of Ostend 340. his successe there 342 Vendosme taken by the English 24 Verdune heretofore belonging to the Empire of Germany 36 Veruins the Treaty there 208 Saint Victors in Paris 23 Vigo a Towne fired by the English 16 Villa-Franca taken by tâ—e English 185 Villars Gouernour of Roan challenged to a single combate by the Earle of Essex 69 Vitruvius his obseruation about diseases in Armies 17 Vmpton the Queenes Leaguer in France 127. he dyeth there 171 Vniuersity founded by the Queene at Dublin 62 W WAlton bringeth in euidence against Sir Iohn Perot 68 Wallop Treasurer of the Army in Ireland 142 Walsingham a hinderer of Caermardine in the businesse of the Custome-House 31. he dyeth 37 Warwicke dieth 37 Weston a Priest alias Burgesse 4 Wentworth Lord Wentworth dyeth 40. another Lord Wentworth dyeth 92 Willoughby sent ouer into France with Forces to aide the King 23. sometimes Gouernour of Normandy 24 Wilford one of the Colonels of the English in France 23 Wingfield Gouernour of Geertrudenbergh 11. hee assaults the base Towne at Groine 12. dyeth 108 Wilkes sent Embassadour into France 86. he dieth in France 203 Westmerland a factious Earle 42 Wiginton a Minister one of Hackets confederates 49 Whitaker of Cambridge dyeth 140 Williams passeth ouer to Deepe with 600. English 45. his braue behauiour in France ibid. his challenge ibid. his commendations to the Queene 70 Wilmot made President of Corke 352 Williams sometimes Secretary to Sir Iohn Perot one of his chiefe accusers and informers 68 Williams a Traitour apprehended 105. executed 122 Wolley dâ—legated in the cause of Sir Iohn Perot 67 Worthington a fugitue Diuine 106 Whitfield Chancellour of Denmarke his Embasie into England 193. Delegated by the King to Embden 284 Wray Lord chiefe Iustice dyeth 76 Warham St. Leiger slayeth Mac-Guire 255 Walpole maketh Squire vndertake to poison the Queene 227. he is accused for it by Squire at his execution 228. he writeth a booke wherein he for sweares the matter ibid. Y YAxley A famous Commander in the battaile of New-port 281 Yorke sent ouer to the King of France 43 Yurie in France the Leaguers discomfited there 34 Yuecot in France the Leaguers there discomfited 76 Yorke a Traitour apprehended 105. he is executed 122 Z ZAnziber the place where Lancaster wintered 59 Zeile thither came Lancaster also ibid. Zelanders the Queene offended with them and wherefore 32 Zouch sâ—nt Embassadour into Scotland 96 Zutphen Fort recouered by Sir Francis Vere 168 FINIS AN APPENDIX CONTAINING ANIMADVERSIONS VPON SEVERALL PASSAGES CORRECTIONS OF sundry errours and Additions of some remarkable matters of the History neuer yet imprinted RObert Bruce a Priest Whether or no hee were a Priest is somewhat vncertain but which giues some probability to the matter certaine it is hee had his education vnder the Iesuites beyond Sea and the occasion of his comming to Scotland was in this wise Philip King of Spaine presently after the death of Mary Queene of Scots in England willed the Duke of Parma the Gouernour of his Forces in the Low Countries in his name to promise to the King of Scots both money and munition good store if so be he would attempt the Queene of England and her Dominions to reuenge the death of his Mother the Queene of Scots The Duke of Parma to effectâ— this businesse sends ouer this Robert Bruce or Brusse a Scottish man by birth and of a Noble Family with great summes of monies the better to quicken his purposes It chanced that at the very same time by the appointment of Sixtus Quintus Bishop of Rome the Bishop of Dublin also was dispatched ouer thither to promise to the King of Scots the Infanta of Spaine in marriage if so be he would but change his Religion and turne Catholique But the Bishop by reason of the faithfull loyalty and industry of the Chancellour Metellan to whom the King owed the preseruation of himselfe and Kingdome from destruction being frustrated of his hopes returned home againe with little thankes for his labour Amongst those whom he retained at the time of his comming ouer was one William Creicton a Iesuite and a Scottish man too who had heretofore beene Rector of the College of the Iesuites at Leiden who seeing his Bishop come short of his expectation determined to stay behinde himselfe to see what hee could doe with some of his friends there The first whom euer he broke withall concerning his minde was this Robert Brusse whom he would faine haue perswaded to haue murthered the Chancellour of Scotland who as he said alone nullified and dispersed all their plots and machinations Brusse being startled with the horrour of so â—oule a deed absolutely denied to consent thereunto as a cruell and vnconscionable demand Afterwards the King and the Chancellour both being inuited to a Banquet by a Nobleman of Scotland but much addicted to the Romish Religion this same Creicton assailes Robert Brusse againe that if so be he himselfe would not doe the businesse he would giue him some of the Duke of Parma's money to giue to the Nobleman where the Banquet was to tempt him to the fact But Brusse also denied that alleaging that he had other businesse to doe there with the monies and also that if it should be done it would be a great scandall and disgrace to them and occasion of their greater feare After many other passages the Iesuite Creicton at last was very instant with the said Brusse if so be hee would haue no hand in the businesse to deliuer to him the fifteene hundred Crownes which hee receiued of the Duke of Parma to distribute amongst three of the Scottish Nobility that should vndertake and effect the businesse by which meanes all scandall and feare should be remooued from them as hauing nothing to doe in so foule a murther But Brusse was very loath also to condiscend euen to that esteeming it an equall â—inne to commit one or hire another to a murther Insomuch that at last after the death of the Duke of Parma He accused this Brusse for a Traitour because indeed hee would not commit treason whereupon poore Brusse was imprisoned for fourteene moneths and had much adoâ— aâ— last to regaine his liberty They that desire information in more particular circumstances may aduice with Lodouicus Lucius where they may haue the story at large in these words dilated on Rex Hispaniarum Philippus haud diiâ— post mortem Mariae Regiâ—â— Scotorum Duci Parmensi Gubernatori suo in Belgio mandâ—rat vt suo nomine Regi Iacobo Scotiae pecunias exercitum adversus Reginâ—m Angliae promittereâ— quo facilius Matris mortem ulciâ—ei possâ—â— â—â de causâ Parmensis Nobilem Scotum Robertum de Brusse qui â— iuventute apud Iesuit as educatus fuerat in Scotiam multa cum pecunia ablegauit Eodem tempore advenit etiam in Scotiam jussu Sixâ—i Quinâ—i Ponâ—â—â—ieis is Romani Dublini Episcopus qui Infantem Hispanicam Scotiae Regi in matrimonium offerret
and brother to the King of Spaine and was also the husband and head of the most Puissant Princesse Isabella Infanta eldest daughter to the Spaniard was well worthy to bee honoured by all Princes with the title of most Puissant The English answered that an Arch-Duke ought not to bee equalled in Honourable Titles with a King besides that hee was no otherway titled then Most Illustrious in the ancient treaties betweene Philip the Arch-Duke the father of Charles the fift and Henry the eight The Spaniards answered that it was no wonder if that title onely were giuen to him when the very same and no greater was also giuen to Henry the eight himselfe On the other side the English found these faults in their King that the forme of their subdelegation was wanting that it was much obscured by the intermingling of other Commissaries that it was sealed but with a Priuate Seale when the Queenes was sealed with the Broad Seale of England Lastly that this clause was wanting that the King should ratifie whatsoeuer was concluded vpon They answered that their formall subdelegation was comprehended in those words Par trattar y hazar trattar That there is no such name in Spaine as the Broad Seale and the Priuate but that this was their Kings owne hand-writing in the presence of the Secretary and signed with the publike Seale of the King and Kingdome and that lastly by these words Estar y passar y estare y passare all was Ratified Within some few dayes after the English desired that they should meet for as yet they had onely dealt with the Arch-Dukes Delegates by writing also demanding the prioritie of the place for the Queene the Spaniards being angry somewhat with that that the English should first challenge the first place as if in such affaires Le premier demaundeur estoit le vaincueuer They answered that it was newes for the Kings or Queenes of England to stand vpon the tearmes of Equalitie with the Catholike King but that it was vnheard of to speake of Prioritie The English answered that the Precedencie of the Kingdome of England was very well knowne to all the world and strengthened with good and sound reasons and that besides the Embassadour Resident for the Queene hauing a double power ought to be preferred before him that comes onely with the bare title of a Delegate Edmonds was very earnest and assured them that before hand hee had informed Richardot that the Queene would not lose her Prioritie and when hee vrged him to answere he indeed denied it not but said that he would answere him when they met together and that hee did not thinke that the Treatie should haue broke off for that matter After this there were inuitations on both sides to their priuate houses vnder the pretence of familiaritie and talke together but indeed to worke them out of the conceit of the Prioritie But this effect was well enough shunned on both sides although the Low-Countrey men had enough to doe to mollifie the Spaniards a little who would not endure to heare that the Catholike King should once acknowledge the Queene for his Equall for because that thereby he must necessarily acknowledge the French his Superiour being it is on all sides confessed that England yeelds prioritie to France The English still doe continue strong in their resolution defending their ancient priuiledges saying that the Spaniard hath no cause to bee angrie thereat For he that vseth onely his owne Right not a whit preiudices another mans and that there was no reason why the Spaniard should not acknowledge the Queene as his Equall since shee is as Absolute a Monarch as hee is and hath as ample if not more ample Iurisdiction in her Maiesties Kingdomes Afterwards Edmonds was sent ouer into England returned with these Instructions to their Demands If there bee any equalitie in the Prerogatiue of honour that is not deceitfull or preiudiciall to the Queene let it be admitted and that they should not so strictly stand vpon their first Instructions That the Peace should be perpetuall both to the partie now contracting as also the further Succession for euer That there would be no mention of Tâ—uces That traffiques and trading should be recalled to the state wherein it was in 1567. That there should be a Couenant made that no ships be stayed without the consent of that Prince whose subiects those ships are That they should no way admit of that the Spanish men of warre should come into any Hauens of the Queenes That if the traffique into Indie were denied they should not stand vpon it but passe it ouer as the French did at the Treatie of Cambray and at Veâ—uins and so euery man should venter thither on his owne perill for by admitting of any Restriction or Limitation the voyages of many thither might much bee preiudiced That as the French did in the Treatie at Bloys and Veruins they should hold their tongue in the matter of Rebels and Run-awayes That they should promise that the English Garrisons in the townes pawned to her should onely defend the said townes and not warre against the Spaniard And that they should enforme them that the Queene had fully resolued that her Subiects might haue free â—rading in the Arch-Dukes Prouinces and that the English seruing now the States should not be recalled againe Lastly that they should fit themselues to Time and Place and to businesses accordingly which sometimes giues better counsell to the men then the men can to them also that they should carefully obserue to what end this Treatie tended whither or no it were to keepe the Queene in suspence whilest they either inuaded England or Ireland or whether it were not to draw to themselues the Vnited Prouinces and disâ—oyne them from England In the meane while the Arch-Duke being somewhat molested with his great warres in Flanders complaines that succour and Subsidie was sent by the Queene to the States and that ships were rigging for the Indies The Delegates made answere that they knew not of any such matter but if it were true that this was no Innouation of new stirres but a continuation of those things that were begun before the Treatie and that therefore they must bee borne withall patiently till such time as the peace be concluded Blaming the Spaniards againe that publikely they had furnished the Rebels in Ireland with prouision and money that hee had receiued of them Hostages and promised his succour that these things were to be seene extant in the very letters themselues of the Spaniards which were sent ouer to curry fauour from the Queene to the Rebels and could presently be produced Besides that that was a plaine innouation For his Father neuer assisted them but secretly if he did that Whilest these things were in controuersie and suspition on either side daily increased that the peace indeed is propounded but a worse thing treacherously intended The Spaniards declare that their Master the
vnexpected returne into England with some few followers ibid. He comes and kneeles before the Queene at None-such 245 He is committed to custody in the Lord Keepers house 246 He endeauoures to remooue the suspition of ill that was conceiued of him by reason of his sodaine returne ibid. When some would haue freed him by force out of custody hee would not agree to it 247 The Truce broken in Ireland by Tir-Oen in the Earles absence ibid. The proud answere and the reason thereof ibid. Tir-Oen behaues himselfe very proudly 248 The feather of a Phoenix sent him from the Pope ibid. The Lord Keeper of the Seale laies open the cause of the Earle of Essex in the Starre-Chamber to appease the people and the Lord Treasurer and the Lord Admirall and Secretary Cecill 249 The Earle of Essex wholly deuoted to prayer and godly meditation 251 A peace betweene Spaine and England proposed ibid. The Spanish Gallies arriue at Flanders 252 Charles King of Swethland sends ouer to excuse himselfe to the Queene of England ibid. The death of Richard Hooker 253 Anno M.DC. TItles to Crowne-Land confirmed by the Queene 154 A Proclamation that no gold or siluer should be carried out of the Kingdome 255 Tir-Oen conferreth honours vpon his followers ibid. Mac-Guir and Warrham Saint Leger are slaine ibid. Charles Blunt Lord Montioy made Deputy of Ireland who arriued there in the very midest of winter ibid. The Pope of Rome encourageth the Rebells of Ireland with his iudulgence and generall pardon 256 The forme and manner of it ibid. The Rebells sound an Alarme in the very suburbs of Dublin The Deputy neglects them and onely sets forward after Tir-Oen 257 But Tir-Oen preuents him ibid. The Deputy sends a Garrison to Vlster 257 The Citie of Derry is fortified and Tir-Oen repulsed 258 Ony-Mac-Mory-Og the chiefe of the Family of O-More is slaine ibid. The Lord Deputy sets forwards againe towards Vlster 259 He breaketh through many difficulties ibid. Mont-Norris Fort erected ibid. Henry Docwray chaseth the Rebels ibid. The Lord Deputy Montioy restraineth the furie of the Rebels in the Prouince of Leinster 260 After that he returnes againe to Vlster ibid. The exploits of Sir George Carew President of Vlster and what he did in that Prouince 261 A new proposall of a peace with Spaine againe ibid. Vpon what hopes this peace was propounded 262 Bononia or Bolonia the place appointed for the Treaty 263 Obseruations about the precedency of the kingdomes of Spaine England and France ibid. Peeres designed for the Queenes part 264 The instructions of the English for the Queenes honour ibid. Exceptions taken on both sides concerning some tearmes in the Commissions of the Delegates 265 The title of Most Illustrious canuased ibid. The English challenge for the Queene the first place 274 The Spaniards will not yeeld them place equall with them ibid. New instructions to the English from the Queene 275 The complaint of the Archduke about the Queenes succouring the Hollanders in the time of Truce answered 276 By reason of Priority or Equality denied to the Queene the Treaty breakes off very abruptly after it had continued three moneths 277 The battle at Newport with the rest of the proceedings there 278 Sir Francis Vere wounded in the leg and the thigh and his Horse slaine vnder him 280 They that were taken of the enemy they that were wounded and the Englishmens names that best deserued in the battle 281 Contentions betwixt the English French about prizes ibid. The matter of agreement betweene both parties 282 Contentions betweene the English and the Danes concerning Traffique and Fishing 283 The English complaine of the exactiâ—n of tribute for passing the Sound the Danish Delegates depart for want of victuals 285 Two Breefes sent priuately by the Pope against the K. of Scots nexâ— Heire to the Crowne of England ibid. The treason intended by the Ruthwens the Brothers of Earle Gowry 286 Great complaint in England for the scarsity of Corne. ibid. The Earle of Essex commanded to keepe his house 287 He appeares before the Lords Commissioners ibid. The Earle makes answere for himselfe 288 The L. Keeper interrupts the Earle in his answere 289 Great hopes of the Earles liberty collected from the Queenes naturall inclination to mercy 290 As also from the noblenesse vertuous disposition of the heart of Essex himselfe ibid. Considerations in what course of life the Earle was best to imploy himselfe 292 Great humblenesse of minde in the Earle of Essex 293 The Earles message to the Queene full of humility ibid. The Queenes answere in words she would often vse 294 Cuâ—â—e gets accesse to the Earle of Essex ibid. But the Earle is yet deafe to his bad counsell ibid. The Queen will not yeeld to Essex's petition 295 Whereat the Earle grew much discontented ibid. And now begins to hearken to ill counsell ibid. He keepes open entertainment for all commers 296 The death of Roger Lord North. ibid. Anno M.DC.I. EMbassadours sent from Maâ—ritania and Russia Pag. 297 Diuers Princes resort to visite the Quâ—â—ne ibid. The Earle of Essex quite deafe to any good aduice 298 He is mâ—re and more enraged but especially for the Earle of Southamptons beiâ—g assaâ—lâ—ed by the Lord Grey in the open street 299 He eâ—deauoureth to draw the King of Scots to his party ibid. The Earle of Southampton Sir Charles Dauers Sir Ferdinando Gorge Sir Iohn Dauis and Iohn Littleton made priuy to the Earle of Essex secret plots and purpâ—ses 300 Their meeting in Drewry house the things proposed there the conclâ—siâ—n of surprizing the Court. 301 Whereupon suspition is daily encreased of the Earles loyalty ibid. And the Earlâ— him â—elfe sent for to the Lord Treasurers 302 Bâ—t he excusâ—â—h himselfe by reason of ill health and went not ibid. He beginneth to conceiue new plots ibid. A great multitude of people assemble about Essex house 303 Some Lords of the Coâ—ncell sent to know the reason 304 The Earle of Essex his complaint to them ibid. The open clamors of the multitude to kill the Councellours 305 The Lords are lockt vp in Essex house ibid. The Earle himselfe entreth London to the Sheriffes-â—â—use 306 He is presently proclaimed Traitor ibid. He thinkes which way to returne home againe 307 Sir Ferdinando Gorge sets the Lords of the priuy Councell free ibid. A conflict neere the Bishop of Londons Palace ibid. The Earle takes bâ—at at Queene-hith and fâ—rtifies his house 308 The Earle of Essex commanded to yeeld will not but vpon some conditions ibid. The Admirall will giue none ibid. Tbe Earle determineth to issue forth vpon them ibid. But vpon better aduice begins to thinke of yeelding 309 They all yeeld themselues vp to my Lord Admirall ibid. The Earles of Essex and Southampton imprisoned ibid. The care of the Citizens highly commended by the Queene in a Proclamation 310 Thomas Lee taken and executed at Tiburne ibid. A Proclamation against 〈◊〉 and Râ—n-awaies 311 The plots of the Conspirators are
Allan with other Iesuites had deuised and sought to accomplish plots mischieuous both to Prince and people for which cause the said Cardinall was banisht the Realme yet notwithstanding that the Earle maintained an intercourse of letters with him still in some whereof he assured him of his vtmost indeauour for promoting the Catholique cause which words he argued could admit of no milder exposition than an inuasion of England The Earle made answere that by promoting the Catholique cause he meant not the subuersion of the Realme as they fancied but onely the conuersion of as many Proselites as he could The Queenes Atturney Popham vrgeth against this the confessions of Sauage Throgmorton and Babington out of which hee made his illation that by those words the Earle meant an inuasion of England by force of armes Soutlâ—worth Sergeant at Law hauing alleadged the Statutes lately made against Iesuites and Seminary Priests begins to vnfold the secret mischieuous purposes of sending Iesuites ouer into England concluding them to bee Traytors from a testimonie taken from the Earles owne mouth who when Valâ—ngers case about the Libell was tried in the Starre-chamber openly affirmed that he that was throughly a Papist must needes bee a Traytor aggrauating the matter with these circumstances beâ—ides that the Earle had entertained such men notwithstanding into his familiar acquaintance and that also he had reconciled himselfe to the Romane Church and tendred obedience to that See This reconcilement the Earle earnestly denied beseeching them that testimonie might be produced for confirmation but they produced none but himselfe who hauing formerly granted them that he had beene confessed his sinnes by Burges the Priest gaue them occasion to vse this argument against him he that is admitted to the vse of the Sacraments of the Church of Rome must first be reconciled to that Church but he had beene admitted by Gratley a Priest to the vse of the Sacraments of the Church of Rome and therefore they concluded his reâ—oncilement Heere Popham with as great vehemency of words as multipâ—icitie of matter argueth his reconcilement from his owne letters from his resolution to depart the Realme and from his continuall being thus at the Cardinals becke thence concluding him guilty of treason and afterwards producing letters of Gratley and Morgan to the Queene of Scots taxed him as if he professed the Romish religion not out of conscience but as a colour for his discontents if they should chance to break out into open rebellion After all this was produced a little picture fouÌ„d in the Earls casket on the one side wherof was a handshaking a Serpent into the fire with this inscription Si Deus nâ—biscum quis contra nos that is If God be with vs whâ— can be against vs On the other side a Lion rampant with his tallents cut off but this motto Tamen leo that is I am yet a Lion To this he addâ—d that the Cardinâ—lâ— exhortation to the contrary diuerteâ— his â—esolution of departing the Realme alledging that hee might doe the Church of Rome better seruice at home than he 〈…〉 Likewise that in a letter sent the Queene he had bitterly traduced and sorely calumniated the legall proceeding of the Realme especially in the sentence of death both of his 〈◊〉 and Grandfather that the Queene of Scots had commended him to Bibington as a fit man to be the Chiefe Heade of all Catholiques That Cardinall Allan plainely intimated that the Popes Bâ—ll was procured by the meanes of a Great man in England whâ— must necessarily be the Earle himselfe since none of all the nobilitie was guilty of that familiaritie with him which the Earle by letters daily increased and augmented Then were read the confessions of William and Margaret brother and sister to the Earle Likewise some of his owne letters which he wrote when he resolued a departure of the Realme euery one magnifying euen to admiration the clemencie of the Queene who at that time qualified his offence of treasâ—n with a triuiall imputation of a bare contempt only To these things the Earâ—e heere and there mingled an answer as that the picture was a small ordinary trifle and the gift of one of his seruants That indeed he assured Cardinall Allan of the extremity of his indeuours but yet neither against Prince nor people That whatsoeuer he had formerly written concerning the iudgement pronounced either against his Father or Grandfather the Chronicle was better able to 〈…〉 Then were read certaine letters of the Cardinall Allan to the Queene of Sâ—ots and others of the Bishops of Rosse since the time of his intended flight concerning a fresh inuasion of England After that the Bull also of Sixtus Quintus and many sentences gleaned out of the Cardinals admonitions to his Countreâ— men in England the yeere before printed at Antwerpe The Title also of Philip Duke of Norfolke found in some scattered papers was layd to his charge by reason indeed that the Cardinall not long since had exhorted him to vse a Higher Title and aâ—l this to prooue him guilty of Treason before his imprisonment But Egerton the Queenes Sollicitor hauing compendiously collated all the premisses doth vndertake to conuince the Earle of Treason likewise since his imprisonment and that at three seuerall times as first before the Spanish Nauie came by wishing a fortunate successe vnto it then at the very time of the Nauies comming by causing Seruices Prayers and the Masse of the Holy Ghost to be sayd full foure and twenty houres without respite for the prosperity thereof and lastly at the time of its shamefull flight by more then ordinary griefe bewayling the misery of so vnexpected fortune The testimonies to confirme these allegations were â—aken 〈…〉 The Earle indeed denied not the saying of Masse or prayers but the end thereof as they imagined his end being only to diuert the cruelty of that slaughter which hee 〈◊〉 was threatned Catholiques But what Gerarâ— affirmed hee constantly denied and adiuring him by the terrour of the fearefull day of iudgement either so distracted his memorie or quickned his conscience that he accused none more than himselfe of folly in speaking little or nothing to the purpose What Bennet witnessed the Earle sought to suppresse the beliefe of by producing to them palpable contradictions which his whole confession was in a 〈◊〉 clad with and for the rest as being men partly condemned partly dissolute in their life and partly of small credit he not so much esteemed of their testimonie as traduced that courtesie which hee thought allow'd him companie the better to entangle him This peremptorie slighting and disreputing of the witnesse that came for the Queene being 〈…〉 with some reprehension the Queenes Sollicitor gave them notice to heare the words of the ancient law of Richard the 2. read wherein is declared that the Crowne of England is vnder no Iurisdiction except onely Gods and that the Bishop of Rome hath no right either in or ouer the same After which time
put to flight his Catholique Maiesties forces the most potent Prince in Europe landed in fowre seuerall places marched with banners displayed in the enemies ground seuen dayes together attempted one of their greatest cities with no small forces lodged three nights together in the suburbes thereof chased the enemy to their owne gates tooke two castles by the sea side and vnfurnisht the enemy of great store of warlike prouision Yet wanted there not some discontented detractors who by interposing the losse of six thousand souldiers and mariners which the violence of the disease swept away sought to discredit the true glory of this noble and heroicke enterprize But certainely by it England hath learned not to feare the conceited power of the Spaniard and is now better flesht against the next occasion of the like seruice It hath beene much controuerted concerning the originall cause of this disease amongst thâ— English whether or no it proceeded from immoderate drinking of wine and excessiue eating of fruit from the naturall disproportion of theirs and our ayre or from all of them And it is an obseruation as worth our wonder as our memory that expeditions from England into Spaine haue beene for the most part euer infortunate to this Nation as was that of Iohn of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster about the yeere of Grace MCCCLXXXVI wherin of twenty thousand Englishmen ten thousand died And that of the Marquesse Dorset in the yeere 1512. wherin of ten thousand English a disease murthered 1000. in a short space and that in the hithermost coasts of Spaine But the obseruation of the learned may giue this wonder a probability of reason For they argue that an army comming from the South into the North is thereby the more hardened according as the Inward heat is either remitted or intended by the outward ayre and that that of Vitruvius is very true They that remooue out of cold countries into hâ—tter cannot long continue But they that come from hot countreyes into colder in the North doe not impeaâ—h their health by this change of ayre but confirme it When that the tract of small time had acquainted those of the Hanse townes with the vnexpected surprizall of their captiue Hulkes they begin to fashion their discontents into a forme of complaint seasoned with some weake 〈◊〉 which they present to the Queene concerning the violations of their ancient Priuiledges and customes The Queene returnes them this answer That her former admonition to them of not transporting come or any other warlike prouision to the Spaniard had made this surprizall which they complayned of very lawfull and that it could be thought of no otherwise vnlesse that they would haue her preferre their Priuate commodities before the good publique of her owne common wealth That shee ought not to auouch such Priuiledges which are onely Priuate Lawes against the safety of her Dominions whiâ—h is a Supreme Law And that the same Act with which they vrge the violating of their customes doth annihilate their complaints for that in the Priuiledge granted to them by King Edward the First there is this clause interweaued That they should not transport or conuey any 〈◊〉 or merchandize into the countreyes of manifest and notorious enemies of the Kingdome of England That therefore in the heat of any warre their Traffique was wont to be stayed when they furnished eyther enemy And that not onely the English serued them so but euen Charles the fift the King of Sweden and Denmarke and Poland and not long since the Prince of Orange and all iustly euen according to the Law of Nations wishing them heereafter so to vse the benefit of their neutrality that whilest they aâ—â—isted the one they iniured not the other party And lastly gently admonishing them of their vnseemly threats especially to a Prince who in respect of Ability dreaded not the mightiest Monarch breathing yet in respect of her Honour would imbrace a peace with the meanest and most constantly obserue all lawes of Neighbourhood And of this her constancy the King of Nauarre and France was no small witnesse one whereof shee succoured both with money and munition to the suppressing of a difficult warre and the other she established in quietnesse euen vpon the very point of despayre of it Foâ— to digresse yet a little in the way the Duke of Aniou brother to the King dying without issue the King at that time being both without children and the very hope of euer hauing any the kingdome of France was lineally to descend to the King of Nauarre and afterwards to the Prince of Conde both zealous professours of the Reformed Religion Whereupon the Catholike Princes of France not vnknowne either to the Pope or to the Spaniard complotted a diuellish conspiracy wherin they had onely interested the cause of Religion and therefore termed it the Holy League vtterly to ouerthrowe the King by heaping the enuie of the whole land vpon him and so by peruerting the naturall course of succession with that to ruinate also the Reformed Religion They that impiously combined themselues in this conspiracy bound themselues by a strong oath neuer to suffer any one to rule France that eyther had euer or was likely to professe any Religion but the Romane Catholique that they would neuer allow of one that being brought vp and bred in the Reformed Religion should afterwards absolutely forsweare it least hauing once gotten the Kingdome he should change his Religion with his State Who could be so besotted in his iudgement as not to see that this businesse tended onely to excluded Nauarre and the Prince of Conde Yet notwithstanding the mystery of this conspiracy wrought so couertly that it was long ere it could come to ripenesse For first the Duke of Guise the chiefe Head of this villany hauing valiantly defended Poitiers against the Protestants and vanquished the Germane horsemen sent by the Duke of Alenzon and scattered the mighty leauy of Germanes vnder the conduct of Baron D'onawe was so infinitely magnified both by the Laity and the Popish Clergie of France that to the preiudice of the King himselfe he was euery where stiled the Sole defender of the Catholique Religion and the Hammer of the Protestants Vpon but his very 〈◊〉 into Paris at one time there arose such an vproare amongst the inconstant people that the King for the safety of his person was compelled to impeach his owne Honour to retire from Paris and to call a Councell aâ— Bloys In which Councell his necessities droue him to a forced patience of these inconueniences to consent to this Holy League by his expresse Proclamation in Iulie to root out the Reformed Religion to constitute the Duke of Guise the Great Master of the French Warres and to seale to him the confirmation of these Articles with the receipt of the Sacrament The King himselfe now fearing him whom he himselfe had made thus to be feared and so great that no Law could question him or
elsewhere in difficult affaires and no more acquainted with this message than the occasion of it The Queene notwithstanding could not wel endure that the Spaniard should be possessed of so rich and conuenient a place to inuade England Holland or Zeland from In so much that the continuall meditation of this matter wrought these words out of her that This businesse concern'd her more than that of Edward the third who at excessive charges maintained the cause of Iohn of Montfort to keepe the French from possessing themselues of Britaine There were indeed some about the Court to the commendation of their warinesse more than wisdome that prompted the Queene to a parâ—imony aduising her not to be at so great charges for others good but rather to regard her owne wishing her not to put any confidence in French-men as being traâ—terous euen to their owne Kings thence taking an occasion to returne to her memory their cruelty in butchering one of their Kings that was a professed Catholike and their villany in thus persecuting another that is a Protestant They vrged to her likewise the vniust claime the French laid to Metz Toul and Verdune formerly annexed to the Empire of Germany which notwithstanding the memory of later ages witnessing as much they by violence haue disioynted from it That they doe as constantly hate the English euen now when they are friends as others doe when they are enemies that they doe so duely breake promise in repaying of monies to the English that they vse to Nick-name other Creditors whom they likewise disappoint with this by-word Les Anglois These are Englishmen Lastly that by their homebred seditions they haue so rent a flourishing estate into factions that the whole Realme might rather excite her neighbours pity than occasion their feare it being now like a grosse body burthened with its owne weight and so disordered by the mutable obedience of the people that if it should chance to faile of an enemy abroad it would soone find one at home The Queene as desirous of the commendations of the French from the mouth of an English man as careful of their safety from the hands of an enemy entertained this discourse both with disdaine and laughter and when not onely the English but euen some French themselues counsel'd her to put in for her share and ceaze vpon Picardie or Normandie as the Spaniard and the Leaguers had already cantonized all France putting her in minde of the saying of Charles of Burgundy that It was best for all neighbour nations when France had twenty Kings She heard them with a much forced patience and disdainfully putting them by said That whensoeuer France it's last day should be at hand the euening thereof would bring in Englands ruine and destruction Whilst these businesses were on foot Ambrose Dudley Earle of Wâ—rwicke sonne of Iohn Duke of Northumberland and Knight of the Order of S. George departed this life as full of vertue as empty of Issue And not long after Sir Francis Walsingham also the Queenes Secretary and Chancellour of the Duchie of Lancaster and of the Order of the Garter He was a man as commendable for industrie as imitable for his wisdome and piety one that had beene employed in many honourable Embassies a strict professour of the reformed Religion a curious searcher out of secrets one that could diue into mens dispositions and worke them to his owne ends at pleasure His Art that way as it was past imitation so was it beyond the Queenes owne expectation in so much that the Papists euery where traduced him as a subtle enginere to screw simple Proseâ—ytes within the danger of the law This intelligence which hee continually had of all plots and deuises that were hatched within the Realme cost him such excessiue charges that hauing spent not onely his estate but euen his credit which was much impeached by his abundant debts he was in the night time buried at Pauls without any Funerall solemnity Hee left but one daughter who first marrying Sir Philip Sidney bore him a daughter married to Roger Earle of Rutland and then marrying her second husband the Earle of Essex bore him one sonne and some daughters and afterwards being married to the Earle of Clan-Richard an Irish Lord bore to him also Children of both sexes Not long aboue a moneth or two Sir Thomas Randolph ouer-liued him yet not so neere to him in his death as hee was in acquaintance and loue in his life This was he whose brother Edward a braue souldier died victoriously in Ireland in the yeare 156â— In the time of his youth hee liued a Ciuill Lawyer in Christ-Chuch in Oxford and afterwards became the Principall of Broad-gates Hall since named Pembroke Colledge Hee had beene imployed in many seuerall Embassies thrice to the Peeres in Scotland thrice to Queene Mary of Scotland after her returne from France Seuen times to Iames the sixt of Scotland thrice to Iohn Basilides Emperour of Russia once to Charles the ninth of France and againe to Henry the third The Queene rewarded this his seruice with the Chamberlaines Office in the Exchequer heretofore a place of great honour and worth the Mastership of the Post-horses and some small land Neither could ambition or the charge of many chiâ—dren occasion any appetite in him of greater wealth to the true patterne of a contented minde for all high and worldly men whereof there are very few but haue lesse occasion and greater desire And let mee not forget that which may benifit posterity with the memory of it a letter which hee sent to Sir Francis Walsingham a little before his death wherein hee declared how fitting it was and how necessary that the one should leaue of the trickes of a Secretary and the other of an Embassadour and imploy the time before their death in repentance for the sinnes of their life Shortly after him died Sir Iames Croft who in the dayes of Edward the sixt valiantly defended Hadington in Scotland against the French He was for a while Lord Deputy of Ireland hauing beene condemned for treason in the hot dayes of Queene Mary was as gratiously pardoned by Queene Elizabeth and made Gouernour of Barwicke and the Easterne borders He likewise was Comptroller of her Maiesties houshold and a Delegate at the Treaty of Bourbourge After all which hauing had the vertue to excite the very enuie of the Court against him and yet hee happy fortune to ouercome it liued and died in the loue and fauour both of Prince and people With the yeere also ended George Talbot his lifeâ—being Earle of Shropshire the sonne of Francis and the seuenth Earle of that House who in the Reigne of Queene Mary hauing to the number of three thousand vnder him committed to him by his Father the Generall of the Army in the Scottish warres rescued the Earle of Northumberland at Lo-wick out of most eminent danger Hee was also Captayne of a troupe
was wounded first in the leg and then in the thigh afterwards drawing towards the shoare his horse fell vnder him he also lying downe vpon him till he was helped by Drury and Higame and put vpon Drury's horse and in good time for the enemy was neere hand Vere coming thâ—ther found his Brother Horatio with three huâ—dred foot where he commanded the Ordnance to be discharged vpon the enemy his Squadrons and that of Baely to set vpon them and his Brother Horatio to be at hand with the foot who all so violently beat vpon the enemies with their shot that they droue the enemy to flight Many in the flight were slaine in all about nine thousand There were taken the Admirall of Arragon Vigilare Sapena and many more of great note and Nobility The Arch-Duke himselfe was sore wounded Duke Aumale also and Alphonsus Dauales Master of the Campe Rodericke Lasso and many more But let the Writers of the Low Country affaires report these things at large It is enough for me to speake this out of Veres owne obseruations who hath left to vs to consider what the valour of the English was amongst one thousand fiue hundred of them that there were but eight hundred slaine and wounded and eight Commanders lurking and all but two wounded The Spaniards were very loth to attribute their losse to the valour of the English but were contented rather to impute it to the greater number of them or to their toilesome wearinesse by reason of their exceeding long iourney or to the Sunne or the winde that blew the dust and sand in their eyes or to the lasinesse of their owne Horsemen Amongst the English they that best deserued in this seruice were Francis and Horatius Vere brothers Edward Cecill Calisthenes Brookes Thomas Knolles Daniel Vere Iohn Ogle Yaxley Fairfax Valuasour Holcroft Denis Tirrell Hammund Sutton Foster Garnet Morgan and Scot. In this yeare also as in the former betweene the English and French on both sides complaints were heard concerning Prizes which were become very many by the mutuall insolence of their Pirates but by the care of Thumer Boisisse a graue man and then French Embassadour IT was agreed on that the Subiects of both Princes should be mutually protected in the lawfull exercising of Merchandize according to former Treaties that sufficient heed might be taken concerning the sending out of Merchants ships and others with warlike prouision and Letters of Mâ—rt to wit with double quantity of furniture and victuals but of the single prouision of those ships without Letters of Mart also that the Officers of the Admiralty should be bound to answer for all iniuries happening by their fault if they had receiued none of a lesse conuenient charge That care should be taken for the costs of Merchants That if possible their cause may be dispatched within six moneths That in actions legally â—egun hereafter might be pronounced soundly That sureties shall onely discharge the stipulation satisfying the Creditor if iustice be denied three moneths after the demand of the Prince or Embassadour there reâ—ident That Letters of Mart shall be graâ—ted That no Armour or warlike munition of any sort be transported into the Spanish Dominions if any thing be taken or detained by the Kings Subiects the randsome not payd That care might be taken by both Princes that in due time the iust randsome may be payed That ships sent forth by the immediate command of the Prince or assigned by the gouernours of the Kings Nauie to publique warres may be accounted the Kings ships if any thing be by them committed that either Prince take care for the administring of iustice That Letters of Mart be nâ—t onely suspended but on both sides called in That Prâ—clamation be made that neither diuision transpartation or alienation of taken goods be suffered That no man may either by them receiue them or conceale them vnlesse by the Iâ—dge of the Adimralty they be thought a lawfull prey That Pyrats should not be receiued into Cities Ports or Villages or suffered to tarry not laid hands on and bound ouer That they be present vpon paine of lawfull punishment and make restitution notwithstanding with this protestation That these things be not otherwise construed but if any thing be repugnant to ancient Leagues that nothing be vnderstood derogatiue from them but because of the iniury of these times That there may be better heed taken against the depredation of Pirates That this may be taken onely by the way of prouiding vntill a larger Treatie may be held concerning these seuerall Articles for the commodity of each Prince Controuersies also arose concerning the new impositions put on English Merchandize contrary to the Treaties of Blois concerning English cloath deceitfully made not without the discredit of our Nation the Queene also requiring the money she lent to the French King and part of it was repayed withall tokens of thankfulnesse Not onely in France arose a fresh controuersie but also in Denmarke concerning the traffique and their fishing on the shore of Norway and by Island In the former yeare the Danes being angry with this fishing and the English Piracy suddenly set vpon the English of Hull fishing not farre from Norway confiskated their ships and goods to a great value and put their Marriners to the racke hauing caused this punishment to be denounced two yeares before in England with an interdiction of fishing These things the cause vnknowne the Queene tooke heinously and as proceeding from an enemy who neither respected her person or Subiects or his owne ancient League she mediated for the men of Hull in Letters sent by Stephen Leisere and Thomas Ferrar acknowledging that Whitfield and Bernicke had verbally pretended that that fishing by Island and Norway was vsed of the English contrary to their League but of this that they had shewed no proofe she taught also that many priuiledges of fishing were granted to the English by the ancient Kings of Norway before the coniunction of Denmarke and Norway and that the same were confirmed by Iohn and Christianus Kings of Denmarke which was affirmed out of the Treatie with Iohn that licence of fishing from seuen yeares to seuen was to be asked she answered that it had beene omitted many yeares of them that the Danes were in fault not the English for vntill the expulsion of Christierne their King in the yeare 1521. this licence was asked since then that neither Fredericke the Kings great Grandfather nor Christian the Grandfather nor Fredericke the Father had enacted it who in the yeare 1585 promised by his Letters that if the English abstained from iniury they might enioy the liberty which formerly they had without any asking leaue wherefore that now the English were vniustly dealt withal since that of late they had not refused to aske licence from seuen yeares to seuen as before also the most famous Lawyers had iudged the Sea to be common not to be interdicted of any Prince by the Law of
Nations To let passe many words the Queene required the whole matter should be referred either to Delegates on both sides or to the Elector of Brandenburgh the Kings Father in Law the Duke of Mekelburgh Henry Iulius the D. of Brunswicke Vncle to the Kings Sister But when neither Stephen Leisiere nor Ferrar nor Nicholas Crage a learned man the one sent into England the other into Denmarke could compose the matter at length it was agreed on that Delegates should be sent to Embda thither the Queene sent Embassadours Richard Bancroft Bishop of London Christopher Perkins and Iohn Swale who might parley with the Delegates of Denmarke But when they came not at the appointed day whether hindered by the winde or some other errour the Danes alleaging that the time of their Delegates was out went home or as some thought because they wanted victuals for the Danes giue to their Embassadours Captaine victuals not mony as other Princes neither could endure to heare that they should require the prolongation of that authority Hence the English complained of the Danes as men proposing nothing else to themselues then that things should remaine as they were to wit that they might exact new tribute daily in the Oresund Sea that by new decrees they might confiscate their ships and merchandize that they might hold their fishng in the Northerne Sea and then saying through the same into Moscouia notwithstanding about these times for the better furtherance of Nauigation the Trades increase and the Kingdomes honour the Queene instituted the Company of East Indie Merchants giuing to them great priuiledges they sent thither with three ships Iames Lancaster of whom we before haue spoken that in the yeare 1594. he ouer came Fernambucke in Brasil Since that time and not vnluckily they sent euery yeare a small Nauy and to their Kingdomes honour erected Markets in Lurat the great Maguls Country in Mossolupatan Bantan Patane Siam Sagad Mecassar also in Iapan crushing by happy victories aswell the insolent enemy as the Turkish falsnesse but whether so great a summe of money daily transported hence and so many Marriners wasted be for the common good let wise men iâ—dge and posterity perceiue While the Queene thus prouides for her Subiects inrichment Clement the eight Pope vnderstanding her to be well in yeares for the better restoring of the Roman Religion to its former height in England sent thither two Breues one to the Clergy the other to the Laity in which hee admonished that they should admit no one to the Scepter after her decase how neere a kinne soeuer vnlesse he were one who would not onely grant a toleration of the Romish Religion but also with his best indeuour further it To the doing of which he must binde himselfe by an oath after the manner of his predecessours but the contents of these were as sparingly reuealed as they themselues closely sent notwithstanding hence was the originall of the monstrous powder-plot and as these Breues were sent from Rome to England for the easier excluding of King Iames from his inheriting England so at the same time was prepared in Scotland a deadly Sword by the Rethuens Brothers who in reuenge of the lawfull punishment inflicted on the E. of Gowry their Brother in the Kings minoritie appointed the same good King to die treacherously seducing him to their house and they had not come short in the performing of this designe had not the Protectour of Kings by these instruments the Kings fortitude the loyall endeauour of Iohn Ramsey and Thomas Areskins made themselues the authours of destruction on themselues for they were made aswell partners in death as in that plot and by decree of the State their goods confiscate their house made leuell with the ground themselues quartered and the Quarters hung on stakes through the Cities and as many as had to their surname Rethuen were commanded to leaue it for the better obliterating both of name and memory let it not be accounted fraud in me to relate their punishment since other Writers in this matter haue beene profuse about this Prince through England arose great complaint of the scarcity of victuals which also increased by reason of the moist constitution in the heauens at the end of the former yeare the vernall cold of this and the priuate auarice of some who by the abuse of an obtained licence transported great store into other Nations Hence the people moued no lesse with opinion then if they had had more rationall proofes by Libels railed on Buckhurst the Treasurer as if he had granted the licence but hee not lightly regarding these things repaires to the Queene from whom by Proclamation his innocence was testified a fault transferred on the Hucsters of Corne the Libellers apprehended and punished But such is the querulous enuy of the people that they complained the more and lashed him by priuate backe-bitings as if he had acknowledged it And now Essex hauing beene vnder the Lord Keeper of the great Seales custody this halfe yeare began mooued thereto by his naturall inclination to goodnesse and by this physicall affliction and many of his friends especially Henry Howard began I say to come to a better minde also determining to send away far from him those turbulent spirits that suggested him to all that was naught Gill Mericke and Cuffe he himselfe putting on such piety patience and modest humility that all his friends hoped well of him againe and his enemies enuied thereat The Queene in short time being pacified with his humble and submissue Letters commanded him to keepe onely his owne house vnder the free custody of Richard Barckly withall protesting that these her punishments were not entended for his ouerthrow but for his amendment But the common people altogether pleading for his innocency thinking him shrewdly wronged it seemed good to the Queene to eschew all kinde of seuerity iniustice or preiudice to her or her Councel that his cause should be heard yet not in the Starre Chamber lest he were too seuerely punished but onely priuately in the Lord Keepers house the Iudges thereof were allotted the Councell-table of the Queene foure Earles two Lords and foure Iudges that thereby he might onely be censured alike but with no marke of treachery or treason The summe of his accusation was that hauing no such authority in his Commission he made Southampton leader of the Horse that he knighted many that he drew his forces from Tir-Oen whom he should haue prosecuted into Mounster that he had priuate conference with Tir-Oen to the violation of the Maiesty of the Queene and the honor of the the Deputy himselfe and that this conference was the more suspected because it was priuate and secret These things the Lawyers sorely aggrauated bringing in also abrupt sentences of his out of Letters writ by himselfe some two yeres before the Copies whereof were dispersed by his followers vp and downe England such as these THat there is
whither or no the Queene were ready to goe to Supper or whether any of the Priuy Councell were there There being taken and then examined the next day being condemned by Crosses witnesse and his owne confession he was hanged at Tyburne and there indeed he confessed that he had beene a very wicked lewd fellow but in this cause very innocent protesting that he neuer thought any thing in his life against the Queene This execution indeed might another time haue beene longer deliberated on but in these times necessity required such wholesome seuerity And well was it to shew how they would punish treason though perchance they hanged no traitor And now presently after all their assemblies and consultations at Drewry house were reuealed by one of the conspiratours enticed it is likely with hope of his life but who it was certainly I cannot tell And this when the rest being examined perceiued to be found out thinking also that all was knowne and counting it a foolish secrecy to conceale that which was already knowne hoping for no benefit of concealing reuealed all Hereupon Essex and Southampton who thought that all was safe enough were arraigned the 19. of February at Westminster before the Lord Buckhurst Treasurer of England Lord Steward for that day Their Peeres were the Earles of Oxford Nottingham Shrewsbury Darby Worcester Cumberland Sussex Hertford and Lincolne Viscount Howard of Bindon the Lords Hunsdon De-la-ware Morley Cobham Stafford Grey Lumley Windsor Rich Darcie of Chech Chandoys Sir Iohn of Bletnesh Burghley Compton and Howard of Walden which was then Constable of the Tower of London Besides Popham Lord chiefe Iustice of England Periam Lord chiefe Baron of the Exchequer Gawdy Feâ—ner Wamsâ—ey Clarke and Kingsmill These all being called by name Essex demanded if it were not lawfull for him as it is for a priuate man in the like case to take exception against any of them But the Iudges made answere that the credit and truth of the Peeres of the Kingdome of England is such that in any Law-case or iudiciall causes they can neither be put to their oath nor yet excepted against Then are they ioyntly demanded wherefore they intended to dispossesse the Queene of her Throne and take away her life from her which they intended in their resolutions of assaulting the Court of breaking into an open rebellion and of imprisoning the Priuy Councellours of stirring the Londoners to a rebellion and of setting vpon her Maiesties trusty Subiects in the City and by defending their houses against the Queenes forces They being demanded whither or no they were guilty of these crimes denied and submitted themselues to God and their Peeres Eluerton at large vnfolds the matter shewing that it is to be reckoned as treason euen to thinke any thing against the Maieste of a Prince Then he compares Essex with Catiline by reason that he heaped together in his rebellion men of alâ— sorts Atheists Papists and the wickedest that were Then he casts in his teeth the liberality and goodnesse of the Queene towards him that had bestowed vpon him an vndeseruing young man such vntimely honours accusing him for abusing them by hunting after popularity and the loue of Souldiers in an vnsatiable ambition of glory which neuer stinted but still like the Crocodile growes as long as it liues Then he shewes that he much wonders that the Earles would pleade not guilty when all the world could giue euidence of their offences Sir Edward Coke Solliciter shewes them out of Fitzherbert an English Authour among the Lawyers that the very inward thought of any villany against the Prince was indeed treason although not to be iudged so till it brake out into Word or Act. Then he shews that they intend the destruction of the Prince who run into rebellion who draw together an armed Band who being commanded to dismisse them refuse or who thinke of bringing the City the Tower or the Court or the Prince vnder their owne power Then hee runnes thorow all the graces and fauours of the Queene bestowed vpon him That she had made him Master of the Horse and warlike Engines That she had chosen him into her Priuy Councell That she had made him Earle Marshall of England and Lord Deputy of Ireland and that in a small time she had most munificently giuen him thirty thousand pounds of English money Then hee reckons vp the imprisonment of the Priuy Councellours the threatnings against them the feares they were put in and then he obiects his acquaintance to him with Danuers Dauis and Blunt all addicted to Popery Then shewed he how that they chose rather to goe into the City then come to Court because the glorious light of Maiesty glittering in the Queene would haue so blinded the eies of their treachery and treason that they would neuer haue dared to haue come neere Then he commends their confessions which came out voluntary and not being wracked out and also for the coherence of one with another and hauing wouen into his discourse an historicall Narration of all the matter about surprizing the Queene and calling a Parliament hee concluded his speech with this bitter Epiphonema THat it were to be wished that this Robert should be the last of this name Earle of Essex who affected to be Robert the first of that name King of England The Earle cheerefull in voyce and countenance answered to this that indeed it was the propriety of Lawyers to speake well and be good Orators who doe thinke it a great glory in accumulated speeches to aggrauate the offence of people in a manner innocent But for his Peeres he intreated them to consider of his case not according to the vehemency of his words but the truth of the thing protesting that for his owne part he was most sincere in his Religion and that he knew no otherwise by Dauis for he went daily to Church Concerning the threatnings to the Priuy Councellours he answered that he heard not any by reason of the tumultuous concourse and noise of the people that hee vsed them there as his best and chiefest friends but that he was compelled there to keepe them in custody by reason of the people and that he was necessarily droue thereunto in his owne defence after that once he had heard not by coniecturall thoughts but by sure reason of faithfull messingers that he was ready to be set vpon sodainly by his enemies And concerning the Queene hee said that he then did and still doth keepe his loyalty to so well-deseruing a Prince and that he nothing intended else then to prostrate himselfe at the Queenes feet and to lay open the dangers he was in and the danger that hangs ouer all the Kingdome Popham Lord chiefe Iustice of England being asked vpon his oath declared how vnworthily and ill they had bin vsed at his hands The Earle made answer that he intended no harme to those Honourable persons but respected them with great honour
made vse of him ib. his Motto what it was ibid. Periam Lord chiefe Baron of the Exchequer 311 Perkins employed by the Queene to answer the complaint of the Hanse-Townes 137. Delegated to Embden 284 Peroâ— called into question 67. the heads of his Inditement ibid. he is condemned of treason but dyeth of a disease in the Tower 68 Parsons the Iesuite of too intimate acquaintance with the E. of Arundle 4. he sets forth the booke of Dolemans 101. his excuse afterwards 103. abused by his owne Priests 369 Pharo a Towne ransackt 165 Philip King of Spaine dyeth 225 Pierre-pont Castle in France in vaine besieged 47 Piers Archbishop of Yorke dyeth 114 Proclamation against transporting prouision into Spaine 59. against Bothwell 64 Plague in London whereof in a yeare there died 17890. people of the City 91 Poâ—ters valiantly defended by the Duke of Guise 19 Polacke and the Turke reconciled by the Queenes meanes 33 Pope of Rome sendeth a Bull into Ireland to grant a pardon of all their sins to the Rebels 256 Popham his proceeding against the Earle of Arundel 6. he is made Lord chiefe Iustice. 76 Porto-Rico the voyage thither 131. taken by the Earle of Cumberland 226 Portland fortified by the Queene 169 Powlet Marquesse of Winchester dyeth 197 Practises of the Spaniard in Scotland against England 1 Preston a Captaine burnes the Isle Puerto Sancto 130 Protections hurtfull to the Common-wealth in Ireland 234 Prouidence a ship of the Queenes maintaineth fight with a Caracke three whole houres 73 Puckering dilates vpon the cause of the Earle of Arundel 5. he is made Keeper of the great Seale 61. he dieth 175 Counterfeit Purseuants and Apparitors punished 171 Q QVinpercorentine taken by Marshall D'Aumont and Generall Norris 168 Quodlibets by Watson a Priest 369 R RAtcliffe Earle of Sussex dieth 92 Ratcliffe of Orsdall slaine 241â— Ramsey rescues the King of Scots 286 Randolph a Captaine slaine in France 85 Sir Thomas Randolph dieth 38 Rawleigh his expedition into America 71. to Gadiz 157. to the Azores 180. he is called in question by Generall Essex 182. taken into fauour againe 183. he grudges the Earle of Essex vpon it 186 Reaux sent ouer to the Queene to craue more aide 46 Rebellion in Scotland 2. in France 19. in Ireland extinguished 379 Religion the cloake of Rebellion 98 Rewthwens the Brothers of Gowry conspire to kill the King 286 Rhise Wife to Feagh-Mac-Hugh her courage 119 Richardot very importunate for the liberty of Religion for the Low Countrimen 32 Richard the second his law concerning the Crowne of England 9. the poorer sort exempted in his time from Subsidies which was multiplied on the rich 3â— Rich the Lady Sister to the Earle of Essex 296 Riman his voyage to the East Indies 58 Richmond the place where the Queene dieth 380 Ritch one of the Peeres of the Earle of Arundel 3 Rincurran Castle the Spaniards droue out from thence 353 Roe Lord Maior of London dyeth of the plague 91 Rogers a worthy Commander slaine at the battle of Ostend 343 Rohans come to visite the Queene 298 Roan assailed by the Earle of Essex 47 Russel made Lord Deputy of Ireland 117 S SAlique Law in France what 35 Sands one of the Peeres of the Earle of Arundel 4 Sandford fortified by the Queene 169 Sansie delegated for the King of France's businesse 70 Sapena taken in the battle at Newport 281 Sauages confession vrged against the Earle of Arundel 6 Sauage a worthy Commander at the siege of Amiens 194 Scrope of Bolton dyeth 76 Shelley condemned for treason a witnesse against the Earle of Arundel 9 Sherley a Commander in France vnder Sir Iohn Norris 45. made Knight of the order of S. Michael 1â—2 Sidney sent ouer to the King of France 90. his valour at the battle of Turnholt 177. put out of pay wherefore 182 Silley Islands fortified by the Queene 90 Slâ—ugh Art a countrey in Ireland laid waste by Sir Henry Docwray 349 Smith Master of the Custome-house 31. his rents raised by the meanes of one Caermardine ibid. Smith Sheriffe of London committed to the Tower 336 Southampton made Gouernour of the Horse by the Earle of Essex 239. is present at the parley with Tir-Oen 242. the Queene offended with him and why 244. he comes ouer with the Earle of Essex ibid. assaulted by the Lord Grey in the open street 299. imprisoned 309. arraigned 311. condemned 321. committed to the Tower 336 Southwell 327 Southsey fortified by the Queene 169 Spencer the famous Poet dyeth 232 Spinola commeth with Gallies to Scluce 252. dyeth 365 Squire his treason 226. his execution 228 Steward sent into Germany by the King of Scots 34 Sussex the Countesse dyeth 26. the Earle of Sussex dyeth 92 Countesse of Sutherland Aunt to the Earle of Huntley 100 Synod at Dunbarre 98 Somerset Earle of Worcester sent into Scotland 33 Stanley Earle of Darby dyeth 91. another Earle of Darby dyeth 114. the witchcraft vsed vpon him ibid. Stapleton dyeth 231 T TAffe a Captaine in Ireland his proceedings 361 Talbot Earle of Shrewsbury sent ouer into France 171 Thames dryed vp strangely 75. a discourse about the naturall reason thereof ibid. The Tearme remooued to Saint Albanes 91 Tempests raised by Witches 26 Tesmond a Iesuite his treason against the Queene 370 Theodosius the Emperour his saying 68 Throgmortons confession vrged against the E. of Arundel 6 Tyrell Lord of Kerry 354. put to flight by the Deputies forces 356 Tir-Oen strangleth Hugh Gaueloc 40. he is pardoned by the the Queene ibid. he submits to Norris and Fenton 145. he presents his grieuances before the Earle of Ormond 200. he hath a Fether of a Phoenix sent vnto him by the Pope of Rome 248. he is remoued from his fort at Blackwater 384. he ioyneth Forces with Alphonso Don-Ocampo conducter of the Spaniards 354. he is put to flight 356. his last and absolute submission to the Queene 379 Toul formerly a part of Germany 36 Tours the Parliament at Tours causeth the Bull of Pope Gregory to be hanged and burnt on a gibbet 45 Tragedy of Richard the second acted before the Conspirators by the meanes of Sir Gill. Mericke 332 Treaty at Boullen 263. at Embden 284. at Bremen 365. breakes off 367 Truces in Ireland very hurtfull and why 146 Turlogh Lenigh a great man in Ireland 41. he dieth 94 Turnholt battle 177 Turke and the Polacke reconciled by the meanes of the Queene 33. and with the Vayuod of Transiluania by her meanes too 84 Twomound the Earle an indiuiduall companion of S. George Carew who stood him in great stead 269 V VAlerian's saying about conferring Honour 173 Vallelodid the English Seminary there 60 Valentine Thomas accuseth the King of Scots at the time of his execution 219. he is repriued ibid Vayuod of Moldauia beholding to the Queene 33. and the Vayuod of Transiluania 84 Vere made Gouernour of the Brill 168. his valour at the battle of Tournholt in Brabant 177. he is made Gouernour
them at their comming home and gaue peculiar thankes to euery particular man of any note but especially to the Earle of Essex and the Admirall whom she highly magnified with her eminent prayses When she had called to minde whome of these braue Souldiers she should make Gouernour of the Hauen of Brill which lay as a caution with her for the payment of the States money for the Lord Sheffeld had voluntarily resigned ouer his place Sr. Francis Vere Colonell of the English vnder the States seemed worthiest thereof And although many of the Nobility stood for the same nay although Essex himselfe opposed him and most of the Nobility thought the place more worthy of some nobler man The Queene that well knew his descent for hee was Nephew to Iohn Vere the fifteenth Earle of Oxford and besides found his valour and loyalty so well approued in that hee had vanquished the Spaniard at Rheinberg that hee had taken the Castles of Littenhouen and Buric and that he had recouered the Fort at Zutphen after due deliberation not onely preferred him in the election before the rest but withall gaue him leaue to keepe his place still amongst the States which many others much desired although she could confesse it was not very fitting to make one Gouernour of a Towne of the States that was pawned to her for the paiment of her money who besides was but an hyreling to the States for his pay This the Earle of Essex who had commended many to the Queene tooke heinously nay very vntowardly not hiding his anger from the simplest iudgements but worst of all when in his absence Sr. Robert Cecill was made Secretary to which office hee had before ordained Sr. Thomas Bodley by reason of his well-tried wisedome in the Low Country affaires and to the purpose had so highly extolled him to the Queene as one most fitting and bitingly calumniated Cecill with odious comparisons In the meane time the Spaniard to repaire the lost glory of Cadiz and to heale those incommodities which since that time daily grew vpon him rigging vp all ships he possibly could furnisheth his Nauy at Lisbone hee furnisheth himselfe with all the forreine ships that lay in the Hauen hee mustereth vp his Forces at Faroll from whence they were to saile into England and Ireland but in their voyage as report hath giuen vs to vnderstand a great tempest arising most of their ships either shipwrackt vpon the rockes or were suncke by the billowes insomuch that the loyall aire seemed to fight in the defence of England and her Queene for she heard of their destruction sooner then their expedition But for all that she fortifies her Castles and Forts by the Sea side at Sandford Portland Hurst Southsey Calshot S. Andrewes and S. Maudite and furnishâ—th them with munition And that her friendship and League with the French against the Spaniard might grow stronger shee strengthened it with these additions ALL former Treaties and confederacies shall be confirmed and continue in their force and vertue vnlesse there whereby they derogate from this present Treatie To this League shall all Princes and States be inuited whom it concernes to be carefull of the Spaniards practise Assone as possibly can be an Army shall be mustered to inuade the Spaniards Neither the K. of France or the Queene of England shall haue any treatise with the Spaniard without both's consent because the Spaniard now besets the Dominions of France that are neerest to the Low Countries the Queene shall send 4000. foot who shall serue the King of France six moneths this yeare in any place that shall not be aboue fiftie miles from Bononia by the Sea side In the next yeare following also if the affaires of England can spare them they shall serue the King as long wherein they shall stand to the assertion and conscience of the Queene When the Irish sedition shall be alayd the King shall stand to the good will of the Queene to haue 4000. sent ouer to him The English shall be vnder the French Kings pay from the time of their arriuall to the time of their departure The Queene shall from time to time supply the want of that number That the Pay-masters shall be the Queenes Seruants and her money euery moneth for which the King shall be bound within six moneths fully for to satisfie her hauing resigned ouer foure Townes If that the King shall stand in need of greater Forces the Queene shal muster them in England and the King shall pay them out of his owne moneyes The English that shall serue the King shall be subiect to the Kings officers and punished by them yet so that the English Captaines also be called by the said officers and sit with them in iudgement If the Queene chance to be inuaded and shall demand aide from the King he within two moneths shall muster vp 4000. foot and send them ouer into England at his owne charges and they shall not be drawen further then fifty miles from the shore and the Queene shall pay them from the time of their arriuall in England The said French Souldiers shall be subiect to the Queenes officers after the aforesaid manner the King shall also continually supply the number The one shall furnish the other with all kind of warlike prouision so long as it preiudiceth not the State The Merchants shall mutually defend each other in either Kingdome The King shall not suffer the English to be troubled in cause of Religion the paiments of the Captaines and Souldiers shall be set downe in a little roll And shortly after there was another Treatie wherein it was agreed that in this yeare onely 2000. English should be sent ouer which serue onely at Bononia and Monstrell vnlesse it chanced that the King was personally present in Picardy c. To the performance of these Couenants the Queene took her oath in the Chappell at Greenewich the 29. of Aâ—gust deliuering them to the hands of Henry de la Tour Duke of Bulloigne Viscount Turene and the Marshall of France the Bishop of Chichester giuing to her the holy Testament and many Noble men encircling her round about In September next William Talbot Earle of Shrewesbury is sent ouer into France vpon an Embassie that the King might make the like oath to him in the roome of the Queene that he might present Anthony Mildmay in the place of Leager in France by reason of the death of Henry Vmpton late Leager there that he might inuest the King with the Order of St. George and shortly after Sir Thomas Baskeruâ—â—e passeth ouer with 2000. foot into Picardy according to their last Couenants Amongst these warlike affaires that some what disquieted the peace of the Land there was also a base sort of people that hauing taken vpon them the authority and badges of the Queens Apparitors wandred vp downe England with falsified Commissions the hands of the Counsell other Delegates in
Ecclesiastical causes searching out all poore widows and Papists houses They took away almost by way of robbery al Vessels Chains Iewels or any thing that bare vpon it the picture of Christ or any of the Saints They seuerely exacted the allowance by the way due to Apparitors and cousened many poore silly fearefull people of their money that they might not appeare before the Magistrates Some of these being taken were compelled to restore againe what they had thus robbed men of and were set in the Pillory their eares clipped off and branded in the forehead as cheaters and couseners Yet for all this this seuerity could not keepe vnder this villany that had spred abroad vntill publique notice came that Apparitors should not demand their Viaticum before those that were cited did appeare and the Apparitors also with them before the Magistrate If that many were cited by the same Commission vpon one and the same day the Apparitors were also to be present If that any man that was cited suspected his Apparitor hee might warne him before the next Iustice of Peace to be examined that it may be knowne whether he be one or no. They who were cited vnder paine of excommunication were not to bribe the Apparitor that they might not appeare Also that the Apparitors take no such bribe vnlesse they would lose their places be imprisoned and lyable to seuere punishments This yeare returned Thomas Arundell of Wadour whom the Emperour created Earle of the Holy Empire and all and euery one of his Heires his Posterity and those that shall descend from him lawfully begotten of either sex Earles and Countesses of the Holy Empire for because the Queene in her Letters had commended him as her kinsman and because he had deserued so great an honour in his braue behauiour in the Hungary warre against the Turke This title whosoeuer is master of are said to enioy by vertue thereof these priuiledges that in all Imperiall Diets they haue both place and voyce they may purchase Land in the Empire they may muster vp Voluntaries and need not to appeare being cited to iudgement but onely in the Imperiall Chamber When he after his returne grew somewhat famous among the common people by reason of this Title there arose vpon it a question presently whether a Subiect ought to admit of any such Honour or Title from a forrâ—ine Prince his owne Prince being not acquainted with it There were indeed those that thought that such rewards for valour were to be allowed of from what Prince soeuer they were bestowed by reason that vertue growes lanke without her rewards of merit vrging the example of Henry the third King of England who very thankfully acknowledged Reginald Mohune made Earle of Somerset by the Apostolike authority of the Bishop of â—ome Also of Henry the eight who did so congratulate Robert Curson whom Maximilian the first Emperour had created Lord of the Holy Empire for his warlike valour that he reckoned him amongst his Lords of England and allowed him an annuall pension for the better maintenance of his dignity Besides they vrged some braue Scottish Souldiers as of Archibald Duglasse of Wigtone who receiued the Title of Duke of Tours from the French King and of Iohn Steward who was by the King of France made Earle D' Euereux that the Scottish kings esteemed this as an honour to the Nation But the Lords of England imagining that this would bereaue them and their Heires of some of their prerogatiues if so be they and their Heires were to giue place to such an vpstart Lord and his Heires for euer argued against it thus that such Titles of honour are neither to be receiued by the Subiect nor to be allowed of by the Prince That it is the property of the Prince for to conferre honours vpon his owne Subiects and not for any Forreiner to doe it according to the words of Valerian the Emperour LEt that be onely an Honour which is bestowed by our command Vrging that there is a great detraction both from the Maiesty of the Prince and the dutie of the Subiect if they may be tolerated to receiue Dignities from Forreiners For there must needs be a secret allegiance betweene him that is honoured and the party honouring That these kinde of Titles are nothing else but a cunning sleight to prefer men out of the obedience to their Prince to any strange Forreiner That there may be an action of theft against him that shall brand another mans sheepe with his marke Also that there may be an action of cousenage and deceit against him that shall spread abroad fodder to entice another mans sheep into his flocke And although mighty Princes are not bound to these Lawes yet are they by the equity of these Lawes and the Law of Nature As in the Citie and Common-wealth of Rome no man could be a Citizen of that and any other City whereupon Poâ—peius Atticâ—â— refused to be reckoned as a Citizen of Athens lest he should lose his right in the Citie of Rome So in the Common-wealth both of Venice and Genua whosoeuer receiue a Spirituall diginity from the Pope or any Temporall one from any forreine or strange Prince is held suspected of his Loialty and suspended from the vndertaking of any office publike Concerning the obiections they answered that indeed it might come to passe that Henry the third out of his simplicity and the times iniquity might allow of Reginald Mohune thrust into an Earledome by the Pope when as his Father hauing beene excommunicated and threatned depriuation was compelled to acknowledge himself the tributary King of the Pope of Rome and yet it appeareth vpon Acts and Records of those times that Mohune was not accounted as Earle of Somerset Concerning Henry the eight they made answer that he therefore accounted Curson as one of his Lords that he might obscure that shadowy title of Lord of the Holy Empire but withall obseruing that hee allowed him no voyce in Parliament But as for the Scots that it was no wonder if they receiued and allowed of honour from the French when they shew themselues to bee vnder the tuition of the French Floure-de-luce by their Kings armes and the Floure-de-luce therein Many indeed esteemed an Earle of the sacred Empire of no better ranke then a publike Notary as they esteemed all the Counts and Viscounts of the Holy Palace at Lateran created by the Pope or the Kings Physitians Lawyers Grammarians or Rhetoricians who hauing professed 20. yeares boasted themselues with the title of Count Palatines but we know that the Count Palatine is an honoured title and hath Princely iurisdiction in it's owne courts in Fees and fading heredities THe Queenes censure was that as a woman should not follow any man but her husband so a Subiect should not receiue any thing but from his owne Prince I would not sheepe my should be branded with anothers marke neither would I haue them to