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A62183 The opinion of Padre Paolo of the Order of the Servites, consultor of state given to the Lords the Inquisitors of state, in what manner the republick of Venice ought to govern themselves both at home and abroad, to have perpetual dominion.; Opinione come debba governarsi internamente ed esternamente la Repubblica di Venezia. English. Sarpi, Paolo, 1552-1623.; Aglionby, William, d. 1705. 1689 (1689) Wing S699; ESTC R9325 39,488 142

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them himself alone he might then unite with the Republick upon condition to have the best part of the Spoil but if the Emperour should as formerly come to a great Rupture with the Church and employ heartily his power in the Quarrel 't is not impossible but he might be willing to engage the Republick by a promise of some part of the conquest I think in any other way 't is not probable to make any advantage of the Imperial Assistance The last Question is Whether he can unite with others against the Republick And of this there is no doubt For if Maximilian tho infinitely oblig'd to the Republick made no difficulty to unite in a League with Lewis the Twelfth of France his Competitor and Enemy whom for Injuries received he had declared a Rebel to the Sacred Empire tho Lewis laugh'd at that Imaginary Jurisdiction I say if he could submit to joyn with so suspected a power much less would the Emperour now scruple the uniting either with Spain or the Pope or any other Princes of Italy not only for to acquire Territory but even for bare Money if it were offer'd him With France I believe the Union would not be so easie as it was then because now the Emperour being partial for Spain if their Interest did not concur they would hinder him from being drawn away by any hopes or promises But this will appear better when we come to treat of Spain For if Spain will have a League against the Republick the Emperour will never stand out Now let us come to France 'T is not above Fifty years ago that the Republick thought themselves oblig'd not only to desire but to procure the Greatness of France because being under the phrensie of a Civil War it threatned little less than the dissolution of that Monarchy The Succession of Henry the Fourth to the Crown who had his Title from Nature and the Possession from his Sword reviv'd it and at last gave it such vigour that from deserving Compassion it came to move Envy and if a fatal blow of a mean hand had not cut off that Prince's Life and Designs there would have been requisite great Dexterity or great Force to defend the Republick from them The Count de Fuentes Governour of Milan us'd to brag that he had such Musick as should make those dance who had no mind to 't Henry the Fourth might have said so with much more reason and he us'd to affirm That at the pass things were the Neutrality of the Republick was a Coyn that would no longer be current If he had given career to his no ill-founded Designs half a World would not have suffic'd him but we must not be frighted if we see the Raging Sea swell in Billows and look as if it would swallow up the Earth since a little Sand stops all its Fury Death has a Scythe that most commonly cuts off all the Noblest Lives If Henry the Third of France had brought the Siege of Paris to an end if Philip the Second had not had the Winds and Seas against him England would have been in Chains and Paris would have been a Village In conclusion the Fatality of Humane Affairs is such that most great undertakings are disappointed by unexpected causes At present the constitution of France is such that there is little danger from them for during the Minority of their King they will have enough to do not to lose ground there being so many Jealousies and Factions afoot 'T is true that the common people have open'd their Eyes and begin to be weary of spending their blood for the ambition of the great ones and amongst these the chiefest are old and at their ease so that they will think chiefly of keeping themselves in those Posts they enjoy The Duke of Maine who is Head of the Catholick Party is very ancient and very rich wherefore if in the time of the great troubles he either could not or would not aspire to make himself King when even he had all but the Name of it 't is not to be imagined he thinks of it now and if he will be content with the State of a Subject he is as great as he can be The Duke of Mercoeur who in his Wife 's right pretended to Erect Britany into a Kingdom is at last dead in Hungary the Duke of Epernon is more studious of good Husbandry than Soldiery the Duke of Montpensier has always been true to the Royal Family the Capricios of the Marchioness of Aumale will hardly have any Followers and it will be well if she can clear her self of the late King's Death On the other side the Prince of Conde the first Prince of the Blood is young and of a mild Nature he has besides before his Eyes the Example of his Father Grandfather and Great Grandfather who all perish'd unfortunately in civil Broils and has in his own person experimented the Spanish Parsimony in his Retreat from Court to Brussels So that if he desires a greater Fortune he may compass it in France from the hands of the Queen her self who is so ill a Politician as to try to put out Fire with pouring Oyl upon it The Hugonots are weary the Duke of Bovillon their Head well pleased with his present Fortune and if he have a mind to be a Hugonot out of Perswasion and not Faction there is no body will hinder him but most of these great men have Religion only for a pretext as 't is reported likewise of the Duke de Lesdiguieres which if it be true they will never be quiet till the King be of Age and by consequence there will be little protection to be hop'd for from that Kingdom Our Speculation therefore may more certainly conclude that the Greatness of France is at a stand and cannot in the space of some years make any progress and till it come to an Excess not to be thought on for these fifty years it can give no Jealousie to the Republick As to the Title Inclination and Facility that France may have to acquire any part of the Republick's Dominions I say we need not doubt of their Inclination because Princes are like Wolves to one another always ready for prey As for Title they can set up none till they have conquer'd the Dutchy of Milan and Facility they have as little because they cannot come at the Republick's Territories without first passing over those of other Princes which they will never consent to lest they prove the first conquest themselves Whereupon I conclude that for a long time the power of France can give no jealousie to the Republick And on the other side the Republick can have no pretences as things stand upon any part of the French Territories as long as they are totally Excluded from Italy and if there be no Title there is less Inclination and Facility The Union of France with the Republick to acquire the State of any other Prince will always be easie when
Licensed July 20th 1689. J. FRASER THE OPINION OF Padre Paolo OF THE Order of the Servites Consultor of STATE GIVEN To the Lords the Inquisitors of STATE In what manner the Republick of VENICE Ought to govern themselves both at home and abroad to have perpetual Dominion Deliver'd by Publick Order in the Year 1615. LONDON Printed for R. Bentley in Russel-Street in Covent-Garden 1689. TO THE Right Honourable HENRY Viscount Sydney Gentleman of the Bed-Chamber to His Majesty Collonel of the Royal Regiment of Foot-Guards and one of His Majesties Most Honourable Privy-Council My Lord THough your design'd Favours to me might justly claim this offer of my Respects in a Dedication yet I must own That it is on of the next Age than your Lordship In your Negotiation in Holland during the close Intrigues of the latter end of King Charles his Reign you strove to keep both him and us happy and quiet by promoting the true Interest of both But when the Ferment of our Affairs forc'd you to more sensible demonstrations of your thoughts you Nobly chose rather to appear an ill Courtier than be thought an ill Man to your Country The Protestant Interest carried it with you while the Roman Faction thought their designs as secure as they were deeply laid 'T is rare to find such Conduct and Courage in a Publick Minister But what could be expected less from one ready to venture his Life in the Field at the Head of our Nation abroad against that unquiet Monarch who was then invading all the Liberty Mankind had left Heaven My Lord has at last bless'd these constant endeavours for England's Prosperity and we see you in the Councils and Privacy of a Prince born for our Felicity The Great Queen of this Monarchy who so lov'd her People and understood their Interest had a Sydney for her Favourite and such a man as she admir'd living and lamented dead and our King who has begun with restoring this Nation to its true Interest and will no question advance its Glory to the highest pitch has your Lordship in his Councils and Arms Guarded by you in the day he sleeps often under your care in the Night safe in your Loyalty and pleas'd in your attendance To whom then could I more properly offer these Arcanums of a Wise Government than to one who must be a good Judge of all Writings of that kind and therefore with repeated Offers of my humble Respects and readiness to obey your Lordship's Commands I take leave and am My Lord Your Lordship 's Most Humble and most Devoted Obedient Servant W. Aglionby THE PREFACE THat Padre Paulo Sarpi of the Order of the Servites is the Author of this Treatise there needs no other proof than the reading of it for whoever is acquainted either with his style or his manner of thinking must of necessity acknowledge that they are both here And indeed we may say that this is not only a true representation of the Government of the Venetian Republick but that the Author also like great Painters who in all their Works give us their own Genius with the mixture of the Representation has likewise drawn the truest Picture of himself He was one of the greatest men of his Age of vast Natural Parts to which he had added all the acquir'd ones that great Study and much Conversation with Men could give him It was he who defended the Republick in the dispute they had with Pope Paul the 5th which he did so solidly and yet so modestly that his Subject never carried him either to Invectives or Railleries unbeseeming the Gravity of the Matter nor the Dignity of the Persons whose Cause he managed that Quarrel being accommodated by the interposition of the Kings of France and Spain in which the Republick had all the advantage possible The Senate very sensible of the Obligation they had to P. Paulo made him Consultor of State and added an Honourable Pension for his Life giving him at the same time Order to view all their secret Records where all their Papers and Instruments of State were laid up all which he reduc'd into such a new order as that they might be recurr'd to with the greatest ease imaginable upon all occasions The Esteem they made of his Abilities was so great that they never had any important debate in which either by publick order or by the private application of some of their Senators they did not take his advice which most commonly was assented to afterwards Towards the latter end of his Life the Inquisitors of State seeing that they could not hope long for the continuation of those Oracles resolv'd that once for all he should impart them his thoughts upon the whole Constitution of their Government and withal add his Opinion touching their Future Conduct both within and without and that is this Piece with which I now present the Publick As it was made for the perusal of those only who were the participants of all the Arcanums of the Empire it is writ with less regard to the Publick Censure to which he suppos'd it would never be subject All other Writers of Politicks may in one thing be justly suspected which is that when they write with a design of publishing their Works to Mankind they must have a regard to many considerations both of the times they write in and Opinions that are then receiv'd by the People as also to the Establish'd Forms both of Government and Religion besides that Self-love too will not let them forget their own Glory for the sake of which they often swerve from the true Rules of writing but here all these considerations ceas'd the Work is directed to those whose Interest it was to conceal it And for the Author himself it may be said it was rather his Legacy than any desire of shewing his Abilities which by other Pieces of his were already sufficiently publish'd to the World. But what an Idea must we have of that Man whom a Venetian Senate not only admitted to their Debates but consulted upon the whole Frame of their Government a Senate I say justly deserving the Titles of Wise and Great who have maintain'd their State for 1200 years with little alteration who have been a Bulwark to the Christian World against the most potent Invader that ever was who at the same time have struggled with all the Christian Princes united and headed even by Popes whose spiritual power alone has been able to subvert greater Empires This Senate or at least the wisest of them the Inquisitors of State who have the whole Executive Power in their hands cannot let this Subject of theirs leave the World without having from him a Scheme of their present Affairs and a prospect of the Occurrences to come Nothing certainly can give us a greater Idea of Padre Paulo nor shew us how great Abilities in the most retired and concealed Subjects will break out in all wise Governments and cannot long be conceal'd As to the work