pain of Deprivation is more than I can prove neither will I judg conscientious Nonconformists who meekly dissent 8. Again the Nonconforming Brethren scruple Subscription to the 35th Article of the Church of England touching Homilies which Article stands upon two Points First that the two Books of Homilies contain a godly and wholsom and necessary Doctrine Secondly that therefore they judg them to be read in Churches by the Ministers diligently and distinctly The former Point I cannot think the Nonconforming Brethren who have read the Homilies will deny The Article doth not say that there is nothing in any of the Homilies savouring of humane Weakness and Imperfection for the main they may and do contain a godly wholsom and necessary Doctrine though there may perhaps be in them some tolerable Defects as is incident to most good Books not divinely inspired and even to the best Translation of the holy Scriptures Touching the latter Point the Nonconforming Brethren by their Subscription to the 6th Article must needs own and allow that the Apocrypha-Books as Hierom saith the Church doth read for Example of Life and Instruction of Manners but yet doth it not apply to stablish any Doctrine This plainly intimates that they are not against all reading of other Books than the Bible in the Church due distinction being put between the one and the other Neither will they condemn but rather approve the French Protestant Churches heretofore who in the want of daily Pastors did in many Places use to read both privately and publickly Mr. Calvin's Sermons upon Job as Mr. Beza in his Preface to them doth relate And we may well think that this and no other was the Intention of the Composers of this Article and of the Homilies as thinking it better in the want of Pastors qualified with ministerial Gifts and Ability to compose edifying Sermons-daily and continually of their own that the People have sound and godly Sermons of others composing read to them in publick than be without all publick Instruction This Sense will well stand with the Words of the Article and it is agreeable to the Opinion both of Conforming and Nonconforming Brethren And therefore as to this also I may well conclude that there is no difference between the two Parties 9. There is but one more Article unsubscribed by the Nonconforming Brethren and that is the 36th concerning the Book of Ordination Touching which if the Episcopal Brethren will own the Nonconforming Brethren ordained by Presbyters without a Bishop to be true Ministers of Christ and their Ordination to be valid and will cordially embrace them as Brethren and Fellow-Ministers as in Conscience they are bound all other Matters will either be accorded or what cannot be fully accorded may be tolerated with mutual Brotherly Love to each other according to that Apostolical Canon Let us therefore as many as be perfect be thus minded and if in any thing ye be otherwise minded God shall reveal even this unto you Nevertheless whereto we have already attained let us walk by the same Rule let us mind the same thing Phil. 3.15 16. But if the Episcopal Brethren shall judg the Nonconforming Ministers ordained by Presbyters without a Bishop to be no Ministers of Christ and their Ordination to be null and their Baptism Preaching dispensing the Lord's Supper and all other their Ministerial Acts to be meer Nullities then there is no hope of Accord nor of Toleration with mutual Brotherly Love a Schism there is and like to be Concerning which I will set down a Passage which I find related by Mr. Clark in the Life of that eminent Nonconforming Minister Mr. Greenham On a time the Bishop of Eli sent for him to appear about his Nonconformity at which time the Bishop told him that there was a great Schism in the Church asking him where the Blame was to be laid whether upon the Conformists or Nonconformists To which he readily answered that it might lie on either side or on neither side For said he if they loved one another as they ought and would do all good Offices each for other thereby maintaining Love and Concord it lay on neither side otherwise which Party soever makes the Rent the Schism lies upon their score The Bishop was so pleased with this Answer that he dismissed him in peace 10. They who repute Men ordained by Presbyters without a Bishop to be no Ministers and their Ministerial Acts to be Nullities are not regular Sons of God's Church in England but a Sect Combination and Party of Men in it who are tainted and defiled with an uncharitable Principle contrary to one Article of the Christian Faith The Holy Catholick Church the Communion of Saints For God's Church in England doth own and embrace the Protestant Ministers in Holland France Helvetia and Geneva ordained by Presbyters without a Bishop to be true Ministers of Christ and the Churches guided by them to be true Churches This hath been the constant Doctrine of God's Church in England all along from the beginning of the Reformation to this day And unless we so hold we yield the Cause to the Papists and overthrow the Protestant Cause The Papists ask Where was our Church before Luther To which the Answer hath been often made That wheresoever upon Earth God had a People believing in the Father the Son and the Holy Ghost retaining Baptism and the Lord's Supper for Substance sound and good and living righteously soberly and godly there was our Church We are sure from God's Word and the sound Belief of all Christian People that such a Church God had upon Earth before Luther and will have to the End of the World We do not derive our Church and our Ministry from Rome and the Roman Papacy but from Christ and the holy Scriptures and the Evangelical Covenant by the Tenour whereof upon our sincere Repentance and Incorporation into Christ by lively Faith all things become ours whether Paul or Apollos or Cephas or the World or Life or Death or things present or things to come all are ours 1 Cor. 3.21 22. And consequently whatsoever is true just good any way useful to God and Christ Jesus and the Souls of Men among Papists Jews Turks and Heathens that becomes ours for spiritual Uses to our Souls In leaving the Papacy we have not left Christ and his Church but we have left Idolatry false Worship Superstition and the Way of Damnation and are become a found part of and joined to that holy Catholick Church which is the Mystical Body of Christ the blessed Company of all faithful People built upon the Foundation of the Prophets and Apostles Jesus Christ himself being the chief Corner-Stone Upon this Divine Foundation all the Protestant Churches stand and they who deny Ordination by Presbyters without a Bishop to be valid must will they nill they fall in with the Principles of the Papists against the whole Reformation because the Cause is common 11. The Ministry of the Nonconforming
for Ecclesiastical Rule Authority and Jurisdiction over one another all Affectation Claim and Exercise of Imperial Power over one another for they were all equal in Office Brethren in the Ministry Fellow-Apostles no one was Pope and Monarch over the rest neither might be 11. If Bishops were Spiritual Lords in respect of inward spiritual Worth and Goodness then they would be Spiritual Lords while they are but Presbyters and before they are made Bishops For first they are Presbyters which the Advocates for Prelacy suppose to be an Order or Degree in the Ministry inferiour to a Bishop Now it is plain that what inward spiritual Worth and Goodness is in the new-made Bishop it was in him before he was Bishop even whilst he was a Presbyter But no one did repute him a Spiritual Lord while he was but a Presbyter though he was a good and worthy Man His assuming of the Episcopal Office adds no inward spiritual Worth and Goodness to his Soul it being but a thing common to worthy and unworthy Men. Mr. Prideaux in his Introduction for reading all sorts of Histories pag. 67. divides the Bishops of Rome into seven Ranks 32 good Bishops 33 tolerable Archbishops or Patriarchs 38 usurping Nimrods 40 luxurious Sodomites 40 Egyptian Magicians 41 devouring Abaddons and 20 incurable Babylonians 12. It is then plain that Lord-Bishops are so by Humane Law and not by Divine Law they are made by Man and not by God their Office Power and Authority as they are Lord-Bishops is Humane and not Divine I say not that it is unlawful but that it is not Divine many things are lawful which yet are not Divine as the Offices of Constables Head-Constables Sheriffs Mayors Lord-Chancellors and Keepers of the Great Seal are all lawful and yet they are not Divine and Evangelical but Humane and Civil 13. Lord-Bishops being but Civil and Temporal Lords of Man's making their Courts cannot be Spiritual Courts but only Civil and Temporal By Permission of the King and Parliament they hold their Courts not expresly in the King's Name but in their own Name Yet are they nevertheless but Civil and Temporal Courts deriving their Authority from and dependent on the King and Parliament which under God are the highest Judicature in this Nation from whom there lies no Appeal save to God But there lies an Appeal from the highest Ecclesiastical Court in the Nation to the King and Parliament The contrary Doctrine brings in foreign Jurisdiction and sets up the Papacy and is destructive both of Church and State 14. Many of the Nobility and Gentry of England and others of the Laity hold Courts not expresly in the King's Name but in their own Name And yet no one doubts but that they are Civil and Temporal Courts derived from and dependent on the Crown and there lies an Appeal from them to a superiour Civil Court 15. True it is that in the first Ages of the Church after Christ's Ascension the Holy Ghost by Paul reproves the Christians at Corinth for going to Law with one another before the Heathen Judges about worldly and secular Matters there being then no Christian Magistracy I speak to your Shame Is it so that there is not a wise Man amongst you 1 Cor. 6 5â— no not one that shall be able to judg between his Brethren Upon which it is like the Christians from thenceforth did desist from going to Law with one another before the Heathen Judges about small Matters pertaining to this Life and chose some judicious and understanding Christian as an Umpire or Arbitrator for the ending and deciding of their litigious Causes about worldly Matters which continuing for some hundreds of Years unto the Reign of Constantine the first Christian Emperor it is very likely that he by his Imperial Sanction confirmed the aforesaid Apostolical Decree and the Way of the Primitive Churches ending and deciding their Suits about secular Matters pursuant to and grounded on the same and did enlarge and add to it and so made it an Ecclesiastical Court and called it the Bishops Court and the Judg thereof the Bishops Chancellor or the Chancellor of the Ecclesiastical Court But before this Sanction by the Emperor it was no Ecclesiastical Court neither had it any Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction it was only a prudential Institution without all external Jurisdiction 16. The King of England is by God's Grace a Christian King Being so he must needs be a Christian and as such he is a Member of God's Church in England in common with all other Christian People therein and he is no more he is not Head thereof for only Christ is Head of God's Church in England like as he is sole Head of the whole Church on Earth it being a Contradiction to be sole Head of the whole and not of every Part. Considered as a King so he hath no more Power and Jurisdiction over the Church and its Causes than he would have if he were a Heathen King his being a Christian doth not inlarge and add to his Regal Power but only qualify him supposing him truly godly with Grace and spiritual Wisdom to use his Regal Power aright for God which a Heathen King cannot 17. The King is sole Supream under God and Christ the Mediator over all the Souls in the Nation as to coercive Rule by the Sword yet is he limited by fundamental Laws whereby the Rights of Prince and People mutually consist and which he is bound inviolably to observe But all his Power is only Civil and Temporal and not Spiritual and therefore he can grant no Spiritual Jurisdiction he can create no Spiritual Office For no Effect can exced its Cause neither can the Streams differ in kind from the Water in the Fountain 18. The King and Parliament will meekly and reverently hear a common Presbyter or Minister preach the Gospel and be awed by the Word in his Mouth as the Word of God and not the Word of Man though Man be the Preacher and they will reverently own and submit to Baptism and the Lord's Supper dispensed by him as Divine and not Humane Institutions Convincing Evidence will go along with the Preacher's Word being scriptural sound good and faithful whereby it will evidence it self to be Divine and from above to all such as believe it will to them be the Savour of Life unto Life and the rest who do not believe yet will stand condemned by it and it may be with Felix tremble under it as being through their own Sin the Savour of Death unto Death to them Here it is plain Jesus Christ as sole Lord of the Conscience doth by the Ministry of a weak Man a coâ—â—â—â— Presbyter exercise Spiritual Lordship and Jurisdiction over the King and all the Lords and Commons inwardly in each one's Bosom over such as are good willingly and in Love over such as are wicked against their Will for if wicked ones might have their Will they would all be above God and lord over him at
AN ENDEAVOUR AFTER Further Vnion BETWEEN CONFORMING NONCONFORMING PROTESTANTS In several Particulars By a Minister of the Church of England Printed in the Year MDCXCII An Endeavour after further Vnion between Conforming and Nonconforming Protestants 1. THE Nonconforming Brethren scruple subscribing this Clause in the 20th Article of the Church of England The Church hath Power to decree Rites or Ceremonies and Authority in Controversies of Faith I conceive that here is nothing dissonant from the Principles and Practice of the Nonconforming Brethren themselves The foresaid Clause hath two Parts one supposeth that the Church hath Power to decree Rites or Ceremonies the other supposeth that the Church hath Authority in Controversies of Faith I begin with this latter first By the Church I understand the Society of Faithful People in Christ Jesus the Body of Christ This Society must needs have Ministerial Authority in Controversies of Faith as is plain from 1 Cor. 2.15 But he that is spiritual judgeth all things yet he himself is judged of no Man Now the Church is a Spiritual Society consisting of Men endued with the Spirit of Christ whereby they are capable of discerning spiritual things spiritually and consequently of discenning judging and deciding each Man for his own Soul what is of Faith and what is not of Faith This Reason is plainly hinted in the following Verse in these Words We have the Mind of Christ that is we who are godly in Christ Jesus have spiritual Understanding in the things of Christ we know his Voice and follow him and turn from the Voice of Strangers Beloved believe not every Spirit but try the Spirits whether they are of God because many false Prophets are gone out into the World 1 John 4.1 Now the Church is Christ's Beloved and here she is commanded not to believe every Spirit but to try the Spirits whether they are of God because many false Prophets are gone out into the World But she may not presume to try the Spirits if she have no Authority to try them and she cannot have Authority to try the Spirits and to discern between the Voice of Christ and the Voice of Antichrist but she must needs have Authority in Controversies of Faith Do not the Nonconforming Brethren reject Socinianism Arianism Pelagianism the Popish Mass and other the like Heresies and Delusions By what Authority do they reject them and embrace the contrary Truths and oblige all their Flocks so â—o do if really the Church hath no Authority in Controversies of Fâ—â—â—h It is then plain from their own Principles and Practice that they do well allow the Church to have Authority in Controversies of Faith that is Ministerial Authority dependent on and subject to Christ her Head which is the plain meaning of the Article as is manifest from the whole Tenour thereof and the rest of the Articles subscribed by the Nonconformist Brethren themselves 2. Then for the other Branch That the Church hath Power to decree Rites or Ceremonies that is decent and useful Rites or Ceremonies circa Sacra about holy Things That there are such the Nonconformists will not deny I instance in the taking of an Oath this is a Sacred Thing a Religious Act and a part of God's Worship pertaining to Natural Religion common to us and Heathens unalterably fixed by God as touching the Substance thereof but not as touching the external Form and Manner of taking it here is a Latitude left by God And there may be innocent Variety divers Countries may have divers Fashions and the same godly Man and Church of God may see cause to vary the Rite and Solemnity of Swearing As Abraham Gen. 14.22 swore with his Hand lifted up unto the Lord the most high God At another time he made his Servant swear with his Hand put under the Thigh of Abraham his Master Gen. 24. Those who in the late Times in these Nations took the solemn League and Covenant swore with their right Hand lift up to Heaven But now both Conforming and Nonconforming Protestants generally in England and Ireland and as I suppose in Scotland also swear with their right Hand laid upon the Bible as a Rite or Ceremony not unlawful Again it is well known that the French Protestant Ministers do use to preach with their Hats on but the Protestant Ministers in England Scotland and Ireland not to name other foreign Churches do use to preach with their Hats off Now Preaching the Gospel is a sacred Thing a religious Act as all agree and the Nonconformists will not deny but that for Substance it is unalterably fixed by God but whether with the Hat on or off is not precisely determined by him Here there may be innocent Variety it is clearly a Rite or Ceremony about a religious Act one Church hath this Rite or Ceremony another Church hath another Rite or Ceremony quite contrary and yet both Ways lawful before God in the Judgment of the Nonconformist Brethren themselves For in things of this nature Custom creates a Law otherwise the Apostle had argued very weakly But if any Man seem to be contentious we have no such Custom neither the Churches of God 1 Cor. 11.16 3. Again giving notice to the People by the ringing or tolling of a Bell at what time to assemble for God's publick Worship as also the testifying of our Joy and Thankfulness to God on a 5th of November by ringing of Bells and by Bonfires and on the like extraordinary Days of Thanksgiving are clearly Rites or Ceremonies circa Sacra about holy Things no where prescribed by God and yet held lawful and useful by the Nonconformist Brethren themselves And therefore they must needs own that the Church hath Power to decree innocent useful and decent Rites or Ceremonies circa Sacra about holy Things there being clearly some such Ceremonies or Rites in use among all the Churches of Christ approved by the Nonconformist Brethren no where ordained by God it being sufficient as to things of this nature that they are no where forbidden by God and being established by general Usage and Custom of the Church where we live that is equivalent to a Decree and proves that the Church hath Power from Christ to begin and introduce such laudable and useful Rites and Ceremonies as to continue the Use and Observation thereof Nee Disciplina ulla est in his melior gravi prudentique Christiano quà m ut eo modo agat quo agere viderit Ecclesiam ad quamcunque forte devenerit Quod enim neque contra fidem neque contra bonos more 's injungitur indifferenter est habendum pro eorum inter quos vivitur Societate servandum est August Epist 118. ad Jan. 4. It being thus plain that the Church hath Power to decree Rites or Ceremonies and that these may not be the same in all places then not only this part of the 20th Article of the Church of England but also the whole 34th Article as being for substance the same