have_v no_o father_n and_o can_v not_o be_v warrant_v as_o lawful_a child_n either_o to_o nature_n or_o to_o reason_n by_o the_o appearance_n of_o a_o efficient_a cause_n they_o reduce_v they_o all_o to_o the_o power_n of_o fortune_n as_o the_o principal_a efficient_a and_o sovereign_a motor_n of_o all_o such_o unexpected_a event_n that_o be_v they_o make_v nothing_o else_o the_o governess_n and_o directress_n of_o many_o thing_n which_o afterward_o grow_v to_o such_o credit_n among_o man_n that_o it_o surpass_v in_o dignity_n all_o natural_a cause_n and_o be_v deify_v with_o celestial_a honour_n as_o the_o poet_n say_v te_fw-la nos_fw-la facimus_fw-la fortuna_fw-la deam_fw-la coeloque_fw-la locamus_fw-la by_o the_o providence_n of_o this_o blind_a goddess_n which_o hold_v her_o deity_n by_o the_o tenure_n of_o man_n ignorance_n be_v all_o causuall_a action_n direct_v and_o especial_o lot_n the_o event_n whereof_o depend_v only_o upon_o her_o pleasure_n and_o decree_n neither_o can_v 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thing_n with_o equal_a charge_n upon_o she_o two_o sovereign_a magistrate_n which_o can_v not_o be_v perform_v but_o by_o one_o of_o they_o what_o better_a mean_n can_v there_o be_v invent_v to_o interest_n the_o one_o in_o that_o office_n and_o to_o discharge_v the_o other_o then_o to_o appoint_v a_o arbiter_n who_o decree_n exceed_v humane_a reason_n of_o which_o it_o can_v not_o be_v say_v why_o it_o be_v so_o but_o that_o it_o be_v so_o for_o if_o the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o senate_n have_v be_v call_v to_o counsel_n or_o the_o voice_n of_o the_o people_n calculate_v to_o determine_v of_o the_o matter_n it_o may_v easy_o have_v burst_v out_o into_o civil_a discord_n consider_v the_o often_o contention_n between_o the_o senate_n and_o the_o people_n the_o faction_n of_o client_n and_o the_o constant_a mutability_n of_o every_o man_n private_a affection_n necessary_o incline_v unto_o one_o although_o their_o worth_n be_v equal_a and_o by_o true_a reason_n indiscernible_a which_o may_v have_v make_v the_o one_o proud_a of_o that_o which_o peradventure_o he_o have_v not_o and_o cast_v the_o other_o low_a than_o will_v have_v well_o beseem_v his_o virtue_n and_o therefore_o to_o cut_v off_o these_o with_o many_o other_o inconvenience_n they_o invent_v lot_n which_o without_o either_o reason_n or_o will_n may_v decide_v such_o controversy_n by_o this_o it_o appear_v how_o little_a the_o ancient_a lawmaker_n respect_v the_o ground_n and_o reason_n of_o a_o ordinance_n so_o the_o commodity_n be_v great_a and_o the_o use_v important_a to_o the_o good_a of_o the_o state_n for_o as_o they_o see_v the_o thing_n itself_o to_o be_v casual_a so_o they_o see_v that_o casual_a thing_n be_v sometime_o more_o necessary_a than_o demonstrative_a conclusion_n neither_o ought_v the_o nature_n and_o speculative_a consideration_n of_o law_n and_o statute_n to_o belong_v to_o the_o common_a people_n but_o the_o execution_n and_o obedience_n thereof_o make_v the_o commonwealth_n flourish_n and_o thus_o end_v the_o first_o commentary_n of_o caesar_n his_o war_n in_o gallia_n the_o second_o commentary_n of_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n the_o argument_n like_a as_o when_o a_o heavy_a body_n lie_v upon_o the_o skirt_n of_o a_o large_a continue_a quantity_n although_o it_o cover_v but_o a_o small_a parcel_n of_o the_o whole_a surface_n yet_o the_o other_o quarter_n be_v burden_a and_o keep_v under_o with_o a_o proportionable_a measure_n of_o that_o weight_n and_o through_o the_o union_n and_o continuation_n which_o bind_v all_o the_o part_n into_o one_o totality_n feel_v the_o same_o suppression_n which_o have_v real_o seize_v but_o upon_o their_o fellow_n part_n in_o like_a manner_n the_o belgae_n inhabit_v the_o further_a skirt_n of_o that_o triple_a continent_n seem_v to_o repine_v at_o that_o heavy_a burden_n which_o the_o roman_a empire_n have_v lay_v upon_o the_o province_n the_o hedui_n and_o other_o state_n of_o that_o kingdom_n and_o lest_o it_o may_v in_o time_n be_v further_o remove_v and_o lay_v direct_o upon_o their_o shoulder_n they_o think_v it_o expedient_a whilst_o they_o feel_v it_o but_o by_o participation_n to_o gather_v their_o several_a force_n into_o one_o head_n and_o try_v whether_o they_o can_v free_v their_o neighbour_n nation_n from_o so_o grievous_a a_o yoke_n or_o at_o the_o least_o keep_v it_o from_o come_v any_o near_a unto_o themselves_o and_o this_o be_v the_o argument_n of_o this_o second_o book_n which_o divide_v itself_o into_o two_o part_n the_o first_o contain_v the_o war_n between_o caesar_n &_o all_o the_o state_n of_o belgia_n unite_v together_o the_o second_o record_v the_o battle_n which_o he_o make_v with_o some_o of_o the_o state_n thereof_o in_o particular_a as_o time_n and_o occasion_n give_v he_o mean_n to_o effect_v it_o chap._n i._n caesar_n haste_v to_o his_o army_n march_v towards_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o belgae_n and_o take_v in_o the_o man_n of_o rheims_n while_o caesar_n be_v in_o his_o winter_n quarter_n in_o the_o hither_o gallia_n caesar_n there_o come_v every_o day_n fresh_a rumour_n to_o he_o the_o same_o thing_n be_v also_o certify_v by_o letter_n from_o labienus_n that_o all_o the_o belgae_n be_v a_o three_o part_n of_o gallia_n have_v league_v together_o against_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o have_v give_v mutual_a hostage_n one_o to_o another_o the_o ground_n of_o their_o confederacy_n be_v these_o first_o they_o be_v afraid_a that_o caesar_n have_v settle_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o gallia_n in_o quiet_a will_v bring_v his_o army_n upon_o they_o second_o they_o be_v solicit_v to_o do_v it_o by_o some_o of_o the_o gall_n such_o namely_o who_o as_o they_o do_v not_o desire_v the_o company_n of_o the_o germane_a long_o in_o gallia_n so_o they_o be_v very_o much_o trouble_v to_o think_v that_o the_o roman_a army_n shall_v winter_v and_o settle_v themselves_o there_o and_o such_o again_o as_o levity_n and_o inconstancy_n prompt_v to_o seek_v new_a
the_o enemy_n be_v aware_a with_o a_o ship-engine_n and_o roler_n put_v under_o it_o they_o bring_v it_o so_o near_o a_o tower_n of_o the_o enemy_n that_o it_o join_v to_o the_o wall_n thereof_o the_o townsman_n be_v upon_o a_o sudden_a appall_v thereat_o bring_v the_o great_a stone_n they_o can_v get_v and_o with_o lever_n tumble_v they_o down_o from_o the_o wall_n upon_o the_o mouse_n but_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o work_n dâ—d_v not_o shrink_v at_o the_o blow_n and_o whatsoever_o fall_v upon_o it_o slide_v down_o the_o slope_v of_o the_o roof_n which_o when_o they_o perceive_v they_o alter_v their_o purpose_n and_o get_v pot_n of_o rosin_n and_o pitch_n and_o set_v they_o on_o fire_n throw_v they_o dâ—wn_v upon_o the_o mouse_n which_o tumble_v down_o from_o the_o roof_n be_v remove_v away_o with_o long_a hook_n and_o pole_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o soldier_n that_o be_v within_o the_o mouse_n pull_v out_o the_o low_a stone_n that_o be_v in_o the_o foundation_n of_o the_o tower_n this_o mouse_n or_o mantelet_n be_v defend_v by_o our_o man_n out_o of_o the_o brick_n tower_n with_o weapon_n and_o engine_n and_o by_o mean_n thereof_o the_o enemy_n be_v put_v from_o the_o wall_n &_o the_o turret_n so_o that_o they_o can_v not_o well_o defend_v the_o same_o many_o of_o the_o stone_n be_v sap_a out_o of_o the_o foundation_n of_o the_o tower_n part_v thereof_o sudden_o fall_v and_o the_o rest_n lean_v as_o though_o it_o will_v not_o stand_v long_o after_o observation_n forasmuch_o as_o it_o require_v the_o labour_n of_o a_o industrious_a pen_n to_o shadow_n out_o the_o effect_n of_o industry_n i_o will_v only_o produce_v the_o evidence_n of_o these_o work_n to_o show_v the_o power_n it_o have_v in_o humane_a action_n rather_o than_o by_o any_o maim_a or_o shallow_a discourse_n weaken_v the_o force_n of_o so_o great_a a_o engine_n wherein_o first_o it_o may_v be_v note_v how_o in_o â—â—ese_n and_o the_o like_o attempt_v endeavour_n one_o thing_n draw_v on_o another_o according_a as_o practice_n make_v overture_n to_o mastery_n for_o our_o understanding_n grow_v by_o degree_n have_v no_o intuitive_a faculty_n to_o discern_v perfection_n dies_fw-la but_o by_o little_a &_o little_o work_v out_o exactness_n make_v every_o morrow_n yesterday_n scholar_n as_o reason_n find_v mean_n of_o discourse_n from_o cause_n to_o effect_n or_o from_o effect_n to_o cause_n and_o so_o this_o tower_n gellius_n make_v at_o first_o but_o for_o a_o retreat_n of_o defence_n give_v occasion_n to_o let_v they_o see_v the_o like_a or_o better_a use_n thereof_o in_o the_o offensive_a part_n if_o it_o be_v raise_v to_o a_o height_n convenient_a for_o the_o same_o which_o they_o perform_v with_o as_o much_o art_n as_o the_o wit_n of_o man_n can_v use_v in_o such_o a_o work_n for_o have_v make_v the_o first_o story_n they_o then_o make_v the_o roof_n for_o the_o shelter_n and_o safety_n of_o the_o soldier_n and_o scrue_v it_o up_o by_o little_a and_o little_a they_o build_v the_o side_n have_v fence_v the_o open_a space_n with_o net_n for_o avoid_v of_o danger_n arm_v it_o with_o brick_n and_o clay_n against_o fire_n and_o with_o matteress_n against_o stone_n and_o weight_n and_o then_o again_o they_o proceed_v to_o the_o make_n of_o that_o mantelet_n or_o musculum_n which_o give_v they_o passage_n to_o the_o wall_n build_v it_o with_o strong_a or_o rather_o strange_a timber_n of_o two_o footsquare_n frame_v so_o artificial_o with_o brace_n and_o ridge_n rafter_n and_o those_o so_o fit_v as_o neither_o fire_n water_n weapon_n nor_o weight_n can_v prevail_v against_o it_o and_o thus_o they_o labour_v to_o gain_v their_o own_o end_n and_o buy_v fortune_n with_o immeasurabe_n endeavour_n chap._n v._n the_o marseillian_o get_v a_o truce_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o break_v it_o deceitful_o the_o enemy_n be_v then_o much_o appall_v at_o the_o sudden_a ruin_n and_o fall_v of_o the_o tower_n câ—sar_n and_o great_o perplex_v at_o so_o unexpected_a a_o mischief_n and_o withal_o strike_v with_o a_o fear_n of_o the_o wrath_n and_o indignation_n of_o the_o god_n and_o of_o the_o sack_n and_o spoil_v of_o their_o city_n they_o come_v all_o unarmed_a thong_v out_o of_o the_o gate_n wear_v holy_a attire_n upon_o their_o head_n infulis_fw-la and_o stretch_v out_o their_o submissive_a hand_n to_o the_o legate_n and_o the_o army_n upon_o which_o novelty_n all_o hostility_n cease_v for_o the_o time_n and_o the_o soldier_n withdraw_a themselves_o from_o the_o assault_n be_v carry_v with_o a_o desire_n of_o hear_v and_o understand_v what_o will_v pass_v at_o that_o time_n when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o legate_n and_o to_o the_o army_n they_o cast_v themselves_o all_o down_o at_o their_o foot_n pray_v and_o beseech_v that_o thing_n may_v be_v suspend_v until_o casar_n arrival_n they_o see_v plain_o that_o their_o town_n be_v already_o take_v their_o work_n be_v perfect_v their_o own_o tower_n demolish_v and_o therefore_o they_o desist_v from_o make_v any_o further_a defence_n there_o can_v be_v no_o let_v to_o hinder_v they_o from_o present_a spoil_n and_o sack_n if_o upon_o caesar_n arrival_n they_o shall_v refuse_v to_o obey_v his_o mandate_n they_o show_v further_o that_o if_o their_o tower_n be_v absolute_o overthrow_v the_o soldier_n can_v not_o be_v keep_v from_o enter_v the_o town_n in_o hope_n of_o pillage_n and_o will_v thereby_o bring_v it_o to_o a_o final_a destruction_n these_o and_o many_o the_o like_a thing_n be_v utter_v by_o they_o very_o move_o as_o man_n learned_a and_o eloquent_a with_o great_a lamentation_n and_o much_o weep_a whereby_o the_o legate_n move_v with_o commiseration_n withdraw_v the_o soldier_n from_o the_o fortification_n put_v off_o the_o assault_n and_o leave_v a_o small_a guard_n to_o keep_v the_o work_n a_o kind_n of_o truce_n be_v through_o pity_n and_o commiseration_n thus_o make_v and_o conclude_v caesar_n come_n be_v expect_v no_o weapon_n be_v cast_v either_o from_o the_o town-wall_n or_o from_o our_o side_n insomuch_o as_o every_o man_n leave_v off_o his_o care_n and_o diligence_n as_o though_o all_o have_v be_v end_v for_o caesar_n have_v by_o letter_n give_v straight_o charge_n to_o trebonius_n not_o to_o suffer_v the_o town_n to_o be_v take_v by_o assault_n lest_o the_o soldier_n move_v through_o their_o rebellion_n and_o contempt_n together_o with_o the_o long_a travel_n they_o have_v sustain_v â—hould_v put_v all_o above_o fourteen_o year_n of_o age_n to_o the_o sword_n which_o they_o threaten_v to_o do_v and_o be_v then_o hardly_o keep_v from_o break_v into_o the_o town_n take_v the_o matter_n very_o grievous_o that_o trebonius_n seem_v to_o hinder_v they_o from_o effect_v their_o purpose_n but_o the_o enemy_n be_v people_n without_o faith_n do_v only_o watch_v for_o time_n and_o opportunity_n to_o put_v in_o practice_n their_o fraud_n and_o deceit_n the_o first_o observation_n it_o be_v a_o say_n of_o a_o ancient_a writer_n animum_fw-la that_o as_o our_o attire_n do_v cover_v the_o body_n so_o it_o do_v uncover_v the_o nakedness_n of_o the_o mind_n whereupon_o it_o be_v that_o man_n have_v find_v mean_n to_o suit_n themselves_o upon_o occasion_n according_a to_o the_o disposition_n of_o their_o inward_a affection_n as_o they_o be_v either_o dilate_v with_o joy_n or_o contract_v with_o sorrow_n lift_v up_o with_o weal_n or_o humble_v with_o affliction_n and_o according_o these_o marseillian_o in_o token_n of_o their_o humility_n and_o submission_n come_v out_o wearing_z a_o attire_n here_o call_v infula_fw-la aeneid_n which_o servius_n describe_v to_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o coif_n make_v after_o the_o form_n of_o a_o diadem_n with_o two_o pendant_n on_o each_o side_n call_v vittae_fw-la those_o which_o the_o roman_n use_v of_o this_o kind_n be_v fashion_v like_o a_o pyramid_n the_o point_n whereof_o do_v signify_v the_o air_n element_n ascend_v upward_o in_o such_o a_o point_a fashion_n and_o by_o the_o two_o pendant_n or_o band_n be_v denote_v the_o water_n and_o the_o earth_n they_o be_v make_v whole_o of_o wool_n as_o festus_n write_v infulae_fw-la sunt_fw-la filamenta_fw-la lanea_fw-la quibus_fw-la sacerdotes_fw-la hostâ—ae_fw-la &_o templa_fw-la velabantur_fw-la infulae_fw-la be_v certain_a ornament_n and_o tappet_n make_v of_o wool_n wherewith_o the_o priest_n use_v to_o be_v clad_v the_o sacrifice_n to_o be_v cover_v and_o the_o temple_n to_o be_v hang_v to_o show_v humbleness_n and_o simplicity_n whereof_o wool_n be_v a_o hieroglyphic_n for_o no_o kind_n of_o beast_n have_v more_o need_n of_o aid_n and_o succour_v then_o sheep_n and_o thereupon_o it_o be_v that_o all_o suppliants_n be_v attire_v with_o tress_n of_o wool_n or_o otherwise_o as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o that_o the_o habit_n of_o the_o petitioner_n may_v call_v to_o remembrance_n the_o flexible_a disposition_n which_o be_v well-beseeming_a those_o that_o
for_o the_o bad_a beginning_n be_v not_o the_o beginning_n of_o a_o good_a but_o of_o a_o evil_a end_n and_o therefore_o that_o his_o man_n may_v foresee_v a_o happy_a end_n in_o a_o good_a beginning_n it_o behove_v he_o with_o the_o best_a of_o his_o army_n to_o assault_v the_o weak_a part_n of_o the_o enemy_n the_o last_o form_n be_v call_v gibbosa_n or_o gibbera_fw-la acies_fw-la when_o the_o battle_n be_v advance_v and_o the_o two_o cornet_n lag_v behind_o this_o form_n do_v hannibal_n use_v in_o the_o battle_n of_o cannae_n but_o with_o this_o art_n that_o he_o strengthen_v his_o two_o cornet_n with_o the_o best_a of_o his_o soldier_n and_o place_v his_o weak_a in_o the_o midst_n that_o the_o roman_n follow_v the_o retreat_n of_o the_o battle_n which_o be_v easy_o repelld_v may_v be_v enclose_v on_o each_o side_n with_o the_o two_o cornet_n chap._n xx._n the_o battle_n between_o caesar_n and_o ariovistus_n the_o sign_n of_o the_o battle_n be_v thereupon_o give_v caesar_n our_o 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brother_n into_o gallia_n and_o marry_v there_o both_o these_o perish_v in_o that_o fight_n his_o two_o daughter_n likewise_o be_v there_o one_o be_v slay_v and_o the_o other_o take_v as_o caesar_n pursue_v the_o german_a horseman_n it_o be_v his_o chance_n to_o light_v upon_o valerius_n procillus_n as_o he_o be_v draw_v up_o and_o down_o by_o his_o keeper_n bind_v in_o three_o chain_n which_o accident_n be_v as_o grateful_a to_o he_o as_o the_o victory_n itself_o be_v so_o fortunate_a to_o recover_v his_o familiar_a friend_n and_o a_o man_n of_o sort_n in_o the_o province_n who_o the_o barbarous_a enemy_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n have_v cast_v into_o prison_n neither_o will_v fortune_n by_o the_o loss_n of_o he_o abate_v any_o thing_n of_o so_o great_a pleasure_n and_o contentment_n for_o he_o report_v that_o in_o his_o own_o presence_n they_o have_v three_o several_a time_n cast_v lot_n whether_o he_o shall_v be_v burn_v alive_a and_o that_o still_o he_o escape_v 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and_o compact_a imbattel_v rather_o than_o in_o any_o other_o respect_n and_o it_o resemble_v much_o a_o testudo_fw-la as_o i_o say_v of_o the_o helvetian_a phalanx_n second_o i_o observe_v that_o caesar_n keep_v the_o old_a rule_n concern_v their_o discipline_n in_o fight_n for_o although_o the_o name_n of_o triaries_n be_v not_o mention_v in_o his_o history_n yet_o he_o omit_v not_o the_o substance_n which_o be_v to_o have_v primam_fw-la secundam_fw-la &_o tertiam_fw-la aciem_fw-la and_o that_o prima_fw-la acies_fw-la shall_v begin_v the_o battle_n and_o the_o second_o shall_v come_v fresh_a and_o assist_v they_o or_o peradventure_o if_o the_o enemy_n be_v many_o and_o strong_a the_o first_o and_o second_o battle_n be_v join_v together_o and_o so_o charge_v upon_o the_o enemy_n with_o great_a fury_n and_o violence_n but_o at_o all_o adventure_n the_o three_o battle_n be_v ever_o in_o subsidio_fw-la as_o they_o term_v it_o to_o succour_v any_o part_n that_o shall_v be_v overcharge_v 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to_o the_o decree_n of_o destiny_n and_o as_o the_o god_n will_v have_v it_o it_o remain_v doubtful_a aristotle_n the_o wise_a of_o the_o heathen_a concern_v thing_n natural_a name_v that_o event_n casual_a or_o proceed_v from_o fortune_n of_o which_o the_o reason_n of_o man_n can_v assign_v no_o cause_n or_o as_o he_o say_v which_o have_v no_o cause_n so_o that_o whatsoever_o happen_v in_o any_o action_n beside_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o agent_n and_o workman_n be_v term_v a_o effect_n of_o fortune_n or_o chance_n of_o hab-nab_n for_o all_o other_o effect_n which_o depend_v upon_o a_o certainty_n and_o definite_a cause_n be_v necessary_o produce_v and_o therefore_o can_v not_o be_v casual_a or_o subject_n to_o the_o inconstancy_n of_o chance_n and_o because_o many_o and_o sundry_a such_o chance_n daily_o happen_v which_o like_o terrae_fw-la silij_fw-la
begin_v and_o end_v both_o in_o a_o summer_n the_o first_o between_z caesar_z and_o the_o helvetii_n suitzer_n the_o second_o between_o he_o and_o arâ—ovistus_n king_n of_o the_o german_n the_o history_n of_o the_o helvetian_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o three_o principal_a head_n under_o the_o first_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o move_v the_o helvetian_o to_o entertain_v so_o desperate_a a_o expedition_n and_o the_o preparation_n which_o they_o make_v for_o the_o same_o the_o second_o contain_v their_o defeat_n by_o caesar_n and_o the_o three_o their_o return_n into_o their_o country_n that_o of_o ariovistus_n divide_v itself_o into_o two_o part_n the_o first_o give_v the_o cause_n that_o induce_v caesar_n to_o undertake_v that_o war_n the_o second_o intreat_v of_o the_o war_n itself_o and_o particular_o describe_v ariovistus_n overthrow_n chap._n i._n gallia_n describe_v the_o helvetian_o dislike_v their_o native_a seat_n and_o propound_v to_o themselves_o large_a territory_n in_o the_o continent_n of_o gallia_n orgetorix_n see_v this_o humour_n for_o his_o own_o advantage_n gallia_n be_v all_o divide_v into_o three_o part_n whereof_o the_o belge_v do_v inhabit_v one_o the_o aquitane_n another_o and_o those_o which_o they_o call_v celtes_n and_o we_o gall_n a_o three_o all_o these_o do_v differ_v each_o from_o other_o in_o manner_n language_n and_o in_o law_n â—he_v river_n garun_n do_v separate_v the_o gall_n from_o the_o aquitan_n and_o marne_n and_o seine_n do_v bind_v they_o from_o the_o belge_v mâ—tronâ—_n of_o these_o the_o belge_v be_v most_o warlike_a sâ—quara_n as_o further_a off_o the_o civility_n and_o politure_n of_o the_o province_n and_o less_o frequent_v with_o merchant_n or_o acquaint_v with_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v by_o they_o import_v to_o effeminate_a man_n mind_n as_o likewise_o be_v site_v next_o to_o the_o german_n beyond_o the_o rhine_n with_o who_o they_o have_v continual_a war_n for_o which_o cause_n also_o the_o helvetian_o do_v excel_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o gall_n in_o deed_n of_o arm_n be_v in_o daily_a conflict_n with_o the_o german_n for_o defence_n of_o their_o own_o territory_n or_o by_o invade_v they_o the_o part_n inhabit_v by_o the_o gall_n begin_v at_o the_o river_n rhone_n and_o be_v bound_v with_o garun_n the_o ocean_n and_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o belge_v and_o reach_v also_o to_o the_o rhine_n as_o a_o limit_v from_o the_o sequans_n and_o helvetian_o it_o stretch_v northward_o the_o belge_v take_v their_o beginning_n at_o the_o extreme_a confine_n of_o gallia_n and_o inhabit_v the_o country_n which_o lie_v along_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o rhine_n trindle_v to_o the_o north_n and_o to_o the_o east_n aquitania_n spread_v itself_o between_o the_o river_n garun_n and_o the_o pyrenean_n hill_n and_o but_v upon_o the_o spanish_a ocean_n between_o the_o west_n and_o the_o north._n among_o the_o helvetian_o orgetorix_n do_v far_o exceed_v all_o other_o both_o for_o noble_a descent_n and_o store_n of_o treasure_n and_o when_o m._n messala_n and_o m._n piso_n be_v consul_n be_v stir_v up_o with_o the_o desire_n of_o a_o kingdom_n he_o move_v the_o nobility_n to_o a_o commotion_n persuade_v the_o state_n to_o go_v out_o of_o their_o confine_n with_o their_o whole_a power_n as_o a_o easy_a matter_n for_o they_o that_o excel_v all_o other_o in_o valour_n and_o prowess_n to_o seize_v upon_o the_o empire_n of_o all_o gallia_n to_o which_o he_o do_v the_o rather_o persuade_v they_o for_o that_o the_o helvetian_o be_v on_o every_o side_n shut_v up_o by_o the_o strength_n and_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n wherein_o they_o dwell_v on_o the_o one_o side_n with_o the_o depth_n and_o breadth_n of_o the_o river_n rhine_n which_o divide_v their_o country_n from_o the_o german_n on_o the_o other_o side_n with_o the_o high_a ridge_n of_o the_o hill_n jura_n which_o run_v between_o they_o and_o the_o sequans_n &_o on_o the_o three_o part_n they_o be_v flank_v with_o the_o lake_n â—_o lemanus_n and_o the_o river_n rhone_n part_v their_o territory_n from_o our_o province_n hence_o it_o happen_v that_o be_v thus_o straighten_v they_o can_v not_o easy_o enlarge_v themselves_o or_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o border_a country_n and_o thereupon_o be_v man_n whole_o bend_v to_o arm_n and_o war_n be_v much_o grieve_v as_o have_v too_o little_a elbow-room_n for_o their_o multitude_n of_o people_n and_o the_o renown_n they_o have_v get_v of_o their_o valour_n their_o whole_a country_n contain_v but_o 240_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o 180_o in_o breadth_n spur_v on_o with_o these_o inducement_n and_o move_v special_o with_o the_o authority_n of_o orgetorix_n they_o resolve_v to_o make_v provision_n of_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v requisite_a for_o their_o expedition_n buy_v great_a number_n of_o car_n &_o horse_n for_o carriage_n sow_v much_o tillage_n that_o they_o may_v have_v plenty_n of_o corn_n in_o their_o journey_n make_v peace_n and_o amity_n with_o the_o confine_a country_n 〈◊〉_d for_o the_o perfect_a and_o supply_v of_o which_o thing_n they_o take_v two_o year_n to_o be_v sufficient_a and_o in_o the_o three_o enact_v their_o set_n forward_o by_o a_o solemn_a law_n assign_v orgetorix_n to_o give_v order_n for_o that_o which_o remain_v the_o first_o observation_n he_o that_o will_v examine_v this_o expedition_n of_o the_o helvetian_o by_o the_o transmigration_n and_o flitting_n of_o other_o nation_n shall_v find_v some_o unexampled_a particularity_n in_o the_o course_n of_o their_o proceed_n for_o first_o it_o have_v never_o be_v hear_v that_o any_o people_n utter_o abandon_v that_o country_n which_o nature_n or_o providence_n have_v allot_v they_o unless_o they_o be_v drive_v thereunto_o by_o a_o general_a calamity_n as_o the_o infection_n of_o the_o air_n the_o cruelty_n and_o oppression_n of_o a_o neighbour_n nation_n as_o be_v the_o suevian_o who_o think_v it_o great_a honour_n to_o suffer_v no_o man_n to_o border_n upon_o their_o confine_n or_o some_o other_o universal_a which_o make_v the_o place_n inhabitable_a and_o the_o people_n willing_a to_o undertake_v a_o voluntary_a exile_n but_o oftentimes_o we_o read_v that_o when_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o a_o country_n be_v so_o multiply_v that_o the_o place_n be_v overcharge_v with_o multitude_n of_o offspring_n and_o like_o a_o poor_a father_n have_v more_o child_n than_o it_o be_v able_a to_o sustain_v the_o abound_a surplus_n be_v send_v out_o to_o seek_v new_a fortune_n in_o foreign_a country_n and_o to_o possess_v themselves_o of_o a_o rest_a seat_n which_o may_v recompense_v the_o want_n of_o their_o native_a country_n with_o a_o plenteous_a revenue_n of_o necessary_a supplement_n and_o in_o this_o sort_n we_o read_v that_o rome_n send_v out_o many_o colony_n into_o divers_a part_n of_o her_o empire_n and_o in_o this_o manner_n the_o ancient_a gall_n disourden_v themselves_o of_o their_o superfluity_n and_o send_v they_o into_o asia_n the_o goth_n come_v from_o the_o island_n of_o the_o baltic_a sea_n and_o in_o silvius_n his_o time_n swarm_v over_o germany_n beside_o many_o other_o nation_n who_o transmigration_n be_v particular_o describe_v by_o lazius_n but_o among_o all_o these_o we_o find_v none_o that_o so_o forsake_v their_o country_n but_o there_o remain_v some_o behind_o to_o inhabit_v the_o same_o from_o whence_o as_o from_o a_o fountain_n succeed_a age_n may_v derive_v the_o stream_n of_o that_o overflow_a multitude_n and_o by_o they_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o cause_n which_o move_v they_o unto_o it_o for_o their_o manner_n be_v in_o all_o such_o expedition_n and_o send_v out_o of_o colony_n to_o divide_v themselves_o into_o two_o or_o three_o part_n equal_a both_o in_o equality_n and_o number_n for_o after_o they_o have_v part_v their_o common_a people_n into_o even_a company_n they_o divide_v their_o nobility_n with_o as_o great_a equality_n as_o they_o can_v among_o the_o former_a partition_n and_o then_o cast_v lot_n that_o part_n which_o go_v out_o to_o seek_v new_a adventure_n leave_v their_o land_n and_o possession_n to_o the_o rest_n that_o remain_v at_o home_n and_o so_o by_o industry_n they_o supply_v that_o defect_n which_o continuance_n of_o time_n have_v draw_v upon_o they_o and_o this_o be_v the_o mean_n which_o the_o first_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o earth_n find_v out_o after_o the_o flood_n to_o people_n the_o uninhabited_a place_n and_o to_o keep_v oft_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o scarcity_n and_o famine_n the_o second_o observation_n he_o that_o will_v prognosticate_v by_o the_o course_n of_o these_o several_a proceed_n whether_o of_o the_o two_o betoken_v better_a success_n have_v great_a reason_n to_o foretell_v happiness_n to_o these_o which_o i_o last_o speak_v of_o then_o to_o the_o helvetian_o unless_o their_o valour_n be_v the_o great_a and_o quit_v all_o difficulty_n which_o hatred_n and_o envy_n will_v cast_v upon_o they_o for_o a_o action_n which_o savour_v of_o necessity_n
do_v the_o rather_o in_o regard_n of_o his_o singular_a integrity_n and_o his_o perfectness_n in_o the_o french_a tongue_n which_o ariovistus_n through_o long_a continuance_n have_v learn_v and_o that_o the_o german_n have_v no_o cause_n of_o offence_n against_o he_o and_o with_o he_o he_o send_v m._n titius_n that_o be_v familiar_o acquaint_v with_o ariovistus_n with_o instruction_n to_o hear_v what_o be_v say_v and_o to_o make_v report_n thereof_o to_o caesar_n who_o as_o soon_o as_o ariovistus_n see_v come_v into_o his_o camp_n he_o cry_v out_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o his_o army_n demand_v wherefore_o they_o come_v thither_o and_o whether_o they_o be_v not_o send_v as_o spy_n and_o as_o they_o be_v about_o to_o make_v answer_n he_o cut_v they_o off_o and_o command_v they_o to_o be_v put_v in_o iron_n the_o same_o day_n he_o remove_v his_o camp_n and_o lodge_v himself_o under_o a_o hill_n six_o mile_n from_o caesar_n the_o next_o day_n he_o bring_v his_o force_n along_o by_o caesar_n camp_n and_o encamp_v himself_o two_o mile_n beyond_o he_o of_o purpose_n to_o cut_v off_o all_o such_o corn_n and_o convoy_n as_o shall_v be_v send_v to_o the_o roman_n by_o the_o heduan_o and_o sequans_n from_o that_o day_n forward_o by_o the_o space_n of_o five_o day_n together_o caesar_n imbattel_v his_o man_n before_o his_o camp_n to_o the_o intent_n that_o if_o ariovistus_n have_v a_o mind_n to_o give_v battle_n he_o may_v do_v it_o when_o he_o will_v but_o ariovistus_n all_o this_o while_n keep_v his_o army_n within_o his_o camp_n and_o daily_o send_v out_o his_o horseman_n to_o skirmish_v with_o the_o roman_n this_o be_v the_o manner_n of_o fight_v which_o the_o german_n have_v practise_v there_o be_v 6000_o horseman_n and_o as_o many_o strong_a and_o nimble_a footman_n who_o the_o horseman_n have_v select_v out_o of_o the_o whole_a host_n every_o man_n one_o for_o his_o safeguard_n these_o they_o have_v always_o at_o hand_n with_o they_o in_o battle_n and_o unto_o these_o they_o resort_v for_o succour_v if_o the_o horseman_n be_v overcharge_v these_o ever_o step_v in_o to_o help_v they_o if_o any_o one_o be_v wound_v or_o unhorse_v they_o come_v about_o he_o and_o succour_v he_o if_o the_o matter_n require_v either_o to_o adventure_v forward_o or_o to_o retire_v speedy_o back_o again_o their_o swiftness_n be_v such_o through_o continual_a exercise_n that_o hang_v on_o the_o horse-mane_n by_o the_o one_o hand_n they_o will_v run_v as_o fast_o as_o the_o horse_n observation_n it_o may_v seem_v strange_a unto_o the_o soldier_n of_o our_o time_n horseman_n that_o the_o footman_n shall_v be_v mingle_v pell-mell_o among_o the_o horseman_n without_o hurt_n and_o disadvantage_n to_o themselves_o so_o unlikely_a it_o be_v that_o they_o shall_v either_o succour_v the_o horseman_n in_o any_o danger_n or_o annoy_v the_o enemy_n and_o therefore_o some_o have_v imagine_v that_o these_o footman_n in_o the_o encounter_n cast_v themselves_o into_o one_o body_n and_o so_o charge_v the_o enemy_n assist_v the_o horseman_n but_o the_o circumstance_n of_o this_o place_n &_o of_o other_o which_o i_o will_v allege_v 〈◊〉_d purpose_n plain_o evince_v that_o these_o footman_n be_v mingle_v indifferent_o among_o the_o â—orsemen_n to_o assist_v every_o particular_a man_n as_o his_o 〈◊〉_d and_o occasion_n require_v and_o therefore_o the_o choice_n of_o these_o footman_n be_v permit_v to_o the_o horseman_n in_o who_o service_n they_o be_v to_o be_v employ_v that_o every_o man_n may_v take_v his_o friend_n in_o who_o he_o repose_v great_a confidence_n when_o they_o be_v overcharge_v these_o step_v in_o to_o help_v they_o if_o any_o man_n be_v wound_v or_o unhorse_v he_o have_v his_o footman_n ready_a to_o assist_v he_o and_o when_o they_o be_v to_o go_v upon_o any_o speedy_a service_n or_o sudden_o to_o retire_v upon_o advantage_n they_o stay_v themselves_o upon_o the_o mane_n of_o the_o horse_n with_o one_o hand_n and_o so_o run_v as_o fast_o as_o the_o horseman_n can_v go_v which_o service_n they_o can_v not_o possible_o have_v perform_v without_o confusion_n and_o disorder_n if_o the_o footman_n have_v not_o several_o attend_v upon_o they_o according_a to_o the_o affection_n specify_v in_o their_o particular_a election_n the_o principal_a use_n of_o these_o footman_n of_o the_o german_n consist_v in_o the_o aid_n of_o their_o own_o horseman_n upon_o any_o necessity_n not_o so_o much_o regard_v their_o service_n upon_o the_o enemy_n as_o the_o assistance_n of_o their_o horseman_n but_o the_o roman_n have_v long_o before_o practise_v the_o same_o art_n to_o a_o more_o effectual_a purpose_n namely_o as_o a_o principal_a remedy_n not_o only_o to_o resist_v but_o to_o defeat_v far_o great_a troop_n of_o horse_n than_o the_o enemy_n be_v able_a to_o oppose_v against_o they_o whereof_o the_o most_o ancient_a memory_n which_o history_n mention_v be_v record_v by_o livy_n in_o the_o second_o punic_a war_n at_o the_o siege_n of_o capua_n under_o the_o regiment_n of_o quintus_n fulvius_n the_o consul_n where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o in_o all_o their_o conflict_n as_o the_o roman_a legion_n return_v with_o the_o better_a so_o their_o cavalry_n be_v always_o put_v to_o the_o worst_a and_o therefore_o they_o invent_v this_o mean_n to_o make_v that_o good_a by_o art_n which_o be_v want_v in_o force_n out_o of_o the_o whole_a army_n be_v take_v the_o choice_a young_a man_n both_o for_o strength_n and_o agility_n and_o to_o they_o be_v give_v little_a round_a buckler_n and_o seven_o dart_n apiece_o in_o stead_n of_o their_o other_o weapon_n these_o soldier_n practise_v to_o ride_v behind_o the_o horseman_n and_o speedy_o to_o light_v from_o the_o horse_n at_o a_o watchword_n give_v and_o so_o to_o charge_v the_o enemy_n on_o foot_n and_o when_o by_o exercise_n they_o be_v make_v so_o expert_a that_o the_o novelty_n of_o the_o invention_n no_o whit_n affright_v they_o the_o roman_a horseman_n go_v forth_o to_o encounter_v with_o the_o enemy_n every_o man_n carry_v his_o foot-souldier_n behind_o he_o who_o at_o the_o encounter_n sudden_o alight_v charge_v upon_o the_o enemy_n with_o such_o a_o fury_n that_o they_o follow_v they_o in_o slaughter_n to_o the_o gate_n of_o capua_n and_o hence_o say_v livy_n grow_v the_o first_o institution_n of_o the_o velite_n which_o ever_o after_o that_o time_n be_v enrol_v with_o the_o legion_n the_o author_n of_o this_o stratagem_n be_v say_v to_o be_v one_o q._n navius_n a_o centurion_n and_o be_v honourable_o reward_v by_o fulvius_n the_o consul_n for_o the_o same_o sallust_n in_o the_o history_n of_o jugurth_n say_v that_o marius_n mingle_v the_o velite_n with_o the_o cavalry_n of_o the_o associate_n ut_fw-la quacunque_fw-la invaderent_fw-la equitatus_fw-la hostium_fw-la propulsarent_fw-la the_o like_a practice_n be_v use_v by_o caesar_n as_o appear_z in_o the_o three_o book_n of_o the_o civil_a war_n save_v that_o in_o stead_n of_o the_o velite_n he_o mingle_v with_o his_o horseman_n four_o hundred_o of_o the_o lusty_a of_o his_o legionary_a soldier_n to_o resist_v the_o cavalry_n of_o pompey_n while_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o army_n pass_v over_o the_o river_n genusum_n after_o the_o overthrow_n he_o have_v at_o dyrrachium_fw-la qui_fw-la tantum_fw-la profecere_fw-la say_v the_o text_n ut_fw-la equestri_fw-la praelio_fw-la commisso_fw-la pellerent_fw-la omnes_fw-la complures_fw-la interficerent_fw-la ipsique_fw-la incolumes_fw-la ad_fw-la agmen_fw-la se_fw-la reciperent_fw-la many_o other_o place_n may_v be_v recite_v but_o these_o be_v sufficient_a to_o prove_v that_o the_o great_a captain_n of_o ancient_a time_n strengthen_v their_o cavalry_n with_o footman_n disperse_v among_o they_o the_o roman_a horseman_n 6._o say_v polybius_n at_o the_o first_o carry_v but_o a_o weak_a limber_a pole_n or_o staff_n and_o a_o little_a round_a buckler_n but_o afterward_o they_o use_v the_o furniture_n of_o the_o grecian_n exâ—id_n which_o josephus_n affirm_v to_o be_v a_o strong_a lance_n or_o staff_n and_o three_o or_o four_o dart_n in_o a_o quiver_n with_o a_o buckler_n and_o a_o long_a sword_n by_o their_o right_a side_n the_o use_n of_o their_o lance_n be_v most_o effectual_a when_o they_o charge_v in_o troup_n pouldron_n to_o pouldron_n and_o that_o manner_n of_o fight_n afford_v no_o mean_n to_o intermingle_v footman_n but_o when_o they_o use_v their_o dart_n every_o man_n get_v what_o advantage_n of_o ground_n he_o can_v as_o our_o carbine_n for_o the_o most_o part_n do_v and_o so_o the_o footman_n may_v have_v place_n among_o they_o or_o otherwise_o for_o so_o good_a a_o advantage_n they_o will_v easy_o make_v place_n for_o the_o footman_n to_o serve_v among_o they_o but_o howsoever_o it_o be_v it_o appear_v by_o this_o circumstance_n how_o little_a the_o roman_n fear_v troop_n of_o horse_n consider_v that_o the_o best_a mean_n to_o defeat_v their_o horse_n be_v by_o their_o foot_n company_n but_o
suffice_v the_o front_n of_o his_o battle_n and_o have_v both_o the_o side_n of_o the_o hill_n so_o steep_a that_o the_o enemy_n can_v not_o ascend_v nor_o climb_v up_o but_o to_o their_o own_o overthrow_n he_o make_v the_o backpart_n of_o the_o hill_n strong_a by_o art_n and_o so_o place_v his_o soldier_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o gate_n of_o a_o fortress_n where_o they_o may_v either_o issue_n out_o or_o retire_v at_o their_o pleasure_n whereby_o it_o appear_v how_o much_o he_o prefer_v security_n and_o safety_n before_o the_o vain_a opinion_n of_o foolhardy_a resolution_n which_o savour_v of_o barbarism_n rather_o than_o of_o true_a wisdom_n for_o he_o ever_o think_v it_o great_a gain_n to_o loose_v nothing_o and_o the_o day_n bring_v always_o good_a fortune_n that_o deliver_v up_o the_o army_n safe_a unto_o the_o evening_n attend_v until_o advantage_n have_v lay_v sure_a principle_n of_o victory_n and_o yet_o caesar_n be_v never_o think_v a_o coward_n and_o now_o it_o appear_v what_o use_n he_o make_v by_o pass_v his_o army_n over_o the_o river_n and_o attend_v the_o enemy_n on_o the_o further_a side_n rather_o than_o on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o state_n of_o rheims_n for_o by_o that_o mean_v he_o bring_v to_o pass_v that_o whatsoever_o the_o enemy_n shall_v attempt_v in_o any_o part_n or_o quarter_n of_o the_o land_n his_o force_n be_v ready_a to_o trouble_v their_o proceed_n as_o it_o happen_v in_o their_o attempt_n of_o bibrax_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o he_o lose_v not_o the_o opportunity_n of_o make_v slaughter_n of_o they_o as_o they_o pass_v over_o the_o river_n for_o by_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o bridge_n which_o he_o have_v fortify_v he_o transport_v what_o force_n he_o will_v to_o make_v head_n against_o they_o as_o they_o pass_v over_o and_o so_o he_o take_v what_o advantage_n either_o side_n of_o the_o river_n can_v afford_v he_o the_o second_o observation_n and_o here_o the_o reader_n may_v not_o marvel_n if_o when_o the_o hill_n be_v in_o labour_n they_o bring_v forth_o but_o a_o mouse_n for_o how_o soon_o be_v the_o courage_n of_o this_o huge_a army_n abate_v or_o what_o do_v it_o attempt_v worthy_a such_o a_o multitude_n or_o answerable_a to_o the_o report_n which_o be_v bruit_v of_o their_o valour_n but_o be_v hasty_o carry_v together_o by_o the_o violence_n of_o passion_n be_v as_o quick_o disperse_v upon_o the_o sight_n of_o a_o enemy_n which_o be_v no_o strange_a effect_n of_o a_o sudden_a humour_n for_o as_o in_o nature_n all_o violent_a motion_n be_v of_o short_a continuance_n and_o the_o durability_n or_o last_a quality_n of_o all_o action_n proceed_v from_o a_o slow_a and_o temperate_a progression_n so_o the_o resolution_n of_o the_o mind_n that_o be_v carry_v with_o a_o untemperate_a violence_n and_o savour_v so_o much_o of_o heat_n and_o passion_n do_v vanish_v away_o even_o with_o the_o smoke_n thereof_o and_o bring_v forth_o nothing_o but_o leasurable_a repentance_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v no_o ill_a counsel_n for_o man_n of_o such_o nature_n to_o qualify_v their_o hasty_a resolution_n with_o a_o mistrustful_a linger_a that_o when_o their_o judgement_n be_v well_o inform_v of_o the_o cause_n they_o may_v proceed_v to_o a_o speedy_a execution_n but_o that_o which_o most_o bewray_v their_o indiscreet_a intemperance_n in_o the_o hot_a pursuit_n of_o this_o enterprise_n be_v that_o before_o they_o have_v scarce_o see_v the_o enemy_n or_o have_v opportunity_n to_o contest_v he_o in_o open_a field_n their_o victual_n begin_v to_o fail_v they_o for_o their_o mind_n be_v so_o carry_v away_o with_o the_o conceit_n of_o war_n that_o they_o have_v no_o leisure_n to_o provide_v such_o necessary_n as_o be_v the_o strength_n and_o sinew_n of_o the_o war_n it_o be_v sufficient_a for_o every_o particular_a man_n to_o be_v know_v for_o a_o soldier_n in_o so_o honourable_a a_o action_n refer_v other_o matter_n to_o the_o care_n of_o the_o state_n the_o state_n in_o like_a manner_n think_v it_o enough_o to_o furnish_v out_o forty_o or_o fifty_o thousand_o man_n apiece_o to_o discharge_v their_o oath_n and_o to_o save_v their_o hostage_n commit_v other_o requisite_n to_o the_o general_a care_n of_o the_o confederacy_n which_o be_v direct_v by_o as_o unskilful_a governor_n never_o look_v further_a than_o the_o present_a multitude_n which_o seem_v sufficient_a to_o overthrow_v the_o roman_a empire_n and_o thus_o each_o man_n rely_v upon_o another_o care_n and_o satisfy_v himself_o with_o the_o present_a garb_n so_o many_o man_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o quality_n so_o many_o helmet_n and_o plume_a crest_n such_o strife_n and_o emulation_n what_o state_n shall_v seem_v in_o great_a forwardness_n be_v motive_n sufficient_a to_o induce_v every_o man_n to_o go_v without_o further_a inquiry_n how_o they_o shall_v go_v and_o herein_o the_o care_n of_o a_o general_n ought_v especial_o to_o be_v see_v consider_v the_o weakness_n of_o particular_a judgement_n that_o have_v the_o life_n of_o so_o many_o man_n depend_v altogether_o upon_o his_o providence_n and_o engage_v in_o the_o defence_n of_o their_o state_n and_o country_n he_o do_v not_o fail_v in_o these_o main_a point_n of_o discipline_n which_o be_v the_o pillar_n of_o all_o warlike_a design_n to_o conclude_v this_o point_n let_v we_o learn_v by_o their_o error_n so_o to_o carry_v a_o matter_n especial_o of_o that_o consequence_n that_o we_o make_v it_o not_o much_o worse_a by_o ill_o handle_v it_o than_o it_o be_v before_o we_o first_o take_v it_o to_o our_o charge_n as_o it_o here_o happen_v to_o the_o belgae_n for_o their_o tumultuous_a arm_n sort_v to_o no_o other_o end_n then_o to_o give_v caesar_n just_a occasion_n to_o make_v war_n upon_o they_o with_o such_o assurance_n of_o victory_n that_o he_o make_v small_a account_n of_o that_o which_o be_v to_o follow_v in_o regard_n of_o that_o which_o have_v already_o happen_v consider_v that_o he_o shall_v not_o in_o all_o likelihood_n meet_v with_o the_o like_a strength_n again_o in_o the_o continuance_n of_o that_o war_n and_o this_o be_v not_o only_a gravius_fw-la bellum_fw-la successori_fw-la tradere_fw-la to_o leave_v a_o more_o considerable_a war_n unto_o his_o successor_n as_o it_o often_o fall_v out_o in_o the_o course_n of_o a_o long_a continue_a war_n but_o to_o draw_v a_o dangerous_a war_n upon_o their_o head_n that_o otherwise_o may_v have_v live_v in_o peace_n chap._n vi_o the_o belgae_n break_v up_o their_o camp_n and_o as_o they_o return_v home_o be_v chase_v and_o slaughter_a by_o the_o roman_n this_o general_a resolution_n be_v entertain_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o whole_a council_n of_o war_n caesar_n in_o the_o second_o watch_n they_o depart_v out_o of_o their_o camp_n with_o a_o great_a noise_n and_o tumult_n without_o any_o order_n as_o it_o seem_v or_o government_n every_o man_n press_v to_o be_v foremost_a on_o his_o journey_n and_o to_o be_v first_o at_o home_n in_o such_o a_o turbulent_a manner_n that_o they_o seem_v all_o to_o run_v away_o whereof_o caesar_n have_v notice_n by_o his_o spy_n and_o mistrust_v some_o practice_n not_o as_o yet_o perceive_v the_o reason_n of_o their_o departure_n he_o keep_v his_o army_n within_o his_o camp_n in_o the_o dawn_n of_o the_o day_n upon_o certain_a intelligence_n of_o their_o departure_n he_o send_v first_o his_o horseman_n under_o q._n pedius_n and_o l._n aurunculcius_fw-la cotta_n two_o legate_n to_o stay_v the_o rearward_n command_v labienus_n to_o follow_v after_o with_o three_o legion_n these_o overtake_v the_o belgae_n and_o chase_v they_o many_o mile_n slay_v a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o and_o while_o the_o rearward_n staâ—ed_v and_o valiant_o receive_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o roman_n the_o vanguard_n be_v out_o of_o danger_n and_o under_o no_o government_n assoon_o as_o they_o head_n the_o alarm_n behind_o they_o break_v out_o of_o their_o rank_n and_o betake_v themselves_o to_o flight_n and_o so_o the_o roman_n slay_v they_o as_o long_o as_o the_o sun_n give_v they_o light_n to_o pursue_v they_o and_o then_o sound_v a_o retreat_n they_o return_v to_o their_o camp_n observation_n it_o have_v be_v a_o old_a rule_n among_o soldier_n that_o a_o great_a and_o negligent_a error_n commit_v by_o a_o enemy_n be_v to_o be_v suspect_v as_o a_o pretence_n to_o treachery_n we_o read_v of_o fulvius_n a_o legate_n in_o the_o roman_a army_n lie_v in_o tuscâ—nie_n the_o consul_n be_v go_v to_o rome_n to_o perform_v some_o public_a duty_n the_o tuscan_n take_v occasion_n by_o his_o absence_n to_o try_v whether_o they_o can_v draw_v the_o roman_n into_o any_o inconvenience_n and_o place_v a_o ambuscado_n near_o unto_o their_o camp_n send_v certain_a soldier_n attire_v like_o shepherd_n with_o drove_n of_o cattle_n to_o pass_v in_o view_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n who_o handle_v the_o matter_n so_o that_o they_o
conqueror_n nor_o any_o hope_n of_o safety_n to_o the_o conquer_a by_o the_o consent_n of_o all_o that_o remain_v alive_a send_v ambassador_n to_o caesar_n and_o yield_v themselves_o to_o his_o mercy_n and_o in_o lay_v open_a the_o misery_n of_o their_o state_n affirm_v that_o of_o six_o hundred_o senator_n they_o have_v now_o leave_v but_o three_o and_o of_o sixty_o thousand_o fight_a man_n there_o be_v scarce_o five_o hundred_o that_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v arm_n caesar_n that_o his_o clemency_n may_v appear_v to_o a_o distress_a people_n preserve_v they_o with_o great_a care_n grant_v unto_o they_o the_o free_a possession_n of_o their_o town_n and_o country_n and_o straight_o command_v their_o borderer_n not_o to_o offer_v they_o any_o wrong_n or_o injury_n at_o all_o observation_n and_o thus_o end_v the_o relation_n of_o that_o great_a and_o dangerous_a battle_n cae._n which_o ramus_n complain_v of_o as_o a_o confuse_a narration_n much_o differ_v from_o the_o direct_a and_o methodical_a file_n of_o his_o other_o commentary_n but_o if_o that_o rule_n hold_v good_a which_o learned_a rhetorician_n have_v observe_v in_o their_o oratory_n that_o a_o unperfect_a thing_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v tell_v in_o a_o perfect_a manner_n then_o by_o ramus_n leave_v if_o any_o such_o confusion_n do_v appear_v it_o both_o savour_v of_o eloquence_n and_o well_o suit_v the_o turbulent_a carriage_n of_o the_o action_n wherein_o order_n and_o skill_n give_v place_n to_o fortune_n and_o providence_n be_v swallow_v up_o with_o peradventure_o for_o that_o which_o hâ—rtius_n say_v of_o the_o overthrow_n he_o give_v to_o pharnaces_n may_v as_o well_o be_v say_v of_o this_o that_o he_o get_v the_o victory_n plurimum_fw-la adjuvante_fw-la deorum_fw-la benignitate_fw-la qui_fw-la cum_fw-la omnibus_fw-la belli_fw-la casibus_fw-la intersunt_fw-la tum_fw-la praecipue_fw-la iis_fw-la quibus_fw-la nihil_fw-la ratione_fw-la potuit_fw-la administrari_fw-la by_o the_o very_a great_a favour_n and_o assistance_n of_o the_o god_n who_o as_o they_o give_v aid_n in_o all_o case_n of_o war_n so_o especial_o in_o those_o where_o reason_n and_o good_a skill_n be_v at_o a_o loss_n for_o so_o it_o fall_v out_o in_o this_o battle_n and_o the_o danger_n proceed_v from_o the_o same_o cause_n that_o bring_v he_o to_o that_o push_n in_o the_o battle_n with_o pharnaces_n for_o he_o well_o understand_v that_o the_o nervii_n attend_v his_o come_n on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o river_n sabis_n neither_o be_v he_o ignorant_a how_o to_o fortify_v his_o camp_n in_o the_o face_n of_o a_o enemy_n without_o fear_n or_o danger_n as_o we_o have_v see_v in_o his_o war_n with_o ariovistus_n when_o he_o march_v to_o the_o place_n where_o he_o purpose_v to_o incamp_v himself_o with_o three_o battle_n and_o cause_v two_o of_o they_o to_o stand_v ready_a in_o arm_n to_o receive_v any_o charge_n which_o the_o enemy_n shall_v offer_v to_o give_v that_o the_o three_o battle_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n may_v fortify_v the_o camp_n which_o course_n will_v easy_o have_v frustrate_v this_o stratagem_n of_o the_o nervii_n and_o make_v the_o hazard_n less_o dangerous_a but_o he_o little_o expect_v any_o such_o resolution_n so_o contrary_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o military_a discipline_n that_o a_o enemy_n shall_v not_o stick_v to_o pass_v over_o so_o broad_a a_o river_n to_o climb_v up_o such_o steep_a and_o high_a rock_n to_o adventure_v battle_n in_o a_o place_n so_o disadvantageous_a and_o to_o hazard_v their_o fortune_n upon_o such_o inequality_n and_o therefore_o he_o little_o mistrust_v any_o such_o unlikely_a attempt_n wherein_o the_o enemy_n have_v plot_v his_o own_o overthrow_n if_o the_o legion_n have_v be_v ready_a to_o receive_v they_o which_o may_v teach_v a_o general_n that_o which_o caesar_n have_v not_o yet_o learned_a that_o a_o leader_n can_v be_v too_o secure_a in_o his_o most_o assure_a course_n nor_o too_o careful_a in_o his_o best_a advise_a direction_n consider_v that_o the_o great_a mean_n may_v easy_o be_v prevent_v and_o the_o safe_a course_n weaken_v with_o a_o unrespected_a circumstance_n so_o powerful_a be_v weak_a occurrence_n in_o the_o main_a course_n of_o the_o weighty_a action_n and_o so_o infinite_a be_v the_o way_n whereby_o either_o wisdom_n or_o fortune_n may_v work_v neither_o do_v this_o warm_a he_o to_o provide_v for_o that_o which_o a_o enemy_n may_v do_v how_o unlikely_a soever_o it_o may_v seem_v unto_o he_o as_o appear_z by_o that_o accident_n in_o the_o battle_n with_o pharnaces_n which_o practice_n of_o attempt_v a_o thing_n against_o reason_n and_o the_o art_n of_o war_n have_v find_v good_a success_n in_o our_o modern_a war_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o french_a history_n notwithstanding_o it_o be_v to_o be_v handle_v spare_o as_o no_o way_n favour_v of_o circumspect_a and_o good_a direction_n forasmuch_o as_o temeritas_fw-la non_fw-la semper_fw-la felix_fw-la rashness_n do_v not_o always_o speed_v well_o as_o fabius_n the_o great_a answer_v scipio_n the_o chief_a help_n which_o the_o roman_n find_v be_v first_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o place_n whereof_o i_o speak_v in_o the_o helvetian_a war_n second_o the_o experience_n which_o the_o soldier_n have_v get_v in_o the_o former_a battle_n which_o much_o direct_v they_o in_o this_o turbulent_a assault_n wherein_o they_o carry_v themselves_o as_o man_n acquaint_v with_o such_o casualty_n last_o the_o valour_n and_o undaunted_a judgement_n of_o the_o general_n which_o oversway_v the_o peril_n of_o the_o battle_n and_o bring_v it_o to_o so_o fortunate_a a_o end_n wherein_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o as_o in_o a_o temperate_a course_n when_o the_o issue_n of_o the_o battle_n rest_v upon_o his_o direction_n he_o whole_o intent_a wariness_n and_o circumspection_n so_o in_o the_o hazard_n and_o peril_n of_o good_a hap_n he_o confront_v extremity_n of_o danger_n with_o extremity_n of_o valour_n and_o overtopped_a fury_n with_o a_o high_a resolution_n chap._n xii_o the_o aduatici_n betake_v themselves_o to_o a_o strong_a hold_n and_o be_v take_v by_o caesar_n the_o brabant_n aduatici_n beforementioned_a come_v with_o all_o their_o power_n to_o aid_v the_o nervii_n caesar_n and_o understanding_n by_o the_o way_n of_o their_o overthrow_n return_v home_o again_o and_o forsake_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o town_n and_o castle_n convey_v themselves_o and_o their_o wealth_n into_o one_o strong_a and_o well-fortified_n town_n which_o be_v compass_v about_o with_o mighty_a rock_n and_o steep_a downfall_n save_v in_o one_o place_n of_o two_o hundred_o foot_n in_o breadth_n where_o there_o be_v a_o entry_n by_o a_o gentle_a and_o easy_a ascent_n which_o passage_n they_o have_v fortify_v with_o a_o double_a wall_n of_o a_o large_a altitude_n and_o have_v place_v mighty_a great_a stone_n and_o sharp_a beam_n upon_o the_o wall_n ready_a for_o a_o assault_n this_o people_n descend_v from_o the_o cimbri_n and_o teutoni_n who_o in_o their_o journey_n into_o italy_n leave_v such_o carriage_n on_o this_o side_n of_o the_o rhine_n as_o they_o can_v not_o convenient_o take_v along_o with_o they_o and_o 6000_o man_n to_o look_v to_o they_o who_o after_o the_o death_n of_o their_o fellow_n be_v many_o year_n disquiet_v by_o their_o neighbour_n sometime_o invade_v other_o state_n and_o sometime_o defend_v themselves_o at_o length_n procure_v a_o peace_n and_o choose_v this_o place_n to_o settle_v themselves_o in_o at_o the_o first_o come_v of_o the_o roman_a army_n they_o sally_v out_o of_o the_o town_n and_o make_v many_o light_a skirmish_n with_o they_o but_o after_o that_o caesar_n have_v draw_v a_o rampire_n about_o the_o town_n of_o twelve_o foot_n in_o height_n fifteen_o mile_n in_o compass_n and_o have_v fortify_v it_o with_o castle_n very_o thick_a about_o the_o town_n they_o keep_v themselves_o within_o the_o wall_n and_o as_o they_o behold_v the_o vine_n frame_v the_o mount_n raise_v and_o a_o tower_n in_o build_v afar_o off_o at_o first_o they_o begin_v to_o laugh_v at_o it_o and_o with_o scoff_a speech_n from_o the_o wall_n begin_v to_o ask_v with_o what_o hand_n and_o with_o what_o strength_n especial_o by_o man_n of_o that_o stature_n for_o the_o roman_n be_v but_o little_a man_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o gall_n a_o tower_n of_o that_o huge_a massy_a weight_n shall_v be_v bring_v unto_o the_o wall_n but_o when_o they_o see_v it_o remove_v and_o approach_v near_o unto_o the_o town_n as_o man_n astonish_v at_o the_o strange_a and_o unaccustomed_a sight_n thereof_o they_o send_v ambassador_n to_o caesar_n to_o entreat_v a_o peace_n with_o this_o message_n they_o believe_v that_o the_o roman_n do_v not_o make_v war_n without_o the_o special_a assistance_n of_o the_o god_n that_o can_v with_o such_o facility_n transport_v engine_n of_o that_o height_n and_o bring_v they_o to_o encounter_v at_o hand_n against_o the_o strong_a part_n of_o their_o town_n and_o therefore_o they_o submit_v both_o themselves_o
labour_n and_o thus_o we_o find_v the_o reason_n particular_o deliver_v that_o move_v caesar_n first_o to_o undertake_v the_o helvetian_a war_n and_o then_o the_o cause_n which_o draw_v he_o on_o to_o the_o quarrel_n with_o ariovistus_n then_o follow_v the_o necessity_n of_o that_o war_n with_o the_o belgae_n and_o now_o the_o motive_n which_o induce_v he_o to_o this_o with_o the_o maritime_a city_n of_o bretagne_n and_o so_o consequent_o of_o his_o passage_n into_o germany_n or_o what_o other_o enterprise_n he_o attempt_v which_o he_o lay_v down_o as_o the_o ground_n and_o occasion_n of_o those_o war_n and_o can_v not_o be_v avoid_v but_o with_o the_o loss_n and_o dishonour_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n further_o let_v we_o observe_v the_o mean_n he_o use_v to_o prevent_v the_o inclination_n of_o the_o gall_n and_o to_o keep_v they_o in_o subjection_n and_o peaceable_a obedience_n by_o send_v his_o man_n into_o divers_a quarter_n of_o that_o continent_n and_o so_o settle_v the_o waver_a disposition_n of_o the_o further_a skirt_n with_o the_o weight_n of_o his_o army_n and_o the_o presence_n of_o his_o legionary_a soldier_n which_o he_o send_v ready_a to_o stifle_v all_o motion_n of_o rebellion_n in_o the_o beginning_n that_o they_o may_v not_o break_v out_o to_o the_o prejudice_n and_o diminution_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o the_o good_a success_n of_o his_o proceed_n beside_o the_o advantage_n which_o he_o gain_v in_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o enemy_n who_o he_o so_o little_o fear_v concern_v the_o upshot_n of_o that_o quarrel_n that_o he_o have_v disperse_v tâ—e_v great_a part_n of_o his_o army_n upon_o other_o service_n the_o rest_n be_v sufficient_a to_o end_v that_o war_n chap._n vi_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o ship_n and_o their_o sea-sight_n the_o situation_n of_o almost_o all_o these_o city_n be_v such_o caesar_n that_o be_v build_v in_o point_n &_o promontory_n they_o can_v not_o at_o full_a sea_n which_o happen_v always_o twice_o in_o 12_o hour_n be_v approach_v by_o foot-force_n nor_o yet_o with_o ship_v for_o again_o in_o a_o ebb_n the_o vessel_n be_v lay_v on_o the_o grounâ—_n and_o so_o leave_v as_o a_o prey_n to_o the_o enemy_n and_o if_o the_o roman_n go_v about_o to_o shut_v out_o the_o sea_n with_o mount_n which_o they_o raise_v equal_a to_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o town_n and_o be_v at_o the_o point_n of_o enter_v and_o take_v it_o yet_o the_o townsman_n have_v such_o store_n of_o ship_v will_v easy_o convey_v both_o themselves_o and_o their_o carriage_n into_o the_o next_o town_n and_o there_o help_v themselves_o with_o the_o like_a advantage_n of_o place_n and_o thus_o they_o delude_v caesar_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o summer_n for_o the_o roman_a fleet_n by_o reason_n of_o continual_a wind_n and_o foul_a weather_n dare_v not_o adventure_v to_o put_v out_o of_o the_o river_n loire_n into_o so_o vast_a a_o sea_n wherein_o the_o haven_n and_o road_n be_v few_o and_o far_o distant_a one_o from_o another_o and_o the_o tide_n great_a the_o ship_n of_o the_o gall_n be_v thus_o build_v and_o rig_v the_o keel_n be_v somewhat_o flatter_v then_o the_o roman_n ship_v the_o better_a to_o bear_v the_o ebb_n and_o shallows_n of_o that_o coast_n the_o fore-deck_a be_v altogether_o erect_v and_o perpendicular_a the_o poop_n be_v make_v to_o bear_v the_o hugeness_n of_o the_o billow_n and_o the_o force_n of_o the_o tempest_n and_o in_o a_o word_n they_o be_v altogether_o build_v for_o strength_n for_o the_o rib_n and_o seat_n be_v make_v of_o beam_n of_o a_o foot_n square_a fasten_v with_o iron_n pin_n of_o a_o inch_n thick_a in_o stead_n of_o cable_n they_o use_v chain_n of_o iron_n and_o raw_a hide_n and_o skin_n for_o sail_n either_o for_o want_v of_o linen_n or_o ignorant_a of_o the_o use_n thereof_o or_o because_o sail_n of_o linen_n will_v hardly_o serve_v to_o carry_v ship_n of_o that_o burden_n or_o endure_v the_o tempestuousnesse_n of_o those_o sea_n and_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o wind_n the_o meeting_n and_o conflict_n of_o the_o roman_a navy_n with_o this_o kind_n of_o ship_n be_v such_o that_o they_o only_o excel_v they_o in_o celerity_n and_o speedy_a nimbleness_n with_o force_n of_o oar_n but_o in_o all_o other_o thing_n either_o concern_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n or_o the_o danger_n of_o the_o foul_a weather_n be_v far_o inferior_a unto_o they_o for_o the_o strength_n of_o they_o be_v such_o that_o they_o can_v neither_o hurt_v they_o with_o their_o beak-head_n nor_o cast_v a_o weapon_n to_o any_o purpose_n into_o they_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o altitude_n and_o high-built_a bulk_n and_o if_o any_o gust_n chance_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n to_o rise_v that_o force_v they_o to_o commit_v themselves_o to_o the_o mercy_n of_o the_o weather_n their_o ship_n will_v better_o bear_v the_o rage_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o with_o great_a safety_n shelter_v itself_o among_o flat_n and_o shallows_n without_o fear_n of_o rock_n or_o any_o such_o hazard_n of_o all_o which_o chance_v the_o roman_a navy_n stand_v continual_o in_o danger_n observation_n and_o here_o let_v it_o not_o seem_v impertinent_a to_o the_o argument_n which_o we_o handle_v sea_n consider_v the_o general_a use_n which_o we_o islander_n have_v of_o navigation_n brief_o to_o set_v down_o the_o most_o eminent_a cause_n of_o the_o flow_a and_o ebb_v of_o the_o sea_n as_o far_o forth_o as_o shall_v seem_v necessary_a to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o a_o soldier_n which_o albeit_o they_o may_v fall_v short_a of_o the_o true_a reason_n of_o this_o great_a secret_a yet_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o stand_v for_o true_a principle_n of_o regularity_n and_o well-approved_n rule_v in_o our_o art_n of_o navigation_n let_v we_o take_v they_o for_o no_o less_o than_o they_o effect_v and_o give_v they_o that_o credit_n in_o our_o imagination_n which_o tract_n of_o time_n have_v gain_v to_o those_o forge_a circle_n in_o the_o heaven_n that_o albeit_o their_o chief_a essence_n consist_v in_o conceit_n and_o supposal_n yet_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o serve_v to_o direct_v our_o knowledge_n to_o a_o certainty_n in_o that_o variety_n and_o seem_a inconstancy_n of_o motion_n we_o esteem_v of_o they_o as_o they_o effect_v and_o not_o as_o they_o be_v consider_v then_o the_o globe_n of_o the_o world_n as_o it_o make_v a_o right_a sphere_n for_o in_o that_o position_n the_o naturalist_n chief_o understand_v celestial_a influence_n to_o have_v operation_n in_o this_o liquid_a element_n of_o the_o water_n it_o be_v divide_v by_o the_o horizon_n and_o meridian_n into_o four_o quarter_n the_o first_o quarter_n be_v that_o between_o the_o east_n horizon_n and_o the_o noon_n meridian_n which_o they_o call_v a_o flow_a quarter_n the_o second_o from_o the_o noon_n meridian_n to_o the_o west_n horizon_n which_o they_o make_v a_o ebb_a quarter_n the_o three_o from_o the_o west_n horizon_n to_o the_o midnight_n meridian_n which_o they_o likewise_o call_v a_o flow_a quarter_n and_o again_o from_o the_o 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altitude_n so_o it_o increase_v until_o it_o come_v to_o a_o high_a flood_n and_o again_o as_o those_o light_n pass_v the_o meridian_n decline_v to_o the_o west_n and_o run_v the_o circuit_n of_o the_o ebb_a quarter_n so_o the_o water_n decrease_v and_o return_v again_o from_o whence_o it_o come_v again_o as_o they_o set_v under_o the_o west_n horizon_n and_o enter_v into_o the_o second_o flow_v quarter_n so_o the_o sea_n begin_v again_o to_o flow_v and_o still_o increase_v until_o they_o come_v to_o the_o point_n of_o the_o night_n meridian_n and_o then_o again_o it_o reflow_v according_a as_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n be_v carry_v in_o the_o other_o ebb_a quarter_n from_o the_o night_n meridian_n to_o the_o west_n horizon_n and_o hence_o it_o happen_v that_o in_o conjunction_n or_o new_a of_o the_o moon_n spring-tide_n when_o the_o
otherwise_o to_o seek_v their_o safety_n by_o flight_n which_o tumult_n and_o fear_n be_v no_o soon_o perceive_v by_o the_o roman_a soldier_n but_o call_v to_o mind_v their_o perfidious_a treachery_n they_o break_v into_o the_o camp_n and_o be_v at_o first_o a_o little_a resist_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o woman_n and_o child_n for_o they_o have_v bring_v all_o they_o have_v over_o the_o rhine_n flee_v every_o one_o away_o which_o caesar_n perceive_v send_v his_o horseman_n to_o pursue_v they_o the_o german_n hear_v the_o clamour_n and_o scrâ—echings_n behind_o their_o back_n and_o see_v their_o friend_n pursue_v and_o slay_v do_v cast_v away_o their_o weapon_n forsake_v their_o ensign_n and_o flee_v out_o of_o the_o camp_n and_o come_v to_o the_o confluence_n of_o the_o maze_n and_o the_o rhine_n such_o as_o have_v escape_v cast_v themselves_o into_o the_o river_n where_o what_o through_o fear_n weariness_n and_o the_o force_n of_o the_o water_n they_o be_v all_o drown_v in_o 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end_v csar_n caesar_n think_v it_o necessary_a to_o transport_v his_o army_n over_o the_o rhine_n into_o the_o continent_n of_o germany_n for_o many_o cause_n whereof_o this_o be_v not_o the_o least_o that_o see_v the_o german_n be_v so_o easy_o persuade_v to_o bring_v their_o colony_n and_o their_o vagrant_a multitude_n into_o gallia_n he_o think_v good_a to_o make_v know_v unto_o they_o that_o the_o roman_a people_n can_v at_o their_o pleasure_n carry_v their_o force_n over_o the_o rhine_n into_o germany_n moreover_o those_o troop_n of_o horse_n which_o be_v absent_a at_o the_o late_a overthrow_n of_o the_o german_n be_v go_v as_o i_o say_v before_o for_o spoil_n and_o provision_n over_o the_o mosa_n after_o they_o see_v their_o friend_n overthrow_v be_v flee_v into_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o sicambri_n and_o join_v with_o they_o to_o who_o when_o caesar_n send_v messenger_n to_o demand_v they_o to_o be_v send_v unto_o he_o they_o answer_v that_o the_o roman_a empire_n be_v limit_v by_o the_o rhine_n and_o if_o the_o german_n be_v interdict_v gallia_n why_o shall_v caesar_n challenge_v any_o authority_n in_o their_o quarter_n last_o the_o ubii_n who_o among_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o german_n have_v only_o accept_v of_o caesar_n friendship_n and_o give_v pledge_n of_o their_o fidelity_n have_v make_v earnest_a suit_n unto_o he_o to_o send_v they_o aid_v against_o the_o suevi_n or_o at_o the_o least_o to_o transport_v his_o army_n over_o the_o rhine_n that_o will_v serve_v their_o turn_n that_o will_v be_v help_n and_o encouragement_n enough_o to_o they_o for_o the_o name_n and_o opinion_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n be_v so_o great_a and_o of_o such_o fame_n what_o with_o ariovistus_n overthrow_n and_o this_o last_o service_n that_o it_o sound_v honourable_a among_o the_o far_a nation_n of_o germany_n so_o that_o it_o be_v the_o great_a safety_n to_o have_v they_o their_o friend_n for_o these_o reason_n caesar_n resolve_v to_o pass_v the_o rhine_n but_o to_o carry_v his_o army_n over_o by_o boat_n be_v neither_o safe_a nor_o for_o his_o own_o honour_n nor_o the_o majesty_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o albeit_o it_o seem_v a_o matter_n of_o great_a difficulty_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o breadth_n swiftness_n and_o depth_n of_o the_o river_n to_o make_v a_o bridge_n yet_o he_o resolve_v to_o try_v what_o he_o can_v do_v otherwise_o he_o determine_v not_o to_o pass_v over_o at_o all_o and_o so_o he_o build_v a_o bridge_n after_o this_o manner_n at_o two_o foot_n distance_n he_o place_v two_o tree_n of_o a_o foot_n and_o half_a square_n sharpen_v at_o the_o low_a end_n and_o cut_v answerable_a to_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o river_n these_o he_o let_v down_o into_o the_o water_n with_o engine_n and_o drive_v they_o in_o with_o commander_n not_o perpendicular_o after_o the_o fashion_n of_o a_o pile_n but_o gablewise_o and_o bend_v with_o the_o course_n of_o the_o water_n opposite_a unto_o these_o he_o place_v two_o other_o tree_n join_v together_o after_o the_o same_o fashion_n be_v forty_o foot_n distant_a from_o the_o former_a by_o the_o dimension_n between_o their_o low_a part_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o water_n and_o recline_v against_o the_o course_n of_o the_o river_n these_o two_o pair_n of_o couple_n thus_o place_v he_o join_v together_o with_o a_o beam_n of_o two_o foot_n square_a equal_a to_o the_o distance_n between_o the_o say_a couple_n and_o fasten_v they_o at_o each_o end_n on_o either_o side_n of_o the_o couple_n with_o brace_n and_o pin_n whereby_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o work_n and_o nature_n of_o the_o frame_n be_v such_o that_o the_o great_a the_o violence_n of_o the_o stream_n be_v and_o the_o fast_o it_o fall_v upon_o the_o timber-work_n the_o strong_a the_o bridge_n be_v unite_v in_o the_o couple_n and_o joint_n in_o like_a manner_n he_o proceed_v with_o couple_n and_o beam_n until_o the_o work_n be_v bring_v unto_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n and_o then_o he_o lay_v straight_o plank_n from_o beam_n to_o beam_n and_o cover_v they_o with_o hurdle_n and_o so_o he_o make_v a_o floor_n to_o the_o bridge_n moreover_o on_o the_o low_a side_n of_o the_o bridge_n he_o drive_v down_o supporter_n which_o be_v fasten_v to_o the_o timber-work_n do_v strengthen_v the_o bridge_n against_o the_o force_n of_o the_o water_n and_o on_o the_o upper_a side_n of_o the_o bridge_n at_o a_o reasonable_a distance_n he_o place_v pile_n to_o hinder_v the_o force_n of_o tree_n or_o boat_n or_o what_o else_o the_o enemy_n may_v cast_v down_o to_o trouble_v the_o work_n or_o hurt_v the_o bridge_n within_o ten_o day_n that_o the_o timber_n begin_v to_o be_v cut_v down_o and_o carry_v the_o work_n be_v end_v and_o the_o army_n transport_v caesar_n leave_v a_o strong_a garrison_n at_o either_o end_n of_o the_o bridge_n go_v into_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o sicambri_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n ambassador_n come_v to_o he_o from_o many_o city_n desire_v peace_n and_o the_o friendship_n of_o the_o roman_n who_o caesar_n answer_v courteous_o and_o require_v hostage_n of_o their_o fidelity_n observation_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o enter_v a_o little_a into_o the_o consideration_n of_o this_o bridge_n as_o well_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o ingenious_a architecture_n thereof_o as_o also_o that_o we_o may_v somewhat_o imitate_v caesar_n who_o we_o may_v observe_v to_o insist_v with_o as_o great_a plenty_n of_o wit_n and_o eloquence_n in_o present_v unto_o we_o the_o subtlety_n of_o his_o invention_n in_o such_o manner_n of_o handiwork_n as_o upon_o any_o other_o part_n of_o his_o action_n as_o this_o particular_a description_n of_o the_o bridge_n may_v sufficient_o witness_v beside_o the_o fortification_n at_o alesia_n and_o the_o intrenchment_n in_o brittany_n for_o the_o safety_n of_o his_o ship_n with_o many_o
each_o other_o life_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v judge_v which_o of_o they_o deserve_v great_a honour_n observation_n caesar_n insert_v this_o accident_n of_o the_o two_o centurion_n as_o worthy_a to_o be_v relate_v among_o the_o deed_n of_o arm_n contain_v in_o these_o commentary_n wherein_o we_o be_v first_o to_o observe_v the_o ground_n of_o this_o quarrel_n which_o be_v their_o continual_a strife_n for_o place_n of_o preferment_n which_o they_o seek_v after_o by_o show_v their_o valour_n in_o time_n of_o danger_n and_o approve_v their_o worth_n by_o the_o greatness_n of_o their_o desert_n a_o contention_n worthy_a the_o roman_a discipline_n &_o may_v serve_v for_o a_o pattern_n of_o true_a honour_n full_a of_o courage_n accomplish_v with_o virtue_n for_o these_o simultates_fw-la which_o desire_v of_o honour_n have_v cast_v between_o they_o bring_v forth_o emulation_n which_o be_v the_o spurr_n of_o virtue_n far_o from_o enmity_n or_o hateful_a contention_n for_o the_o difference_n between_o these_o two_o quality_n be_v that_o enmity_n hunt_v after_o destruction_n &_o only_o rejoice_v in_o that_o which_o bring_v to_o our_o adversary_n utter_v ruin_n dishonour_n or_o ill_a achievement_n but_o emulation_n contend_v only_o by_o well_o deserve_v to_o gain_v the_o advantage_n of_o another_o man_n fame_n that_o use_v the_o same_o â—eans_n to_o attain_v to_o the_o like_a end_n and_o be_v always_o mix_v with_o love_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o affinity_n of_o their_o affection_n and_o the_o sympathy_n of_o their_o desire_n not_o seek_v the_o overthrow_n of_o their_o competitour_n but_o succour_v he_o in_o time_n of_o danger_n and_o defend_v he_o from_o foul_a and_o unfortunate_a calamity_n that_o he_o may_v still_o continue_v to_o show_v the_o greatness_n of_o his_o worth_n by_o the_o opposition_n of_o inferior_a action_n which_o be_v as_o a_o lesser_a scantling_n of_o desert_n to_o measure_v the_o estimation_n of_o the_o other_o honour_n a_o virtue_n rare_a and_o unknown_a in_o these_o day_n and_o will_v hardly_o find_v subject_n to_o be_v resident_a in_o if_o she_o shall_v offer_v she_o help_v in_o the_o course_n of_o our_o affair_n or_o sue_v to_o be_v entertain_v by_o the_o crooked_a disposition_n of_o our_o time_n for_o we_o can_v no_o soon_o conceive_v the_o thought_n that_o breed_v emulation_n but_o it_o turn_v present_o to_o hatred_n which_o be_v follow_v to_o the_o uttermost_a of_o our_o malice_n and_o rest_v better_a satisfy_v with_o the_o miserable_a end_n of_o our_o oppose_a partner_n then_o with_o thousand_o of_o trophy_n deserve_o erect_v to_o our_o honour_n which_o make_v i_o wonder_v when_o i_o look_v into_o the_o difference_n of_o these_o and_o those_o age_n whether_o it_o be_v the_o discipline_n of_o that_o time_n which_o bring_v forth_o such_o honest_a effect_n of_o virtue_n to_o their_o glory_n and_o our_o ignominy_n have_v learn_v better_a rule_n than_o be_v know_v unto_o they_o or_o whether_o the_o world_n weaken_v with_o age_n want_v strength_n in_o these_o time_n to_o bring_v forth_o her_o creature_n in_o that_o perfection_n as_o it_o do_v in_o those_o day_n or_o what_o other_o cause_n have_v make_v our_o worst_a affection_n so_o violent_a and_o our_o better_a faculty_n so_o remiss_a and_o negligent_a that_o virtue_n have_v no_o part_n in_o we_o but_o word_n of_o praise_n our_o whole_a practice_n be_v consecrate_v to_o action_n of_o reproach_n the_o injury_n murder_n scandalous_a carriage_n of_o one_o towards_o another_o which_o in_o these_o day_n be_v so_o ready_o offer_v and_o so_o impatient_o digest_v will_v admit_v no_o satisfaction_n but_o private_a combat_n which_o in_o the_o first_o monarchy_n be_v grant_v only_o against_o stranger_n &_o foreign_a enemy_n as_o the_o only_a object_n of_o arm_n and_o wrath_n and_o capable_a of_o that_o justice_n which_o the_o private_a sword_n shall_v execute_v for_o they_o well_o perceive_v that_o these_o single_a battle_n be_v as_o sparkle_v of_o civil_a discord_n and_o intestine_a war_n although_o not_o so_o apparent_a in_o the_o general_a view_n of_o their_o state_n yet_o as_o odious_a in_o particular_a and_o as_o dishonourable_a to_o good_a government_n and_o if_o there_o be_v a_o true_a record_n of_o such_o as_o have_v be_v either_o slay_v or_o wound_v within_o these_o forty_o year_n either_o in_o this_o kingdom_n or_o in_o france_n or_o in_o germany_n by_o this_o licentious_a and_o brutish_a custom_n i_o make_v no_o question_n but_o they_o will_v amount_v to_o a_o number_n capable_a of_o that_o fearful_a stile_n which_o be_v attribute_v to_o civil_a war_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o law_n how_o rigorous_a or_o hard_a soever_o that_o can_v give_v relief_n to_o this_o disorder_n but_o the_o restraint_n will_v draw_v on_o as_o great_a enormity_n and_o as_o intolerable_a in_o a_o good_a government_n 〈◊〉_d king_n of_o the_o lumbards_n forâ—ade_n his_o subject_n this_o manner_n of_o combat_n but_o short_o after_o he_o be_v constrain_v to_o recall_v the_o edict_n for_o the_o avoid_n of_o great_a evil_n although_o he_o protest_v the_o thing_n to_o be_v both_o inhuman_a and_o barbarous_a the_o like_a edict_n be_v publish_v in_o france_n by_o philip_n the_o fair_a but_o be_v within_o two_o year_n revoke_v again_o at_o the_o instant_a request_n of_o his_o subject_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o murder_n and_o assasinat_n commit_v in_o that_o kingdom_n the_o only_a remedy_n that_o i_o find_v to_o take_v effect_n in_o this_o case_n be_v that_o of_o late_a time_n which_o the_o prince_n of_o melphe_n in_o piâ—moâ—t_n invent_v to_o prevent_v this_o evil_a for_o perceive_v how_o ordinary_a quarrel_n and_o bloodshed_n be_v in_o his_o camp_n he_o assign_v a_o place_n between_o two_o bridge_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o the_o duâ—ilum_fw-la with_o this_o charge_n that_o he_o that_o have_v the_o wâ—â—st_n shall_v always_o be_v slay_v &_o cast_v from_o the_o bridge_n into_o the_o water_n the_o danger_n join_v with_o dishonour_n which_o by_o this_o decree_n attend_v such_o as_o undertake_v private_a combat_n make_v the_o soldier_n wise_a in_o their_o carriage_n and_o put_v a_o end_n to_o their_o sedition_n and_o civil_a discord_n but_o that_o which_o be_v yet_o worst_a of_o all_o be_v that_o custom_n have_v now_o make_v it_o so_o familiar_a that_o every_o 〈◊〉_d seem_v sufficient_a to_o call_v the_o matter_n to_o a_o private_a combat_n a_o cross_a look_n call_v another_o man_n honour_n in_o question_n but_o the_o word_n lye_n be_v of_o as_o great_a consequence_n as_o any_o stab_n or_o villainy_n whatsoever_o whereat_o we_o may_v well_o wonder_v how_o it_o happen_v that_o we_o feel_v ourselves_o so_o much_o exasperate_v at_o the_o reproach_n of_o that_o vice_n which_o we_o so_o ordinary_o commit_v for_o in_o the_o custom_n of_o these_o time_n to_o cast_v upon_o we_o the_o lie_n be_v the_o great_a in_o jury_n that_o word_n can_v do_v unto_o we_o and_o yet_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o frequent_a in_o our_o mouth_n it_o may_v be_v a_o property_n in_o our_o nature_n to_o stand_v chief_o in_o the_o defence_n of_o that_o corruption_n unto_o which_o we_o be_v most_o subject_a i_o speak_v not_o this_o to_o qualify_v the_o foulness_n of_o this_o vice_n for_o i_o hold_v a_o liar_n to_o be_v a_o monster_n in_o nature_n one_o that_o contemn_v god_n and_o fear_v man_n as_o a_o ancient_a father_n say_v but_o to_o show_v the_o crookedness_n of_o our_o disposition_n in_o disdain_v to_o acknowledge_v that_o fault_n which_o we_o so_o common_o commit_v but_o i_o will_v fain_o learn_v when_o honour_n first_o come_v to_o be_v measure_v with_o word_n for_o from_o the_o beginning_n it_o be_v not_o so_o caesar_n be_v often_o call_v to_o his_o face_n thief_n and_o drunkard_n without_o any_o further_a matter_n and_o the_o liberty_n of_o invective_n which_o great_a personage_n use_v one_o against_o another_o as_o it_o begin_v so_o it_o end_v with_o word_n and_o so_o i_o think_v our_o lie_n may_v too_o for_o i_o take_v he_o that_o return_v the_o lie_n and_o so_o let_v it_o rest_n until_o further_a proof_n to_o have_v as_o great_a advantage_n in_o the_o reputation_n of_o honour_n as_o the_o former_a that_o first_o give_v the_o disgrace_n chap._n xxi_o ciâ—â—ro_n find_v mean_n to_o advertise_v caesar_n of_o this_o accident_n who_o haste_v raise_v the_o siege_n and_o put_v the_o enemy_n to_o a_o great_a â—laughter_n as_o the_o siege_n grow_v daily_o hot_a aâ—d_o sharp_a caesar_n and_o special_o for_o that_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o soldier_n be_v lay_v up_o with_o wound_n and_o the_o matter_n bring_v into_o a_o few_o man_n hand_n that_o be_v able_a to_o make_v any_o defence_n so_o they_o send_v out_o letter_n and_o messenger_n the_o more_o often_o to_o caesar_n of_o who_o some_o be_v take_v and_o in_o the_o sight_n of_o our_o soldier_n torture_v to_o death_n there_o
which_o be_v stir_v up_o by_o a_o eagerness_n to_o fight_v this_o a_o general_n shall_v not_o crush_v but_o cherish_v so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o without_o cause_n that_o in_o old_a time_n they_o have_v a_o custom_n that_o the_o whole_a army_n shall_v make_v a_o noise_n and_o raise_v a_o general_a shout_n whereby_o they_o suppose_v as_o the_o enemy_n be_v affright_v so_o their_o own_o man_n be_v encourage_v two_o contrary_a effect_n proceed_v from_o a_o cause_n which_o to_o common_a sense_n carry_v no_o show_n of_o any_o such_o efficacy_n vox_fw-la &_o praeterea_fw-la nihil_fw-la a_o bare_a voice_n and_o nothing_o more_o as_o one_o say_v of_o the_o nightingale_n in_o another_o sense_n but_o such_o as_o do_v serious_o look_v into_o the_o reason_n thereof_o shall_v find_v the_o say_n true_a which_o be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o elder_n and_o wise_a cato_n verba_fw-la plus_fw-la quam_fw-la gladium_fw-la &_o voces_fw-la quam_fw-la manum_fw-la host_n territare_fw-la &_o in_o fugam_fw-la 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often_o fall_v out_o in_o such_o confrontment_n at_o last_o commandment_n be_v give_v to_o the_o english_a to_o make_v head_n again_o and_o after_o some_o pause_n to_o charge_v the_o enemy_n with_o a_o shout_n which_o be_v according_o perform_v a_o man_n may_v have_v see_v the_o enemy_n startle_v before_o they_o come_v to_o the_o stroke_n and_o be_v charge_v home_o be_v so_o rout_v that_o they_o make_v not_o head_n again_o that_o day_n for_o the_o prevention_n of_o such_o a_o disadvantage_n there_o can_v be_v no_o better_a precedent_n then_o that_o which_o plutarch_n note_v life_n touch_v the_o battle_n between_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o ambron_n a_o part_n of_o that_o deluge_n of_o people_n which_o come_v down_o into_o italy_n with_o the_o cimbri_n and_o teutones_n for_o these_o ambron_n come_v out_o to_o give_v battle_n to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v strike_v fear_n into_o the_o roman_n make_v a_o often_o repetition_n of_o their_o own_o name_n with_o a_o loud_a sound_a voice_n 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a_o faction_n against_o his_o first_o master_n he_o never_o achieve_v any_o thing_n but_o loss_n and_o dishonour_n dux_n fortis_fw-la in_o armis_fw-la caesareis_n labienus_n erat_fw-la nunc_fw-la transfuga_fw-la vilis_fw-la once_o labienus_n be_v a_o captain_n stout_a on_o caesar_n side_n now_o a_o base_a turn-about_a and_o upon_o that_o occasion_n he_o be_v often_o mention_v as_o a_o memorial_n of_o his_o disloyalty_n to_o prove_v that_o good_a success_n in_o matter_n of_o war_n do_v follow_v the_o general_n rather_o than_o any_o inferior_a captain_n for_o it_o be_v observe_v of_o divers_a who_o fortune_n have_v be_v great_a under_o the_o conduction_n of_o some_o commander_n and_o as_o unlucky_a under_o other_o leader_n like_o plant_n or_o tree_n that_o thrive_v well_o in_o some_o ground_n and_o bear_v store_n of_o fruit_n but_o be_v transplant_v do_v either_o die_v or_o become_v barren_a and_o doubtless_o there_o may_v be_v observe_v the_o like_a sympathy_n or_o contrariety_n in_o 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have_v no_o reception_n or_o entertainment_n among_o they_o upon_o this_o resolution_n a_o little_a above_o that_o place_n where_o he_o carry_v his_o army_n over_o before_o he_o command_v a_o bridge_n to_o be_v make_v after_o the_o know_v and_o appoint_a fashion_n which_o by_o the_o great_a industry_n of_o the_o soldier_n be_v end_v in_o a_o few_o day_n and_o leave_v a_o sufficient_a strength_n at_o the_o bridge_n lest_o any_o sudden_a motion_n shall_v rise_v among_o the_o treviri_n he_o carry_v over_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o force_n both_o horse_n and_o foot_n the_o ubii_n which_o before_o time_n have_v give_v hostage_n and_o be_v take_v into_o obedienâ—â—_n send_v ambassador_n unto_o he_o to_o clear_v themselves_o from_o imputation_n of_o disloyalty_n and_o that_o the_o treviri_n have_v receive_v no_o supply_n from_o their_o state_n they_o pray_v and_o desire_v he_o to_o spare_v they_o lest_o the_o general_a distaste_n of_o the_o german_n shall_v cause_v he_o to_o punish_v the_o 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persuade_v the_o hedui_n diligent_o to_o make_v supply_n of_o necessary_a provision_n he_o send_v to_o the_o boii_n to_o advertise_v they_o of_o his_o come_n to_o encourage_v they_o to_o continue_v loyal_a and_o noble_o to_o resist_v the_o assault_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o leave_v two_o legion_n with_o the_o carriage_n of_o the_o whole_a army_n at_o agendicum_n he_o march_v towards_o the_o boii_n the_o next_o day_n come_v to_o a_o town_n of_o the_o senones_n call_v vellaunodunum_n he_o determine_v to_o take_v it_o in_o to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v leave_v no_o enemy_n behind_o he_o which_o may_v hinder_v a_o speedy_a supply_n of_o victual_n and_o in_o two_o day_n he_o enclose_v it_o about_o with_o a_o ditch_n and_o a_o rampire_n the_o three_o day_n some_o be_v send_v out_o touch_v the_o give_v up_o of_o the_o town_n he_o command_v all_o their_o arm_n and_o their_o cattle_n to_o be_v bring_v out_o and_o six_o hundred_o pledge_n to_o be_v deliver_v leave_v c._n trebonius_n a_o legate_n to_o see_v it_o perform_v he_o himself_o make_v all_o speed_n towards_o genabum_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o man_n of_o chartres_n who_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o hear_v of_o the_o take_n in_o of_o vellaunodunum_n persuade_v themselves_o the_o matter_n will_v not_o rest_v so_o they_o resolve_v to_o put_v a_o strong_a garrison_n into_o genabum_n thither_o come_v caesar_n within_o two_o day_n and_o encamp_v himself_o before_o the_o town_n the_o evening_n draw_v on_o he_o put_v off_o the_o assault_n unto_o the_o next_o day_n command_v the_o soldier_n to_o prepare_v in_o a_o readiness_n such_o thing_n as_o shall_v be_v necessary_a for_o that_o service_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o town_n of_o genabum_n have_v a_o bridge_n lead_v over_o the_o river_n loire_n he_o fear_v lest_o they_o of_o the_o town_n will_v steal_v away_o in_o the_o night_n for_o prevention_n whereof_o he_o command_v two_o legion_n to_o watch_v all_o night_n in_o arm_n the_o townsman_n a_o little_a before_o midnight_n go_v out_o quiet_o and_o begin_v to_o pass_v over_o the_o river_n which_o be_v discover_v by_o the_o scout_n caesar_n with_o the_o legion_n which_o he_o have_v ready_a in_o arm_n burn_v the_o gate_n and_o enter_v the_o town_n take_v it_o the_o great_a number_n of_o the_o enemy_n be_v take_v and_o a_o very_a few_o escape_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o narrowness_n of_o the_o bridge_n and_o the_o way_n which_o shut_v in_o the_o multitude_n the_o town_n be_v sack_v and_o burn_v and_o give_v for_o a_o booty_n to_o the_o soldier_n he_o carry_v his_o army_n over_o the_o river_n loire_n into_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o bituriges_n the_o first_o observation_n it_o be_v a_o know_v and_o a_o approve_a saying_n e_z malis_fw-la minimum_fw-la est_fw-la eligendum_fw-la of_o evil_n the_o least_o be_v to_o be_v choose_v but_o in_o a_o presentment_n of_o evil_n to_o be_v able_a to_o discern_v the_o difference_n and_o to_o choose_v the_o least_o hic_fw-la labour_n hoc_fw-la opus_fw-la here_o be_v all_o the_o skill_n and_o work_v vercingetorix_n besiege_v gergovia_n a_o stipendiary_a town_n belong_v to_o the_o hedui_n auvergne_n that_o of_o long_a time_n have_v serve_v the_o roman_a empire_n at_o such_o a_o time_n of_o the_o year_n as_o will_v not_o afford_v provision_n of_o victual_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o a_o army_n but_o with_o great_a difficulty_n and_o inconvenience_n of_o carriage_n and_o convoy_n caesar_n be_v much_o perplex_v whether_o he_o shall_v forbear_v to_o succour_v the_o town_n and_o raise_v the_o siege_n or_o undergo_v the_o hazard_n of_o long_a and_o tedious_a convoy_n a_o matter_n often_o fall_v into_o dispute_n although_o it_o be_v in_o other_o term_n whether_o honesty_n or_o honourable_a respect_n ought_v to_o be_v prefer_v before_o private_a ease_n and_o particular_a commodity_n caesar_n have_v declare_v himself_o touch_v this_o point_n prefer_v the_o honour_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n as_o the_o majesty_n of_o their_o empire_n and_o the_o reputation_n which_o they_o desire_v to_o hold_v touch_v assistance_n and_o protection_n of_o their_o friend_n before_o any_o inconvenience_n which_o may_v happen_v to_o their_o army_n and_o not_o without_o good_a reason_n which_o may_v be_v draw_v as_o well_o from_o the_o worthiness_n of_o the_o cause_n as_o from_o the_o danger_n of_o the_o effect_n for_o duty_n of_o virtue_n and_o respect_n of_o honesty_n as_o the_o noble_a part_n of_o the_o mind_n do_v not_o only_o challenge_v the_o service_n of_o the_o inferior_a faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n but_o do_v also_o command_v the_o body_n and_o the_o casaulty_n thereof_o in_o such_o sort_n as_o be_v fit_v the_o excellency_n of_o their_o prerogative_n for_o otherwise_o virtue_n will_v find_v but_o bare_a attendance_n and_o may_v leave_v her_o sceptre_n for_o want_v of_o lawful_a authority_n and_o therefore_o caesar_n choose_v rather_o to_o adventure_v the_o army_n upon_o the_o casualty_n of_o hard_a provision_n then_o to_o blemish_v the_o roman_a name_n with_o the_o infamy_n of_o disloyalty_n which_o be_v less_o dangerous_a also_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o effect_n for_o where_o the_o bond_n be_v of_o value_n there_o the_o forfeiture_n be_v great_a and_o if_o that_o tie_n have_v be_v break_v and_o their_o opinion_n deceive_v touch_v the_o expectation_n of_o assistance_n and_o help_n all_o gallia_n may_v have_v have_v just_a cause_n of_o revolt_n and_o disclaim_v the_o roman_a government_n for_o non-protection_n to_o conclude_v then_o let_v no_o man_n deceive_v himself_o in_o the_o present_a benefit_n which_o private_a respect_n may_v bring_v upon_o the_o refusal_n of_o honest_a regard_n for_o the_o end_n will_v be_v a_o witness_n of_o the_o error_n and_o prove_v honesty_n to_o be_v best_a policy_n the_o second_o observation_n it_o be_v observe_v by_o some_o writer_n thing_n that_o caesar_n never_o undertake_v any_o action_n or_o at_o the_o least_o bring_v it_o not_o to_o trial_n but_o he_o first_o assure_v himself_o of_o these_o four_o thing_n the_o first_o be_v provision_n of_o victual_n as_o the_o very_a foundation_n of_o warlike_a expedition_n whereof_o i_o have_v already_o treat_v in_o the_o first_o commentary_n the_o difficulty_n whereof_o make_v he_o so_o doubtful_a to_o undertake_v the_o relief_n of_o gergovia_n and_o doubtless_o whosoever_o go_v about_o any_o enterprise_n of_o war_n without_o certain_a mean_n of_o victual_n and_o provision_n must_v either_o carry_v a_o army_n of_o chameleon_n that_o may_v live_v by_o the_o air_n or_o intend_v nothing_o but_o to_o build_v castle_n in_o the_o air_n or_o otherwise_o shall_v be_v sure_a to_o find_v his_o enemy_n either_o in_o his_o bosom_n or_o as_o the_o proverb_n be_v in_o plutarch_n 〈◊〉_d to_o leap_v on_o his_o belly_n with_o both_o his_o foot_n the_o second_o thing_n be_v provision_n of_o all_o necessary_n which_o may_v be_v of_o use_n in_o that_o service_n wherewith_o he_o always_o so_o abound_v that_o there_o may_v rather_o want_v occasion_n to_o use_v they_o than_o he_o be_v want_v to_o answer_v occasion_n and_o these_o be_v the_o instrument_n whereby_o he_o make_v such_o admirable_a work_n such_o bridge_n such_o mount_n such_o trench_n such_o huge_a armada_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o sea-fight_n with_o the_o maritime_a city_n of_o gallia_n 3._o according_a to_o which_o his_o former_a custom_n forasmuch_o as_o the_o day_n be_v far_o spend_v before_o he_o come_v to_o genabum_n he_o command_v such_o thing_n to_o be_v sit_v and_o have_v in_o a_o readiness_n as_o may_v serve_v for_o the_o siege_n the_o next_o day_n the_o three_o thing_n be_v a_o army_n for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o old_a soldier_n who_o the_o roman_n call_v veteram_fw-la whereof_o he_o be_v likewise_o at_o this_o time_n provide_v for_o the_o two_o legion_n which_o be_v fresh_a and_o late_o inrole_v he_o leave_v at_o agendâ—cum_n with_o the_o carriage_n take_v only_o the_o old_a soldier_n for_o this_o service_n as_o know_v that_o in_o pugna_fw-la usum_fw-la amplius_fw-la prodesse_fw-la quam_fw-la vires_fw-la usefulness_n be_v more_o serviceable_a in_o war_n then_o number_n the_o four_o thing_n be_v the_o trial_n and_o experience_n of_o the_o enemy_n force_n which_o the_o former_a victory_n assure_v he_o to_o be_v inferior_a to_o the_o roman_n it_o be_v always_o a_o rule_n in_o the_o roman_a discipline_n as_o i_o have_v already_o note_v â—_o by_o light_n and_o easy_a skirmish_n to_o acquaint_v the_o soldier_n with_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o enemy_n fight_v ne_o eos_fw-la novum_fw-la bellum_fw-la novus_fw-la hostess_fw-la terreret_fw-la lest_o a_o new_a kind_n of_o fight_n or_o enemy_n may_v affright_v they_o as_o lâ—vy_n say_v chap._n vi_o caesar_n take_v in_o noviodunum_n and_o beat_v the_o enemy_n come_v to_o rescue_v the_o town_n vercingetorix_n understanding_n of_o caesar_n come_n caesar_n leave_v the_o siege_n and_o go_v to_o meet_v he_o caesar_n resolve_v to_o take_v
to_o sight_n among_o the_o horse_n at_o their_o arrival_n forasmuch_o as_o they_o be_v not_o well_o fit_v with_o horse_n he_o take_v the_o horse_n from_o the_o tribune_n the_o roman_a knight_n and_o the_o evocati_fw-la and_o distribute_v they_o among_o the_o german_n observation_n there_o be_v three_o principal_a mean_n to_o draw_v a_o state_n into_o a_o party_n which_o of_o itself_o stand_v neutral_a matter_n or_o to_o win_v the_o mind_n of_o man_n when_o they_o carry_v equal_a or_o indifferent_a affection_n the_o first_o be_v friendship_n by_o favour_n or_o friendship_n the_o second_o by_o authority_n authority_n and_o the_o three_o by_o money_n friendship_n rely_v upon_o former_a respect_n and_o the_o exchange_n of_o precedent_a courtesy_n money_n authority_n conclude_v from_o future_a danger_n and_o the_o inconvenience_n which_o may_v follow_v the_o refusal_n money_n do_v govern_v the_o present_a occasion_n and_o be_v more_o general_a than_o either_o favour_n or_o authority_n the_o gall_n be_v not_o want_v to_o make_v their_o party_n good_a in_o any_o of_o these_o three_o persuade_a motive_n but_o as_o caesar_n say_v quantum_fw-la gratia_fw-la authoritate_fw-la pecunia_fw-la valent_fw-la ad_fw-la sollicitandas_fw-la civitates_fw-la nâ—tuntur_fw-la they_o solicit_v the_o neighbour_n state_n as_o far_o as_o friendship_n authority_n and_o money_n will_v go_v wherein_o as_o they_o go_v about_o to_o lay_v the_o stock_n upon_o it_o so_o they_o leave_v themselves_o but_o one_o trial_n for_o the_o right_n of_o their_o cause_n and_o join_v issue_n for_o all_o upon_o the_o fortune_n of_o that_o action_n for_o when_o they_o shall_v see_v their_o best_a possibility_n too_o weak_a and_o their_o uttermost_a endeavour_n profit_v nothing_o against_o a_o mighty_a prevail_a enemy_n the_o great_a their_o hope_n be_v which_o they_o have_v in_o the_o mean_n the_o great_a will_v be_v their_o despair_n when_o such_o mean_n be_v spend_v for_o it_o be_v a_o shrewd_a thing_n for_o man_n to_o be_v out_o of_o mean_n and_o not_o to_o drive_v a_o hope_n before_o they_o it_o be_v usual_a upon_o such_o main_a occasion_n to_o employ_v the_o chief_a man_n in_o a_o state_n in_o who_o the_o soldier_n may_v have_v most_o assurance_n and_o to_o accompany_v he_o with_o such_o mean_n as_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o commonweal_n may_v afford_v he_o but_o if_o their_o great_a hope_n die_v in_o his_o ill_a success_n or_o wax_v faint_a through_o cold_a fortune_n the_o kingdom_n receive_v loss_n and_o the_o enemy_n get_v advantage_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o sequel_n of_o this_o great_a preparation_n chap._n xxix_o the_o cavalry_n of_o the_o gall_n do_v set_v upon_o the_o roman_a army_n and_o be_v beat_v while_o these_o thing_n be_v a_o do_v caesar_n the_o enemy_n force_n and_o the_o horseman_n that_o be_v command_v to_o be_v levy_v in_o all_o gallia_n meet_v together_o and_o come_v out_o of_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o arverni_n a_o great_a number_n of_o these_o be_v gather_v together_o as_o caesar_n march_v against_o the_o sequani_n by_o the_o border_n of_o the_o lingones_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v the_o easy_o relieve_v the_o province_n vercingetorix_n sit_v down_o about_o ten_o mile_n from_o the_o roman_n in_o three_o several_a camp_n and_o call_v the_o captain_n and_o colonel_n of_o horse_n to_o counsel_n he_o tell_v they_o that_o the_o time_n of_o victory_n be_v now_o come_v for_o the_o roman_n leave_v gallia_n and_o flee_v into_o the_o province_n which_o be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o obtain_n of_o their_o present_a liberty_n but_o avail_v little_a for_o the_o peace_n and_o quiet_a of_o future_a time_n forasmuch_o as_o the_o roman_n do_v not_o purpose_n to_o make_v a_o end_n of_o the_o war_n but_o to_o return_v again_o with_o great_a force_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o set_v upon_o they_o in_o their_o march_n ladâ—â—_n with_o carriage_n if_o the_o foot_n do_v assist_v their_o horse_n than_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o make_v any_o way_n or_o proceed_v in_o their_o journey_n but_o if_o which_o he_o hope_v will_v rather_o happen_v forsake_v their_o carriage_n every_o man_n shift_v for_o himself_o they_o will_v depart_v both_o rob_v of_o their_o necessary_n and_o of_o their_o honour_n for_o they_o need_v not_o doubt_v of_o the_o enemy_n horse_n of_o who_o he_o be_v most_o assure_v that_o they_o dare_v not_o go_v out_o from_o among_o the_o foot_n force_n and_o to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v be_v the_o better_o encourage_v he_o will_v draw_v all_o the_o force_n in_o a_o readiness_n out_o of_o the_o camp_n and_o place_v they_o so_o as_o they_o may_v be_v a_o terror_n to_o the_o enemy_n the_o horseman_n cry_v out_o all_o together_o that_o this_o resolution_n may_v be_v strengthen_v with_o a_o holy_a oath_n let_v he_o never_o be_v receive_v under_o any_o roof_n or_o have_v access_n to_o his_o wife_n child_n or_o parent_n that_o do_v not_o twice_o run_v through_o the_o army_n of_o the_o enemy_n the_o thing_n be_v well_o like_v of_o and_o every_o man_n force_v to_o take_v that_o oath_n the_o next_o day_n he_o divide_v his_o cavalry_n into_o three_o part_n two_o army_n show_v themselves_o on_o each_o side_n and_o the_o three_o begin_v to_o make_v stay_n of_o the_o vauward_n which_o be_v know_v caesar_n divide_v his_o horse_n likewise_o into_o three_o part_n and_o send_v they_o to_o make_v head_n against_o the_o enemy_n at_o the_o same_o time_n they_o fight_v in_o all_o part_n the_o army_n stand_v still_o the_o carriage_n be_v receive_v within_o the_o legion_n if_o our_o man_n be_v overcharge_v any_o where_o caesar_n bend_v the_o legion_n that_o way_n which_o do_v both_o hinder_v the_o enemy_n from_o follow_v they_o and_o assure_v our_o man_n of_o hope_n of_o rescue_n at_o length_n the_o german_n have_v possess_v themselves_o of_o a_o hill_n on_o the_o right_a side_n do_v put_v the_o enemy_n from_o their_o place_n and_o follow_v they_o as_o they_o flee_v even_o to_o the_o river_n where_o vercingetorix_n stay_v with_o the_o foot_n company_n and_o slay_v many_o of_o they_o whereupon_o the_o rest_n fear_v lest_o they_o shall_v be_v encompass_v about_o betake_v themselves_o to_o flight_n execution_n be_v do_v in_o all_o place_n three_o of_o the_o nobility_n of_o the_o hedui_n be_v take_v and_o bring_v to_o caesar_n cotus_n the_o general_n of_o the_o horse_n who_o at_o the_o last_o election_n of_o magistrate_n stand_v in_o controversy_n with_o convictolitanis_n and_o cavarillus_n who_o after_o the_o revolt_n of_o litavicus_n command_v the_o foot_n troop_n and_o eporedorix_n under_o who_o command_n before_o caesar_n come_v into_o gallia_n the_o hedui_n make_v war_n with_o the_o sequani_n all_o the_o cavalry_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n vercingetorix_n draw_v in_o his_o force_n which_o he_o have_v imbattel_v before_o his_o camp_n and_o immediate_o after_o begin_v to_o march_v towards_o alesia_n a_o town_n of_o the_o mandubii_fw-la command_v the_o baggage_n to_o be_v speedy_o bring_v out_o of_o the_o camp_n and_o to_o follow_v he_o caesar_n have_v convey_v his_o carriage_n to_o the_o next_o hill_n under_o the_o custody_n of_o two_o legion_n he_o follow_v the_o enemy_n as_o long_o as_o the_o day_n will_v give_v he_o leave_v and_o have_v slay_v some_o three_o thousand_o of_o the_o rearward_n the_o next_o day_n follow_v he_o encamp_v at_o alesia_n observation_n the_o gall_n be_v much_o strong_a than_o the_o roman_n in_o cavalry_n war_n both_o according_a to_o quantity_n and_o quality_n but_o the_o roman_a infantry_n be_v great_a in_o virtue_n and_o worth_n than_o any_o foot_n force_n of_o the_o gall_n notwithstanding_o their_o inequality_n in_o number_n which_o show_v that_o the_o roman_n do_v more_o rely_v upon_o their_o legionary_a soldier_n then_o upon_o their_o equites_fw-la and_o may_v serve_v for_o a_o argument_n in_o the_o handle_n of_o that_o question_n which_o be_v so_o much_o debate_v among_o man_n of_o war_n whether_o the_o horse_n or_o the_o foot_n company_n be_v of_o great_a importance_n in_o the_o carriage_n of_o a_o war_n which_o indeed_o be_v a_o question_n à _fw-fr male_a dâ—visis_fw-la be_v both_o so_o necessary_a for_o the_o perfect_a execution_n of_o martial_a purpose_n as_o they_o can_v well_o be_v disjoin_v and_o if_o we_o look_v particular_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o their_o several_a service_n we_o shall_v easy_o discern_v the_o difference_n and_o be_v able_a to_o judge_v of_o the_o validity_n of_o their_o part_n wherein_o first_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v horseman_n but_o that_o foot_n company_n be_v serviceable_a to_o more_o purpose_n than_o troop_n of_o horse_n for_o the_o horseman_n be_v of_o no_o use_n but_o in_o open_a and_o champain_n place_n whereas_o footman_n be_v not_o only_o of_o importance_n in_o fielden_a couâ—treys_n but_o be_v necessary_a also_o in_o mountainous_a or_o woodie_a place_n in_o valley_n in_o ditch_n
in_o siege_n and_o in_o all_o other_o part_n of_o what_o site_n or_o nature_n soever_o where_o the_o horseman_n can_v show_v themselves_o whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o infantry_n extend_v its_o service_n to_o more_o purpose_n then_o the_o cavalry_n and_o make_v the_o war_n complete_a which_o otherwise_o will_v prove_v lame_a and_o uneffectual_a touch_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o business_n when_o it_o come_v to_o a_o day_n of_o battle_n footman_n it_o rest_v for_o the_o most_o part_n upon_o the_o foot_n troop_n for_o the_o horseman_n be_v profitable_a to_o the_o army_n wherein_o they_o serve_v by_o make_v discovery_n by_o harry_v the_o enemy_n country_n horseman_n by_o give_v succour_n or_o rescue_v upon_o a_o sudden_a by_o do_v execution_n upon_o a_o overthrow_n and_o by_o confront_v the_o enemy_n horse_n but_o these_o be_v but_o as_o second_v service_n and_o fall_v short_a of_o the_o main_a stroke_n which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v give_v by_o the_o footman_n neither_o do_v a_o rout_n give_v to_o the_o cavalry_n serve_v a_o army_n royal_a concern_v the_o body_n of_o that_o army_n further_o than_o the_o service_n before_o mention_v but_o the_o army_n do_v oftentimes_o go_v on_o notwithstanding_o and_o may_v well_o achieve_v a_o happy_a victory_n whereas_o upon_o the_o overthrow_n of_o the_o infantry_n the_o horseman_n have_v nothing_o to_o do_v but_o to_o shift_v for_o themselves_o and_o get_v away_o to_o their_o own_o home_n so_o that_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o foot_n company_n be_v the_o bulk_n and_o body_n of_o the_o army_n and_o the_o horse_n as_o the_o arm_n and_o outward_a part_n have_v expedient_a and_o necessary_a office_n but_o always_o subordinate_a to_o the_o main_a stroke_n give_v by_o the_o foot_n if_o any_o man_n look_v for_o proof_n hereof_o by_o example_n he_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o seek_v further_o than_o the_o roman_n be_v master_n of_o the_o art_n military_a who_o by_o a_o ancient_a law_n interdict_v the_o dictator_n to_o have_v the_o use_n of_o a_o horse_n in_o the_o war_n for_o his_o private_a case_n why_o intimate_v as_o plutarch_n say_v the_o strength_n of_o their_o army_n to_o consist_v in_o their_o footman_n which_o the_o general_n in_o a_o day_n of_o battle_n shall_v assist_v with_o his_o presence_n and_o in_o no_o wise_n forsake_v they_o if_o he_o will_v but_o touch_v the_o use_n of_o war_n among_o they_o their_o equites_fw-la be_v so_o far_o short_a of_o the_o service_n perform_v by_o their_o foot_n troop_n that_o when_o they_o will_v stand_v to_o it_o indeed_o they_o forsake_v their_o horse_n and_o fight_v on_o foot_n as_o in_o the_o battle_n with_o the_o latin_n at_o the_o lake_n regillus_n which_o i_o have_v already_o mention_v in_o my_o former_a observation_n neither_o be_v the_o roman_n tood_v horseman_n as_o it_o seem_v by_o caesar_n for_o he_o take_v the_o horse_n from_o the_o tribune_n and_o the_o roman_a equites_fw-la and_o give_v they_o to_o the_o german_n as_o better_a rutter_n than_o any_o roman_n but_o howsoever_o a_o state_n that_o abound_v in_o horse_n and_o trust_v more_o in_o they_o then_o in_o foot_n company_n may_v harry_v a_o champain_n country_n but_o shall_v never_o be_v able_a to_o follow_v a_o war_n with_o that_o strength_n as_o be_v requisite_a to_o make_v it_o fortunate_a chap._n xxx_o caesar_n besiege_v alesia_n and_o fight_v with_o the_o enemy_n cavalry_n caesar_n have_v view_v the_o site_n of_o the_o town_n caesar_n and_o know_v the_o enemy_n to_o be_v much_o trouble_v for_o the_o overthrow_n of_o their_o horse_n in_o who_o they_o put_v all_o their_o hope_n exhort_v the_o soldier_n to_o take_v a_o little_a pain_n he_o determine_v to_o enclose_v the_o town_n round_o about_o with_o a_o ditch_n and_o a_o rampire_n alesia_n be_v site_v on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o hill_n in_o a_o very_a eminent_a place_n and_o not_o to_o be_v take_v but_o by_o a_o continue_a siege_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o hill_n run_v two_o river_n on_o each_o side_n of_o the_o town_n before_o the_o town_n there_o lie_v a_o plain_a of_o three_o mile_n in_o length_n the_o other_o side_n be_v enclose_v round_o about_o in_o a_o reasonable_a distance_n with_o hill_n of_o equal_a height_n with_o the_o town_n under_o the_o wall_n on_o the_o east_n side_n lie_v all_o the_o force_n of_o the_o gall_n have_v draw_v a_o ditch_n and_o a_o dry_a wall_n on_o that_o part_n of_o eight_o foot_n in_o height_n the_o whole_a circuit_n of_o the_o work_n which_o the_o roman_n make_v to_o enclose_v the_o town_n about_o contain_v eleven_o mile_n their_o camp_n be_v site_v in_o a_o convenient_a place_n where_o there_o be_v make_v three_o and_o twenty_o castle_n which_o in_o the_o day_n time_n be_v keep_v by_o garrison_n to_o prevent_v any_o sudden_a attempt_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o in_o the_o night_n by_o strong_a watch_n the_o work_n be_v begin_v there_o happen_v a_o skirmish_n between_o the_o cavalry_n of_o both_o side_n in_o that_o plain_n which_o lie_v before_o the_o town_n of_o three_o mile_n in_o length_n they_o fight_v eager_o on_o both_o side_n our_o man_n be_v overcharge_v caesar_n send_v the_o german_n to_o second_v they_o and_o set_v the_o legion_n before_o the_o camp_n lest_o there_o may_v happen_v any_o sudden_a sally_n by_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o enemy_n upon_o the_o safeguard_n of_o the_o legion_n our_o man_n take_v courage_n the_o enemy_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n and_o be_v many_o in_o number_n one_o hinder_v another_o and_o stick_v in_o heap_n in_o the_o straight_a passage_n of_o their_o gate_n the_o german_n follow_v they_o close_o to_o their_o fortification_n and_o make_v a_o great_a execution_n among_o they_o many_o of_o they_o forsake_v their_o horse_n attempt_v to_o leap_v the_o ditch_n and_o to_o climb_v over_o the_o dry_a wall_n caesar_n command_v the_o legion_n imbattel_v before_o the_o camp_n to_o advance_v a_o little_a forward_o the_o gall_n that_o be_v within_o the_o fortification_n be_v no_o little_a trouble_v for_o think_v the_o enemy_n will_v present_o have_v come_v unto_o they_o they_o make_v a_o alarm_n some_o be_v so_o fright_v that_o they_o break_v into_o the_o town_n vercingetorix_n command_v the_o gate_n to_o be_v shut_v lest_o the_o camp_n shall_v be_v leave_v naked_a of_o defendant_n many_o of_o the_o enemy_n be_v slay_v and_o very_o many_o horse_n take_v the_o german_n fall_v off_o and_o return_v to_o caesar_n observation_n forasmuch_o as_o casualty_n and_o chance_n have_v oftentimes_o the_o prerogative_n of_o a_o service_n condition_n and_o in_o misdeem_v opinion_n do_v carry_v away_o the_o honour_n from_o virtue_n and_o valour_n the_o first_o trial_n of_o a_o fortune_n be_v not_o of_o that_o assurance_n nor_o so_o much_o to_o be_v trust_v as_o when_o it_o be_v second_v again_o with_o the_o like_a effect_n for_o when_o a_o matter_n by_o often_o trial_n fall_v out_o to_o be_v of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o quality_n it_o show_v a_o certainty_n of_o a_o cause_n produce_v end_n of_o like_a condition_n the_o gall_n as_o it_o seem_v be_v much_o discourage_v upon_o the_o first_o overthrow_n of_o their_o horse_n in_o who_o they_o so_o much_o believe_v and_o alter_v the_o course_n of_o their_o high_a resolution_n so_o far_o as_o where_o before_o they_o swear_v the_o overthrow_n of_o the_o roman_n they_o be_v now_o content_a to_o take_v the_o protection_n of_o a_o strong_a town_n but_o this_o second_o foil_n which_o they_o receive_v do_v so_o assure_v they_o of_o a_o hard_a confrontment_n and_o strong_a opposition_n than_o they_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v that_o they_o never_o think_v of_o any_o further_a trial_n but_o be_v content_a to_o go_v away_o loser_n rather_o than_o to_o hazard_v their_o life_n in_o a_o three_o combat_n and_o thus_o when_o a_o second_o event_n back_v a_o former_a fortune_n it_o take_v away_o the_o suspicion_n of_o casualty_n and_o make_v the_o winner_n bold_a and_o the_o loser_n desperate_a pompey_n be_v so_o transport_v with_o joy_n for_o the_o blow_n which_o he_o give_v caesar_n at_o dyrrachium_fw-la that_o he_o send_v letter_n of_o that_o day_n victory_n into_o all_o part_n of_o the_o world_n and_o make_v his_o soldier_n so_o secure_a touch_v the_o issue_n of_o that_o war_n ut_fw-la non_fw-la de_fw-la ratione_fw-la belli_fw-la cogitarent_fw-la sed_fw-la vicisse_fw-la jam_fw-la sibi_fw-la viderentur_fw-la that_o they_o never_o think_v how_o the_o war_n be_v to_o be_v carry_v on_o esteem_v themselves_o already_o absolute_a victor_n not_o remember_v as_o caesar_n say_v the_o ordinary_a change_n of_o war_n wherein_o oftentimes_o a_o small_a matter_n either_o of_o a_o false_a suspicion_n or_o of_o a_o sudden_a fright_n or_o some_o other_o accident_n do_v endanger_v a_o army_n which_o the_o enemy_n take_v to_o himself_o perinde_v ac_fw-la si_fw-la virtute_fw-la vicissent_fw-la as_o if_o
congratulation_n of_o they_o that_o have_v escape_v such_o imminent_a danger_n and_o of_o we_o that_o seem_v to_o have_v effect_v such_o great_a matter_n without_o bloodshed_n insomuch_o as_o caesar_n in_o all_o man_n judgement_n reap_v great_a fruit_n of_o his_o accustom_a clemency_n and_o mildness_n and_o his_o counsel_n be_v general_o approve_v of_o by_o all_o man_n the_o observation_n this_o chapter_n contain_v a_o passage_n of_o that_o note_n and_o eminency_n as_o the_o like_a be_v not_o read_v in_o any_o story_n for_o if_o we_o search_v the_o record_n of_o all_o nation_n lucan_n from_o the_o very_a birth_n of_o bellona_n unto_o time_n of_o late_a memory_n it_o will_v no_o where_o else_o appear_v that_o a_o general_n spare_v a_o advantage_n to_o purchase_v a_o victorious_a name_n by_o the_o bloodshed_n and_o ruin_n of_o his_o enemy_n especial_o contrary_a to_o the_o will_n and_o desire_v of_o his_o army_n that_o have_v undergo_v such_o difficulty_n and_o hazard_n to_o give_v a_o end_n to_o that_o war_n contrary_a to_o his_o knowledge_n and_o late_a experience_n of_o the_o mutability_n and_o change_n of_o time_n and_o fortune_n contrary_a to_o the_o sure_a rule_n of_o war_n dolus_fw-la a_o virtus_fw-la quis_fw-la in_o host_n requirit_fw-la valour_n or_o craft_n who_o care_v which_o in_o a_o foe_n and_o contrary_a to_o the_o use_n of_o arm_n which_o be_v always_o bend_v against_o a_o enemy_n to_o subdue_v he_o this_o be_v the_o fruit_n of_o that_o other_o part_n of_o military_a knowledge_n which_o man_n do_v rather_o admire_v then_o attain_v unto_o no_o less_o concern_v the_o honour_n of_o a_o commander_n gladio_fw-la consilio_fw-la superare_fw-la quam_fw-la gladio_fw-la to_o overcome_v by_o counsel_n and_o good_a direction_n rather_o than_o by_o the_o sword_n and_o be_v a_o main_a step_n to_o raise_v he_o to_o the_o empire_n for_o howsoever_o the_o soldier_n to_o prevent_v further_a labour_n stand_v hard_o for_o blood_n gal._n not_o respect_v that_o of_o the_o funuâ—â—â—_n comic_a omnia_fw-la prius_fw-la experiri_fw-la verbis_fw-la quam_fw-la armis_fw-la sapientem_fw-la decet_fw-la a_o wise_a man_n shall_v try_v all_o fair_a word_n before_o he_o bring_v the_o business_n to_o blow_n yet_o if_o caesar_n have_v be_v so_o injurious_a to_o nature_n niâ—â—tas_fw-la as_o to_o have_v leave_v they_o to_o their_o own_o desire_n and_o suffer_v their_o fury_n to_o have_v violate_v the_o law_n of_o humanity_n more_o than_o be_v requisite_a for_o victory_n they_o will_v afterward_o have_v loathe_v themselves_o and_o curse_a their_o sword_n for_o such_o unseasonable_a execution_n and_o may_v be_v doubt_v will_v have_v revenge_v it_o upon_o his_o head_n before_o the_o time_n come_v to_o strike_v the_o fatal_a stroke_n of_o the_o eversion_n of_o that_o state_n caesar_n esteem_v it_o also_o a_o part_n of_o divine_a power_n to_o save_v man_n by_o troop_n according_a to_o that_o of_o seneca_n 26._o haec_fw-la divina_fw-la potentia_fw-la est_fw-la gregatim_fw-la ac_fw-la publicae_fw-la seruare_fw-la it_o be_v a_o divine_a power_n that_o save_v man_n by_o troop_n and_o all_o at_o once_o and_o therefore_o he_o choose_v rather_o to_o displease_v the_o soldier_n for_o the_o present_a 〈◊〉_d then_o to_o lose_v that_o honour_n which_o attend_v the_o spare_n of_o homebred_a blood_n whereof_o foreign_a enemy_n be_v not_o altogether_o so_o capable_a chap._n xxiv_o petreius_n break_v off_o the_o treaty_n and_o new_a swear_v the_o soldier_n to_o the_o party_n afranius_n be_v advertise_v of_o these_o passage_n caesâ—r_n leave_v the_o work_n which_o he_o have_v begin_v and_o withdraw_v himself_o into_o the_o camp_n prepare_v as_o it_o seem_v to_o take_v patient_o whatsoever_o shall_v befall_v he_o but_o petreius_n be_v no_o way_n dismay_v thereat_o for_o have_v arm_v his_o household_n family_n he_o go_v fly_v with_o they_o and_o a_o pratorian_a cohort_n of_o buckler-bearer_n together_o with_o some_o few_o stipendiary_a horse_n of_o the_o barbarous_a people_n who_o he_o be_v wont_a to_o keep_v about_o he_o as_o a_o guard_n to_o his_o person_n and_o come_v sudden_o and_o unlooked_a for_o to_o the_o rampire_n luc._n break_v off_o the_o soldier_n treaty_n thrust_v our_o man_n off_o from_o the_o camp_n kill_v such_o as_o he_o can_v apprehend_v the_o rest_n get_v together_o and_o affright_v at_o the_o suddenness_n of_o the_o danger_n wrap_v their_o coat_n about_o their_o left_a arm_n and_o with_o their_o sword_n draw_v defend_v themselves_o from_o the_o buckler-bearer_n and_o horseman_n and_o trust_v to_o the_o nearness_n and_o propinquity_n of_o their_o camp_n they_o take_v courage_n and_o get_v safe_o thither_o be_v protect_v by_o the_o cohort_n that_o have_v the_o guard_n at_o the_o camp_n gate_n this_o be_v do_v petreius_n weep_v about_o to_o the_o maniple_n call_v the_o soldier_n and_o beseech_v they_o not_o to_o leave_v &_o forsake_v he_o nor_o yet_o pompey_n their_o general_n that_o be_v absent_a nor_o to_o deliver_v they_o over_o to_o the_o cruelty_n of_o their_o adversary_n present_o thereupon_o a_o great_a concourse_n of_o soldier_n be_v about_o the_o praetory_n require_v that_o every_o man_n may_v take_v a_o oath_n not_o to_o abandon_v or_o betray_v the_o army_n or_o their_o general_n nor_o yet_o to_o enter_v into_o private_a consultation_n thereof_o without_o consent_n of_o the_o rest_n he_o himself_o first_o take_v a_o oath_n to_o this_o effect_n and_o cause_v afranius_n to_o take_v the_o same_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o soldier_n and_o centurion_n follow_v in_o order_n and_o after_o they_o the_o soldier_n be_v bring_v out_o according_a to_o their_o century_n and_o be_v swear_v the_o same_o oath_n they_o cause_v it_o also_o to_o be_v proclaim_v 4._o that_o whosoever_o have_v any_o of_o caesar_n soldier_n shall_v cause_v they_o to_o be_v bring_v out_o and_o be_v bring_v forth_o they_o â—lew_v they_o public_o before_o the_o praetorian_a pavilion_n but_o most_o man_n conceal_v such_o as_o be_v with_o they_o and_o in_o the_o night_n time_n send_v they_o out_o over_o the_o rampire_n whereby_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o terror_n wherewith_o the_o general_n have_v affright_v they_o the_o cruelty_n they_o have_v show_v in_o punishment_n together_o with_o the_o vain_a religion_n of_o the_o new_a oath_n have_v take_v away_o all_o hope_n of_o yield_v for_o the_o present_a and_o quite_o change_v the_o soldier_n mind_n have_v reduce_v the_o matter_n to_o the_o former_a course_n of_o war_n caesar_n for_o his_o part_n 4._o cause_v diligent_a inquiry_n to_o be_v make_v of_o such_o soldier_n as_o come_v into_o his_o camp_n during_o the_o time_n of_o the_o treaty_n and_o send_v they_o away_o in_o safety_n but_o of_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o soldier_n and_o centurion_n many_o of_o their_o voluntary_a accord_n remain_v with_o he_o who_o afterward_o he_o hold_v in_o great_a honour_n and_o advance_v the_o centurion_n and_o such_o roman_a knight_n as_o be_v of_o the_o better_a rank_n to_o the_o place_n and_o dignity_n of_o tribune_n the_o afranians_n be_v sore_o lay_v unto_o in_o their_o forage_n and_o water_v likewise_o with_o great_a difficulty_n many_o of_o the_o legionary_a soldier_n have_v store_n of_o corn_n be_v command_v to_o take_v provision_n with_o they_o from_o herda_n for_o twenty_o two_o day_n but_o the_o buckler-bearer_n and_o auxiliary_a force_n have_v none_o at_o all_o have_v but_o small_a mean_n to_o provide_v and_o furnish_v themselves_o and_o their_o body_n not_o be_v use_v to_o carry_v burden_n for_o which_o cause_n a_o great_a number_n flee_v daily_o to_o caesar_n the_o first_o observation_n that_o every_o man_n be_v the_o maker_n of_o his_o own_o fortune_n be_v evident_o see_v in_o the_o several_a carriage_n of_o these_o two_o general_n for_o afranius_n give_v way_n to_o the_o soldier_n treaty_n and_o resolve_v to_o suffer_v whatsoever_o that_o transaction_n shall_v cast_v upon_o he_o but_o petreius_n oppose_v himself_o to_o their_o desire_n raise_v new_a trouble_n have_v further_a design_n and_o another_o fortune_n wherein_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o event_n of_o thing_n rise_v according_a as_o they_o be_v first_o direct_v either_o by_o weak_a or_o strong_a resolution_n it_o better_o suit_v the_o temper_n of_o soldier_n howsoever_o the_o success_n fall_v out_o with_o our_o desire_n rather_o to_o be_v stiff_o in_o what_o he_o wish_v then_o to_o make_v his_o own_o easiness_n the_o ready_a mean_n of_o his_o adversary_n happiness_n the_o second_o observation_n virtue_n at_o all_o time_n have_v have_v this_o privilege_n in_o the_o difference_n and_o degree_n of_o state_n and_o condition_n to_o make_v a_o noble_a man_n word_n equal_a to_o a_o common_a man_n oath_n but_o the_o integrity_n of_o former_a age_n have_v a_o more_o general_a prerogative_n avouch_v every_o man_n promise_n for_o the_o strictness_n a_o oath_n 538._o hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o roman_n upon_o their_o inrollment_n for_o a_o war_n give_v but_o their_o promise_n to_o
the_o next_o year_n and_o that_o the_o rather_o because_o his_o adversary_n proud_o make_v their_o brag_n that_o l._n lentulus_n and_o c._n marcellus_n be_v create_v consul_n to_o deprive_v caesar_n of_o all_o honour_n and_o authority_n and_o that_o the_o consulship_n be_v wrest_v from_o sergius_n galba_n though_o he_o have_v more_o voice_n on_o his_o side_n because_o he_o be_v a_o familiar_a friend_n of_o caesar_n and_o have_v be_v engage_v unto_o he_o as_o his_o legate_n caesar_n at_o his_o come_n among_o the_o municipal_a town_n be_v entertain_v with_o extraordinary_a affection_n and_o respect_n that_o be_v his_o first_o come_v from_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n nothing_o be_v omit_v that_o can_v be_v devise_v for_o the_o deck_v and_o adorn_v of_o their_o gate_n way_n and_o place_n where_o caesar_n shall_v pass_v all_o the_o people_n come_v forth_o with_o their_o child_n to_o meet_v he_o by_o the_o way_n sacrifice_n be_v every_o where_o offer_v the_o temple_n and_o market-place_n be_v hang_v with_o clothes_n of_o tapestry_n so_o that_o a_o man_n will_v have_v think_v by_o the_o expression_n of_o joy_n there_o have_v be_v some_o great_a triumph_n expect_v and_o provide_v for_o so_o great_a costlinesse_n be_v among_o the_o rich_a sort_n and_o such_o hearty_a expression_n among_o the_o mean_a sort_n when_o caesar_n have_v light_o pass_v through_o all_o the_o country_n of_o gallia_n togata_fw-la he_o return_v with_o all_o speed_n to_o his_o army_n at_o nemetocenna_n and_o call_v all_o his_o legion_n out_o of_o their_o winter-quarter_n into_o the_o country_n of_o the_o treviri_n he_o go_v thither_o and_o there_o muster_v they_o t._n labienus_n he_o make_v governor_n of_o gallia_n togata_fw-la thereby_o to_o get_v himself_o the_o more_o favour_n and_o furtherance_n in_o his_o suit_n for_o the_o consulship_n he_o himself_o remove_v from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o according_a as_o he_o find_v it_o necessary_a for_o health_n and_o albeit_o he_o hear_v oftentimes_o that_o labienus_n be_v solicit_v strong_o by_o his_o enemy_n and_o be_v also_o advertise_v how_o it_o be_v carry_v on_o by_o a_o small_a faction_n at_o rome_n to_o take_v away_o part_n of_o his_o army_n from_o he_o by_o a_o decree_n of_o the_o senate_n yet_o notwithstanding_o he_o neither_o give_v credit_n to_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v report_v of_o labienus_n nor_o will_v be_v draw_v to_o do_v any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o senate_n for_o he_o believe_v that_o if_o the_o senator_n may_v give_v their_o voice_n free_o he_o shall_v easy_o obtain_v his_o purpose_n for_o c._n curio_n tribune_n of_o the_o people_n who_o have_v take_v upon_o he_o the_o defence_n of_o caesar_n cause_n and_o dignity_n have_v oftentimes_o propound_v to_o the_o senate_n that_o if_o the_o fear_n of_o caesar_n army_n prejudice_v any_o man_n and_o see_v that_o the_o authority_n and_o power_n of_o pompey_n do_v not_o a_o little_a keep_v the_o court_n in_o awe_n that_o both_o of_o they_o may_v lay_v down_o their_o arm_n and_o dismiss_v their_o army_n and_o so_o shall_v the_o city_n be_v at_o liberty_n to_o use_v she_o own_o right_a as_o she_o please_v this_o he_o not_o only_o propound_v but_o begin_v to_o divide_v the_o senate_n about_o it_o which_o the_o consul_n and_o the_o friend_n of_o pompey_n command_v shall_v not_o be_v do_v and_o so_o rule_v the_o matter_n as_o they_o list_v they_o depart_v this_o be_v a_o great_a testimony_n of_o the_o whole_a senate_n and_o agreeable_a to_o their_o former_a act_n for_o marcellus_n the_o year_n before_o oppose_v caesar_n dignity_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o pompey_n and_o crassus_n and_o have_v put_v up_o a_o bill_n to_o the_o senate_n for_o the_o discharge_n of_o caesar_n before_o the_o time_n of_o his_o commission_n be_v expire_v when_o they_o have_v give_v their_o voice_n marcellus_n who_o seek_v all_o his_o honour_n by_o work_a spite_n against_o caesar_n depart_v aside_o and_o the_o senate_n fall_v all_o of_o they_o quite_o upon_o other_o matter_n this_o do_v not_o at_o all_o daunt_v the_o spirit_n of_o caesar_n enemy_n but_o rather_o stir_v they_o up_o to_o strengthen_v their_o party_n and_o thereby_o to_o compel_v the_o senate_n to_o approve_v of_o that_o which_o they_o have_v determine_v hereupon_o a_o decree_n be_v make_v that_o cneius_n pompeius_n shall_v send_v one_o legion_n and_o caesar_n another_o to_o the_o war_n against_o the_o parthian_n but_o it_o be_v easy_o discern_v that_o both_o these_o legion_n be_v take_v from_o caesar_n for_o the_o first_o legion_n which_o cneius_n pompeius_n have_v send_v unto_o caesar_n levy_v in_o the_o province_n he_o give_v unto_o caesar_n as_o one_o of_o his_o own_o number_n nevertheless_o albeit_o that_o no_o man_n need_v doubt_v but_o that_o caesar_n be_v spoil_v at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o his_o enemy_n yet_o he_o send_v pompey_n his_o legion_n again_o and_o of_o his_o own_o force_n he_o order_v the_o fifteen_o legion_n which_o he_o have_v in_o the_o hither_o gallia_n to_o be_v deliver_v to_o he_o according_a to_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o senate_n in_o the_o room_n whereof_o he_o send_v the_o thirteen_o legion_n into_o italy_n to_o lie_v in_o garrison_n in_o the_o same_o place_n from_o whence_o the_o fifteen_o be_v draw_v then_o he_o distribute_v his_o army_n into_o winter-quarter_n c._n trebonius_n with_o four_o legion_n he_o place_v in_o belgium_n c._n fabius_n with_o as_o many_o among_o the_o hedui_n for_o this_o he_o think_v will_v be_v the_o best_a way_n to_o keep_v gallia_n in_o most_o safety_n and_o quiet_a if_o the_o belgae_n who_o be_v the_o most_o valorous_a and_o the_o hedui_n who_o be_v of_o most_o authority_n have_v force_n quarter_v among_o they_o to_o keep_v they_o in_o obedience_n this_o do_v he_o take_v his_o journey_n into_o italy_n when_o he_o come_v thither_o he_o understand_v that_o the_o two_o legion_n which_o he_o have_v dismiss_v which_o by_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o senate_n shall_v have_v be_v employ_v in_o the_o parthian_a war_n be_v by_o c._n marcellus_n the_o consul_n deliver_v to_o pompey_n and_o keep_v still_o in_o italy_n although_o by_o this_o deal_n it_o be_v evident_a to_o all_o the_o world_n what_o be_v intend_v against_o caesar_n yet_o caesar_n determine_v to_o take_v all_o thing_n patient_o as_o long_o as_o he_o have_v any_o hope_n leave_v to_o decide_v the_o controversy_n rather_o by_o the_o law_n then_o by_o the_o sword_n observation_n upon_o the_o eight_o commentary_n of_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n some_o attribute_n the_o so_o frequent_a revolt_n of_o the_o gall_n to_o their_o changeable_a and_o impatient_a humour_n which_o can_v endure_v to_o be_v lord_v over_o by_o stranger_n and_o other_o to_o the_o too_o great_a clemency_n of_o caesar_n i_o grant_v that_o clemency_n apt_a to_o pardon_n embolden_v to_o revolt_v for_o that_o we_o easy_o forget_v all_o benefit_n which_o do_v not_o entire_o establish_v our_o liberty_n but_o if_o cruelty_n cause_v they_o less_o frequent_a yet_o it_o render_v they_o more_o dangerous_a for_o that_o when_o despair_n drive_v man_n thereunto_o and_o that_o the_o hope_n of_o safety_n rest_v only_o in_o voctory_n the_o revolt_a become_v all_o valiant_a obstinate_a constant_a and_o faithful_a to_o the_o end_n which_o never_o fall_v out_o where_o there_o be_v hope_n of_o the_o enemy_n clemency_n we_o have_v here_o plentiful_a example_n thereof_o caesar_n in_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o revolt_n of_o the_o gall_n have_v often_o find_v great_a facility_n to_o reduce_v they_o to_o his_o obedience_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o clemency_n which_o have_v be_v a_o powerful_a mean_n for_o he_o to_o make_v division_n among_o themselves_o and_o to_o prevent_v obstinacy_n in_o their_o revolt_n and_o if_o sometime_o it_o have_v so_o happen_v that_o he_o have_v use_v severity_n it_o have_v be_v occasion_v by_o fowl_n and_o unworthy_a act_n as_o when_o the_o veneti_n under_o public_a faith_n imprison_v the_o roman_a officer_n which_o come_v to_o they_o to_o buy_v corn_n for_o the_o sustenance_n of_o the_o army_n but_o i_o can_v excuse_v that_o of_o uxellodunum_n on_o the_o contrary_a the_o cruelty_n of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n execute_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o alva_n drive_v poor_a fisherman_n so_o into_o despair_n that_o they_o have_v shake_v off_o his_o insupportable_a yoke_n and_o with_o a_o admirable_a constancy_n have_v maintain_v and_o enrich_v themselves_o and_o be_v grow_v so_o potent_a as_o that_o they_o be_v able_a to_o resist_v he_o by_o land_n and_o by_o sea_n take_v from_o he_o his_o treasure_n in_o the_o indies_n caesar_n show_v we_o also_o by_o his_o care_n and_o industry_n to_o get_v intelligence_n of_o the_o enemy_n proceed_n whether_o by_o take_v prisoner_n in_o the_o field_n or_o by_o have_v good_a spy_n the_o advantage_n which_o may_v be_v make_v thereof_o many_o
the_o province_n which_o be_v speedy_o dispatch_v as_o soon_o as_o the_o time_n of_o the_o year_n will_v permit_v he_o he_o come_v into_o gallia_n the_o veneti_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o confederacy_n understand_v of_o caesar_n arrival_n and_o consider_v how_o heinous_a a_o fact_n they_o have_v commit_v in_o detain_v the_o ambassador_n and_o cast_v they_o into_o iron_n who_o name_n be_v hold_v sacred_a and_o inviolable_a among_o all_o nation_n prepare_v according_o to_o answer_v so_o eminent_a a_o danger_n and_o especial_o such_o necessary_n as_o pertain_v to_o ship_v and_o sea-fight_n the_o observation_n from_o hence_o i_o may_v take_v occasion_n brief_o to_o touch_v the_o reverend_a opinion_n which_o all_o nation_n ambassador_n how_o barbarous_a soever_o have_v general_o conceive_v of_o the_o quality_n and_o condition_n of_o ambassador_n and_o what_o the_o ground_n be_v of_o this_o universal_o receive_v custom_n which_o in_o all_o age_n and_o time_n have_v hold_v authentical_a and_o first_o we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o all_o mankind_n as_o endue_v with_o the_o same_o nature_n and_o property_n be_v so_o link_v together_o in_o the_o strict_a alliance_n of_o humane_a society_n that_o albeit_o their_o turbulent_a and_o disagree_a passion_n which_o in_o themselves_o be_v unnatural_a as_o proceed_v from_o corruption_n and_o defect_n drive_v they_o into_o extreme_a discord_n and_o disunion_n of_o spirit_n and_o break_v the_o bond_n of_o civil_a conversation_n which_o otherwise_o we_o do_v natural_o affect_v yet_o without_o a_o necessary_a intercourse_n and_o traffic_n of_o society_n we_o be_v not_o able_a to_o keep_v on_o foot_n the_o very_a discord_n itself_o in_o term_n of_o reason_n and_o orderly_a proceed_n but_o all_o part_n will_v be_v blend_v with_o disorder_a confusion_n and_o go_v to_o wrack_n for_o want_v of_o these_o mutual_a office_n perform_v by_o messenger_n so_o straight_o be_v the_o bond_n of_o nature_n and_o so_o powerful_a be_v the_o law_n which_o she_o enact_v and_o therefore_o if_o it_o be_v for_o no_o other_o end_n which_o may_v sort_v to_o the_o benefit_n of_o either_o party_n as_o there_o be_v many_o good_a use_n thereof_o yet_o to_o hold_v up_o the_o quarrel_n and_o keep_v it_o from_o fall_v make_v war_n according_a to_o the_o ground_n of_o reason_n the_o intercourse_n of_o messenger_n be_v not_o to_o be_v interrupt_v nor_o their_o person_n to_o be_v touch_v with_o hateful_a violence_n but_o that_o which_o the_o common_a reason_n of_o nation_n have_v madâ—_n a_o law_n aught_o as_o religious_o to_o be_v observe_v as_o a_o oracle_n of_o our_o own_o belief_n second_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o end_n of_o war_n be_v or_o at_o the_o least_o shall_v be_v peace_n which_o by_o treaty_n of_o mutual_a messenger_n be_v principal_o to_o be_v confirm_v to_o the_o end_n that_o no_o people_n may_v seem_v so_o barbarous_a as_o to_o maintain_v a_o war_n which_o only_o intend_v blood_n and_o propose_v as_o the_o chief_a object_n the_o death_n and_o mortality_n of_o mankind_n no_o way_n respect_v peace_n and_o civil_a government_n such_o as_o refuse_v the_o intercourse_n of_o messenger_n as_o the_o mean_n of_o amity_n and_o concord_n be_v just_o condemn_v in_o the_o judgement_n of_o all_o nation_n as_o unworthy_a of_o humane_a society_n last_o of_o all_o it_o be_v a_o injury_n of_o great_a dishonour_n and_o deserve_v the_o reward_n of_o extreme_a infamy_n to_o revenge_v the_o master_n his_o quarrel_n upon_o a_o servant_n and_o punish_v ambassador_n for_o the_o fault_n of_o their_o state_n consider_v that_o their_o chief_a duty_n consist_v in_o the_o faithful_a relation_n of_o such_o mandate_n as_o they_o have_v receive_v which_o may_v as_o well_o tend_v to_o the_o advancement_n and_o honour_n of_o that_o city_n to_o which_o they_o be_v send_v as_o to_o the_o dishonour_n and_o ruin_n of_o the_o same_o whereof_o the_o messenger_n take_v no_o notice_n and_o therefore_o whether_o we_o desire_v war_n or_o peace_n the_o free_a liberty_n &_o holy_a order_n of_o ambassador_n be_v reverent_o to_o be_v respect_v and_o defend_v from_o brutish_a and_o unnatural_a violence_n chap._n v._n the_o proceed_n of_o either_o party_n in_o the_o entrance_n of_o this_o war_n the_o veneti_n conceive_v great_a hope_n of_o their_o enterprise_n caesar_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o strength_n of_o their_o situation_n forasmuch_o as_o all_o the_o passage_n by_o land_n be_v break_v and_o cut_v off_o with_o arm_n and_o creek_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n navigation_n and_o entrance_n by_o sea_n be_v so_o troublesome_a and_o dangerous_a in_o that_o the_o roman_n be_v altogether_o unacquainted_a with_o the_o channel_n and_o shelf_n of_o the_o coast_n and_o there_o be_v so_o few_o port_n neither_o do_v they_o think_v that_o the_o roman_a army_n can_v long_o continue_v there_o without_o corn_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v have_v in_o those_o quarter_n and_o if_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o course_n of_o thing_n be_v carry_v contrary_a to_o this_o probable_a expectation_n yet_o they_o themselves_o be_v strong_a in_o ship_v whereas_o the_o roman_n have_v none_o at_o all_o neither_o have_v they_o knowledge_n of_o the_o flat_n and_o shallows_o port_n and_o island_n of_o that_o coast_n where_o they_o be_v to_o fight_v and_o to_o conclude_v they_o shall_v find_v the_o use_n of_o navigation_n in_o that_o narrow_a sea_n to_o be_v far_o different_a from_o that_o which_o they_o be_v accustom_v unto_o in_o the_o vast_a and_o open_a ocean_n in_o this_o resolution_n they_o fortify_v their_o town_n lendriguer_n store_v they_o with_o provision_n lisieux_n and_o bring_v all_o their_o ship_n to_o vannes_n nantes_n against_o who_o caesar_n as_o it_o be_v report_v will_v begin_v to_o make_v war_n be_v take_v the_o osismi_n leâ—â—doâ—â—_n lexovii_n britain_n nannete_n ambialite_n morini_n menapii_n diablintre_n as_o consort_n and_o partaker_n in_o this_o quarrel_n notwithstanding_o these_o difficulty_n many_o motive_n stir_v up_o caesar_n to_o undertake_v this_o war_n as_o namely_o the_o violent_a detain_v of_o the_o roman_a knight_n their_o rebellion_n after_o they_o have_v yield_v themselves_o by_o rendry_a and_o give_v hostage_n of_o their_o loyalty_n the_o conspiracy_n of_o so_o many_o city_n which_o be_v now_o neglect_v may_v afterward_o incite_v other_o nation_n and_o state_n to_o the_o like_a insolency_n and_o therefore_o understand_v that_o almost_o all_o the_o gall_n be_v incline_v to_o novelty_n and_o alteration_n and_o of_o their_o own_o nature_n be_v quick_a and_o ready_a to_o undertake_v a_o war_n and_o further_o consider_v that_o all_o man_n by_o nature_n desire_a liberty_n and_o hate_v the_o servile_a condition_n of_o bondage_n he_o prevent_v all_o further_a insurrection_n of_o the_o other_o state_n with_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o roman_a force_n in_o several_a place_n at_o once_o and_o send_v titus_n labienus_n with_o the_o cavalry_n unto_o the_o trier_n treviri_n that_o border_v upon_o the_o rhine_n to_o he_o he_o give_v in_o charge_n to_o visit_v the_o man_n of_o rheims_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o belgae_n to_o keep_v they_o in_o obedience_n and_o to_o hinder_v such_o force_n as_o may_v peradventure_o be_v transport_v over_o the_o river_n by_o the_o german_n to_o further_o this_o rebellious_a humour_n of_o the_o gall_n he_o command_v likewise_o pub._n crassus_n with_o twelve_o legionary_a cohort_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o horse_n to_o go_v into_o aquitane_n lest_o there_o may_v come_v any_o aid_n from_o those_o nation_n &_o such_o considerable_a force_n join_v together_o he_o send_v also_o q._n titurius_n sabinus_n with_o three_o legion_n unto_o the_o lexovii_n curiosolitae_n and_o unelli_n to_o disappoint_v any_o practice_n which_o rebelliok_n mind_n may_v intend_v and_o make_v d._n brutus_n chief_a admiral_n of_o the_o navy_n &_o of_o those_o french_a ship_n which_o he_o have_v get_v together_o from_o the_o pictones_n santones_n &_o other_o province_n which_o continue_v quiet_a &_o obedient_a he_o give_v he_o in_o charge_n to_o make_v towards_o vannes_n with_o what_o speed_n he_o can_v and_o he_o himself_o march_v thitherward_o with_o the_o foot_n force_n the_o observation_n in_o the_o first_o book_n i_o observe_v the_o authority_n which_o the_o roman_a leader_n have_v to_o undertake_v a_o war_n without_o further_a acquaint_v the_o senate_n with_o the_o consequence_n thereof_o in_o this_o place_n let_v we_o observe_v the_o care_n and_o circumspection_n which_o the_o general_n have_v who_o do_v not_o undertake_v a_o troublesome_a and_o dangerous_a war_n upon_o a_o humour_n or_o any_o other_o flend_a motion_n but_o diligent_o weigh_v the_o circumstance_n thereof_o and_o measure_v the_o peril_n and_o hazard_n of_o the_o war_n with_o the_o good_a and_o consequence_n of_o the_o effect_n inform_v their_o judgement_n of_o the_o importance_n of_o that_o action_n and_o so_o try_v whether_o the_o benefit_n will_v answer_v their_o