that_o god_n be_v to_o be_v obey_v by_o man_n 2._o that_o man_n be_v a_o free_a creature_n have_v power_n to_o dispose_v of_o himself_o and_o of_o all_o thing_n in_o so_o far_o as_o by_o his_o obedience_n to_o god_n he_o be_v not_o restrain_v 3._o that_o this_o freedom_n of_o man_n be_v in_o his_o own_o power_n and_o may_v be_v restrain_v by_o his_o voluntar_n engagement_n which_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o fulfil_v or_o take_v they_o up_o more_o summarily_a the_o first_o principle_n of_o right_o be_v obedience_n freedom_n and_o engagement_n there_o be_v also_o three_o prime_a principle_n of_o the_o positive_a law_n who_o aim_n and_o terest_n be_v the_o profit_n and_o utility_n of_o man_n as_o the_o natural_a law_n be_v in_o equo_fw-la so_o the_o positive_a law_n be_v in_o bono_fw-mi or_o utili_fw-la and_o upon_o those_o two_o leg_n do_v justice_n move_v in_o give_v every_o man_n his_o right_n if_o man_n have_v not_o fall_v there_o have_v be_v no_o distinction_n betwixt_o bonum_fw-la and_o equum_fw-la nor_o have_v there_o be_v anything_o more_o profitable_a than_o the_o full_a follow_v of_o the_o natural_a law_n but_o man_n be_v now_o deprave_v and_o want_v justice_n or_o that_o willingness_n to_o give_v every_o man_n his_o right_n and_o apt_a to_o fraud_n or_o force_n therefore_o in_o this_o estate_n it_o be_v profitable_a for_o he_o to_o quit_v something_o of_o that_o which_o by_o equity_n be_v his_o due_n for_o peace_n and_o quietness_n sake_n rather_o than_o to_o use_v compulsion_n and_o quarrel_v in_o all_o thing_n and_o to_o find_v out_o expedient_n and_o help_v to_o make_v equity_n effectual_a and_o therefore_o to_o make_v up_o society_n of_o man_n that_o they_o may_v mutual_o defend_v one_o another_o and_o procure_v to_o one_o another_o their_o right_n and_o also_o to_o set_v clear_a limit_n to_o every_o man_n property_n and_o to_o maintain_v traffic_n and_o commerce_n among_o themselves_o and_o with_o other_o so_o that_o the_o three_o principle_n of_o positive_a law_n may_v be_v society_n property_n and_o commerce_n the_o principle_n of_o equity_n be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o right_n and_o law_n the_o principle_n of_o positive_a law_n be_v the_o final_a cause_n or_o end_n for_o which_o law_n be_v make_v and_o right_n constitute_v and_o order_v and_o all_o of_o they_o may_v aim_v at_o the_o maintenance_n flourish_v and_o peace_n of_o society_n the_o security_n of_o property_n and_o the_o freedom_n of_o commerce_n and_o so_o the_o narrative_n of_o statute_n do_v common_o bear_v the_o motive_n introductory_n towards_o some_o of_o these_o head_n 18._o obedience_n be_v that_o submission_n and_o sequacity_n of_o the_o mind_n and_o will_n of_o man_n to_o the_o authority_n and_o will_n of_o his_o maker_n immediate_o obliege_v without_o any_o tie_n upon_o he_o by_o himself_o intimate_v to_o he_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n light_n of_o reason_n and_o the_o conscience_n whereby_o man_n distinguish_v betwixt_o right_n and_o wrong_n betwixt_o what_o be_v duty_n and_o what_o be_v not_o duty_n hence_o do_v arise_v these_o obligation_n upon_o man_n which_o be_v not_o by_o his_o own_o consent_n or_o engagement_n nor_o by_o the_o will_n of_o man_n but_o by_o the_o will_n of_o god_n and_o therefore_o these_o be_v fit_o call_v obediential_a obligation_n the_o first_o and_o most_o general_a of_o these_o be_v to_o love_v the_o lord_n our_o god_n with_o all_o our_o heart_n and_o our_o neighbour_n as_o ourselves_o upon_o which_o say_v our_o saviour_n hang_v all_o the_o law_n and_o the_o prophet_n matth._n 22._o vers_fw-la 40._o which_o be_v a_o clear_a demonstration_n from_o his_o mouth_n of_o the_o dependence_n of_o the_o moral_a law_n upon_o this_o principle_n such_o be_v also_o the_o obligation_n betwixt_o husband_n and_o wife_n parent_n and_o child_n and_o the_o obligation_n of_o restitution_n reparation_n and_o remuneration_n in_o all_o which_o we_o be_v engage_v not_o by_o our_o will_n and_o consent_n and_o such_o be_v the_o obligation_n which_o the_o civilian_n call_v quasi_fw-la ex_fw-la contractu_fw-la because_o they_o find_v they_o obligatory_a and_o yet_o not_o by_o contract_n and_o not_o advert_v this_o their_o rise_n from_o obedience_n reduce_v they_o to_o contract_n by_o a_o qua_v 19_o where_o obedience_n end_v there_o freedom_n begin_v and_o man_n by_o nature_n be_v free_a in_o all_o thing_n where_o this_o obedience_n have_v not_o tie_v he_o until_o he_o oblige_v himself_o it_o be_v a_o great_a mercy_n to_o man_n that_o god_n have_v oblige_v he_o only_o in_o a_o few_o necessary_a moral_a duty_n and_o have_v leave_v he_o free_a in_o much_o more_o without_o any_o tie_n upon_o he_o as_o to_o the_o matter_n but_o with_o a_o liberty_n ad_fw-la contradictoria_fw-la that_o he_o may_v do_v or_o not_o do_v and_o ad_fw-la contraria_fw-la that_o he_o may_v do_v this_o or_o the_o contrair_n provide_v that_o whatsoever_o he_o do_v even_o where_o he_o be_v free_a be_v order_v and_o direct_v to_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n it_o have_v be_v the_o opinion_n of_o some_o both_o learned_a and_o pious_a that_o there_o be_v nothing_o indifferent_a in_o actu_fw-la exercito_fw-la or_o as_o it_o be_v invest_v with_o the_o circumstance_n but_o that_o then_o every_o thing_n be_v a_o duty_n or_o a_o sin_n and_o that_o because_o all_o thing_n must_v be_v do_v to_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n and_o to_o mutual_a edification_n from_o whence_o there_o be_v no_o exception_n and_o so_o be_v not_o free_a that_o we_o must_v make_v account_n of_o every_o idle_a word_n and_o that_o we_o be_v oblige_v to_o try_v all_o thing_n and_o to_o hold_v that_o which_o be_v best_a these_o reason_n indeed_o conclude_v that_o there_o be_v nothing_o free_a as_o to_o this_o contradiction_n either_o to_o be_v do_v to_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n or_o not_o and_o to_o edification_n and_o use_v or_o not_o but_o do_v not_o conclude_v that_o there_o be_v duty_n or_o necessity_n in_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o action_n itself_o of_o which_o either_o part_n of_o the_o contradiction_n may_v be_v choose_v so_o that_o either_o part_n be_v useful_a and_o order_v to_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n as_o say_v the_o apostle_n he_o that_o observe_v a_o day_n observe_v it_o to_o the_o lord_n and_o he_o that_o observe_v not_o do_v so_o to_o the_o lord_n and_o likewife_n in_o that_o undeniable_a instance_n of_o marriage_n wherein_o the_o apostle_n debate_v of_o the_o conveniency_n to_o marry_v or_o not_o to_o marry_o do_v conclude_v so_o that_o he_o that_o marry_v do_v well_o but_o he_o that_o marry_v not_o do_v better_a whereby_o both_o part_n of_o the_o contradiction_n be_v approven_v and_o that_o which_o be_v less_o profitable_a be_v say_v to_o be_v well_o do_v therefore_o there_o be_v a_o great_a difference_n betwixt_o duty_n which_o be_v necessary_a and_o wherein_o we_o be_v oblige_v though_o we_o mistake_v or_o be_v wilful_o ignorant_a by_o the_o very_a weight_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o absoluteness_n of_o the_o command_n wherein_o the_o order_n of_o what_o be_v forbid_v to_o god_n glory_n will_v not_o justify_v as_o we_o may_v not_o do_v evil_a that_o good_a may_v come_v of_o it_o as_o those_o who_o kill_v the_o apostle_n be_v far_o from_o be_v justify_v though_o they_o think_v they_o do_v god_n good_a service_n thereby_o these_o thing_n be_v bona_fw-la honesta_fw-la &_o mala_fw-la inhonesta_fw-la but_o matter_n of_o expediency_n be_v but_o bona_fw-la utilia_fw-la or_o mala_fw-la inutilia_fw-la and_o not_o inhonesta_fw-la and_o therefore_o our_o duty_n in_o these_o be_v that_o which_o we_o conceive_v most_o to_o be_v for_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n and_o good_a of_o ourselves_o and_o other_o but_o if_o we_o do_v mistake_v and_o choose_v that_o which_o be_v less_o expedient_a for_o these_o end_n we_o be_v free_a god_n seem_v to_o do_v with_o man_n as_o prince_n do_v with_o their_o ambassador_n to_o who_o they_o give_v some_o express_a instruction_n wherein_o they_o have_v no_o latitude_n in_o their_o negotiation_n and_o for_o the_o rest_n to_o do_v as_o they_o shall_v judge_v most_o fit_a upon_o the_o place_n wherein_o if_o act_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la they_o mistake_v and_o do_v not_o that_o which_o be_v most_o fit_a they_o be_v not_o culpable_a so_o man_n be_v send_v into_o the_o world_n to_o behold_v the_o work_n of_o god_n and_o to_o glorify_v he_o for_o do_v whereof_o he_o have_v some_o rule_n write_v in_o his_o heart_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o in_o the_o word_n of_o god_n and_o for_o the_o rest_n be_v allow_v to_o do_v as_o he_o conceive_v most_o conducible_a thereto_o that_o whether_o heeat_a or_o drink_v or_o whatsoever_o else_o he_o do_v he_o do_v all_o to_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n it_o be_v a_o sad_a rack_n to_o the_o conscience_n of_o man_n if_o their_o error_n and_o mistake_n in_o the_o matter_n of_o
legacy_n or_o fideicommiss_n may_v be_v general_a whereby_o a_o quantity_n be_v leave_v or_o special_a whereby_o a_o individual_a body_n be_v leave_v as_o such_o a_o horse_n etc._n etc._n so_o may_v they_o either_o be_v leave_v pure_o or_o conditional_o or_o to_o a_o day_n 21._o this_o be_v common_a to_o all_o legacy_n that_o if_o the_o legatar_n die_v before_o the_o testator_n the_o legacy_n become_v void_a and_o be_v not_o transmit_v to_o the_o heir_n and_o successor_n of_o the_o legatar_n neither_o do_v the_o legacy_n belong_v to_o the_o legatar_a ordinary_o if_o the_o testament_n wherein_o it_o be_v leave_v be_v void_a for_o want_v of_o the_o requisite_a 〈◊〉_d of_o which_o former_o unless_o it_o have_v the_o codicillar_n clause_n or_o if_o the_o heir_n do_v not_o enter_v or_o if_o the_o codicill_n in_o which_o it_o be_v leave_v or_o if_o the_o testament_n have_v the_o codicillar_n clause_n want_v the_o solemnity_n requisite_a to_o codicill_n 22._o if_o the_o legacy_n or_o fideicommiss_n be_v conditional_a the_o legatar_a die_v before_o the_o existence_n of_o the_o condition_n lose_v the_o legacy_n and_o do_v not_o transmit_v it_o to_o his_o heir_n if_o it_o be_v a_o casual_a condition_n but_o if_o it_o be_v a_o potestative_a condition_n depend_v upon_o the_o power_n of_o the_o legatar_n and_o not_o upon_o accident_n without_o his_o power_n or_o if_o left_a to_o a_o uncertain_a day_n which_o be_v equivalent_a to_o a_o casual_a condition_n if_o so_o the_o condition_n be_v in_o the_o legatar_n power_n unless_o he_o do_v all_o diligence_n to_o satisfy_v the_o same_o he_o lose_v the_o legacy_n but_o if_o the_o condition_n fail_v not_o through_o his_o fault_n as_o be_v offer_v and_o not_o accept_v or_o be_v impede_v by_o any_o three_o party_n the_o legacy_n be_v thereby_o transmit_v to_o the_o legatar_n heir_n who_o be_v only_o liable_a for_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o condition_n legacy_n pure_a or_o to_o a_o certain_a day_n be_v transmit_v by_o the_o death_n of_o the_o testator_n especial_o if_o the_o heir_n be_v enter_v though_o the_o day_n be_v not_o come_v quia_fw-la cessit_fw-la dies_fw-la sed_fw-la non_fw-la venit_fw-la 23._o in_o the_o several_a case_n by_o which_o legacy_n be_v establish_v and_o transmissible_a the_o property_n thereof_o be_v in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o legatar_n if_o it_o be_v a_o special_a legacy_n but_o the_o possession_n thereof_o remain_v in_o the_o heir_n against_o who_o the_o legatar_n have_v not_o only_o a_o personal_a action_n for_o payment_n or_o delivery_n of_o the_o legacy_n but_o have_v also_o a_o real_a action_n of_o vendication_n against_o he_o and_o all_o other_o haver_n thereof_o for_o delivety_n of_o the_o same_o so_o fideicommiss_v which_o be_v not_o conditional_a be_v not_o alienable_a by_o the_o heir_n but_o be_v recoverable_a from_o every_o singular_a successor_n 24._o condition_n adject_v to_o legacy_n or_o fideicommiss_n be_v of_o diverse_a kind_n of_o which_o short_o observe_v 1._o that_o when_o condition_n be_v copulative_a they_o must_v all_o be_v joint_o perform_v or_o when_o diverse_a condition_n be_v several_o set_v down_o in_o several_a place_n of_o the_o testament_n but_o if_o they_o be_v disjunctive_a the_o 〈◊〉_d formance_n of_o any_o of_o they_o be_v sufficient_a 2._o if_o the_o condition_n be_v divisible_a and_o performable_a by_o more_o person_n each_o perform_v his_o part_n have_v access_n to_o his_o legacy_n but_o if_o it_o be_v impose_v upon_o one_o person_n the_o performance_n of_o a_o part_n thereof_o do_v not_o give_v access_n to_o a_o proportionable_a part_n of_o the_o legacy_n but_o the_o condition_n must_v be_v whole_o perform_v otherways_o there_o be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o legacy_n due_a 3._o condition_n impossible_a in_o facto_fw-la as_o not_o be_v lawful_a regular_o be_v void_a and_o as_o not_o adject_v among_o which_o that_o be_v account_v one_o if_o marriage_n be_v absolute_o prohibit_v which_o the_o authentick_v restrict_v only_o to_o maid_n and_o find_v it_o lawful_a in_o the_o case_n of_o widow_n to_o adject_v such_o a_o condition_n si_fw-la titionubat_n and_o therefore_o if_o the_o legater_n marry_v not_o to_o that_o person_n the_o legacy_n be_v not_o due_a in_o legacy_n and_o fideicommissis_fw-la a_o false_a narrative_n vitiat_v not_o as_o when_o the_o efficient_a cause_n mention_v therein_o be_v not_o true_a for_o example_n if_o a_o legacy_n be_v leave_v bear_v to_o have_v be_v for_o service_n do_v general_o or_o particular_o albeit_o these_o be_v not_o do_v it_o be_v valid_a but_o the_o expression_n of_o the_o final_a cause_n imply_v a_o condition_n and_o if_o it_o be_v not_o perform_v the_o legacy_n cease_v causâ_fw-la non_fw-la sequntâ_fw-la as_o when_o legacy_n be_v leave_v for_o such_o use_v service_n or_o deed_n to_o be_v do_v legacy_n be_v gratuitous_a be_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o donation_n and_o therefore_o be_v revoke_v by_o ingratitude_n ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la not_o only_o in_o reach_v the_o defunct_a as_o if_o inimity_n rise_v betwixt_o he_o and_o the_o legatar_n but_o even_o after_o his_o death_n as_o if_o he_o curse_v he_o or_o endeavour_v to_o make_v he_o infamous_a yea_o those_o thing_n against_o the_o heir_n will_v be_v sufficient_a to_o take_v away_o the_o legacy_n so_o much_o may_v serve_v for_o a_o summary_n of_o the_o roman_a law_n in_o the_o matter_n of_o testament_n as_o for_o the_o succession_n of_o the_o intestat_fw-mi it_o be_v one_o without_o distinction_n of_o heritable_a and_o movable_a right_n we_o have_v speak_v thereof_o before_o title_n succession_n we_o shall_v therefore_o only_o touch_v on_o those_o point_n which_o be_v common_a in_o all_o succession_n by_o the_o roman_a law_n viz._n of_o the_o inventary_a collation_n of_o good_n and_o right_o of_o accrescence_n 25._o the_o inventary_a of_o heretage_n be_v a_o repertory_n of_o every_o particular_a contain_v therein_o and_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o ancient_a roman_a law_n l._n si_fw-la dotis_fw-la nomine_fw-la 33._o ff_n soluto_fw-la matrimonio_fw-la by_o which_o there_o be_v neither_o a_o duty_n nor_o benefit_n to_o the_o heir_n by_o a_o inventary_a but_o the_o use_n thereof_o be_v introduce_v by_o justinian_n in_o favour_n main_o of_o heir_n and_o in_o some_o case_n of_o creditor_n and_o legatar_n of_o heir_n that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v liable_a for_o the_o defunct_n debt_n in_o solidum_fw-la but_o secundim_v vires_fw-la inventarij_fw-la according_a to_o the_o value_n of_o the_o inheritance_n and_o this_o much_o in_o favour_n of_o the_o creditor_n and_o legatar_n that_o the_o inheritance_n may_v not_o be_v imbesle_v and_o therefore_o the_o make_n of_o the_o inventary_n be_v appoint_v to_o be_v with_o great_a solemnity_n before_o a_o judge_n upon_o citation_n of_o the_o creditor_n and_o legatar_n so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v certain_a and_o public_a proclamation_n for_o the_o rest_n and_o before_o famous_a witness_n and_o in_o place_n of_o the_o absent_a legatar_n and_o creditor_n three_o person_n be_v to_o be_v present_a beside_o the_o witness_n of_o good_a fame_n and_o mean_n the_o inventary_n behove_v to_o be_v make_v within_o 30_o day_n after_o the_o heir_n know_v and_o can_v enter_v to_o the_o heretage_n and_o behove_v to_o be_v complete_a within_o 60._o day_n after_o the_o beginning_n thereof_o the_o inventary_a not_o be_v thus_o make_v the_o heir_n be_v liable_a to_o the_o creditor_n for_o their_o whole_a debt_n and_o to_o the_o legatar_n for_o their_o legacy_n without_o deduction_n of_o his_o falcidia_n neither_o can_v the_o testator_n dispense_v with_o or_o prohibit_v the_o make_n of_o the_o inventary_a in_o prejudice_n of_o the_o creditor_n but_o he_o may_v in_o prejudice_n of_o the_o legatar_n so_o as_o the_o falcidia_n will_v be_v due_a in_o that_o case_n though_o the_o inventary_n be_v not_o make_v 26._o collation_n be_v the_o obligation_n of_o the_o near_a heir_n descend_v to_o communicate_v what_o the_o defunct_a parent_n bestow_v upon_o they_o by_o donation_n or_o tocher_n unto_o the_o inheritance_n that_o a_o equal_a proportion_n or_o division_n may_v be_v of_o the_o whole_a among_o the_o coheir_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o collation_n be_v the_o equality_n of_o interest_n and_o affection_n of_o parent_n to_o their_o child_n of_o the_o same_o degree_n and_o thence_o their_o presume_a will_n that_o these_o shall_v enjoy_v equal_a benefit_n by_o their_o parent_n and_o therefore_o if_o it_o appear_v not_o to_o have_v be_v the_o parent_n will_v collation_n have_v no_o place_n as_o if_o the_o thing_n be_v bestow_v with_o express_a exemption_n ot_fw-mi prohibition_n of_o collation_n or_o if_o it_o be_v leave_v as_o a_o legacy_n or_o donation_n mortis_fw-la causa_fw-la for_o thereby_o the_o parent_n purpose_v appear_v to_o prefer_v that_o child_n to_o the_o rest_n even_o after_o the_o parent_n death_n collation_n be_v competent_a among_o no_o other_o heir_n than_o descendants_n in_o the_o
competent_a to_o a_o cautioner_n who_o in_o a_o new_a bond_n of_o corroboration_n have_v engage_v for_o the_o debt_n with_o the_o principal_a and_o that_o against_o the_o cautioner_n in_o the_o first_o bond_n though_o he_o have_v no_o assignation_n to_o the_o clause_n of_o relief_n grant_v to_o the_o first_o cautioner_n spot_n cautioner_n lubra_n contra_fw-la david_n vauns_n the_o same_o must_v hold_v in_o contutor_n co-curators_a and_o wherever_o more_o debtor_n be_v liable_a in_o solidum_fw-la for_o the_o same_o debt_n or_o deed_n title_n ix_o reparation_n where_o of_o delinquence_n and_o damnage_n thence_o arise_v 1._o the_o obligation_n of_o reparation_n of_o damnage_n by_o delinquence_n a_o natural_a obligation_n 2._o delinquence_n infer_v the_o obligation_n of_o punishment_n and_o reparation_n of_o the_o injure_v 3._o damnage_n describe_v 4._o kind_n of_o delinquence_n 5._o concurrer_n in_o delinquence_n how_o liable_a 6._o special_a kind_n of_o delinquence_n by_o our_o custom_n 7._o assythment_n 8._o extertion_n vi_fw-la majori_fw-la &_o metus_fw-la causa_fw-la 9_o circumvention_n by_o fraud_n dolo_fw-la malo_fw-la 10._o the_o edict_n de_fw-fr dolo_fw-la malo_fw-la 11._o circumvention_n rare_o infer_v by_o witness_n 12._o simulation_n 13._o collusion_n 14._o the_o effect_n of_o fraud_n as_o to_o the_o party_n contract_n 15._o deed_n do_v in_o fraudem_fw-la creditorum_fw-la contrair_a the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1621._o anent_o bankrupt_n 16._o the_o nature_n of_o spuilzie_n 17._o the_o title_n of_o possession_n 18._o oath_n in_o litem_fw-la in_o spulzy_n 19_o spuilzie_n eleided_a by_o any_o colourable_a title_n warrant_v or_o bona_fw-la side_n 20._o spulzie_a eleided_a by_o voluntar_n delivery_n 21._o by_o lawful_a poynd_n 22._o reply_v against_o poind_v 23._o spuilzie_n eleided_a by_o restitution_n within_o twenty_o four_o hour_n 24._o prescription_n of_o spuilzy_n 25._o intrusion_n and_o ejection_n describe_v and_o distinguisb_v 26._o ejection_n proper_a to_o the_o natural_a possessor_n 27._o exception_n against_o ejection_n 28._o mollestation_n 29._o breach_n of_o arrestment_n and_o deforcement_n 30._o contravention_n among_o obligation_n obediential_a we_o have_v place_v these_o which_o be_v by_o delinquence_n because_o they_o arise_v without_o any_o convention_n consent_n or_o contract_n either_o particular_o or_o by_o virtue_n of_o any_o positive_a law_n and_o therefore_o they_o must_v needs_o have_v their_o original_a from_o the_o authority_n and_o will_n of_o god_n and_o of_o our_o obedience_n due_a thereto_o for_o though_o they_o do_v proceed_v from_o our_o fact_n and_o from_o our_o will_n whence_o that_o fact_n be_v voluntary_o commit_v yet_o it_o be_v not_o from_o our_o contract_n will_n and_o therefore_o these_o obligation_n do_v not_o receive_v their_o measure_n or_o extent_n by_o our_o will_n 1._o that_o obligation_n of_o delinquence_n be_v introduce_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n the_o suffrage_n of_o all_o man_n and_o all_o nation_n will_v evince_v who_o do_v every_o where_o acknowledge_v the_o reparation_n of_o damnage_n and_o punishment_n of_o crime_n and_o injury_n as_o have_v by_o nature_n a_o clear_a evidence_n and_o sharp_a sense_n thereof_o and_o thereupon_o can_v without_o reluctancy_n concur_v with_o the_o magistrate_n in_o the_o punishment_n of_o citizen_n and_o of_o enemy_n by_o the_o sword_n but_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v how_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o be_v perpetual_a and_o have_v place_n chief_o in_o innocency_n can_v prescribe_v any_o thing_n in_o relation_n to_o delinquency_n or_o malifice_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o that_o condition_n this_o will_v be_v easy_o clear_v if_o it_o be_v consider_v that_o though_o man_n be_v make_v in_o the_o state_n of_o innocency_n yet_o have_v he_o a_o natural_a instability_n for_o which_o god_n do_v warn_v and_o arm_v he_o and_o though_o the_o principal_a and_o direct_a law_n of_o nature_n do_v teach_v man_n to_o love_v his_o neighbour_n as_o himself_o yet_o he_o can_v not_o but_o by_o consequence_n know_v though_o he_o have_v stand_v in_o innocency_n as_o do_v the_o angel_n that_o any_o who_o act_v against_o that_o royal_a law_n of_o love_n by_o do_v evil_a to_o his_o neighbour_n and_o take_v away_o from_o he_o that_o which_o be_v he_o aught_o to_o repair_v he_o and_o to_o be_v liable_a to_o divine_a justice_n which_o be_v that_o certification_n which_o god_n put_v upon_o his_o natural_a law_n as_o he_o do_v more_o express_o upon_o the_o forbid_a fruit_n morte_fw-la morieris_fw-la 2._o a_o obligation_n of_o delinquence_n be_v then_o that_o whereunto_o injury_n or_o malifice_n do_v oblige_v as_o the_o meritorious_a cause_n thereof_o as_o the_o will_n of_o god_n thereupon_o be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n and_o it_o be_v twofold_a either_o that_o which_o relate_v to_o god_n or_o that_o which_o relate_v to_o man_n the_o former_a be_v the_o obligation_n of_o punishment_n pain_n or_o penalty_n for_o unto_o god_n there_o can_v proper_o no_o reparation_n be_v make_v by_o the_o creature_n who_o duty_n and_o service_n be_v due_a to_o he_o so_o that_o to_o he_o the_o creature_n be_v oblige_v to_o underly_a the_o punishment_n in_o reference_n to_o man_n be_v the_o obligation_n of_o repair_v his_o damnage_n put_v he_o in_o as_o good_a condition_n as_o he_o be_v in_o before_o the_o injury_n and_o this_o only_o be_v man_n part_n for_o himself_o for_o the_o inflict_a of_o punishment_n be_v for_o god_n in_o so_o far_o as_o it_o be_v authorize_v or_o allow_v by_o he_o but_o it_o be_v not_o for_o or_o from_o man_n of_o himself_o revenge_n be_v i_o and_o i_o will_v repay_v say_v the_o lord_n for_o as_o have_v be_v say_v before_o a_o obligation_n in_o the_o debtor_n have_v a_o correspondent_a power_n of_o exaction_n in_o the_o creditor_n which_o be_v the_o personal_a right_n so_o in_o delinquence_n the_o power_n of_o exaction_n of_o reparation_n of_o his_o damnage_n be_v man_n for_o himself_o but_o the_o power_n of_o exact_v punishment_n be_v in_o god_n and_o as_o for_o he_o or_o 〈◊〉_d it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d to_o man_n it_o be_v but_o a_o ministerial_a power_n and_o not_o dispensible_a at_o 〈◊〉_d pleasure_n and_o have_v a_o obligation_n whereby_o man_n 〈◊〉_d bind_v to_o god_n for_o do_v his_o duty_n therein_o though_o positive_a law_n and_o 〈◊〉_d of_o 〈◊〉_d and_o in_o some_o thing_n the_o positive_a law_n of_o god_n itself_o may_v 〈◊〉_d a_o 〈◊〉_d and_o employ_v it_o for_o the_o proper_a use_n of_o the_o injure_v yet_o it_o be_v not_o a_o proper_a punishment_n that_o have_v its_o force_n by_o paction_n or_o positive_a law_n and_o nor_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n the_o obligation_n to_o punishment_n arise_v from_o 〈◊〉_d and_o man_n power_n and_o duty_n to_o inflict_v the_o same_o be_v a_o public_a right_n which_o though_o natural_o do_v concern_v every_o man_n yet_o it_o be_v now_o with_o divine_a approbation_n for_o most_o part_n devolve_v upon_o public_a authority_n which_o be_v say_v rom._n 13._o 〈◊〉_d 3_o 4._o to_o be_v a_o terror_n to_o evil_a doer_n and_o not_o to_o bear_v the_o sword_n in_o vain_a for_o be_v 〈◊〉_d the_o minister_n of_o god_n a_o revenger_n to_o execute_v wrath_n upon_o he_o that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o which_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o the_o magistrate_n as_o he_o execute_v revenge_n do_v 〈◊〉_d not_o of_o or_o for_o himself_o nor_o for_o or_o from_o the_o people_n as_o their_o proper_a right_n or_o power_n of_o exaction_n but_o therein_o as_o he_o be_v the_o minister_n of_o god_n he_o do_v 〈◊〉_d for_o and_o from_o god_n even_o though_o his_o authority_n and_o commission_n be_v not_o immediate_o from_o god_n but_o from_o man_n yet_o he_o stand_v in_o the_o place_n of_o these_o man_n to_o god_n to_o execute_v that_o revenge_n which_o they_o themselves_o be_v natural_o oblige_v unto_o but_o how_o far_o man_n natural_a duty_n or_o the_o magistrate_n in_o the_o punishment_n of_o crime_n reach_v the_o line_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v become_v dark_a in_o many_o point_n it_o be_v manifest_a and_o agree_v by_o all_o that_o though_o in_o all_o damnage_n do_v to_o man_n there_o be_v also_o punishment_n which_o may_v be_v inflict_v by_o god_n yet_o where_o the_o matter_n be_v chief_o man_n interest_n and_o so_o repairable_a to_o he_o none_o will_v think_v that_o it_o be_v a_o duty_n in_o all_o of_o these_o case_n to_o inflict_v vengeance_n on_o such_o neither_o do_v any_o own_o a_o power_n and_o necessity_n to_o inflict_v punishment_n for_o man_n spiritual_a delinquence_n stand_v in_o his_o mind_n and_o affection_n as_o for_o want_v of_o love_n and_o confidence_n hope_n etc._n etc._n in_o something_n also_o the_o power_n of_o punishment_n be_v no_o less_o evident_a even_o when_o there_o can_v be_v no_o reparation_n to_o man_n as_o in_o that_o general_a precept_n of_o equal_a crime_n and_o punishment_n life_n for_o life_n eye_n for_o eye_n tooth_n for_o tooth_n etc._n etc._n but_o
by_o their_o warrant_n or_o commission_n to_o seize_v upon_o the_o good_n of_o all_o person_n under_o the_o dominion_n of_o such_o prince_n or_o people_n who_o have_v refuse_v to_o make_v just_a reparation_n for_o the_o wrong_n and_o damage_n do_v by_o any_o of_o their_o subject_n which_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n do_v just_o and_o necessary_o allow_v for_o the_o common_a good_a of_o mankind_n for_o if_o private_a person_n be_v injure_v by_o these_o who_o be_v not_o under_o one_o common_a authority_n with_o they_o by_o piracy_n pillage_n or_o otherways_o ofttimes_o they_o can_v know_v the_o injurer_n and_o all_o force_n be_v state_v in_o public_a authority_n they_o can_v make_v use_n thereof_o to_o redress_v or_o revenge_v themselves_o and_o therefore_o they_o can_v only_o make_v application_n to_o the_o sovereign_a authority_n of_o that_o society_n of_o people_n whereof_o they_o be_v member_n and_o represent_v and_o instruct_v the_o injury_n and_o damage_n sustain_v by_o they_o by_o the_o subject_n of_o other_o prince_n or_o state_n and_o thereupon_o desire_v that_o a_o redress_n may_v be_v demand_v which_o be_v ordinary_o do_v by_o ambassador_n or_o other_o minister_n of_o state_n and_o if_o redress_n be_v not_o so_o obtain_v the_o sovereign_a authority_n of_o the_o person_n injure_v may_v and_o aught_o to_o give_v commission_n for_o seize_v upon_o the_o good_n of_o any_o of_o the_o people_n of_o that_o society_n whereof_o the_o injurer_n be_v member_n till_o just_a satisfaction_n and_o reparation_n be_v obtain_v and_o though_o there_o be_v that_o singularity_n in_o it_o that_o the_o good_n of_o these_o who_o do_v not_o the_o injury_n be_v take_v to_o satisfy_v the_o same_o yet_o therein_o there_o be_v not_o only_a necessity_n but_o moral_a justice_n allow_v and_o approven_v by_o the_o custom_n of_o all_o nation_n by_o their_o common_a consent_n for_o without_o this_o society_n can_v not_o be_v preserve_v and_o therefore_o the_o public_a association_n of_o people_n imply_v this_o in_o it_o that_o the_o society_n be_v liable_a for_o reparation_n of_o the_o injury_n and_o damage_n of_o any_o of_o their_o society_n when_o reparation_n be_v refuse_v reprysal_n ought_v to_o be_v limit_v to_o a_o just_a satisfaction_n and_o therefore_o what_o be_v thereby_o seize_v aught_o to_o be_v adjndged_a in_o court_n of_o admiralty_n wherein_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v prove_v that_o the_o good_n seize_v belong_v to_o person_n of_o that_o society_n of_o which_o the_o injurer_n be_v a_o member_n and_o to_o be_v value_v according_a to_o the_o rate_n they_o be_v worth_a where_o they_o be_v bring_v in_o and_o to_o be_v adjudge_v in_o satisfaction_n to_o the_o injure_a of_o their_o damage_n and_o interest_n in_o whole_a or_o in_o part_n so_o that_o the_o excress_n shall_v be_v forthco_n ming_z to_o the_o owner_n thereof_o and_o so_o soon_o as_o satisfaction_n be_v obtain_v the_o reprysal_n ought_v to_o ceass_n neither_o do_v the_o usemaking_a of_o reprysal_n in_o this_o just_a order_n and_o measure_n import_v the_o breach_n of_o treaty_n or_o common_a peace_n or_o infer_v public_a war_n though_o they_o may_v become_v the_o occasion_n thereof_o 43._o but_o where_o the_o injury_n be_v public_a and_o attrocious_a the_o law_n of_o nation_n have_v necessary_o and_o just_o allow_v public_a war_n not_o only_o to_o reach_v the_o moveable_n of_o public_a enemy_n but_o their_o territory_n jurisdiction_n and_o estate_n wherein_o the_o proportion_n of_o satisfaction_n can_v be_v so_o measure_v nor_o be_v it_o so_o consider_v as_o in_o reprysal_n that_o which_o accrue_v to_o private_a person_n in_o war_n be_v only_o the_o give_v of_o quarter_n or_o get_v of_o spoil_n in_o so_o far_o as_o the_o same_o be_v allow_v or_o permit_v by_o the_o commander_n in_o chief_a warrant_v by_o public_a authority_n as_o be_v ordinar_n to_o the_o soldier_n upon_o defate_n of_o their_o enemy_n to_o seize_v upon_o and_o appropriate_v such_o moveable_n as_o be_v upon_o their_o enemy_n person_n or_o in_o their_o baggage_n and_o sometime_o for_o the_o encourage_n of_o soldier_n besiege_v and_o for_o the_o obstinacy_n of_o the_o besiege_a the_o plunder_v of_o place_n gain_v by_o force_n be_v for_o some_o time_n permit_v and_o cease_v so_o soon_o as_o countermand_v in_o other_o case_n what_o belong_v to_o enemy_n be_v confiscate_v for_o public_a use_n and_o soldier_n ought_v to_o be_v content_v with_o their_o wage_n 44._o the_o main_a private_a interest_n in_o public_a war_n be_v that_o which_o accrue_v by_o commission_n grant_v by_o the_o admiral_n for_o seize_v and_o appropriate_v of_o the_o ship_n and_o good_n of_o public_a enemy_n and_o of_o these_o who_o become_v partaker_n of_o the_o war_n and_o who_o carry_v not_o themselves_o as_o friend_n or_o newter_n to_o the_o prince_n or_o state_n engage_v in_o the_o war_n for_o by_o our_o custom_n albeit_o such_o ship_n and_o good_n be_v confiscate_v as_o public_a belong_v to_o the_o king_n or_o state_n yet_o private_a person_n who_o undertake_v these_o commission_n have_v the_o expense_n and_o profit_n of_o these_o seazure_n pay_v a_o fifteen_o part_n thereof_o to_o the_o king_n and_o a_o ten_o part_n to_o the_o admiral_n there_o have_v be_v many_o question_n as_o to_o the_o right_n and_o interest_n of_o ally_n and_o newter_n very_o full_o and_o accurat_o debate_v and_o decide_v in_o the_o session_n upon_o occasion_n of_o the_o late_a war_n betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o the_o state_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n which_o because_o they_o be_v of_o great_a use_n for_o clear_v the_o important_a point_n that_o occur_v in_o these_o controversy_n and_o for_o vindicate_v of_o the_o public_a justice_n of_o the_o kingdom_n we_o shall_v in_o the_o clear_a and_o short_a method_n we_o can_v give_v account_n of_o what_o have_v be_v determine_v in_o all_o the_o pryze_n which_o come_v before_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n in_o these_o war_n the_o lord_n admiral_n of_o scotland_n be_v the_o judge_n ordinar_n and_o the_o sole_a judge_n in_o the_o first_o instance_n of_o all_o prize_v take_v at_o sea_n but_o in_o the_o second_o instance_n the_o lord_n of_o session_n who_o be_v the_o supreme_a judge_n in_o all_o civil_a cause_n in_o scotland_n which_o be_v not_o determine_v by_o or_o depend_v before_o the_o parliament_n or_o their_o commissioner_n do_v upon_o complaint_n of_o iniquity_n commit_v by_o the_o admiral_n before_o final_a sentence_n advocate_n such_o cause_n wherein_o they_o find_v probable_a ground_n of_o iniquity_n allege_v and_o instruct_v or_o in_o the_o second_o instance_n after_o sentence_n do_v grant_v letter_n of_o suspension_n or_o reduction_n of_o the_o admiral_n decreet_n whereupon_o all_o intricat_a and_o difficile_a question_n in_o matter_n of_o pryze_n come_v to_o be_v debate_v and_o determine_v by_o the_o lord_n there_o be_v no_o question_n when_o the_o good_n and_o ship_n seize_v on_o belong_v to_o enemy_n but_o only_o when_o they_o do_v belong_v or_o be_v pretend_v to_o belong_v to_o ally_n or_o newter_n the_o lord_n upon_o complaint_n of_o iniquity_n commit_v by_o the_o admiral_n it_o be_v allege_v that_o the_o lord_n be_v not_o judge_n in_o the_o matter_n of_o pryze_n in_o the_o first_o instance_n yet_o they_o find_v both_o by_o the_o amplitude_n of_o the_o power_n of_o their_o jurisdiction_n and_o by_o the_o custom_n in_o former_a time_n that_o it_o be_v competent_a to_o the_o lord_n to_o advocate_n cause_n from_o the_o admiral_n upon_o iniquity_n albeit_o the_o process_n can_v begin_v before_o they_o in_o the_o first_o instance_n for_o as_o they_o be_v the_o king_n ordinar_n council_n all_o matter_n not_o belong_v to_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o another_o court_n belong_v to_o they_o and_o therefore_o they_o may_v and_o oft_o have_v advocate_n cause_n from_o the_o justice_n general_n and_o other_o judge_n in_o criminal_a cause_n albeit_o the_o lord_n can_v decide_v these_o cause_n as_o be_v only_a judge_n in_o cause_n civil_a yet_o they_o may_v advocate_n the_o same_o that_o in_o case_n the_o reason_n of_o advocation_n be_v relevant_a and_o prove_v they_o may_v remit_v the_o cause_n to_o the_o proper_a and_o competent_a judge_n if_o the_o reason_n of_o advocation_n be_v upon_o incompetency_n or_o to_o other_o unsuspect_v judge_n if_o the_o reason_n be_v upon_o the_o suspicion_n of_o the_o judge_n as_o be_v concern_v in_o the_o cause_n or_o near_o relate_v to_o the_o party_n or_o have_v enmity_n against_o any_o of_o they_o and_o therefore_o the_o lord_n in_o the_o advocation_n raise_v by_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o ship_n call_v the_o bounder_n against_o captain_n gilleis_n it_o be_v allege_v that_o the_o admiral_n have_v commit_v iniquity_n in_o grant_v a_o conjunct_a probation_n for_o prove_v the_o property_n of_o the_o ship_n and_o loadn_v the_o lord_n find_v this_o no_o relevant_a ground_n of_o advocation_n of_o the_o cause_n it_o be_v