in Paradise his body also was laid in the grave yet saw no corruption but his soul went to hell there to suffer for us the condign punishment of our sins in the proper place of punishment Oh justice upon the surety to be trembled at for ever O love in Christ never to be forgotten Secondly You are deficient in setting forth the inward and spiritual crucifying death and burial of Christ within us ever since our fall
all sinners as we have proved by manifold Scriptures it is not by him applyed unto all men as your selves will confess but if we here take up the inward and spiritual redemption of Christ that is not purchased for us but we are rather purchased by it and in the very working of it it being an inward work of Christs it must needs be effectually applyed also Secondly Whereas you say That Christ makes intercession for all such as he bath redeemed it is false also for some deny even him that bought them and that in an Apostatical way and by bringing in damnable heresies whereby they bring upon themselves swift destruction 2 Pet 2.1 But we justly doubt you whether you understand aright what the intercession of Christ doth mean For his intercession at large comprehends his whole office of mediation Isa 53.12 and Heb. 7.25 but to take his intercession for his supplicative office as you here intend it consists principally if not alone in the spiritual intercessions which he makes unto God for in his Saints by his holy spirit Ro. 8.26 27. As for his intercession at large of which we conceive the Apostle speaketh Rom. 8.34 Christ useth or imployeth that for none other but those whom the Father hath called and given unto him and for them also so long as they continue with him For the Lord is with us while we are with him 2 Chron. 15.2 1 Chron. 28 9. The like we say of his revealing his Mysteries unto them whether by the word or without it and of his effectual perswading of them by his Spirit to beleeve Where again you are mistaken for God onely illuminates and makes known his truth unto us but it is our part to set to our seal thereunto in our power to withhold the same What you speak also of Christs governing the hearts of all those whom he hath redeemeed by his word and spirit and of the overcoming of all their enemies by his almighty power and wisdom in such manner and wayes as he sees good all these may be true or false according to the limitations aforesaid Yet here you tacitely grant or imply Christs inward or spiritual mediation though you own it not for such a work Yea which is more to be wondered at you here import that Christ by his almighty power doth overcome and subdue in and unto his redeemed people all their enemies to wit Satan and their corruptions which elsewhere you hold to be unconquerable here or not wholly to be subdued in this life But truth is so evident and forcible that where it is not narrowly watched and suppressed it will break forth at unawares By all this which in this Chapter we have set forth if the Lord open your eyes rightly to read it we hope you will be brought to acknowledge that the predictions of Christ and his Apostles concerning the departure from the faith are already come to pass and that forewarning of his that there should arise false Christs and false Prophets is fulfilled and consequently that there should be great need and cause for the Gospel to be preached anew to all the world as Christ himself foretold Matth. 24.14 and that mercy or blessing was foreshewed to John Revel 14.6.7 For even those Authors whom ye counted the greatest lights of this last age have very little sight or knowledge of that great Mystery Christ Jesus in you the hope of glory Colos 1.27 Yea they have been all the publishers of a false conceived Mediator or Christ CHAP. IX Of Free-wil GOD hath indued the will of man with that natural liberty that it is neither forced nor by any absolute necessity of nature determined to good or evil a Mat 17.12 Jam 1.14 Deut 30.19 II. Man in his state of innocency had freedom and power to will and to do that which was good and wel-pleasing to God b Eccl. 7.29 Gen 1.26 but yet mutably so that he might fall from it c Gen 2.16 17. Gen 3.6 III. Man by his fall into a state of sin hath wholly lost all ability of will to any spiritual good accompanying salvation d Ro 8.7 John 15.5 so as a natural man being altogether averse from that good e Rom 3.10.12 and dead in sin f Ep 2.1 5. Col 2.13 he is not able by hiâ— own strength to convert himself or prepare himself thereunto g John 6.44 65. Eph 2.2 3.4 5. 1 Cor 2.14 Titus 3.3 4 5. IV. When God converts a sinner and translates him into the state of grace he freeth him from his natural bondage under sin h Ga 1.13 John 8.34 36. and by his grace alone inables him freely to will and to do that which is spiritually good i Phil 2.12.13 Ro 6.18 21. yet so as that by reason of his remaining corruption he doth not perfectly nor onely will that which is good but doth also will that which is evil k Gal 5.17 Rom 7.15 18 19 21 22 V. The will of man is made perfectly and immutably free to good alone in the state of glory onely l Eph 4.13 Heb 12.23 John 3.2 Jude v. 24. CHAP. IX Of Free-will Examined ALthough man be alwayes a free Agent in some measure yet is he not at all times such a patient nor can we expect you here to be voluntary sufferers But if you will give us leave to be free with you we must acquaint you that even in this short Chapter there are many things though freely spoken by you yet but gratis dicta And especially in the three last Sections but we fear that you have granted more truth in the first Section then upon the view you will own again For you say That God hath endued the will of man with such natural liberty that it is neither forced nor by any absolute necessity of nature determined to good or evil for you seem in the first Section of the next Chapter directly to contradict yourselves saying That in our effectual calling God doth not onely renew our wils but determines them to that which is good by his Almighty power And that which you speak in the second Section That man in his state of innocency had freedome and power to wil and do that which was good well-pleasing to God but yet mutably so that he might all from it seems to us in some sort to hold true stil of all men as they are now born till they have personally and actually sinned And that Scripture to which you reser us Eccles 7.29 it speaking of mankinde in general and not of our first parents onely evicts so much in the very words saying Lo this onely have I found that God hath made man upright but they have found out many inventions To which others may be added as Jer. 2.21 For I had planted thee a noble vine wholly a right seed how then art thou turned into the degenerate plant of a wild vine unto me But that
not like to be decided in hast for it was not onely agitated betwixt Protestants and Papists but with intestine debate by the dessenting Doctors of each Church and that with seeming evidence of Scriptures on both sides So that great need there was of a Moderator to be sent from Heaven for the composing of this and manifold other most intricate controversies besides by reason of the returning darkness which after the Apostacy from the faith had overspread the Churches each side also haling the Scriptures velut obtorto collo to plead their cause Howbeit if our eyes had not been holden we might easily have observed that the Scriptures do distinguish both the Saints and their priviledges and that as some of those prerogatives are common to all and such is a possibility of not falling away from God totally and finally if they continue stedfast in their faith and obedience or after some slips rise up by repentance Psal 15.5 2 Pet. 1.10 So some others are peculiar to the Saints of the third form who have followed Christ both unto his death and resurrection and such is the prerogative of final perseverance or of impossibility to be deceived or seduced Mot. 24.24 And though God is constant in his love and assistance of grace yet even his called ones may by their inconstancy and wilful revolt from him alienate his heart from them irrecoverably as David well knew and warned his Solomon accordingly 1 Chro. 28.9 So true is that which the Prophet Azariah spake to Asa and his people 2 Chro. 15 2. Hear ye me Asa and all Judah and Benjamin the Lord is with you while you be with him if you seek him he will be found of you but if you forsake him he will forsake you There is indeed a Covenant made with David and his seed of constant continual and everlasting mercy 2 Sam. 7.14 15. Psa 89.28 37. Therefore is this called The sure mercies of David Isa 55.3 but who are these children of David not his seed after the flesh who have been long forsaken Psa 89.35 36 37. but that spiritual seed of Abraham and David also who are constant in their good will toward God and righteousness as we said before 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Luk. 2.14 And peace upon earth to good willing men But now to take a survey of your particular Sections In the very entrance of the first you shew that blindness is broken in upon the Churches First In that you set Gods accepting of us in his beloved before effectual calling as precedent whether in time or eternity to which last you incline whereas we are made accepted in his beloved Son after we are called and brought to obey him yea in some manner sanctified by him and not before And secondly In that you affirm of all the called ones and Saints in general that they shall certainly persevere to the end contrary to many express Scriptures some whereof were before produced First that of the unclean spirit which with set on worse then himself returned to his old house again Mat. 12.43 44 45. And that Rom. 11 22. Behold therefore the goodness and severity of God on them that fell severity but towards thee goodness if thou continue in his goodness otherwise thou also shalt be cut off That 1 Tim. 1.19 Holding faith and a good conscience which some having put away concerning faith have made shipwrack That of 1 Tim. 5.12 Having damnation because they have forsaken their first faith and verse 15. For some are already turned aside after Satan See 2 Tim. 1.15 Heb 6.2 3 4 5 6. Nor can these places following be fully answered to the worlds end Ezek. 18.24 But when the righteous turneth away from his righteousness and committeth iniquity and doth according to all the abominations that the wicked man doth shall he live c. Heb. 10.26 27 18. for if we sin willfully after we have received the knowledge of the truth there remaineth no more sacrifice for sin but a certain fearful looking for of judgement and fiery indignation which shall devour the adversaries He that despised Moses Law dyed without mercy under two or three witnesses Of how much sorer punishment shall he then be thought worthy that hath troden under foot the Son of God and counted the blood of the Covenant wherewith he was sanctified an unholy thing and hath done despight to the Spirit of Grace See verse 39. 2 Pet. 2.20 21 22. Jude verse 12. Revel 3.2 3. In your second Section almost every assertion is erroneous and false as followes First you say but most untruly That the Saints perseverance depends not at all upon their free will For did not Christ himself after some of his former Disciples were departed from him ask the twelve Apostles Will ye also go away Joh. 6.27 Intimating that he holds no man against his but they by the abuse of their free will might uncompelledly leave him yet at their own peril as Judas one of them afterwards did what was the true reason that Peter in his fall was pittyed and by our Saviour not only prayed for but holpen up again but because he was constant in his good will as our Saviour testifies of him and some others with him Mat. 26.45 The spirit indeed is willing but the flesh is weak Secondly That the perseverance of the Saints depends upon the immutability of the decree of Gods election whereas we have proved before that Gods general election of man is conditional and as for his special election it depends upon foreseen perseverance and not perseverance upon it and so doth Gods last and finall election as we shewed before also Thirdly That this perseverance depends upon the unchangeable love of God which as we have shewed may by our unworthiness unthankfulness and Apostacy be changed into wrath yea hatred Deut. 32.19 And when the Lord saw it he abhorred them because of the provoking of his Sons and of his daughters Fourthly you say It depends upon the efficacy of the merit and intercession of Christ but he makes intercession for none to obtain the Grace of perseverance but such as continue stedfast in their good will which they had to the Father and him as we see he prayed not for the Apostate Judas Jo. 17.8 9 10. Although he with a general intercession prayed for the unregenerate even for his enemies Luk. 23.34 and taught us by his Apostles to pray for all men 1 Tim. 2.1 2 3 4. Fifthly you say truly It depends upon the abiding of the Spirit in us But doth not that abode of the Spirit depend upon our constancy in faith and good will and upon our giving ear to it when after our fals and slips it reproves admonisheth and teacheth us anew Hence we are charged not to grieve the Holy Spirit Eph. 4.30 Least he should depart Heb. 10.38 Now the Just shall live by faith but if any man draw back my soul shall have no pleasure in him Sixthly you say