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those_o of_o the_o water_n into_o motion_n induce_v a_o sensation_n of_o cold_a and_o consequent_o there_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o privation_n of_o that_o motion_n which_o before_o cause_v heat_n argument_n the_o second_o argument_n another_o argument_n allege_v for_o the_o positive_a nature_n of_o cold_a be_v this_o from_o gassendus_fw-la cùm_fw-la per_fw-la hyemem_fw-la immittimus_fw-la manum_fw-la in_o labentis_fw-la fluminis_fw-la aquam_fw-la quod_fw-la frigus_fw-la in_o ea_fw-la sentitur_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la dici_fw-la mera_fw-fr privatio_fw-la aliudque_fw-la prorsus_fw-la esse_fw-la apparet_fw-la sentiri_fw-la aquam_fw-la frigidam_fw-la &_o sentiri_fw-la non_fw-la calidam_fw-la et_fw-la fac_fw-la eandem_fw-la aquam_fw-la gelari_fw-la sentietur_fw-la haud_fw-la dubie_n frigidior_fw-la a_o dices_fw-la boc_fw-la esse_fw-la nihil_fw-la aliud_fw-la quam_fw-la minus_fw-la calidam_fw-la sentiri_fw-la atqui_fw-la calida_fw-la jam_fw-la antea_fw-la non_fw-la erat_fw-la quomodo_fw-la 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nihil_fw-la agere_fw-la unde_fw-la ejus_fw-la motus_fw-la incutiatur_fw-la potest_fw-la but_o without_o suppose_v insensible_a matter_n to_o be_v in_o the_o least_o capable_a of_o proscecute_v or_o avoid_v what_o be_v hurtful_a to_o it_o this_o objection_n be_v easy_o answer_v for_o the_o reason_n why_o warm_a water_n feel_v hot_a and_o cold_a affect_v we_o upon_o immerge_v our_o hand_n in_o it_o be_v because_o the_o part_n of_o the_o one_o be_v more_o and_o the_o part_n of_o the_o other_o less_o agitate_a than_o those_o about_o the_o sensory_a and_o the_o motion_n of_o humour_n about_o our_o sensory_a be_v increase_v we_o feel_v a_o hot_a sensation_n and_o a_o cold_a one_o upon_o a_o privation_n of_o that_o motion_n five_o a_o five_o and_o though_o it_o be_v urge_v by_o some_o in_o favour_n of_o the_o positive_a nature_n of_o cold_a that_o water_n be_v freeze_v by_o external_o apply_v to_o the_o outside_n of_o a_o glass_n a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n yet_o to_o show_v that_o argument_n prove_v not_o that_o cold_a act_n positive_o i_o shall_v add_v the_o follow_a explication_n of_o des_fw-fr cartes_n quia_fw-la materia_fw-la subtilis_fw-la partibus_fw-la bujus_fw-la aquae_fw-la circumfusa_fw-la crassior_fw-la aut_fw-la minus_fw-la subtilis_fw-la &_o consequenter_fw-la plum_n virium_fw-la habens_fw-la quam_fw-la illa_fw-la quae_fw-la circa_fw-la nivis_fw-la part_n herebat_fw-la locum_fw-la illius_fw-la occupo_fw-la dum_fw-la part_n nivis_fw-la liquescendo_fw-la partibus_fw-la salis_fw-la circumvolvuntur_fw-la facilius_fw-la enim_fw-la per_fw-la salsae_fw-la aquae_fw-la quam_fw-la per_fw-la dulcis_fw-la poros_fw-la movetur_fw-la &_o perpetuo_fw-la ex_fw-la corpore_fw-la uno_fw-la in_fw-la aliud_fw-la transire_fw-la nititur_fw-la ut_fw-la ad_fw-la ea_fw-la loca_fw-la perveniat_fw-la in_o quibus_fw-la mortui_fw-la svo_fw-la minus_fw-la resistitur_fw-la quo_fw-la ipso_fw-la materia_fw-la subtilior_fw-la ex_fw-la nive_v in_fw-la aquam_fw-la penetrate_v ut_fw-la 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6_o pag_n 432_o fig_n 3_o pag_n 416_o fig_n 4_o pag._n 410._o fig_n 5._o pag_n 420_o plate_n the_o three_o pag_n 435._o plate_n the_o four_o pag_n 435_o plate_n 5._o fig_n 1._o pag._n 438_o fig_n 3._o pag._n 454_o fig_n 2_o pag._n 452._o fig_n 4._o p._n 459_o plate_n 6._o fig_n 1_o pag._n 443_o fig_n 3_o pag._n 445_o fig_n 2._o pag._n 443._o fig_n 4._o pag._n 447_o plate_n 7._o fig_n 4._o p_o 470_o fig_n 2_o pag_n 4â—â—_n fig_n 3_o pag._n 470_o fig_n 1._o pag._n 456._o plate_n 8._o fig_n 3_o pag._n 474_o fig_n 4_o pag._n 〈◊〉_d fig_n 5._o pag._n 475_o fig_n 7._o p_o 477_o fig_n 8._o p_o 477._o fig_n 6_o pag._n 476_o fig_n 〈◊〉_d pag._n 4â—â—_n fig_n 2_o p_o â—â—4_n the_o work_n of_o the_o honourable_a robert_n boil_v esq_n epitomise_v book_n i._n chap._n i._o consideration_n and_o experiment_n concern_v the_o origin_n of_o form_n and_o quality_n chapter_n the_o division_n of_o this_o chapter_n that_o before_o i_o descend_v to_o a_o more_o particular_a consideration_n of_o the_o 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well_o yet_o a_o man_n and_o this_o be_v call_v accidens_fw-la praedicabile_fw-la to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o what_o they_o call_v accidens_fw-la praedicamentale_n which_o be_v oppose_v to_o substance_n and_o as_o substance_n be_v common_o define_v to_o be_v a_o thing_n that_o subsist_v of_o itself_o and_o be_v the_o subject_a of_o accident_n so_o accident_n be_v say_v to_o be_v id_fw-la cujus_fw-la esse_fw-la est_fw-la inesse_fw-la and_o therefore_o aristotle_n who_o usual_o call_v substance_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d entity_n call_v accident_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d entity_n of_o entity_n these_o need_v a_o subject_a of_o inhaesion_n and_o we_o be_v likewise_o to_o take_v notice_n that_o according_a to_o they_o that_o be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o a_o subject_a which_o have_v these_o three_o condition_n that_o however_o it_o 1_o be_v in_o another_o thing_n 2_o be_v not_o in_o it_o as_o a_o
observe_v that_o though_o such_o vacuity_n be_v necessary_a to_o constitute_v fluid_a body_n yet_o they_o be_v only_o so_o to_o use_v school-term_n as_o removens_fw-la prohibens_fw-la i._n e._n they_o prevent_v the_o inconvenience_n which_o must_v be_v the_o consequence_n of_o a_o plenitude_n viz._n want_v of_o liberty_n to_o move_v or_o in_o other_o word_n as_o they_o dispose_v the_o part_n of_o a_o body_n to_o yield_v to_o each_o other_o motion_n and_o here_o i_o will_v note_n that_o though_o in_o most_o liquid_a body_n this_o doctrine_n may_v take_v place_n yet_o i_o conceive_v it_o not_o altogether_o absurd_a to_o question_v whether_o matter_n may_v not_o be_v so_o exquisite_o agitate_a and_o divide_v as_o to_o fill_v up_o these_o vacuity_n and_o to_o be_v squeeze_v into_o any_o figure_n as_o occasion_n require_v but_o not_o to_o spend_v time_n in_o examine_v this_o point_n at_o the_o present_a i_o shall_v proceed_v fluidity_n a_o perpetual_a motion_n if_o part_v requisite_a to_o fluidity_n 3._o to_o the_o principal_a and_o last_o requisite_a in_o modify_v a_o fluid_a body_n which_o be_v that_o all_o the_o particle_n of_o a_o fluid_a body_n shall_v be_v separately_z and_o various_o move_v up_o and_o down_o either_o by_o virtue_n of_o some_o subtle_a matter_n diffuse_v through_o their_o substance_n or_o a_o inherent_a quality_n of_o their_o own_o for_o the_o difference_n betwixt_o solid_a and_o fluid_a body_n seem_v to_o consist_v in_o this_o viz._n that_o the_o part_n of_o solid_n be_v at_o rest_n and_o not_o so_o apt_a to_o yield_v to_o the_o pressure_n of_o one_o finger_n as_o the_o part_n of_o liquids_n be_v which_o be_v in_o motion_n since_o the_o latter_a be_v already_o agitate_a to_o and_o fro_o it_o be_v much_o more_o easy_a to_o guide_v that_o motion_n than_o to_o put_v the_o part_n of_o a_o body_n into_o motion_n who_o part_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o motion_n must_v be_v at_o rest_n till_o move_v by_o a_o agent_n powerful_a enough_o to_o put_v 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experiment_n salt-petre_n then_o may_v become_v a_o fluid_a body_n either_o by_o have_v the_o particle_n of_o it_o dissolve_v in_o water_n so_o that_o they_o may_v move_v up_o and_o down_o and_o to_o give_v way_n to_o the_o impression_n of_o a_o external_n agent_n as_o the_o other_o part_n of_o that_o liquid_a do_v or_o it_o may_v put_v on_o a_o liquid_a form_n by_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n in_o a_o moist_a cellar_n where_o by_o run_a per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la the_o salt-petre_n will_v be_v dissolve_v and_o put_v on_o so_o far_o the_o form_n of_o a_o liquid_a as_o to_o have_v all_o its_o part_n in_o a_o agitation_n sufficient_a to_o rank_v it_o among_o fluid_a body_n but_o salt-petre_n may_v put_v on_o a_o liquid_a form_n without_o the_o addition_n of_o a_o liquid_a body_n as_o first_o it_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o so_o fine_a a_o powder_n as_o to_o resemble_v a_o liquid_a in_o the_o pour_v of_o it_o out_o of_o one_o vessel_n into_o another_o beside_o the_o other_o requisite_n of_o a_o fluid_a body_n viz._n that_o it_o have_v vacuity_n betwixt_o its_o part_n and_o that_o they_o may_v be_v easy_o put_v into_o motion_n only_o they_o differ_v from_o the_o part_n of_o liquid_n in_o some_o respect_n since_o the_o powder_n have_v not_o its_o part_n always_o in_o motion_n beside_o the_o vacuity_n be_v more_o sensible_a but_o notwithstanding_o if_o by_o the_o force_n of_o fire_n each_o of_o these_o part_n be_v again_o subdivide_v those_o insensible_a corpuscle_n be_v violent_o agitate_a make_v up_o a_o fluid_a body_n so_o the_o particle_n of_o metal_n be_v by_o the_o same_o agent_n separate_v and_o put_v into_o motion_n do_v not_o only_o move_v various_o one_o among_o another_o but_o be_v sometime_o toss_v a_o considerable_a height_n into_o the_o air._n and_o not_o only_a fire_n but_o some_o other_o body_n which_o be_v sensible_o cold_a may_v provide_v the_o texture_n and_o motion_n of_o their_o part_n be_v right_o dispose_v reduce_v several_a substance_n to_o a_o liquid_a form_n so_o camphire_n put_v on_o the_o form_n of_o a_o oil_n when_o swim_v upon_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o when_o salt-petre_n be_v by_o the_o action_n of_o fire_n endow_v with_o a_o fluid_a form_n it_o be_v equal_o a_o fluid_a as_o when_o incorporate_v with_o water_n there_o be_v very_o little_a difference_n betwixt_o these_o two_o state_n of_o nitre_n only_o that_o in_o the_o former_a the_o agent_n which_o keep_v the_o nitrous_a part_n in_o motion_n be_v more_o volatile_a and_o brisk_a and_o divide_v it_o into_o small_a part_n without_o make_v a_o addition_n to_o its_o bulk_n but_o perhaps_o it_o will_v be_v a_o scruple_n whether_o the_o powder_n of_o nitre_n be_v a_o imperfect_a fluid_n when_o pour_v out_o or_o rather_o like_o a_o heap_n of_o sand_n not_o reduce_v to_o a_o permanent_a state_n of_o fluidity_n to_o remove_v this_o scruple_n we_o may_v take_v powder_n of_o alabaster_n or_o instead_o of_o it_o plaster_n of_o paris_n and_o we_o shall_v find_v that_o by_o put_v it_o into_o a_o hot_a vessel_n by_o the_o continue_a action_n of_o the_o fire_n the_o part_n of_o that_o powder_n will_v be_v so_o agitate_a and_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o more_o spirituous_a part_n keep_v in_o motion_n as_o to_o boil_v and_o emit_v steam_n like_o a_o fluid_a body_n and_o altogether_o resemble_v a_o coherent_a substance_n yet_o if_o it_o be_v remove_v from_o the_o fire_n it_o again_o subside_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o powder_n though_o for_o once_o again_o it_o will_v assume_v the_o form_n of_o a_o liquid_a if_o expose_v to_o a_o competent_a degree_n of_o fire_n yet_o when_o the_o ebullition_n of_o the_o part_n of_o it_o be_v most_o violent_a if_o a_o small_a portion_n of_o it_o be_v throw_v upon_o a_o piece_n of_o paper_n it_o appear_v to_o be_v nothing_o but_o a_o very_a fine_a powder_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o fluidity_n depend_v on_o a_o vehement_a and_o various_a agitation_n of_o part_n which_o fluidity_n the_o same_o body_n may_v be_v deprive_v of_o by_o lose_v that_o intestine_a motion_n on_o what_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o fluids_n depend_v on_o and_o thus_o it_o brief_o appear_v how_o much_o motion_n contribute_v to_o the_o fluidity_n of_o body_n and_o here_o though_o it_o will_v be_v very_o desirable_a to_o determine_v what_o be_v the_o essential_a cause_n of_o that_o motion_n yet_o since_o it_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o too_o much_o intricacy_n it_o be_v by_o some_o hold_v to_o be_v inherent_a in_o matter_n and_o by_o other_o to_o be_v promote_v by_o impulse_n i_o shall_v rather_o pass_v it_o by_o than_o enter_v upon_o a_o examination_n of_o those_o two_o point_n especial_o since_o there_o will_v be_v the_o same_o necessity_n of_o discuss_v other_o which_o equal_o relate_v to_o the_o cartesian_a principle_n it_o may_v therefore_o suffice_v in_o short_a that_o neglect_v the_o unintelligible_a doctrine_n of_o substantial_a form_n we_o rather_o ascribe_v it_o to_o those_o catholic_n affection_n of_o matter_n motion_n shape_n and_o situation_n but_o to_o omit_v what_o we_o have_v elsewhere_o deliver_v concern_v these_o catholic_n affection_n of_o matter_n we_o shall_v observe_v what_o this_o experiment_n further_o afford_v we_o we_o be_v therefore_o to_o take_v notice_n that_o there_o be_v a_o difference_n remarkable_a betwixt_o a_o fluid_a and_o a_o body_n which_o have_v a_o quality_n of_o wet_n body_n which_o be_v contiguous_a to_o they_o since_o every_o wet_a body_n be_v fluid_a but_o not_o vice_fw-la versâ_fw-la for_o air_n flame_n melt_v liquor_n or_o salt-petre_n though_o fluid_a be_v all_o void_a of_o a_o wet_n quality_n quality_n humidity_n a_o relative_n quality_n whence_o we_o be_v lead_v to_o consider_v that_o humidity_n be_v but_o a_o relative_n quality_n depend_v on_o the_o congruity_n that_o one_o body_n
fluidity_n and_o firmness_n depend_v on_o texture_n and_o the_o motion_n or_o rest_n of_o the_o insensible_a part_n of_o matter_n the_o experiment_n be_v that_o have_v make_v a_o solution_n of_o coral_n in_o vinegar_n so_o strong_a that_o part_n of_o it_o fall_v to_o the_o bottom_n i_o pour_v dephlegm_v spirit_n of_o wine_n upon_o the_o clear_a decantated_a liquor_n so_o gentle_o that_o it_o may_v swim_v upon_o it_o for_o some_o time_n where_o it_o be_v suprize_v that_o upon_o a_o violent_a agitation_n the_o two_o liquor_n be_v mix_v together_o unite_v into_o a_o concrete_a so_o firm_a as_o not_o to_o afford_v the_o least_o drop_n of_o a_o fluid_a liquor_n yet_o by_o add_v a_o equal_a quantity_n or_o thereabouts_o of_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n it_o will_v again_o lay_v down_o that_o viscidity_n and_o become_v a_o transparent_a liquor_n and_o here_o it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o specify_v that_o this_o experiment_n be_v so_o difficult_a that_o it_o scarce_o succeed_v without_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o caution_n for_o first_o if_o the_o tincture_n be_v not_o strong_a enough_o or_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n not_o rectify_v the_o coagulation_n will_v be_v but_o partial_a and_o not_o so_o quick_a second_o the_o experiment_n have_v succeed_v in_o a_o wide-mouthed_a glass_n where_o it_o have_v a_o free_a access_n of_o air_n though_o it_o will_v not_o in_o one_o which_o be_v close_o three_o upon_o a_o infusion_n of_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n the_o mixture_n must_v be_v stir_v with_o a_o instrument_n make_v of_o gold_n wood_n or_o glass_n lest_o the_o menstruum_fw-la corrode_a it_o shall_v render_v the_o experiment_n unsuccessful_a and_o four_o the_o quantity_n of_o each_o of_o these_o ingredient_n be_v hard_o to_o be_v define_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o difference_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o tincture_n and_o the_o spirituousness_n of_o the_o spirit_n but_o it_o be_v rather_o to_o be_v learn_v by_o vary_v the_o proportion_n if_o the_o first_o trial_n do_v not_o succeed_v have_v make_v this_o progress_n in_o the_o history_n of_o fluidity_n and_o firmness_n it_o may_v be_v seasonable_a to_o pass_v on_o and_o consider_v those_o other_o quality_n relate_v to_o it_o as_o hardness_n brittleness_n softness_n etc._n etc._n but_o remember_v the_o advice_n give_v by_o some_o of_o the_o ancient_n noscenda_fw-la est_fw-la mensura_fw-la svi_fw-la i_o shall_v leave_v they_o for_o other_o who_o be_v better_a able_a and_o more_o at_o leisure_n be_v content_a that_o i_o have_v explain_v the_o two_o former_a quality_n more_o intelligible_o than_o some_o of_o the_o peripatetic_n or_o chemist_n have_v lay_v open_a a_o way_n to_o accommodate_v chemical_a experiment_n to_o the_o explanation_n of_o fluidity_n and_o firmness_n so_o as_o to_o deduce_v those_o quality_n from_o more_o intelligible_a principle_n viz._n size_n shape_n and_o motion_n chap._n fourteen_o a_o essay_n of_o the_o intestine_a motion_n of_o the_o particle_n of_o quiescent_a solid_n limit_v the_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n rest_v limit_v the_o word_n rest_n be_v of_o so_o ambiguous_a a_o signification_n that_o before_o the_o question_n whether_o there_o be_v in_o body_n any_o absolute_a rest_n can_v be_v answer_v it_o be_v requisite_a to_o consider_v that_o in_o the_o common_a acceptation_n it_o be_v use_v to_o denote_v such_o a_o rest_n as_o be_v not_o perceivable_a to_o sense_n but_o when_o take_v in_o a_o more_o strict_a and_o philosophical_a sense_n it_o usual_o signify_v such_o a_o absolute_a rest_n as_o to_o intimate_v a_o total_a negation_n of_o motion_n in_o which_o latter_a sense_n if_o it_o be_v take_v i_o will_v not_o affirm_v that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o rest_n even_o in_o the_o part_n of_o solid_n since_o it_o be_v not_o improbable_a but_o that_o there_o be_v motion_n though_o imperceivable_a by_o sense_n even_o in_o the_o most_o solid_a body_n in_o favour_n of_o which_o opinion_n be_v it_o necessary_a i_o shall_v offer_v argument_n à _fw-la priori_fw-la deduce_v from_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o epicurean_a and_o cartesian_a principle_n for_o shall_v we_o allow_v the_o world_n to_o arise_v from_o a_o casual_a concourse_n of_o atom_n and_o that_o there_o be_v actual_a motion_n in_o all_o of_o they_o it_o will_v not_o be_v absurd_a to_o think_v that_o though_o in_o form_v concretes_n they_o be_v usual_o wound_v one_o within_o another_o yet_o there_o be_v a_o continual_a endeavour_n to_o elasticity_n by_o which_o they_o continual_o strive_v to_o disentangle_v themselves_o and_o to_o fly_v away_o and_o consequent_o the_o result_n of_o those_o endeavour_n must_v be_v a_o motion_n among_o those_o atom_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n shall_v we_o with_o cartesius_n allow_v a_o continual_a circulation_n of_o a_o materia_fw-la subtilis_fw-la through_o the_o pore_n of_o body_n we_o may_v imagine_v that_o the_o insensible_a atom_n which_o constitute_v that_o body_n will_v be_v shake_v and_o disturb_v by_o it_o though_o not_o so_o much_o as_o to_o be_v perceive_v by_o sense_n so_o in_o the_o summer_n the_o leave_n be_v carry_v off_o the_o tree_n with_o gentle_a gale_n of_o wind_n which_o be_v not_o perceive_v by_o those_o that_o stand_v some_o distance_n off_o but_o not_o to_o enlarge_v upon_o this_o point_n it_o may_v appear_v from_o several_a of_o the_o phaenomena_n mention_v above_o in_o the_o history_n of_o fluidity_n that_o the_o particle_n of_o body_n may_v be_v in_o motion_n though_o that_o motion_n be_v not_o discern_v and_o particular_o that_o of_o water_n where_o though_o its_o part_n be_v in_o a_o very_a various_a motion_n yet_o to_o sense_n they_o seem_v to_o be_v as_o much_o at_o rest_n as_o those_o which_o form_n the_o glass_n in_o which_o the_o water_n be_v contain_v and_o that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o like_a motion_n in_o the_o substance_n of_o silver_n or_o iron_n may_v be_v argue_v from_o what_o be_v evident_a to_o the_o touch_n or_o by_o throw_v water_n upon_o they_o when_o hot_a it_o be_v peculiar_a property_n in_o they_o when_o hot_a to_o burn_v the_o finger_n and_o to_o set_v the_o water_n boil_v and_o the_o like_a quality_n though_o not_o so_o violent_a may_v be_v raise_v without_o the_o help_n of_o fire_n by_o bare_o hammer_v of_o iron_n or_o silver_n they_o not_o only_o by_o that_o mean_n acquire_v a_o power_n to_o heat_n but_o likewise_o to_o raise_v water_n into_o vapour_n solid_n argument_n to_o prove_v motion_n in_o solid_n but_o if_o to_o this_o it_o shall_v be_v object_v that_o though_o the_o motion_n be_v indiscernible_a yet_o the_o agent_n that_o give_v it_o that_o motion_n be_v not_o since_o we_o can_v discern_v how_o those_o quality_n be_v add_v to_o it_o and_o how_o the_o alteration_n be_v wrought_v i_o answer_v that_o though_o a_o vigorous_a loadstone_n appear_v to_o be_v draw_v along_o its_o axis_n and_o back_o again_o the_o alteration_n be_v not_o visible_a in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o iron_n yet_o it_o certain_o lose_v after_o it_o have_v acquire_v those_o noble_a faculty_n viz._n it_o be_v attract_v and_o direct_v virtue_n proper_o belong_v to_o magnetical_a body_n but_o that_o there_o may_v be_v in_o metal_n a_o motion_n though_o not_o discernible_a be_v further_a evident_a in_o a_o bell_n which_o a_o long_a time_n after_o it_o have_v be_v strike_v with_o the_o clapper_n continue_v to_o put_v the_o air_n into_o a_o undulate_a motion_n and_o thereby_o to_o cause_v very_o odd_a sound_n which_o must_v be_v a_o argument_n that_o the_o partieles_n of_o that_o bell_n be_v in_o a_o very_a nimble_a agitation_n otherwise_o they_o can_v not_o communicate_v motion_n to_o the_o circumambient_a air_n and_o thereby_o cause_v such_o a_o noise_n in_o the_o ear._n but_o i_o must_v confess_v there_o be_v two_o difficulty_n answer_v objection_n answer_v which_o occur_v to_o what_o i_o have_v be_v offer_v as_o first_o that_o it_o be_v hard_o to_o imagine_v how_o the_o internal_a part_n of_o such_o solid_a body_n shall_v be_v work_v upon_o by_o agent_n so_o weak_a as_o the_o air_n and_o especial_o some_o part_n of_o matter_n more_o minute_n which_o be_v disperse_v through_o it_o and_o second_o it_o may_v be_v question_v how_o any_o part_n of_o matter_n can_v be_v move_v so_o slow_a if_o at_o all_o as_o to_o be_v so_o long_o in_o move_v from_o the_o internal_a part_n of_o a_o needle_n to_o the_o superficies_n as_o our_o hypothesis_n require_v but_o to_o the_o first_o i_o answer_v that_o those_o external_n part_n be_v not_o the_o sole_a cause_n of_o these_o motion_n but_o only_a assistant_n to_o the_o principal_a which_o be_v evident_a from_o what_o have_v late_o be_v note_v concern_v the_o connate_a disposition_n to_o motion_n attribute_v to_o matter_n according_a to_o the_o epicurean_a and_o cartesian_a philosophy_n and_o by_o the_o effect_n of_o a_o loadstone_n upon_o the_o needle_n we_o may_v be_v teach_v to_o guess_v what_o
last_o mention_v experiment_n it_o appear_v that_o it_o be_v possible_a even_o by_o weight_n to_o measure_v how_o far_o nature_n be_v dispose_v to_o prevent_v or_o fill_v vacuity_n since_o a_o small_a difference_n in_o weight_n determine_v by_o depress_v or_o permit_v the_o sucker_n to_o rise_v how_o far_o nature_n abhorrency_n of_o a_o vacuum_n depend_v on_o the_o cause_n we_o have_v so_o often_o mention_v but_o here_o it_o may_v be_v requisite_a to_o advertise_v that_o by_o vacuity_n i_o do_v not_o mean_a space_n altogether_o void_a of_o matter_n but_o void_a of_o such_o as_o may_v be_v perceive_v so_o that_o i_o take_v the_o word_n vacuum_n in_o the_o common_a not_o the_o strict_a and_o philosophical_a sense_n of_o the_o word_n but_o last_o from_o this_o xxxiii_o experiment_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n we_o live_v in_o be_v strong_a than_o what_o man_n usual_o think_v it_o be_v and_o probable_o near_o the_o northern_a pole_n it_o be_v much_o strong_a since_o if_o what_o varenius_n observe_v the_o air_n be_v so_o condense_v in_o nova_n zembla_n as_o to_o hinder_v the_o motion_n of_o a_o pendulum_n except_o move_v by_o a_o heavy_a weight_n than_o what_o be_v usual_o make_v use_n of_o in_o our_o climate_n experiment_n xxxiv_o receiver_n attempt_v to_o weigh_v light_a body_n in_o our_o receiver_n to_o try_v whether_o the_o aequilibrium_fw-la of_o two_o body_n of_o a_o equal_a weight_n in_o the_o air_n but_o of_o unequal_a dimension_n will_v be_v lose_v in_o our_o receiver_n as_o it_o usual_o be_v in_o water_n by_o reason_n of_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o water_n buoy_v up_o against_o that_o who_o dimension_n be_v most_o extensive_a i_o take_v a_o bladder_n half_n full_a of_o air_n and_o tie_v it_o to_o one_o end_n of_o our_o balance_n which_o turn_v with_o the_o 32_o part_n of_o a_o grain_n which_o be_v counterpoise_v with_o a_o weight_n in_o the_o other_o scale_n we_o let_v it_o down_o into_o the_o receiver_n and_o have_v close_v it_o up_o upon_o a_o exsuction_n of_o the_o air_n we_o find_v the_o bladder_n to_o dilate_v and_o manifest_o to_o preponderate_v but_o upon_o admit_v the_o air_n into_o the_o receiver_n again_o the_o bladder_n be_v over-poised_a by_o the_o weight_n but_o leave_v they_o in_o the_o receiver_n all_o night_n the_o bladder_n imbibe_v so_o much_o of_o the_o external_n moisture_n as_o to_o weigh_v that_o end_n of_o the_o balance_n down_o a_o good_a way_n yet_o the_o bladder_n be_v dry_v a_o little_a they_o be_v both_o bring_v to_o a_o aequilibrium_fw-la and_o the_o like_a experiment_n we_o try_v with_o a_o piece_n of_o cork_n instead_o of_o the_o bladder_n and_o observe_v that_o the_o receiver_n be_v evacuate_v as_o well_o as_o upon_o a_o reingress_n of_o the_o air_n the_o cork_n manifest_o preponderate_v experiment_n xxxv_o of_o the_o cause_n of_o filtration_n and_o the_o rise_n of_o water_n in_o the_o syphon_n etc._n etc._n filtration_n the_o cause_n of_o filtration_n to_o try_v whether_o in_o filtration_n the_o rise_n of_o the_o water_n may_v not_o proceed_v from_o the_o impulse_n of_o the_o air_n we_o make_v use_v of_o a_o syphon_n of_o glass_n represent_v by_o the_o three_o figure_n which_o be_v make_v of_o two_o strait_a piece_n and_o a_o crooked_a one_o which_o join_v the_o other_o two_o together_o the_o juncture_n be_v well_o close_v the_o long_a leg_n of_o the_o syphon_n be_v pervious_a only_o at_o the_o small_a end_n so_o as_o to_o suffer_v the_o water_n to_o pass_v through_o it_o but_o both_o the_o end_n of_o the_o short_a leg_n be_v equal_o pervious_a the_o diameter_n of_o their_o boar_n be_v ¼_n of_o a_o inch._n the_o length_n of_o these_o two_o pipe_n be_v about_o a_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a that_o the_o rarify_v air_n in_o the_o receiver_n when_o it_o be_v pretty_a well_o exhaust_v may_v not_o raise_v the_o water_n include_v in_o the_o pipe_n too_o high_a the_o short_a leg_n of_o the_o syphon_n be_v immerse_v two_o or_o three_o inch_n in_o a_o vessel_n of_o water_n the_o other_o end_n be_v fasten_v to_o the_o cover_n which_o thing_n be_v do_v and_o the_o receiver_n close_v up_o we_o begin_v to_o pump_v the_o result_n of_o which_o be_v that_o the_o water_n drop_v out_o of_o the_o low_a leg_n of_o the_o syphon_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v expose_v to_o the_o open_a air_n till_o the_o receiver_n be_v in_o some_o measure_n exhaust_v and_o then_o several_a bubble_n rise_v in_o the_o water_n gather_v together_o at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o short_a legged_a syphon_n where_o expand_v themselves_o they_o stop_v the_o course_n of_o the_o water_n that_o in_o the_o long_a leg_n be_v suspend_v in_o the_o tube_n and_o cease_v to_o drop_v and_o the_o water_n in_o the_o short_a leg_n be_v so_o far_o depress_v as_o not_o to_o be_v above_o a_o foot_n high_a but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o external_n air_n be_v let_v in_o again_o it_o enter_v in_o at_o the_o small_a orifice_n of_o the_o long_a tube_n and_o ascend_v through_o the_o water_n contain_v in_o the_o pipe_n join_v with_o the_o former_a which_o be_v lodge_v in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o short_a legged_a tube_n but_o to_o prevent_v what_o inconvenience_n ensue_v the_o rise_n of_o these_o bubble_n the_o two_o forementioned_a tube_n be_v place_v so_o as_o to_o meet_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o a_o glass_n viol._n the_o neck_n of_o the_o viol_n be_v close_v up_o with_o cement_n and_o the_o tube_n be_v thus_o fix_v and_o they_o as_o well_o as_o the_o viol_n fill_v with_o water_n the_o syphon_n represent_v by_o the_o five_o figure_n be_v place_v in_o the_o receiver_n with_o its_o short_a leg_n in_o a_o vessel_n of_o water_n upon_o which_o the_o pump_n be_v ply_v the_o long_a syphon_n continue_v to_o drop_v much_o long_a than_o before_o but_o at_o the_o last_o the_o bubble_n which_o rise_v in_o the_o pipe_n be_v so_o dilate_v in_o the_o viol_n as_o to_o press_v down_o into_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tube_n and_o interrupt_v our_o experiment_n though_o what_o we_o observe_v give_v we_o reason_n to_o believe_v that_o the_o air_n contribute_v to_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o water_n through_o the_o syphon_n and_o here_o i_o shall_v subjoin_v that_o i_o once_o have_v a_o very_a slender_a pipe_n which_o when_o hold_v upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n in_o a_o perpendicular_a posture_n the_o incumbent_a atmosphere_n press_v so_o much_o more_o on_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o external_n water_n than_o that_o contain_v in_o the_o tube_n that_o the_o water_n be_v raise_v in_o the_o tube_n and_o this_o pipe_n be_v bend_v into_o a_o syphon_n and_o place_v with_o the_o short_a leg_n in_o water_n as_o syphons_n usual_o be_v the_o water_n of_o its_o own_o accord_n rise_v up_o in_o the_o short_a leg_n and_o run_v down_o the_o other_o and_o this_o syphon_n be_v place_v in_o our_o receiver_n to_o try_v what_o alteration_n of_o the_o phaenomenon_n will_v appear_v there_o we_o can_v not_o discern_v any_o sensible_a one_o but_o though_o in_o this_o tube_n just_a now_o mention_v the_o water_n rise_v of_o its_o own_o accord_n yet_o if_o such_o a_o tube_n be_v thrust_v a_o little_a way_n into_o the_o mercury_n instead_o of_o rise_v the_o mercury_n in_o the_o tube_n will_v be_v below_o that_o which_o be_v without_o it_o experiment_n xxxvi_o the_o weight_n of_o air_n in_o the_o exhaust_v receiver_n the_o subtle_a penetrate_a power_n of_o some_o spirit_n above_o that_o of_o the_o air._n the_o cause_n why_o air_n will_v not_o enter_v the_o pore_n of_o some_o body_n which_o water_n will_n the_o weight_n of_o the_o air_n examine_v by_o a_o aeolipile_n the_o proportion_n betwixt_o the_o gravity_n of_o air_n and_o water_n betwixt_o water_n and_o quicksilver_n conjecture_n concern_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n air._n the_o weight_n of_o the_o air._n notwithstanding_o the_o several_a method_n propropose_v by_o galileo_n and_o other_o to_o try_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o air_n be_v willing_a to_o be_v further_o satisfy_v we_o cause_v a_o oval_a glass_n with_o a_o small_a tube_n at_o one_o end_v to_o be_v blow_v at_o the_o flame_n of_o a_o lamp_n and_o this_o glass_n bubble_n be_v of_o the_o size_n of_o a_o hen_n egg_n be_v fix_v to_o one_o end_v of_o a_o balance_n be_v counterpoise_v by_o a_o weight_n at_o the_o other_o end_n which_o be_v suspend_v in_o our_o receiver_n and_o the_o pump_n set_v on_o work_n the_o bubble_n after_o three_o exsuction_n continue_v to_o preponderate_v more_o and_o more_o till_o the_o air_n be_v let_v in_o again_o and_o then_o the_o balance_n be_v reduce_v to_o its_o former_a aequilibrium_fw-la but_o have_v repeat_v the_o experiment_n with_o a_o additional_a weight_n of_o three_o quarter_n of_o a_o grain_n in_o the_o scale_n opposite_a to_o the_o
blood_n title_n for_o the_o natural_a history_n of_o blood_n i._o of_o the_o colour_n of_o human_a blood_n arterial_a and_o venal_a ii_o of_o the_o taste_n of_o human_n blood_n iii_o of_o the_o odour_n of_o human_a blood_n iv_o of_o the_o heat_n of_o fresh_o emit_v human_a blood_n which_o be_v observe_v to_o be_v much_o violent_a after_o it_o have_v run_v a_o while_n than_o when_o it_o first_o begin_v the_o blood_n that_o come_v out_o of_o the_o vein_n of_o a_o young_a gentlewoman_n fall_v upon_o the_o ball_n of_o a_o thermoscope_n cause_v the_o liquor_n to_o ascend_v above_o a_o inch_n near_o the_o small_a and_o upper_a ball_n of_o the_o glass_n and_o in_o another_o trial_n it_o be_v raise_v almost_o as_o high_a as_o to_o the_o ball_n of_o a_o ordinary_a thermoscope_n but_o be_v hold_v in_o the_o blood_n of_o a_o healthful_a and_o lusty_a man_n the_o heat_n raise_v the_o tinged_a liquor_n a_o good_a way_n into_o the_o upper_a ball_n which_o be_v high_a than_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o air_n in_o the_o dog-day_n usual_o do_v and_o the_o blood_n of_o a_o healthful_a man_n continue_v its_o heat_n so_o lo_o long_a that_o it_o raise_v the_o tinged_a liquor_n three_o or_o four_o finger_n breadth_n when_o it_o be_v coagulate_v v._o of_o the_o inflamability_n and_o some_o other_o quality_n of_o human_a blood_n a_o piece_n of_o human_a blood_n be_v dry_v till_o it_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v powder_v and_o then_o hold_v in_o the_o flame_n of_o a_o candle_n it_o take_v fire_n and_o afford_v a_o flame_n not_o much_o unlike_a that_o which_o cause_v it_o burn_v with_o a_o crackle_n noise_n and_o here_o and_o there_o melt_v and_o if_o it_o be_v lay_v upon_o live_a coal_n and_o now_o and_o then_o blow_v it_o will_v yield_v a_o very_a yellow_a flame_n and_o during_o its_o deflagration_n will_v seem_v to_o fry_v upon_o the_o coal_n and_o in_o a_o great_a measure_n to_o melt_v into_o a_o black_a substance_n almost_o like_o pitch_n and_o some_o of_o the_o powder_n of_o blood_n be_v cast_v into_o the_o flame_n of_o a_o candle_n they_o take_v fire_n in_o their_o passage_n and_o flash_v not_o without_o some_o noise_n as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v rosin_n vi_o of_o the_o aerial_a part_n natural_o mix_v with_o human_a blood_n and_o also_o find_v in_o its_o distinct_a part_n vii_o of_o the_o specific_a gravity_n of_o human_a blood_n entire_a it_o may_v be_v different_a in_o several_a person_n according_a to_o their_o sex_n age_n constitution_n etc._n etc._n as_o also_o in_o the_o same_o person_n according_a to_o the_o time_n of_o the_o year_n the_o day_n or_o as_o it_o be_v take_v out_o at_o a_o less_o or_o great_a distance_n from_o a_o meal_n but_o to_o make_v a_o estimate_n of_o its_o specific_a gravity_n we_o take_v the_o blood_n of_o a_o sound_a man_n and_o put_v it_o into_o a_o oblong_a glass_n and_o when_o it_o be_v settle_v we_o mark_v with_o a_o diamond_n that_o part_n of_o the_o glass_n to_o which_o the_o liquor_n wrought_v and_o then_o weigh_v the_o glass_n and_o the_o blood_n contain_v in_o a_o very_a tender_a balance_n we_o pour_v out_o the_o blood_n and_o have_v wash_v the_o vessel_n we_o fill_v it_o up_o to_o the_o same_o mark_n and_o then_o weigh_v it_o in_o the_o same_o balance_n and_o then_o weigh_v the_o glass_n and_o deduct_v that_o from_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o glass_n and_o the_o two_o liquor_n the_o water_n weigh_v nine_o ounce_n six_o dram_fw-la and_o fifty_o grain_n and_o the_o blood_n equal_a to_o it_o in_o bulk_n weigh_v ten_o ounce_n two_o dram_fw-la and_o four_o grain_n so_o that_o the_o blood_n be_v three_o dram_fw-la and_o fourteen_o grain_n heavy_a it_o be_v about_o â—_o 2d_o part_n heavy_a than_o water_n viii_o of_o the_o specific_a gravity_n of_o the_o fibrous_a and_o red_a part_n and_o of_o the_o serous_a part_n of_o the_o blood_n ix_o of_o the_o consistence_n of_o entire_a human_n blood_n x._o of_o the_o disposition_n of_o human_a blood_n to_o concretion_n and_o the_o time_n wherein_o it_o be_v perform_v xi_o of_o the_o liquor_n and_o salt_n that_o coagulate_v human_a blood_n clot_a blood_n be_v keep_v some_o hour_n in_o spirit_n of_o wine_n which_o be_v a_o menstruum_fw-la fit_a to_o dissolve_v some_o body_n it_o be_v take_v out_o as_o hard_a as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v dry_v by_o the_o fire_n xii_o of_o the_o liquor_n and_o salt_n that_o obstruct_v or_o dissolve_v its_o coagulation_n xiii_o of_o the_o liquor_n etc._n etc._n that_o preserve_v human_a blood_n fourteen_o of_o the_o mixture_n that_o human_a blood_n may_v receive_v from_o aliment_n xv._o of_o the_o spontaneous_a or_o natural_a analysis_n of_o human_a blood_n into_o a_o serous_a and_o a_o fibrous_a part._n xvi_o of_o the_o respective_a quantity_n of_o the_o serous_a and_o fibrous_a part_n of_o human_n blood_n xvii_o of_o the_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o serous_a and_o the_o red_a part_n of_o human_n blood_n xviii_o of_o the_o artificial_a or_o chemical_a analysis_n of_o human_a blood_n and_o first_o of_o its_o spirit_n xix_o of_o the_o volatile_a salt_n of_o human_a blood_n and_o of_o its_o figure_n this_o salt_n be_v so_o fusible_a that_o one_o part_n of_o it_o may_v be_v bring_v to_o boil_v whilst_o the_o other_o fly_v way_n and_o this_o observation_n will_v hold_v in_o most_o volatile_a salt_n and_o though_o this_o salt_n when_o sublimed_a look_v white_a and_o clean_a and_o a_o very_a homogeneous_a substance_n yet_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o think_v that_o it_o be_v make_v up_o of_o part_n of_o matter_n of_o size_n and_o shape_n different_a enough_o for_o have_v weigh_v some_o grain_n of_o resublimed_n salt_n of_o human_a blood_n that_o seem_v pure_a its_o smell_n be_v very_o strong_a and_o diffusive_a so_o that_o one_o will_v have_v expect_v it_o to_o fly_v away_o in_o a_o little_a time_n but_o we_o observe_v that_o it_o be_v very_o little_o diminish_v in_o seven_o or_o eight_o day_n time_n yet_o what_o remain_v have_v lose_v its_o odour_n but_o retain_v a_o saline_a taste_n and_o be_v put_v upon_o a_o solution_n of_o sublimate_n in_o common_a water_n turn_v it_o white_a so_o that_o its_o diffusive_a and_o penetrant_fw-la humour_n seem_v to_o depend_v on_o some_o more_o volatile_a part_n of_o the_o blood_n but_o it_o may_v be_v a_o question_n to_o be_v solve_v by_o further_a experience_n whether_o the_o fixedness_n of_o this_o salt_n may_v not_o proceed_v from_o the_o coalition_n of_o a_o acid_n salt_n in_o the_o air._n a_o dram_n of_o volatile_a salt_n of_o human_a blood_n sublime_v in_o a_o lamp-furnace_n be_v put_v into_o common_a water_n and_o when_o a_o thermoscope_n be_v bring_v to_o its_o right_a temper_n be_v immerse_v in_o this_o mixture_n the_o tinged_a spirit_n of_o wine_n manifest_o subside_v about_o 2_o 10_o part_n of_o a_o inch_n though_o a_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o salt_n lie_v undissolved_a in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o water_n and_o when_o the_o liquor_n will_v descend_v no_o further_o we_o add_v to_o the_o solution_n strong_a spirit_n of_o nitre_n till_o it_o will_v no_o long_o make_v a_o manifest_a conflict_n with_o the_o salt_n and_o then_o we_o observe_v that_o whilst_o the_o conflict_n last_v the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n rise_v above_o three_o inch_n and_o a_o half_o high_a than_o the_o station_n it_o stand_v at_o before_o the_o figure_n of_o this_o salt_n may_v be_v either_o consider_v in_o reference_n to_o single_a grain_n or_o a_o aggregate_v of_o they_o when_o they_o be_v raise_v and_o sublime_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o glass_n the_o latter_a of_o which_o may_v be_v best_a observe_v when_o they_o fasten_v themselves_o to_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o glass_n that_o be_v set_v to_o receive_v they_o for_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o operation_n one_o may_v observe_v the_o little_a saline_a concretion_n to_o lie_v in_o row_n sometime_o straight_o enough_o and_o sometime_o more_o or_o less_o crooked_a with_o different_a cohering_n and_o interfering_n so_o that_o they_o sometime_o represent_v either_o tree_n or_o their_o branch_n or_o hartshorn_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v casual_a figuration_n depend_v on_o several_a accidental_a cause_n and_o circumstance_n as_o the_o degree_n of_o fire_n make_v use_v of_o to_o sublime_a the_o salt_n the_o quantity_n of_o the_o ascend_a matter_n in_o reference_n to_o the_o capacity_n of_o the_o vessel_n that_o receive_v it_o and_o the_o like_a diversity_n of_o configuration_n i_o have_v observe_v among_o the_o salt_n of_o other_o volatile_a salt_n as_o well_o as_o those_o of_o human_a blood_n and_o as_o for_o the_o single_a grain_n of_o the_o salt_n of_o human_a blood_n i_o discover_v a_o good_a many_o of_o they_o to_o be_v fine_o shape_v but_o whether_o they_o be_v accidental_a or_o not_o experience_n must_v determine_v but_o these_o figure_n be_v