this purpose they met the Danish Commissioners very often and they used all kinde of dexterity and prudence to lay open all those things which for the future might come into controversie on purpose to give the Danes an opportunity to gratifie themselves For what pray could have been more necessary for the Kingdom of Denmark especially as their Affairs then stood if out of sincerity of heart and a reall intention they had made a Peace What more acceptable to God What more glorious in the sight of the whole world then for two Neighbour Kingdoms professing the same Religion together and at the same time to settle a Peace and remove all those causes that for the future might raise up any controversie betwixt them Yet for all this the Danes as if they had been possess'd with a fatall blindeness could never settle their mindes seriously to promote it For though the Swedish Ambassadours offered nothing but what was just in it self and the Danes could not finde any thing to carp at onely they said they spent their pains to no purpose in explaining of that which was clear enough in it self and did plainly express the meaning of the Commissioners yet being urged for the prevention of all mistakes to set down what ever both Parties mutually agreed upon in writing they brought in another form putting such a sense upon the transaction at Roskild Concerning the Swedish ships passing through the Sound as might in part weaken and destroy all the accrewments arising out of the Swedish Ships passing the Sound or Baltick Sea in part much infringe their freedom from Customs which they were of necessity to enjoy by vertue of the Laws and Statutes of the Nation but most especially by reason of the Agreements made at Bromsebroe No man surely unless byassed either by anger or malice that knows the condition and commerce of these Northern Kingdoms can perswade himself that the Swedes who at that time might have acted their pleasure upon the Danes and had power enough to put Laws on their enemies were so blinded as to make their condition worse then it was formerly especially in so nice a point at Passeports and Certificates are the form right and validity of which had with such care and diligence been settled at Bromsebroe You will scarcely too finde any unless delighted to pick Cavils that can put any other interpretation upon the fourth Article of the transaction at Roskild especially these words in the beginning All and every Ship of Swethland with what kinde of Merchandize soever they carry but that all the ships of Sweden with their Merchandize of what sort soever and to whom soever belonging ought to pass freely and without paying any Customs so that they have with them their Pass-ports with the names of the Owners in them if he well consider the following words of the Article Notwithstanding standing these things the Danish Commissioners made a question both of the one and the other as also of many other things that concern the concluding of the Peace and had the confidence to defend it against all likelihood of truth reason the credit of the Records and their knowledge who were never absent at that transaction at Roskild But any man may with good probability affirm And concerning the substance of the whole Treaty at Roskild that the Danes have not voluntarily performed in a manner any thing to which they were oblig'd by the Agreement at Roskild in that they put off most of them to a time not prefix'd nor had ever performed them had not the Affairs of his Sacred Royal Majesty of Sweden arm'd him both with power and opportunity to have constrain'd them It would be too large a story to relate all their crafty Devices Pretences Cavils tedious Diversions and Procrastinations The Danes defer the conclusion according to the news which are bruited against Sweden by which the Danes hop'd they might shift off the conclusion of the Peace and gain time till some emergent Wars or Troubles in other places might withdraw the Swedish Army out of Denmark Therefore they fitted all their Treaties Executive to common Report and News sometimes protracting them as when it was reported that the Muscovite was levying a great Power wherewith he would without doubt assail the Swedes in Finland and Leistand or that the Cossacks had concluded a Peace with the Poles and therefore that the Swedes had small hopes left them to compose their Differences there or that the election of the then King of Hungary to be Emperor of Germany could be no longer delayed who together with the Elector of Brandenburgh would undoubtedly raise Troubles on the Swedes and draw them out of Denmark on the other side sometimes posting on their said Treaties upon contrary reports So that whosoever shall compare the times of their Assemblies according to the tenor of the Protocol may observe that the Danes made shew of intending the concluding of the Peace and to stand to their promises as the severall reports came either that the Electour of Brandenburgh would not be oblig'd by the League made with the King of Hungary against the Swedes or that the Swedish Ambassadour in Russia were restored again to liberty and a War probably to be commenced between the Muscovite and the Pole or that the election of the Emperour at Franckfurt was unexpectedly deferred or that the most Christian King of France together with the Lord Protector of England had worsted the Spanish Army with other matters of the like tendency It was surely tedious enough to be thus born in hand with Treaties but most tedious and offensive that the Danes sought to clear themselves of the causes of all those delayes giving out not onely in Coppenhagen And yet endeavour to lay the fault upon Sweden but in all parts abroad that they had no sooner removed any one obstacle but the Swede still put in another that they might never want a quarrell to continue their Army in Denmark beyond the time agreed for their departure to the utter wasting and ruine of their Countreys But as all those things are false and feign'd so they were alledged by the Danes to no other purpose but that they might charge the Swedes with the fault of all their Procrastinations and as far as they could be believed render the Swedes odious to the world Thence also it was that as soon as the Ambassadors came to Coppenhagen the Danes were not ashamed to accuse the Swedes both by words and writing of not keeping the Peace and renewed the same Complaints again not onely to them but to his Sacred Royall Majesty of Sweden himself by Owen Juul at Gothenburgh and that contrary to all reason by wresting the Conditions to their own advantage directly contrary to the precise words and tenor of the Agreement as hereafter shall more largely be discovered Nor doth this seem to be done without some crafty intention that the Danish Commissioners having heard that
A REMONSTRANCE OF HIS Sacred Royal Majesty OF SWEDEN Unfolding the GROUNDS and CAUSES whereby His said Majesty was constrained to continue the WAR brought on him by the King and Kingdom of DENMARK After the PEACE was ratified at Roskild But neither Pursu'd nor duly Observ'd by the DANES Anno 1658. LONDON Printed by R. Wood for D. Pakeman and are to be sold at his Shop at the Sign of the Rain-bow in Fleet-street 1659. HIS MAJESTY OF SWEDENS Remonstrance Declaring the Reasons that forc'd him to continue the WAR with DENMARK after the Treaty at Roskild THere are principally two things which cannot but affect any man with wonder that shall without partiality weigh and observe the course and carriage of this War betwixt the Swedes and Danes to wit the singular moderation which his Sacred Royal Majesty of Sweden to his Princely Renown hath expressed and approved to the World and on the other side the extreme Ingratitude whereby the Nation of Denmark hath deservedly contracted a foul and lasting infamy For when the most Serene his Majesty of Sweden The Danish practices against Sweden was by mature and weighty Reasons drawn forth to a War against Poland and that he fail'd not of such success as usually accompany just undertakings the Danes grew streightwayes maliciously affected to our Victories deeming our Acquists to be their loss and detriment nor could they contain or forbear to publish these envious Passions but they must be practising with the the States of Holland to give some check to the progress of the Swede in Prussia with Holland at least they readily granted a free passage to the States Fleet through the Sound contrary to their Faith given to us and also joyn'd with them as many of their own men of War as they had in readiness and that to no other purpose but onely to second the cross and sinister Designs of the Dantzickers with the Dantzickers and to heighten and embitter the Pole against the Swede And though this might have serv'd for a sufficient testimony of their meaning to us yet they held it too scant unless they had also urg'd the Muscovite to make a War on the Swedes and with the Muscovites propounding the goodliest Christian Provinces as a booty to the exquisite Cruelties of barbarous Nations Nor was the Play acted under a mask as by men asham'd to own their parts but they sent a pompous Embassy to congratulate the coming of the Muscovite into Liefland solemnly exhorting him constantly to stick to and effectually to prosecute so worthy a Design His most Serene Majesty of Sweden having been duly regardful to that Amity The Swedish dealing with the Dane to prevent a breach which his Neighborhood and Confederacy with the Danes required to prevent any perverse opinion that might be raised on his preparation for War had in due season directed his Resident in the Danish Court to unfold his Majesties purpose and for what reasons he was constrain'd to take up Ams against the Poles Which Reasons appear'd so sufficient and just to the Danish King He acquaints him with his enterprize against Poland and proposeth a Treaty for the Confirmation of ancient Leagues by his Resident as Plenipotentiary that he profess'd never to impede or thwart his Design but rather he seem'd to wish the Expedition prosperous And for as much as it seem'd for the behoof of these Northern Kingdoms to joyn in a straiter bond of Friendship his Majesty hath on his part neglected nothing that might conduce to the effecting and establishing thereof which seemed also fully prepar'd and ripe when the Danes purposing nothing less then the confirmation of it objected certain Grievances first to be removed Which when the Swedish Plenipotentiary suspecting nothing desired them to propound Which the Dane disappoints after many delayes they retrive their old complaints of Injuries committed by the Subjects of Sweden to the prejudice of their Customs of the Sound But when he had easily demonstrated the groundless vanity of this and what else was alledg'd the Danes could no longer hold but laying aside the vizor plainly urg'd to be discharg'd of the Covenants made at Bromsebroe by endeavouring to make void the treaty Bromsebroe The Swedish Commissioner after so many fruitless Demonstrations and Protestations being tyr'd with their jugling and perceiving that the Danes had precluded all means of confirming the League Whereupon the Swedish Resident retires took his leave of the King and most of the Peers of the Kingdom and departed referring the Debate of those pretended Grievances to a meeting of the Senators of both Kingdoms then shortly to be held on the Borders according to the custom of those Northen People He was scarce departed Coppenhagen The Danes seize upon Swedish ships when three Swedish ships coming from Portugal were detain'd and made prize by the Danes in the Sound and presently after the Inhabitants of Breme and Pomerania are sollicited to renounce their Allegiance hood-wink'd with a specious promise of Liberty Sollicit Bremen and Pomerania to Rebellion as a reward of their impiety Immediately after War was denounced and an herald to that purpose sent into Sweden but one whose otherwise sacred administration was profan'd by a Libell And denounce War which declaring such frivolous and foul Causes of the said War in so virulent a strain as never before was known to pass betwixt Kings rendred those Causes yet more weak and contemptible Indeed he received his deserv'd censure by publique Authority and the Danes themselves some time after acknowledged the shamefulness of the thing so that in the Treaty at Roschild they condemned it but whereas it holds out the departure of the Swedish Commissioner from Coppenhagen as the occasion of the ensuing War therein they add foul Impudence to Malice Which was contrived long before the Residents departture For the Papers of Andr. Bille chief Generall to the King of Denmark which came to our hands on the possessing of Fredericks Ode and the Isle of Fuhnen are more then sufficient proof how long before his departure this War was decreed and that they were most studious to contrive meanes of hastening his departure This publique Invective against the Swedes Nation was seconded by private calumny the Peers of Denmark reckoning it great glory and merit to abound in tart Reproaches contending for a mastery in scurrility with their poor and fordid eloquence So great a matter it seems it was to unsheath a pen against the Swedes and he that was the best proficient in scoffing and detraction thereby presum'd himself to be the worthiest Patriot The were the Danish Soldiers powr'd into the Countreys of Sweden And soon after broke out discovering every where much impotent rage especially in the Dukall part of Holstein and Breme which together with the rest of Sweden they had long since swallowed in hopes but Divine Vengeance staid not long but stroak such
of a strait League between those two Northern Countreys whereof they gave them sufficient hopes Moreover some further Articles were consented to And private Articles were agreed upon Letter M. Letter M. which were privately concluded the Dane so desiring it yet were enforced with the like authority that the former had by the subsciptions of those honourable Mediatiours and the Commissioners We might observe the same candor in the Danes with the above noted about the beginning of the Treaties at Tostrup when in their Project they used for the most part ambiguous terms onely to the end that they might reserve to themselves matter sufficient to wrest them in the future to a sense injurious to us in the mean time colourably affirming that their sense was the same with what the words of the Swedes Commissioners carried But this appear'd yet more manifest at Roskild and chiefly in that the Danes at the making of their Protocoll or Registry were found guilty of that which in the Cornelian Law de falsis is under a very sharp penalty restrained For when the Swedish Commissioners in comparing the Projects of the Instrument of Peace Yet the Danes do falsifie the Articles had observed amongst other things that the Danes had not alwayes in perspicuous terms express'd the sense of the Swedish Projects they not onely desired upon that ambiguity the Danes exposition but also that no stop might be put to the behoofful Work of Peace they were content upon condition their verball explication might for the better caution be inserted in the Protocoll or Registry lest by a different interpretation some controversie might arise between these Northern Nations in succeeding times Yea to the end the certainty might be clear and manifest the Swedes in many things of chiefest moment did dictate to the Danish Pens the sense of each party Hence it was that the Swedes were the more facile and were content to conform to the expressions of the Danes in many places of their Projects Yet contrary to our hopes we afterwards found that the Danes dealt very disingenuously herein notoriously depraving the Protocoll or Registry as shall in its proper place hereafter appear But whatsoever there is of this would signifie little since by vertue of the Peace made all miscarriages befor and in the Treaty were to be buried in oblivion had they not after the Peace concluded renewed matter of jealousie and distempers And give cause of jealousie after the peace concluded stifling that mutuall confidence that should have been reviv'd and restor'd betwixt the two Kings In the mean time his S. R. M. of Sweden understanding that the Treaties at Roskild were in a manner drawn to a conclusion commands part of his Army to march to Wordinburgh part to Corsoer that they might pass over into Jutland and Fuhnen before the ice was thaw'd When the Swede had given order for a march out of Zealand Count Tot was ordered to prepare for his departure to Schonen to take possession in his Majesties name of those Towns and Castles that were to be surrendred by the Danes But the News had scarcely come to the King of Sweden being yet at Ringsted of the finall conclusion of the Peace when there posted to him Owen Juull from Coppenhagen with Letters Credentiall from the King of Denmark By reason that he refuses to deliver the Forts in Schonen according to agreement offering onely Elsingburg an inconsiderable place informing amongst other things that the King could not render his Forts up in Schonen so soon as was expected for that it was impossible by reason it began to thaw to bring the Swedish Army out of Sealand yet that he was ready to deliver up the Castle at Helsingburgh without delay for his security And that they might the more cleanly impose upon the Swedes he pretended that the King of Denmark had not means enough to maintain those Garrison Souldiers in Schonen whilest the Swedish Army remained in Sealand Nor would the said Juul desift from that pretence although the King of Sweden undertook to make provision for those Souldiers Wherefore his Majesty of Sweden dismiss'd the Agent with such Answer as suited with the present state of Affairs and was not a little moved therewith it being easie to guess what the Danes then designed For what security could he promise himself with his Army in an Island void of all defence if those Fortresses in Schonen were denied him He had been wholly at the Danes disposall and might have been brought to utmost extremities if the Danes had found aid from abroad And this was the suggestion of Beuningen then Ambassadour from the States of Holland into Denmark who made them solemn promise At the perswasion of Beuningen upon assurance of supplies from Holland that if the surrendry of those Forts could be delay'd upon that pretence they should have sufficient supplies brought into Denmark for their relief as soon as the sea was navigable Adding further if they were distress'd for money he would procure them a large supply whereof also as the report went he gave them some earnest in lending them money at the present Thereupon the King of Sweden recall'd his Army with all haste which was gone part to Wordinburgh Whereupon the Swede recalls his army Then the Dane condescends to surrender Schonen Letter N. part to Corsoer having sent his Secretary Ehrenstein to Roskild with strict Injunction to the Commissioners for preventing all occasion the Danes might use to make deniall that there should be a particular Recess appointed concerning the rendition of Schonen Letter N. To which when the Danish Commissioners had easily consented for they had proceeded so far in words before the Swedish Army made ready once more to march away But then the Frost slackned And when the Swedish Army was to march the second time the weather slackens Letter O. and the Ice was not able to bear so great a weight and the rather for that five or six dayes had elaps'd in sending and recalling the Army And now his Majesty of Sweden desir'd to return into his Countrey when Letters are brought him from the Danish King Letter O. wherein was contained not onely the confirmation of what hath been said of the Rendition at Schonen but also he himself was invited into the Castle of Fredericksburgh to a personall conference Which latter part was also seconded by two of his chief Peers sent to Roskild And the two Kings meet personally in great confidence The King mislik'd it not and therefore came with a small attendance It was remarkable what great confidence each King had of the other and hard to say which of the two was most forward to give credit to the other whether the King of Sweden were more confident who adventur'd himself with so small a guard among the Danes that were more numerous or the King of Denmark who adventur'd his Person out of his Metropolis whilest the
and are partly manifest by conferring the Swedish and Danish projects we shall pass them over Letter R onely reciting what was the main cause of breaking off that Treaty In the Third Article of the transactions at Roskild The cause of the breaking off of that private Treaty amongst other things it was provided that the Kingdoms of Sweden and Denmark should joyntly endeavour to impead the passage of any Fleet of War through the Sound itno the Baltick Sea to the end that the King and Kingdom of Sweden together with the Kingdom of Denmark might preserve their power and command which they have alwayes joyntly held to this day in the Baltick Sea and from all prescription have reteined inviolate against all Opposers of what kinde or under what pretence soever The occasion of this caution was not onely a negotiation some years since carried on by a Resident of Poland at the Hague touching a League then to be made between the King of Poland The Danes having violared the former Treaties and the States of the united Provinces of which this was one main drift that a Dutch Fleet of War should be equipped and sent into the Baltick Sea but also the Fleet that was sent in the year 1656. contrary to the Priviledge of these Northern Kingdoms though by consent of the King of Denmark as Joynt Commander and that not onely sent through the Sound to relieve and supply the enemies of the King of Sweden by bringing in a forreign Navy into the Baltick Sea but also enforc'd by some of the Danes Men of War contrary to the Faith both of his word and writing to a great and generall mischief Which to prevent for the future and to stop the claim of any other Nations who might seek to send any Fleet into the Baltick Sea pretending a consent of one of the Joynt-Commanders of that Sea the Swedes found it necessary most effectually to oblige the King of Denmark not onely from any such consent in the future but also that whensoever any Fleet should endeavour to pass in the dislike of either of those Kings the other should joyntly oppose their passage Which the Swede would prevent in time to come For it was the intent of his S. R. M. of Sweden in case he should at any time make War upon his Enemies to secure all things behinde him and especially Sea-ward nor to permit that any State by the like Attempts in future should challenge a passage by prescription in the wrong and prejudice of those Northern Kingdoms But it is not materiall to discover at large that the Command of the Baltick Sea and consequently the power and right of prohibiting any Fleet of War doth joyntly belong to these two Kingdoms since there was never yet any dispute thereof between the said Kingdoms neither have either of the Kings at any time interposed when the other hath used or claimed his power against Intruders We have an example of this in that Renowned King of Swedes the great Gustavus Adolphus who was never controul'd or resisted whilest he destroyed that Fleet which the Duke of Fridland had provided in the Baltick Sea under the Commission of the German Emperour Ferdinand the Second In the like manner when Christian the Fourth King of Denmark gave chase to a ship which under Commission from the King of Poland would have exacted Customs near the City of Dantzick the King of Swedes never expressed any dislike The same thing is likewise testified at large by the severall writings of those Kings then published Sure it is that the Swedes might yield to the Danes desires that the third Article of the transaction of Roskild as also at Tostrup was set down in this form That no Enemy should be permitted to send a Fleet of War into the Baltick Sea But in this sense as the Danish Commissioners themselves expounded it that no forreign Fleet under what pretence soever should pass into the said Sea though not esteem'd enemy to one of the Nations and that in this case Forreign and Enemy were words Synonimous and equivalent Hence it was that to make it the more apparent in the said third Article those two appellations went together chiefly because the Danes pretended the word Enemy must therefore be added lest other States might thence apprehend matter of dislike or suspition But indeed the Danes who in their own Right and also by vertue of the Agreement at Roskild were oblig'd to jovn with his Majesty of Sweden in prohibiting all forreign Fleets from the Baltick Sea to preserve themselves from a publique guilt of violating the Peace steer'd a quite contrary course and that they might put a stop upon the procedes of the Swedes successes in War But the Danes seek to elude used all artifice to extricate and acquit themselves from that obligation Which to accomplish they thought a fit opportunity presented it self in the debates of the League wherein they might slyly elude and change that absolute Covenant of excluding forreign Fleets from the Baltick Sea into a Conditionall one or to speak plainly to defer it to a day and time not at all prefix'd For although that often cited third Article of the transaction at Roskild doth clearly affirm that either of these confederate Kings was bound not onely by all means possible to hinder the passage of any Forreign Fleet of War by the Sound into the Baltick Sea but also that no other Prince besides the said Kings should presume to furnish or use any Fleet of War in that Sea By limitting the third Article at their pleasure to have this sense yet the Danish Commissioners had the confidence to limit that Obligation in their Projects that it was to be understood when those Wars the Swede was now engag'd in should be ended and that not till then they were oblig'd to the performance as it evidently appears by the fourth and fifth Article of the Danish Projects last by them produced But this possibly might be pass'd by had they not abus'd the true and evident meaning with forc'd interpretations For whereas the Swedish Ambassadours did plainly demonstrate that that added condition or to speak truly the delaying of mutual aid was needless for that there was no intent to involve the Kingdom of Denmark in the Wars the Swedes then had in hand but rather the promis'd Assistance was onely Naval consisting in a certain definite number of ships sufficiently appointed which the Kingdom of Sweden could not stand in need of neither against the Muscovite Pole nor Emperour of Germany then King of Hungary and Bohemia forasmuch as none of these were powerful at Sea and that the League had reference onely to those who being no neighbours to the Baltick Sea should attempt to infringe the just Dominion of those Kings To which the Danes gave this answer That no Forreigner during the Swedes Wars with the Muscovite Pole or the House of Austria of the Imperial Line would dare
of Trundheim excepting that which belongs to the Jurisdiction of Norland specifically so called and Wardhuse was granted with the Jurisdiction of Trundheim But after when the Ambassador opened the Protocol he found these words written By the Jurisdiction of Trundheim Compared with the Danish all those things are understood to be granted which appertain to that Jurisdiction from which notwithstanding those are expresly excepted that belong to the Jurisdiction of Norland and Wardhuse Where a childe may perceive a notorious tautologie and so a great fault unless one will make his business to be understandingly mad For pray what kinde of explication would that be By the Jurisdiction of Trundheim is understood all that which appertains to that Jurisdiction truly a very silly one or rather none at all or how can the Jurisdiction of Norland and Wardhuse be excepted from Trundheim which never yet were comprehended under it Whence it must necessarily follow that the Bishoprick of Trundheim was mentioned in that those two before-named Jurisdictions excepted from the Grant are subject to that Bishoprick But by whose negligence or falseness it was that in the place of Bishoprick the word Jurisdiction was put into the Danish Protocol is not proper now to enquire But what ever this be though in the mean time to wit in July there was newes come that the Lordship of Rumsdhall was delivered up to the Swedes Deputies yet the Danes did not relish it well that the Swedes Ambassadors should as we said before put in writing the Article concerning the appertenances of the Jurisdiction of Trundheim and that for no other reason but that they might have hereafter an occasion to complain either that that Jurisdiction was granted by mistake or wrested away by violence As it fell out in the case of those two Parishes Idre and Jerne into the possession of which the Danes put the Swedes as also of Jempterland and Herndahlen after the Peace in the Year 1645 and yet they were not ashamed lately to alledge the injustice of taking them away as the cause of their War You may easily collect that we were to expect the same dealing in this too from the words of Jonas Juul Envoy of the King of Denmark into Poland spoken at Berlin where he did confidently assert that the Danes might easily take an advantage from the controversie about Rumsdhall to make a new War upon the Swedes But we must proceed to grosser matters yet For if ever there were any thing Another cause of difference was the Custom which the Danes used to take of the ships passing through the Sound belonging to Sweden that for these seventy years and upwards hath embroil'd these neighboring people in a War it was certainly that Custom that the Danes use to take of those ships that pass through the Sound the burthen of which the Swedes would never yet submit to Denmark hath had sufficient experience of that to their great loss and especially in the War made in 1643. which was undertaken principally because the Danes exacted Customs of the Swedes But the Danes could never be so far mended by beating as to deal more warily for the future For though by the fourth Article of the Transaction at Roskild it was agreed that all the ships properly belonging to the Subjects of the Kingdom of Sweden in what place soever they live Contrary to express Agreements at Roskild so that they have with them their Passeports called commonly Sea Brieff which use to mention the Owner of the ships ought to remain free with all the Lading in them from all Custom Inquisition Search and other such kinde of troubles they which were the King of Denmarks Commissioners of the Customes in the Sound at Helsingore took no notice of it at all but not onely exacted Customs of the ships belonging to Stetin and Stralsund and of other Merchandize properly belonging to the Subjects of the Kingdom of Sweden in Pomerania and Liefland but detained some of those ships for some dayes time insomuch that onely in the moneth of May as is well known they broke this Priviledge eight times Nay the Danes were not asham'd to exact Customs of the Wines that were allotted for his Sacred Royal Majesty of Swedens Court and his chief Ministers as appears to have been done on the 16. day of May at Helsingore All which for brevity sake we will adde in their order to this work Letter PP Letter P P. But when the Ministers of Sweden objected to the Commissioners of the Danish Customs that they had violated their Agreements they answered that they knew no other Agreements but those of Bromsebroe nor had they received any command to let the Swedish ships pass upon any other terms then formerly Which excuse as they had often at other times made they had the confidence to make yet again on the sixth day of July to be silent of other breaches of the Articles of Bromsebroe confirm'd at Roskild which they committed in this business lately after the Peace was made Indeed they made restitution of some of those things they had wrongfully extorted Which the Danes took no care to put in execution but not of all nor those neither until they were urg'd by the Swedish Ambassadors But if the Danes had really intended to have stood to those Agreements at Roskild they would have taken greater care in an Affair of that difficulty Nevertheless as if it had been a slight matter they had in hand the Danish Senators never gave so much as a Copy of the Agreements at Roskild to the Commissioners of the Customs or any other direction how they should use the Swedes ships for the future but left the whole business to some old crafty Custom-house Men to the great injury both of the Swedes Honor and the sacred observancy of Agreements What could any one now expect of the Danes for the future that dar'd to commit such kind of enormities when the Swedish Army was yet in the bowels of their Kingdom and his Majesties Ambassadors staied at Coppenhagen urging the conclusion of the Peace and all those Articles were fresh in their memory which were lately made at Coppenhagen upon weighing and considering of all circumstances so that it is so much the more wonderfull that the Danes should be so negligent in ordering a matter of so great concernment But it is probable that the Danes did it in regard they were weary of the Transaction at Roskild and so made it their business to render themselves guilty of the breach of it and in case it should not fall out some other way they perswaded themselves that this business would at last tire out the Swedes patience For there is much in the meaning of the words of Peter Reetze a Senator of the Kingdom of Denmark But rather seemed willing to make the Swedish freedom from paying Custom an occasion of a future breach which he spake openly at Coppenhagen at a meeting of the
very act bound upon request made to give his assistance if any run away for the apprehending of them the Danes were much more oblig'd of their own accord to have forc'd those souldiers which they delivered to them to their duty if they had had the least respect to friendship or neighbourhood We need not abound in words The Danes were not onely pleas'd that their Horsemen would not follow the Swedish Camp but did seem tacitely to command them to this deserting us For it is likely that those souldiers were not bound to the service by oath onely for this end that in case there should arise any scruple of conscience about it it might easily be resolved upon remembrance that they were as yet bound by oath to the King of Denmark Nor free those that were sent from the Oath of former Allegiance by Proclamation especially in regard they were so often call'd upon to discharge those Horse-men by publick Proclamation from their former allegiance and still put it off But for all this the Swedish Ambassadours persisted still in their often demands of the 1060. Horse which were wanting but never received any other answer but that it was impossible in the condition Denmark was then in that so many compleat Horse-men could be put in arms But the Ambassadours that knew the contrary well enough urg'd them further yet withal being willing to rest satisfied if instead of those thousand Horse they would suddenly send them onely 500. Horse and a 1000. Musquetiers For his most Serene Majesty of Sweden thought this to be a lesser burthen to the Danes as he himself affirm'd to Owen Juul at Gothenburgh But they instead of the 1000. Musquetiers promised 500. Dragoons who being drawn from the Plough to the Sword could give us no great hopes of staying long with their Colours Upon which account when the Swedes refused them the Danes promised that they would send command to Eberstein Camp-master General to deliver those 1000. Horse without any further delay upon the departure of the Swedish Army out of Holstein But there was poison in the tail of it and the Danes were in hopes that if the Swedish Army had once moved they would not put a stop upon their march though they should not receive those 1000. Horse-men When his Sacred Royal Majesty of Sweden therefore who knew well enough that there were not so many Horse-men in all the Regal Holstein had fully by his Ambassadours affirm'd the same to the Danish Ministers and press'd very urgently that some might be chose out of the Troups that were in Sealand And when at last 500. Horse-men were sent 100. of them left their Colours viz. such as were Danes by birth when they saw no way to evade it they ordered at last that Gyldenlow should deliver him 500. Horse-men in Jutland and Eberstein the rest in Holstein Gyldenlow did his part first yet in such a manner that before they were conducted from Colding to Kiele above 100. of those 500. Horse left their Colours to wit all that were Danes by birth Hence it is no wonder that his most Serene Majesty of Sweden would not accept of any Dane amongst the 600. that were yet to be delivered to him because it might very well be feared that they were all well skill'd in the game of cheating the Swedes But Eberstein us'd more delayes and at first signified to Count Wrangell by Letters that he received a command from the King to deliver him 500. Dragoons not Troupers but afterwards upon complaint made by the Swedish Ambassadours to the Danes after a second command he presented to them 300. Troupers but for the most part ragged and tatter'd and ill arm'd which at first the Deputies of his Majesty of Sweden would not accept of chiefly because the number allotted them was not compleated but afterwards Generall Boddeker accepted of about 400. Horse from Eberstein when they were offered him a second time not as making up the number but because he thought it policy by this means to weaken the Danes Forces in case they should prove our enemies But though the Danish Commissioners took much pains to perswade the Swedish Ambassadours that there were not above 400. Troupers maintain'd in all Denmark yet his most Serene Majesty knew how grosly in this they went against the truth as afterwards the event proved it when about the entring of the Swedish Army into Sealand it plainly appeared that there were many more then were to be delivered to his Majesty of Sweden Concerning Prisoners the 19. It was agreed concerning Prisoners all to be set at liberty without Ransom Article of the Agreements at Roskild had made this provision that immediately after the Peace made all should be set at liberty without any Ransome But as if the Danes thought it a thing commendable in them to put delayes on us the Governour of the Castle of Bremer Vorden would not set at liberty the Swedish Officers that were prisoners with him though urg'd to it again and again by the Counsell of State at Bremer Vorden pretending that he knew nothing of a Peace between the Northern Kingdoms and granting it were so that those things which the two Kingdoms had joyntly ordered did not concern him that he acknowledged no other power but from his Majesty of Denmark and that he could not set his Prisoners at liberty But the Governour of Bremer Vorden did not observe this agreement till he received a command from his Majesty to that purpose At last when the Swedish Ambassadours shew'd the Danish Commissioners the injustice of this action especially in regard the Swedes had been so forward in this point they were dismiss'd by the Kings command but long after the time appointed for it This is an argument of vast negligence in the Danes that they as if it were a May game should not in due time signifie to their Ministers what duty laid upon them to the execution of the late made Peace Just so when the foresaid Governour of the Castle of Bremer-Vorden had warning Nor did he deliver up the Castle at the time appointed that his time of quitting of it was near not onely complained as formerly that he had no command for it but besides took care for all kinde of grain and provision as if it were to keep out a long siege sparing no costs and much at his own charge too though otherwise a very penurious man And as if he had been afraid that he should not raise suspicions bad enough he gave further cause of suspicion by his ambiguous speeches and words of doubtful meaning saying That there was no necessity for him to quit the Castle that by reason he had been used to the Wars he was unwilling to leave them off and if happily the King of Denmark were weary of the War But seemed resolved to keep it by force yet that there were other Kings and Princes for whose service he might keep that Castle
Letter T T. doth more fully show Letter T T. with all the circumstances of it Upon this the Swedish Ambassadours received command from his Majesty being then at Flensburgh not onely speedily to make up that point that concerns the African Company but further to urge Whereupon the Swede threatens not to march with his Army out of Denmark till the African Company was satisfied that the Danes should without any more delay make just satisfaction to the foresaid company or otherwise his Sacred Royal Majesty would not march his Army out of Denmark or if so be that restitution could not so soon be made they should take good and certain security before the removall of the Army for sure and true payment and restitution of these places they had seized at the time prefixed And indeed the Swedes had very great reason to look circumspectly in this affair in regard that it was plain enough by their dismissing of Carloffe that the Danes never heartily resolv'd to make reparations of the losses the faithfull subjects of Sweden had susteined especially when there were so many several circumstances besides that might give the Swedes just cause to suspect the Danes injustice and perverseness in this business Amongst which this was none of the least that Carloffe was reported to have sworn those Souldiers which he had placed in Garrison in the Castles of Guine not to the King of Denmark Letter U U. but himself Letter VV. and he with the greatest part of his prize had withdrawn himself from the Danish Jurisdiction and put himself under the protection of another Lord. But the damage that the Swedish Company susteined was valued to be above 300000. Rixdollars besides the Castle of Capo-Cors and other Forts and Merchants houses built and enjoyed by the Swedes of all which restitution ought to have been made This was shew'd the Danes and the Swedish Ambassadours did propound to avoid for the future all dissentions and differences that might arise about the number and quantity of the moveable goods that were taken away that a certain summe of money should be agreed upon as just and equitable which the loss susteined by the Swedish Company should be rated at from which should be deducted what ever could here in Europe or else there in Africk be restored in specie but yet according to the common rate that commodities did bear at that place and time when the restitution should be made And thence it was that the summe of 400000. Rixdollars was put in the foresaid Swedish Project not that the Swedish Ambassadours would rigidly and peremptorily stick upon that summe but as a summe of which something might be agreed on or remitted as was shew'd and told to the French Ambassadour as soon as the Project was first mentioned Nor could they justly be found fault withal in that they desired real security upon pawn given it being a thing customary and usuall betwixt Princes and chiefly done for that end that the debtour may be the stronglier bound to pay his debt and redeem his pawn Nor could that giving of pawn be any damage to the Danes had they resolv'd to pay the moneys they promis'd without any fraud at the time appointed because it was in the Danes power to make over such goods in security to the Swedes as might be appointed to them according to the commodity of their scituation and where there were no places of defence But how just soever the things were that were desired they relished not well with the Danes whose whole labour was to avoid and shift themselves off from that business by wasting time not considering what they had so roundly confess'd in the name of the most Serene the King of Denmark concerning the genuine sense of the Eleventh Article of the agreements at Roskild but making use of these reasons following and first The Danes alledge reasons why no restitution is to be made to the Guine Company of that which H. Carloffe had taken that they could pretend no right to those goods that were taken away in Guine in regard it is certain that they were brought into Port before the pacification of Tostrup perswading themselves that a Port in Africk in this case was equivalent to a Port of Denmark and that therefore no doubt or controversie ought to be made about the Danes possession of those things they had taken away though they were brought to Denmark or to Holstein after the Transaction at Tostrup no more then the Danes could pretend a right to the ship called Delmenhorst which was seized by Count Wrangel high Admiral of Denmark not far from Corsoer in a Danish Port but could not be brought to a Swedish Port before the transaction at Tostrup The Danish Commissioners further urg'd that they were bound by vertue of the Fourteenth Article of the Agreements at Roskild to make restitution of nothing but onely the Forts in Guine in regard all other things remaining there as guns ships gold and other merchandize were to be accounted moveables which in a Continent and a Port were by the right of War together with the Fort yielded up and in the power of the King of Denmark Thirdly They endeavored to assert that Carloffe was not to be accounted such a man as onely takes prize by a private Commission but a real Officer of War of the King of Denmark's lawfully authorized and expresly commanded to seize upon the foresaid places and to bring away their merchandize for the service of the King of Denmark Fourthly They said that according to the clause of the Eleventh Article of the Agreements at Roskild Restitution ought not to be made of those Goods that Carloffe in the name of the King of Denmark took away in the Continent or in the Port because there is onely mention made of such Goods as might have been taken by those that had a publick Commission and fought in the Kings service in the open Sea as the word Prize shewes which must onely be understood of Ships and cannot be extended to such things as are taken away in the Continent and therefore that those things which Carloffe had done were not to be accounted among them On the other side the Swedish Ambassadors did produce more and clearer arguments The Swedish reply to those Arguments to show that the pretence which they made to those Goods that were taken and seized in the time of War at Guine had not it's foundation so much in the difference which according to common acceptation might be one thing in an Officer of War and another thing in him that sets out a Ship at his own charge and makes prize onely by vertue of a publick Commission as in the express agreement made in this business at Roskild For as exceptions would infringe Lawes and set up a new Rule according to which those things that are agreed on must be guided so in this case we ought rather to consider what both parties agreed on
salute was to be performed to the Castle of Croneburgh by the Swedish ships yet so that the Danish ships were not bound to observe the same honour to the Castle of Helsinburgh This truly were to deny the Swedes the superiority in Schonen which the Danes arrogated to themselves in Sealand as if the Swedes had not the same right in their possession of Schonen as the Danes have in Sealand From thence too it was that the Danes after the Agreements at Roskild took the boldness to exact the giving of warning if any Swedish Fleet passed the Sound And the giving of warning when a Swedish Fleet did pass the Sound which the Agreements at Bromsebroe do determine little considering that there was a necessity of it onely then when the Danes were Masters of both sides of the Strait But because the Swedish Ambassadours made an Agreement with the Danish Commissioners about these businesses we think it more convenient to pass them by in silence But though it appears manifestly enough from those things we have laid down before that the Danes suffered nothing to be wanting in them that might adde any thing to the delaying the execution of the Peace or to speak more truly Yet the Danes boldly accuse the Swedes as if they had broken the agreements partly by denying their promises partly by ambiguous interpretations that they betrayed themselves to be in their hearts utterly against and averse to the observation of the Agreements yet they took the boldness to lay the guilt of that crime to the Swedes delighting much to make them whom nature had given to be their neighbours partakers of their crime For when not long after the conclusion of the Peace the Letters which the Danish Ministers sent to their King out of Germany were intercepted and broke open in the Dukedom of Sleswick By the occasion of some Letters intercepted which were directed to the Danish Court and printed and part of them afterwards printed without any regard that the most Serene the King of Sweden had by his Letters patents fully granted security and free passage every where to all publique Postes going and coming then the Danes greedily catch'd at that occasion to make complaints that the Swedes in this had grosly violated their Covenants But how irrational and groundless this was will easily appear by the full Narrative of the Fact For thus the case stands There came one out of Germany a Servant Whereof a particular account is given as we found him to be afterwards of some Danish Minister who upon his petition had got a Pass at Gottorp from the most Serene the Duke of Holstein this fellow was suspected by his Highness Philip Prince Palatine General of the Swedish Horse who had received intimation that there was one posting into Denmark with Letters from the King of Hungary and Electour of Brandenburgh containing in them plots and contrivances destructive to the Kingdom of Sweden and the more in regard he would tell no body of what condition he was Whereupon his foresaid Highness Prince Palatine gave command to an Officer who was Governour of Flensburgh to stop him in his passage there and to enquire of him who he was whence he came and what he carried with him For he had two Portmantles or Cloak-bags There he betrayed his business by making doubtful answers and such as did not well hang together and being ask'd what he carried in those Portmantles he said that in one there was Letters in the other things for him to wear But because they gave no credit to what the fellow said they look'd into one of them in which he said there was no Letters where they found contrary to what he had said instead of things to wear very many Letters which afterwards being broken up at Fuhnen were sent to his Majesty of Sweden being then at Gothenburgh His most Serene Majesty without whose privity and command all these things were done having lighted upon those Letters by chance especially seeing they were written at that time Shewing how the Austrians Brandenburgers and Danes did correspond against the Swede when as yet there were great enmities betwixt these Northern Kingdoms was pleased to cause some of them to be printed that the world might see what the Austrians and Brandenburgh had in their hearts and what he could promise himself of such an outside friendship and pretences of security Besides this not long before it was given out both by Letters and Messengers from Denmark that the most Serene the King of Sweden had by reason the Forts were denied him in Schonen gathered his Army together again and proscuted the War so that from thence his Highness the Prince Palatine who knew nothing of the composition but by reports had cause sufficient to detain the man All which matters of import being well considered with their circumstances will very easily acquit the King of Sweden from the crime of violating the Peace who onely granted safe passage to publick Curriers but not to any one that came out of suspected and enemies quarters especially seeing he never profess'd himself to be a Currier of the King of Denmarks or of any of the Danish Ministers and had indeed got a Pass of the most Serene the Duke of Holstein but no other then in the common form that they use to have who go journeys But there were not any contrivances of the Danes divulg'd That the Swedes did not divulge any Danish contrivances made after the peace concluded which by the Peace lately made with the Swedes either were of no effect or ought to be so but of other enemies of Sweden without any injury to the Nation of Denmark Much lesse did the Swedish Ambassadours urge any things that were new Nor did the Swedish Ambassadors urge any new thing or not agreeing with the Treaty at Roskild or that did not well agree with the Treaties at Roskild but such things indeed they did as the Danes by their sinister interpretations gave them an occasion for and which were thought to adde much weight to the better explaining of the Instrument of Peace Which things upon that account his most Serene Majesty of Sweden laid open in April to Owen Juul Ambassadour of the King of Denmark at Gothenburgh willing the same to be done by his Deputies Let. DDD Let. DDD to which purpose he sent like commands to his Ambassadours that resided at Coppenhagen Unless they will call that new which was treated on at Coppenhagen about the making restitution of those ships that were taken away in the time of the War from the Subjects of Sweden in lieu of those that were seiz'd on in Fuhnen and other Ports of Denmark Sure that was for the advantage of the Danes who for restoring of one received ten To speak nothing of a mutual covenant by vertue of which that ought to have been so performed Nor can that Article of Oblivion be accounted new Nor
in the Provinces yielded to the Swedes from observing their Oath The eleventh in not restoring three Swedish ships with their Cargo's as also other things taken from the Swede before the War was proclaimed and in refusing to satisfie the great depredations made by Carloffe in Guine and likewise the Goods taken from Count Konigsmark and others by violence although the very persons that did it were well enough known The fourteenth In prohibiting the carrying away the warlike provision that was laid in store in Anholm a Jurisdiction in Laland The sixteenth In not compleating that promised supply of 2000. Horse nor quitting Bremer Vorden at the time limitted The seventeenth By endeavouring by sundry disputes and contestations to bereave the Souldiery of their due maintenance and so to make the Swedes guilty of breach of faith The nineteenth In not releasing the persons by the time prefix'd And lastly in as much as they have in no wayes performed the private Article His most Serene Majesty was forc'd to betake himself again to his Arms and since the Peace he had till then made could scarce be term'd a Peace the conditions and grounds thereof being very little observed to continue the War he had begun till the Senators of Denmark should return to fairer carriage and proceedings For which reason also it was needless solemnly to denounce War since the Danes knew right well what Peace-breakers were to expect and that War must of necessity return where the Peace solemnly made through the Danes perverseness could take no effect Notwithstanding the Swedish Ambassadours were cautious enough that the matter should not break out contrary to their just hope and expectation not onely affirming openly to the Danish Ministers and especially to Gersdorffe high Steward of the Kingdom that their Royal Majesty would never pass by their delays elusions of Articles but also signified by Letters written to the French Ambassador to that effect Let. KKK Let. KKK that it was now altogether necessary to require from the Danes an absolute and positive answer whether they meant to perform their Covenants and to determine the Executive Treaties or no. Yea to make it the more evident that they meant it in earnest they show'd the Kings Letters to the French Ambassadour wherein it was said expresly that his Majesty was resolv'd not to depart out of Denmark with his Army till the business were fully concluded and that if Prussia were lost in the mean while he would require reparation of the Danes All which things were faithfully related by him as the Letters of Beuningen do sufficiently testifie Surely it may hence be collected how unwillingly his Majesty of Sweden descended to those extream remedies that he never omitted any thing which might in any sort conduce to demonstrate his readiness and affection to a serious maintaining of an entire Peace between these two Northern Kingdoms Evidences of the King of Swedens bounty to oblige the Danes to him to confirm the Peace For to say nothing of other expressions of his good affection this must certainly proceed from a minde sincerely studious of Peace that he freely granted to the Queen of Denmark the Jurisdiction of Hirsholme which by vertue of the conditions should have been restored to Count Vlfeld undertaking to satisfie Vlfeld the like in value that he bestowed on Vlrick Frederick the Kings Bastard-son the command of two Regiments and a considerable Pension for his life and that he suffered the Queen to enjoy the Rents of Ween during her life they having been hers before Indeed his Majesty of Denmark had not onely laid aside all rankor of spirit but also all desire of ruling over his neighbours which creep on men of generous mindes sometimes against their wills being contented with what he was perswaded might be sufficient for his security And that he might for ever bar all pretence to Denmark he thought fit to assume the Title of Schonen aiming at nothing more then that the Executive Treaties might speedily be brought to a good issue Hence as soon as he saw some hopes of it he straitly enjoyn'd his Ambassadours then residing at Coppenhagen Irem his Majesties performances of conditions on his part to effect the Treaties and Count Wrangel high Admiral that commanded in Fuhnen and Jutland for the gaining of time to march his Army forthwith without the least delay out of Denmark as soon as he should be certified by the Ambassadours from Coppenhagen that the Treaty was concluded His Majesty with his Queen departed from Gothenburgh intending for Holstein with certain confidence that he should finde his Army on their March And indeed his Majesty wondred much at the preposterous counsells of the Danes that they delayed to put a final period to the Treaties little regarding that their Subjects sustained great damage whilest the Army abode in their Countreys Notwithstanding suspecting nothing he commanded part of his Forces away at Flensburgh he gave the same Orders both to his Ambassadours at Coppenhagen and also to Count Wrangel and the rather for that it was told him by Gyldenlow that the Commissioners were not onely in a manner agreed concerning the satisfaction of the African Company Whereas the Danes did nothing but dilatorily but also that the Horse remaining were to be delivered presently up with the Castle of Bremer Vorden But if it had been his Majesties pleasure to have assaulted the Danes afresh he would as consulting with the present state of Affairs have remitted something of his Right in the cause of the Brandeburgh and would not have had so urg'd the Danes to furnish out their Fleet unless a man should believe that the King of Sweden purpos'd to provide weapons for his enemies But when he saw most certainly that the Danes in their procrastinations had quite another drift then the tranquillity of the North and that to spend time and to delay under some colourable pretence the conference with his Ambassadours and that Owen Juul was sent in Embassy about no other business then what the Ambassadors at Coppenhagen were fully instructed in being taught by infallible arguments that his moderation and gentleness had been of little or no avail with the Danes and that his courtesies had onely encouraged them to the more foul ingratitude and desperate madness For the Danes had perswaded themselves that he could not though he should never so much desire it make any stay in Denmark especially since they understood whiles these matters had depended that the King of Hungary and Bohemia a deadly enemy of the Swedes was elected Emperor of Germany that the Brandeburgh Ambassadors were gone in dislike from Flensburgh without taking leave of the King and that the City of Thorun was straitly besieged His most Serene Majesty of Sweden therefore was not stirr'd up against the Danes by any blinde desire of embroiling himself in War Evidences of the Swedish intention that it was not to assault the Danes if he had not been
by them necessitated to it since being assail'd on all hands by so many powerful enemies he could not possibly want occasion to exercise his Military prowess Nay he was rather constrain'd by inevitable necessity to work himself out of those tempests the Danish plots had rais'd against him Truly he had not forgotten what great mischief the Muscovite had done in Leifland and how little credit was to be given to them though they talk'd so much of Peace The hazardous estate of the Protestants in Poland too with the cries of his own Subjects in Prussia imploring his aid almost every moment did deeply affect his otherwise most calm and gentle spirit The horrible injuries done him by the Austrians did irritate his generous resolution which injuries as he never provok'd or drew on himself so undoubtedly he had then resolved to take vengeance of them he pondered in his minde the Brandeburghs treacherous plots and breaches of League which would easily have mov'd any to just indignation especially since it was of so high concern to the Protestant Cause in general suddenly to withdraw him from the pernicious Society of the House of Austria But the consideration of these and other things was overpowred by the truly royal affection he bare to his Kingdom and people which would by no means permit that by chastising the injuries of others he should again expose his Countrey to the robberies and outrages of the Danes chiefly since by those unlucky delayes many fair opportunities were already elapsed that his enemies by degrees had gotten strength and those who formerly were hardly able to make any defence were now so bold as to invade and make a new War upon him and lastly that those who had purposed to be at Peace were now grown furious and threatned his utter destruction To which may be added that however his Majesty might be able to sustain the Wars brought on him by others yet he foresaw great difficulty in avoiding the Armies of the Danes and the performance of what they had contriv'd at Gluckstad especially being environed by so great a multitude of enemies Therefore he held it most necessary since he could not hinder yet to avoid and frustrate these Danish designs against Sweden and forasmuch as there was no safety but in Arms he deem'd it not unfit to exchange a War for a faithless Peace having resolv'd if God should prosper his undertakings of which the justice of his cause forbids him to doubt never to desist till he should see a faithful sincere and durable Peace restored and settled betwixt these Northern Kingdoms And though his Sacred Royal Majesty of Sweden had entertain'd quite another opinion of the King of Denmark he could not possibly be induced to think that a Prince formerly commended for his affection to Peace and who had sought to express the same in severall debates and overtures should now assume a contrary temper yet could he not though it was his earnest desire refrain from War which was the onely imaginable remedy to preserve himself against the treacheries of the Danes Nor is the King himself to be excus'd for he must justly be presum'd to have liked and approved what his Ministers did since through his unseasonable facility he restrain'd it not as by his authority he might and ought But as for the effusion of Christian bloud without which this business cannot be effected And therefore is guiltless of the effusion of Christian Blood as his Majesty of Sweden doth most heartily detest and lament the same so he makes no doubt but that the eternal Justice which is onely incorrupt will in its own time avenge the same on the contrivers of the Danish devices Lastly touching the desolation of the Provinces And of the desolation of Provinces and the great calamity brought on the Subjects let the Danes impute those things to themselves who having first provok'd us to Arms sued for Peace when they saw no remedy but they must be beaten to no other end then that in the mean time they might desire aid from others and disable the Swedes forces by dividing and drawing them into diverse parts at once The success of which Counsels their posterity those that shall be left of them may deplore when it is too late not without horrid execrations on their Ancestors in that they preferred a doubtful War and such as would draw nothing after it but ruine before a sincere and a secure Peace FINIS Note The Publick Acts and Records before mentioned and often cited in the Margin according to the Letters of the Alphabet being not ready for the Press shall follow with the first opportunity
were to have of the King of Denmark for this business they would set before them the injustice of the Danes in this Affair and others concerning the executive Treaties and that without any kinde of sticking at it they should tell them openly and plainly And demands real caution for restitution before his Army should depart from Denmark that before he had received real caution or security for the undoubted payment of the moneys and restitution of those places they had seized that he neither could nor would march his Army out of the Kingdom of Denmark because he could not put the least confidence in the bare words and promises of the Danes All which things though the Swedish Ambassadours faithfully related and spoke openly both to the most Serene the King of Denmark at the private Audience and to his chief Ministers at other meetings But the Danes are not induced to do their duty yet they could never move them to the performing of their duty in the observation of the Agreements at Roskild Indeed it cannot be denied that the Danes made a show in words that they were willing to restore all that should be found at Gluckstad of the Goods taken away in Guine and to give satisfaction afterward for the rest that Carloffe had privily conveigh'd away with him so that they would give them so much time Onely they promise in words something to be restored in time as whilest they might draw in Carloffe again to them or bring him under their power and when that was done that without doubt as they said the places taken in Africk should be restored assoon as ever a Ship could perform so long a voyage But in the interim before this restitution and payment was truly performed But would not hear of any real caution they would not hear a word of giving real caution or security pretending that they were in no wise bound by the Agreements at Roskild to give any caution And because any one that sides with neither party can easily perceive how foolish and weak this reason is we thought it scarcely worth while to trouble you farther with what the Danes were answered to it Onely we cannot pass by the strange kinde of acting that is usual with the Danes in this affair that when the Swedish Ambassadours did often desire and urge their absolute and positive answer concerning the real caution they demanded they would excuse themselves that they could not pawn to the Swedes any Lands or immoveable Goods but yet that they would promise them that they would bring them some Hamburgh Merchants Yet promise that Merchants should take the debt upon them as their own that should engage themselves to make good the satisfaction they desired to the African Company at the time prefix'd as if it were their own proper Debt Which when the Swedish Ambassadours upon new Instructions from his Majesty assented to and were content with that security they had proposed then the Danes turn'd cake in the pan and recanted their words Which when the Swedes accepted as a caution the Danes afterward recanted they had formerly spoke about giving in that security in the presence of the French and Swedish Ambassadors pretending that in the condition the Kingdom of Denmark was at that present in and the lowness of their fortunes they could not perswade any Forreign Merchants to undertake upon themselves the payment of so great a sum The cause of this alteration doubtless was that in regard they had heard that his Sacred Royal Majesty of Sweden was ready to march away with his Army and that the Ambassadors of the Elector of Brandenburgh were gone from Flensburgh without effecting any thing they would not believe that he would for the business of Guine which onely concerns some private persons put off that expedition which he had resolved on much less wholly give it over Afterward when the Danes were show'd the unworthiness of this action and every one did verily believe that the business would be done without any further delayes and pretences unless they would have no mercy neither on themselves nor of their Countrey-men in Jutland and Holstein To decline an answer to the Swedish Ambassadors the Dane sends his Ambassador to the Swedish King who by reason of the stay of the Swedish Army occasioned by the unseasonable and unnecessary shiftings of the Danes were under a very great oppression his most Serene Majesty of Denmark instead of an answer which he should have given the Swedish Ambassadors to their Proposals sent away Owen Juul in an Embassy about the end of June to his Sacred Royal Majesty of Sweden who amongst other instructions carried Letters Let. Y Y. Y Y. in which indeed he answered the fore-mentioned Letters of his Majesty of Sweden but in such a manner that it was apparent enough that the Danes never intended to give full and just satisfaction to the African Company The Swedish Ambassadors perceiving it endeavoured but in vain to hinder that Embassy and show'd them both by Monsieur Terlon the French Ambassadour who was then at Coppenhagen and they themselves declar'd more at large to the chief Ministers of the Kingdom of Denmark how unusual and unfitting a thing it would be for the King of Denmark to dispatch an Embassy to his Sacred Royal Majesty of Sweden for the transacting of that controversie concerning which the Swedish Ambassadors Resident at Coppenhagen were empowered with very large Commissions and had very lately as it were anew been by Letters Credential to the King of Denmark appointed to finish that business that they had done their duty and not onely justly declar'd what they were commanded and urg'd their answer but expected it too almost every moment That they themselves Which the Swedish Ambassadors endeavoured to disswade but in vain and all others of judgement that were skill'd in these affairs could not but believe that this Embassy was set on foot onely to spend time and in hope that his Majesty of Sweden would hereafter be forc'd in the mean while to march his Army out of the Danish Provinces which if it should so happen the Danes would show little or nothing at all of endeavour and good will in making reparations to the African Company but that they dare boldly affirm that their hope would extreamly fail them in as much as they certainly knew that his Sacred Royal Majesty of Sweden in regard he had seen them so full of shifts and changes would not stir with his Army out of Jutland before that whole affair were fully compleated Besides that they were afraid that his Sacred Royal Majesty would interpret that Message to be but a meer elusion and shifting off the Agreements which might be the cause of great heart-burnings betwixt these Northern Kingdoms to the great dammage and prejudice of the Danes Yea his Sacred Royal Majesty of Sweden himself did begin so far to suspect the Danes preposterous manner of
acting that upon that ground And the King of Sweden represents to the Danish Ambassadors the injustice of the Danish proceeding And urges his own Ambassadors at Coppenhagen to dispatch the business there Letter ZZ he was pleas'd not onely to set out at large the extream injustice of the Danes to Owen Juul at his coming to him but sent charge amongst other things to his Ambassadors residing at Coppenhagen to dispatch the business of Guine Letter ZZ In the mean time all the while Juul was employ'd about that Embassy in which there were some weeks spent the Danish Commissioners would not give the Swedish Ambassadors any meeting in Coppenhagen and at such times as they were called upon to it which was very often they answered that they must first expect the return of Owen Juul At last that they might not seem to do nothing and upon the news that was brought that the Poles and Austrians had laid close siege to the City of Thoren The Danes hearing of the siege of Thoren that the King of Hungary was chosen Emperour of Germany and that part of the Swedish Army had already begun their march into Germany they wrested and refused almost all those things which the Commissioners themselves before Begin to retract all what they formerly had promised and principally Gersdorff High Steward of the Kingdom had so often promised about the satisfaction that was to be given to the African Company For though before the departure of Owen Juul this question to wit whether the Danes were in justice bound to make satisfaction for the dammage done at Guine or no was carried in the Affirmative and that they were bound to make it and onely this question how to wit whether satisfaction ought to be made for all things taken away from the Swedish Company in Guine or also whether real caution was to be given for the greater certainty of payment or no remained which the Ambassadors and Commissioners of both parties were to discuss the Danes that lay at lurch and waited how the times would go and when they might have occasion to order their affairs as best pleas'd themselves took heart again and not onely denied all other satisfaction Except onely the restitution of the Castle Capo-Cors except the restitution of the Castle of Capo-Cors onely but would have the whole business referred to the judgement of Arbitrators In order to which the Danish Commissioners did by Monsieur Terlon the French Ambassador deliver their Project to the Swedish Ambassadors Let. AAA Let. AAA And then give a new Project to the Swedes by the Ambassador of France which having no reason in it that was of any weight or could put any fair gloss of truth upon the Danes unjust purpose herein except those they had formerly brought which had been so often confuted and exploded his most Serene Majesty upon sudden notice of it was cast into such an admiration that he could not tell what he ought to expect in the future from such unconstant and fickle people But after that the Danes understood partly from the relation of Owen Juul and partly from the Letters of his Sacred Royal Majesty of Sweden to the King of Denmark that his Sacred Royal Majesty would in this case remit nothing of the right of his faithful Subjects they met with the Swedish Ambassadours again and exhibited a Project the 17. day of July Letter BBB Let. BBB And again another Próject to the Swedish Ambassadors by themselves But the Swedish not accepting their Project offer to them another of their own Let. CCC which was written so captiously and ambiguously that under the shelter and refuge of it the Danes had a liberty to defer their payment from day to day and might finde divers pretences to raise doubts and controversies whether it were to be paid or no. Whereupon the Swedish Ambassadours the very next day made another Project in which there was more care taken and better caution for the certain payment of the money Letter CCC and sent it to the Danish Commissioners But the Danes were no better pleased with this then with the former Swedish Project in regard that it did for the most part cut off all occasions which the Danes might in the future at their pleasure lay hold on to exempt and free themselves from giving the satisfaction they had promised But as the Danes never resolv'd with themselves heartily fully to satisfie the African Company in this point Which the Danes accept of so that could not be wellcome to them that oblig'd them to the Agreements at Roskild Nay that there might be a just cause of wonder at them And do not so much as perform that which they had promised in their own Project so far as the Swedes did accept of it the Danes could not be brought to make restitution of that part of the African Prize that was at Gluckstad which they themselves promised in their own Project though they were often required to do it For though they had time long enough granted them for to make restitution of those things that were taken away and they had besides other means proposed to them by which the Danes might better their condition and the more easily bear with it yet they could get nothing out of them but the foresaid Project what labour and industry soever the Swedish Ambassadours used to minde the Danes of their duty So that thereupon the whole Treaty might be said to have had an end in this business So that one may justly say that the whole Treaty had an end in this business and that it is left to the discussion of abler judgements how little of those things the Danes have voluntarily and willingly done to which they were bound by the tye of conscience and solemn agreements and which they had so often oblig'd their faith to perform There were Yet in more other things the Danes did fail besides these we have formerly mentioned more things yet by which one might sufficiently enough perceive the unbounded desire of the Danes to misinterpret the Agreements as those things that were to be performed mutually in their salutes at the Castles scituated on both sides of the Sound As concerning the salutes of the Castles on both sides of the Sound as also their giving notice if happily any Fleet of War pass'd through the Sound and the moneys which use to be exacted of those that sail in the foresaid Sea to keep lights at night in the Watch-Tower and such other things of the like nature which came into dispute For when Schonen is granted with all the superiority belonging to that Territory as well by Land as Sea to the Swedes that is likewise presum'd to be granted that useth to belong and is proper to all the Castles and Forts adjacent to the Sea as the honour of a salute to be given by the ships that pass by Nevertheless the Danes contended that that solemn