but_o no_o knowledge_n of_o what_o they_o be_v nor_o any_o method_n of_o obtain_v virtue_n nor_o of_o avoid_v vice_n the_o end_n of_o moral_a philosophy_n be_v to_o teach_v man_n of_o all_o sort_n their_o duty_n both_o to_o the_o public_a and_o to_o one_o another_o they_o estimate_v virtue_n partly_o by_o a_o mediocrity_n of_o the_o passion_n of_o man_n and_o partly_o by_o that_o that_o they_o be_v praise_v whereas_o it_o be_v not_o the_o much_o or_o little_a praise_n that_o make_v a_o action_n virtuous_a but_o the_o cause_n nor_o much_o or_o little_a blame_n that_o make_v a_o action_n vicious_a but_o its_o be_v unconformable_a to_o the_o law_n in_o such_o man_n as_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o law_n or_o its_o be_v unconformable_a to_o equity_n or_o charity_n in_o all_o man_n whatsoever_o b._n it_o seem_v you_o make_v a_o difference_n between_o the_o ethic_n of_o subject_n and_o the_o ethic_n of_o sovereign_n a._n so_o i_o do_v the_o virtue_n of_o a_o subject_a be_v comprehend_v whole_o in_o obedience_n to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n to_o obey_v the_o law_n be_v justice_n and_o equity_n which_o be_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o consequent_o be_v civil_a law_n in_o all_o nation_n of_o the_o world_n and_o nothing_o be_v injustice_n or_o iniquity_n otherwise_o than_o it_o be_v against_o the_o law_n likewise_o to_o obey_v the_o law_n be_v the_o prudence_n of_o a_o subject_a for_o without_o such_o obedience_n the_o commonwealth_n which_o be_v every_o subject_n safety_n and_o protection_n can_v subsist_v and_o though_o it_o be_v prudence_n also_o in_o private_a man_n just_o and_o moderate_o to_o enrich_v themselves_o yet_o crafty_o to_o withhold_v from_o the_o public_a or_o defraud_v it_o of_o such_o part_n of_o their_o wealth_n as_o be_v by_o law_n require_v be_v no_o sign_n of_o prudence_n but_o of_o want_n of_o knowledge_n of_o what_o be_v necessary_a for_o their_o own_o defence_n the_o virtue_n of_o sovereign_n be_v such_o as_o tend_v to_o the_o maintenance_n of_o peace_n at_o home_n and_o to_o the_o resistance_n of_o foreign_a enemy_n fortitude_n be_v a_o royal_a virtue_n and_o though_o it_o be_v necessary_a in_o such_o private_a man_n as_o shall_v be_v soldier_n yet_o for_o other_o man_n the_o less_o they_o dare_v the_o better_a it_o be_v both_o for_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o for_o themselves_o frugality_n though_o perhaps_o you_o will_v think_v it_o strange_a be_v also_o a_o royal_a virtue_n for_o it_o increase_v the_o public_a stock_n which_o can_v be_v too_o great_a for_o the_o public_a use_n nor_o any_o man_n too_o spare_v of_o what_o he_o have_v in_o trust_n for_o the_o good_a of_o other_o liberality_n also_o be_v a_o royal_a virtue_n for_o the_o commonwealth_n can_v be_v well_o serve_v without_o extraordinary_a diligence_n and_o service_n of_o minister_n and_o great_a fidelity_n to_o their_o sovereign_n who_o ought_v therefore_o to_o be_v encourage_v and_o especial_o those_o that_o do_v he_o service_n in_o the_o war_n in_o sum_n all_o action_n and_o habit_n be_v to_o be_v esteem_v good_a or_o evil_n by_o their_o cause_n and_o usefulness_n in_o reference_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o not_o by_o their_o mediocrity_n nor_o by_o their_o be_v commend_v for_o several_a man_n praise_v several_a custom_n and_o that_o which_o be_v virtue_n with_o one_o be_v blame_v by_o other_o and_o contrary_o what_o one_o call_v vice_n another_o call_v virtue_n as_o their_o present_a affection_n lead_v they_o b._n methinks_v you_o shall_v have_v place_v among_o the_o virtue_n that_o which_o in_o my_o opinion_n be_v the_o great_a of_o all_o virtue_n religion_n a._n so_o i_o have_v though_o it_o seem_v you_o do_v not_o observe_v it_o but_o whither_o do_v we_o digress_v from_o the_o way_n we_o be_v in_o b._n i_o think_v you_o have_v not_o digress_v at_o all_o for_o i_o suppose_v your_o purpose_n be_v to_o acquaint_v i_o with_o the_o history_n not_o so_o much_o of_o those_o action_n that_o pass_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o late_a trouble_n as_o of_o their_o cause_n and_o of_o the_o counsel_n and_o artifice_n by_o which_o they_o be_v bring_v to_o pass_v there_o be_v divers_a man_n that_o have_v write_v the_o history_n out_o of_o who_o i_o may_v have_v learn_v what_o they_o do_v and_o somewhat_o also_o of_o the_o contrivance_n but_o i_o find_v little_a in_o they_o of_o what_o i_o will_v ask_v therefore_o since_o you_o be_v please_v to_o enter_v into_o this_o discourse_n at_o my_o request_n be_v please_v also_o to_o inform_v i_o after_o my_o own_o method_n and_o for_o the_o danger_n of_o confusion_n that_o may_v arise_v from_o that_o i_o will_v take_v care_n to_o bring_v you_o back_o to_o the_o place_n from_o whence_o i_o draw_v you_o for_o i_o well_o remember_v where_o it_o be_v a._n well_o then_o to_o your_o question_n concern_v religion_n in_o as_o much_o as_o i_o tell_v you_o that_o all_o virtue_n be_v comprehend_v in_o obedience_n to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n whereof_o religion_n be_v one_o i_o have_v place_v religion_n among_o the_o virtue_n b._n be_v religion_n then_o the_o law_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n a._n there_o be_v no_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n who_o religion_n be_v not_o establish_v and_o receive_v not_o its_o authority_n from_o the_o law_n of_o that_o nation_n it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o law_n of_o god_n receive_v no_o evidence_n from_o the_o law_n of_o man_n but_o because_o man_n can_v never_o by_o their_o own_o wisdom_n come_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o what_o god_n have_v speak_v and_o command_v to_o be_v observe_v nor_o be_v oblige_v to_o obey_v the_o law_n who_o author_n they_o know_v not_o they_o be_v to_o acquiesce_v in_o some_o humane_a authority_n or_o other_o so_o that_o the_o question_n will_v be_v whether_o a_o man_n ought_v in_o matter_n of_o religion_n that_o be_v to_o say_v when_o there_o be_v question_n of_o his_o duty_n to_o god_n and_o the_o king_n to_o rely_v upon_o the_o preach_n of_o their_o fellow-subject_n or_o of_o a_o stranger_n or_o upon_o the_o voice_n of_o the_o law_n b._n there_o be_v no_o great_a difficulty_n in_o that_o point_n for_o there_o be_v none_o that_o preach_v here_o or_o any_o where_o else_o at_o least_o ought_v to_o preach_v but_o such_o as_o have_v authority_n so_o to_o do_v from_o he_o or_o they_o that_o have_v the_o sovereign_a power_n so_o that_o if_o the_o king_n give_v we_o leave_v you_o or_o i_o may_v as_o lawful_o preach_v as_o they_o that_o do_v and_o i_o believe_v we_o shall_v perform_v that_o office_n a_o great_a deal_n better_o than_o they_o that_o preach_v we_o into_o the_o rebellion_n a._n the_o church_n moral_n be_v in_o many_o point_n very_o different_a from_o these_o that_o i_o have_v here_o set_v down_o for_o the_o doctrine_n of_o virtue_n and_o vice_n and_o yet_o without_o any_o conformity_n with_o that_o of_o aristotle_n for_o in_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n the_o principal_a virtue_n be_v to_o obey_v their_o doctrine_n though_o it_o be_v treason_n and_o that_o be_v to_o be_v religious_a to_o be_v beneficial_a to_o the_o clergy_n that_o be_v their_o piety_n and_o liberality_n and_o to_o believe_v upon_o their_o word_n that_o which_o a_o man_n know_v in_o his_o conscience_n to_o be_v false_a which_o be_v the_o faith_n they_o require_v i_o can_v name_v a_o great_a many_o more_o such_o point_n of_o their_o moral_n but_o that_o i_o know_v you_o know_v they_o already_o be_v so_o well_o verse_v in_o the_o case_n of_o conscience_n write_v by_o their_o schoolman_n who_o measure_v the_o goodness_n and_o wickedness_n of_o all_o action_n by_o their_o congruity_n with_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o roman_a clergy_n b._n but_o what_o be_v the_o moral_a philosophy_n of_o the_o protestant_a clergy_n in_o england_n a._n so_o much_o as_o they_o show_v of_o it_o in_o their_o life_n and_o conversation_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n very_o good_a and_o of_o very_o good_a example_n much_o better_a than_o their_o write_n b._n it_o happen_v many_o time_n that_o man_n live_v honest_o for_o fear_n who_o if_o they_o have_v power_n will_v live_v according_a to_o their_o own_o opinion_n that_o be_v if_o their_o opinion_n be_v not_o right_a unrighteous_o a._n do_v the_o clergy_n in_o england_n pretend_v as_o the_o pope_n do_v or_o as_o the_o presbyterian_o do_v to_o have_v a_o right_n from_o god_n immediate_o to_o govern_v the_o king_n and_o his_o subject_n in_o all_o point_n of_o religion_n and_o manner_n if_o they_o do_v you_o can_v doubt_v but_o that_o if_o they_o have_v number_n and_o strength_n which_o they_o be_v never_o like_a to_o have_v they_o will_v attempt_v to_o obtain_v that_o power_n as_o the_o other_o have_v do_v b._n i_o will_v be_v glad_a to_o see_v a_o systeme_n of_o the_o present_a moral_n write_v by_o
their_o ancestor_n who_o as_o they_o be_v not_o much_o molest_v in_o point_n of_o conscience_n so_o they_o be_v not_o by_o their_o own_o inclination_n very_o troublesome_a to_o the_o civil_a government_n but_o by_o the_o secret_a practice_n of_o the_o jesuit_n and_o other_o emissary_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n they_o be_v make_v less_o quiet_a than_o they_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v and_o some_o of_o they_o to_o venture_v upon_o the_o most_o horrid_a act_n that_o ever_o have_v be_v hear_v of_o before_o i_o mean_v the_o gunpowder-treason_n and_o upon_o that_o account_n the_o papist_n of_o england_n have_v be_v look_v upon_o as_o man_n that_o will_v not_o be_v sorry_a for_o any_o disorder_n here_o that_o may_v possible_o make_v way_n to_o the_o restore_n of_o the_o pope_n authority_n and_o therefore_o i_o name_v they_o for_o one_o of_o the_o distemper_n of_o the_o state_n of_o england_n in_o the_o time_n of_o our_o late_a king_n charles_n b._n i_o see_v that_o mounseur_fw-fr du_fw-fr plessis_n and_o dr._n morton_n bishop_n of_o durham_n write_v of_o the_o progress_n of_o the_o pope_n power_n and_o intitul_a their_o book_n one_o of_o they_o the_o mystery_n of_o iniquity_n the_o other_o the_o grand_a imposture_n be_v both_o in_o the_o right_n for_o i_o believe_v there_o be_v never_o such_o another_o cheat_n in_o the_o world_n and_o i_o wonder_v that_o the_o king_n and_o state_n of_o christendom_n never_o perceive_v it_o a._n it_o be_v manifest_a they_o do_v perceive_v it_o how_o else_o dare_v they_o make_v war_n against_o the_o pope_n and_o some_o of_o they_o take_v he_o out_o of_o rome_n itself_o and_o carry_v he_o away_o prisoner_n but_o if_o they_o will_v have_v free_v themselves_o from_o his_o tyranny_n they_o shall_v have_v agree_v together_o and_o make_v themselves_o every_o one_o as_o henry_n the_o 8_o the_o do_v head_n of_o the_o church_n within_o their_o own_o respective_a dominion_n but_o not_o agree_v they_o let_v his_o power_n continue_v every_o one_o hope_v to_o make_v use_n of_o it_o when_o there_o shall_v be_v cause_n against_o his_o neighbour_n b._n now_o as_o to_o that_o other_o distemper_n by_o presbyterian_o how_o come_v their_o power_n to_o be_v so_o great_a be_v of_o themselves_o for_o the_o most_o part_n but_o so_o many_o poor_a scholar_n a._n this_o controversy_n between_o the_o papist_n and_o the_o reform_a church_n can_v not_o choose_v but_o make_v every_o man_n to_o the_o best_a of_o his_o power_n examine_v by_o the_o scripture_n which_o of_o they_o be_v in_o the_o right_a and_o to_o that_o end_n they_o be_v translate_v into_o vulgar_a tongue_n whereas_o before_o the_o translation_n of_o they_o be_v not_o allow_v nor_o any_o man_n to_o read_v they_o but_o such_o as_o have_v express_v licence_n so_o to_o do_v for_o the_o pope_n do_v concern_v the_o scripture_n the_o same_o that_o moses_n do_v concern_v mount_n sinai_n moses_n suffer_v no_o man_n to_o go_v up_o to_o it_o to_o hear_v god_n speak_v or_o gaze_v upon_o he_o but_o such_o as_o he_o himself_o take_v with_o he_o and_o the_o pope_n suffer_v none_o to_o speak_v with_o god_n in_o the_o scripture_n that_o have_v not_o some_o part_n of_o the_o pope_n spirit_n in_o he_o for_o which_o he_o may_v be_v trust_v b._n certain_o moses_n do_v therein_o very_o wise_o and_o according_a to_o god_n own_o commandment_n a._n no_o doubt_n of_o it_o and_o the_o event_n itself_o have_v make_v it_o since_o appear_v so_o for_o after_o the_o bible_n be_v translate_v into_o english_a every_o man_n nay_o every_o boy_n and_o wench_n that_o can_v read_v english_a think_v they_o speak_v with_o god_n almighty_a and_o understand_v what_o he_o say_v when_o by_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o chapter_n a_o day_n they_o have_v read_v the_o scripture_n once_o or_o twice_o over_o the_o reverence_n and_o obedience_n due_a to_o the_o reform_a church_n here_o and_o to_o the_o bishop_n and_o pastor_n therein_o be_v cast_v off_o and_o every_o man_n become_v a_o judge_n of_o religion_n and_o a_o interpreter_n of_o the_o scripture_n to_o himself_o b._n do_v not_o the_o church_n of_o england_n intend_v it_o shall_v be_v so_o what_o other_o end_n can_v they_o have_v in_o recommend_v the_o bible_n to_o i_o if_o they_o do_v not_o mean_a i_o shall_v make_v it_o the_o rule_n of_o my_o action_n else_o they_o may_v have_v keep_v it_o though_o open_a to_o themselves_o to_o i_o seal_v up_o in_o hebrew_n greek_a and_o latin_a and_o feed_v i_o out_o of_o it_o in_o such_o measure_n as_o have_v be_v requisite_a for_o the_o salvation_n of_o my_o soul_n and_o the_o church_n peace_n a._n i_o confess_v this_o licence_n of_o interpret_n the_o scripture_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o so_o many_o several_a sect_n as_o have_v lie_v hide_v till_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o late_a king_n reign_n and_o do_v then_o appear_v to_o the_o disturbance_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n but_o to_o return_v to_o the_o story_n those_o person_n that_o flee_v for_o religion_n in_o the_o time_n of_o queen_n mary_n reside_v for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o place_n where_o the_o reform_a religion_n be_v profess_v and_o govern_v by_o a_o assembly_n of_o minister_n who_o also_o be_v not_o a_o little_a make_v use_n of_o for_o want_n of_o better_a statesman_n in_o point_n of_o civil_a government_n which_o please_v so_o much_o the_o english_a and_o scotch_a protestant_n that_o live_v among_o they_o that_o at_o their_o return_n they_o wish_v there_o be_v the_o same_o honour_n and_o reverence_n give_v to_o the_o ministry_n in_o their_o own_o country_n in_o scotland_n king_n james_n be_v then_o young_a soon_o with_o the_o help_n of_o some_o of_o the_o powerful_a nobility_n they_o bring_v it_o to_o pass_v also_o they_o that_o return_v into_o england_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n endeavour_v the_o same_o here_o but_o can_v never_o effect_v it_o till_o this_o last_o rebellion_n nor_o without_o the_o help_n of_o the_o scot_n and_o it_o be_v no_o soon_o effect_v but_o they_o be_v defeat_v again_o by_o the_o other_o sect_n which_o by_o the_o preach_n of_o the_o presbyterian_o and_o private_a interpretation_n of_o scripture_n be_v grow_v numerous_a b._n i_o know_v indeed_o that_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o late_a war_n the_o power_n of_o the_o presbyterian_o be_v so_o very_o great_a that_o not_o only_o the_o citizen_n of_o london_n be_v almost_o all_o of_o they_o at_o their_o devotion_n but_o also_o the_o great_a part_n of_o all_o other_o city_n and_o market-town_n of_o england_n but_o you_o have_v not_o yet_o tell_v i_o by_o what_o art_n and_o what_o degree_n they_o become_v so_o strong_a a._n it_o be_v not_o their_o own_o art_n alone_o that_o do_v it_o but_o they_o have_v the_o concurrence_n of_o a_o great_a many_o gentleman_n that_o do_v no_o less_o desire_n a_o popular_a government_n in_o the_o civil_a state_n than_o these_o minister_n do_v in_o the_o church_n and_o as_o these_o do_v in_o the_o pulpit_n draw_v the_o people_n to_o their_o opinion_n and_o to_o a_o dislike_n of_o the_o church-government_n canon_n and_o common-prayer-book_n so_o do_v the_o other_o make_v they_o in_o love_n with_o democracy_n by_o their_o harangue_n in_o the_o parliament_n and_o by_o their_o discourse_n and_o communication_n with_o people_n in_o the_o country_n continual_o extol_v of_o liberty_n and_o inveigh_v against_o tyranny_n leave_v the_o people_n to_o collect_v of_o themselves_o that_o this_o tyranny_n be_v the_o present_a government_n of_o the_o state_n and_o as_o the_o presbyterian_o bring_v with_o they_o into_o their_o church_n their_o divinity_n from_o the_o university_n so_o do_v many_o of_o the_o gentleman_n bring_v their_o politic_n from_o thence_o into_o the_o parliament_n but_o neither_o of_o they_o do_v this_o very_o bold_o in_o the_o time_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n and_o though_o it_o be_v not_o likely_a that_o all_o of_o they_o do_v it_o out_o of_o malice_n but_o many_o of_o they_o out_o of_o error_n yet_o certain_o the_o chief_a leader_n be_v ambitious_a minister_n and_o ambitious_a gentleman_n the_o minister_n envy_v the_o authority_n of_o bishop_n who_o they_o think_v less_o learned_a and_o the_o gentleman_n envy_v the_o privy-council_n who_o they_o think_v less_o wise_a than_o themselves_o for_o it_o be_v a_o hard_a matter_n for_o man_n who_o do_v all_o think_v high_o of_o their_o own_o wit_n when_o they_o have_v also_o acquire_v the_o learning_n of_o the_o university_n to_o be_v persuade_v that_o they_o want_v any_o ability_n requisite_a for_o the_o government_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n especial_o have_v read_v the_o glorious_a history_n and_o the_o sententious_a politic_n of_o the_o ancient_a popular_a government_n of_o the_o greek_n and_o roman_n among_o who_o king_n be_v hate_v and_o brand_v with_o the_o name_n of_o tyrant_n and_o popular_a
when_o they_o send_v unto_o he_o 19_o proposition_n whereof_o above_o a_o dozen_o be_v demand_n of_o several_a power_n essential_a part_n of_o the_o power_n sovereign_a but_o before_o that_o time_n they_o have_v demand_v some_o of_o they_o in_o a_o petition_n which_o they_o call_v a_o petition_n of_o right_n which_o nevertheless_o the_o king_n have_v grant_v they_o in_o a_o former_a parliament_n though_o he_o deprive_v himself_o thereby_o not_o only_o of_o the_o power_n to_o levy_v money_n without_o their_o consent_n but_o also_o of_o his_o ordinary_a revenue_n by_o custom_n of_o tonnage_n and_o poundage_n and_o of_o the_o liberty_n to_o put_v into_o custody_n such_o man_n as_o he_o think_v likely_a to_o disturb_v the_o peace_n and_o raise_v sedition_n in_o the_o kingdom_n as_o for_o the_o man_n that_o do_v this_o it_o be_v enough_o to_o say_v they_o be_v the_o member_n of_o the_o last_o parliament_n and_o of_o some_o other_o parliament_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o king_n charles_n and_o the_o end_n of_o king_n james_n his_o reign_n to_o name_v they_o all_o be_v not_o necessary_a far_o than_o the_o story_n shall_v require_v most_o of_o they_o be_v member_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o some_o few_o also_o of_o the_o lord_n but_o all_o such_o as_o have_v a_o great_a opinion_n of_o their_o sufficiency_n in_o politic_n which_o they_o think_v be_v not_o sufficient_o take_v notice_n of_o by_o the_o king_n b._n how_o can_v the_o parliament_n when_o the_o king_n have_v a_o great_a navy_n and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o train_v soldier_n and_o all_o the_o magazine_n of_o ammunition_n in_o his_o power_n be_v able_a to_o begin_v the_o war_n a._n the_o king_n have_v these_o thing_n indeed_o in_o his_o right_n but_o that_o signify_v little_a when_o they_o that_o have_v the_o custody_n of_o the_o navy_n and_o magazine_n and_o with_o they_o all_o the_o train_v soldier_n and_o in_o a_o manner_n all_o his_o subject_n be_v by_o the_o preach_n of_o presbyterian_a minister_n and_o the_o seditious_a whisper_n of_o false_a and_o ignorant_a politician_n make_v his_o enemy_n and_o when_o the_o king_n can_v have_v no_o money_n but_o what_o the_o parliament_n shall_v give_v he_o which_o you_o may_v be_v sure_o shall_v not_o be_v enough_o to_o maintain_v his_o regal_a power_n which_o they_o intend_v to_o take_v from_o he_o and_o yet_o i_o think_v they_o will_v never_o have_v adventure_v into_o the_o field_n but_o for_o that_o unlucky_a business_n of_o impose_v upon_o the_o scot_n who_o be_v all_o presbyterian_o our_o book_n of_o common-prayer_n for_o i_o believe_v the_o english_a will_v never_o have_v take_v well_o that_o the_o parliament_n shall_v make_v war_n upon_o the_o king_n upon_o any_o provocation_n unless_o it_o be_v in_o their_o own_o defence_n in_o case_n the_o king_n shall_v first_o make_v war_n upon_o they_o and_o therefore_o it_o behoove_v they_o to_o provoke_v the_o king_n that_o he_o may_v do_v something_o that_o may_v look_v like_o hostility_n it_o happen_v in_o the_o year_n 1637._o that_o the_o king_n by_o the_o advice_n as_o it_o be_v think_v of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n send_v down_o a_o book_n of_o common-prayer_n into_o scotland_n not_o differ_v in_o substance_n from_o we_o nor_o much_o in_o word_n beside_o the_o put_n of_o the_o word_n presbyter_n for_o that_o of_o minister_n command_v it_o to_o be_v use_v for_o conformity_n to_o this_o kingdom_n by_o the_o minister_n there_o for_o a_o ordinary_a form_n of_o divine_a service_n this_o be_v read_v in_o the_o church_n at_o edinburgh_n cause_v such_o a_o tumult_n there_o that_o he_o that_o read_v it_o have_v much_o ado_n to_o escape_v with_o his_o life_n and_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o other_o to_o enter_v by_o their_o own_o authority_n into_o a_o covenant_n among_o themselves_o which_o impudent_o they_o call_v a_o covenant_n with_o god_n to_o put_v down_o episcopacy_n without_o consult_v with_o the_o king_n which_o they_o present_o do_v animate_v thereto_o by_o their_o own_o confidence_n or_o by_o assurance_n from_o some_o of_o the_o democratical_a englishman_n that_o in_o former_a parliament_n have_v be_v the_o great_a opposer_n of_o the_o king_n interest_n that_o the_o king_n will_v not_o be_v able_a to_o raise_v a_o army_n to_o chastise_v they_o without_o call_v a_o parliament_n which_o will_v be_v sure_a to_o favour_v they_o for_o the_o thing_n which_o those_o domocraticals_n chief_o then_o aim_v at_o be_v to_o force_v the_o king_n to_o call_v a_o parliament_n which_o he_o have_v not_o do_v of_o ten_o year_n before_o as_o have_v find_v no_o help_n but_o hindrance_n to_o his_o design_n in_o the_o parliament_n he_o have_v former_o call_v howsoever_o contrary_a to_o their_o expectation_n by_o the_o help_n of_o his_o better_a affect_a subject_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n he_o make_v a_o shift_n to_o raise_v a_o sufficient_a army_n to_o have_v reduce_v the_o scot_n to_o their_o former_a obedience_n if_o it_o have_v proceed_v to_o battle_n and_o with_o this_o army_n he_o march_v himself_o into_o scotland_n where_o the_o scotch_a army_n be_v also_o bring_v into_o the_o field_n against_o he_o as_o if_o they_o mean_v to_o fight_v but_o then_o the_o scoth_fw-mi send_v to_o the_o king_n for_o leave_v to_o treat_v by_o commissioner_n on_o both_o side_n and_o the_o king_n willing_a to_o avoid_v the_o destruction_n of_o his_o own_o subject_n condescend_v to_o it_o the_o issue_n be_v peace_n and_o the_o king_n thereupon_o go_v to_o edinburgh_n and_o pass_v a_o act_n of_o parliament_n there_o to_o their_o satisfaction_n b._n do_v he_o not_o then_o confirm_v episcopacy_n a._n no_o but_o yield_v to_o the_o abolish_n of_o it_o but_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o english_a be_v cross_v in_o their_o hope_n of_o a_o parliament_n but_o the_o say_a democratical_n former_o opposer_n of_o the_o king_n interest_n cease_v not_o to_o endeavour_v still_o to_o put_v the_o two_o nation_n into_o a_o war_n to_o the_o end_n the_o king_n may_v buy_v the_o parliament_n help_v at_o no_o less_o a_o price_n than_o sovereignty_n itself_o b._n but_o what_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o gentry_n and_o nobility_n of_o scotland_n be_v so_o averse_a from_o the_o episcopacy_n for_o i_o can_v hardly_o believe_v that_o their_o conscience_n be_v extraordinary_o tender_a nor_o that_o they_o be_v so_o very_o great_a divine_n as_o to_o know_v what_o be_v the_o true_a church-discipline_n establish_v by_o our_o saviour_n and_o his_o apostle_n nor_o yet_o so_o much_o in_o love_n with_o their_o minister_n as_o to_o be_v overrule_v by_o they_o in_o the_o government_n either_o ecclesiastical_a or_o civil_a for_o in_o their_o life_n they_o be_v just_a as_o other_o man_n be_v pursuer_n of_o their_o own_o interest_n and_o preferment_n wherein_o they_o be_v not_o more_o oppose_v by_o the_o bishop_n than_o by_o their_o presbyterian_a minister_n a._n true_o i_o do_v not_o know_v i_o can_v enter_v into_o other_o man_n thought_n far_a than_o i_o be_o lead_v by_o the_o consideration_n of_o humane_a nature_n in_o general_a but_o upon_o this_o consideration_n i_o see_v first_o that_o man_n of_o ancient_a wealth_n and_o nobility_n be_v not_o apt_a to_o brook_v that_o poor_a scholar_n shall_v as_o they_o must_v when_o they_o be_v make_v bishop_n be_v their_o fellow_n second_o that_o from_o the_o emulation_n of_o glory_n between_o the_o nation_n they_o may_v be_v willing_a to_o see_v this_o nation_n afflict_v by_o civil_a war_n and_o may_v hope_v by_o aid_v the_o rebel_n here_o to_o acquire_v some_o power_n over_o the_o english_a at_o least_o so_o far_o as_o to_o establish_v here_o the_o presbyterian_a discipline_n which_o be_v also_o one_o of_o the_o point_n they_o afterward_o open_o demand_v last_o they_o may_v hope_v for_o in_o the_o war_n some_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n as_o a_o reward_n of_o their_o assistance_n beside_o great_a booty_n which_o they_o afterward_o obtain_v but_o whatsoever_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o their_o hatred_n to_o bishop_n the_o pull_n of_o they_o down_o be_v not_o all_o they_o aim_v at_o if_o it_o have_v now_o that_o episcopacy_n be_v abolish_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n they_o will_v have_v rest_v satisfy_v which_o they_o do_v not_o for_o after_o the_o king_n be_v return_v to_o london_n the_o english_a presbyterian_o and_o democratical_n by_o who_o favour_n they_o have_v put_v down_o bishop_n in_o scotland_n think_v it_o reason_n to_o have_v the_o assistance_n of_o the_o scotch_a for_o the_o pull_n down_o of_o bishop_n in_o england_n and_o in_o order_n thereunto_o they_o may_v perhaps_o deal_v with_o the_o scot_n secret_o to_o rest_v unsatisfied_a with_o that_o pacification_n which_o they_o be_v before_o content_v with_o howsoever_o it_o be_v not_o long_o after_o the_o king_n be_v return_v to_o london_n
look_v to_o whereby_o the_o interpretation_n of_o a_o verse_n in_o the_o hebrew_n greek_a or_o latin_a bible_n be_v oftentimes_o the_o cause_n of_o civil_a war_n and_o the_o depose_v and_o assassinate_v of_o god_n anoint_v and_o yet_o converse_v with_o those_o divinity_n disputer_n as_o long_o as_o you_o will_v you_o will_v hardly_o find_v one_o in_o a_o hundred_o discreet_a enough_o to_o be_v employ_v in_o any_o great_a affair_n either_o of_o war_n or_o peace_n it_o be_v not_o the_o right_n of_o the_o sovereign_n though_o grant_v to_o he_o by_o every_o man_n express_a consent_n that_o can_v enable_v he_o to_o do_v his_o office_n it_o be_v the_o obedience_n of_o the_o subject_a that_o must_v do_v that_o for_o what_o good_a be_v it_o to_o promise_v allegiance_n and_o then_o by_o and_o by_o to_o cry_v out_o as_o some_o minister_n do_v in_o the_o pulpit_n to_o your_o tent_n o_o israel_n common_a people_n know_v nothing_o of_o right_n or_o wrong_n by_o their_o own_o meditation_n they_o must_v therefore_o be_v teach_v the_o ground_n of_o their_o duty_n and_o the_o reason_n why_o calamity_n ever_o follow_v disobedience_n to_o their_o lawful_a sovereign_n but_o to_o the_o contrary_a our_o rebel_n be_v public_o teach_v rebellion_n in_o the_o pulpit_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o sin_n but_o the_o do_v of_o what_o the_o preacher_n forbid_v or_o the_o omission_n of_o what_o they_o advise_v but_o now_o the_o king_n be_v the_o parliament_n prisoner_n why_o do_v not_o the_o presbyterian_o advance_v their_o own_o interest_n by_o restore_v he_o a._n the_o parliament_n in_o which_o there_o be_v more_o presbyterian_o yet_o then_o independent_o may_v have_v get_v what_o they_o will_v of_o the_o king_n during_o his_o life_n if_o they_o have_v not_o by_o a_o unconscionable_a and_o sottish_a ambition_n obstruct_v the_o way_n to_o their_o ends._n they_o send_v he_o four_o proposition_n to_o be_v sign_v and_o pass_v by_o he_o as_o act_n of_o parliament_n tell_v he_o when_o these_o be_v grant_v they_o will_v send_v commissioner_n to_o treat_v with_o he_o of_o any_o other_o article_n the_o proposition_n be_v these_o first_o that_o the_o parliament_n shall_v have_v the_o militia_n and_o the_o power_n of_o levy_v money_n to_o maintain_v it_o for_o 20_o year_n and_o after_o that_o term_n the_o exercise_n thereof_o to_o return_v to_o the_o king_n in_o case_n the_o parliament_n think_v the_o safety_n of_o the_o kingdom_n concern_v in_o it_o b_o the_o first_o article_n take_v from_o the_o king_n the_o militia_n and_o consequent_o the_o whole_a sovereignty_n for_o ever_o a._n the_o second_o be_v that_o the_o king_n shall_v justify_v the_o proceed_n of_o the_o parliament_n against_o himself_o and_o declare_v void_a all_o oath_n and_o declaration_n make_v by_o he_o against_o the_o parliament_n b._n this_o be_v to_o make_v he_o guilty_a of_o the_o war_n and_o of_o all_o the_o blood_n spill_v therein_o a._n the_o three_o be_v to_o take_v away_o all_o title_n of_o honour_n confer_v by_o the_o king_n since_o the_o great_a seal_n be_v carry_v to_o he_o in_o may_n 1642._o the_o four_o be_v that_o the_o parliament_n shall_v adjourn_v themselves_o when_o and_o to_o what_o place_n and_o for_o what_o time_n they_o please_v these_o proposition_n the_o king_n refuse_v to_o grant_v as_o he_o have_v reason_n but_o send_v other_o of_o his_o own_o not_o much_o less_o advantageous_a to_o the_o parliament_n and_o desire_v a_o personal_a treaty_n with_o the_o parliament_n for_o the_o settle_n of_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o the_o parliament_n deny_v they_o to_o be_v sufficient_a for_o that_o purpose_n vote_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o more_o address_n make_v to_o he_o nor_o message_n receive_v from_o he_o but_o that_o they_o will_v settle_v the_o kingdom_n without_o he_o and_o this_o they_o vote_v partly_o upon_o the_o speech_n and_o menace_n of_o the_o army-faction_n then_o present_a in_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o whereof_o one_o advise_v these_o three_o point_n 1._o to_o secure_v the_o king_n in_o some_o inland_a castle_n with_o guard_n 2._o to_o draw_v up_o article_n of_o impeachment_n against_o he_o 3._o to_o lay_v he_o by_o and_o settle_v the_o kingdom_n without_o he_o another_o say_v that_o his_o deny_v of_o the_o four_o bill_n be_v the_o deny_v protection_n to_o his_o subject_n and_o that_o therefore_o they_o may_v deny_v he_o subjection_n and_o add_v that_o till_o the_o parliament_n forsake_v the_o army_n the_o army_n will_v never_o forsake_v the_o parliament_n this_o be_v threaten_v last_o of_o all_o cromwell_n himself_o tell_v they_o it_o be_v now_o expect_v that_o the_o parliament_n shall_v govern_v and_o defend_v the_o kingdom_n and_o not_o any_o long_o let_v the_o people_n expect_v their_o safety_n from_o a_o man_n who_o heart_n god_n have_v harden_v nor_o let_v those_o that_o have_v so_o well_o defend_v the_o parliament_n be_v leave_v hereafter_o to_o the_o rage_n of_o a_o irreconcilable_a enemy_n lest_o they_o seek_v their_o safety_n some_o other_o way_n this_o again_o be_v threaten_v as_o also_o the_o lay_v his_o hand_n upon_o his_o sword_n when_o he_o speak_v it_o and_o hereupon_o the_o vote_n of_o non-address_n be_v make_v a_o ordinance_n which_o the_o house_n will_v afterward_o have_v recall_v but_o be_v force_v by_o cromwell_n to_o keep_v their_o word_n the_o scotch_a be_v displease_v with_o it_o partly_o because_o their_o brethren_n the_o presbyterian_o have_v lose_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o their_o power_n in_o england_n and_o partly_o also_o because_o they_o have_v sell_v the_o king_n into_o their_o hand_n the_o king_n now_o publish_v a_o passionate_a complaint_n to_o his_o people_n of_o this_o hard_a deal_n with_o he_o which_o make_v they_o pity_v he_o but_o not_o yet_o rise_v in_o his_o behalf_n b._n be_v not_o this_o think_v you_o the_o true_a time_n for_o cromwell_n to_o take_v possession_n a._n by_o no_o mean_n there_o be_v yet_o many_o obstacle_n to_o be_v remove_v he_o be_v not_o general_n of_o the_o army_n the_o army_n be_v still_o for_o a_o parliament_n the_o city_n of_o london_n discontent_v about_o their_o militia_n the_o scot_n expect_v with_o a_o army_n to_o rescue_v the_o king_n his_o adjutator_n be_v leaveler_n and_o against_o monarchy_n who_o though_o they_o have_v help_v he_o to_o bring_v under_o the_o parliament_n yet_o like_o dog_n that_o be_v easy_o teach_v to_o fetch_v and_o not_o easy_o teach_v to_o render_v will_v not_o make_v he_o king_n so_o that_o cromwell_n have_v these_o business_n follow_v to_o overcome_v before_o he_o can_v formal_o make_v himself_o a_o sovereign_a prince_n 1._o to_o be_v generalissimo_n 2._o to_o remove_v the_o king_n 3._o to_o suppress_v all_o insurrection_n here_o 4._o to_o oppose_v the_o scot_n and_o last_o to_o dissolve_v the_o present_a parliament_n mighty_a business_n which_o he_o can_v never_o promise_v himself_o to_o overcome_v therefore_o i_o can_v believe_v he_o then_o think_v to_o be_v king_n but_o only_o by_o well_o serve_v the_o strong_a party_n which_o be_v always_o his_o main_a polity_n to_o proceed_v as_o far_o as_o that_o and_o fortune_n will_v carry_v he_o b._n the_o parliament_n be_v certain_o no_o less_o foolish_a than_o wicked_a in_o desert_v thus_o the_o king_n before_o they_o have_v the_o army_n at_o a_o better_a command_n than_o they_o have_v a._n in_o the_o begin_n of_o 1648._o the_o parliament_n give_v commission_n to_o philip_n earl_n of_o pembroke_n then_o make_v chancellor_n of_o oxford_n together_o with_o some_o of_o the_o doctor_n there_o as_o good_a divine_n as_o he_o to_o purge_v the_o university_n by_o virtue_n whereof_o they_o turn_v out_o all_o such_o as_o be_v not_o of_o their_o faction_n and_o all_o such_o as_o have_v approve_v the_o use_n of_o the_o common-prayer-book_n as_o also_o divers_a scandalous_a minister_n and_o scholar_n that_o be_v such_o as_o customary_o and_o without_o need_n take_v the_o name_n of_o god_n into_o their_o mouth_n or_o use_v to_o speak_v wanton_o or_o use_v the_o company_n of_o lewd_a woman_n and_o for_o this_o last_o i_o can_v but_o commend_v they_o b._n so_o shall_v not_o i_o for_o it_o be_v just_a such_o another_o piece_n of_o piety_n as_o to_o turn_v man_n out_o of_o a_o hospital_n because_o they_o be_v lame_a where_o can_v a_o man_n probable_o learn_v godliness_n and_o how_o to_o correct_v his_o vice_n better_a than_o in_o the_o university_n erect_v for_o that_o purpose_n a._n it_o may_v be_v the_o parliament_n think_v otherwise_o for_o i_o have_v often_o hear_v the_o complaint_n of_o parent_n that_o their_o child_n be_v debauch_v there_o to_o drunkenness_n wantonness_n game_n and_o other_o vice_n consequent_a to_o these_o nor_o be_v it_o a_o wonder_n among_o so_o many_o youth_n if_o they_o do_v not_o corrupt_v one_o another_o in_o despite_n of_o their_o tutor_n who_o
silver_n whereof_o they_o think_v there_o be_v great_a abundance_n in_o the_o town_n of_o santo_n domingo_n but_o be_v well_o beat_v by_o a_o few_o spaniard_n and_o with_o the_o loss_n of_o near_o 1000_o man_n go_v off_o to_o jamaica_n and_o possess_v it_o this_o year_n also_o the_o royal_a party_n make_v another_o attempt_n in_o the_o west_n and_o proclaim_v there_o king_n charles_n the_o second_o but_o few_o join_n with_o they_o and_o some_o fall_n off_o they_o be_v soon_o suppress_v and_o many_o of_o the_o principal_a person_n execute_v b._n in_o these_o many_o insurrection_n the_o royalist_n though_o they_o mean_v well_o yet_o they_o do_v but_o disservice_n to_o the_o king_n by_o their_o impatience_n what_o hope_n have_v they_o to_o prevail_v against_o so_o great_a a_o army_n as_o the_o protector_n have_v ready_a what_o cause_n be_v there_o to_o despair_v of_o see_v the_o king_n business_n do_v better_o by_o the_o dissension_n and_o ambition_n of_o the_o great_a commander_n in_o that_o army_n whereof_o many_o have_v the_o favour_n to_o be_v as_o well_o esteem_v among_o they_o as_o cromwell_n himself_o a._n that_o be_v somewhat_o uncertain_a the_o protector_n be_v frustrate_v of_o his_o hope_n of_o money_n at_o santo_n domingo_n resolve_v to_o take_v from_o the_o royalist_n the_o ten_o part_n yearly_o of_o their_o estate_n and_o to_o this_o end_n chief_o he_o divide_v england_n into_o eleven_o major-generalships_a with_o commission_n to_o every_o major-general_n to_o make_v a_o roll_n of_o the_o name_n of_o all_o suspect_a person_n of_o the_o king_n party_n and_o to_o receive_v the_o ten_o part_n of_o their_o estate_n within_o his_o precinct_n as_o also_o to_o take_v caution_n from_o they_o not_o to_o act_v against_o the_o state_n and_o to_o reveal_v all_o plot_n that_o shall_v come_v to_o their_o knowledge_n and_o to_o make_v they_o engage_v the_o like_a for_o their_o servant_n they_o have_v commission_n also_o to_o forbid_v horse-race_n and_o concourse_n of_o people_n and_o to_o receive_v and_o account_v for_o this_o decimation_n b._n by_o this_o the_o usurper_n may_v easy_o inform_v himself_o of_o the_o value_n of_o all_o the_o estate_n in_o england_n and_o of_o the_o behaviour_n and_o affection_n of_o every_o person_n of_o quality_n which_o have_v heretofore_o be_v take_v for_o very_o great_a tyranny_n a._n the_o year_n 1656._o be_v a_o parliament_n year_n by_o the_o instrument_n between_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o year_n and_o the_o day_n of_o the_o parliament_n sit_v which_o be_v september_n the_o 17_o the_o these_o major-general_n reside_v in_o several_a province_n behave_v themselves_o most_o tyrannical_o among_o other_o of_o their_o tyranny_n be_v the_o aw_v of_o election_n and_o make_v themselves_o and_o who_o they_o please_v to_o be_v return_v member_n for_o the_o parliament_n which_o be_v also_o think_v a_o part_n of_o cromwel_n design_n in_o their_o constitution_n for_o he_o have_v need_n of_o a_o give_a parliament_n have_v late_o upon_o a_o peace_n make_v with_o the_o french_a draw_v upon_o himself_o a_o war_n with_o spain_n this_o year_n it_o be_v that_o captain_n stainer_n set_v upon_o the_o spanish_a plate-fleet_n be_v eight_o in_o number_n near_a cadiz_n whereof_o he_o funk_v two_o and_o take_v two_o there_o be_v in_o one_o of_o they_o two_o million_o of_o piece_n of_o eight_o which_o amount_v to_o 400000_o l._n sterling_n this_o year_n also_o it_o be_v that_o james_n naylor_n appear_v at_o bristol_n and_o will_v be_v take_v for_o jesus_n christ._n he_o wear_v his_o beard_n fork_a and_o his_o hair_n compose_v to_o the_o likeness_n of_o that_o in_o the_o volto_n santo_n and_o be_v question_v will_v sometime_o answer_v thou_o say_v it_o he_o have_v also_o his_o disciple_n that_o will_v go_v by_o his_o horse_n side_n to_o the_o leg_n in_o dirt_n be_v send_v for_o by_o the_o parliament_n he_o be_v sentence_v to_o stand_v on_o the_o pillory_n to_o have_v his_o tongue_n bore_v through_o and_o to_o be_v mark_v in_o the_o forehead_n with_o the_o letter_n b._n for_o blasphemy_n and_o to_o remain_v in_o bridewell_n lambert_n a_o great_a favourite_n of_o the_o army_n endeavour_v to_o save_v he_o partly_o because_o he_o have_v be_v his_o soldier_n and_o partly_o to_o curry_v favour_n with_o the_o sectary_n of_o the_o army_n for_o he_o be_v now_o no_o more_o in_o the_o protector_n be_v favour_n but_o meditate_v how_o he_o may_v succeed_v he_o in_o his_o power_n about_o two_o year_n before_o this_o there_o appear_v in_o cornwall_n a_o prophetess_n much_o fame_v for_o her_o dream_n and_o vision_n and_o hearken_v to_o by_o many_o whereof_o some_o be_v eminent_a officer_n but_o she_o and_o some_o of_o her_o complice_n be_v imprison_v we_o hear_v no_o more_o of_o she_o b._n i_o have_v hear_v of_o another_o one_o lily_n that_o prophesy_v all_o the_o time_n of_o the_o long_a parliament_n what_o do_v they_o to_o he_o a._n his_o prophecy_n be_v of_o another_o kind_n he_o be_v a_o writer_n of_o almanac_n and_o a_o pretender_n to_o a_o pretend_a art_n of_o judicial_a astrology_n a_o mere_a cozener_n to_o get_v maintenance_n from_o a_o multitude_n of_o ignorant_a people_n and_o no_o doubt_n have_v be_v call_v in_o question_n if_o his_o prophecy_n have_v be_v any_o way_n disadvantageous_a to_o that_o parliament_n b._n i_o understand_v not_o how_o the_o dream_n and_o prognostication_n of_o madman_n for_o such_o i_o take_v to_o be_v all_o those_o that_o foretell_v future_a contingency_n can_v be_v of_o any_o great_a disadvantage_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n a._n yes_o yes_o know_v there_o be_v nothing_o that_o render_v humane_a counsel_n difficult_a but_o the_o incertainty_n of_o future_a time_n nor_o that_o so_o well_o direct_v man_n in_o their_o deliberation_n as_o the_o foresight_n of_o the_o sequels_fw-fr of_o their_o action_n prophecy_n be_v many_o time_n the_o principal_a cause_n of_o the_o event_n foretell_v if_o upon_o some_o prediction_n the_o people_n shall_v have_v be_v make_v confident_a that_o oliver_n cromwell_n and_o his_o army_n shall_v be_v upon_o a_o day_n to_o come_v utter_o defeat_v will_v not_o every_o one_o have_v endeavour_v to_o assist_v and_o to_o deserve_v well_o of_o the_o party_n that_o shall_v give_v he_o that_o defeat_n upon_o this_o account_n it_o be_v that_o fortune_n teller_n and_o astrologer_n be_v so_o often_o banish_v out_o of_o rome_n the_o last_o memorable_a thing_n of_o this_o year_n be_v a_o motion_n make_v by_o a_o member_n of_o the_o house_n a_o alderman_n of_o london_n that_o the_o protector_n may_v be_v petition_v and_o advise_v by_o the_o house_n to_o leave_v the_o title_n of_o protector_n and_o take_v upon_o he_o that_o of_o king_n b._n that_o be_v indeed_o a_o bold_a motion_n and_o which_o will_v if_o prosperous_a have_v put_v a_o end_n to_o many_o man_n ambition_n and_o to_o the_o licentiousness_n of_o the_o whole_a army_n i_o think_v the_o motion_n be_v make_v on_o purpose_n to_o ruin_v both_o the_o protector_n himself_o and_o his_o ambitious_a officer_n a._n it_o may_v be_v so_o in_o the_o year_n 1657._o the_o first_o thing_n the_o parliament_n do_v be_v the_o draw_v up_o of_o this_o petition_n to_o the_o protector_n to_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o government_n of_o the_o three_o nation_n with_o the_o title_n of_o king_n as_o of_o other_o parliament_n so_o of_o this_o the_o great_a part_n have_v be_v either_o keep_v out_o of_o the_o house_n by_o force_n or_o else_o themselves_o have_v forbear_v to_o sit_v and_o become_v guilty_a of_o set_v up_o this_o king_n oliver_n but_o those_o few_o that_o sit_v present_v their_o petition_n to_o the_o protector_n april_n the_o nine_o in_o the_o banqueting-house_n at_o whitehall_n where_o sir_n thomas_n widdrington_n the_o speaker_n use_v the_o first_o argument_n and_o the_o protector_n desire_v some_o time_n to_o seek_v god_n the_o business_n be_v weighty_a the_o next_o day_n they_o send_v a_o committee_n to_o he_o to_o receive_v his_o answer_n which_o answer_v be_v not_o very_o clear_a they_o press_v he_o again_o for_o a_o resolution_n to_o which_o he_o make_v answer_v in_o a_o long_a speech_n that_o end_v in_o a_o peremptory_a refusal_n and_o so_o retain_v still_o the_o title_n of_o protector_n he_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o government_n according_a to_o certain_a article_n contain_v in_o the_o say_a petition_n b._n what_o make_v he_o refuse_v the_o title_n of_o king_n a._n because_o he_o dare_v not_o take_v it_o at_o that_o time_n the_o army_n be_v addict_v to_o their_o great_a officer_n and_o among_o their_o great_a officer_n many_o hope_v to_o succeed_v he_o and_o the_o succession_n have_v be_v promise_v to_o major-general_n lambert_n will_v have_v mutinied_a against_o he_o he_o be_v therefore_o force_v to_o stay_v for_o a_o more_o propitious_a conjuncture_n b._n what_o be_v those_o article_n a._n the_o most_o
and_o tertullian_n maintain_v that_o god_n be_v either_o a_o corporeal_a substance_n or_o nothing_o nor_o be_v he_o ever_o condemn_v for_o it_o by_o the_o church_n for_o why_o not_o only_o tertullian_n but_o all_o the_o learned_a call_v body_n not_o only_o that_o which_o one_o can_v see_v but_o also_o whatsoever_o have_v magnitude_n or_o that_o be_v somewhere_o for_o they_o have_v great_a reverence_n for_o the_o divine_a substance_n than_o that_o they_o dare_v think_v it_o have_v no_o magnitude_n or_o be_v no_o where_o but_o they_o that_o hold_v god_n to_o be_v a_o phantasm_n as_o do_v the_o exorcist_n in_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n that_o be_v such_o a_o thing_n as_o be_v at_o that_o time_n think_v to_o be_v the_o spright_n that_o be_v say_v to_o walk_v in_o churchyard_n and_o to_o be_v the_o soul_n of_o man_n bury_v they_o do_v absolute_o make_v god_n to_o be_v nothing_o at_o all_o but_o how_o be_v they_o atheist_n no._n for_o though_o by_o ignorance_n of_o the_o consequence_n they_o say_v that_o which_o be_v equivolent_a to_o atheism_n yet_o in_o their_o heart_n they_o think_v god_n a_o substance_n and_o will_v also_o if_o they_o have_v know_v what_o substance_n and_o what_o corporeal_a mean_v have_v say_v he_o be_v a_o corporeal_a substance_n so_o that_o this_o atheism_n by_o consequence_n be_v a_o very_a easy_a thing_n to_o be_v fall_v into_o even_o by_o the_o most_o godly_a man_n of_o the_o church_n he_o also_o that_o say_v that_o god_n be_v whole_o here_o and_o whole_o there_o and_o whole_o every_o where_o destroy_v by_o consequence_n the_o unity_n of_o god_n and_o the_o infiniteness_n of_o god_n and_o the_o simplicity_n of_o god_n and_o this_o the_o schoolman_n do_v and_o be_v therefore_o atheist_n by_o consequence_n and_o yet_o they_o do_v not_o all_o say_v in_o their_o heart_n that_o there_o be_v no_o god_n so_o also_o his_o lordship_n by_o exempt_n the_o will_n of_o man_n from_o be_v subject_n to_o the_o necessity_n of_o god_n will_n or_o decree_n deny_v by_o consequence_n the_o divine_a prescience_n which_o also_o will_v amount_v to_o atheism_n by_o consequence_n but_o out_o of_o this_o that_o god_n be_v a_o spirit_n corporeal_a and_o infinite_o pure_a there_o can_v no_o unworthy_a or_o dishonourable_a consequence_n be_v draw_v thus_o far_o to_o his_o lordship_n first_o chapter_n in_o justification_n of_o my_o leviathan_n as_o to_o matter_n of_o religion_n and_o especial_o to_o wipe_v off_o that_o unjust_a slander_n cast_v upon_o i_o by_o the_o bishop_n of_o derry_n as_o for_o the_o second_o chapter_n which_o concern_v my_o civil_a doctrine_n since_o my_o error_n there_o if_o there_o be_v any_o will_v not_o tend_v very_o much_o to_o my_o disgrace_n i_o will_v not_o take_v the_o pain_n to_o answer_v it_o whereas_o his_o lordship_n have_v talk_v in_o his_o discourse_n here_o and_o there_o ignorant_o of_o heresy_n and_o some_o other_o have_v not_o doubt_v to_o say_v public_o that_o there_o be_v many_o heresy_n in_o my_o leviathan_n i_o will_v add_v hereunto_o for_o a_o general_a answer_n a_o historical_a relation_n concern_v the_o word_n heresy_n from_o the_o first_o use_n of_o it_o among_o the_o grecian_n till_o this_o present_a time_n finis_fw-la a_o historical_a narration_n concern_v heresy_n and_o the_o punishment_n thereof_o by_o thomas_n hobbes_n of_o malmesbury_n at_o veluti_fw-la pveri_fw-la trepidant_fw-la atque_fw-la omne_fw-la caecis_fw-la in_o tenebris_fw-la metuunt_fw-la sic_fw-la nos_fw-la in_o luce_n timemus_fw-la interdum_fw-la nihilo_fw-la quae_fw-la sunt_fw-la metuenda_fw-la magis_fw-la quam_fw-la quae_fw-la pveri_fw-la in_o tenebris_fw-la pavitant_fw-la metuuntque_fw-la futura_fw-la lucr._n lib._n 2.3_o 6._o london_n print_v in_o the_o year_n 1682._o haereseωs_fw-la larvas_fw-la sectarum_fw-la immania_fw-la monstra_fw-la hobbius_n inuicto_fw-la dispulit_fw-la ingenio_fw-la a_o historical_a narration_n concern_v heresy_n and_o the_o punishment_n thereof_o the_o word_n heresy_n be_v greek_a and_o signify_v a_o take_n of_o any_o thing_n and_o particular_o the_o take_n of_o a_o opinion_n after_o the_o study_n of_o philosophy_n begin_v in_o greece_n and_o the_o philosopher_n disagree_v among_o themselves_o have_v start_v many_o question_n not_o only_o about_o thing_n natural_a but_o also_o moral_a and_o civil_a because_o every_o man_n take_v what_o opinion_n he_o please_v each_o several_a opinion_n be_v call_v a_o heresy_n which_o signify_v no_o more_o than_o a_o private_a opinion_n without_o reference_n to_o truth_n or_o falsehood_n the_o beginner_n of_o these_o heresy_n be_v chief_o pythagoras_n plato_n aristotle_n epicurus_n zeno_n man_n who_o as_o they_o hold_v many_o error_n so_o also_o find_v they_o out_o many_o true_a and_o useful_a doctrine_n in_o all_o kind_n of_o learning_n and_o for_o that_o cause_n be_v well_o esteem_v of_o by_o the_o great_a personage_n of_o their_o own_o time_n and_o so_o also_o be_v some_o few_o of_o their_o follower_n but_o the_o rest_n ignorant_a man_n and_o very_o often_o needy_a knave_n have_v learn_v by_o heart_n the_o opinion_n of_o these_o admire_a philosopher_n and_o pretend_v to_o take_v after_o they_o make_v use_v thereof_o to_o get_v their_o live_n by_o the_o teach_n of_o rich_a man_n child_n that_o happen_v to_o be_v in_o love_n with_o those_o great_a name_n though_o by_o their_o impertinent_a discourse_n sordid_a and_o ridiculous_a manner_n they_o be_v general_o despise_v of_o what_o sect_n or_o heresy_n soever_o whether_o they_o be_v pythagorean_n or_o academic_n follower_n of_o plato_n or_o peripatetic_n follower_n of_o aristotle_n epicurean_o or_o stoic_n follower_n of_o zeno_n for_o these_o be_v the_o name_n of_o heresy_n or_o as_o the_o latin_n call_v they_o sect_n à _fw-la sequendo_fw-la so_o much_o talk_v of_o from_o after_o the_o time_n of_o alexander_n till_o this_o present_a day_n and_o that_o have_v perpetual_o trouble_v or_o deceive_v the_o people_n with_o who_o they_o live_v and_o be_v never_o more_o numerous_a than_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o primitive_a church_n the_o heresy_n of_o aristotle_n by_o the_o revolution_n of_o time_n have_v have_v the_o good_a fortune_n to_o be_v predominant_a over_o the_o rest_n however_o original_o the_o name_n of_o heresy_n be_v no_o disgrace_n nor_o the_o word_n heretic_n at_o all_o in_o use_n though_o the_o several_a sect_n especial_o the_o epicurean_o and_o the_o stoic_n hate_v one_o another_o and_o the_o stoic_n be_v the_o fierce_a man_n use_v to_o revile_v those_o that_o differ_v from_o they_o with_o the_o most_o despightful_a word_n they_o can_v invent_v it_o can_v be_v doubt_v but_o that_o by_o the_o preach_n of_o the_o apostle_n and_o disciple_n of_o christ_n in_o greece_n and_o other_o part_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n full_a of_o these_o philosopher_n many_o thousand_o of_o man_n be_v convert_v to_o the_o christian_a faith_n some_o real_o and_o some_o feign_o for_o factious_a end_n or_o for_o need_n for_o christian_n live_v then_o in_o common_a and_o be_v charitable_a and_o because_o most_o of_o these_o philosopher_n have_v better_a skill_n in_o dispute_v and_o oratory_n than_o the_o common_a people_n and_o thereby_o be_v better_o qualify_v both_o to_o defend_v and_o propagate_v the_o gospel_n there_o be_v no_o doubt_n i_o say_v but_o most_o of_o the_o pastor_n of_o the_o primitive_a church_n be_v for_o that_o reason_n choose_v out_o of_o the_o number_n of_o these_o philosopher_n who_o retain_v still_o many_o doctrine_n which_o they_o have_v take_v up_o on_o the_o authority_n of_o their_o former_a master_n who_o they_o have_v in_o reverence_n endeavour_v many_o of_o they_o to_o draw_v the_o scripture_n every_o one_o to_o his_o own_o heresy_n and_o thus_o at_o first_o enter_v heresy_n into_o the_o church_n of_o christ._n yet_o these_o man_n be_v all_o of_o they_o christian_n as_o they_o be_v when_o they_o be_v first_o baptize_v nor_o do_v they_o deny_v the_o authority_n of_o those_o write_n which_o be_v leave_v they_o by_o the_o apostle_n and_o evangelist_n though_o they_o interpret_v they_o many_o time_n with_o a_o bias_n to_o their_o former_a philosophy_n and_o this_o dissension_n among_o themselves_o be_v a_o great_a scandal_n to_o the_o unbeliever_n and_o which_o not_o only_o obstruct_v the_o way_n of_o the_o gospel_n but_o also_o draw_v scorn_n and_o great_a persecution_n upon_o the_o church_n for_o remedy_v whereof_o the_o chief_a pastor_n of_o church_n do_v use_v at_o the_o rise_n of_o any_o new_a opinion_n to_o assemble_v themselves_o for_o the_o examine_n and_o determine_v of_o the_o same_o wherein_o if_o the_o author_n of_o the_o opinion_n be_v convince_v of_o his_o error_n and_o subscribe_v to_o the_o sentence_n of_o the_o church_n assemble_v than_o all_o be_v well_o again_o but_o if_o he_o still_o persist_v in_o it_o they_o lay_v he_o aside_o and_o consider_v he_o but_o as_o a_o heathen_a man_n which_o to_o a_o unfeigned_a christian_a be_v a_o great_a ignominy_n and_o of_o
force_n to_o make_v he_o consider_v better_o of_o his_o own_o doctrine_n and_o sometime_o bring_v he_o to_o the_o acknowledgement_n of_o the_o truth_n but_o other_o punishment_n they_o can_v inflict_v none_o that_o be_v a_o right_n appropriate_v to_o the_o civil_a power_n so_o that_o all_o the_o punishment_n the_o church_n can_v inflict_v be_v only_o ignominy_n and_o that_o among_o the_o faithful_a consist_v in_o this_o that_o his_o company_n be_v by_o all_o the_o godly_a avoid_v and_o he_o himself_o brand_v with_o the_o name_n of_o heretic_n in_o opposition_n to_o the_o whole_a church_n that_o condemn_v his_o doctrine_n so_o that_o catholic_n and_o heretic_n be_v term_n relative_a and_o here_o it_o be_v that_o heretic_n become_v to_o be_v a_o name_n and_o a_o name_n of_o disgrace_n both_o together_o the_o first_o and_o most_o troublesome_a heresy_n in_o the_o primitive_a church_n be_v about_o the_o trinity_n for_o according_a to_o the_o usual_a curiosity_n of_o natural_a philosopher_n they_o can_v not_o abstain_v from_o dispute_v the_o very_a first_o principle_n of_o christianity_n into_o which_o they_o be_v baptize_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o father_n the_o son_n and_o the_o holy_a ghost_n some_o there_o be_v that_o make_v they_o allegorical_a other_o will_v make_v one_o creator_n of_o good_a and_o another_o of_o evil_a which_o be_v in_o effect_n to_o set_v up_o two_o god_n one_o contrary_a to_o another_o suppose_v that_o causation_n of_o evil_n can_v not_o be_v attribute_v to_o god_n without_o impiety_n from_o which_o doctrine_n they_o be_v not_o far_o distant_a that_o now_o make_v the_o first_o cause_n of_o sinful_a action_n to_o be_v every_o man_n as_o to_o his_o own_o sin_n other_o there_o be_v that_o will_v have_v god_n to_o be_v a_o body_n with_o part_n organical_a as_o face_n hand_n forepart_n and_o backpart_n other_o that_o christ_n have_v no_o real_a body_n but_o be_v a_o mere_a phantasm_n for_o phantasm_n be_v take_v then_o and_o have_v be_v ever_o since_o by_o unlearned_a and_o superstitious_a man_n for_o thing_n real_a and_o subsistent_a other_o deny_v the_o divinity_n of_o christ._n other_o that_o christ_n be_v god_n and_o man_n be_v two_o person_n other_o confess_v he_o be_v one_o person_n and_o withal_o that_o he_o have_v but_o one_o nature_n and_o a_o great_a many_o other_o heresy_n arise_v from_o the_o too_o much_o adherence_n to_o the_o philosophy_n of_o those_o time_n whereof_o some_o be_v suppress_v for_o a_o time_n by_o st._n john_n publish_n his_o gospel_n and_o some_o by_o their_o own_o unreasonableness_n vanish_v and_o some_o last_v till_o the_o time_n of_o constantine_n the_o great_a and_o after_z when_o constantine_n the_o great_a make_v so_o by_o the_o assistance_n and_o valour_n of_o the_o christian_a soldier_n have_v attain_v to_o be_v the_o only_a roman_a emperor_n he_o also_o himself_o become_v a_o christian_a and_o cause_v the_o temple_n of_o the_o heathen_a god_n to_o be_v demolish_v and_o authorize_v christian_a religion_n only_o to_o be_v public_a but_o towards_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o his_o time_n there_o arise_v a_o dispute_n in_o the_o city_n of_o alexandria_n between_o alexander_n the_o bishop_n and_o arius_n a_o presbyter_n of_o the_o same_o city_n wherein_o arius_n maintain_v first_o that_o christ_n be_v inferior_a to_o his_o father_n and_o afterward_o that_o he_o be_v no_o god_n allege_v the_o word_n of_o christ_n my_o father_n be_v great_a than_o i_o the_o bishop_n on_o the_o contrary_n allege_v the_o word_n of_o st._n john_n and_o the_o word_n be_v god_n and_o the_o word_n of_o st._n thomas_n my_o lord_n and_o my_o god_n this_o controversy_n present_o among_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o soldier_n of_o alexandria_n become_v a_o quarrel_n and_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o much_o bloodshed_n in_o and_o about_o the_o city_n and_o be_v likely_a then_o to_o spread_v further_o as_o afterward_o it_o do_v this_o so_o far_o concern_v the_o emperor_n civil_a government_n that_o he_o think_v it_o necessary_a to_o call_v a_o general_n council_n of_o all_o the_o bishop_n and_o other_o eminent_a divine_n throughout_o the_o roman_a empire_n to_o meet_v at_o the_o city_n of_o nice_a when_o they_o be_v assemble_v they_o present_v the_o emperor_n with_o libel_n of_o accusation_n one_o against_o another_o when_o he_o have_v receive_v these_o libel_n into_o his_o hand_n he_o make_v a_o oration_n to_o the_o father_n assemble_v exhort_v they_o to_o agree_v and_o to_o fall_v in_o hand_n with_o the_o settlement_n of_o the_o article_n of_o faith_n for_o which_o cause_n he_o have_v assemble_v they_o say_v whatsoever_o they_o shall_v decree_v therein_o he_o will_v cause_v to_o be_v observe_v this_o may_v perhaps_o seem_v a_o great_a indifferency_n than_o will_v in_o these_o day_n be_v approve_v of_o but_o so_o it_o be_v in_o the_o history_n and_o the_o article_n of_o faith_n necessary_a to_o salvation_n be_v not_o think_v then_o to_o be_v so_o many_o as_o afterward_o they_o be_v define_v to_o be_v by_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n when_o constantine_n have_v end_v his_o oration_n he_o cause_v the_o aforesaid_a libel_n to_o be_v cast_v into_o the_o fire_n as_o become_v a_o wise_a king_n and_o a_o charitable_a christian._n this_o do_v the_o father_n fall_v in_o hand_n with_o their_o business_n and_o follow_v the_o method_n of_o a_o former_a creed_n now_o common_o call_v the_o apostle_n creed_n make_v a_o confession_n of_o faith_n viz._n i_o believe_v in_o one_o god_n the_o father_n almighty_n maker_n of_o heaven_n and_o earth_n and_o of_o all_o thing_n visible_a and_o invisible_a in_o which_o be_v condemn_v the_o polytheism_n of_o the_o gentile_n and_o in_o one_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n the_o only_o beget_v son_n of_o god_n against_o the_o many_o son_n of_o the_o many_o god_n of_o the_o heathen_a beget_v of_o his_o father_n before_o all_o world_n god_n of_o god_n against_o the_o arian_n very_a god_n of_o very_a god_n against_o the_o valentinian_o and_o against_o the_o heresy_n of_o apelles_n and_o other_o who_o make_v christ_n a_o mere_a phantasm_n light_n of_o light_n this_o be_v put_v in_o for_o explication_n and_o use_v before_o to_o that_o purpose_n by_o tertullian_n beget_v not_o make_v be_v of_o one_o substance_n with_o the_o father_n in_o this_o again_o they_o condemn_v the_o doctrine_n of_o arius_n for_o this_o word_n of_o one_o substance_n in_o latin_a consubstantialis_fw-la but_o in_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v of_o one_o essence_n be_v put_v as_o a_o touchstone_n to_o discern_v a_o arian_n from_o a_o catholic_n and_o much_o ado_n there_o be_v about_o it_o constantine_n himself_o at_o the_o pass_n of_o this_o creed_n take_v notice_n of_o it_o for_o a_o hard_a word_n but_o yet_o approve_v of_o it_o say_v that_o in_o a_o divine_a mystery_n it_o be_v fit_a to_o use_v divina_fw-la &_o arcana_fw-la verba_fw-la that_o be_v divine_a word_n and_o hide_a from_o humane_a understanding_n call_v that_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d divine_a not_o because_o it_o be_v in_o the_o divine_a scripture_n for_o it_o be_v not_o there_o but_o because_o it_o be_v to_o he_o arcanum_n that_o be_v not_o sufficient_o understand_v and_o in_o this_o again_o appear_v the_o indifferency_n of_o the_o emperor_n and_o that_o he_o have_v for_o his_o end_n in_o the_o call_n of_o the_o synod_n not_o so_o much_o the_o truth_n as_o the_o uniformity_n of_o the_o doctrine_n and_o peace_n of_o his_o people_n that_o depend_v on_o it_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o obscurity_n of_o this_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d proceed_v chief_o from_o the_o difference_n between_o the_o greek_a and_o roman_a dialect_n in_o the_o philosophy_n of_o the_o peripatetic_n the_o first_o principle_n of_o religion_n in_o all_o nation_n be_v that_o god_n be_v that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o god_n real_o be_v something_o and_o not_o a_o mere_a fancy_n but_o that_o which_o be_v real_o something_o be_v considerable_a alone_o by_o itself_o as_o be_v somewhere_o in_o which_o sense_n a_o man_n be_v a_o thing_n real_a for_o i_o can_v consider_v he_o to_o be_v without_o consider_v any_o other_o thing_n to_o be_v beside_o he_o and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n the_o earth_n the_o air_n the_o star_n heaven_n and_o their_o part_n be_v all_o of_o they_o thing_n real_a and_o because_o whatsoever_o be_v real_a here_o or_o there_o or_o in_o any_o place_n have_v dimension_n that_o be_v to_o say_v magnitude_n and_o that_o which_o have_v magnitude_n whether_o it_o be_v visible_a or_o invisible_a finite_a or_o infinite_a be_v call_v by_o all_o the_o learned_a a_o body_n it_o follow_v that_o all_o real_a thing_n in_o that_o they_o be_v somewhere_o be_v corporeal_a on_o the_o contrary_a essence_n deity_n humanity_n and_o suchlike_a name_n signify_v nothing_o that_o can_v be_v consider_v without_o first_o consider_v
a_o little_a more_o slow_o for_o you_o may_v have_v observe_v that_o when_o it_o snow_v in_o the_o south_n part_n the_o flake_n of_o snow_n be_v not_o so_o great_a as_o in_o the_o north_n which_o be_v a_o probable_a sign_n they_o fall_v in_o the_o south_n from_o a_o great_a height_n and_o consequent_o disperse_v themselves_o more_o as_o water_n do_v that_o fall_v down_o from_o a_o high_a and_o steep_a rock_n a._n it_o be_v not_o improbable_a b._n in_o natural_a cause_n all_o you_o be_v to_o expect_v be_v but_o probability_n which_o be_v better_o yet_o then_o make_v gravity_n the_o cause_n when_o the_o cause_n of_o gravity_n be_v that_o you_o desire_v to_o know_v and_o better_o than_o say_v the_o earth_n draw_v it_o when_o the_o question_n be_v how_o it_o draw_v a._n why_o do_v the_o earth_n cast_v off_o air_n more_o easy_o than_o it_o do_v water_n or_o any_o other_o heavy_a body_n b._n it_o be_v indeed_o the_o earth_n that_o cast_v off_o that_o air_n which_o be_v next_o unto_o it_o but_o it_o be_v that_o air_n which_o cast_v off_o the_o next_o air_n and_o so_o continual_o air_n move_v air_n which_o it_o can_v more_o easy_o do_v then_o any_o other_o thing_n because_o like_a body_n be_v more_o susceptible_a of_o one_o another_o motion_n as_o you_o may_v see_v in_o two_o lute-string_n equal_o strain_v what_o motion_n one_o string_n be_v strike_v communicate_v to_o the_o air_n the_o same_o will_v the_o other_o receive_v from_o the_o air_n but_o strain_v to_o a_o differ_a note_n will_v be_v less_o or_o not_o at_o all_o move_v for_o there_o be_v no_o body_n but_o air_n that_o have_v not_o some_o internal_a though_o invisible_a motion_n of_o its_o part_n and_o it_o be_v that_o internal_a motion_n which_o distinguish_v all_o natural_a body_n one_o from_o another_o a._n what_o be_v the_o cause_n why_o certain_a squib_n though_o their_o substance_n be_v either_o wood_n or_o other_o heavy_a matter_n make_v hollow_a and_o fill_v with_o gunpowder_n which_o be_v also_o heavy_a do_v nevertheless_o when_o the_o gunpowder_n be_v kindle_v fly_v upward_o b._n the_o same_o that_o keep_v a_o man_n that_o swim_v from_o sink_v though_o he_o be_v heavy_a than_o so_o much_o water_n he_o keep_v himself_o up_o and_o go_v forward_o by_o beat_v back_o the_o water_n with_o his_o foot_n and_o so_o do_v a_o squib_n by_o beat_v down_o the_o air_n with_o the_o stream_n of_o the_o fire_a gunpowder_n that_o proceed_v from_o its_o tail_n make_v it_o recoil_v a._n why_o do_v any_o brass_n or_o iron_n vessel_n if_o it_o be_v hollow_a float_n upon_o the_o water_n be_v so_o very_o heavy_a b._n because_o the_o vessel_n and_o the_o air_n in_o it_o take_v as_o one_o body_n be_v more_o easy_o cast_v off_o than_o a_o body_n of_o water_n equal_a to_o it_o a._n how_o come_v it_o to_o pass_v that_o a_o fish_n especial_o such_o a_o broad_a fish_n as_o a_o turbot_n or_o a_o plaice_n which_o be_v broad_a and_o thin_a in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n perhaps_o a_o mile_n deep_a be_v not_o press_v to_o death_n with_o the_o weight_n of_o water_n that_o lie_v upon_o the_o back_n of_o it_o b._n because_o all_o heavy_a body_n descend_v towards_o one_o point_n which_o be_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o consequent_o the_o whole_a sea_n descend_v at_o once_o do_v arch_n itself_o so_o as_o that_o the_o upper_a part_n can_v press_v the_o part_n next_o below_o they_o a._n it_o be_v evident_a nor_o can_v there_o be_v possible_o any_o weight_n as_o some_o suppose_v there_o be_v of_o a_o cylinder_n of_o air_n or_o water_n or_o of_o any_o other_o liquid_a thing_n while_o it_o remain_v in_o its_o own_o element_n or_o be_v sustain_v and_o enclose_v in_o a_o vessel_n by_o which_o one_o part_n can_v press_v the_o other_o chap._n ii_o problem_n of_o tide_n a._n what_o make_v the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n of_o the_o sea_n twice_o in_o a_o natural_a day_n b._n we_o must_v come_v again_o to_o our_o basin_n of_o water_n wherein_o you_o have_v see_v whilst_o it_o be_v move_v how_o the_o water_n mount_v up_o by_o the_o side_n and_o withal_o go_v circle_v round_o about_o now_o if_o you_o shall_v fasten_v to_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o basin_n some_o bar_n from_o the_o bottom_n to_o the_o top_n you_o will_v see_v the_o water_n instead_o of_o go_v on_o go_v back_o again_o from_o that_o bar_n ebb_v and_o the_o water_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o bar_n to_o do_v the_o same_o but_o in_o counter-time_n and_o consequent_o to_o be_v high_a where_o the_o contrary_a stream_n meet_v together_o and_o then_o return_v again_o mark_v out_o four_o quarter_n of_o the_o vessel_n two_o by_o their_o meeting_n which_o be_v the_o high_a water_n and_o two_o by_o their_o retire_n which_o be_v the_o low_a water_n a._n what_o bar_n be_v that_o you_o find_v in_o the_o ocean_n that_o stop_v the_o current_n of_o the_o water_n like_o that_o you_o make_v in_o the_o basin_n b._n you_o know_v that_o the_o main_a ocean_n lie_v east_n and_o west_n between_o india_n and_o the_o coast_n of_o america_n and_o again_o on_o the_o other_o side_n between_o america_n and_o india_n if_o therefore_o the_o earth_n have_v such_o a_o motion_n as_o i_o have_v suppose_v it_o must_v needs_o carry_v the_o current_n of_o the_o sea_n east_n and_o west_n in_o which_o course_n the_o bar_n that_o stop_v it_o be_v the_o south_n part_n of_o america_n which_o leave_v no_o passage_n for_o the_o water_n but_o the_o narrow_a straight_o of_o magellan_n the_o tide_n rise_v therefore_o upon_o the_o coast_n of_o america_n and_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o same_o in_o this_o part_n of_o the_o world_n proceed_v from_o the_o swell_a chief_o of_o the_o water_n there_o and_o partly_o also_o from_o the_o north_n sea_n which_o lie_v also_o east_n and_o west_n and_o have_v a_o passage_n out_o of_o the_o south_n sea_n by_o the_o straight_a of_o anian_n between_o america_n and_o asia_n a._n do_v not_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n lie_v also_o east_n and_o west_n why_o be_v there_o not_o the_o like_a tide_n there_o b._n so_o there_o be_v proportionable_a to_o their_o length_n and_o quantity_n of_o water_n a._n at_o genoa_n at_o ancona_n there_o be_v none_o at_o all_o or_o not_o sensible_a b._n at_o venice_n there_o be_v and_o in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o straits_n and_o a_o current_a all_o along_o both_o the_o mediterranean-sea_n and_o the_o gulf_n of_o venice_n and_o it_o be_v the_o current_n that_o make_v the_o tide_n unsensible_a at_o the_o side_n but_o the_o check_n make_v they_o visible_a at_o the_o bottom_n a._n how_o come_v it_o about_o that_o the_o moon_n have_v such_o a_o stroke_n in_o the_o business_n as_o so_o sensible_o to_o increase_v the_o tide_n at_o full_a and_o change_v b._n the_o motion_n i_o have_v hitherto_o suppose_v but_o in_o the_o earth_n i_o suppose_v also_o in_o the_o moon_n and_o in_o all_o those_o great_a body_n that_o hang_v in_o the_o air_n constant_o i_o mean_v the_o star_n both_o fix_v and_o errant_a and_o for_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n i_o suppose_v the_o pole_n of_o their_o motion_n to_o be_v the_o pole_n of_o the_o aequinoctial_a which_o suppose_v it_o will_v follow_v because_o the_o sun_n the_o earth_n and_o the_o moon_n at_o every_o full_a and_o change_n be_v almost_o in_o one_o straight_a line_n that_o this_o motion_n of_o the_o earth_n will_v be_v make_v swift_a than_o in_o the_o quarter_n for_o this_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n be_v communicate_v to_o the_o earth_n that_o have_v already_o the_o like_a motion_n make_v the_o same_o great_a and_o much_o great_a when_o they_o be_v all_o three_o in_o one_o straight_a line_n which_o be_v only_o at_o the_o full_a and_o change_n who_o tide_n be_v therefore_o call_v spring_n tide_n a._n but_o what_o then_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o spring-tide_n themselves_o be_v twice_o a_o year_n namely_o when_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o equinoctial_a great_a than_o at_o any_o other_o time_n b._n at_o other_o time_n of_o the_o year_n the_o earth_n be_v out_o of_o the_o aequinoctial_a the_o motion_n thereof_o by_o which_o the_o tide_n be_v make_v will_v be_v less_o augment_v by_o so_o much_o as_o a_o motion_n in_o the_o obliquity_n of_o 23_o degree_n or_o thereabouts_o which_o be_v the_o distance_n between_o the_o aequinoctial_a and_o ecliptic_a circle_n be_v weak_a than_o the_o motion_n which_o be_v without_o obliquity_n a._n all_o this_o be_v reasonable_a enough_o if_o it_o be_v possible_a that_o such_o motion_n as_o you_o suppose_v in_o these_o body_n be_v real_o there_o but_o that_o be_v a_o thing_n i_o have_v some_o reason_n to_o doubt_v of_o for_o the_o throw_v off_o of_o air_n consequent_a to_o these_o motion_n be_v the_o cause_n
you_o say_v that_o other_o thing_n come_v to_o the_o earth_n and_o therefore_o the_o like_a motion_n in_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n and_o star_n cast_v off_o the_o air_n shall_v also_o cause_v all_o other_o thing_n to_o come_v to_o every_o one_o of_o they_o from_o whence_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o the_o sun_n moon_n and_o earth_n and_o all_o other_o body_n but_o air_n shall_v present_o come_v together_o into_o one_o heap_n b._n that_o do_v not_o follow_v for_o if_o two_o body_n cast_v off_o the_o air_n the_o motion_n of_o that_o air_n will_v be_v repress_v both_o way_n and_o divert_v into_o a_o course_n towards_o the_o pole_n on_o both_o side_n and_o then_o the_o two_o body_n can_v possible_o come_v together_o a._n it_o be_v true_a and_o beside_o this_o drive_v off_o the_o air_n on_o both_o side_n north_n and_o south_n make_v the_o like_a motion_n of_o air_n there_o also_o and_o this_o may_v answer_v to_o the_o question_n how_o a_o stone_n can_v fall_v to_o the_o earth_n under_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a by_o the_o only_o cast_v off_o of_o air_n b._n it_o follow_v from_o hence_o that_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a and_o determinate_a distance_n of_o one_o of_o these_o body_n the_o star_n from_o another_o without_o any_o very_a sensible_a variation_n a._n all_o this_o be_v probable_a enough_o if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o there_o be_v no_o vacuum_n no_o place_n empty_a in_o all_o the_o world_n and_o suppose_v this_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n to_o be_v in_o the_o plain_a of_o the_o aequinoctial_a methinks_v that_o this_o shall_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o diurnal_a motion_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o because_o this_o motion_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v you_o say_v in_o the_o plain_a of_o the_o aequinoctial_a the_o same_o shall_v cause_v also_o a_o motion_n in_o the_o moon_n on_o her_o own_o centre_n answerable_a to_o the_o diurnal_a motion_n of_o the_o earth_n b._n why_o not_o what_o else_o can_v you_o think_v make_v the_o diurnal_a motion_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o the_o sun_n and_o for_o the_o moon_n if_o it_o do_v not_o turn_v upon_o its_o own_o centre_n we_o shall_v see_v sometime_o one_o sometime_o another_o face_n of_o the_o moon_n which_o we_o do_v not_o chap._n iii_o problem_n of_o vacuum_n what_o convince_a argument_n be_v there_o to_o prove_v that_o in_o all_o the_o world_n there_o be_v no_o empty_a place_n b._n many_o but_o i_o will_v name_v but_o one_o and_o that_o be_v the_o difficulty_n of_o separate_v two_o body_n hard_a and_o flat_o lay_v one_o upon_o another_o i_o say_v the_o difficulty_n not_o the_o impossibility_n it_o be_v possible_a without_o introduce_v vacuum_n to_o pull_v asunder_o any_o two_o body_n how_o hard_a and_o flat_a soever_o they_o be_v if_o the_o force_n use_v be_v great_a than_o the_o resistance_n of_o the_o hardness_n and_o in_o case_n there_o be_v any_o great_a difficulty_n to_o part_v they_o beside_o what_o proceed_v from_o their_o hardness_n then_o there_o be_v to_o pull_v they_o further_o asunder_o when_o they_o be_v part_v that_o difficulty_n be_v argument_n enough_o to_o prove_v there_o be_v no_o vacuum_n a._n these_o assertion_n need_v demonstration_n and_o first_o how_o do_v the_o difficulty_n of_o separation_n argue_v the_o plenitude_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o world_n b._n if_o two_o flat_a polish_a marble_n lie_v one_o upon_o another_o you_o see_v they_o be_v hardly_o separate_v in_o all_o point_n at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o instant_n and_o yet_o the_o weight_n of_o either_o of_o they_o it_o be_v enough_o to_o make_v they_o slide_v off_o one_o from_o the_o other_o be_v not_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o that_o the_o air_n succeed_v the_o marble_n that_o so_o slide_v and_o fill_v up_o the_o place_n it_o leave_v a._n yes_o certain_o what_o then_o b._n but_o when_o you_o pull_v the_o whole_a superficies_n asunder_o not_o without_o great_a difficulty_n what_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o that_o difficulty_n a._n i_o think_v as_o most_o man_n do_v that_o the_o air_n can_v fill_v up_o the_o space_n between_o in_o a_o instant_n for_o the_o part_n be_v in_o a_o instant_n b._n suppose_v there_o be_v vacuum_n in_o that_o air_n into_o which_o the_o marble_n you_o pull_v off_o be_v to_o succeed_v shall_v there_o be_v no_o vacuum_n in_o the_o air_n that_o be_v round_o about_o the_o two_o marble_n when_o they_o touch_v why_o can_v that_o vacuum_n come_v into_o the_o place_n between_o air_n can_v succeed_v in_o a_o instant_n because_o a_o body_n and_o consequent_o can_v be_v move_v through_o the_o least_o space_n in_o a_o instant_n but_o emptiness_n be_v not_o a_o body_n nor_o be_v move_v but_o make_v by_o the_o act_n itself_o of_o separation_n there_o be_v therefore_o if_o you_o admit_v vacuum_n no_o necessity_n at_o all_o for_o the_o air_n to_o fill_v the_o space_n leave_v in_o a_o instant_n and_o therefore_o with_o what_o ease_n the_o marble_n come_v off_o press_v out_o the_o vacuum_n of_o the_o air_n behind_o it_o with_o the_o same_o ease_n will_v the_o marble_n be_v pull_v asunder_o see_v then_o if_o there_o be_v vacuum_n there_o will_v be_v no_o difficulty_n of_o separation_n it_o follow_v because_o there_o be_v difficulty_n of_o separation_n that_o there_o be_v no_o vacuum_n a._n well_o now_o suppose_v the_o world_n full_a how_o do_v you_o prove_v it_o possible_a to_o pull_v those_o marble_n asunder_o b._n take_v a_o piece_n of_o soft_a wax_n do_v not_o you_o think_v the_o one_o half_a touch_n the_o other_o half_a as_o close_o as_o the_o smooth_a marble_n yet_o you_o can_v pull_v they_o asunder_o but_o how_o still_o as_o you_o pull_v the_o wax_n grow_v continual_o more_o and_o more_o slender_a there_o be_v a_o perpetual_a part_n or_o discession_n of_o the_o outermost_a part_n of_o the_o wax_n one_o from_o another_o which_o the_o air_n present_o fill_v and_o so_o there_o be_v a_o continual_a lessen_v of_o the_o wax_n till_o it_o be_v no_o big_a than_o a_o hair_n and_o at_o last_o separation_n if_o you_o can_v do_v the_o same_o to_o a_o pillar_n of_o marble_n till_o the_o outside_n give_v way_n the_o effect_n will_v be_v the_o same_o but_o much_o quick_a after_o it_o once_o begin_v to_o break_v in_o the_o superficies_n because_o the_o force_n that_o can_v master_v the_o first_o resistance_n of_o the_o hardness_n will_v quick_o dispatch_v the_o rest_n a._n it_o seem_v so_o by_o the_o brittleness_n of_o some_o hard_a body_n but_o i_o shall_v afterward_o put_v some_o question_n to_o you_o touch_v the_o nature_n of_o hardness_n but_o now_o to_o return_v to_o our_o subject_n what_o reason_n can_v you_o render_v without_o suppose_v vacuum_n of_o the_o effect_n produce_v in_o the_o engine_n they_o use_v at_o gresham_n college_n b._n that_o engine_n produce_v the_o same_o effect_n that_o a_o strong_a wind_n will_v produce_v in_o a_o narrow_a room_n a._n how_o come_v the_o wind_n in_o you_o know_v the_o engine_n be_v a_o hollow_a round_a pipe_n of_o brass_n into_o which_o be_v thrust_v a_o cylinder_n of_o wood_n cover_v with_o leather_n and_o fit_v to_o the_o cylinder_n so_o exact_o as_o no_o air_n can_v possible_o pass_v between_o the_o leather_n and_o the_o brass_n b._n i_o know_v it_o and_o that_o they_o may_v thrust_v it_o up_o there_o be_v a_o hole_n leave_v in_o the_o cylinder_n to_o let_v the_o air_n out_o before_o it_o which_o they_o can_v stop_v when_o they_o please_v there_o be_v also_o in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o cylinder_n a_o passage_n into_o a_o hollow_a globe_n of_o glass_n which_o passage_n they_o can_v also_o open_a and_o shut_v at_o pleasure_n and_o at_o the_o top_n of_o that_o globe_n there_o be_v a_o wide_a mouth_n to_o put_v in_o what_o they_o please_v to_o try_v conclusion_n on_o and_o that_o also_o to_o be_v open_v and_o shut_v as_o shall_v be_v needful_a it_o be_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o pop-gun_n which_o child_n use_v but_o great_a costly_a and_o more_o ingenious_a they_o thrust_v forward_o and_o pull_v back_o the_o wooden_a cylinder_n because_o it_o require_v much_o strength_n with_o a_o iron_n screw_v what_o be_v there_o in_o all_o this_o to_o prove_v the_o possibility_n of_o vacuum_n a._n when_o this_o wooden_a cylinder_n cover_v with_o leather_n fit_a and_o close_o be_v thrust_v home_o to_o the_o bottom_n and_o the_o hole_n in_o the_o hollow_a cylinder_n of_o brass_n close_o stop_v how_o can_v it_o be_v draw_v back_o as_o with_o the_o screw_n they_o draw_v it_o but_o that_o the_o space_n it_o leave_v must_v needs_o be_v empty_a for_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o any_o air_n can_v pass_v into_o the_o place_n to_o fill_v it_o b._n true_o i_o think_v it_o close_o enough_o to_o keep_v out_o straw_n and_o feather_n but_o not_o to_o keep_v out_o air_n nor_o
strong_a drink_n b._n as_o for_o oil_n i_o never_o see_v any_o inflame_v by_o itself_o how_o much_o soever_o heat_v therefore_o i_o do_v not_o think_v they_o be_v the_o part_n of_o the_o oil_n but_o of_o the_o combustible_a body_n oil_v that_o shine_n but_o the_o part_n of_o wine_n and_o strong_a drink_n have_v partly_o a_o strong_a motion_n of_o themselves_o and_o may_v be_v make_v to_o shine_v but_o not_o with_o boil_v but_o by_o add_v to_o they_o as_o they_o rise_v the_o flame_n of_o some_o other_o body_n a._n how_o can_v it_o be_v know_v that_o the_o particle_n of_o wine_n have_v such_o a_o motion_n as_o you_o suppose_v b._n have_v you_o ever_o be_v so_o much_o distemper_v with_o drink_v wine_n as_o to_o think_v the_o window_n and_o table_n move_v a._n i_o confess_v though_o you_o be_v not_o my_o confessor_n i_o have_v but_o very_o seldom_o and_o i_o remember_v the_o window_n seem_v to_o go_v and_o come_v in_o a_o kind_n of_o circle_a motion_n such_o as_o you_o have_v describe_v but_o what_o of_o that_o b._n nothing_o but_o that_o it_o be_v the_o wine_n that_o cause_v it_o which_o have_v a_o good_a degree_n of_o that_o motion_n before_o do_v when_o it_o be_v heat_v in_o the_o vein_n give_v that_o concussion_n which_o you_o think_v be_v in_o the_o window_n to_o the_o vein_n themselves_o and_o by_o the_o continuation_n of_o the_o part_n of_o man_n body_n to_o the_o brain_n and_o that_o be_v it_o which_o make_v the_o window_n seem_v to_o move_v a._n what_o be_v flame_n for_o i_o have_v often_o think_v the_o flame_n that_o come_v out_o of_o a_o small_a heap_n of_o straw_n to_o be_v more_o before_o it_o have_v do_v flame_v then_o a_o hundred_o time_n the_o straw_n itself_o b._n it_o be_v but_o your_o fancy_n if_o you_o take_v a_o stick_n in_o your_o hand_n by_o one_o end_n the_o other_o end_n burn_v and_o move_v it_o swift_o the_o burn_a end_n if_o the_o motion_n be_v circular_a shall_v seem_v a_o circle_n if_o straight_o a_o straight_a line_n of_o fire_n long_o or_o short_a according_a to_o the_o swiftness_n of_o the_o motion_n or_o to_o the_o space_n it_o move_v in_o you_o know_v the_o cause_n of_o that_o a._n i_o think_v it_o be_v because_o the_o impression_n of_o that_o visible_a object_n which_o be_v make_v at_o the_o first_o instant_n of_o the_o motion_n do_v last_o till_o it_o be_v end_v for_o than_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o it_o must_v be_v visible_a all_o the_o way_n the_o impression_n in_o all_o point_n of_o the_o time_n be_v equal_a b._n the_o cause_n can_v be_v no_o other_o the_o small_a spark_n of_o fire_n fly_v up_o seem_v a_o line_n draw_v upward_o and_o again_o by_o that_o swift_a circular_a motion_n which_o we_o have_v suppose_v for_o the_o cause_n of_o light_n seem_v also_o broad_a than_o it_o be_v and_o consequent_o the_o flame_n of_o every_o thing_n must_v needs_o seem_v much_o great_a than_o it_o be_v a._n what_o be_v those_o spark_n that_o fly_v out_o of_o the_o fire_n b._n they_o be_v small_a piece_n of_o the_o wood_n or_o coal_n or_o other_o fuel_n loosen_v and_o carry_v away_o with_o the_o air_n that_o come_v up_o with_o they_o and_o be_v extiguish_v before_o their_o part_n be_v quite_o dissipate_v into_o other_o be_v so_o much_o soot_n and_o black_a and_o may_v be_v fire_v again_o a._n a_o spark_n of_o fire_n may_v be_v strike_v out_o of_o a_o cold_a stone_n it_o be_v not_o therefore_o heat_v that_o make_v this_o shine_a b._n no_o it_o be_v the_o motion_n that_o make_v both_o the_o heat_n and_o shine_a and_o the_o stroke_n make_v the_o motion_n for_o every_o of_o those_o spark_n be_v a_o little_a parcel_n of_o the_o stone_n which_o swift_o move_v imprint_v the_o same_o motion_n into_o the_o matter_n prepare_v or_o fit_a to_o receive_v it_o a._n how_o come_v the_o light_n of_o the_o sun_n to_o burn_v almost_o any_o combustible_a matter_n by_o rerefraction_n through_o a_o convex_a glass_n and_o by_o reflection_n from_o a_o concave_a b._n the_o air_n move_v by_o the_o sun_n press_v the_o convex_a glass_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o the_o action_n continue_v through_o it_o proceed_v not_o in_o the_o same_o straight_a line_n by_o which_o it_o proceed_v from_o the_o sun_n but_o tend_v more_o towards_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o body_n it_o enter_v also_o when_o the_o action_n be_v continue_v through_o the_o convex_a body_n it_o bend_v again_o the_o same_o way_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o whole_a action_n of_o the_o sunbeam_n be_v enclose_v within_o a_o very_a small_a compass_n in_o which_o place_n therefore_o there_o must_v be_v a_o very_a vehement_a motion_n and_o consequent_o if_o there_o be_v in_o that_o place_n combustible_a matter_n such_o as_o be_v not_o very_o hard_o kindle_v the_o part_n of_o it_o will_v be_v dissipate_v and_o receive_v that_o motion_n which_o work_v on_o the_o eye_n as_o other_o fire_n do_v the_o same_o reason_n be_v to_o be_v give_v for_o burn_v by_o reflection_n for_o there_o also_o the_o beam_n be_v collect_v into_o almost_o a_o point_n a._n why_o may_v not_o the_o sunbeam_n be_v such_o a_o body_n as_o we_o call_v fire_n and_o pass_v through_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o glass_n so_o dispose_v as_o to_o carry_v they_o to_o a_o point_n or_o very_o near_o b._n can_v there_o be_v a_o glass_n that_o be_v all_o pore_n if_o there_o can_v then_o can_v this_o effect_n be_v produce_v by_o the_o pass_n of_o fire_n through_o the_o pore_n you_o have_v see_v man_n llght_n their_o tobacco_n at_o the_o sun_n with_o a_o burn_a glass_n or_o with_o a_o ball_n of_o crystal_n hold_v which_o way_n they_o will_v indifferent_o which_o must_v be_v impossible_a unless_o the_o ball_n be_v all_o pore_n again_o neither_o you_o nor_o i_o can_v conceive_v any_o other_o fire_n than_o we_o have_v see_v nor_o then_o such_o as_o water_n will_v put_v out_o but_o not_o only_o a_o solid_a globe_n of_o glass_n or_o crystal_n will_v serve_v for_o a_o burn_a glass_n but_o also_o a_o hollow_a one_o fill_v with_o water_n how_o then_o do_v the_o fire_n from_o the_o sun_n pass_v through_o the_o glass_n of_o water_n without_o be_v put_v out_o before_o it_o come_v to_o the_o matter_n they_o will_v have_v it_o burn_v a._n i_o know_v not_o there_o come_v nothing_o from_o the_o sun_n if_o there_o do_v there_o be_v come_v so_o much_o from_o it_o already_o that_o at_o this_o day_n we_o have_v have_v no_o sun_n chap._n v._o problem_n of_o hard_a and_o soft_a a._n what_o call_v you_o hard_o and_o what_o soft_a b._n that_o body_n whereof_o no_o one_o part_n be_v easy_o put_v out_o of_o its_o place_n without_o remove_v the_o whole_a be_v that_o which_o i_o and_o all_o man_n call_v hard_a and_o the_o contrary_a soft_a so_o that_o they_o be_v but_o degree_n one_o of_o another_o a._n what_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o make_v one_o body_n hard_o than_o another_o or_o see_v you_o say_v they_o be_v but_o degree_n of_o one_o another_o what_o make_v one_o body_n soft_a than_o another_o and_o the_o same_o body_n sometime_o hard_o sometime_o soft_a b._n the_o same_o motion_n which_o we_o have_v suppose_v from_o the_o begin_n for_o the_o cause_n of_o so_o many_o other_o effect_n which_o motion_n not_o be_v upon_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o part_n move_v but_o the_o part_n itself_o go_v in_o another_o circle_n to_o and_o again_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a that_o the_o motion_n be_v perfect_o circular_a for_o it_o be_v not_o circulation_n but_o the_o reciprocation_n i_o mean_v the_o to_o and_o again_o that_o do_v cast_v off_o and_o lacerrate_v the_o air_n and_o consequent_o produce_v the_o forementioned_a effect_n for_o the_o cause_n therefore_o of_o hardness_n i_o suppose_v the_o reciprocation_n of_o motion_n in_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v hard_a to_o be_v very_o swift_a and_o in_o very_o small_a circle_n a._n this_o be_v somewhat_o hard_a to_o believe_v i_o will_v you_o can_v supply_v it_o with_o some_o visible_a experience_n b._n when_o you_o see_v for_o example_n a_o cross-bow_n bend_v do_v you_o think_v the_o part_n of_o it_o stir_v a._n no._n i_o be_o sure_a they_o do_v not_o b._n how_o be_v you_o sure_a you_o have_v no_o argument_n for_o it_o but_o that_o you_o do_v not_o see_v the_o motion_n when_o i_o see_v you_o sit_v still_o must_v i_o believe_v there_o be_v no_o motion_n in_o your_o part_n within_o when_o there_o be_v so_o many_o argument_n to_o convince_v i_o there_o be_v a._n what_o argument_n have_v you_o to_o convince_v i_o that_o there_o be_v motion_n in_o a_o cross-bow_n when_o it_o stand_v bend_v b._n if_o you_o cut_v the_o string_n or_o any_o way_n set_v the_o bow_n at_o liberty_n it_o will_v have_v then_o a_o very_a visible_a motion_n what_o
in_o piece_n a._n it_o be_v like_a enough_o to_o be_v so_o and_o if_o nature_n have_v betray_v herself_o in_o any_o thing_n i_o think_v it_o be_v in_o this_o and_o in_o that_o other_o experience_n of_o the_o cross-bow_n which_o strong_o and_o evident_o demonstrate_v the_o internal_a reciprocation_n of_o the_o motion_n which_o you_o suppose_v to_o be_v in_o the_o internal_a part_n of_o every_o hard_a body_n and_o i_o have_v observe_v somewhat_o in_o looking-glass_n which_o much_o confirm_v that_o there_o be_v some_o such_o motion_n in_o the_o internal_a part_n of_o glass_n as_o you_o have_v suppose_v for_o the_o cause_n of_o hardness_n for_o let_v the_o glass_n be_v ab_fw-la and_o let_v the_o object_n at_o c_o be_v a_o candle_n and_o the_o eye_n at_o d._n now_o by_o divers_a reflection_n and_o refraction_n in_o the_o two_o superficies_n of_o the_o glass_n if_o the_o line_n of_o vision_n be_v very_o oblique_a you_o shall_v see_v many_o image_n of_o the_o candle_n as_o e_o f_o g_o in_o such_o order_n and_o position_n as_o be_v here_o describe_v but_o if_o you_o remove_v your_o eye_n to_o c_o and_o the_o candle_n to_o d_o they_o will_v appear_v in_o a_o situation_n manifest_o different_a from_o this_o which_o you_o will_v yet_o more_o plain_o perceive_v if_o the_o looking-glass_n be_v colour_v as_o i_o have_v observe_v in_o red_a and_o blue_a glass_n and_o can_v never_o conceive_v any_o probable_a cause_n of_o it_o till_o now_o you_o tell_v i_o of_o this_o secret_a motion_n of_o the_o part_n across_o the_o grain_n of_o the_o glass_n acquire_v by_o cool_v it_o this_o or_o that_o way_n b._n there_o be_v very_o many_o kind_n of_o hard_a body_n metal_n stone_n and_o other_o kind_n in_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n that_o have_v be_v there_o ever_o sense_n the_o begin_n of_o the_o world_n and_o i_o believe_v also_o many_o different_a sort_n of_o juice_n that_o may_v be_v make_v hard_a but_o for_o one_o general_a cause_n of_o hardness_n it_o can_v be_v no_o other_o than_o such_o a_o internal_a motion_n of_o part_n as_o i_o have_v already_o describe_v whatsoever_o may_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o several_a concomitant_a quality_n of_o their_o hardness_n in_o particular_a a._n we_o see_v water_n harden_a every_o frosty_a day_n it_o be_v likely_a therefore_o you_o may_v give_v a_o pribable_a cause_n of_o ice_n what_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o freeze_a of_o the_o ocean_n towards_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o earth_n b._n you_o know_v the_o sun_n be_v always_o between_o the_o tropic_n and_o as_o we_o have_v suppose_v always_o cast_v off_o the_o air_n and_o the_o earth_n likewise_o cast_v it_o off_o from_o its_o self_n there_o must_v needs_o on_o both_o side_n be_v a_o great_a stream_n of_o air_n towards_o the_o pole_n shave_v the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o sea_n in_o the_o northern_a and_o southern_a climate_n this_o shave_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o sea_n by_o the_o stream_n of_o air_n must_v needs_o contract_v and_o make_v to_o shrink_v those_o little_a circle_n of_o the_o internal_a part_n of_o earth_n and_o water_n and_o consequent_o harden_n they_o first_o at_o the_o superficies_n into_o a_o thin_a skin_n which_o be_v the_o first_o ice_n and_o afterward_o the_o same_o motion_n continue_v and_o the_o first_o ice_n cooperate_a the_o ice_n become_v thick_a and_o this_o i_o conceive_v to_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o freeze_a of_o the_o ocean_n a._n if_o that_o be_v the_o cause_n i_o need_v not_o ask_v how_o a_o bottle_n of_o water_n be_v make_v to_o frieze_n in_o warm_a weather_n with_o snow_n or_o ice_n mingle_v with_o salt_n for_o when_o the_o bottle_n be_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o the_o wind_n that_o go_v out_o both_o of_o the_o salt_n and_o of_o the_o ice_n as_o they_o dissolve_v must_v needs_o shave_v the_o superficies_n of_o the_o bottle_n and_o the_o bottle_n work_v according_o on_o the_o water_n without_o it_o and_o so_o give_v it_o first_o a_o thin_a skin_n and_o at_o last_o thicken_v it_o into_o a_o solid_a piece_n of_o ice_n but_o how_o come_v it_o to_o pass_v that_o water_n do_v not_o use_v to_o frieze_n in_o a_o deep_a pit_n b._n a_o deep_a pit_n be_v a_o very_a thick_a bottle_n and_o such_o as_o the_o air_n can_v come_v at_o but_o only_o at_o the_o top_n or_o where_o the_o earth_n be_v very_o loose_a and_o spongy_a a._n why_o will_v not_o wine_n freeze_v as_o well_o as_o water_n b._n so_o it_o will_v when_o the_o frost_n be_v great_a enough_o but_o the_o internal_a motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o wine_n and_o other_o heat_n liquor_n be_v in_o great_a circle_n and_o strong_a than_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o water_n and_o therefore_o less_o easy_o to_o be_v freeze_v especal_o quite_o through_o because_o those_o part_n that_o have_v the_o strong_a motion_n retire_v to_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o vessel_n chap._n vi_o problem_n of_o rain_n wind_n and_o other_o wether_n a._n what_o be_v the_o original_a cause_n of_o rain_n and_o how_o be_v it_o generate_v b._n the_o motion_n of_o the_o air_n such_o as_o i_o have_v describe_v to_o you_o already_o tend_v to_o the_o dis-union_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o air_n must_v needs_o cause_v a_o continual_a endeavour_n there_o be_v no_o possibility_n of_o vacuum_n of_o whatsoever_o fluid_a part_n there_o be_v upon_o the_o face_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o sea_n to_o supply_v the_o place_n which_o will_v else_o be_v empty_a this_o make_v the_o water_n and_o also_o very_o small_a and_o loose_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o sea_n to_o rise_v and_o mingle_v themselves_o with_o the_o air_n and_o to_o become_v miss_v and_o cloud_n of_o which_o the_o great_a quantity_n arise_v there_o where_o there_o be_v most_o water_n namely_o from_o the_o large_a part_n of_o the_o ocean_n which_o be_v the_o south_n sea_n the_o indian_a sea_n and_o the_o sea_n that_o divide_v europe_n and_o africa_n from_o america_n over_o which_o the_o sun_n for_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o year_n be_v perpendicular_a and_o consequent_o raise_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o water_n which_o afterward_o gather_v into_o cloud_n fall_v down_o in_o rain_n a._n if_o the_o sun_n can_v thus_o draw_v up_o the_o water_n though_o but_o in_o small_a drop_n why_o can_v it_o not_o as_o easy_o hold_v it_o up_o b._n it_o be_v likely_a it_o will_v also_o hold_v they_o up_o if_o they_o do_v not_o grow_v great_a by_o meet_v together_o nor_o be_v carry_v away_o by_o the_o air_n towards_o the_o pole_n a._n what_o make_v they_o gather_v together_o b._n it_o be_v not_o improbable_a that_o they_o be_v carry_v against_o hill_n and_o there_o stop_v till_o more_o overtake_v they_o and_o when_o they_o be_v carry_v towards_o the_o north_n or_o south_n where_o the_o force_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v more_o oblique_a and_o thereby_o weak_a they_o descend_v gentle_o by_o their_o own_o weight_n and_o because_o they_o tend_v all_o to_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n they_o must_v needs_o be_v unite_v in_o their_o way_n for_o want_v of_o room_n and_o so_o grow_v big_a and_o then_o it_o ra_n a._n what_o be_v the_o reason_n it_o rain_n so_o seldom_o but_o snow_n so_o often_o upon_o very_o high_a mountain_n b._n because_o perhaps_o when_o the_o water_n be_v draw_v up_o high_a than_o the_o high_a mountain_n where_o the_o course_n of_o the_o air_n between_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o the_o pole_n be_v free_a from_o stop_v the_o stream_n of_o the_o air_n freeze_v it_o into_o snow_n and_o it_o be_v in_o those_o place_n only_o where_o the_o hill_n shelter_v it_o from_o that_o stream_n that_o it_o fall_v in_o rain_n a._n why_o be_v there_o so_o little_a rain_n in_o egypt_n and_o yet_o so_o much_o in_o other_o part_n near_o the_o aequinoctial_a as_o to_o make_v the_o nile_n overflow_v the_o country_n b._n the_o cause_n of_o the_o fall_n of_o rain_n i_o tell_v you_o be_v the_o the_o stop_n and_o consequent_o the_o collection_n of_o cloud_n about_o great_a mountain_n especial_o when_o the_o sun_n be_v near_o the_o aequinoctial_a and_o thereby_o draw_v up_o the_o water_n more_o potent_o and_o from_o great_a sea_n if_o you_o consider_v therefore_o that_o the_o mountain_n in_o which_o be_v the_o spring_n of_o nile_n lie_v near_o the_o aequinoctial_a and_o be_v exceed_o great_a and_o near_o the_o indian_a sea_n you_o will_v not_o think_v it_o strange_a there_o shall_v be_v great_a store_n of_o snow_n this_o as_o it_o melt_v make_v the_o rain_n of_o nile_n to_o rise_v which_o in_o april_n and_o may_n go_v on_o towards_o egypt_n arrive_v there_o about_o the_o time_n of_o the_o solstice_n and_o overflow_v the_o country_n a._n why_o shall_v not_o the_o nile_n then_o overflow_v that_o country_n twice_o a_o year_n for_o it_o come_v twice_o
for_o example_n let_v the_o wall_n be_v ab_fw-la a_o point_n give_v e_z a_o gun_n ce_fw-fr that_o carry_v the_o bullet_n perpendicular_o to_o f_o and_o another_o gun_n de_fw-fr that_o carry_v the_o like_a bullet_n with_o the_o same_o swiftness_n oblique_a to_o g_z in_o what_o proportion_n will_v their_o force_n be_v upon_o the_o wall_n b._n the_o force_n of_o the_o stroke_n perpendicular_a from_o e_z to_o f_o will_v be_v great_a than_o the_o oblique_a force_n from_o e_z to_z g_z in_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o line_n eglantine_n to_o the_o line_n ef._n a._n how_o can_v the_o difference_n be_v so_o much_o can_v the_o bullet_n lose_v so_o much_o of_o its_o force_n in_o the_o way_n from_o e_z to_z g_z b._n no_o we_o will_v suppose_v it_o lose_v nothing_o of_o its_o swiftness_n but_o the_o cause_n be_v that_o their_o swiftness_n be_v equal_a the_o one_o be_v long_a in_o come_v to_o the_o wall_n than_o the_o other_o in_o proportion_n of_o time_n as_o eglantine_n to_o ef._n for_o though_o their_o swiftness_n be_v the_o same_o consider_v in_o themselves_o yet_o the_o swiftness_n of_o their_o approach_n to_o the_o wall_n be_v great_a in_o of_o then_o in_o eglantine_n in_o proportion_n of_o the_o line_n themselves_o a._n when_o a_o bullet_n enter_v not_o but_o rebound_v from_o the_o wall_n do_v it_o make_v the_o same_o angle_n go_v off_o which_o it_o do_v fall_v on_o as_o the_o sunbeam_n do_v b._n if_o you_o measure_v the_o angle_n close_o by_o the_o wall_n there_o difference_n will_v not_o be_v ensible_a otherwise_o it_o will_v be_v great_a enough_o for_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o bullet_n grow_v continual_o weak_a but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o with_o the_o sunbeam_n which_o press_v continual_o and_o equal_o a._n what_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o reflection_n when_o a_o body_n can_v go_v no_o further_o on_o it_o have_v lose_v its_o motion_n whence_o then_o come_v the_o motion_n by_o which_o it_o rebound_v b._n this_o motion_n of_o rebound_v or_o reflect_v proceed_v from_o the_o resistance_n there_o be_v a_o difference_n to_o be_v consider_v between_o the_o reflection_n of_o light_n and_o of_o a_o bullet_n answerable_a to_o their_o different_a motion_n press_v and_o strike_v for_o the_o action_n which_o make_v reflection_n of_o light_n be_v the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n upon_o the_o reflect_v body_n cause_v by_o the_o sun_n or_o other_o shine_a body_n and_o be_v but_o a_o contrary_a endeavour_n as_o if_o two_o man_n shall_v press_v with_o their_o breast_n upon_o the_o two_o end_n of_o a_o staff_n though_o they_o do_v not_o remove_v one_o another_o yet_o they_o will_v find_v in_o themselves_o a_o great_a disposition_n to_o press_v backward_o upon_o whatsoever_o be_v behind_o they_o though_o not_o a_o total_a go_v out_o of_o their_o place_n such_o be_v the_o way_n of_o reflect_v light_n now_o when_o the_o fall_n on_o of_o the_o sunbeam_n be_v oblique_a the_o action_n of_o they_o be_v nevertheless_o perpendicular_a to_o the_o superficies_n it_o fall_v on_o and_o therefore_o the_o reflect_v body_n by_o resist_v turn_v back_o that_o motion_n perpendicular_o as_o from_o f_o to_o e_z but_o take_v nothing_o from_o the_o force_n that_o go_v on_o parallel_n in_o the_o line_n of_o eh_n because_o the_o motion_n never_o press_v and_o thus_o of_o the_o two_o motion_n from_o f_o to_o e_z and_o from_o e_z to_o h_n be_v a_o compound_a motion_n in_o the_o line_n fh_v which_o make_v a_o angle_n in_o bg_n equal_a to_o the_o angle_n fge_n but_o in_o percussion_n which_o be_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o bullet_n against_o a_o wall_n the_o bullet_n no_o soon_o go_v off_o then_o it_o lose_v of_o its_o swiftness_n and_o incline_v to_o the_o earth_n by_o its_o weight_n so_o that_o the_o angle_n make_v in_o fall_v on_o and_o go_v off_o can_v be_v equal_a unless_o they_o be_v measure_v close_o to_o the_o point_n where_o the_o stroke_n be_v make_v a._n if_o a_o man_n set_v a_o board_n upright_o upon_o its_o edge_n though_o it_o may_v very_o easy_o be_v cast_v down_o with_o a_o little_a pressure_n of_o one_o finger_n yet_o a_o bullet_n from_o a_o musket_n shall_v not_o throw_v it_o down_o but_o go_v through_o it_o what_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o that_o b._n in_o press_v with_o your_o finger_n you_o spend_v time_n to_o throw_v it_o down_o for_o the_o motion_n you_o give_v to_o the_o part_n you_o touch_n be_v communicate_v to_o every_o other_o part_n before_o it_o fall_v for_o the_o whole_a can_v fall_v till_o every_o part_n be_v move_v but_o the_o stroke_n of_o a_o bullet_n be_v so_o swift_a as_o it_o break_v through_o before_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n it_o hit_v can_v be_v communicate_v to_o all_o the_o other_o part_n that_o must_v fall_v with_o it_o a._n the_o stroke_n of_o a_o hammer_n will_v drive_v a_o nail_n a_o great_a way_n into_o a_o piece_n of_o wood_n on_o a_o sudden_a what_o weight_n lay_v upon_o the_o head_n of_o a_o nail_n and_o in_o how_o much_o time_n will_v do_v the_o same_o it_o be_v a_o question_n i_o have_v hear_v propound_v among_o naturalist_n b._n the_o different_a manner_n of_o the_o operation_n of_o weight_n from_o the_o operation_n of_o a_o stroke_n make_v it_o uncalculable_a the_o suddenness_n of_o the_o stroke_n upon_o one_o point_n of_o the_o wood_n take_v away_o the_o time_n of_o resistance_n from_o the_o rest_n therefore_o the_o nail_n enter_v so_o far_o as_o it_o do_v but_o the_o weight_n not_o only_o give_v they_o time_n but_o also_o augment_v the_o resistance_n but_o how_o much_o and_o in_o how_o much_o time_n be_v i_o think_v impossible_a to_o determine_v a._n what_o be_v the_o difference_n between_o reflection_n and_o recoil_n b._n any_o reflection_n may_v and_o not_o unproper_o be_v call_v recoil_v but_o not_o contrariwise_o every_o recoil_v reflection_n reflection_n be_v always_o make_v by_o the_o re-action_n of_o a_o body_n press_v or_o strike_v but_o recoil_v not_o always_o the_o recoil_n of_o a_o gun_n be_v not_o cause_v by_o its_o own_o press_v upon_o the_o gunpowder_n but_o by_o the_o force_n of_o the_o powder_n itself_o inflame_v and_o move_v every_o way_n alike_o a._n i_o have_v think_v it_o have_v be_v by_o the_o sudden_a re-enter_v of_o the_o air_n after_o the_o flame_n and_o bullet_n be_v go_v out_o for_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o so_o much_o room_n as_o be_v leave_v empty_a by_o the_o discharge_n of_o the_o gun_n shall_v be_v so_o sudden_o fill_v with_o the_o air_n that_o enter_v at_o the_o touchhole_n b._n the_o flame_n be_v nothing_o but_o the_o powder_n itself_o which_o scatter_v into_o its_o small_a part_n seem_v of_o great_a bulk_n by_o much_o then_o in_o truth_n it_o be_v because_o they_o shine_v and_o as_o the_o part_n scatter_v more_o and_o more_o so_o still_o more_o air_n get_v between_o they_o enter_v not_o only_a at_o the_o touchhole_n but_o also_o at_o the_o mouh_o of_o the_o gun_n which_o two_o way_n be_v opposite_a it_o will_v be_v much_o too_o weak_a to_o make_v the_o gun_n recoil_v a._n i_o have_v hear_v that_o a_o great_a gun_n charge_v too_o much_o or_o too_o little_a will_v shoot_v not_o above_o nor_o below_o but_o beside_o the_o mark_n and_o charge_v with_o one_o certain_a charge_n between_o both_o will_v hit_v it_o b._n how_o that_o shall_v be_v i_o can_v imagine_v for_o when_o all_o thing_n in_o the_o cause_n be_v equal_a the_o effect_n can_v be_v unnequal_a as_o soon_o as_o fire_n be_v give_v and_o before_o the_o bullet_n be_v out_o the_o gun_n begin_v to_o recoil_v if_o then_o there_o be_v any_o unevenness_n or_o rub_n in_o the_o ground_n more_o on_o one_o side_n then_o on_o the_o other_o it_o shall_v shoot_v beside_o the_o mark_n whether_o too_o much_o or_o too_o little_a or_o just_o charge_v because_o if_o the_o line_n wherein_o the_o gun_n recoil_v decline_v the_o way_n of_o the_o bullet_n will_v also_o decline_v to_o the_o contrary_a side_n of_o the_o mark_n therefore_o i_o can_v imagine_v no_o cause_n of_o this_o event_n but_o either_o in_o the_o ground_n it_o recoil_v on_o or_o in_o the_o unequal_a weight_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o breech_n a._n how_o come_v refractin_n b._n when_o the_o action_n be_v in_o a_o line_n perpendicular_a to_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o body_n wrought_v upon_o there_o will_v be_v no_o refraction_n at_o all_o the_o action_n will_v proceed_v still_o in_o the_o same_o straight_a line_n whether_o it_o be_v pression_n as_o in_o light_n or_o in_o percussion_n as_o in_o the_o shoot_n of_o a_o bullet_n but_o when_o the_o pression_n be_v oblique_a then_o will_v the_o refraction_n be_v that_o way_n which_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o body_n through_o which_o the_o action_n proceed_v shall_v determine_v h._n how_o be_v light_n refract_v b._n if_o it_o