Extenuating making thin Expulsive faculty the power of our body which drives forth Dung Urine Sweat Vapors c. every part partakes of this Ability or Faculty Eminent neer at hand approaching Erysipelas a swelling caused by choller Erysipelas Phlegmonodes or Phlegmon Erysipelatodes Is a swelling caused by Inflamation of Choller and Blood Emulsions Almond milkes and milkes made of cool Seeds c. Electuaries Medicines made up of Conserves of Flowers or Herbs to which is added some sweet Spicy pouder for the most part and so with Syrup it is made up in the form of Mithridate or Treacle Epithemes are Medicines applyed in Bags commonly upon the Heart or Stomach Liver or Spleen c. Certain convenient pouders being put in a Bag or between two cloths and so wet in Wine or other convenient Liquor are laid upon the Stomach Heart c. Essential to the Disease that is of the being or substance so that without that the disease could not be So Heat is Essential to a Feaver Excrements dregs and refuse of our meat and drink after Concoction voided by dung Urine Sweat and invisibly through the Pores Excrementitious of or belonging to Excrements impure preternatural humors are so called Extenuate make thin Expressed Squeezed out Epidemical common to a whol Nation So the the Plague small Pocks Loosness Sweating-sickness c. when they are rise all over a Nation or Country at one time they are called Epidemical diseases Ehxir Proprietatis A Medicine invented by Paracelsus Take of the best Aloes Myrrh Saffron of each half an ounce Pouder them and put them into a Glass Then take Muscadine made tart with Oyl of Sulphur and pour upon the pouder til the liquor stand four fingers above the pouder Let them stand and digest in a warm place Then pour off the Liquor and put on more till all the Colour and vertue be drawn out from the pouder At last still the settlings with a gentle fire and pour that which comes away to the former Liquor and let all stand and digest a Month in a warm place close stopped The name signifies such a Quintessence as hath a special propriety of agreement with Mans nature whereby it comforts and restores the same in al kind of weakness Emollient Medicines that soften Eroded eaten a sunder eaten up Extraction pulling out Exquisite perfect in an high degree Escharoticks see Causticks potential Embrochated moistened bedewed bathed Erosion fretting eating Eclegma See Lambitive Extream parts the Armes and Legs Emplastick diet consists of such meats as are of a clammy substance viz. Calves Head and Feet Sheeps-trotters all Feet of Beasts Tripes Gellys c. Excreta and Retenta things voided out of the Body things retained or kept in Eradicate pluck up by the Roots Exasperated pained vexed molested Equivocal Signs of a Disease are such as are common to it and other Diseases The Efficient Cause is the working or making Cause so a Tailor is the Efficient of a Garment The Material Cause is the stuff a thing is made of which the Efficient works upon So the Cloth or Silk is the Material Cause of the Garment The formal Cause the shape that makes it a Coat or Cloak or Doublet the Final Cause is the end why it was made viz. to hide nakedness keep off Sun and Cold and to adorn the body Emulgent Veins which bring the Wheyish Excrement of the blood unto the Kidneyes where it becomes Urine and is passed by the Urecers into the Piss-bladder Evaporation a steeming out of Vapors Egress coming forth Evaporated steemed away as Water that spends away in boiling Evacuators Medicines which empty out evil Humors either by vomit Purge c. Exhalations Vapors drawn up by the Sun out of the Earth and Waters Eventilated Fanned purged as Corn by fanning So Exercise is said to eventilate or fan the Body because the motion opens the Pores and drives many vapors out Eneorema that which hangs like a cloud in Urines especially when the Disease is breaking away Emollient Decoction a softening moistening Decoction made for Clysters to soften and moisten the hardened Excrements of the Guts An Eschara or Eschar is the Core that falls off from a part that hath had a Caustick applied thereto F FVmigations Perfumes and others things burnt to qualifie the Air in a sick mans chamber Fracture breaking as fracture of the Skul or Arm c. Fomentation when linnen Cloaths or Spunges are dipped in some Liquor and applied to the diseased part and after renewed Functions of the Brain the Abilities of the Brain to Hear See Imagine Understand Remember c. Frictions Rubbings Furor Vterinus Womb-Madness when Women are mad by reason of a disorder in the Womb. See the Chapter of that Disease A Flux of Humors flowing of Humors Febris Catarrhalis a Feaver caused by Rheum falling from the Head Fabrick Frame making up composition Frontal Vein Fore-head Vein Fortified strengthened Fistula an hollow deep but narrow Ulcer that will not be closed up A pair of Forceps a smal Instrument like a pair of Tongs to draw forth any thing out of the Ears c. Fluid apt to run and flow like Water and other Liquors Filtration straining through a brown Paper or by means of a piece of cloth hanging out of one Vessel into another Filter to strain as aforesaid Fermentation the working of Humors as new drink works in the Barcel A Feaver Symptomatical is a Feaver caused by some other foregoing Disease in respect of which Disease the Feaver is but a Symptom or Accident A Flatulent and Pituitous Chollick is a Chollick caused by wind and flegm Formicans Pulsus a weak feeble quick Pulse that seels under the Fingers like creeping Pismires from whence it is named Form See Efficient Cause Fluxive apt to flow and run like Water and other Liquors Friable is crumbly short like costly Cake-bread Pie-crust Puf-past c. So Fishes that have a short crumbly substance not clammy or slimy such as Soals Smelts Trouts are said to be friable in comparison of Eels Carps Tenches c. G GVm Animi Indian Amber Gargarisms that is Medicines to Gargle in the Throat to wash sore Throats de Gutteta a Pouder used in Falling-sickness and Convulsion of Children by the French It is described page 33. at the bottom Going about by fits Generating breeding begetting Glandules Kernels such as are about the Throat aâ—d are called the Almonds of the Ears and such as the Sweet-bread c. Gate-Vein Vena Porta See Veslingus Anatomy in English Generous Wine strong Wine as rich Canary Muskadine c. Glutinations Clamminess like Gum about the corners of the Eyes Glutinators things which glue and close up broken Veins c. Glutinous clammy like Glue A Gangrene is a corruption of a part tending to the utter deading thereof H HYpochondria the parts beneath the Ribs Hemiplegia the Palsey possessing one side Hydrelaeum a Bath and Oyntment that is of Water and Oyl beaten together Hippocras
Diseases But the Heart hath a Natural Faculty to contract and dilate it self therefoâ—e a Palpitation cannot be without its motion And they do in vain muster up Galens Reasons so thought by them to prove that the Palpitation of the Heart comes not by Nature but by a Diâ—ease or cause of a Disease For Galen in all those places speaks of no other Palpitation than that which is in the Skin and other external parts and not of the palpitation of the Heart which is of another Nature and Galen 2. de sympt caus cap. 2. saith that the Palpitation of the Heart and Arteries is different from that of the other parts Therefore the Palpitation of the Heart is an immoderate and preternatural shaking of the part with a great Diastole or Dilatation and a vehement Systole or contraction which somtimes is so great that as Fernelius observes it hath often broken the Ribs adjoyning somtimes displaced them which are over the Paps and somtimes it hath so dilated an Artery forth into an Aneurism as big as ones fist in which you might both see and feel the pulsation This immoderate shaking of the Heart comes from the Pulsative Faculty provoked But here may be objected That in Feavers all these things are found for this is an immoderatâ— Systole and Diastole by the provocation of the Faculty through some troublesom matter or by encrease of heat in the Heart To this we answer That the motion of the Heart in Feavers is distinguished from Palpitation only by its degrees and the depraved motion of the Heart when it is vehement is called Palpitation but if it be not vehement it is called a quick great and swift Pulse and is referred to the differenceâ— of Pulses Now the Efficient Causes of this Palpitation may be referred to Three Heads Either it is somwhat which troubleth and pricketh or necessity of Refrigeration or defect of Spirits which two latter may be referred to the encrease of Custom The Molesting Cause is most usual so that many Authors knew no other the other are rare and that is either a vapor or wind which troubleth the Heart either in quantity or quality or both The quality is either manifest or occult A vapor troublesom in a manifest quality is either in the Heart and its parts adjoyning or it is sent from other parts and this suddenly getting to the inmost parts of the Heart doth stir up the Expulâ—ive Faculty which being Naturally very strong ariseth powerfully with all its force to expel the enemy In the Heart and thereabout especially in the Pericardium are gathered somtimes cold and thick Humors which send up vapors to the Ventricles of the Heart which cause Palpitation But from more remote parts vapors and wind are sent to the Ventricles of the Heart as from the Stomach Spleen Mother and the other parts of the lower Belly Many times a Vapor that troubles the Heart by an occult quality ariseth in malignant Feavers Plague and after Poyson and somtimes from Worms putrified and the terms stopped from corrupt feed or other putrid matter which do much stir up the Expulsive Faculty thereof Divers Humors do molest the Heart either with their quantity or quality so too much Blood oppresâ—ing the Veins Arteries and Ventricles of the Heart so that they cannot move freely makes a Palpitation by hindering motion which that the Faculty may oppose it moveth more violently So Water in the Pericardium being in great quantity doth compreâ—s the substance of the Heart and its Ventricle so that they cannot freely dilate themselves The same do Humors flowing in abundance to the Heart as it happens somtimes in Wounds Fear and Terror Humors offending in quality hurt the Heart if they be venemous putrid corrupt sharp or too hot especially burnt Choller coming to the Heart and provoking its Expulsion Also Tumors though seldom cause this Disease as Inflamation of the Heart Imposthumes or Swelling in the Arteries of the Lungs neer the Heart which Galen saith befel Antipater the Physitian 4. de loc aff by which after an unequal Pulse he fell into a Palpitation and an Asthma and so died so Dodonaeus reports that he found a Callus in the great Artery next to the Heart which caused a Palpitation for many yeers Also Tumors in the Pericardium whether they be without humors and scirrhus or with humors in them as the Hydatides or watery Pustles and little stones bones and pieces of flesh are somtimes growing in the Heart which cause Palpitation So Platerus reports that in one who had a long Palpitation and died thereof there was found a bone in his Heart But Schenkius reports that in a Priest who was from his youth to the age of forty two troubled with a Palpitation there was found in the bottom of his Heart an Excrescens of flesh which weighed eight drams and resembled another Heart The Second Cause of Palpitation is necessity of refrigeration which is when there is a pretâ—â—natural heart in the Heart by which the Spirits are inflamed within and therefore the motion of the Heart and Arteries is encreased that what is spent may be restored and the heat cooled and this comes somtimes from an internal cause which is rare but oftener of an external as anger vehement exercise and the like As Platerus observed in a yong man who being hot and angry at Tennis fell into a Palpitation of the Heart and so died The third Cause is the defect of Spirits which comes by hunger watching anger Joy fear shame and great Diâ—eases and other causes which do suddenly dissipate the Spirits which defect the Heart laboring to repair that it may beget more quick and plentiful and send them into the whol Body sooner it doth enlarge its motion and make it quicker You must observe for conclusion that it is more ordinary to see a Palpitation which comes by consent from other parts than from the Heart it self For it hath a consent with all parts by the Veins and Artâ—ries by which Vapors Wind and Humors are sent Which all shall be shewed in the Diagnosis following The Diagnosis or knowledg of this Disease is directed either to the Disease or the Causes which produce it The Disease is subject to sence it may be felt with the hands somtimes seen and heard for the Artery may be seen to leap especially in the Jugular And Forestus saith it may be heard by an Example of a yong man that they who passed by might hear it by laying their Ear to the Window Also the Causes are distinguished by their Signs A hot distemper is known by the greatness of the Pulse and swiftness by a Feaver and heat of the Breast by great and often breathing and desire of cold things If the Palpitation come of wind it quickly comes and goes and is presently raised by little motion and the Breath is difficult with trembling somtimes at the knees mists in the Eyes noise in the Ears and somtimes pain of some
is somtimes a gnawing in the Stomach a heat in the Hypochondria there is great thirst sharp excrements and chollerick As for the Prognostick Thus Lientery and Coeliack Passion lasting long is dangerous because it catcheth a way the nourishment from the whol body from whence comes an Atrophy or a Dropsie and if it follow great and acute Diseases it useth to be deadly The Cure of this Disease is to be altered according to the variety of the Causes that produce it And First That which cometh from Flegm may be Cured by those Remedies which were propounded for the Cure of Want of Appetite coming of a cold Cause Chusing those things which are most Astringent to stay the Fux of the Belly Therefore you must begin with Purging of the peccant humor with Medicines made of Aloes Rhubarb and Myrobalans Clysters are here of little force while the Stomach is chiefly distempered except an immoderate Flux do require them and then they must be Astringent and strengthening according to the Forms which shal be propounded in the following Cures After Purging sufficiently you must strengthen the Stomach with Opiats Pouders Fomentations Plaisters and other Remedies mentioned in the place above quoted in which as I said you must not omit Astringents as Mastich Citron peels Coriander seeds Snake-weed Roots Tormentil Coral c. And besides others the Opiate following which is greatly Commended by Amatus Lusitanus is Convenient by which he saith he Cured an Old man after many other Medicines failed Take of Conserve of old Roses six ounces of the best Treacle six drams Syrup of Quinces as much as will make an Opiate of which let him take half an ounce in the morning not drinking presently after That which comes of Choller is to be cured by those Remedies which were laid down against Chollerick Vomiting as also by those which shal be described in the Cure of a Chollerick Diarrhoea That which comes from the imbecillity of the Retentive Faculty in a deadly or at least dangerous Disease is to be cured first with Fomentations applied to the Region of the Stomach thus made Take of the Roots of Snakeweed Tormentil and dried Citron peels of each two ounces the Leaves of Mints Plantane and Sea Wormwood of each one handful Nuâ—meg Cloves and Cinnamon of each three drams red Roses four pugils beat them and cut them according to art and fill two bags pinked therewith and steep them in equal parts of Iron Water and red astringent Wine or in Wine alone if there be no great Feaver and let them be applied to the Stomach warm one after another After wards use this Oyntment or some Emplaister made of those which are prescribed for Chollerick Vomiting Also anoint the whol Belly with Oyls or astringent Liniments Give Clysters of Broth in which red Roses have been boyled dissolving therein Sugar and Yolks of Eggs and somtimes Confectio de Hyacintho if the Patient be very weak And finally You may give at the Mouth strengthening and astringent things as in the Cure of Vomiting before mentioned as also thus which shal be shewed for the flux of the Belly In a Coeliack Passion the Food is sent forth crude and imperfectly concocted It only differs from Lientery in degree and is cured with the same Remedios But if the stools be altogether Chylous this Disease doth not depend upon the fault of the Stomach but upon the obstruction of the Meseraick Veins which is usual especially in Children And therefore it is to be cured by Remedies which open obstructions and strengthen the Liver because that is commonly also weak but you must use no astringents least another kind of flux should sollow These Medicines are at large set down in the Cure of the Diseases of the Liver Chap. 5. Of Diarrhoea Dlarrhoea is that kind of flux of the Belly by which the excrementitious Humors are sent forth without Blood or Food and without the Ulceration of the Intestines By the Conditions of Diarrhoea properly so called is distinguished from other kinds of fluxes because in Lientery and Coeliack Passion the Food is cast forth unconcocted or half concocted in a Dysentery and Tenesmus Blood is mixed with the Excrements as in the flux of the Liver called Hepaticus and in the Haemorrhoidal Many are the Differences thereof which that they may be cleerly explained are to be referred to three Heads The first whereof respects the Matter which is voided the second the place from whence it comes the third the Manner and efficient Cause which produceth the flux of the Belly In respect of the Matter voided this flux is divided into a Chollerick Flegmatick Melanchollick and serous or watery In respect of the place from whence it comes either it comes from the whol Body or some peculiar Part as the Brain Stomach Guts Liver Spleen Mesentery Womb and other Parts Thirdly In respect of the Manner and Efficient Cause one Diarrhoea is Critical another Symptomatical one comes from an internal Cause as a distemper or evil disposition of the internal parts another from an external as from some Medicine or Poyson These Differences are seldom found single but they are often complicated in one and the same flux So a Chollerick flux is from the Liver or the whol Body a Flegmatick from the Brain or Stomach a Melanchollick from the Spleen and a Serous from the whol Body Also these Differences are complicated from a divers mixture of Humors so that somtimes Choller Flegm and Water are sent forth by the same flux There is another kind of Diarrhoea different from the rest which is called Syntectice or Colliquativa coming from the melting away of the substance of the Body and Humors by the violent hot distemper of the solid parts such as happeneth somtimes in the Inflamation of the Bowels in a strong burning Feaver hectick or pestilential in which a fat Matter as it were mixed with Oyl or Grease is voided Lastly Fluxus stercorosus or a dungy flux is another kind in which much liquid excrement is often voided which comes from excrementitious Meats corrupted in the Stomach or a great plenty of Excrements heaped up in the Intestines The Knowledg in general is manifest namely when more liquid Excrements are voided and oftener than usually Nature doth allow The Signs of these Differences which are taken from the matter are manifest to the Senses namely Whether they be Flegmatick Melanchollick Chollerick or Serous The Parts Sending have a more difficult Diagnosis or way of Knowledg yet they are thus Distinguished If the Humors flow from the whol body there either is or hath lately been a continual Feaver or some other disease of the whol body as Cachexia evil Habit or Leucophlegmatia or white Dropsie or there hath been over-eating or drinking and there is no sign of any Disease of any peculiar part If it be Critical it is a benefit to the Patient and is easily endured and thence the Disease is either Cured or Diminished Somtimes there
say that the heat which is putrid in respect of the matter putrifying is native in respect of the Worms because the natural and putredinal heat differ but in degree but divers degrees of heat are required for the generation of divers Creatures and therfore heat which is putrid in respect of us may be natural in respect of another Creature So the heat which is natural to a Lyon would cause Feavers in us and by consequence is putrefactive Many flie to the heat of the Sun which is the universal Cause of al generation but we must alwayes acknowledge a particular Cause from whence the effect is immediately produced by the Concurrence and Co-operation of the universal Cause but here is a greater difficulty because it is a common axiome or theoreme That nothing can beget a thing more Noble than it self and therefore heat is not the chief agent in breeding of Worms which are in the praedicament of substance and heat is but an accident and whatsoever is spoken of the Sun the form of a Worm is more Noble than the form of the Sun because it is the form of a living Creature and that of the Sun is Forma mixta or the form of a mixed body only This Doubt brings us into that large and weighty Disputation of an Aequivocal Generation in the Circuit whereof very excellent Philosophers have Writ whol Volumns to which we send our Readeâ— and chiefly to Fortunius Licetus his Book of the Spontaneous Generation of Living Creatures Let it â—uffice in this place to say that many of their Opinions are brought to this They believe Seeds of many things to be in divers Substances which according to their divers Changings come to light even as the matter is more or less disposed by putrefaction or other alteration to receive this or that form and the Seed which is more agreeable to that Disposition is brought into act and bringeth into the matter a form proper to its self This Opinion doth not much differ from the old Philosophy which teacheth That Forms proceed from the power in the Matter but they think it safer to hide the Seeds of things in their Matter which are truly efficient than to acknowledge only the power of the Matter which hath no power to be an efficient for we must find out some efficient with the power in the â—atter which may raise a Form from it or rather introduce or bring a Form into it The material Cause of Worms is commonly sweet Flegm which groweth putrid by which it gets a Disposition to be turned into Worms but we think it no wayes necessary that food which wil breed Worms should be first turned into Flegm For Worms may breed of their immediately being putrified as we see in Flesh â—heeâ—e Cheâ—â—nuts Apples Pears Cherries and other Fruits which bring forth Worms by being putrified So it is in our bodies especially in Children which are given to Gluttâ—ny and eat the aforesaid things and take new commonly before the old is Concocted Hence is it that they putrifie and breed Worms But let yong Physitians observe this It is daily observed in Practice That Sucking Children that eat meat are most troubled with Worms and because their Stomachs are not able to digest it therefore it is corruption and turned into Worms moreover Milk is quickly digested in the Stomach and presently sent to the Guts and if it hath meat mixed with it which could not so suddenly be digested it wil be sent into the intestines with the Milk and therefore corrupt and breed Worms And observe That Worms never breed of Milk only so that as often as you consider the Disease of an Infant take notice Whether it have the Worms or no which Women alwayes proclaim and say al their Diseases came from thence as they ascribe al the Diseases of Women to the Mother and the Physitian may certainly pronounce that the â—hild hath not the Worms if it live only upon Milk and have eat neither meat nor Broth Galen â—â— his com aph 26. sect 3. taught this saying That in Children that Suck milk only no Worms do breed the Reason whereof is not plain Many say That in sucking Children the Heat is not strong enough to breed Worms And this is confirmed by Galen in the place cited where he saith That strong Heat is required for the Generation of Worms and thence he saith it comes that Worms are more in Youth than Infancy which also Hippocrates teacheth in the Aphorism aforesaid and which he seems to gain-say in lib. 4. de morbis where he saith That Worms breed in Children before they are born but these have not stronger heat than they that suck And Hippocrates gives another Reason why Children in the Womb should have Worms because their Excrements are reteined but when they are born they do not breed Worms because then their Excrements are not reteined But this wil not satisfie because oftentimes in Children that Suck the Excrements are reteined and yet they have no Worms while they live only upon milk therefore since the aforesaid Reasons do not content solid wits we expect the new Thoughts of Wise men touching this matter and in the mean while we wil briefly declare our Opinion and leave to the Judgment of the Learned We say then That Milk putrifying doth grow sowr and then is unfit for to breed VVorms but rather hindereth them for it is known that al sowr things do kill VVorms Hence it is that the Juyce of Lemons is so ordinarily given against them and in ordinary drink a little Spirit of Vitriol to sharpen it doth wonders It is Commonly thought That among the Material Causes of Worms Sweet things are the chief whâ—ch is to be doubted or because it is confirmed by a Common Axiome That Sweet things do easily turn into Choller and Choller by its bitterness doth kil Worms but we can easily answer this doubt thus In Chollerick Bodies and such as are sharp with heat sweet things do easily breed Choller because by over Concoction they grow bitter as we see dayly in artificial Concoction but in other Constitutions that are not Chollerick sweet things do not breed Choller but rather flegm when they are sent too soon from the Stomach into the Guts and so being crude and only half concocted they putrifie and become a fit Matter to breed Worms But there is yet a difficulty concerning Sugar and Honey which since they have a substance not subject to Putrefaction but rather that doth preserve other things from it cannot breed Worms This Reason convincing we say that Sugar and Honey will not breed Worms because their substance is incorruptible but being once bred they do feed and maintain them because the Worms loving sweet things do stir themselves at the approach of Honey and Sugar and get into the Stomach where they grow with speed from whence those Symptomes do arise which are proper to Worms The signs of Worms in the Guts are divers not all
had no wind coming forth of the Cavity of the Belly neither did their Bellies but their Guts sink especially the thin Guts which were so stretched with wind that they came forth so rouled together that they could not be again thrust into the Belly But we must observe that the wind which causeth a Tympany is seldom contained in the Belly alone but for the most part mixed with Water as in an Ascites not only Water but Wind also is contained and both these Dropsies have their name of that which predominateth if there be more wind than water it is a Tympany but if more water than wind an Ascites but if they be equal it is between both â—o that we may doubt whether that Dropsie be a Tympany or an Ascites The Material Cause of Wind is a crude Humor and thick whether it be Flegm or Melancholly which being stirred and made thin by heat sends forth thick vapors which are hard to be dissolved and these are called Flatus This Crude and thick Humor is partly in the Stomach and Guts but especially between the Membranes of the Midriff and Guts from whence it is more hard to be moved than from the Cavity of the parts aforesaid The 11. Aph. Sect. 6. of Hippocrates makes this very probable They who have pains and gripings about the Navel and Loyns which cannot be removed have a dry Dropsie For because the Mesentery is joyned to the Guts by the fore part and to the Loyns by the hinder part we may easily perceive that the pains which reach from the Navil to the Loyns come from the Mesentery Besides The greatness of the pain shews that the Cause is deep in the substance of the part and cannot be removed For if it were in the Cavity of the Stomach and Guts it would easily be remedied Concerning the Efficient Cause Authors differ some say from a cold some from a hot distemper They which accuse a cold distemper think they have Galen on their side who saies that wind is bred of a weak heat To whom we answer That heat may be said to be weak in respect of the Matter which cannot be discussed or dissolved thereby But this is to be imputed to the Matter which is rather defective than the Heat which is commonly too great and Preternatural And we must acknowledg with the Learned That a burnt Melanchollick Humor is most fit to breed a Tympany which proceedeth from the parching heat of the Bowels which heat doth stir that Matter and produceth from it thick vapors that are hard to be dissolved The Dropsie called Anasarca comes of a Flegmatick Humor spread through the whol Body and therefore the Body is swoln and white from whence the Disease is called Leucophlegmatia This Flegm comes from a cold Liver which instead of good Blood produceth crude and flegmatick which when it cannot be turned into the substance of the parts leaveth the crude part that is unfit for Nourishment upon them and makes them swell hence comes Anasarca or Leucophlegmatia This Disease beginning is called Cachexia or an evil Habit and turns into Leucophlegmatia from which it differs but in degree The Antecedâ—nt Causes are all things that cool the Liver too much and hinder its Concoction as too much cold and moist Diet the stopping of the Terms or Hemorrhoids Obstructions cold Tumors Scirrhus and large bleeding and other great Evacuations by which the Native heat is diminished The Signs of a Dropsie and every sort of it may be known by what hath been said In an Ascites you may know that there is water in the Abdomen by its greatness lost Swelling and broad and if you press the sides you shall easily hear a noise of Water and when the Patient turns from one side to the other and then the whol Belly lieth as it were on that side then the Feet and Cods swell but the higher part grow less the Urine is little and thick somtimes red because there goes but little water to the Reins and Bladder and staies long there by which means it becomes red and thick In the progress or encrease of the Disease there is difficulty of Breathing by reason of the abundance of water which lieth upon the Diaphragma or Midriff especially when the Patient lieth down and therefore he is forced to stand or sit most usually There is a troublesom thirst from the saltness of the Humor with which the Stomach swimmeth And lastly there is a constant lingering Feaver from the corruption of the Water which at length doth corrupt all the Bowels swimming therein In a Tympany the Belly being strook sounds like a Drum the Bulk of the Belly is less burdensom than in an Ascites There were formerly pains about the Navel and Reins when the Patient lieth with his face upwards his Belly remains hard and stretched forth nor doth it turn aside when he turneth himself Lastly In an Anasarca not only the Belly Thighs and Leggs but also the Hands Arms Breast Face and whol Body swel and wheresoever you thrust your finger upon it it will pit and leave an impression The color of the Skin is pale and Earthy the Flesh soft and loose the Water thin and white breathing difficultly and somtimes a lingering Feaver As to the Prognostick Every Dropsie is dangerous and hard to be cured and the more hard by how much the elder but Anasarca is least dangerous but Ascites and Tympany are somtimes one more dangerous than another according to their Causes So if Ascites come from a Scirrhus of the Liver or Ulcer of some internal part it is more dangerous than a Tympany but if it come of drinking too much Water or new Obstructions it is less dangerous A Dropsie is more easily cured in Servants than in Free-men in Country men than in Noble men for they will be better constrained to abstain from Drink and the like and be more patient than they who have liberty A Dropsie from the hardness of the Spleen is less dangerous than from the hardness of the Liver because the Spleen is not so Noble a part A Dropsie coming upon an acute Disease is evil nor will it abate the Feaver but cause pain and death Hipp. 2. Prognost They whose Liver being full of water discharge it into the Omentum or Caul their Belly is filled with Water and they die Hipp. Aph. 55. Sect. 7. He who hath Water between the Skin or an Anasarca if that water which is in the Veins flows into the Belly the disease is cured Hipp. Aph. 14. Sect. 6. This Aphorism seems coutrary to the former But this contrariety is answered by saying that Hippocrates in the former by Belly understood the Cavity of the Abdomen but in this Belly its self for if the water flow through the Belly the Disease is at an end Which Opinion is more clearly explained by Hippocrates in Coacis in these words In the beginning of a Dropsie if there come a flux of the belly without
hardness there which being touched pained him the story whereof is at larger related in our 81. Observation Cent. 3. And in the knowledg of the Scurvy we observed which none that ever wrote thereof did That in all Scurvyes there is a Tumor of the Pancreas because you may find a straightness oppression and weight in the Region of the Stomach And this Sign is laid down for a cleer one by Eugalenus Sennertus and others There are some stories in Authors of Imposthumes found in the Pancreas which were not discovered while the Patients lived But by the Symptomes they had they may be partly known as some like those of the Scirrhus to which you may joyn these a lingering Feaver which is the companion of almost all inward Imposthumes much watching short sleep and after it pain swooning and cold sweats The Cure of the Obstruction Scirrhus and Imposthume of the Pancreas is the same with those of the Liver Spleen and Mesentery There you may fetch Medicines from the Chapters concerning them Chap. 5. Of the Diseases of the Caul or Omentum BEcause the Omentum is a soft part and fat fit by reason of its loosness to receive Humors that come from other parts It is subject to divers Diseases as the Mesentery and Pancreas And these are not described by Authors because they can scare be seen in living men but only by Anatomy as you may see in some Stories in our Observations Vesalius saith that he saw in a Body opened an Omentum so swoln that is weighed five pounds when in its Natural condition it would weigh scare half a pound Roussetus in lib. de partu Caesareo reports that in Paris there was found a great Imposthume in the Omentum Riolanus in his Anthropographia saith that he saw an Omentum in a Noble Youth of ninteen yeers of age so full of kernels by which it received abundance of filthy Humors the Mesentery and Pancreas being imposthumated and the Spleen almost consumed We also saw a Scirrhus Omentum in a Fryar of Montpelior all over the lower part of the Belly and four fingers thick it was of the color of the Spleen so that it was probable that it was caused by Melancholly from thence because he was of a Melanchollick temper and the passage is very open by the branches of the Spleen Veins to the Omentum by which branches as Hippocrates teacheth the water in a Dropsie is brought from the Spleen to the Omentum from which by degrees it distils into the Cavity of the Abdomen But because the swelling of the Omentum can by no means be distinguished from that of the Mesentery therefore we cannot appoint a distinct knowledg It is true that the Tumors of the Omentum are easier known at the first touch because it is immediately under the Peritonaeum but the Mesentery is so united to it and the Muscles of the lower Belly that they are sent forth by suppuration through the Navel or other external parts Yet this Difficulty of Knowledg doth not hinder the Cure because the same Medicines serve for all Tumors that are alike in all the parts of the belly but the Cure is worse to be made in the Omentum because it hath not fit way as other parts have for the purging of its self The End of the Thirteenth Book THE FOURTEENTH BOOK OF THE PRACTICE OF PHYSICK Of the Diseases of the Reins and Bladder The PREFACE THE Reins and Bladder have divers and all sorts of Diseases both Similary Organical and Common from which divers Symptomes arise both in the actions hurt and also in the fault of the Evacuations We will comprehend the chief in Nine Chapters The First shall be of the Stone in the Kidneys and the pain of the Reins called Dolor Nephriticus The Second of the Stone in the Bladder The Third of the Inflamation of the Reins and Bladder The Fourth of Pissing of Blood The Fifth of the Vlcer of the Reins and Bladder The Sixth of Diabetes or Involuntary pissing The Seventh of the not holding of the Water The Eighth of Ischuria or stoppage of the Water and Strangury The Ninth of Dysuria or scattering of the Vrine Chap. 1. Of the Stone in the Kidneyes and Pain in the Reins called Dolor Nephriticus THat is called Dolor Nephriticus which doth afflict the Ureters or Reins the common people call it the Stone-Chollick because of the great affinity it hath with the Chollick so that it is hard to distinguish them as you shall see in the Diagnostick or Signs The Cause of this Pain in manifold but chiefly the stone or thick flegm A stone continuing in the Reins causeth either little or no pain because the substance of the Reins hath little Sence but if it fall upon the Head of the Ureters or get into the passage and distend it and cannot be brought to the Bladder by reason of its greatness then it causeth grievous pain But gross flegm fastened upon the Ureters doth distend them and causeth the Nephritical pain The less ordinary Causes are thick blood fixed in the Ureters or thick Matter coming from the Kidneyes or other parts somtimes wind gets into the Cavity and causeth great pain There are many Controversies in Authors about the stone which is the chief and usual cause of the pain of the Reins which we shall not accurately declare but only touch those things which are necessary to declare its Nature and Causes And first they doubt under what kind of Disease they should reckon the stone Galen placeth it among the Diseases in number of those things which are wholly besides Nature as also the Worms For though a Disease in number properly doth respect living parts whose number being encreased or diminished maketh an organical Disease yet those things which are preternaturally added to the number of those things of which the Body is compounded ought to be referred to the Diseases in number so that somtimes the bare qualities are somtimes referred to Diseases in number when they do immediately hurt the actions as yellowness in the Eye of one that hath the Jaundice a noise in the Ears and a bitter tast upon the Tongue Oftentimes the stone is reckoned among Causes of Diseases as it breeds Obstruction or Distention It may also be placed among the Symptomes those that are voided or retained for if it be retained in the Kidneys Reins or Bladder when it should be voided it is to be reckoned among those things that are preternaturally retained but when it is voided it is to be reckoned among those that are voided wholly against Nature But there is more difficulty about the cause of the stone both material and efficient Galen and his posterity thought that flegm was the material cause of the stone which is thick and slimy fit to be hardened and as they say of late faeculent slimy and Tartarous and heat the efficient which drieth and hardeneth that matter and at length turneth it into a stone Which Doctrine
joyned with Earth like themselves by the force of the efficient cause they may be stones So we see in Wines turned to Tartar but Tartar calcined goes all into Salt which shews that it is chiefly made of Salt So in Urines that have much Salt especially in those which have slimy matter we see a tartarous Matter cleaving to the glass This Salt Matter which is mixed with the Urine comes from Meat and Drink so affected and they are cast forth in a sound Body nor are they retained in the Reins when the efficient Cause is absent We have called the efficient Cause Spiritum Lapidisicum or a Spirit that makes a stone Fernelius calls it a stony disposition which is in the Reins commonly Haereditarily But we like the foremost Title best For first some have stones which have them not Haereditarily if they eat or drink things that breed them because in them there is both the Material and Efficient Cause therefore the Hermets impute the Efficient Cause of stones to their proper seeds which in a Matter rightly disposed produce their form Moreover Many Histories shew that Stones come from a Stone making Spirit of Men Beasts and other things turned into Stones by a Breath or Spirit out of the Earth So in Aventinus lib. 7. Annal. Bavar an 1343. that more than fifty Country men and their Cows were turned into Stones And so saies Ortellius in his Description of Russia of whol Heards of Cattel So also Camerarius reports of a South wind that bloweth some times of the yeer in the Province of Chilo in Armenia by the blasts whereof whol Troops of Horses are suddenly turned into Statues of Stone and stand in the same rank and file in which they were This Stone making Spirit is not only in the Reins of those which have this Disease but also in the Juyce of those things that are eaten and drunk separated from them so that somtimes both come together Hence it is that some that eat but any Meats that incline to the breeding of the stone do presently produce it because there is a Stone-breeding disposition or Stone-making Spirit in their Reins But if their Reins be free from this Spirit such meat will not breed stones because their stone-making force is not strong enough without the assistance of the Reins to convert that matter into stone On the Contrary if the stone-making power be greater in the meats that are taken and they are often eaten stones will be bred although the Kidneys have no such disposition or stone-making Spirit So we see in divers places where the Water or Wine are full of stone-making juyce the greatest part of the Inhabitants are subject to the stone as we may see in Ovid concerning the Thracians in these Verses The Thracian Waters all things Marble make Their Guts turn Stone that inwardly them take And contrary If there be that stone-making vertue in the Kidneys it makes stones of any nourishment though never so wholsom So about three yeers since I saw one who for three or four months voided more than twelve little stones every day by Urine when all that while he kept his bed very sick and fed only upon Broth and Panadoes The Antecedent and Primary Causes either respect the supply of Matter for the stone or the constitution of the Reins by reason whereof the stones do more easily grow The Stomach Liver Spleen and Reins do much cause the breeding and heaping up of Matter for the stone chiefly the Stomach if it do not wel concoct there is a crude Chyle brought to the Liver and from thence impure and Earthy Juyces are sent with the Serum or Water into the Reins A hot liver doth bake the Chylous Matter and makes it fit to breed a stone as also being too cold it makes crude blood most fit for the same purpose A Spleen weak or stopped or otherwise disturbed doth not sufficiently purge the drossie part of the blood but sends part of it to the Reins which will more easily be turned into a stone And lastly the Reins besides their conjunct cause which is a stony disposition are an Antecedent Cause in two respects namely in respect of their Temper and of their Form In regard of their hot Temper they more violently draw the Stone-making Matter and thicken it more but in respect of their Form they are an Antecedent Cause if the Emulgent Veins are more loose so that that thick and Tartarous Matter may be more easily received into the Reins or if the Ureters and those Vessels that send the serous Matter to them be too narrow so that the thick Matter hath not a free passage but is retained in the Reins Thick and slimy Nourishment doth chiefly afford Matter for the Stone such as are full of Salt as Beef Pork Hairs Geese or things dried in the Smoak or poudered as Salt-fish Shel-fish Eeles Pulse Chees and all Milk meats hard Eggs Chesnuts Pears Quinces Medlars unleavened Bread and Rice thick Wine sharp or black or new Wine not purged standing Waters and such as are full of stone-breeding Juyce To these add very hot Meats as Pepper Ginger Garlick Onions old strong Wine which makes the Liver and Reins too hot too strong Diureticks which carry the Matter that will cause the Disease too violently to the Reins thick Garments Down Beds Baths inordinate Lechery which is a great Enemy to the Reins violent Exercue especially after meat too much feeding or long fasting great anger and other passions The Signs of the Stone taken by themselves are equivocal and common to other Diseases but if you consider them all together you may have certain Knowledg by them The First Sign is a fixed pain about the Loyns somtimes heavy when the Stone is fastened to the substance which being of a dull sence hath a weighty pain but as often as the Stone gets into the Head of the Ureters then it causeth a sharp and pricking pain and this is called the Nephritical pain or pain of the Reins and it continueth while the stone is there neither will it cease to torment the Patient till the stone get into the Cavity of the Bladder or turn back into the hollow of the Kidneyes The Second Sign is bloody Urine which comes from the opening or corrosion of the Veins which are dispersed into the substance of the Reins which comes from the rubbing of the Stone that sticks in the substance but if there be but little blood voided being mixed with Urine it looseth its color so that the Urine looks like a Lye This Sign is not alwaies but somtimes depends upon other causes But when it doth appear it is one of the chief which distinguisheth the Stone from the Chollick It useth to be caused by riding much walking and other violent exercise for then the stone if it be rough and snaggy being removed from its place doth cut and tear the tender Flesh of the Kidneyes The Third Sign is thin Urine
water-like and little in the beginning of the fit after which somtimes followeth a total stoppage if both Ureters are stopped but when the fit is past and the stone that was fixed in the Ureters is fallen into the bladder there comes forth much thick troubled Urine with a sandy Sediment The Fourth Sign is often voiding of sand and stones Concerning voiding of a stone it is evident That if the Patient voided any formerly though never so smal when he had a fit it is most certain that the Disease is the Stone But concerning Sand we cannot speak so infallible for we may see many all their lives time void Gravel and never be troubled with the stone for sand comes often from adustion of Humors in the Liver and Veins and it sticks to the sides of the Urinal and goes not to the bottom as that which comes from the Reins Besides if you rub it between your fingers it dissolveth and is like Salt when the other will not yeeld to the fingers and will not dissolve And finally because this Sand is salt it is dissolved in hot Urine nor will it appear while the Urine is so but when it is cold it grows together to the sides of the Urinal not unlike the Crystal of Tartar which being dissolved in warm water when it grows cold congealeth and sticks to the sides of the Glass so the Nature of them both is very like The Fifth Sign is a stone voided and this is most certain For if any former Sign though equivocal do appear and a stone be voided you may be certain of the Disease The Sixth Sign is a numbness of the Thigh on the same side that the Back is pained of for the stone being great doth oppress the Nerve which is in erted into the Muscles of the Loyns under the Reins called by the Anatomists Psenas and those Muscles go to the Hip for its motion such a numbness is percâ—ived by sitting upon the Thigh through the compression or in the Arm by long leaning thereon The Seventh Sign is the drawing in of one stone on that side where the pain is For the Kidneys and Ureters being provoked with the greatness of the pain do vehemently contract themselves and then the Spermatical Vessels and all the parts adjacent are also contracted and these Vessels do raise up the stone which is joyned to them so that it seems somtimes to be fixed to the Groyn And this retraction or drawing in of parts reacheth to the bladder and Guts For in great pain the belly is bound and Urine stopped so that then Purges will not work by reason they are hindered by that Contraction The Eighth Sign is loathing and vomiting by the connexion of the Kidneys with the Stomach by the Membrane that comes from the Peritonaeum and by the Nerve of the sixth Conjugation two branches whereof reach from the Stomach to the inward Tunicle of the Kidneys Therefore when those sensible parts in the Kidneys are pulled the Stomach consenting is stirred up to exclude that which hurteth and first it sends out Flegm then yellow Choller after green if the evil continue because through long pain and watching the blood is altered in the Veins and that part which is most disposed for it is turned into green Choller Finally The Nephritical pain is so like the Chollick that Galen himself was deceived in the distinguishing of them as we shewed in the Diagnosis or Knowldg of the Chollick where also we laid down signs by which we may distinguish them which we shall not need to repeat The Signs afore mentioned are equivocal and one of them can scarce give a certain knowledg Some Authors mention others which are more equivocal and uncertain but joyned with others they help the knowledg of the Disease therefore it will not be amiss to mention them Hipp. Aph. 34. Sect. 7. saith They who have bubbles in their Vrine have an old Disease in the Reins For these bubbles come from thick Humors full of gross vapors which are either bred in the Reins or sent from other parts to them that matter is proper to breed the stone and cannot be presently cured therefore the Disease is long Galen in his Comment upon this Aporism saith that the mouthes of the Arteries which come to the Reins are opened by the sharpness of the Urine and thence comes a Spirit which being mixed with the Urine maketh bubbles But it is not probable that such a gross Spirit that will remain so long should come from the Arteries and Urine being cold may long time so continue as we see many bubbles many hours swimming thereupon And also when the Arteries are opened by the sharpness of the Urine blood will also come forth And the mouthes of the Veins having thin Skins would be more easily opened and so there would be also blood mixed with the bubbles Hippocrates also Aph. 76. Sect. 4. saith They who void little bits of flesh and things like hairs with a thick Vrine do it from the Reins The bits of flesh come from the Ulcer of the Reins of which we shall speak hereafter but these thrids or hairs are said by Galen in his Commentaries to come from thick and crude flegm made long and round by the extraordinary heat of the Reins Yet Galen confesseth 6. loc aff cap. 3. that after a long search he was ignorant of the cause of their length Avicen saith that these thrids grow long in the vessels of the Reins or others for in regard these are taken away by Diureticks and the Patients acknowledg pain in the Reins it is credible that they receive their form from thence Actuarius doth directly say they come from the Ureters For when the Reins abound with flegm it goes with the Urine into the Ureters and sticking to them and growing thick by heat it gets a long shape like a thrid or hair But Fernelius writes that those hairs come from the Parastatis or kernels from his Observation in which they grow long like hairs from the matter of the seed which by force of the Disease flowing down by degrees grows thick by heat and that they appear much in those who have lately had a filthy Gonorrhoea and in those women who have the Whites or a foul Womb and in that Urine which they make next after they have known a man Others suppose that those thick Humors of which those filaments or hairs are made are first bred in the Veins but take their form in the narrow passages of the Reins through which as through a sieve they turn smal and after they descend into the Ureters in which they grow dryer till they are sent into the bladder neither can they be broken by reason of their toughness Whatsoever the cause is since the best Authors do agree that these hairs breed of thick flegm in the Kidneys or come to them from other parts it is certain that they may turn into a stone if there be an efficient cause fit
affected with the pain of the Reins were cured by them Which Amatus Lusitanus Curat 78. Cent. 7. wisely confirmeth where he thus saith A man that had the pain of his back and pissed often red hairs complained of his Loyns and Guts for which he had took many things in vain but contrary to all hope he was cured with eating of Filberts For one counselled him that if he would be cured he should eat Filberts with their inward Husks before Dinner and Supper But he considering the Innocency of the Medicine eat them at meat and after also by which he was cured perâ—ectly and his pain never returned Amatus Lusitanus in his Notes adds this That not only that man but many others have been cured thereby These are those vulgar Nuts that Avicen reckons among the Medicines that consume the Stone But the question is by what faculty they work whether by the dryness of the inward skin But some say that they work by their Oyly quality The Chymists commend the Spirit of Salt and give some drops thereof in a morning with Broth or other Liquor Zechius commends boyled Water given warm the quantity of six or seven ounces once or twice in a day before meat For it clenseth the Reins and extinguisheth the heat so that they cannot after breed stones Let his Drink be thin Wine with the Decoction of Sea-holly This Crato commends And we have seen excellent effects thereby Sowr Wine called in French Vnies drunk often doth so much good that some have Vinyards of those Grapes on purpose To correct the hot distemper of the Reins is the best Preservative by such things as are mentioned in the hot distemper of the Liver For they help the Reins and the Liver from whence many times they are distempered Among the rest Whey drunken in Summer a whol month together is the best And sharp Mineral and Vitriol Waters to cool al the Bowels You may apply this following Epithem often to the Reins Take of Lettice Water-lilly and Rose Water of each three ounces Rose Vinegar two ounces Apply them very warm morning and evening This following Liniment is good especially in Winter Take of the Oyl of Roses Water Lillies and Violets washed in Vinegar and Rose Water of each one ounce the Mucilage of Marsh-mallows drawn in Pellitory Water six drams Wax a little Make a Liniment for the Reins morning and evening The extraordinary heat of the Reins is allayed with a plate of Lead alwaies warm And lastly Because the Crudities of the Stomach do breed the Stone you must have an eye to that and strengthen it with such things as are prescribed in the Chapter of the Weakness thereof Chap. 2. Of the Stone in the Bladder ALthough we should speak of these Diseases of the Reins in order yet because the Stone in the Kidneys and Bladder aâ—e of the same Nature and what hath been said of the one may agree with the other we shal speak next of the Stone in the Bladder The Material and Efficient Cause is the same of both only this Difference there is That Children are most subject to the Stone in the Bladder and Men to that in the Kidneys The Reason of which is given by Galen 6. Epid. Sect. 3. because thickness of Urine which Children often have by Reason of their gluttony is dissolved by their gentle heat neither doth it stay in the Reins by the help of the Expulsive Faculty of the Reins which is stronger in that age but being fallen into the Bladder there it staies longer because children given to play and sleep piss more seldom Moreover their Urine is not so sharp neither doth it provoke the expulsive faculty of the Bladder while the quantity is burdensom and so the dregs remain because the Passage is very narrow besides the bladder being stretched by the plenty of Urine cannot so exactly contract it self to empty out all the Urine but some remains in the bottom which is thick and fit to breed the Stone On the contrary old men do often piss forth that Matter which is in the bladder and their passage is larger but the thick humor remains in the Reins because it is clammy and cannot be dissolved by their weak heat or strain through by reason of its dryness Hence Hippocrates in Coacis saith that the Stone in the bladder is not bred after fourteen yeers of age to three score except it was there before Fernelius mentioned a new Opinion of the Stone breeding in the Bladder saying That every stone in the bladder had its beginning from the Kidneys and grows afterwards in the bladder For when in a fit of the stone it fals from the Reins if it be great it staies in the Bladder and by getting new Matter it encreaseth by degrees For he affirmeth that in grinding of some stones taken out of the Bladder he found as it were a Kernel which fel from the Reins of another color and substance and that he never knew any that had a stone in the bladder who was not formerly vexed with pains in the Reins But this Opinion is cast off by divers very good Authors who by their Experience have found the contrary and have taken many stones from the bladders of children which have been wholly of the same color and substance within And common Experience teacheth us that Children have the Stone in the Bladder who never had pain in the Reins which would be otherwise if the stone came first from the Reins It is true that in men many times stones fall from the Kidneys into the Bladder and encrease by the addition of new Matter but we deny that it is alwaies so and we constantly affirm that many stones have taken their beginning in the bladder The knowledg of the stone in the bladder is difficult especially in the beginning when it is little but when it is great it is evident But we shall discover it as much as we can by Art The First Sign is pain in the neck of the bladder which is worse towards the end of pissing and reacheth to the end of the Yard like that which is in difficulty of Urine from Inflamation called Dysuria and it is scarcely at first distinguished from it but when other signs appear The Second Sign is Itching in the Yard which makes the Patient scratch it often The Third Sign is Weight in the Peritonaeum or inward covering of the Guts and all about the Pecten where the Hair groweth with a heavy pain when the stone is great The Fourth Sign is When there is a great stone there is great stoppage of Urine with pain like women in travel and dropping of water and often endeavoring to pils The Fifth Sign is Stoppage suddenly in time of pissing by reason of the stone falling to the Orifice of the Bladder The Sixth Sign is Easier making Water lying upon the back because it puts the stone from the Orifice to the bottom of the bladder The Seventh Sign
Green Tobacco Leaves beaten and laid on do ease the Gout and are said to be of a stupefactive Nature As for the Efficient Cause of the pain to the Humor flowing into the Part repelling Medicaments must be opposed and to that which is allready in deriving and resolving Medicaments must be applied Howbeit repelling Medicines are disallowed in this Case especially alone and without the commixture of other things For if they shal wholly stop the influx of the matter into the Parts affected it is to be Feared least they retiring to the inward Parts should cause dangerous diseases unless they happen to be translated to some other Joynt Again the Humor which hath already flowed into the Part is the more driven inward by which means the Pains become more violent But yet if in the beginning of the Gout there be a great afflux of Humors especially hot ones which threatens sharp Pains to follow it will be convenient in some measure to repress the same by applying repellers not alone but mixed with such things as mitigate Pain after universal and sufficient Evacuations For then such things as do overmuch relax do help forward the afflux of Humors And therefore we may ad unto the foresaid cataplasmes and other remedies Plantane Lettice Purslane Housleek and such like as also a little Vineger As for example Take Barley Meal three ounces Boyl it in Water and Vineger add two Yolks of Eggs Saffron twenty grains Make all into a Pultis Or Take Red Roses an Handful Barley and Fenugreek Meal of each one ounce Red Sanders one dram and an half Chamomel Flowers one pugil when they are Boyled and beaten add two Yolks of Eggs Vineger four ounces Oyl of Roses as much as shall suffice make all into a Pultis Among remedies which derive the Humor from the Part affected are Horse-Leeches after sufficient Evacuation applied thereunto for then they do much good especially when the Veins in the Part affected do seem distended and swelling with Blood Now resolving Medicaments are wont to be used in divers forms as of Waters Oyls Unguents Balsoms Fomentations Fumigations Cataplasmes Plaisters and the like compounded after this manner Take Vitriol white and green of each one ounce camphire two drams aqua vitae and white Wine of each one pint Mix them and apply them with cloathes dipped in them Or Slake Lime in Urine purifie the Liquor and foment the Pained place therewith It is likewise good if it be done with Vineger and Lime Martinus Rulandus in the Centuries of his Cures doth mightily cry up his Gout-quelling Water but never describes the same But Libavius Petreus and others suppose it was thus made Take Fountain Water a Pint Aqua fortis half an ounce Sublimate one dram Boyl them a quarter of an hour Wet linnen cloaths in this Liquor and apply them luke-warm to the Part affected Quercetanus in his Pharmacopoeia propounds these following Take Pickle of salt and the Vrin of a Boy of each Equal Parts Still them and Wet Linnen Cloathes in the Water and apply to the place affected often changing the cloathes for fresh ones Take Green Elder Leaves and flowers of each one pound beat them and steep them in Aqua vitae for two or three daies still them in a Glass or Copper vessel till they be dry Take Spirit of Wine rectified two pounds of the finest honey one pound Distill them in Balneo Vaporoso So you shall still two Liquors The first is watrish The second much stronger and Sulphureous which you shall keep by it self To the remaining materialls add an ounce and an half of whol Oriental saffron Venice turpentine two ounces Castoreum six drams Tartar calcined till it be white half a pound dissolved salt an ounce Phlegm of vitriol not separate from its spirit four ounces Lie made of Vinetree-Ashes two pound steep them together twenty four hours Then still them til they become dry keep the Liquor which comes likewise by it self To the Dreggs remaining pour on the former Water which you kept Steep them and still them Lastly put all the distilled Waters together and distill them in Balneo Vaporoso Quercetanus saies That this Water is of wondrous efficacy and that it was communicated unto him by a certain most famous German as a special guift affirming that this was the very Water of Rulandus And he averred that he had seen the rare effects thereof in easing the Pains of the Gout if Linnen cloathes being moderately warmed and dipped therein be applied to the Part affected The same Quercetanus in his Councel touching the Gout doth brag that he reserves to himself his Gout-quelling Water as a Master-peice for such an old soldier as himself to boast of which he saies is made of plain Fountaine Water wherein he doth divers times quench certain Metallick substances which are wont to be taken inwardly when rightly prepared whose spirits being impressed into the foresaid Water do contribute thereunto the power of penetrating unto the Roots of the Disease and of truly resolving the Tartarous stony matters with the salts which are combined in the Joynts from whence such intollerable Pains do arise Peradventure this that follows it not unlike it nor a whit inferior in Virtue Take Vnslaked Lime four pound Slak it in River-water as much as you please and let it stand in a Wine Cellar three daies that the Salt may be better extracted out of the Chalk or Lime Afterward let them Boyl a little and strain the Liquor through an Hippocras Bag. In twenty pints of the strained Liquor quench seven or nine times first Plates of steel red hot then Plates of Copper red hot and thirdly to the quantity of ten ounces of Vitriol calcined till it be white fourthly Antimony melted in a Crucible to half a pound fifthly Litharge or Ceruse heated in a Crucible half a pound white Precipitate once washed and no more one ounce and an half Brassburnt and finely Poudered half an ounce After the quenching of these mineralls let the water stand still in a Wine Cellar the space of ten daies Afterward Boyl it a little and strain it through an Hippocras Bag. In this Water being hot doubled cloathes must de dipt and frequently applied to the Gouty Part. Among Fomentations easie to make that is commended which is made of Salt Ammoniack seven times sublimed and fitly dissolved in Wine or Water or of the Urin of a young man in good health Boyled till half be consumed and laid on with Raggs Solenander Writes in his 24. Counsel Section the 4. That a certain Gouty old man was wont to make himself this Medicine When the swelling and Pain was great and the place red he took Salt the Urin of a Boy and Vinegar In these being mingled together he Wet a Linnen cloath and squeesed it and laid it on this he did divers times and so the Pain was much abated As we said before that Anodine or Pain-quelling Oyls did little good in the Gout