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A85750 A treatise of the antiquity of the commonwealth of the Battavers, which is now the Hollanders first written in Latin by Hugo Grotius, advocat fiscall of Holland, Zealand, and Westfriesland, &c. And afterwards translated into the Netherlandish Dutch, and perused by the author himselfe. And now again translated out of both the Latin and Dutch, into English, by Tho. Woods, Gent.; De antiquitate Reipublicae Batavicae. English. Grotius, Hugo, 1583-1645.; Woods, Thomas.; Cross, Thomas, fl. 1632-1682, engraver. 1649 (1649) Wing G2127; Thomason E1303_2; ESTC R202252 40,326 171

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case I should seek for a Forraign example to this purpose I can finde none more like hereunto then in the Common-Wealth of the Lacedemonians the which by Plato Polybius and very many wisemen yea by Apollo himselfe is affirmed so to be and is by them commended before all other for in these the Kings succeeded one after another by the order of their Consanguinity in so much that in place of the Kings those that were the Protectors or Dictators which they called Prodicos had the Authority in their hands But the Kings were not admitted to the Authority before they had taken their Oath to use their Authority according to the Custome of the Lawes of the Land Now the Kings had power over each one but above the Kings were the Survayers or Ephori together with the Councell The Ancient Fathers doe very much commend a notable Speech of Theopompus King of the Lacedemonians who being disdainfully reproved by his own wife because that hee had diminished his own Highnesse by the Institution of the Office of the Survayers hee Answered thereunto That he should leave unto his Children a lesser but yet a more permanent Authority For of a truth it is even so as the Ancient Fathers used truly to report That every Common-wealth consisteth in a certain melody or consort the which being once broken all cometh to naught which melody in my opinion consisteth not in any sound or in strings but in the well tempered unity of the Prince with the People and of the People with the Prince or of severall States the one with the other In this melody have the Princes the Nobility and the Comonalty long time flourished when as each one respected the Prince and the Prince himself respected the Laws and the common Assemblies and whilst the Nobility kept their Reputation and the Comonalty their Liberty From hence issued the good successe of Warre from hence it proceeded that this Nation like as in former times they were Confederates with the Romans even so thereafter though being little have sought unto great Alliances Hereof the Treatises of the Confederacies do plainly shew for presently at the very birth as it were of the Principality there were two Dedericks as it is generally believed who were Brothers in-law unto the Kings of France Arnolffe the third Earl had to wife a daughter of the Emperour of Constantinople whose sister was marryed unto the Emperour of Germany Divers others that succeeded were marryed unto the House of Saxon who then possessed the Empire Florence the third was marryed unto the House of the King of Scotland William the Second of that name Earl of Holland was elected Emperour of Germany and as I think for no other cause but for that he was used in his own Countrey unto such a moderate Government This mans Sonne Florence the Fourth was earnestly solicited unto on the one side by the King of England and on the other side by the King of France for his Confederacy with the presentation of each of their Daughters in marriage with great gifts But Iohn his Son with the advice of the chiefest Nobles of the Land marryed the daughter of England And presently after William the Sixth marryed the daughter of the King of France Again the daughters of the Earls were bestowed into very great Houses as the Lady Margarite the daughter of William the Fourth unto an Emperour of the House of Beyeren Iacoby unto a Dolphin of France And all these whilst they were but only Earls of Holland and Zealand and some of Henault After that by the daughter of Albrecht who was marryed unto one of the house of Burgondy did Holland obtain the same Prince who was before Prince of Brabant and of Flanders and many other Nations And by this meanes were severall Nations not differing in manners Lawes and Customes from each other being at a speciall unity and under one publick Authority thereby the more fortified Thereafter the Lady Mary of Burgondy had by her Husband the Arch-Duke of Austria a Sonne unto whom befell for his marriagegood the greatest part of Spaine and with Spaine the expectation of Terra nova and many other Titles which are spread far and wide over divers Countreys But from this great Magnificence of the Prince proceeded a great alteration in the Government the which I will briefly touch The sixth Chapter How that the intended Alteration of the Government was the occasion of the Warres THe nature of man is much addicted and is easily inclined to domination from whence according to the saying of Aristotle proceedeth Tyrannicall Government especially when as the Prince transgresseth the limits of the Laws of the Land And it seldom hapneth but that men attempt the taking of more in hand then they are able to perform unless the very hope of the performance of that which is desired be utterly extinguished Therefore those ancient Princes whose hope and repose depended altogether upon their Native Countrey as having no expectation of Forraign power to relie upon were obedient unto the Lawes were lovers of equity were respecters of the States as well knowing upon whose power and meanes both their honour and reputation consisted The Burgondians descended of Royall Progeny were the first that climbed up the first step unto domination yet very secretly the Liberty continuing never the lesse not only in outward shew but also for the greatest part thereof in her full face Afterwards Charls being Emperour and King of other Countrys was not therewithall well contented that herewithall he should be called but a Prince But yet he for affection and some certaine respects was restrained in regard that he was born and brought up here in the Countrey and besides did exceedingly respect this People as being very convenient Instruments for the enterprising of any great exploit and such as were of themselves very faithfull but yet very soon displeased and exceeding powerfull when as their Liberty should be but once toucht Now the Church of God at that time being overwhelmed and poysoned with palpable Heresies and longing for a wholsome medicine to purge the same yet he resolving by violence to maintaine that which was in use amongst them sent his bloody Commissions that whosoever should bee found to be of any other Religion should bee punished with death never respecting nor enquiring what was the meaning and resolution of the States in so weighty a businesse But his Son Philip being of that unsatiable nature that was content with nothing else but with an absolute power envied all Nations that would prescribe a Law unto their Prince The which the People of Aragon to their great ruine have proved The Spaniards who had the Education of King Philip in his youth took hold of this occasion very earnestly to prosecute the same against the Hollanders and the rest of the Netherlanders since which time there hath been a continuall jealousie and contention betwixt them which of them should bee best in the Princes favour whereupon