in all the elect So that our point is this God did predestinate all that shall bee saved both to grace and glorie for his good pleasures sake not for any faith that he did foresee should bee in them Faith sore-seene no causes of election nor for any workes which hee knew they would does and wee can confirme it by these reasons following First Reason 1 from Rom. 9.11 That the purpose of God might remaine according to election not of workes but of him that calleth that is of the sole good pleasure of him that calleth from whence the argument may bee collected thus If election were for fore-seene faith then not of the sole good purpose of him that calleth but that is contrarie to the words of the Apostle Secondly Reason 2 Faith is a fruit of election and therfore must come after it therefore did God chuse us not because wee were about to beleeve but that we might beleeve See Ephes 1.4 He hath chosen us in him before the foundation of the world not because wee were but that wee might bee holy So in Tit. 1.1 it is called sides electorum Dei the faith of Gods elect In Acts 13.48 As many as were ordained to eternall life beleeved Thirdly Reason 3 Faith is the gift of God by grace are ye saved through faith which is the gift of God Ephes 2.8 And Phil. 1.29 Vnto you it is given for Christs sake that you should beleeve in him Initiorum sidei incrementique lagitor Deus Ambros de vocat Gent. lib. 2. cap. 1. and suffer for his sake God is the giver of the beginnings and encrease of faith Now this being granted it followes that God was not moved by foreseene faith to elect for that which God in electing did give to man could not bee the cause that moved God to elect man I might urge the argument of Augustine De predest Sanct. lib c. 16. Workes foreseene no cause of election That grace goes before faith in the order of nature as the cause precedes the effect I come to shew that God had not respect to mens workes I will not stand to shew how Bellarmine Bellarm. de gratia libero Arbit lib. 2. cap. 10. Sect. 9. affents unto my proposition and consirmes it contrarie to the Rhemists upon the Hebrewes who bring for themselves that in Heb. 5.9 He is made the Author of salvation to all that obey Hence they say a man is not elected without condition of obedience And that in 2 Tim. 2.20 21. in a great house there are not onely vessels of gold and of silver but also of wood c. and if any man purge himselfe hee shall be a vessell of honour where say they by free will and good workes a man is made a vessell of honour whereto I will shape them no other answer than that which is given by Bellarmine Deorâ—â—â—e lib. 2. cap. 13. For answer to the second testimony the Apostle faith not That a man by purging himselfe is made a vessell of honour but is a vessell of honour that is shall by this be knowen to bee a vessell of honour as if hee should say there bee two seales of mans being a vessell of honour one inward which cannot bee seene of us in this life that is the knowledge of divine approbation The other outward the avoyding of sinne and iniquitie that is by these it appeares that wee are surely predestinate and so wee are exhorted by Peter to make our calling and election sure Now the reasons whereby I prove my proposition are these 1. That which is the effect of election cannot be the cause Reason 1 But all good workes are fruits and effects of election as appeareth Ephes 1.4 upon which words Augustine Elegit nos ut essen us sanch non quia crornus secundum voluntatem suam non nostram quae bonaesse non possit nisi isse ut siat bona sabveniat Hee chose us that wee might be holy not because we were about to be holy and according to his will not ours which cannot bee good except hee helpe it that it may bee made good And verie excellent is that of the same Father against I ulianus the Pelagian He chose no man worthy but by chusing made him worthy 2. Lib. 5. cap. 3. Reason 2 Our election is not of him that willeth nor of him that runneth Rom. 9.16 but of God shewing mercie but if it were for our fore-seene workes it were not of mercie but of him that willeth and runneth Liberautur per gratiam aicnutur non vasa suorum meritorum sedm sericor diae August dexatura gratia lib. 5. cap. 1. They are freed by grace and are said to be vessels not of their owne merits but of mercie Yea the Rhemists upon Rom. 9.14 have confessed that election is a worke of Gods meere mercie contrarie to themselves and if of meere mercie then without all respect of our workes or fore-seene faith 3. Reason 3 It may be proved from Luc. 12.32 It is the Fathers pleasure to give you the Kingdome And Ioh. 15.16 Yee have not chosen mee but I have chosen you but if God should chuse men for good workes then they had first chosen him nor doth God chuse men because hee sees that men will doe good but chuseth men that hee make them workers of good and to persevere in good as Bellar mine proves it sufficiently Degratia lib. Arbit lib. 2. cap. 10. If any man be scrupulous and doubtfull let him but looke Aug. Epist 105. to Sixtus Epist 46. to Valentinus and Bellar mine in the place before noted I come to see what the adversarie hath against this doctrine that we may soone shape them an answer and shake them off The first may be out of Rom. 8.29 Object 1 Those whom he knew before he did predestinate to be made like to the image of his Sonne therefore Gods prescience of men to be like c. is the cause of Predestination whereto I answer first that their prescience is put for the proegumenicall cause that is his free mercie and the meaning is that whom God lookt upon in mercie hee did also predestinate to be made like to the image of his Sonne by righteousnesse and holinesse So the word is used Iob. 10.14 Psal 1.6 Secondly the Apostle saith not he knew them to be like and therefore did predestinate them but did predestinate them that they might be like Secondly they dispute from Matth. 20.8 Object 2 Call the Labourers and give them their hire therefore Heaven is ordained for mens good workes Whereto I answer first that the place sheweth that good workes are the way wherein men must walke that come to Heaven but they doe not prove that God in his decree had respect unto them There is a difference betweene the decree of predestination and the execution Good workes goe before the possession of Heaven but not before the purpose
the Lord fore-warned Israel In Deut. 9. When thou shalt passe over Iordan and possesse cities walled up to Heaven say not thou in thine heart for my rightteousnesse the Lord hath brought mee in to possesse this land vers 4. Say not it was for mine upright heart vers 5. Say not it was for mine holinesse vers 6. If God give Israel a victorie they are ready to say Our high hand and not the Lord hath done this Deut. 32.27 If the Canaanite be cast out and Israel be come in his stead Israel ascribes all to his owne merit If Israel bee cast off and the Gentile come in his stead the Gentile ascribes all to his owne deserts Whereto you must marke the answer of God Deut. 9.5 Thou didst not enter for thine owne righteousnesse but he was cast off for his owne wickednesse A fault whereof the Papist is most guiltie who as the Rhemists doe confesse affirme Gods election to be because of faith fore-seene in us Rhem. Annot. in Heb. 5. or works foreseene both against Scripture For first that which is the fruit cannot be the cause of election But good workes are fruits and effects of it as Ephes 1.4 S. Augustine speakes thus Elegit noâ— non quiasanctieramus sed ut sancti essemus nen inem elegit dignum sed eligendo effecit dignuÌ„ Aug. contra Iulian Pelag. l. 5. cap. 3. Liberantur per gratiam dicâ—nâ—ur non vasa suorum mer. torâ—â—â— sed vasa misericordiae Aug. de natura gratia lib. 5. cap. 1. Hee chose us not because we were holy but that wee might bee holy hee chose none being worthy but by chusing made him worthy Secondly our election is not in him that willeth nor in him that runneth but in God that sheweth mercie Rom. 9.16 Vpon which words Augustine speakes thus They are freed by grace and are called not vessels of their owne deserts but vessels of mercie 3. In Luk. 12.32 It is your fathers pleasure to give you the kingdome and Luk. 15.16 You have not chosen mee but I have chosen you whereas if God should elect men for faith and workes then should they chuse him first by beleeving in him and doing good workes to please him a point so grosse that Bellarmine himselfe disclaimes it De natura gratia lib. 2. cap. 10. and answers the objection from 2 Tim. 2.20 21. If any man purge himselfe from these he shall be a vessel of honor as if by free will good works he were made a vessell of honour in his answer to the second testimony That the Apostle saith not he is made a vessell of honor but he is a vessell as if he should say There be two seales of election or being a vessell of honor The first inward the knowledge of divine approbation The second outward the purging of our hearts from sin and iniquitie and thus Peter exhorts us to make it sure 2 Pet. 1.10 I meet the further use in the next verse and therefore come from the Gentiles plea to the Apostles reply in vers 20 21. VERS 20. Vers 20 Well through unbeleefe they were broken off and thou standest by faith Be not high minded but feare THe reply hath foure parts 1. A deniall that the Iewes were cast off because the Gentiles should be received It was their infidelitie through unbeleefe the branches are broken off 2. A deniall that the Gentile was grassed in for his worth thou standest by faith 3. To take downe their swelling and proud conceit hee affrights them with Gods justice in dealing both with the naturall and engrafted branches for if God spare not c. vers 21. 4. The gemination of the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or exhortation Bee not high minded but feare I begin with the first Insidelitie was the cause of the rejection of the Iewes Quomodo excidit eos Dominus Tum Dominus exâ—â—idit quando propâ—â—r mâ—râ—â—u liâ—aâ—em Evangelium auseâ—t Sacraâ—entâ— they beleeved not the Gospell that was preached unto them nor in the Messias that was borne amongst them How doth the Lord out them off then hee cuts them off when for their incredulitie hee takes from them the Gospell and the Sacraments saith Olevianus The points are many 1. There is no sin wherewith God is more angrie than want of faith to beleeve the Gospell when it is preached Doct. 1 This will appeare in this one instance because for this sin he takes the Gospell quite away from them as Acts 13.46 It was necessarie that the word should first be preached unto you as vers 11. and hearing the Gospell without prosit and faith is the forerunner of destruction as in Eli his sonnes They hearkened not to their fathers voyce because the Lord would slay them 1 Sam. 2.25 I never read without astonishment the seventh of Ieremy from vers 13. to vers 17. I rose up early and spoke unto you but you would not heare as vers 8. I come to a second point Insidelitie or want of faith makes a divorce Doct. 2 and makes a separation betweene God and man It is most true of all sinne as Isa 59. Your iniquities have separated betweene you and your God vers 2. But most true of this as Heb. 3.12 Take heed brethren lest there bee in any of you an evill heart and unfaithfull to depart away from the living God The foulenesse of this sinne will appeare if wee consider 1. That all things they meddle with are foule and uncleane unto the unbeleeving nothing is pure Tit. 1.15 2. How they became Infidels that is by Satans strong hand in blinding them as 2 Cor. 4.4 If our Gospell bee hid it is hid to them that are lost 3. If we consider the judgements gone out against them 2 Thess 2.10 11 12. Because they received not the truth that they might be saved therefore God sent them strong delusions that they should beleevelies that is one and that all they might be damned which beleeve not the truth that is another 4. If wee consider the end What shall bee theend of them which obey not the Gospell as if it would bee some strange end 1 Pet. 4.18 It shall bee tribulation and anguish and woe Rom. 2.5 If wee consider the effects of it in Adam and Eve it excluded them out of Paradise in Israel it excluded them out of Canaan and in all that heare the Gospell and beleeve not it excludes them out of Heaven For he that beleeveth not shall be damned Mark 16.16 Lastly if wee consider it to bee the mother and breeder of all the sinnes that are done against God according to that of Augustine of faith to Peter Qualitas malae vitaeâ—in â—â—uâ—â— liabet ab infidelitate chap. 3. The qualitie of an evill life hath beginning from infidelitie It will make a man part with Heaven for any trifle as Esau did with his birth-right For if a man beleeve neither the judgements nor the promises then
7.23 In the former viz. election note 1. what it is 2. Of election and first what it is the execution 3. the knowledge of particular election 1. Election is defined thus It is a decree in which God according to the good pleasure of his will hath certainly chosen some men to life for the glorie of his grace as Ephes 1.4 5. in this one I note these points 1. The impulsive cause 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the good pleasure of his will hee will have mercie on whom hee will have mercie Rom. 9.18 2. If his decree then it is immutable he is not as man that he should repont 1 Sam. 15.29 3. There is an actuall election made in time I have chosen you out of the world Ioh. 15.19 4. The end his glorie for of the execution and the knowledge of particular election I will speake hereaster I come to speake a word of the other part of predestination viz. Reprobation which is A decree whereby God out of his pleasure purposed to refuse some men by meanâ—s of Adams fall and their owne corruption for manifeslation of his justice In this note only the matter or object of this decree viz. The rejection of some men in respect of mercie or the manifestation of justice upon some which howsoever men call it crueltie yet the Word tels it us Iude 4. They were of old ordained to this condemnation And Rom. 9.22 God makes vessels of wrath for destruction But this is a Doctrine that seemes to be hard and cruell for first men say it must needs bee crueltie to create a great part of the world to damne them in hell But they should know that by this decree God doth not create any to damne them but to the manifestation of his glorie in their due and deserved damnation for their sinne which is but justice and not crueltie 2. They say that by this God should hate his owne creature and that before it is whereto first I answer That God did not actually hate but purposed to hate justly and deservedly and if hee did I may say with Paul Rom. 9.20 O man what art thou that disputest against God shall the thing formed say to him that formed it why hast thou in de mee thus Num. negandum quoâ— as crtum qâ—â—a intenni 〈◊〉 sotest â—â—d 〈◊〉 Aug. De buno persever lib. 2. cap. 14. And with Augustine May wee deay that which is plaine and evident because that which is hidden and secret cannot bee found out It is plaine out of Scripture that so it is and therefore it must needs bee sinne to object against it But that which makes the principal question is that which in the fourth placed proposed and which now I come unto to wir The causes of predestination Of the causes of election and because the parts of predestination are two I will take them severally and first begin with election Howsoever Gods will be the reason whereinto all causes must be resolved and end in that yet some imes there may bee given a reason of Gods will yet that reason must not be called an efficient cause of Gods will The reason why God placed Adam in Paradise was that hee might dresse it and keepe it the reason why God drove not the Canaanite out of the land was because the wickednesse of the Amorites was not yet full Gen. 15.16 The reason why God brought Israel thorow the desart rather than per compendia by more compendious and neerer wayes was that they might not easily bee met by their enemies Yet then onely must a reason of his will be given when he himselfe hath given it in his Word Of the finall causes of election For the finall causes of predestination they are plainly set downe by Paul especially citing that of Pharaoh Rom. 9.17 For this same cause have I stirred thee up that I might shew my power in thee and that my name might be glorified thorowout all the earth or for this verie cause have I appointed thee as it is Exod. 9.16 And of the elect hee saith it was that God might shew the riches of his glorie upon the vessells of mercie Rom. 9.23 and as there is a finall so there may be a materiall cause Men who are predestinated and the benefits which God bestowes on the elect vocation justification sanctification glorie But the question is touching the cause impulsive whether it were his meere will or his fore-seene faith and workes That faith and workes be Of the impulsive cause of election was the Tenent of the old Pelagians renewed in latter times by some counterfeit Lutherans at the first maintaining faith simply to be the cause of election yet afterward onely the instrumentall and not the meritorious cause of election See the Rhemists In Annotat. in Rom. 9. Observe then 1. what wee hold 2. our arguments 3. the opposition of the adversarie In the decree of election there is a double act The first concernes the end The second the means I ground this proposition upon Rom. 9.11 That the purpose according to election might remaine where I see first in Gods decree an election before the purpose of damning or saving And Rom. 8.29 30. Those whom hee foreknew he did predestinate to be made like to the image of his Sonne and whom hee predestinated them c. where there is a manifest difference betweene the decree viz. predestination and the execution of his decree which consists in these three 1. Vocation 2. Iustification 3. Glorification The first act I call a part of Gods divine purpose whereby hee bringeth some men into love and favour passing by the rest and makes them vessels of honour and these are the acts of the sole will of God without all respect to either good or evill in the creature Neither doth God wrong any though he chuse not all because hee is tied to none as a man having no childe of his owne and seeing a multitude of beggers adopteth one of them and leaveth out the rest though hee shew mercie on him whom hee adopts yet doth no wrong to the rest so is it with God The second act is a purpose of saving or conferring glorie and this hath no other impulsive cause than the former viz. the good pleasure of God as Ephes 1.5 Hee hath predestinare us to bee adopted through Iesus Christ according to the good pleasure of his will where note that this purpose of saving is with regard to Christ the Mediator who was first ordained to be a Mediator between God and man as 1 Pet. 1.20 Hee was ordained before the foundation of the world Secondly promised by the mouth of the Prophets as Isa 9.6 Thirdly revealed Fourthly applyed when Christ is given unto us of God the Father by the right use of the Word and Sacraments and received of us by true faith the last is the accomplishment of the application which is glorie when God shall bee all in all by Christ
and ordination of God Lib. 1. cap. 3. And S. Ambrose Of the calling of the Gentiles frames the argument of the place quire otherwise that Christs meaning in that Parable was to shew onely that men converted at the end of their dayes shall be by Gods mercie partakers of glorie and happinesse as well as others And so I come to the second part of predestination Of reprobation and the causes of it which makes the greater doubt whether reprobation have any other impulsive cause or reason besides the pleasure and will of God that is whether their fore-seene infidelitie and impenitencie in sinne did move God to reprobate any This latter that it was for sinne was anciently maintained by the Pelagians as may appeare by S. Augustines disputations against them in latter times by Stapleton Antidot in Epist ad Rom. onely of purpose to contradict Calvin his reasons be 1. Because the Apostle calls reprobation the hatred of God citing that of Malachy chap. 1. vers 3. I have hated Esau Now God hates nothing in man but sinne therefore God must needs fore-see that Esau would sinne and therefore hated him 2. From the Apostles words whom he will he hardeneth God hardeneth none but such as have an ill will already for which hee hardeneth them 3. From those words He suffered with much patience the vessels of wrath Rom. 9. vers 22. 4. Vpon those words God being willing to shew his anger now God shewes his anger against nothing but sinne and therefore did fore-see sinne which moved him to anger 5. The Apostle makes the cause why God did cast off the Iewes to bee partly their pride and vaine boasting of the Law Rom. 9.31 Israel which followed the Law of righteousnesse could not attaine to the Law of righteousnesse partly their incredulitie through unbeleefe they are cast off Rom. 11.20 and these doe shew that the sins of everie reprobate are to God a cause lawfully moving him why he doth absolutely reprobate him On the contrarie Calvin in that excellent book of predestination confuting Pighius cites that of the hating of Esau to prove that it was not for sin 2. That in Rom. 9. He hath mercie on whom he will and whom he will he hardeneth therefore his will is the onely cause of mercie and induration 3. The potter makes one vessell to honour another to dishonour onely because hee will much more God 4. That which is common to all both elect and reprobate cannot be the cause of reprobation now sinne was fore-seene not onely in the reprobate but in the elect also For by nature wee were all the children of wrath as well as others Ephes 2.3 5. Christ attributes the cause of illumination in some to Gods good pleasure of Excaecation in others to his good pleasure Some heare and have wisdome revealed unto them that they may bee saved some heare not but wisdome is hid from them I thanke thee O Father Lord c. and it is so because thy good pleasure was such Matth. 11.25 26. Thus you see what is said on both sides heare now for resolution what is to be established for conclusion Stapleton makes a two-fold reprobation Antid pag. 567. the one comparative the other absolute The comparative whereby one man and not another and this man rather than that being in the same masse and condition is ordained to punishment and the cause of this hee makes the sole will of God without any respect at all unto sinne Quaest ad Simplicianum lib. 1. quaest 2. So Augustine hath fully resolved the question The other absolute whereby God ordained this or that man to destruction and the cause of this is their foreseene sinne But this cannot be true for God did fore see sinne in the elect as well as in others and yet did not reprobate them and therefore sinne could not be the cause of absolute reprobation any more than of the comparative Bellarmine writing of grace and free-will Lib. 2. cap. 16. comes neerer than Stapleton and resolves it thus that in reprobation there is a double act the one negative whereby God did decree not to have mercie on some whereof saith he there is no cause in man but it is only of the will of God The other act is positive whereby hee decreed to damne those upon whom hee decreed not to shew mercie and the cause of this hee makes the fore-sight of mans sinne But I thinke that Paraeus upon Rom. 9. hath gone as neere to the truth as any other whom I am content to follow till I see a sounder than he 1. We are to hold The causes of reprobation spoken of in the Scriptures two wayes that the Scriptures speak of the judgements of God and of the causes of damnation and reprobation two wayes 1. According to that absolute power which God hath over man and all creatures and then ascribes the cause of all to his good will pleasure So in Isa 45.7 I am he that for me the light and create darknesse I make peace and create evill c. So Ephes 1.11 He worketh all things according to the counsell of his will 2. According to that ordinate right that is the rule of distributive justice revealed in the Law and in the Gospell to which Law God doth as it were submit himselfe and according to that which is there revealed he would have us to thinke of his judgements and so the cause is to be referred partly to Gods will partly to mans sin As Levit. 18.5 Ye shall keepe my statutes which if a man doe he shall live in them And Ezech. 18.4 The soule that sinneth shall die They which commit such things are worthy of death Rom. 1.31 And 2 Thess 1.6 It is a righteous thing with God to recompence tribulation to them that trouble you And out of this ground arise the conclusions thus 1. If wee speake of Gods absolute justice and right the cause of both election and reprobation is the sole will of God So Rom. 9.11 Ere ever the children were borne and before they had done either good or evill that the purpose might remaine c. And vers 15. I will shew mercie on whom I will and have compassion on whom I will And vers 21. Hath not the potter power of the clay And Matth. 11.26 Even so O Father because thy good pleasure was such Neither can any reason oppose this for if the Pope should carrie many thousands to hell with him no man might say so much as what doest thou Gratian. distinct cap. 40. and shall any dare to question with God in the same 2. According to his ordinate right the Apostle speakes of it Rom. 9.22 What if God would to shew his wrath and to make his power knowen suffer with long patience the vessels of wrath prepared to destruction where there is the cause of election the good will and the cause of reprobation his will according to the rule of justice revealed
the causes of it p. 57 Election a double act in it p. 58 Election described p. 122 Election nine fruits of it p. 124 Election six markes of it p. 422 Emulation double p. 219 Emulation how God provokes to it p. 221 End of God good in evill things p. 156 Enemies of the Church how to withstand them p. 90 Man before grace is an enemie to God p. 415 Three things proving naturaâ— men enemies to God p. 418 Not to bee familiar with Gods enemies p. 419 Gods esteeme of sinners after conversion p. 285 Our esteeme of men after conversion p. 286 Why God punisheth sin eternally p. 183 Some thought the world eternall p. 468 Wicked men requite Gods Prophets evill p. 102 God doth not evill that good may come of it p. 199 God workes good out of evill p. 208 Example of Gods judgements should warne us p. 335 What to learne from others examples p. 337 Execution of the decree of election p. 59 Experience should encourage us p. 358 Expostulation with God double p. 84 Eye three things that hinder it p. 164 F. FAith the certaintie of it p. 23 Faith the properties of it p. 24 Faith forseene no cause of eliction p. 60 Faith a fruit of election ib. Faith exhortation to labour for it p. 311 Faith distinguisheth men p. 315 Faith five benefits from it p. 316 Faith no privilege without it will doe good p. 434 The elect cannot finally fall away p. 14 76 319 320 360 Comfort to the Saints that they cannot fall p. 16 77 Fals of Gods children p. 17 How to be armed against the doctrine of falling away p. 77 Reprobates fall finally p. 206 Saints to bee humbled by their fals p. 207 Scriptures cleered that seem to allow Saints falling away p. 329 See Prophet Familiaritie betweene God and his children p. 85 Familiaritie with God how attained p. 86 Feare to offend God p. 317 Feare filiall and servile distinguished p. 318 Three things hinder from finding God p. 139 What should provoke us to follow others p. 223 To labour to bee such that others may follow us p. 226 Readinesse to forgive a signe of love to God p. 34 God onely can forgive sins p. 405 Foure reasons why God only can forgive p. 406 Fore-knowledge taken foure wayes in Scripture p. 48 Fore-knowledge different from election p. 49 Christians have God for their friend p. 416 Outward privileges without fruit nothing p. 11 Men after they are called are fruitfull p 282 Three qualifications of our fruit p. 284 G. GEntiles the fulnesse of them when p. 379 Faith the gift of God p. 60 Heaven the gift of God p. 62 Gifts of Ministers should be great p. 257 Gifts not to be proud of any p. 290 Gifts apt to pusse up p. 304 All the good we have is of gift p. 424 Glorie of God the end of election p. 56 Glorie to God from all things p. 474 Glorie how men should aime at it p. 475 Manichees hold two Gods p. 92 Comfort to Saints they have a God p. 106 God how hee hardens men p. 146 Sinne onely against God p. 406 How all things are of God p. 467 To give God the glorie of his goodnesse p. 202 God workes out of sinne a three-fold good p. 209 God gives not way to ill but he workes good out of it p. 420 Gospell to apply it to our selves p. 267 Gospell wee should live answerable to it p. 269 Gospell not spread over the world the second time p. 377 Gospell taken away fearefull p. 378 See Death Convert Grace how taken p. 124 Grace why God withdrawes it p. 149 Grace how God withholds it p. 159 Grace onely pleaseth God p. 282 Greatnesse inferior to grace in two respects p. 43 Great favours should assure us of lesse p. 359 See Acceptance All men naturally guiltie p. 438 H. HAppinesse of beleevers wherein p. 410 Happinesse wrong placed by Philosophers p. 411 See Assurance Hardnesse what meant by it p. 140 Hardnesse a complaint of it p. 142 Hardnesse three efficient causes of it p. 146 Hardnesse three things in it p. 151 Hardnesse of heart the parts of it p. 153 See God Two things notable in an Hart. p. 30 Who are hated of God p. 417 Difference betweene good and bad in hearing p. 165 To take heed to our hearing p. 169 Of care in hearing the word p. 256 See Profit God can preserve his people without help p. 471 Holinesse above greatnesse p. 43 Holinesse a fruit of predestination p. 73 See Blessed Signes of a vessell of honour p. 61 Ministers should honour their calling p. 251 Danger of those that seeke their owne honour in preaching p. 254 Hope what it is on p. 435. Former sinnes should humble us p. 279 Hungring after righteousnesse a signe of election p. 29 Hungring after righteousnesse five things in it ib. Hunger a definition of it ibid. I. A Mercie in evill times to be kept from idolatrie p. 108 They that fall to idolatrie God acknowledgeth not p. 110 See Bowing Jehovah what it signifieth p. 91 Three conclusions from the word Jehovah p. 92 Jewes conversion hopefull p. 264 407 Five privileges of the Jewes p. 294 Jews conversion proved p. 376 Jewes conversion not yet past p. 380 Jewes comming in what hinders it p. 381 Jewes the number that shall be called p. 383 Imputation See Righteousnesse Election immutable p. 56 God immutable therefore the elect shall not fall away p. 422 God hates and punisheth infidelitie p. 193 Infidelitie separates between God and man p. 309 The foulnesse of infidelitie in six things ibid. Infidelitie makes God angrie p. 348 Infidelitie the miserie of it p. 432 Minister Gods instrument p. 256 Intercession of Christ reconciles us p. 398 Judgements onely must not be preached p. 7 Judgements how to be freed from them p. 340 None can have glorie that are not justified p 73 What it is that justifieth us p. 134 K. GOd repayes wrongs in t e same kinde p. 182 Kingdomes their raines attributed to false causes p. 46 A great judgement to neglect the meanes of the knowledge of God p. 163 L. THree things in Christ that cannot bee found in the Law p. 181 Transgression of humane Lawes when it is sinne p. 406 Two things argue life in the soule p. 262 Vpon what ground we should live to God p. 396 Love to God a signe of election p. 34 Signes of love to God ibid. Motives to love Christians p. 88 Love of God should keepe us from sinne p. 345 Men are willing to learne of those they love p. 362 How Ministers should gaine love of people ibid. Mutuall love betweene Ministers and people in three things p. 364 M. MAlice See Vaine Manichees See God Care in using the meanes a signe of salvation p. 53 Wee are predestinated to the meanes as well as to the end p. 25 God workes good for his by unlikely meanes p. 213 Ministers must neglect no meanes to save the soules of their people
saying THe second argument to prove that all the Iewes are not rejected Exposition is taken from Gods fore-knowledge and seemes to be thus framed God hath not cast away his people which he knew before but some Iewes are such people as God knew before therefore some Iewes are not cast off The termes are most of them easie for God hath not cast away his they are called his whom he from eternitie did purpose to save For rejection it is either temporarie or eternall he doth cast off his for a time and seemes to hide his face and loving countenance from them I will goe away untill they seeke mee Hos 5. But eternally he casts off none but such as were of old ordained to condemnation for this fore-knowledge some say was of them whom he fore-knew to bee apt to receive faith but this was the errour of the Greekes attributing too much unto mans free will and was much opposed by Augustine For it is thus said Deut. 7.7 8. The Lord set his love upon you not because you were many but because he loved you freely That is without any cause in you Oecumenius understands it comparatively hee fore-knew them before the Gentiles that is to bee called before the Gentiles But as Beza well observes here is no mention of calling but of eternall predestination Some take it thus which he knew that is enlarged and endowed with excellent benefits and privileges But this is sufficiently controlled by Tolet Annet 1. and hath indeed no warrant in the Text. This fore-knowledge of God saith Paraeus in Scripture is taken foure wayes First most largely for his generall knowledge whereby he knoweth things to come and not to come all things that are done in heaven and in earth of this spake Peter unto Christ in Ioh. 21.17 Lord thou knowest all things and this knowledge is only of the understanding and speculative this is not the cause of any thing nor is to be called his predestination because hee knowes many things to be done which are not done by his counsell and will Aquin. Sum. 1. quaest 14 â—rt 8. as Aquinas Secondly it is used for the foreknowledge of those things which he decreeth to be both of good which he purposeth to doe and of evill which hee purposeth to permit This practicke knowledge is not without counsell and is the infallible cause of all things that are and is that providence whereby the world is governed called the determinate counsell and fore-knowledge of God Acts 2.23 And yet this differs from election The difference between fore-knowledge and election as the whole from a part for election is but one part of predestination and providence and in this sense the reprobates are fore-knowen viz. preordained to punishment for their sinnes Thirdly strictly for the election and predestination of the Saints unto grace and glorie and so Augustine expounds this place whom he knew viz. whom he did predestinate So to fore-know is to approve as by this hee knowes not the wicked Matth. 7.23 Fourthly for the proegumenicall cause of election the free favour and mercie of God we are elect according to the fore-knowledge of God the Father unto sanctification through obedience and sprinkling of bloud where there is both the principal cause of predestinatioÌ„ God the father Secondly one end of it sanctification as well as glorie Thirdly outward or procatarcticall cause the suffering and bloud of Christ Fourthly the inward cause his fore knowledge that is his meere love unto us for from eternitie hee beheld us in Christ and in him loved us for he hath chosen us in him Ephes 1.4 Of predestination and what it is Before I come to gather the scope and drift of Paul give me leave to instruct you in that great point of predestination and therein I will make choyce of these principall heads 1. What it is 2. The order of it 3. The parts 4. The causes of predestination 5. The effects I begin with the first Bellarmine saith Degratia lib. Arbit lib. 2. cap. 9. that it is a certaine providence of God whereby certaine men out of the masse of perdition are mercifully chosen Ex massa perditionis misericorditèr electi and so are by meanes infallible directed to eternall life But this definition doth extend predestination onely to the elect which is both of the elect and reprobate and therefore unsound Secondly he makes predestination and providence all one which in themselves are different for 1. Providence reacheth to all creatures but predestination doth not so 2. Providence directs all things to naturall ends saith P. Martyr but predestination leads to those things that exceed nature as to bee adopted to bee sonnes of God to bee regenerate to bee seasoned with grace Lombard Distinct lib. 1. Dist 40. to come not onely to the hope but also to the fruition of glorie It is preparing of grace in this life and of glorie in the life to come True but this containes not all Est praeparatio gratia est praeparatio donorum Dei quibus certo liberantur qui liberantur coeteri in massa perd tionis relinquuntur De praedest Saâ—ct cap. 12. Augustine thus desines it It is the preparation of grace and of the gifts of God whereby they are certainly freed that are freed the rest are left in the masse of destruction But I will give out of all both ancient and moderne a more complete definition thus It is a most wise part of that most wise purpose of God whereby hee decreed before all eternitie some should be called to the adoption of sonnes should be justified by faith and in the end glorified others should be passed by that both by mercie on the one and justice on the other his glorie might be manifested Everie clause whereof I will demonstrate out of Scripture The 1. The proposed Genus a thing common to election and reprobation Paul Ephes 1.5 He hath predestinate us to bee adopted through Iesus Christ unto himselfe according to the good pleasure of his will And Rom. 9.11 That the purpose of God might remaine according to election And this 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 purpose and this 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 good pleasure I take to bee all one 2. I call this purpose most wise for God doth nothing rashly or unadvisedly nothing that can bee corrected amended or repented of 3. Hee constantly decrees it that it is immutable So Paul 2 Tim. 2.19 The foundation of God remaineth sure I am God and change not Mal. 3.6 And the gifts of God are without repentance Rom. 11.29 My counsell shall stand Isai 46.10 And though God say Ierem. 18.8 that hee will repent that is to bee meant not of predestination or of the will of good pleasure but of the signe that is of those punishments which hee threatned by the Prophets Nam qui mutat opera consilium non mutat Ang. Confess lib. 1. cap. 4. Though God changeth his works yet
in the word Where I finde that nothing deserves anger but sinne and God by damning such doth both prove himselfe to bee a just Iudge and takes away all cause of complaint from damned reprobates who run upon their owne damnation by their owne sinnes and so acquit God of it But to make the Doctrine plaine give me leave to premise three propositions and I will set downe my judgement in foure conclusions 1. A two-fold reprobation There is a two-fold reprobation eternall viz. Gods counsell eternall to reprobate those whom hee doth actually reprobate in time Of this speakes Paul Rom. 9.22 Vessels prepared to destruction And Iude vers 4. Temporall viz. the manifestation of his eternall counsell in reprobating those in time whom he decreed to reprobate from eternitie Of this God speakes 1 Sam. 15.23 2. Reprobation hath two acts the one negative will not shew mercie The other affirmative will condemne Two acts of reprobation The one called the decree of not shewing mercie the other the decree of punishing each of them hath two degrees The negative hath first the negation of the meanes or of grace Secondly the negation of the end and glorie The affirmative hath 1. a just hardening 2. An appointing to the punishment The 3. premise is this Reprobates may be considered either simply in themselves or comparatively with the elect whence come three questions 1. Why did God reprobate any at all indefinitely 2. Why this or that man definitely 3. Why this man rather than that Esau rather than Iacob comparatively These things being thus premised I come to the conclusions 1. Reprobation whether considered definitely or indefinitely conteining both the decree and execution is not to be called meerely absolute in respect of impulsive and finall causes but is grounded partly in Gods will partly in mans sinne a proposition partly proved already and these that follow will confirme it the more The 2. therefore is this The impulsive cause why God did reprobate some and not all according to both the negative and affirmative act was not the fore-seene sinne of any but the will of God for first God did fore-see sinne not onely in some but in all If therefore it had beene for sinne hee would have reprobated all as well as any one Secondly the potter makes not all to bee vessels of dishonour because he will So God Rom. 9.21 Thirdly why God did reprobate indefinitely some definitely these by the negative act from grace the cause was his meere will why from glorie partly his good will partly the sinne of the wicked For the first see Esau reprobated from grace by no desert but of Gods meere will Rom. 4.11 God cals to grace whom he will gives the meanes of salvation the Word and Sacraments to whom he will and calls not others because hee will not Paul did not preach in Bithynia why Because the Spirit suffered them not Acts 16.7 To you it is given to others it is not given to know the secrets of the Kingdome Matth. 13.11 Thou hast hid these things from the wise and revealed them to babes because it pleased thee Matt. 11.25 The cause why hee reprobates indefinitely some definitely these from glorie is especially the sinne of the wicked and I take it to bee sound for this reason God did eternally decree to reprobate men from glorie for that for which hee doth indeed reprobate them in time but God reprobates from glorie that is debarres from it for sinne and impietie for for this cause commeth the wrath of God upon the children of disobedience Ephes 5.6 therefore for sinne hee did decree not to give it The cause of the affirmative act of reprobation to the punishment of induration is Gods will whom he will he hardeneth Rom. 9.18 to the punishment of damnation for sinne for the soule that sinneth shall die Ezech. 18. Fourthly why God did these more than others this man more than that both by the negative and affirmative act there is no cause in men but onely the will and pleasure of God because he would so Why he freeth this man rather than that let him that can search it out so great is the depth of Gods judgements but let him take heed of a downe-fall Epist 105. ad Sixtum Cur illum potius quà m illum liberet scrutetur qui potest judiciorum Dei tam magnum profundum ver untamen caveat praecipitium saith Augustine And De bone perseverant cap. 11. Cur his potiùs quà m illis detur misericodia quis cognovit sensum Domini i. Why mercie is given rather to these than to those who knew the minde of the Lord saith the same Augustine So Ambrose De voeat Gent. lib. 2. Cur illorum misertus non sit horum sit misertus nulla comprehendit ratio i. No reason doth comprehend why he should not have mercie on those and should have mercie on these Latet discretionis ratio ipsa discretio non latet i. The reason of this separation lieth hid the separation it selfe lieth not hid And so I come to that which in the last place I proposed omitting the many by-doubts touching free-will and universall grace to wit the effects and fruits of predestination 1. Christ himselfe Of he effects and fruits of predestination 1. Christ who was predestinate to be the Mediatour and Saviour of all the elect as in 1 Pet. 1.20 he was ordained before time but in the last times declared for your sakes when God did purpose to save some then did hee purpose to send his Sonne as Ioh. 3.16 God so loved the world that he gave his onely begotten Sonne c. Whence followes this conclusion Doct. That there is no meanes to glorie but by Christ Wherefore he calls himselfe the way Ioh. 14.6 What way wilt thou goe Qua vis ire ego via quò vis ire ego veritas ubi vu permanere ego vita August 10 bune locum I am the way whither wilt thou goe I am the truth where wilt thou abide I am the life A man caunot come to God by repentance but by Christ for no man commeth to the Father but by me Ioh. 14.6 a man cannot come for a blessing but by him Ioh. 14.13 The Father gives nothing but by him Ioh. 16.23 O then let everie soule that lookes for glorie embrace Christ as Zacheus did Luc. 19.6 He came downe hastily and received him joyfully let him take that babe in his armes with old Simeon and say Lord now let thy servant depart in peace c. Luk. 2.28 29. Let him fall downe and worship him and with the wise men of the East offer unto him gold Aurum sidei thies devotionis aromatapretatis mentes bumiles probos mores animos digues Deo Tom. 10. pag. 622. incense and myrrhe The gold of faith the frankincense of devotion the myrrhe of godlinesse humble mindes good manners soules worthy of God saith Augustine Let us embrace Christ
to offer to the Idoll they afterward in detestation of their former act would bee avenged of their hands which offered by the burning of their whole bodies I proceed to the application of this storie unto Pauls time VERS 5. Vers 5 Even so at this present time there is a remnant through the election of grace THis Application containes foure points 1. The time of this preservation this time 2. The number a remnant 3. The meanes efficient and ground of preservation the election 4. The impulsive cause of election grace and not workes I begin with the time whence the observation is Doct. That God doth at all times preserve a Church that embraceth the true worship of God In Isa 6. ult There shall be desolation in the midst of the land but yet in it shall be a tenth and shall returne c. The Assyrians may make the people of Ierusalem so few that a childe may tell them Isa 10.19 yet the remnant shall returne even the remnant of Iacob vers 21. Iudah shall dwell for ever and Ierusalem from generation to generation in Ioel 3.20 whereby is signified that there shall be some of Gods Church preserved to the end of the world and if ever God had wanted a Church it would surely have beene in the time of those ten bloudy persecutions begun under Nero Onpbius Fast lib. 2. in the yeare of Christ 65. when Peter and Paul were beheaded continued under Domitian when Iohn was banisht into Pathmos under Trajane when Ignatius Bishop of Antioch under Antoninus when Polycarpe under Severus when Leonides father of Origen was martyred Quo tempore universus orbis sacro martyrum cruore insectus erat Neque unquam maâ—ri triumpho vic mus quam ciâ—n decimorum annorum strage non potuimus vinci untill the the time of Dioclesian When the world did swim with the bloud of Martyrs Neither over came wee ever with a greater triumph than when we could not be overcome with ten yeares slaughter Or if ever the Church could have beene quite pulled downe it would have beene in the dayes of Antiochus Epiphanes when he entred the temple at Ierusalem burned the bookes of Moses and the Prophets proclaimed feasting and riot in the house of God and put to death young and old Carion Chron. lib. 2. that would not renounce the Law which Moses had delivered The reason Reason because God is constant and sure in the promise which he hath made touching the continuall keeping of his Church I will marrie thee unto me for ever Hos 2.19 yea in faithfulnesse to shew that hee will never part with his Spouse againe vers 21. From whence we may take just occasion to answer the objection of the Papists Vse 1 who tell us that wee are surely not the Church because the Church was ever but we never till the time of M. Luther My reply that the Apostles and the Primitive Church for almost six hundred yeares after Christ taught as we doe and since those times hath Poperie had her growth and ever since some have maintained our religion till this day In matter of supremacie they taught as we doe till after Gregories times which was six hundred yeares after Christ yea Gregorie writing against Iohn Bishop of Constantinople Lib. 6. Epist 30. If any calleth himselfe universall Bishop he is Antichrist In matter of the Sacrament Th. Aquin. in 1 Cor. 11. Lect. 6. for a thousand yeares together the people received the wine as well as the bread Secondly to stay the malice of the Churches enemies for they labour but in vaine Vse 2 God is on her side Rom. 8.31 And when she hath none to take her part the Lord himselfe will doe it Isa 59.16 Thirdly a comfort for all good and religious hearts Vse 3 to thinke that howsoever they may bee punisht for their sinnes and enemies may bring them to the sword yet some of them shall continue and stand to see the enemies fall religion shall not quite goe downe So I come to the number a remnant There is a remnant Those that belong unto God are not many which must not bee simply understood for in themselves they be many even an hundred fortie and foure thousand Apoc. 7.4 among the Tribes of Israel and among the Gentiles a multitude which no man could number of all nations and languages stood before the Lord and before the Lambe with long white robes and palmes in their hands c. vers 9. But in comparison of those that shall be cast away they are but few as Matth. 20.16 the Apostle is peremptorie Though Israel were as the sand yet a remnant shall be saved there is much chaffe but little wheat many stones but few pearles If a man should divide the world into three parts with Ptolomie or into foure with some later writers or into six with our last Geographers as Quade and others Lib. 1. cap. 2. 〈◊〉 and you shall not finde one of seven that professeth Christ aright they are all confined into a narrow corner in the Northwest And in this corner remove Atheists Heretiques Neutrals Worldlings Hypocrites and the remainder will be verie small and there â—e doth Christ call it a little flocke Luk. 12.32 and the gate a strait gate Luk. 13.24 and the way a narrow way Matth. 7.14 And if you should but looke upon the lives and actions of most men and see how everie man wastes his life in sinne and vanitie you would joyne with mee and say there are not many that can be saved if you doe but see how all care for earth and few for heaven you will say that surely verie few can bee saved how everie man lives and rots in one sinne or other dandles and hugs one Dalilah or other you will say that few can be saved how everie man spends his dayes in libertie and loosenesse both of life and conscience how they gather and build upon earth and strive how they may continue their names here never dreaming of a building in heaven of writing their names in heaven you will say surely few can be saved What use may wee make of this but to see Vse that the ordinarie pace and course which men take can never bring a man to heaven If then we will ever bee saved and bee of that remnant 1. Wee must learne the way to heaven perfectly 2. When we know it we must walke in it 3. We must cast off all luggage and superfluitie that hinder us in it And so I proceed to that which is the foundation and ground of this preservation viz. the election of grace S. Origen in his wandring speculation Origen in Rom. 11. would here make a difference betweene those which are called by grace viz. those that beleeve in Christ and those which are called by election of grace which beside faith in Christ have good workes as if true saith could ever be without them and Chrysostome that they were elected of
grace Chrysost ibid. whom God foresaw would beleeve and the Pelagians of grace that is they who have chosen grace both of them ascribing too much to mans will The meaning is that this remnant is reserued according to the election of grace not whereby men chose grace but whereby God of his meere grace hath chosen men saith Iunius Iun. in Rom. 11. and there is in them an Hebraisme 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 according to the election of grace for according to free election saith Beza and Aquinas Beza Aquin. In them I note 1. The foundation and ground of salvation and that is Gods election 2. The impulsive cause of Gods election grace not in us but in God as Pareus and Soto Pareus Soto In the handling whereof and here note 1. what it is Election is that part of Gods eternall predestination Election described whereby hee decreed before all eternity that they whom he loved in Christ should be called to the adoption of sonnes iustified by faith should doe good workes bee glorified and made conformable to the image of his Son which conformity is begun when we are justified increased daily by good workes finished in eternall glory and all this that God may shew upon them the riches of his mercy that it is of those whom hee loved in Christ it is manifest for whatsoever good we have of God it is by and through Christ 2. That they should be called So the Apostle hee hath chosen us to be adopted through Iesus Christ unto himselfe Epes 1.5 3. That they should bee justified See Rom. 8.30 whom hee called them he justified 4. To be glorified Ibid. 5. That they may bee conformable to the image of his Sonne See Paul 8.29 Out of all these arise three conclusions 1. God did elect and chose because hee looked mercifully vpon vs in Christ 2. Whomsoever hee did chose unto glory he did predestinate to be holy Homines non producit Deus ad gloriam per scelera flagitiae Peter Martyr God brings not men to glory by villanies and wickednesse saith Martyr as aboue 3. All our hope of glory depends meerely vpon our election in Christ that we are or shall be called and iustified and in the end glorified Rom. 8.29 30. This election is the first and most ancient charter that Gods children can shew for their right to their Fathers inheritance for though by vocation we be manifested to be the sonnes of God by iustification ingrafted in Iesus Christ and made partaker of all that is his and by glorification we be entred into our Fathers inheritance yet is our election the foundation of all these as 2. Tim. 2.19 Our hope that we are of his Church for onely the elect are the Church and the univocall members of Christ the head though it bee denied by Bellarmine in opposition to Wickliffe Hus and Calvin Bellarm. de Eccles mil tant lib. 3. cap. 7. Our hope that our calling is true and effectuall for they only are effectually called who are eternally elected as may appeare in the golden chaine whom hee did predestinate them hee called Rom. 8.30 Our hope that we shall never be cast off that we are preserved by Christ and shall bee raised up at the last day Iohn 6.39 That we are kept by the power of God the father through faith unto salvation prepared but showed in the last times 1. Pet. 1.5 If all depend on this let us learne whether wee belong unto it or no that we may know whether we shall ever bee glorified or no. There is no way to know it but by the fruits as 2. Pet. 1.10 The fruits are many I will note for your comfort some 1. good workes 2. a conscionable care of the meanes of salvation 3. The spirit of prayer 4. Abalienation from the world 5. Hungring and thirsting after righteousnes 6. Conflict betweene the flesh spirit 7. New obedience 8. Love to Gods ministers 9. A longing for the fulnesse and complement of Christs comming as above and so I come to the impulsive cause of election Grace Amongst men they are said to have grace Cui favet populus Who have the good will and love of the people And so with God they are said to have grace who have found grace with God But here is a manifest difference men favour none but in whom they finde something whereby they may bee allured to love them but God loved not because he saw vs to be lovely for hee loved us first and by loving us gave us that which pleaseth him So that the name of grace in Scripture is used two wayes 1. For the free love and favour of God wherewith hee imbraceth the elect Ephes 1.6 We are predestinate to the praise of the glory of his grace 2. Grace signifies the gifts freely bestowed upon us by God as Rom. 11.29 The gifts that is the graces of God are without repentance as Aquinas hath well distinguisht Quaest 110. Artic. 1. By understanding of which distinction it will appeare with what difference the Protestant and the Papist agree in this tenent that man is justified by grace as the same schooleman 2a 2ae quaest 113. Artic. 2. But the Papist by grace understands the gifts of grace conferred upon them that bee justified as the infused habit of faith good workes c. We by grace in the act of justification understand not the workes of grace which by our faults and sinnes bee made imperfect and not able to satisfie Gods justice but the good will the love which God shewes unto us out of his meere mercie Lib. 2. distinct 26. Peter Lombard hath distinguisht grace into working and co-working and fathers it upon S. Augustine Degratin lib. Arbit Cap. 7. But these bee the same grace distinguisht onely in the effects for grace doth first cure the will and so it is working 2. It caused the will being cured to doe rightly and so it is co-working In the first mans will concurs with grace passively and grace only workes but in the other when mans will is regenerate it concurres both actively and passively and so grace and mans will be co-operant I will not trouble you with those distinctions into prevenient and subsequent which are but one and by the same grace hee prevents us that wee may will hee followes us by making us to doe he prevents us by moving us to good workes hee followes us by giving perseverance nor with that of grace into grace freely given and making acceptable Grace freely given is whereby one man workes with another to salvation and is called grace freely given because it is granted to man above the facultie of nature Grace making acceptable by which man is joyned to God as Th. Aquinas Th. Aquin. quaest 12. Art 1. That which is here meant by grace is his free mercie and love from whence the point is That which moveth God to
save man Doct. was nothing in man but the free mercie of God and therefore the Apostle Ephes 1.4 5 6 7. Hee hath chosen us in him Hee hath chosen us according to the good pleasure of his will Hee hath accepted us in his Beloved to the praise of the glorie of his grace wee have the forgivenesse of sinnes according to his rich grace And Ephes 2.8 By grace are yee saved not of your selves it is the gift of God Ob. Yea but the Apostle saith Yee are saved by grace through faith therefore not onely grace but our owne faith is the cause of salvation I answer Faith is not here considered as any worke of ours but as an instrument whereby we receive grace and he must needs receive grace who will be saved by grace and how is grace received but by the hand of faith therefore faith doth not properly justifie and save a man either in whole or in part but receiveth righteousnesse and salvation and therefore is said to justifie because it receiveth salvation and righteousnesse and is the hand or instrument receiving but not deserving grace and salvation And when we say that faith doth justifie it is in respect of the object apprehended viz. Christ who only effectually and properly doth justifie by his grace So that this faith is so farre from being derogatorie from grace that no man can have grace that hath not faith to receive it and the Apostle joynes them fitly together grace whereby wee are saved and faith by which we apprehend it that which saves effectually and that which saves instrumentally that is grace and faith As the Israelites stung by serpents were healed by the brazen Serpent so are wee by Christ Ioh. 3.14 15. But they did nothing but onely looke upon the brazen Serpent so are we to doe nothing for our justification but to fix the eye of faith upon Christ whence wee see who must have the glorie for our salvation namely God 2. How vile and miserable we were before grace that there was nothing in us why God should love us or looke mercifully upon us or purpose to save us Before I proceed there is yet one generall note to be collected hence viz. That though the sins of the Iewes deserved a full rejection of them all yet God did not consider what they deserved but what might stand with his owne goodnesse and mercie So he did with rebellious Ephraim I will not destroy Ephraim for I am God and not man Hos 11.9 which is a wonderfull comfort to us poore sinner who many times deserve to be cast from Gods favour to have the meanes of salvation denied unto us to bee cast for ever from Gods presence yet God will not doe it for he considers what is sit to be done in mercie and therefore deferres his judgement from us and so I come to the conclusion of the application in the sixth verse VERS 6. And if it bee of grace it is no more of workes or else were grace no more grace but if it be of workes it is no more grace or else were worke no more worke THis latter part of the verse is left out by Origen Chrysostome and the Spanish Edition as Soto hath observed and also by the vulgar Edition but is constantly read by Arias Montanus Beza Casaubonus and in all the Greek copies they containe in them a porisme or inserence upon the former proposition the argument is raised from the nature of immediate contraries whereof the Law is in Aristotle that the putting off the one necessarily implyes the removing of the other The two contrarie termes grace and workes which cannot both be causes of election The Syllogisme seemes to bee made thus Both grace and workes cannot be the causes of election but grace is that was concluded in the fifth verse The reason of the sequele because then grace were no more grace but works But these be contraries Grace gives a reward not due a worke requires it as due As Paul distinguishing betweene faith and workes To him that worketh the wages is due not by favour but by debt Rom. 4.4 I will not insist upon the Apostles reciprocall argument I draw all to an Enthymeme we are elected of grace therefore not by workes and because the antecedent was handled before there remaines now nothing but the conclusion which I comprehend in one bare proposition thus God in mans election had no respect unto mans good workes Doct. I need not stand to tell you of Bellarmine who strongly confirmes the point in hand De grat lib. arbit lib. 2. cap. 10. In Hebr. 5. Sect. 7. contrarie to the Rhemists Annotation alleaging for themselves 2 Tim. 2.20 21. In a great house there bee vessels of honour c. If any man purge himselfe where say they by purging a mans selfe he is made a vessell of honour Bellarmines answer is good that Paul sayes not hee is made but he is that is it is hence manifest that he is a vessell of honor as if he should say there be two seals of mans being a vessel of honor the first inward that knowledge of divine approbation which is knowen onely to God the second outward the purging of our hearts and the cleansing of our consciences and reforming of our wayes of which Peter 2 Pet. 1.10 But for the further cleering of it I propose two or three reasons 1. That which is the effect fruit cannot justly be called the cause impulsive of election But all good works are effects fruits of election as the Apostle witnesseth He hath chosen us before the foundation of the world that we should be holy a Vt essemus sancti non quia suturi eramus secundium veluntatem suam non nostram quae bona esse non potest nisi ipse subveniat 〈◊〉 bona That we might be holy not because we were about to be holy and according to his will not ours which cannot bee good unlesse he makes it good saith Augustine And writing against Iulian the Pelagian b Nullum Dominus elegit dignum sed eligen do efficit dignū Lib. 5. cap. 3. The Lord chose none worthy but by electing man made him worthy 2. Our election depends not upon him that willeth Rom. 9.16 but of God that sheweth mercie c Vbi nune opera ubi merita praeterita velfutura liberi arbitrii viribus impleta Aug. in huncloc Epist 105. ad Sixtum Where are workes now where are merits past or to come filled with the powers of free will saith Augustine So that I may say of those who attribute election and justification to their workes as hee doth to Valentine a Glorianter quasi non acceperint qui opera jactitant in seipsis non in Domino gloriantur Epist 46. They glorie as if they received not who boast of their workes they glorie in themselves not in the Lord. And his conclusion against them shall be mine b Liberantur per
gratian dicuntur vosa non meritorum sed misericardiae Lib. 5. de natura gratia cap 1. They are freed by grace and are called not vessels of merits but of mercie Vnto these I adde a fourth reason if you read the ninth to the Romans where the Apostle sifts and searches out the impulsive cause of predestination hee brings all to one of these foure heads 1. To the purpose or good pleasure of God that the purpose might remaine vers 11. 2. To the will of God Hee hath mercie on whom hee will and whom hee will hee hardeneth vers 18. 3. To his power Hath not the potter power c. vers 21. 4. To his mercie It is not in him that willeth but in God that sheweth mercie vers 16. But wheresoever he doth mention election he never makes mention of workes unlesse to exclude them as P. Martyr speakes as here he doth if of grace then not of workes Lastly if workes be the causes of election then in necessitie they are of justification also for that rule in Logicke is constant Whatsoever is the cause of the cause Quicq id est causa causae est causae causati is the cause of the thing caused But good workes are not the causes of justification for first that which justifies is that which can answer the extremitie of Gods justice But mans obedience cannot doe it being onely a begun conformitie as Chemnitius speakes Exam. Trident. Concil Sess 6. To them that will doe good evill is present Secondly if justified by workes then all boasting is not excluded but all boasting is excluded For wee are justified freely by grace through the redemption that is in Christ Iesus Rom. 3.24 So that that which justifies a man is the satisfaction and obedience the justice of Christ our Mediator proposed in the Word apprehended by faith and by God imputed to all that beleeve So that we dare stand before God if that Christ stand betweene God and our sinnes that is our buckler wherewith we are protected from judgement by which we are emboldened to goe and appeare at the Tribunall of God and are there pronounced just So that though in respect of Christ it be satisfaction merit and righteousnesse yet in respect of us it is grace and mercie I could muster great Iuries of Scriptures and ancient Fathers to passe verdict on our side but I need not onely remember what Possidonius reports of Ambrose a Etsi non sic vixt ut pudeat inter vos vivere tomen non tâ—neo mors sed quia Don inum habeo bonum In vita August cap. 27. Though I have not so lived that I may be ashamed to live amongst you b Pateor non sum dignus ego nec propriu pessum meritis reguum abtinere culorum caeterum duplicâ— jure illud bâ—inens Dominuâ— hae reditate patris merito pessionu attero pse contentus alterâ—â—â— ihi dorat exenjus doâ—o jure illud vendans non cons nâ—or cap 12. yet I feare not to die not because I have lived well but because I have a good Lord. And I finde in the life of Bernard that seeming to be before Gods Tribunall and Satan opposing him and when Satan had done the good man seemed thus to reply I confesse I am not worthy neither can I by mine owne deserts obtaine the kingdome of Heaven but my Lord obtaining it by a do able right by his Fathers inheritance and the merit of his passion being content with one himselfe giveth mee the other of whose gift challenging it by right I am not confounded And therefore Bellarmine out of Bernard Because of the uncertaintie of our righteousnesse and the danger of vaine glorie Propter incertitudinem propriae jâ—â—tiae pericâ—lum in â—â—is glâ—ria tutissius â—â— est fidâ—i am totam insole Dei misericordia benâ—gnitate reponere De justif lib. 5. Cap 4. lib. 5. cap 7. propos 3. it is safest to put our whole trust in the sole mercie and goodnesse of God The Vse is to teach us first that we must not set up an Idoll in our owne hearts and thanke our selves Secondly an infinite comfort that our happinesse depends not upon our selves for then we should even be driven to despaire in regard of many sinnes and waverings which would breed not onely doubt but certaintie that wee should never be saved but seeing it depends upon God who is unchangeable Vse upon God whose promises are Yea and Amen upon God who is the same for ever wee may be sure that wee shall not misse of glorie which he hath laid up and prepared for all that love him And so I descend from the consolation of the rejected Iewes which was the first to the confirmation of their rejection which is the second maine point in the whole Chapter VERS 7. Vers 7 What then Israel hath not obtained that hee sought but the election hath obtained and the rest have been hardened IN the confirmation I note 1. The proposition to be confirmed 2. The testimonies and witnesses confirming it The proposition is aggregate and hath three branches 1. Israel hath not obtained what he sought 2. The elect have obtained what they sought for there is a taking of the abstract for the concrete 3. All the reprobates in Israel are given over to hardnesse of heart The witnesses to confirme all these are David and Isay that by the mouth of two or three witnesses everie word may be confirmed The testimony of David is in Psal 69.22 Let their table bee made a snare and a net and a stumbling blocke let their eyes be darkened that they see not which seemes to bee spoken by way of imprecation but is to be understood by way of prophecie The testimony of Isay is in Isa 6.9 God hath given them the spirit of slumber eyes that they should not see and eares that they should not heare till this day I begin with the first branch viz. Israel hath not obtained Where note 1. Who is meant by Israel not the whole number of the twelve Tribes for then had Paul beene one of them for he was of the seed of Abraham of the Tribe of Benjamine nor must wee understand by Israel those that be called Israel Rom. 9.6 viz. the elect for then the second part of the proposition were false viz. the elect have obtained But by Israel we must understand the out-casts of Israel 2. Note what this Israel sought it appeares Rom. 10.3 They being ignorant of the righteousnesse of God went about to establish their owne righteousnesse and then the meaning is that they sought life by their owne righteousnesse and therefore obtained not what they sought but for the elect who sought life by faith in Iesus Christ they found life where I would have you first note in generall the division of Israel into two parts Some elect some not some hardened some not some obtaine salvation and some doe not Doct.
cast off If God punish idolatrie in Israel it is to weane the hearts of his people from it If murmuring it is to teach us the Apostles lesson Phil. 4.11 and that in Deut. 8.3 If hee punish Cain by setting upon him a marke it is to teach us to keepe our hands free from bloud if Dives it is to keepe us free from covetousnesse if hee set a fire in the gates of Ierusalem for breaking the Sabbath it is to teach us to keepe it holy and take a delight to make it glorious Isa 58. If hee punish adulterie it is to teach us to keepe our bodies chaste and pure as sweet and fit temples for his Spirit to dwell and tarrie in The Vse is To condemne us for doing that our selves Vse which wee see God to punish in other men If God be somewhat slacke and loth to punish us as hee hath done others his patience should lead us to repentance Rom. 2.4 make thee better not worse Vide severitatem Marke the severitie of God to other sinner and the same that payes other men their deserved punishments will pay thee without speedy and sound repentance But these be points that are neere of kindred to those I have already handled and therefore I come suddenly to the consideration of his bountie to the Gentiles Behold the bountifulnesse of God God 's children must take speciall notice of Gods bountie and love to them Therefore Paul beseeches the Romans by the mercies of God Rom. 12.1 But that which is the maine point is this The consideration of Gods bountie should make man loth to offend him or to sinne against him Doct. Vide bonitatem Consider his love in our election See how Paul concludeth 2 Tim. 2.19 the foundation remaines sure Therfore let everie one that hath part in that depart from iniquitie In our creation consider the efficient cause God this should make us doe good and eschew evill wee are his workmanship c. Ephes 2.10 The materiall cause nothing but dust this should make us humble and so come to God this is a miracle of humilitie as Augustine calleth it In Psal 33. this should make us praise God as David Psal 103. we are but dust at the 14. Therefore praise him all yee Angells praise him all yee his servants praise him all his workes and in all places of his dominion and praise thou the Lord O my soule The formall cause the making us after his image which containes the immortall substance of the soule Secondly all naturall knowledg of God Thirdly all just and holy actions Fourthly regiment over all the creatures Fifthly happinesse and glorie and joy and peace plentie of all things needfull without corruption and miserie all of them should be as bridles to restraine us from sin The finall cause Gods glorie as Isa 43.7 which should make us to say with the foure and twentie Elders Apoc. 4.11 They fell downe before him that sate on the throne and worshipt him that liveth for evermore and cast their crownes before the throne saying c. In our redemption looke upon God the Father giving the Sonne of his love to bee our ransome the Sonne like the good Shepherd laying downe his life for us like the Pelican Psal 102. shedding his bloud for us Liv. Decad. 1. lib. 7. or like Marcus Curtius The use of all this is set downe in that Prophecie of Zacharias Luk. 1.74 75. That we being delivered or redeemed from the hands of our enemies should serve him in holinesse and righteousnesse He hath called us unto holinesse whereas he hath left others wallowing in their menstruous blouds Behold the goodnesse of God in thy vocation Hee hath justified thee Rom. 8.33 See his goodnesse hee hath given thee health which others want see his goodnesse wealth which others want see his goodnesse peace which others want see his goodnesse the Gospell which others want see his goodnesse friends which others want see his goodnesse hee makes the heavens to drop their raine the clouds to drop their fatnesse upon thy ground whereas to others he makes the heavens as brasse and the earth as brasse see his bountie and there is not one of these but it should worke in thee obedience and love Gene osus animus bominis sacilius ducitur quà â—n trahitur The generous minde of man is more easily led than drawen saith Seneca The heart of man that is sanctified is more wrought upon by love and kindnesse than by judgements and threats Slaves and servants obey for feare but sonnes and children for love and kindnesse excellent is that Text Deut. 32.6 Doe yee so reward the Lord O foolish people and unwise thou shouldest have considered that hee hath beene unto thee as a father that hee hath made and proportioned thee how he led thee in the wildernesse taught thee and kept thee as the apple of his eyes as the Eagle stirreth up c. The reason hereof is this When men abstaine from sin because God hath loved them then God continues his mercie and loving kindnesse But when love and kindnesse cannot make them love God againe then God takes his mercie away from them They that loue thee and thy Law shall have great prosperitie and shall feele no hurt Psal 119.165 But when God shewes his mercie and love unto a people and it workes not obedience prevents and overtakes them with blessings and still they continue to sinne against him then God upbraids them with the gifts hee hath given them ceaseth to doe them good and removes his blessings from them Hee made Israel fat and grosse and laded them with fatnesse But when they regarded it not then the Lord was angrie and said I will hide my face away from them Deut. 32.19 20. The Vse is Vse To teach us that if wee would love God as sonnes and continue in his grace and favour as deare children and have God to continue his fatherly love and kindnesse to us to set downe and keepe in memorie all the loving blessings that God hath given us Remember how at the first he created us men and not beasts and vile creatures Laertius reports of Thales Milesius that he was used to account himselfe much beholding to God for three things 1. That hee made him a man not a beast 2. A man not a woman 3. A Greeke not a Barbarian But what is this to us He hath done for us more wonderfull things he hath made us not onely not beasts but little inferiour to the Angels Psal 8. not onely men but adopted us for his owne sonnes and children Ephes 1.5 When we were dead he revived us lost he sought us taken prisoners hee ransomed us in darknesse enlightned us in want provided for us his mercies are renewed unto us everie morning Lam. 3.23 Behold here the bountifulnesse of God and his patience and let this draw thee to repentance Rom. 2.4 His love and let this bring thee to obedience The Lord loved thee and
but beloved after their conversion Concerning the Gospell Some give this sense If a man should judge of them by their persecution of the Gospell he could hardly hope for their conversion yet in regard of election and promise wee must doe it But it will appeare more plaine if you consider the next clause 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 for your sakes that is The Gentiles are by accident the cause why the Iewes hate the Gospell Quia â—nim Iudaei visebant Gentes Evangel um ans plecti idâ—o mâ—litiosâ— Evangeliis abjiciebant For because the Iewes saw the Gentiles did embrace the Gospell therefore did they maliciously cast away the Gospell Now if you will know why they are enemies the text gives two reasons First from the occasion not given but taken to wit the Gospell which they refused Secondly the end that the Gentiles by their unbeleefe might enter in If you would know why there is hope of their receiving there be also two reasons First their election unto life Secondly Gods promise and covenant made with their fathers both immutable Lastly how are they beloved for the fathers sake 1. Not for their fathers merits as Lyranus thinks Non propter merâ—â—a patrum on Rom. 11. 2. Nor because that after their conversion the Lord shall put them in minde of their fathers as Ambrose thinks Non quia sequuntur patrum sidem 3. Not because they follow the faith of their fathers as Origen thinkes for that is true of beleeving Gentiles also But they are beloved for the fathers sake that is for the promises made to their fathers as Tolet and the ordinary glosse Propter promissiones Patribus factas because they are descended of those parents to whom God made that covenant Gen. 17.7 I will be the God of thee and of thy seed Hence arise two questions 1. Quest. 1 Can one and the same man be both enemie and friend beloved and hated of God Yea Answ Paul before his conversion was loved in regard of election for Gods love was the impulsive cause of his election yet an enemie to God in persecuting his Church which whosoever doth persecute doth persecute Christ Saul Saul why persecutest thou mee c. Act. 9.4 Thus Christ is said to give his life for his friends Ioh. 15.13 and Rom. 5.10 to reconcile us when we were enemies So the elect are by nature children of wrath and enemies and yet friends and beloved before grace and sanctification because by the mercy of God they are from eternitie chosen and beloved in Christ 2. Quest. 2 If any one be beloved for the fathers sake then a man may be converted and called by reason of and for his fathers merits and so every man lives not by his owne faith The argument is not good Answ For first regeneration comes not by succession but proceeds from grace Secondly children of faithfull parents are not accepted to eternal life for their parents faith but must beleeve themselves and be saved by their owne faith as Habac. 2.4 Lastly in that the Iewes are beloved for their fathers sake as Salomon was never wholly deprived of Gods Spirit and favour for Davids sake 2 Sam. 7.14 15. It proceeds not from their workes or persons but from Gods gracious and everlasting Covenant which is the root and fountaine of it For the summe of his Covenant is this I will bee their God and the God of their seed And some there must bee to whom this Covenant is made and that some is beloved for the Covenants sake The parts are two The parts The present condition of that Nation miserable enemies as concerning the Gospell The future condition what they shall be that is hopefull Beloved for the fathers sake In the former observe 1. Their miserable condition enemies 2. Whereby this appeares by their contempt of the Gospell 3. The offence and scandall the Gentiles for your sakes I begin with the condition enemies This is the condition of man before grace and without the favour of God Man before grace is enemie to God Doct. Therefore the Apostle speaking of the converted Ephesians saith that naturally and before grace they were children of wrath as well as others Whatsoever is their state now their hope now their privilege now that they are engrasted into Christ yet before that time they were children of wrath as well as others Ephes 2.3 In Rom. 5.10 Before we were reconciled by the death of his Sonne wee were enemies In Col. 1.21 While our mindes are set on evill workes wee are enemies while our mindes are on the earth and our affections to the things of the world we are enemies for the love of the world makes us enemies to God Iam. 4.4 If the world should love us Si mundus nos deligeret diligendus non esset Aug. â—e mundi venitate cap. 1. wee should not love it saith Augustine Hence is it that wee are reconciled to God Who are reconciled but enemies That we are set at peace with God by the crosse and bloud of his Sonne to note That before the peace was concluded we were enemies The reason Reason Till the time that God give grace man doth nothing but sinne his best actions are sinne and this sets God and him at oddes Let Paul be witnesse Rom. 14. ult Whatsoever is not of faith is sin Be witnesse Salomon His prayer is abhomination Prov. 15.8 First Vse 1 to teach unregenerate men to see their owne miserable condition and danger wherein they live Gods enemies The Lord will make warre with them and if they obtaine not a peace destroy them for ever Hee will send the host of Angels to destroy the great Host wherewith he shakes Kings and Kingdomes Ioel 2.25 Secondly Vse 2 it shewes the happinesse of all that are sanctified they are no more enemies but friends not servants but sonnes not strangers but heires they are no more children of wrath but of the promise they fight not against God but for him they are christened by his name Christians fight his battels Christs Souldiers receiving the Sacraments dwell in his house the Temple of his Spirit have already the earnest penny of their inheritance and after the conflict shall have a crowne of glorie O then study to be at peace with God labour to bee friends with God let your tongues praise him your lives please him your soules rejoyce in him your hands fight for him so shall you be blessed of him and invested into that Kingdome where shall be life that never dieth love that never cooleth beautie that never fadeth a crowne that never withereth God grant us all to weare it I come to the argument whereby it appeares that they are enemies Contempt of the Gospell Concerning the Gospell All men Doct. during the time that they receive not the word but resist and withstand the course and preaching of it are Gods enemies and hated of him Those that submit not to his Scepter that is
our Lord Rom. 6.23 From hence I may first approve of the conclusion of Fulgentius a Nos nec bona posse nec velle nisi Deus utrumqâ—elargiatur Ad Monim lib. 1. Wee neither can nor will doe good unlesse God gives us both Secondly I may approve of the doctrine of S. Augustine on Psal 118. b Solus liberi arbitrii vires non suffi ere ad divina mandata implerda The powers of the will alone suffice not to the keeping of Gods commandements and therefore must wee say without all pride Vse 2 Thou hast commanded Lord but I would it might be done for mee which thou hast commanded And therefore Augustine Give Lord what thou commandest and command what thou wilt Thirdly c Praecepisti Domine sed utinam fiat mihi quod praecepisti Da Domine quod jubes jube quod vis Aug. Confess lib. 10. cap. 29. I cannot chuse but challenge the doctrine of the Romish Church to be blasphemous Andradius saith The heavenly blessednesse which the Scripture calls the reward of the iust is not given of God gratis and freely but it is due to their works yea God hath set heaven to sale for our works Another Papist of Lovaine saith thus Vse 3 Farre be it from us to thinke Explic. Artic. Lovan tom 2. art 9. that a man should beg for heaven as a poore man doth for his almes for it is the garland which by his works he deserves Suar. in Thom. tom 1. dist 41. Suarez saith That works proceeding from grace have in themselves and of their owne nature a condignitie and proportion with the reward and a sufficient value to be worth the same and this without the merits of Christ Beggars that aske almes shew their wounds but Papists would have us to shew our merits and not begge heaven as almes due for Christs sake but challenge it as our owne and due for our works sake But what saith Origen I cannot beleeve that there is any worke which can require the reward of debt What saith Augustine Wee must understand that God brings us to life eternall not for our merits but for his owne mercie Neque enim talia sunt hominuÌ„ morita ut propter ea vita aeternâ— debeatur ex jure aut Deus injuriam saceret nisi donaret Bern. de grat lib. Arbit Bern. in Annunt Marrae Serm. 1. pag. 123. Bern. sup Cant Serm. 61. What saith Bernard Mens merits are not such that eternall life is due to them of right or that God should doe them injurie if he did not therefore bestow it See many other places of Bernard against the merits of works The mercy of God is my merit And when Bernard hath long disputed the point of grace and free will the conclusion is this Ea quae dicimus merita nostra spei quaedam sunt seminaria charitatis incentiva occultae praedestinationis indicia futurae foelicitatis praesagia regni via non regnandi causae Nurces of hope provocations of love signes of election fore-runners of future happinesse the way to the kingdome but not the cause why wee come to the kingdome of God And I would have you to observe that howsoever our adversaries boast of their works yet their most learned at their way gate have renounced them Anselmus five hundred yeeres since taught the people to die in this faith Lord I set the death of Christ betweene mee and my bad merits I offer his merits for mine which I should have but have not betweene mee and thine anger I oppose the death of my Lord Iesus So Waldensis Waldens Sacr. tit 1. cap. 74 31. Proptèr in ertitudinem prâ—priae j â—stitiae timorem inâ—uâ— gloriae tutissimum est in solo Christo omnein fiduciam reponere Bellar. de Iustis lib. 5. cap. 7. He is reputed the sounder Divine the better Catholike the more agreeable to Scripture that simply denies all merits and holds that no man can merit the kingdome of heaven but obtaines it by the grace and free will of God that gives it Bellarmine saith For the uncertaintie of ones owne righteousnesse and the feare of vaine glory it is safest to put all our trust in Christ alone Ferus saith The parable of him that hired labourers into his vineyard teacheth that whatsoever God gives Comment in Matth. 20. is of grace not of debt if therefore thou desire to hold the grace an favour of God make no mention of thy merits But I insist no longer upon the point Let us looke for life only by the merits and death of Iesus Christ and renounce our owne righteousnesse account all but dung to win Christ that wee may be found in him not having our owne righteousnesse which is of the law but that which is of God through faith Phil. 3.9 I come to the last viz. the condition and qualitie of heavenly gifts Without repentance They import the certaine fulfilling of Gods promises and words though the time be long deferred and that the Iewes shall be converted though his promise be not yet accomplished The thing aimed at is this That in regard of Gods immutabilitie Doct. wee must expect the certaine fulfilling of every part of Gods promise seeme they never so hard be they never so long delayed as vers 27. VERS 30. Vers 30 For even as yee in time past have not beleeved God yet now have obtained mercy through their unbeleefe VERS 31. Vers 31 Even so now have they not beleeved that by the mercy shewed unto you they also may obtaine mercy THese verses containe a third argument to prove the last branch and clause of the mysterie Exposition to wit that God will call home the nation of the Iewes and a perswasion to the Gentile not to despaire and doubt of it It is a topicall reason taken a comparatis from the greater to the lesse If the infidelitie of the Iewes was the occasion of shewing mercy to the Gentiles much more shall the mercy shewed to the Gentiles occasion the shewing of mercy to the Iewes for will not God take occasion to doe good from good as soone as from evill If infidelitie in the Iewes make God shew favour to the Gentile much more shall his mercy shewed formerly to the Gentile make him also now shew mercy to the Iew. The things compared are three First the infidelitie of the Gentile with the infidelitie of the Iew Secondly the mercy which the Gentile received in time past with the mercy which the Iew shall receive hereafter Thirdly the occasion of both The occasion of mercy to the Gentile infidelitie in the Iew the occasion of mercy to the Iew is mercy formerly extended to the Gentile I begin with the first branch of the comparison Yee in time past have not beleeved as if he had said Learne from your selves that yee ought not to despaire of the Iewes They are now in the verie same case wherein thou wast once They
Ioh. 15.5 My purpose is to dispute against all these in that point wherein they all agree concerning universalitie of grace the condition being kept For order I shall first lay downe my proposition Secondly the confirmation from Scripture Thirdly shew the absurd consequents of the adverse opinion My proposition is this Whereas all men were by nature children of wrath and in themselves lost God according to his good pleasure out of the whole masse elected some to whom he appointed Iesus Christ to be their Mediatour and Redeemer to prove this the Scriptures are frequent The 10. of Ioh. 15. Christ layeth downe his life for his sheepe But all are not Christs sheep for some be goats Matth. 25. some be wolves some follow the voyce of strangers Secondly Christ died onely for his friends Ioh. 15.13 But the elect onely and such as shall bee saved are his friend Thirdly the Apostle tels us Ephes 5.26 That Christ gave himselfe for his Church that hee might sanctifie it and that he is the Saviour of his bodie vers 23. But the elect onely univocally and they onely are members of his body unto these places adde these reasons founded upon the Scriptures First Reason 1 Christ died only for those that should beleeve in him Ioh. 3.16 But it is not given unto all to beleeve for you beleeve not because you are not of my sheepe Ioh. 10.26 To beleeve is a gift proper to the Elect alone As many as were ordained to eternall life beleeved Acts 13.48 Secondly Reason 2 Christ redeemed only them whose Advocate he is but he is the Advocate of the Elect onely not of the reprobates I pray not for the world but for them that thou hast given mee out of the world Ioh. 17.6 Now it cannot bee that the world should be given him out of the world and therefore although wee in charity pray for the conversion of Turks Iewes Infidels out of the world yet it followes not that Christ did pray for the whole world for he knew who they were that should bee saved and so doe not wee and therefore hope the best of them that are without and yet of the world Est mandus damnandorum de qâ—o scriptuâ—◠〈◊〉 cum mundo pereat proâ—sto non orat est mâ—â—â—â—s saâ—vandora de quo Apostolus Deuâ— erat in Christo mundam sibi reconcilâ—uâ—s pro â—sto orat Aug. in Ioh. Tract 110. There is a world of those that shall be damned of which it is written lest yee perish with the world for that he prayeth not there is a world of those that shall be saved of whom the Apostle God was in Christ reconciling the world to himselfe for that he prayeth saith Augustine Thirdly Christ died onely for those that are appointed to salvation for the death of Christ is the subordinate meanes which God useth to save those whom hee would have saved But all men in the world are nor appointed to salvation It will bee answered That it is Gods will that all should bee saved upon this condition if they beleeve So then if it can bee evicted that Gods election unto life is not conditional but absolute in setting apart a certaine number to whom only he will give power and grace to beleeve and to none other then will the Conclusion be good That for the number onely Christ hath died The first place shall be Matth. 20.16 Many are called but few are chosen Therefore though the outward meanes bee offered unto many yet onely some are elected and chosen unto life To this some have answered That there is a twofold election Generall of all who are called to the outward profession of obedience Speciall of those who obey their calling and persevere in faith to the end So they make the meaning this That few are elected not in respect of any election and separation in the decree of God But because among many some onely persevere unto the end To this I answer 1. There can bee no such generall election for what election where all are received 2. To say many are chosen where Christ saith but few are chosen what is this 3. To the point If that speciall election depend upon mans perseverance and not mans perseverance upon election If men bee elect because they persevere and not rather persevere because they are elect then are men causes of their owne election and chuse God first contrarie to that rule of Christ You have not chosen me but I have chosen you Ioh. 15.16 Contrarie to the Apostle We loved not God but God loved us first 1 Ioh. 4.10 Contrarie to that of S. Paul Who hath separated thee but God who separates and distinguishes one from another 1 Cor. 4.7 Secondly Matth. 20.23 The Kingdome of God shall be given unto them for whom it is prepared of my Father Therefore it is not prepared for all and to strengthen this Conclusion the Apostle saith that some bee vessels of wrath prepared to destruction Rom. 9.22 To this they answer That these places prove not any particular exception of some from glorie but that the kingdome is indifferently prepared for all that shall beleeve and they that beleeve not are by their incredulitie prepared to destruction whereunto this is my reply Wee grant that none but beleevers are ordained to glorie but wee make faith and beleeving an effect and consequent of election and preparation unto glorie So that the number of beleevers is as certaine as the number of the elect For I aske whence is it that we have faith It is not of our selves it is the gift of God Ephes 2.9 If faith bee Gods gift how is it that all have not faith There is no reason but because God gives it not to all And why doth not God give it unto all But only because God hath chosen some whom bee purposeth to save in Christ and to these only is faith given If it be said that God gives it to all but all receive it not then is Gods will resisted and mans will frustrates the purpose of God contrarie to that rule of the Apostle Rom 9.19 Who hath resisted his will I come to the absurdities that follow upon this First Absurdities that would follow universall grace to affirme that Christ died universally for all that should beleeve and not for any speciall number takes away Gods predestination makes it a confused and conditionall purpose whereas the Scripture reacheth that Gods election is certaine and definite that hee hath decreed and knoweth the number of the elect 2 Tim. 2.19 The Lord knoweth who are his Ioh. 10.3 Christ calleth his sheepe by name Secondly it would follow that election should be from the fore-sight of faith contrarie to the Apostle Ephes 1.5 who saith That he hath predestinate them through Iesus Christ unto himselfe according to the good pleasure of his will Non quia sancti cramus futuri aut quia fuâ—â—us sed ut essimus Aug. depraedest lib. 1. cap. 18. Not
lawfull calling is the common good as members for the common good of the body be it politicke or naturall Therefore many perswade themselves that they have lawfull callings when they have none such as live by usurie carding dicing playing these have neither the Author God nor the end the common good Now in the right use of a calling consider foure things First that they make choyce of a calling which is lawfull and honest Secondly that they make choyce of a calling which is fit for them and they for it Epist Endoxio Rhâ—tori Nazianzene reports of the Athenians That when their youth came to bee of age fit for employment they permitted them to make choyce of such callings in which they saw them take most delight because those things best succeed which we undertake by natures guidance Thirdly hee that is fitted for many must make choyce of the best Art thou called being a servant care not for it that is Though thy calling bee meane and hard yet shake it not off but beare it patiently 1 Cor. 7.21 Fourthly leave it not without good warrant but I hasten to my conclusion Let everie man examine his calling at the Apostles rule 1 Cor. 7.24 Let everie man wherein he as called walke with God No calling is lawfull when the action pleaseth not God as 1 Cor. 10.31 By this I hope some will learne at last to give over their calling whereby they bring not honour but dishonour unto God Those that live upon usurie by dicing houses by penning and acting of playes let them all remember this mine heart trembles to thinke what calling these men have my soule wonders how they glorifie God in them I marvell how these make for a publike good how God is honoured a kingdome bettered the common good promoted by them I know not I beleeve not And so I come to the Cui who must have all this honour Him It was the proud speech of Sennacherib Have any of their Gods delivered the Nations out of mine hand Isa 36.18 taking the glorie of all victories unto himselfe None may challenge the glorie of any thing that hee doth or hath unto himselfe The glorie must not rest upon him that hath any good but must bee returned to him that gave it Now it is God that gives everie good thing that wee enjoy for Everie good and perfit gift comes downe from the Father of lights Iam. 1.17 FINIS The Table A. PArents greatnes cannot pâ—ocure acceptance for their children pag. 41 Account must bee given by Ministers for their peoples soules pag. 253 Workes of God admired by the godly p. 454. Christ an Advocate to all he died for p. 447 Wicked men think the godly out of favour because afflicted p. 10 Men are ready to afflict the afflicted p. 302 No outward privilege can exempt from Gods anger p. 12 God answers his peoples prayers p. 104 Why God doth not answer sometimes p. 105 Apostles of foure kindes p. 244 Apostles excelled in six things p. 245 Spirit of application a signe of election p. 26 Faithfull Preachers make application to their people p. 241 Application of Stories of others to our selves p. 242 Assurance of salvation may be had here p. 22 75 Assurance of salvation set downe Rom. 8. p. 24 Assurance Papists errour concerning it p. 38 Assurance beleevers happinesse by it p. 39 Attention great to weightie points p. 365 God takes sinne quite away in forgivenesse p. 409 God takes sinne away three wayes ibid. B. BAal what it signifieth p. 115 Baal the originall of it p. 116 Children may be saved that dye unbaptized p. 276 Everie wicked man base p. 44 All riches without grace is beggerie p. 236 God beholding to none p. 470 Christ died onely for beleevers p. 447 Why Paul saith hee was of Benjamin p. 19 How to know we benefit by the ordinances p. 243 Best See Punishment Holinesse makes blessed p. 13 What is due to God of his blessings p. 271 Wee should register Gods blessings p. 346 Blindnesse a punishment of unbeleevers p. 187 Blindnesse spirituall and bodily compared p. 188 Blindnesse spirituall freedome from it requires thankefulnesse p. 189 Boldnesse of sinne p. 297 Spirituall judgements set forth in borrowed terms and why p. 185 Bowing a token of subjection p. 115 Bowing before an Idoll idolatrte p. 117 Bowing the backe what p. 191 Bountie to Saints a signe of love to God p. 34 Bountie of God should keepe us from sinne p. 343 C. NO sinner so desperate but may bee called p. 264 What Calling wee should chuse p. 476 Why men are so prone to censure others p. 431 Certaintie See Faith Promises to godly parents belong to their children p. 272 What holinesse is traduced from parents to children p. 274 All the elect committed to Christ p. 14 Elect desire the comming of Christ p. 37 Wee are predestinate in Christ p. 52 No meanes to glorie but Christ p. 71 The Iewes conversion a little before the comming of Christ p. 381 All our deliverance by Christ p. 390 Evils of countries imputed to Christians p. 234 Foure signes that there are few members of the true Church p. 113 In greatest revolts God preserves his Church p. 372 Gods promises to keepe his Church p. 373 Combat betweene flesh and Spirit a signe of election p. 30 Comforts must 〈◊〉 bee concealed from the wicked p. 5 Comfort for Christians in all estates p. 87 Comfort to the elect that they have a God to goe to p. 106 See Fall Place Wicked might have much good by the company of good men p. 224 Motive to confesse sinne p. 408 The Gospell though opposed shall convert the Elect. p. 378 Pope made Iudge of controversies and why p. 81 The word written the Iudge of controversies p. 144 God when he pardons sinne removes the guilt and corruption p. 406 Covenant of God that the Saints cannot fall away p. 16 Al that are called Christians not in Covenant p. 17 The Iewes within the Covenant shall not bee lost p. 384 Two acts in the counsell of â—oâ— p. 54 Sinne cries for judgement p. 369 R probation no act of crueltie p. 56 Curse how wee are freed from it p. 394 D. LIving in sinne a state of death p. 261 Pelagians errour touching death in sinne p. 262 Gospell raiseth men from death p. 266 We are reconciled by Christs death p. 399 God defendeth his Church p. 90 118 Deliverance by Christ. p. 390 Despaire the evill of it p. 353 Mâ—anes of grace abused turne to destruction p. 168 Destruction from the best things of wicked men p. 177 Destruction to seeke life in the Law p. 181 Destruction not aimed at in Gods decree p. 200 Man the cause of his owne destruction p. 312 Donatists errour p. 353 Drowsinesse in the best Christians p. 350 E. EAre how needfull a member p. 169 Election not proved by outward privileges p. 12 Election nine signes of it p. 25 Election three things concerning it p. 56 Election