principal_a proof_n it_o contain_v shall_v be_v full_o confute_v by_o the_o follow_a article_n where_o we_o shall_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v many_o ratiocination_n which_o be_v make_v without_o deliberation_n and_o that_o the_o other_o two_o have_v be_v examine_v here_o before_o we_o have_v show_v that_o we_o may_v reason_v without_o make_v use_n of_o any_o universal_a notion_n and_o that_o the_o imagination_n although_o it_o know_v nothing_o without_o phantasm_n yet_o it_o form_n phantasm_n which_o be_v not_o express_v in_o those_o image_n which_o the_o exterior_a sense_n furnish_v it_o withal_o such_o as_o be_v the_o union_n or_o the_o division_n and_o those_o species_n which_o the_o school_n call_v non_fw-la sensatas_fw-la as_o to_o be_v good_a or_o ill_a friend_n or_o enemy_n and_o other_o such_o like_a for_o from_o thence_o it_o follow_v that_o that_o faculty_n which_o reason_n do_v always_o something_o anew_o by_o unite_n or_o separate_a term_n and_o thing_n which_o she_o know_v not_o before_o in_o that_o condition_n neither_o for_o all_o this_o can_v any_o infer_v that_o the_o imagination_n which_o do_v all_o those_o thing_n be_v independent_a from_o its_o organ_n otherwise_o we_o must_v say_v that_o she_o know_v neither_o what_o be_v good_a or_o ill_a friend_n or_o foe_n and_o that_o she_o judge_v not_o of_o thing_n if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o those_o action_n be_v mark_v with_o independency_n chap._n ii_o the_o second_o objection_n of_o the_o deliberation_n which_o accompany_v ratiocination_n have_v satisfy_v the_o precedent_a objection_n we_o have_v propose_v what_o our_o adversary_n say_v that_o all_o the_o action_n of_o animal_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v most_o reasonable_a may_v proceed_v from_o somewhat_o else_o then_o reason_n and_o that_o nature_n which_o do_v not_o multiply_v cause_n without_o necessity_n shall_v not_o have_v make_v use_n of_o so_o noble_a a_o faculty_n for_o the_o conduct_n of_o beast_n since_o those_o which_o be_v more_o proper_a and_o as_o it_o be_v domestic_a may_v alone_o have_v satisfy_v thereunto_o for_o all_o what_o appear_v most_o wonderful_a in_o their_o action_n may_v and_o aught_o to_o have_v reference_n either_o to_o instinct_n memory_n or_o custom_n whereunto_o we_o have_v answer_v that_o with_o they_o we_o acknowledge_v all_o these_o cause_n but_o that_o we_o believe_v that_o they_o do_v not_o exclude_v reason_n and_o that_o all_o action_n which_o beast_n perform_v out_o of_o custom_n instruction_n or_o instinct_n be_v do_v with_o ratiocination_n which_o we_o have_v demonstrate_v in_o pursuit_n of_o our_o first_o book_n but_o because_o m_n c._n have_v force_v we_o to_o change_v this_o order_n we_o have_v employ_v in_o the_o three_o part_n all_o what_o concern_v instruction_n and_o custom_n and_o we_o reserve_v for_o the_o second_o book_n what_o belong_v to_o instinct_n so_o that_o we_o have_v here_o no_o more_o considerable_a objection_n to_o examine_v but_o only_o those_o which_o respect_n the_o deliberation_n and_o the_o language_n of_o beast_n they_o say_v then_o that_o if_o beast_n be_v capable_a of_o reason_n they_o will_v also_o have_v power_n to_o deliberate_v and_o consequent_o they_o must_v needs_o be_v free_a indetermine_v and_o therefore_o endue_v with_o a_o universal_a faculty_n which_o always_o presuppose_v a_o nature_n independent_a from_o the_o matter_n to_o which_o we_o have_v answer_v that_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a that_o to_o reason_n one_o must_v deliberate_a since_o we_o often_o employ_v reason_n where_o there_o be_v no_o place_n for_o deliberation_n forasmuch_o as_o we_o can_v deliberate_v but_o when_o there_o be_v several_a mean_n find_v to_o attain_v some_o end_n and_o that_o we_o have_v the_o liberty_n to_o choose_v which_o we_o please_v that_o therefore_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n that_o beast_n shall_v deliberate_v because_o that_o beside_o that_o most_o common_o they_o have_v but_o one_o way_n to_o attain_v their_o 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it_o will_v not_o belong_v to_o contemplation_n since_o its_o principle_n be_v neither_o necessary_a nor_o unchangeable_a nor_o to_o deliberation_n since_o they_o have_v no_o practical_a end_n as_o aristotle_n understand_v it_o but_o what_o say_v m.c_o it_o be_v aristotle_n himself_o have_v propose_v this_o division_n be_v there_o any_o appearance_n that_o he_o understand_v not_o what_o he_o best_o know_v and_o that_o he_o have_v not_o study_v the_o nature_n and_o condition_n of_o ratiocination_n we_o shall_v never_o be_v trouble_v with_o this_o thought_n and_o we_o know_v that_o in_o his_o work_n wherein_o he_o shall_v have_v examine_v the_o nature_n of_o ratiocination_n to_o the_o bottom_n he_o have_v very_o well_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o he_o have_v a_o perfect_a knowledge_n thereof_o but_o we_o also_o know_v that_o he_o have_v not_o equal_o everywhere_o treat_v of_o thing_n and_o that_o there_o be_v place_n where_o he_o have_v examine_v they_o with_o all_o subtlety_n and_o with_o all_o the_o delicacy_n of_o science_n and_o other_o wherein_o he_o have_v speak_v but_o superficial_o and_o in_o most_o common_a notion_n it_o be_v what_o he_o say_v at_o the_o entry_n of_o his_o moral_n where_o he_o advertise_v the_o reader_n that_o in_o two_o sort_n of_o discourse_n he_o must_v not_o require_v a_o exact_a perquisition_n of_o thing_n but_o only_o that_o which_o belong_v to_o the_o subject_n we_o treat_v and_o that_o his_o design_n be_v gross_o and_o superficial_o to_o touch_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o matter_n which_o ought_v to_o enter_v into_o this_o work_n after_o have_v so_o clear_o explicate_v himself_o be_v it_o handsome_a for_o m._n c._n in_o the_o dispute_n we_o have_v where_o it_o be_v in_o question_n punctual_o to_o observe_v the_o nature_n and_o condition_n of_o discourse_n to_o use_v those_o passage_n of_o the_o work_n wherein_o the_o author_n himself_o protest_v he_o ought_v not_o to_o speak_v exact_o of_o thing_n beside_o aristotle_n make_v not_o this_o division_n and_o be_v
and_o more_o satisfy_a answer_n to_o all_o the_o objection_n you_o can_v make_v you_o shall_v find_v they_o in_o this_o follow_a discourse_n so_o that_o after_o reflection_n and_o deliberation_n we_o can_v never_o deny_v reason_n to_o beast_n lest_o we_o condemn_v ourselves_o for_o want_n of_o common_a sense_n let_v we_o therefore_o rather_o improve_v our_o intellectual_a faculty_n by_o subdue_a the_o sensual_a and_o thereby_o make_v that_o essential_a difference_n appear_v whereby_o at_o last_o we_o may_v attain_v to_o that_o knowledge_n of_o ourselves_o which_o as_o it_o be_v the_o author_n so_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v our_o chief_a end_n t._n n._n a_o discourse_n of_o the_o knowledge_n of_o animal_n the_o introduction_n it_o be_v strange_a that_o man_n who_o believe_v himself_o nature_n masterpiece_n and_o that_o it_o be_v his_o right_n to_o command_v all_o that_o be_v in_o the_o universe_n shall_v not_o have_v inform_v himself_o of_o that_o title_n which_o give_v he_o these_o advantage_n and_o that_o he_o know_v not_o wherein_o the_o excellency_n consist_v wherewith_o he_o flatter_v himself_o not_o whereon_o the_o sovereignty_n he_o claim_v be_v found_v and_o what_o be_v the_o more_o wonderful_a be_v that_o he_o who_o have_v give_v himself_o the_o liberty_n to_o assign_v to_o every_o thing_n the_o rank_n and_o order_n which_o they_o ought_v to_o hold_v in_o the_o world_n and_o to_o prescribe_v they_o the_o function_n they_o be_v to_o exercise_v shall_v have_v forget_v himself_o in_o this_o general_a distribution_n which_o he_o have_v make_v have_v reserve_v for_o himself_o no_o employment_n worthy_a of_o his_o ambition_n or_o of_o the_o quality_n he_o have_v take_v for_o although_o he_o boast_v that_o he_o have_v reason_n for_o his_o portion_n and_o that_o he_o believe_v it_o belong_v to_o he_o in_o propriety_n and_o that_o it_o give_v he_o the_o sovereign_a command_n over_o all_o creature_n yet_o have_v he_o so_o ill_o explain_v himself_o therein_o and_o so_o weak_o maintain_v the_o right_n which_o may_v be_v he_o that_o in_o all_o age_n there_o have_v live_v very_o great_a philosopher_n who_o have_v assure_v that_o beast_n have_v reason_n so_o that_o even_o there_o have_v be_v time_n wherein_o it_o be_v hardly_o permit_v to_o doubt_v it_o and_o that_o since_o the_o contrary_n have_v creep_v into_o the_o school_n the_o most_o clear-sighted_a have_v hold_v it_o as_o suspect_v and_o the_o most_o moderate_a have_v rank_v it_o among_o those_o question_n which_o may_v be_v maintain_v on_o either_o side_n and_o certain_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o wonderful_a industry_n wherewith_o beast_n perform_v the_o most_o part_n of_o their_o work_n the_o ingenious_a foresight_n they_o use_v to_o shun_v evil_a and_o seek_v what_o be_v useful_a for_o they_o the_o sleight_n and_o nicety_n they_o practise_v the_o one_o against_o the_o other_o the_o society_n and_o the_o communication_n they_o have_v together_o and_o all_o those_o example_n of_o prudence_n of_o gratitude_n and_o of_o generosity_n which_o they_o have_v give_v we_o and_o which_o have_v convince_v such_o great_a person_n it_o be_v impossible_a but_o we_o must_v believe_v or_o at_o least_o suspect_v that_o action_n which_o appear_v so_o reasonable_a can_v but_o be_v manage_v by_o reason_n for_o if_o we_o will_v refer_v they_o to_o instinct_n the_o nature_n thereof_o be_v so_o hide_a that_o there_o be_v no_o likelihood_n to_o destroy_v such_o clear_a and_o strong_a conjecture_n by_o so_o obscure_a and_o ill_o establish_v a_o thing_n and_o which_o perhaps_o if_o it_o be_v well_o know_v will_v be_v find_v nothing_o different_a or_o estrange_v from_o reason_n in_o effect_n whatsoever_o may_v be_v say_v of_o the_o instinct_n it_o must_v either_o be_v a_o exterior_a cause_n which_o force_v animal_n and_o work_n upon_o they_o without_o their_o contribute_v any_o thing_n but_o obedience_n or_o else_o it_o must_v be_v a_o faculty_n natural_a unto_o they_o by_o reason_n whereof_o they_o agitate_v themselves_o and_o be_v true_o the_o cause_n and_o principle_n of_o their_o action_n now_o as_o a_o man_n can_v maintain_v that_o it_o be_v a_o strange_a power_n without_o fall_v into_o great_a inconvenience_n and_o particular_o in_o this_o that_o we_o shall_v give_v a_o assault_n to_o the_o almightiness_n and_o infinite_a wisdom_n of_o god_n for_o have_v leave_v his_o work_n imperfect_a and_o have_v deprive_v they_o of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o those_o virtue_n which_o be_v most_o necessary_a for_o their_o preservation_n we_o must_v conclude_v it_o be_v a_o faculty_n bear_v with_o they_o which_o ought_v to_o be_v of_o a_o order_n as_o elevate_v as_o its_o effect_n be_v excellent_a and_o which_o consequent_o act_v with_o a_o great_a knowledge_n if_o it_o be_v so_o who_o will_v not_o have_v cause_n to_o believe_v that_o action_n who_o success_n be_v so_o well_o order_v which_o have_v so_o well_o regulate_v a_o progress_n and_o a_o concatenation_n which_o so_o just_o tie_v together_o the_o mean_n with_o their_o end_n must_v needs_o be_v enlighten_v by_o reason_n but_o what_o render_v these_o presumption_n yet_o strong_a be_v the_o weakness_n of_o the_o proof_n whereon_o the_o contrary_a opinion_n be_v ground_v for_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n which_o be_v hardly_o conceivable_a that_o ratiocination_n shall_v be_v take_v from_o beast_n without_o know_v the_o nature_n of_o ratiocination_n for_o certain_o hitherto_o no_o man_n have_v exact_o discover_v wherein_o it_o consist_v nor_o what_o the_o soul_n do_v when_o it_o reason_n not_o what_o difference_n there_o be_v betwixt_o this_o operation_n of_o the_o mind_n and_o the_o two_o other_o we_o be_v well_o assure_v that_o in_o the_o first_o the_o understanding_n form_v the_o image_n of_o thing_n but_o when_o we_o come_v to_o examine_v the_o latter_a where_o ratiocination_n consist_v we_o fall_v short_a and_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o discourse_n which_o like_o light_n make_v know_v the_o most_o obscure_a thing_n remain_v itself_o unknown_a and_o hide_v itself_o as_o that_o do_v in_o darkness_n yet_o herein_o be_v the_o foundation_n whereon_o the_o decision_n of_o this_o famous_a controversy_n ought_v to_o be_v establish_v and_o there_o have_v be_v no_o more_o subject_a to_o doubt_v if_o after_o have_v show_v how_o ratiocination_n be_v form_v it_o have_v be_v remonstrate_v that_o that_o action_n surpass_v the_o force_n of_o all_o those_o faculty_n which_o be_v in_o beast_n so_o that_o a_o man_n need_v not_o be_v astonish_v if_o for_o default_n of_o have_v well_o observe_v that_o fundamental_a truth_n a_o man_n be_v not_o sure_a of_o the_o party_n he_o ought_v to_o take_v and_o if_o we_o doubt_v of_o those_o conclusion_n which_o be_v draw_v from_o principle_n which_o be_v without_o evidence_n and_o without_o proof_n let_v they_o oppose_v as_o long_o as_o they_o please_v that_o reason_v require_v proposition_n and_o universal_a notion_n and_o that_o it_o can_v be_v make_v without_o abstraction_n and_o some_o reflection_n of_o the_o knowledge_n it_o have_v of_o its_o self_n which_o be_v thing_n whereto_o it_o be_v certain_a the_o soul_n of_o beast_n can_v never_o attain_v yet_o some_o will_v still_o say_v that_o it_o be_v not_o therein_o in_o which_o the_o reason_n of_o beast_n consist_v that_o all_o these_o condition_n be_v strange_a unto_o it_o and_o that_o the_o sillogism_n which_o be_v call_v expositive_a be_v a_o evident_a sign_n thereof_o since_o it_o can_v be_v form_v of_o term_n pure_o singular_a without_o any_o abstraction_n and_o there_o be_v no_o need_n for_o the_o spirit_n to_o reflect_v on_o itself_o whence_o it_o follow_v the_o difficulty_n be_v not_o take_v away_o so_o but_o that_o the_o conjecture_n which_o we_o have_v of_o the_o reason_n of_o beast_n remain_v in_o full_a force_n and_o that_o nothing_o be_v object_v which_o destroy_v or_o weaken_v it_o after_o which_o who_o dare_v affirm_v that_o it_o be_v reason_n which_o raise_v man_n above_o beast_n without_o render_v that_o right_n doubtful_a which_o can_v be_v contest_v against_o he_o and_o without_o put_v a_o soveraigncie_n in_o competition_n to_o which_o all_o nature_n have_v subject_v itself_o no_o no_o there_o must_v be_v a_o more_o solid_a foundation_n which_o must_v maintain_v his_o dignity_n he_o must_v draw_v his_o perfection_n and_o excellency_n from_o a_o high_a source_n in_o a_o word_n he_o must_v have_v some_o virtue_n which_o must_v be_v so_o eminent_a which_o must_v be_v above_o all_o those_o which_o be_v in_o nature_n and_o whereto_o the_o most_o perfect_a animal_n can_v never_o attain_v but_o we_o must_v yet_o confess_v that_o he_o who_o shall_v have_v discover_v so_o important_a a_o matter_n have_v do_v no_o small_a service_n to_o all_o the_o society_n of_o mankind_n and_o that_o perhaps_o he_o have_v little_o less_o oblige_v they_o than_o those_o who_o invent_v the_o most_o profitable_a art_n and_o science_n beside_o that_o he_o
in_o dream_n and_o sickness_n the_o imagination_n assemble_v phantasm_n which_o be_v not_o of_o the_o same_o order_n to_o assemble_v they_o she_o first_o of_o all_o must_v separate_v those_o with_o which_o there_o be_v a_o natural_a tie_n yet_o will_v not_o m.c._n consent_v to_o this_o truth_n as_o clear_v and_o evident_a as_o it_o be_v and_o he_o say_v that_o to_o persuade_v he_o i_o must_v employ_v reason_n like_o those_o i_o use_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o imagination_n know_v the_o substance_n of_o object_n i_o be_o very_o glad_a that_o m.c._n who_o be_v so_o serious_a will_v sport_v himself_o here_o he_o must_v also_o give_v i_o leave_v to_o say_v that_o he_o may_v do_v it_o more_o modest_o than_o he_o have_v do_v for_o in_o stead_n of_o play_v upon_o i_o he_o offend_v i_o and_o instead_o of_o use_v raillery_n he_o wrong_v i_o be_v i_o to_o revenge_v myself_o i_o shall_v only_o answer_v that_o since_o he_o do_v not_o apprehend_v the_o reason_n he_o speak_v of_o it_o have_v be_v useless_a for_o i_o to_o have_v produce_v the_o like_a but_o as_o there_o be_v a_o great_a appearance_n that_o he_o will_v be_v now_o better_o instruct_v than_o he_o be_v then_o and_o that_o the_o confusion_n he_o will_v be_v in_o to_o have_v use_v i_o so_o unworthy_o be_v revenge_n enough_o for_o i_o i_o shall_v content_v myself_o to_o assure_v he_o that_o i_o have_v not_o only_o take_v the_o leisure_n but_o also_o care_v to_o examine_v the_o reason_n he_o condemn_v and_o that_o other_o as_o judicious_a as_o himself_o have_v approve_v they_o and_o that_o for_o his_o reputation_n it_o have_v be_v to_o have_v be_v wish_v that_o he_o himself_o have_v not_o have_v the_o leisure_n to_o have_v examine_v they_o for_o have_v he_o be_v content_v with_o what_o he_o have_v say_v here_o he_o can_v have_v make_v those_o believe_v which_o have_v net_n the_o commodity_n of_o read_v they_o that_o they_o be_v as_o strange_a as_o he_o imagine_v they_o but_o the_o passion_n he_o have_v to_o leave_v nothing_o uncontradict_v by_o which_o he_o have_v finish_v his_o work_n have_v in_o the_o addition_n make_v it_o appear_v that_o he_o understand_v they_o not_o and_o i_o be_o confident_a that_o this_o happen_v through_o his_o fault_n and_o none_o of_o i_o after_o all_o this_o can_v i_o not_o have_v show_v that_o the_o imagination_n make_v negative_a proposition_n it_o be_v indifferent_a for_o the_o design_n i_o have_v to_o prove_v that_o animal_n reason_n it_o be_v sufficient_a that_o she_o make_v affirmative_n to_o infer_v what_o i_o pretend_v as_o we_o shall_v see_v in_o the_o pursuit_n i_o have_v make_v it_o appear_v in_o my_o first_o discourse_n that_o i_o build_v no_o foundation_n on_o the_o proof_n which_o i_o may_v draw_v from_o negative_a proposition_n speak_v thereof_o but_o by_o the_o way_n and_o with_o that_o briefness_n which_o the_o examen_fw-la of_o those_o thing_n require_v which_o be_v quite_o contrary_a to_o those_o of_o which_o have_v be_v ample_o treat_v so_o that_o without_o forsake_v the_o opinion_n i_o have_v of_o these_o proposition_n i_o shall_v grant_v m.c._n that_o i_o have_v not_o well_o establish_v they_o so_o as_o he_o will_v confess_v that_o he_o have_v not_o sufficient_o destroy_v they_o and_o shall_v he_o have_v succeed_v that_o it_o will_v nothing_o prejudice_v the_o right_n which_o i_o defend_v how_o beast_n judge_v of_o thing_n but_o let_v we_o conclude_v this_o troublesome_a discourse_n by_o the_o address_n which_o he_o use_v to_o show_v that_o beast_n judge_v not_o whether_o thing_n be_v good_a or_o ill_a unto_o they_o for_o he_o will_v have_v it_o pass_v for_o a_o authentic_a proof_n p._n 143._o the_o sense_n of_o most_o part_n of_o philosopher_n who_o believe_v they_o judge_v of_o nothing_o and_o that_o they_o know_v the_o thing_n which_o be_v good_a for_o they_o by_o simple_a conception_n without_o affirm_v that_o they_o be_v good_a and_o indeed_o if_o he_o can_v oblige_v i_o to_o admit_v for_o the_o judge_n of_o a_o dispute_n those_o who_o be_v my_o adversary_n he_o will_v have_v find_v a_o good_a expedient_a to_o have_v gain_v his_o cause_n i_o know_v that_o it_o be_v the_o common_a opinion_n and_o that_o the_o school_n teach_v that_o the_o imagination_n be_v not_o say_v to_o compose_v but_o in_o that_o it_o consider_v two_o image_n at_o once_o as_o he_o say_v but_o these_o be_v judge_n or_o interest_v witness_n which_o i_o refuse_v in_o this_o cause_n be_v it_o to_o be_v decide_v by_o authority_n m._n c's_o will_v alone_o of_o itself_o have_v as_o much_o power_n over_o i_o as_o that_o of_o all_o the_o philosopher_n which_o he_o quote_v and_o where_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o produce_v reason_n i_o shall_v as_o willing_o follow_v his_o opinion_n as_o that_o of_o all_o the_o school_n but_o here_o we_o must_v of_o necessity_n and_o it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o say_v that_o beast_n judge_v of_o nothing_o it_o must_v be_v prove_v by_o some_o reason_n which_o at_o lest_o must_v be_v probable_a and_o must_v not_o subject_v we_o to_o the_o tyranny_n of_o these_o philosopher_n who_o have_v no_o other_o motive_n to_o believe_v thing_n but_o that_o their_o master_n say_v it_o but_o m._n c._n will_v have_v we_o believe_v from_o his_o bare_a word_n that_o beast_n judge_v not_o of_o the_o object_n of_o their_o appetite_n but_o as_o the_o external_n sense_n judge_n that_o a_o odour_n be_v good_a or_o ill_a that_o fire_n burn_v that_o honey_n be_v sweet_a and_o wormwood_n bitter_a without_o its_o be_v necessary_a to_o know_v those_o thing_n for_o the_o tongue_n to_o say_v this_o be_v sweet_a and_o this_o be_v bitter_a first_o he_o confound_v those_o knowledge_n which_o be_v altogether_o different_a for_o the_o sense_n know_v after_o another_o manner_n that_o honey_n be_v sweet_a and_o wormwood_n bitter_a than_o they_o do_v that_o fire_n burn_v and_o that_o a_o smell_n do_v good_a or_o ill_n and_o i_o shall_v always_o grant_v that_o beast_n judge_v not_o of_o the_o object_n of_o their_o appetite_n but_o as_o the_o sense_n know_v that_o fire_n burn_v or_o that_o a_o odour_n be_v ill_a but_o at_o the_o same_o time_n i_o shall_v deny_v that_o they_o judge_v of_o the_o object_n of_o their_o appetite_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o taste_n judge_v of_o the_o sweetness_n of_o honey_n and_o bitterness_n of_o wormwood_n for_o the_o sense_n may_v by_o a_o simple_a conception_n judge_v of_o the_o sweetness_n of_o honey_n for_o as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v the_o proper_a and_o immediate_a object_n of_o the_o taste_n and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o always_o necessary_a that_o the_o imagination_n shall_v make_v a_o progress_n from_o one_o thing_n to_o another_o but_o when_o it_o judge_v that_o the_o fire_n burn_v it_o pass_v not_o only_o from_o the_o cause_n to_o the_o effect_n but_o it_o add_v also_o one_o image_n which_o be_v not_o sensible_a to_o one_o which_o be_v by_o judge_v that_o burn_a be_v evil_a which_o be_v a_o image_n which_o the_o sense_n furnish_v it_o not_o withal_o since_o to_o be_v good_a or_o ill_a useful_a or_o useless_a be_v such_o thing_n which_o know_v per_fw-la species_n non_fw-la sensatas_fw-la as_o the_o school_n say_v and_o which_o require_v beside_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o sense_n that_o of_o the_o estimative_a faculty_n but_o i_o say_v yet_o more_o to_o make_v this_o judgement_n reason_n be_v often_o employ_v therein_o for_o when_o a_o animal_n see_v the_o fire_n and_o that_o he_o will_v not_o come_v near_o it_o for_o fear_n of_o be_v burn_v by_o it_o he_o must_v have_v prove_v that_o it_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o fire_n to_o burn_v and_o remember_v the_o evil_n which_o former_o it_o have_v do_v unto_o he_o and_o consequent_o he_o must_v unite_v the_o image_n of_o the_o burn_a and_o the_o ill_a which_o he_o receive_v thereby_o with_o that_o of_o the_o present_a object_n and_o that_o of_o the_o ill_a which_o he_o apprehend_v therefrom_o which_o can_v not_o be_v do_v without_o discourse_n as_o we_o shall_v show_v hereafter_o beside_o what_o need_n have_v he_o to_o add_v that_o to_o know_v thing_n it_o be_v not_o necessary_a for_o the_o tongue_n to_o say_v this_o be_v sweet_a and_o this_o be_v bitter_a do_v he_o believe_v proposition_n may_v not_o be_v make_v without_o speak_v and_o that_o the_o judgement_n which_o the_o soul_n make_v in_o itself_o without_o express_v it_o by_o language_n be_v not_o true_a judgement_n if_o that_o be_v so_o dumb_a person_n will_v be_v more_o unhappy_a than_o we_o think_v they_o to_o be_v since_o they_o shall_v not_o only_o have_v lose_v their_o speech_n but_o even_o their_o judgement_n and_o their_o reason_n however_o it_o be_v it_o be_v not_o the_o tongue_n which_o make_v proposition_n it_o be_v the_o faculty_n of_o the_o
frightfulness_n suppose_v the_o same_o thing_n since_o all_o what_o belong_v to_o the_o gender_n ought_v also_o to_o be_v in_o the_o species_n certain_o m._n c._n be_v herein_o far_o from_o the_o sense_n of_o aristotle_n and_o of_o his_o sectary_n who_o believe_v that_o to_o form_v this_o passion_n the_o ill_a must_v not_o be_v to_o come_v but_o even_o a_o man_n must_v not_o be_v certain_o assure_v that_o it_o be_v to_o come_v or_o that_o we_o have_v some_o hope_n to_o eschew_v it_o how_o we_o be_v fright_v with_o present_a object_n but_o what_o say_v he_o we_o be_v fright_v with_o present_a object_n it_o be_v true_a so_o as_o it_o be_v well_o understand_v for_o this_o presence_n hinder_v not_o but_o that_o the_o ill_a we_o fear_v be_v to_o come_v when_o we_o say_v that_o the_o object_n or_o the_o present_a evil_n cause_n fright_v the_o word_n of_o evil_a and_o of_o object_n be_v take_v for_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o ill_a and_o not_o for_o the_o effect_n which_o be_v the_o true_a evil_n and_o in_o this_o sense_n it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o ill_n be_v present_a and_o that_o still_o the_o fright_n respect_v the_o ill_a to_o come_v because_o it_o consider_v the_o effect_n which_o that_o cause_n be_v to_o produce_v which_o be_v proper_o that_o which_o give_v the_o fright_n since_o do_v we_o not_o think_v that_o it_o be_v to_o produce_v its_o effect_n neither_o will_v it_o cause_v that_o apprehension_n so_o a_o enemy_n who_o fall_v at_o once_o upon_o we_o a_o flash_n of_o lightning_n a_o phantasm_n and_o all_o other_o thing_n which_o fright_v and_o terrify_v we_o be_v but_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o ill_a which_o we_o imagine_v be_v to_o befall_v we_o for_o although_o we_o think_v it_o very_o near_o and_o it_o be_v that_o which_o make_v the_o difference_n of_o a_o fright_n from_o all_o other_o fear_n yet_o it_o be_v certain_a it_o be_v not_o then_o so_o and_o be_v it_o so_o in_o effect_n it_o will_v not_o move_v we_o to_o a_o fright_n but_o to_o grief_n consternation_n or_o the_o like_a as_o be_v already_o say_v on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o presence_n of_o the_o object_n be_v different_a according_a to_o the_o several_a power_n to_o which_o it_o relate_v that_o which_o be_v present_a to_o the_o eye_n be_v not_o always_o so_o to_o the_o touch_n and_o so_o if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o a_o fright_n be_v move_v by_o object_n which_o be_v present_a for_o as_o much_o as_o they_o be_v see_v yet_o it_o also_o hinder_v not_o but_o that_o this_o fright_n consider_v the_o future_a because_o those_o object_n be_v not_o yet_o present_a to_o the_o sense_n of_o feeling_n for_o the_o preservation_n whereof_o this_o passion_n be_v chief_o raise_v in_o the_o soul_n for_o as_o aristotle_n say_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v formidable_a and_o which_o cause_n terror_n be_v those_o which_o may_v cause_v a_o corruptive_a grief_n what_o shall_v we_o then_o say_v to_o the_o example_n which_o m._n c._n produce_v of_o a_o man_n on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o steeple_n and_o who_o will_v be_v sensible_a of_o a_o fright_n in_o look_v down_o although_o he_o be_v not_o in_o fear_n of_o fall_v be_v fence_v about_o with_o a_o rail_n or_o wall_n for_o if_o there_o be_v any_o fear_n it_o be_v not_o a_o effect_n of_o his_o ratiocination_n nor_o of_o the_o knowledge_n of_o future_a i_o shall_v answer_v in_o few_o word_n first_o that_o m.c._n seem_v to_o have_v forget_v the_o subject_n of_o our_o question_n for_o as_o much_o as_o i_o do_v not_o propose_v these_o passion_n to_o prove_v that_o the_o imagination_n reason_n but_o to_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o she_o know_v the_o time_n to_o come_v and_o therefore_o the_o consequence_n he_o draw_v that_o this_o fear_n be_v no_o effect_n of_o his_o ratiocination_n be_v to_o no_o purpose_n second_o he_o confound_v according_a to_o his_o practice_n the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o intellect_n with_o that_o of_o the_o fancy_n for_o the_o assurance_n which_o this_o man_n have_v of_o not_o fall_v see_v the_o rail_n and_o safeguard_n which_o environ_v he_o be_v a_o effect_n of_o his_o understanding_n which_o hinder_v not_o his_o imagination_n from_o figure_v to_o itself_o that_o he_o may_v fall_v &_o so_o consequent_o that_o she_o consider_v not_o the_o future_a as_o she_o be_v surprise_v at_o the_o sight_n of_o a_o precipice_n she_o mind_v not_o that_o which_o shall_v reassure_v she_o and_o the_o impression_n she_o have_v receive_v of_o it_o be_v so_o strong_a that_o notwithstanding_o all_o the_o advice_n which_o the_o understanding_n afterward_o propose_v she_o can_v contain_v herself_o but_o suffer_v herself_o to_o be_v carry_v away_o with_o that_o motion_n which_o she_o first_o give_v herself_o even_o as_o it_o happen_v in_o other_o passion_n which_o often_o raise_v some_o resistance_n in_o the_o mind_n which_o the_o superior_a part_n afford_v it_o although_o this_o fright_n therefore_o be_v vain_a and_o ill-grounded_a yet_o the_o imagination_n forbear_v not_o to_o do_v the_o same_o thing_n which_o she_o do_v in_o other_o which_o be_v just_a and_o reasonable_a and_o consequent_o she_o consider_v the_o danger_n of_o the_o fall_n as_o it_o be_v true_o to_o happen_v in_o a_o word_n she_o here_o repect_v the_o evil_n which_o be_v to_o come_v as_o in_o all_o other_o kind_n of_o fear_n how_o past_a danger_n trouble_v the_o mind_n so_o much_o concern_v the_o fright_n which_o present_a object_n use_v to_o incite_v it_o remain_v now_o to_o make_v m._n c._n see_v that_o when_o past_a danger_n come_v back_o to_o the_o memory_n and_o produce_v all_o the_o very_a same_o effect_n which_o fear_n use_v to_o cause_n the_o imagination_n respect_v even_o the_o ill_a to_o come_v for_o although_o in_o effect_n it_o be_v past_a yet_o it_o consider_v it_o in_o the_o condition_n it_o be_v when_o it_o move_v that_o first_o fright_n now_o at_o that_o time_n it_o be_v to_o come_v and_o consequent_o she_o still_o see_v it_o as_o to_o come_v that_o this_o may_v be_v well_o understand_v we_o be_v to_o observe_v that_o the_o image_n of_o thing_n be_v preserve_v in_o the_o memory_n with_o all_o the_o circumstance_n and_o withal_o those_o modification_n with_o which_o it_o be_v reve_v when_o it_o enter_v into_o that_o faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n so_o when_o we_o see_v a_o object_n a_o far_o off_o agitate_a with_o some_o motion_n or_o situate_v in_o such_o or_o such_o a_o manner_n memory_n how_o past_a thing_n be_v preserve_v in_o the_o memory_n the_o image_n of_o this_o object_n remain_v in_o the_o memory_n with_o the_o species_n of_o the_o distance_n of_o this_o motion_n of_o the_o situation_n which_o the_o sense_n observe_v in_o it_o and_o when_o we_o come_v to_o remember_v ourselves_o of_o it_o it_o again_o represent_v itself_o reve_v with_o the_o same_o accident_n now_o its_o certain_a that_o the_o difference_n of_o time_n be_v in_o the_o rank_n of_o these_o circumstance_n and_o when_o a_o faculty_n know_v a_o thing_n which_o be_v to_o come_v it_o with_o the_o principal_a thing_n conceive_v the_o difference_n of_o the_o time_n to_o come_v wherewith_o it_o be_v accompany_v and_o consequent_o whether_o the_o image_n of_o that_o object_n ought_v to_o be_v preserve_v in_o the_o memory_n it_o must_v needs_o be_v with_o the_o very_a same_o circumstance_n and_o when_o it_o re-enter_v the_o thought_n it_o therein_o present_v its_o self_n as_o future_a otherwise_o the_o representation_n can_v not_o be_v just_a and_o faithful_a it_o be_v not_o therefore_o to_o be_v wonder_v if_o those_o who_o escape_v a_o danger_n can_v never_o again_o think_v of_o it_o without_o be_v surprise_v with_o the_o same_o fright_v it_o have_v former_o give_v they_o for_o as_o much_o as_o have_v the_o first_o time_n know_v the_o danger_n as_o a_o evil_a to_o come_v and_o whereinto_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o fall_v the_o image_n which_o they_o have_v preserve_v therefore_o can_v represent_v it_o no_o otherwise_o than_o it_o then_o be_v that_o be_v to_o say_v as_o ready_a to_o come_v and_o fancy_v it_o after_o that_o manner_n it_o ought_v to_o cause_v a_o fright_n since_o its_o a_o passion_n which_o the_o evil_a which_o be_v ready_a to_o befall_v we_o be_v accustom_v to_o provoke_v but_o what_o a_o man_n may_v say_v the_o danger_n be_v real_o pass_v and_o who_o have_v escape_v it_o be_v not_o ignorant_a of_o it_o and_o therefore_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v add_v this_o circumstance_n of_o time_n to_o the_o image_n which_o he_o keep_v thereof_o and_o if_o he_o remember_v it_o again_o he_o ought_v no_o more_o to_o consider_v it_o as_o a_o present_a evil_n but_o as_o a_o past_a evil_n since_o the_o image_n which_o represent_v it_o be_v modify_v by_o this_o difference_n of_o time_n which_o be_v incompatible_a with_o that_o which_o be_v to_o
statue_n of_o alexander_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o this_o proceed_v from_o the_o fear_n which_o the_o remembrance_n of_o that_o prince_n anger_n move_v in_o his_o mind_n and_o that_o he_o then_o represent_v to_o himself_o the_o danger_n he_o be_v in_o at_o that_o time_n when_o alexander_n be_v angry_a with_o he_o that_o be_v to_o say_v he_o still_o consider_v it_o as_o ready_a to_o come_v it_o therefore_o from_o thence_o follow_v not_o that_o the_o ratiocination_n he_o make_v in_o these_o encounter_n be_v like_o that_o which_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o instruction_n of_o beast_n when_o these_o hear_v a_o threat_n like_a to_o that_o which_o they_o have_v former_o hear_v and_o which_o be_v follow_v with_o blow_n they_o ought_v right_o to_o think_v that_o since_o such_o a_o thing_n former_o cause_v their_o ill_n that_o which_o present_v itself_o be_v like_o it_o ought_v also_o to_o cause_v they_o the_o like_a ill_n but_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o the_o example_n of_o cassander_n which_o relate_v to_o this_o alexander_n statue_n have_v not_o that_o resemblance_n which_o be_v necessary_a to_o oblige_v he_o to_o conclude_v after_o that_o manner_n it_o must_v have_v be_v that_o that_o must_v have_v be_v angry_a that_o must_v have_v threaten_v and_o that_o must_v have_v be_v capable_a to_o have_v do_v he_o harm_n in_o this_o case_n he_o have_v have_v reason_n to_o think_v that_o since_o alexander_n have_v former_o do_v he_o ill_o this_o statue_n be_v like_o he_o ought_v also_o to_o cause_v the_o same_o ill_a in_o fine_a in_o the_o instruction_n of_o beast_n there_o be_v always_o two_o alike_a cause_n that_o which_o be_v past_a who_o effect_n be_v also_o past_a and_o that_o which_o be_v present_a who_o effect_n be_v to_o come_v and_o both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o enter_v into_o the_o discourse_n which_o the_o imagination_n make_v but_o here_o there_o be_v only_o the_o past_a cause_n which_o come_v back_o to_o the_o memory_n and_o although_o the_o statue_n be_v present_a it_o enter_v not_o into_o the_o ratiocination_n of_o cassander_n it_o only_o awaken_v the_o notion_n which_o compose_v it_o m.c._n have_v therefore_o very_o ill_o take_v his_o measure_n when_o he_o compare_v these_o two_o reason_n together_o and_o very_o wrongful_o endeavour_v to_o oblige_v we_o to_o believe_v that_o that_o of_o beast_n be_v not_o make_v as_o we_o have_v say_v because_o we_o do_v not_o believe_v that_o cassander_n be_v so_o make_v what_o he_o add_v of_o the_o scythian_a slave_n who_o after_o have_v overcome_v their_o master_n in_o several_a battle_n be_v at_o last_o rout_v at_o sight_n of_o the_o whip_n which_o be_v show_v unto_o they_o when_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o re-ingage_a it_o be_v so_o far_o from_o prejudice_v my_o proposition_n that_o it_o confirm_v it_o and_o suppose_v that_o beast_n use_v the_o same_o form_n of_o reason_v when_o they_o be_v instruct_v for_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o this_o surprise_v make_v they_o fear_n and_o that_o this_o fear_n be_v ground_v on_o the_o ill_a to_o come_v by_o the_o remembrance_n which_o those_o rod_n give_v they_o that_o their_o master_n have_v former_o chastise_v they_o therewith_o so_o that_o they_o judge_v it_o fit_a that_o since_o those_o rod_n wherewith_o their_o master_n be_v arm_v be_v like_o those_o with_o which_o they_o have_v former_o be_v beat_v they_o ought_v again_o to_o apprehend_v from_o they_o the_o like_a effect_n and_o m._n c._n vain_o labour_v to_o destroy_v this_o discourse_n when_o he_o say_v that_o if_o they_o have_v have_v the_o leisure_n to_o reason_n and_o confer_v all_o these_o thing_n they_o have_v never_o be_v so_o fright_v and_o that_o the_o first_o reason_v they_o make_v be_v to_o condemn_v their_o first_o motion_n which_o be_v not_o submit_v to_o reason_n for_o beside_o that_o there_o need_v but_o a_o moment_n for_o all_o this_o he_o according_a to_o his_o custom_n confound_v intellectual_a reason_n with_o that_o of_o the_o imagination_n as_o we_o have_v show_v he_o elsewhere_o and_o there_o need_v no_o other_o answer_n for_o those_o panic_n fear_n since_o he_o say_v that_o it_o be_v the_o same_o as_o of_o what_o happen_v to_o these_o slave_n but_o i_o will_v add_v that_o since_o it_o be_v the_o same_o thing_n it_o follow_v that_o they_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o a_o true_a syllogism_n and_o that_o as_o the_o ratiocination_n which_o these_o slave_n make_v be_v apparent_o good_a and_o have_v no_o proposition_n which_o be_v evidenly_a false_a it_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v if_o what_o m._n c._n say_v be_v true_a that_o it_o must_v be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o which_o devance_v all_o other_o panic_n terror_n let_v he_o no_o more_o object_n the_o syllogism_n he_o make_v cassander_n make_v that_o man_n fear_n will_v never_o strengthen_v his_o party_n as_o we_o have_v now_o show_v and_o if_o he_o will_v believe_v i_o he_o ought_v to_o ask_v help_n from_o some_o other_o captain_n who_o be_v more_o bold_a than_o this_o from_o all_o these_o rare_a experience_n m.c._n deduce_v marvellous_a induction_n which_o have_v already_o satisfy_v we_o will_v not_o stay_v much_o upon_o they_o 1._o he_o say_v that_o in_o all_o these_o encounter_v its_o neither_o the_o present_a object_n nor_o apprehension_n of_o the_o future_a which_o move_v the_o fancy_n but_o we_o have_v already_o show_v the_o contrary_n 2._o that_o the_o image_n of_o past_a object_n reside_v in_o the_o memory_n the_o imagination_n need_v form_n not_o other_o since_o those_o be_v sufficient_a all_o our_o second_o part_n be_v employ_v in_o consuting_a this_o proposition_n which_o destroy_v the_o nature_n of_o knowledge_n 3._o that_o image_n which_o can_v only_o come_v from_o present_a object_n can_v also_o only_o represent_v they_o but_o as_o present_v and_o that_o they_o canaot_v be_v again_o communicate_v to_o the_o imagination_n but_o they_o must_v needs_o move_v it_o as_o they_o have_v do_v former_o the_o same_o cause_n ever_o produce_v the_o same_o effect_n and_o that_o from_o thence_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o absent_a object_n work_v on_o the_o appetite_n as_o if_o it_o be_v present_a and_o that_o as_o be_v present_a it_o stir_v up_o the_o appetite_n without_o employ_v any_o discourse_n it_o may_v be_v absent_a do_v the_o same_o thing_n for_o this_o we_o have_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v modification_n which_o the_o soul_n add_v to_o the_o image_n which_o it_o receive_v from_o present_a object_n that_o the_o difference_n of_o time_n be_v of_o that_o kind_n and_o that_o so_o a_o present_a object_n may_v be_v consider_v both_o as_o past_a and_o as_o to_o come_v whence_o it_o follow_v that_o one_o of_o these_o image_n be_v again_o communicate_v to_o the_o imagination_n may_v move_v the_o appetite_n after_o another_o manner_n then_o when_o at_o the_o first_o it_o enter_v into_o the_o mind_n and_o that_o afterward_o it_o can_v pass_v for_o one_o and_o the_o same_o cause_n since_o it_o be_v diversify_v by_o a_o new_a circumstance_n as_o for_o his_o first_o proposition_n which_o import_v that_o since_o the_o present_a object_n move_v the_o appetite_n without_o discourse_n the_o ascent_n may_v do_v the_o same_o thing_n i_o shall_v willing_o grant_v it_o he_o in_o the_o hypothesis_n of_o the_o time_n we_o be_v in_o so_o as_o the_o object_n be_v only_o know_v as_o present_v or_o absent_a for_o if_o the_o imagination_n go_v from_o the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o and_o chief_o if_o it_o draw_v consequence_n from_o it_o for_o the_o future_a we_o can_v doubt_v but_o the_o present_a and_o absent_a object_n must_v move_v the_o appetite_n by_o mean_n of_o the_o discortse_n which_o in_o these_o encounter_v the_o imagination_n make_v now_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o in_o all_o the_o example_n which_o he_o have_v propose_v the_o soul_n make_v a_o progress_n from_o one_o difference_n of_o time_n to_o another_o and_o therefore_o she_o reason_n and_o therefore_o all_o m._n c's_o induction_n be_v vain_a but_o wherefore_o do_v we_o so_o long_o insist_v on_o those_o thing_n which_o we_o have_v elsewhere_o decide_v and_o what_o can_v we_o do_v in_o repeat_v they_o so_o often_o but_o as_o often_o we_o must_v afflict_v m.c._n with_o the_o remembrance_n of_o his_o first_o defeat_n yet_o this_o be_v not_o generous_o to_o overcome_v he_o we_o must_v spare_v shame_v a_o vanquish_a enemy_n and_o not_o use_v he_o ill_o when_o he_o have_v give_v up_o his_o arm_n let_v we_o therefore_o pass_v to_o other_o matter_n and_o without_o speak_v any_o more_o of_o all_o these_o difference_n of_o time_n wherein_o m_n c._n have_v lose_v himself_o let_v we_o see_v whether_o what_o he_o have_v say_v of_o the_o custom_n may_v repair_v his_o loss_n and_o whether_o it_o destroy_v any_o of_o my_o proposition_n of_o custom_n and_o that_o it_o can_v be_v
that_o they_o doubt_v and_o then_o we_o have_v reason_n to_o say_v that_o apparent_o they_o doubt_v that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o they_o appear_v to_o we_o to_o doubt_v but_o not_o that_o their_o doubt_n be_v but_o in_o appearance_n because_o it_o may_v happen_v they_o doubt_v in_o effect_n and_o that_o a_o thing_n which_o be_v but_o in_o appearance_n be_v not_o real_o but_o let_v we_o stick_v no_o long_o in_o word_n let_v we_o examine_v thing_n and_o see_v what_o the_o nature_n of_o doubt_n be_v for_o after_o that_o we_o may_v clear_o perceive_v whether_o beast_n be_v capable_a of_o form_v it_o aristotle_n say_v very_o elegant_o that_o he_o who_o doubt_n be_v like_a to_o a_o man_n bind_v because_o both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o be_v restrain_v and_o can_v go_v whether_o they_o will_v this_o can_v advance_v forward_o in_o his_o way_n and_o that_o can_v make_v any_o progress_n in_o his_o knowledge_n in_o effect_n when_o he_o find_v that_o the_o object_n be_v not_o clear_o represent_v unto_o he_o when_o he_o see_v reason_n and_o appearance_n contrary_a concern_v the_o same_o thing_n they_o be_v as_o many_o chain_n which_o stop_v he_o &_o hold_v he_o in_o suspense_n that_o he_o know_v not_o which_o side_n to_o take_v and_o whilst_o he_o remain_v in_o this_o neutrality_n so_o long_a time_n he_o doubt_v and_o be_v not_o assure_v of_o what_o he_o seek_v for_o which_o cause_n we_o may_v call_v doubt_v a_o suspension_n of_o judgement_n which_o can_v determine_v on_o the_o thing_n propese_v unto_o it_o now_o because_o that_o to_o judge_n be_v to_o unite_v or_o divide_v image_n this_o suspension_n can_v be_v conceive_v but_o as_o a_o restraint_n which_o the_o judicative_a faculty_n impose_v on_o itself_o in_o its_o function_n the_o difficulty_n and_o uncertainty_n wherein_o she_o be_v not_o permit_v she_o to_o unite_v or_o separate_v those_o image_n which_o she_o have_v form_v yet_o must_v we_o not_o figure_n to_o ourselves_o this_o restraint_n to_o be_v as_o a_o cessation_n or_o rest_n otherwise_o whosoever_o will_v not_o know_v the_o thing_n and_o who_o spirit_n be_v dull_a and_o without_o action_n may_v pass_v for_o a_o man_n who_o be_v in_o doubt_n but_o it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v as_o a_o motion_n by_o which_o the_o mind_n restrain_v itself_o and_o suffer_v not_o itself_o to_o be_v bear_v away_o whereto_o it_o have_v a_o design_n to_o go_v this_o be_v to_o be_v judge_v of_o proportionable_o to_o what_o happen_v to_o body_n that_o be_v heavy_a when_o they_o be_v in_o their_o centre_n their_o weight_n agitate_v not_o and_o they_o true_o be_v at_o rest_n but_o when_o they_o be_v suspend_v in_o the_o air_n although_o they_o be_v there_o retain_v yet_o they_o have_v a_o secret_a motion_n and_o make_v always_o some_o endeavour_n to_o fall_v it_o be_v even_o so_o with_o the_o judgement_n when_o it_o seek_v not_o the_o truth_n it_o be_v without_o action_n it_o cease_v to_o operate_v it_o be_v at_o rest_n but_o when_o it_o be_v suspend_v that_o be_v to_o say_v when_o it_o advance_v not_o yet_o this_o mark_n also_o the_o motion_n it_o make_v to_o attain_v to_o its_o end_n however_o it_o be_v this_o suspension_n of_o the_o judicative_a faculty_n come_v from_o the_o incertainty_n wherein_o she_o be_v whether_o she_o ought_v to_o unite_v or_o separate_v the_o image_n and_o this_o incertainty_n proceed_v from_o that_o it_o know_v not_o whether_o the_o thing_n be_v or_o be_v not_o in_o effect_n as_o she_o have_v propose_v they_o to_o herself_o but_o whence_o be_v it_o that_o she_o know_v it_o not_o certain_o there_o be_v many_o cause_n which_o contribute_v thereunto_o and_o we_o need_v only_o consult_v the_o epoche_n of_o the_o sceptic_a to_o find_v out_o that_o this_o defect_n have_v divers_a source_n sometime_o it_o happen_v from_o that_o the_o sense_n do_v not_o well_o represent_v the_o object_n for_o he_o that_o have_v a_o weak_a sight_n or_o who_o look_v on_o any_o thing_n through_o a_o thick_a air_n or_o at_o too_o great_a a_o distance_n have_v reason_n to_o doubt_v whether_o what_o he_o perceive_v be_v such_o in_o effect_n as_o his_o eye_n figure_v it_o to_o be_v sometime_o it_o happen_v from_o that_o we_o have_v not_o experience_v the_o thing_n or_o that_o we_o know_v not_o the_o reason_n thereof_o so_o a_o mathematical_a proposition_n how_o certain_a soever_o it_o be_v may_v leave_v a_o doubt_n to_o he_o who_o never_o see_v the_o demonstration_n and_o he_o who_o have_v not_o prove_v the_o effect_n of_o a_o remedy_n may_v doubt_v whether_o what_o be_v say_v be_v true_a or_o false_a but_o the_o most_o evident_a and_o perhaps_o the_o most_o ordinary_a cause_n of_o this_o defect_n be_v when_o the_o mind_n be_v divide_v betwixt_o two_o reason_n or_o two_o contrary_a appearance_n or_o between_o two_o thing_n altogether_o alike_o for_o from_o thence_o come_v almost_o all_o the_o doubt_n of_o the_o school_n and_o of_o the_o politic_n and_o the_o irresolution_n wherein_o we_o be_v at_o every_o moment_n in_o our_o common_a and_o private_a action_n in_o effect_n the_o way_n present_o to_o determine_v to_o know_v whether_o a_o business_n be_v good_a or_o ill_a when_o one_o find_v reason_n equal_o strong_a on_o both_o side_n and_o when_o two_o thing_n appear_v equal_o good_a how_o can_v a_o man_n so_o ready_o resolve_v to_o choose_v the_o most_o profitable_a or_o the_o most_o agreeable_a but_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o produce_v all_o the_o cause_n which_o cause_n our_o doubt_n and_o irresolution_n it_o be_v in_o question_n here_o to_o know_v whether_o there_o be_v any_o of_o those_o which_o we_o have_v mention_v which_o produce_v in_o animal_n the_o same_o effect_n it_o work_v in_o we_o which_o restrain_v their_o imagination_n when_o it_o shall_v either_o unite_v or_o separate_v image_n in_o a_o word_n which_o make_v they_o doubt_v the_o thing_n propose_v unto_o they_o ready_o to_o decide_v this_o question_n those_o who_o hold_v the_o negative_a part_n must_v go_v and_o be_v instruct_v by_o that_o ass_n so_o famous_a in_o the_o school_n find_v himself_o betwixt_o two_o measure_n of_o oat_n without_o be_v able_a to_o resolve_v to_o which_o of_o they_o to_o go_v both_o appear_v unto_o he_o equal_o good_a for_o they_o shall_v learn_v from_o he_o that_o in_o that_o condition_n he_o can_v not_o determine_v that_o his_o judgement_n be_v then_o in_o suspense_n and_o consequent_o that_o he_o be_v in_o doubt_n what_o to_o do_v but_o if_o they_o will_v not_o believe_v he_o let_v they_o have_v recourse_n to_o m.c._n who_o in_o his_o consideration_n on_o charron_n in_o many_o place_n have_v show_v that_o the_o imagination_n of_o beast_n be_v often_o restrain_v in_o these_o action_n and_o that_o the_o combat_n which_o hunger_n and_o fear_n of_o be_v beat_v make_v in_o their_o mind_n be_v the_o cause_n that_o she_o remain_v unable_a of_o performance_n for_o this_o restraint_n can_v be_v understand_v but_o of_o the_o impotency_n wherein_o she_o be_v to_o resolve_v and_o form_v the_o practical_a judgement_n which_o be_v the_o principle_n of_o operation_n now_o this_o be_v nothing_o but_o a_o suspension_n of_o judgement_n it_o be_v nothing_o but_o doubt_n as_o we_o have_v before_o show_v but_o perhaps_o they_o require_v other_o master_n beside_o these_o and_o that_o there_o be_v not_o authority_n enough_o to_o persuade_v they_o to_o this_o truth_n shall_v we_o even_o use_v that_o of_o aristotle_n who_o assure_v we_o that_o goat_n be_v astonish_v when_o they_o see_v any_o of_o they_o take_v by_o the_o beard_n and_o certain_o can_v this_o be_v believe_v in_o this_o particular_a they_o will_v be_v constrain_v to_o confess_v that_o upon_o this_o occasion_n goat_n must_v doubt_v for_o astonishment_n be_v ever_o accompany_v with_o doubt_n and_o with_o suspense_n as_o in_o another_o place_n we_o shall_v make_v it_o appear_v since_o we_o must_v therefore_o treat_v with_o they_o by_o the_o only_a strength_n of_o reason_n i_o will_v have_v they_o presuppose_v what_o i_o have_v demonstrate_v in_o the_o second_o part_n of_o this_o work_n to_o wit_n that_o beast_n judge_v of_o thing_n that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o their_o imagination_n unite_v and_o separate_v the_o image_n she_o have_v form_v of_o they_o they_o must_v further_o agree_v with_o i_o that_o she_o unite_v not_o all_o kind_n of_o image_n but_o these_o only_a which_o agree_v together_o for_o she_o unite_v not_o the_o notion_n of_o good_a with_o bitter_a nor_o that_o of_o ill_a with_o sweet_a no_o more_o than_o the_o design_n of_o pursue_v with_o what_o be_v ill_a or_o that_o of_o fly_v with_o what_o be_v good_a but_o it_o join_v sweet_a with_o good_a and_o add_v to_o this_o the_o design_n of_o the_o pursuit_n as_o it_o unite_v the_o bitter_a with_o ill_n join_v afterward_o thereunto_o the_o
be_v not_o call_v neither_o be_v he_o more_o considerable_a than_o a_o infinite_a many_o who_o be_v as_o much_o interest_v in_o the_o question_n as_o himself_o but_o we_o treat_v not_o here_o of_o form_n the_o ground_n must_v be_v examine_v and_o we_o must_v see_v what_o other_o action_n beside_o what_o we_o have_v observe_v may_v intervene_v to_o form_v knowledge_n for_o it_o be_v true_a other_o as_o well_o as_o m._n c._n have_v thought_n that_o it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o know_v thing_n for_o the_o faculty_n to_o receive_v the_o image_n that_o beside_o that_o it_o ought_v to_o perceive_v to_o consider_v and_o to_o comprehend_v but_o those_o who_o will_v well_o consider_v these_o term_n will_v find_v they_o leave_v the_o thing_n as_o doubtful_a as_o at_o first_o for_o a_o man_n may_v ask_v what_o it_o be_v to_o perceive_v consider_v or_o comprehend_v image_n what_o the_o soul_n do_v in_o consider_v they_o in_o comprehend_v they_o in_o perceive_v they_o be_v it_o that_o she_o apply_v and_o unite_v herself_o to_o they_o beside_o the_o application_n be_v no_o principal_a action_n and_o be_v but_o a_o condition_n to_o act_v there_o be_v no_o action_n appear_v therein_o which_o answer_v the_o nobility_n of_o so_o high_a a_o faculty_n be_v it_o not_o that_o she_o enlighten_v and_o illuminate_v they_o these_o be_v the_o metaphorical_a term_n which_o do_v not_o clear_o express_v thing_n and_o all_o those_o brightness_n and_o light_n produce_v nothing_o in_o these_o matter_n but_o obscurity_n not_o therefore_o to_o stick_v at_o the_o vain_a and_o unprofitable_a manner_n of_o speak_v and_o without_o be_v concern_v in_o m.cs._n quality_n who_o make_v profession_n to_o destroy_v all_o and_o to_o establish_v nothing_o let_v we_o conclude_v that_o there_o be_v no_o other_o mean_n to_o know_v but_o to_o form_v image_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o action_n that_o can_v furnish_v we_o with_o the_o know_a faculty_n porportionable_a to_o the_o excellency_n of_o its_o nature_n as_o that_o be_v since_o by_o that_o mean_n it_o in_o some_o manner_n make_v the_o object_n it_o know_v that_o it_o transform_v itself_o into_o they_o and_o as_o aristotle_n say_v that_o it_o make_v itself_o all_o thing_n m._n c._n oppose_v to_o these_o truth_n that_o the_o sense_n know_v their_o object_n without_o form_v any_o image_n of_o they_o have_v no_o other_o but_o those_o which_o they_o receive_v from_o they_o but_o this_o objection_n be_v accompany_v with_o no_o proof_n destroy_v not_o our_o proposition_n as_o we_o believe_v that_o the_o sensitive_a soul_n know_v in_o form_v its_o image_n we_o hold_v also_o and_o everywhere_o where_o she_o know_v she_o do_v the_o same_o thing_n and_o therefore_o when_o she_o know_v in_o the_o organ_n of_o the_o sense_n she_o form_n in_o herself_o the_o picture_n of_o the_o thing_n the_o species_n of_o which_o she_o have_v receive_v so_o that_o when_o she_o be_v divert_v elsewhere_o and_o that_o she_o can_v make_v this_o production_n she_o know_v nothing_o of_o all_o their_o object_n although_o they_o have_v perfect_o receive_v the_o image_n thereof_o but_o we_o will_v hereafter_o re-touch_a this_o subject_n the_o sensible_a species_n enter_v not_o the_o memory_n let_v we_o see_v whether_o it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o sensible_a species_n enter_v the_o memory_n and_o whether_o they_o may_v preserve_v themselves_o there_o as_o without_o prove_v it_o m_n c._n assure_v we_o all_o those_o who_o have_v speak_v of_o the_o visible_a species_n have_v say_v that_o they_o have_v no_o permanent_a be_v be_v in_o a_o continual_a flux_n that_o their_o preservation_n depend_v on_o a_o continual_a influence_n of_o the_o cause_n which_o produce_v they_o and_o that_o it_o communicate_v itself_o but_o in_o right_a line_n if_o this_o be_v so_o as_o experience_n hinder_v we_o from_o doubt_v i_o will_v willing_o ask_v how_o those_o species_n which_o enter_v the_o eye_n may_v be_v convey_v into_o the_o memory_n and_o if_o this_o faculty_n be_v place_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o brain_n as_o all_o the_o world_n believe_v what_o course_n can_v they_o hold_v to_o go_v straight_o thither_o so_o many_o turn_n and_o obstacle_n be_v to_o be_v meet_v withal_o in_o the_o nerve_n and_o in_o those_o other_o channel_n through_o which_o they_o be_v to_o pass_v for_o it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o oppose_v unto_o we_o that_o they_o render_v themselves_o there_o by_o the_o several_a reflection_n they_o make_v since_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o nerve_n and_o of_o the_o humour_n be_v too_o gross_a to_o give_v they_o a_o passage_n and_o that_o the_o reflection_n so_o many_o time_n double_v weaken_v the_o image_n and_o represent_v the_o object_n but_o confuse_o but_o if_o they_o can_v arrive_v at_o the_o memory_n can_v they_o subsist_v there_o since_o they_o have_v no_o permanent_a be_v this_o without_o doubt_n can_v be_v conceive_v without_o contradiction_n for_o if_o it_o be_v their_o nature_n to_o be_v in_o a_o continual_a flux_n they_o can_v never_o be_v fix_v and_o permanent_a no_o more_o than_o the_o motion_n and_o it_o be_v the_o reason_n they_o of_o themselves_o vanish_v as_o soon_o as_o the_o object_n disappear_v forasmuch_o as_o lose_v themselves_o in_o the_o same_o instant_n that_o they_o be_v produce_v they_o have_v need_n be_v renew_v from_o one_o moment_n to_o another_o and_o if_o the_o cause_n which_o produce_v they_o absent_v itself_o it_o can_v make_v no_o more_o of_o they_o if_o it_o be_v then_o true_a that_o the_o memory_n may_v preserve_v they_o in_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o object_n it_o must_v supply_v their_o defect_n and_o it_o must_v with_o they_o have_v the_o virtue_n to_o produce_v they_o incessant_o now_o if_o she_o have_v that_o virtue_n she_o may_v form_v they_o all_o alone_a without_o help_n of_o the_o object_n it_o will_v not_o be_v needful_a to_o have_v see_v colour_n to_o remember_v they_o and_o blind_a man_n may_v judge_v of_o they_o as_o well_o as_o the_o clearer-sighted_n on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o the_o visible_a species_n be_v nothing_o but_o the_o ray_n of_o colour_n which_o to_o speak_v proper_o be_v but_o weaken_v and_o diminish_v light_n as_o we_o have_v show_v elsewhere_o the_o memory_n to_o produce_v these_o species_n must_v have_v interior_a colour_n and_o be_v true_o colour_v as_o well_o as_o the_o object_n which_o produce_v they_o m._n c._n have_v too_o clear_a a_o spirit_n not_o to_o have_v see_v these_o impossibility_n but_o he_o have_v choose_v to_o dissemble_v they_o that_o he_o may_v have_v the_o more_o ample_a matter_n of_o contest_v and_o not_o be_v oblige_v to_o conclude_v with_o i_o that_o since_o the_o image_n of_o object_n which_o the_o sense_n have_v perceive_v be_v preserve_v in_o the_o memory_n they_o must_v be_v different_a from_o those_o which_o the_o object_n send_v thither_o and_o that_o otherwise_o they_o will_v not_o be_v proportionable_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o soul_n the_o image_n which_o the_o imagination_n form_n be_v different_a from_o those_o which_o pass_v from_o the_o object_n as_o those_o be_v of_o the_o understanding_n on_o what_o i_o have_v say_v that_o the_o imagination_n ought_v to_o form_v different_a image_n from_o those_o which_o come_v from_o without_o since_o the_o understanding_n form_v those_o which_o be_v different_a from_o those_o wherewith_o the_o imagination_n and_o the_o sense_n furnish_v it_o m._n c._n answer_n that_o i_o prove_v not_o this_o consequence_n and_o that_o i_o can_v say_v nothing_o which_o hinder_v he_o from_o deny_v it_o for_o my_o part_n i_o doubt_v not_o but_o he_o may_v deny_v whatever_o i_o may_v produce_v which_o be_v most_o certain_a and_o most_o evident_a after_o have_v protest_v that_o he_o will_v stick_v to_o the_o negative_a if_o he_o act_v otherwise_o he_o will_v betray_v his_o cause_n and_o give_v himself_o the_o lie_n however_o it_o be_v any_o man_n but_o he_o without_o any_o doubt_n will_v find_v this_o consequence_n good_a the_o understanding_n to_o know_v form_n image_n according_a to_o its_o nature_n whence_o the_o imagination_n to_o know_v ought_v also_o to_o form_v image_n conformable_a to_o its_o nature_n for_o since_o these_o two_o faculty_n have_v that_o in_o common_a that_o they_o know_v they_o must_v needs_o also_o have_v some_o action_n which_o must_v be_v common_a unto_o they_o to_o form_v knowledge_n now_o it_o be_v certain_a the_o understanding_n form_v its_o image_n because_o they_o be_v spiritual_a and_o that_o the_o understanding_n only_o can_v produce_v they_o the_o imagination_n must_v also_o produce_v she_o since_o there_o be_v no_o action_n which_o can_v be_v common_a to_o these_o two_o faculty_n unless_o it_o be_v the_o production_n of_o image_n m._n c._n add_v that_o it_o will_v from_o thence_o follow_v that_o the_o imagination_n ought_v to_o make_v universal_a and_o spiritual_a conception_n
proposition_n as_o he_o say_v whence_o he_o infer_v that_o its_o useless_a and_o therefore_o that_o therein_o there_o be_v no_o syllogism_n the_o reason_n he_o bring_v be_v that_o since_o before_o the_o beast_n form_v the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o syllogism_n he_o judge_v that_o the_o sweet_a which_o he_o hold_v betwixt_o his_o tooth_n be_v good_a to_o eat_v he_o must_v of_o necessity_n eat_v it_o because_o knowledge_n be_v give_v to_o beast_n but_o to_o raise_v their_o appetite_n which_o be_v force_v to_o move_v itself_o by_o the_o first_o pactical_a judgement_n they_o make_v and_o which_o consequent_o give_v they_o not_o the_o leisure_n to_o philosophise_v on_o useless_a proposition_n and_o i_o for_o my_o part_n say_v that_o m._n c._n have_v not_o give_v himself_o the_o leisure_n to_o philosophise_v on_o these_o useful_a and_o necessary_a proposition_n for_o there_o be_v not_o one_o of_o the_o reason_n he_o bring_v which_o witness_v not_o its_o precipitation_n some_o be_v find_v so_o contrary_a to_o what_o he_o say_v present_o after_o other_o be_v doubtful_a or_o false_a and_o all_o of_o they_o want_v that_o strict_a connexion_n which_o make_v good_a consequence_n in_o effect_n after_o have_v object_v against_o i_o that_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o propose_a syllogism_n which_o be_v not_o in_o the_o second_o proposition_n he_o say_v that_o i_o have_v do_v better_a to_o have_v reduce_v it_o to_o this_o enthymema_n this_o white_a be_v sweet_a than_o its_o good_a to_o eat_v but_o i_o will_v willing_o ask_v he_o whether_o in_o this_o enthymema_n there_o be_v any_o thing_n in_o the_o conclusion_n which_o be_v not_o in_o the_o antecedent_n if_o he_o grant_v it_o there_o must_v also_o necessary_o be_v in_o the_o conclusion_n of_o our_o syllogism_n somewhat_o which_o be_v not_o in_o the_o second_o proposition_n since_o the_o antecedent_n it_o like_o 〈◊〉_d to_o the_o second_o proposition_n if_o he_o deny_v it_o how_o will_v he_o have_v i_o make_v a_o enthymema_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v compose_v of_o two_o proposition_n for_o although_o in_o course_n he_o have_v condemn_v it_o it_o be_v not_o because_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o the_o conclusion_n which_o be_v not_o in_o the_o antecedent_n but_o because_o it_o must_v be_v as_o he_o say_v that_o the_o beast_n must_v know_v that_o all_o what_o be_v sweet_a be_v good_a to_o eat_v we_o shall_v examine_v this_o reason_n hereafter_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n let_v m.c._n if_o he_o can_v disentangle_a himself_o out_o of_o the_o puzzle_n this_o answer_n have_v put_v he_o in_o to_o take_v the_o depth_n of_o the_o business_n we_o must_v see_v whether_o true_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o the_o conclusion_n of_o our_o syllogism_n which_o be_v not_o in_o the_o second_o proposition_n certain_o if_o these_o proposition_n be_v different_a for_o be_v compose_v of_o term_n which_o signify_v different_a thing_n these_o two_o be_v also_o different_a the_o one_o from_o the_o other_o as_o some_z other_o which_o may_v enter_v into_o a_o syllogism_n since_o sweet_a be_v the_o subject_n of_o the_o minor_a and_o white_a be_v the_o subject_n of_o the_o conclusion_n and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v conceive_v that_o to_o be_v sweet_a be_v the_o same_o thing_n as_o to_o be_v white_a m.c._n can_v with_o reason_n contest_v this_o truth_n but_o say_v he_o that_o the_o beast_n shall_v stop_v at_o the_o minor_a without_o go_v to_o the_o conclusion_n because_o that_o at_o the_o same_o time_n he_o know_v that_o the_o white_a be_v sweet_a he_o also_o know_v that_o its_o good_a to_o eat_v and_o that_o he_o must_v necessary_o eat_v it_o without_o have_v time_n to_o form_v the_o conclusion_n and_o what_o may_v he_o not_o be_v hinder_v from_o eat_v it_o and_o in_o that_o case_n it_o be_v not_o true_a that_o it_o be_v a_o necessary_a thing_n he_o must_v eat_v it_o and_o that_o he_o may_v not_o have_v the_o leisure_n to_o conclude_v without_o doubt_n m._n c._n have_v confound_v the_o action_n with_o the_o desire_n for_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o a_o beast_n know_v a_o thing_n sweet_a it_o common_o at_o the_o same_o time_n know_v it_o good_a to_o eat_v and_o then_o he_o desire_v it_o at_o the_o same_o time_n but_o it_o follow_v not_o from_o thence_o that_o he_o must_v eat_v it_o and_o that_o he_o must_v not_o make_v as_o many_o different_a proposition_n as_o he_o unite_v different_a notion_n now_o the_o notion_n of_o white_a and_o sweet_a be_v different_a from_o that_o of_o good_a to_o eat_v and_o therefore_o the_o beast_n make_v as_o many_o several_a proposition_n of_o these_o three_o term_n as_o it_o direct_o unite_v they_o the_o strong_a difficulty_n and_o objection_n of_o m.c._n consist_v in_o this_o that_o these_o proposition_n be_v make_v at_o the_o same_o time_n and_o that_o discourse_n require_v they_o shall_v be_v make_v the_o one_o after_o the_o other_o whereupon_o we_o be_v to_o demonstrate_v two_o thing_n to_o wit_n that_o they_o be_v not_o always_o do_v at_o one_o time_n and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a for_o discourse_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v do_v with_o time_n for_o the_o first_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o a_o beast_n may_v know_v that_o a_o thing_n be_v sweet_a without_o judge_v that_o its_o good_a to_o eat_v because_o that_o if_o he_o judge_v it_o good_a to_o eat_v he_o will_v desire_v to_o eat_v it_o and_o in_o effect_n will_v eat_v it_o if_o he_o be_v not_o hinder_v now_o a_o beast_n which_o be_v not_o hungry_a desire_v not_o to_o eat_v what_o he_o have_v find_v sweet_a and_o consequent_o judge_v not_o that_o it_o be_v good_a to_o eat_v for_o since_o the_o sensitive_a appetite_n be_v force_v to_o move_v itself_o upon_o the_o first_o practical_a judgement_n which_o the_o imagination_n make_v as_o m._n c._n say_v and_o as_o its_o true_a if_o this_o beast_n have_v judge_v that_o a_o thing_n be_v good_a to_o eat_v it_o must_v necessary_o follow_v that_o after_o this_o practical_a judgement_n he_o must_v desire_v to_o eat_v it_o and_o by_o the_o same_o necessity_n that_o he_o must_v eat_v it_o in_o effect_n be_v there_o no_o hindrance_n he_o may_v then_o know_v a_o sweet_a thing_n by_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o taste_n which_o can_v deceive_v he_o and_o not_o judge_v it_o good_a to_o eat_v because_o he_o have_v no_o need_n to_o eat_v thus_o these_o two_o notion_n be_v not_o make_v at_o the_o same_o time_n as_o m._n c._n will_v have_v it_o and_o therefore_o they_o may_v enter_v into_o the_o form_n of_o a_o syllogism_n perhaps_o he_o may_v object_v against_o we_o that_o the_o example_n we_o have_v propose_v suppose_v the_o beast_n press_v with_o hunger_n that_o he_o have_v need_n to_o eat_v and_o in_o that_o case_n that_o these_o two_o proposition_n must_v be_v make_v at_o the_o same_o time_n but_o all_o he_o can_v infer_v from_o thence_o be_v that_o this_o example_n be_v not_o good_a and_o that_o another_o must_v be_v produce_v where_o these_o proposition_n must_v be_v make_v the_o one_o after_o the_o other_o which_o will_v be_v very_o easy_a to_o do_v yet_o beside_o what_o we_o may_v say_v that_o this_o beast_n before_o it_o be_v press_v with_o hunger_n may_v have_v know_v the_o thing_n be_v sweet_a and_o remember_v it_o afterward_o when_o he_o be_v hungry_a without_o any_o new_a proof_n and_o may_v then_o judge_v it_o to_o be_v good_a to_o eat_v have_v before_o judge_v that_o it_o be_v sweet_a and_o so_o these_o two_o notion_n will_v not_o have_v be_v make_v at_o the_o same_o time_n without_o amuse_v ourselves_o to_o answer_v these_o vain_a objection_n we_o must_v make_v m.c._n see_v that_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o discourse_v for_o the_o proposition_n which_o compose_v it_o to_o be_v make_v at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o one_o may_v reason_v in_o a_o moment_n first_o shall_v a_o man_n judge_n by_o the_o nature_n of_o knowledge_n he_o may_v well_o perceive_v that_o so_o excellent_a a_o action_n ought_v to_o be_v make_v with_o all_o the_o readiness_n observable_a in_o those_o which_o be_v less_o noble_a than_o it_o since_o that_o way_n of_o agitate_v be_v one_o part_n of_o its_o perfection_n and_o the_o more_o perfect_a the_o cause_n be_v the_o more_o ready_o they_o agitate_v in_o effect_n there_o be_v nothing_o on_o the_o faculty_n part_v which_o hinder_v it_o from_o know_v in_o a_o instant_n and_o it_o be_v no_o less_o natural_a unto_o it_o so_o to_o agitate_v then_o it_o be_v for_o light_n and_o colour_n who_o have_v no_o need_n of_o time_n to_o produce_v their_o species_n experience_v evident_o show_v we_o this_o truth_n in_o the_o sense_n who_o know_v their_o object_n at_o the_o same_o instant_n they_o represent_v themselves_o unto_o they_o for_o if_o to_o know_v thing_n they_o must_v produce_v the_o image_n
of_o they_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o know_v they_o in_o a_o moment_n they_o also_o in_o a_o moment_n must_v form_v the_o image_n of_o they_o but_o this_o appear_v not_o only_o in_o the_o first_o conception_n of_o the_o soul_n we_o will_v experiment_n it_o in_o the_o proposition_n and_o in_o those_o design_n which_o it_o form_n in_o a_o instant_n and_o what_o we_o have_v say_v of_o dream_n sufficient_o declare_v that_o it_o need_v not_o time_n to_o unite_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v different_a and_o which_o have_v no_o other_o natural_a connexion_n the_o one_o with_o other_o so_o that_o all_o the_o doubt_n which_o may_v arise_v from_o hence_o seem_v to_o fall_v on_o the_o union_n of_o several_a proposition_n and_o chief_o when_o they_o compose_v a_o perfect_a ratiocination_n but_o whosoever_o will_v but_o consult_v with_o himself_o and_o mind_n but_o his_o own_o tbought_n he_o will_v easy_o believe_v that_o there_o be_v no_o thing_n which_o follow_v one_o another_o with_o that_o swiftness_n and_o that_o if_o there_o be_v any_o succession_n among_o they_o it_o be_v a_o succession_n of_o order_n or_o of_o nature_n and_o not_o of_o time_n and_o if_o he_o will_v not_o trust_v to_o his_o own_o judgement_n anim_fw-la 2._o poster_n 1_o de_fw-la motu_fw-la anim_fw-la and_o that_o he_o will_v know_v what_o aristotle_n be_v and_o he_o shall_v learn_v from_o he_o that_o the_o minor_a and_o the_o conclusion_n of_o a_o syllogism_n be_v know_v at_o the_o same_o time_n since_o to_o know_v and_o to_o make_v a_o proposition_n be_v the_o same_o thing_n whence_o we_o may_v conclude_v that_o at_o least_o two_o proposition_n which_o have_v connexion_n together_o may_v be_v find_v in_o one_o moment_n now_o if_o this_o be_v true_a as_o the_o school_n assure_v we_o it_o be_v a_o great_a likelihood_n that_o the_o two_o first_o proposition_n of_o a_o syllogism_n may_v be_v know_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n since_o it_o seem_v there_o be_v no_o reason_n why_o the_o minor_a and_o the_o conclusion_n be_v know_v at_o the_o same_o time_n more_o than_o the_o major_a and_o the_o minor_a thus_o we_o shall_v be_v constrain_v to_o confess_v that_o the_o whole_a syllogism_n may_v be_v make_v at_o the_o same_o time_n but_o without_o make_v use_n of_o the_o force_n of_o authority_n that_o of_o the_o follow_a reason_n may_v disannul_v all_o doubt_n and_o entire_o decide_v the_o question_n those_o who_o exercise_n themselves_o to_o discourse_n on_o any_o subject_n find_v so_o great_a a_o facility_n in_o it_o that_o in_o a_o moment_n they_o see_v all_o the_o consequence_n which_o may_v be_v draw_v from_o thence_o and_o as_o they_o say_v know_v the_o conclusion_n in_o the_o principle_n in_o these_o encounter_v they_o of_o necessity_n must_v reason_v otherwise_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o through_o the_o strength_n of_o reason_v they_o shall_v cease_v to_o reason_n and_o then_o the_o habit_n which_o they_o have_v acquire_v of_o it_o ju_v to_o perfect_a their_o ratiocination_n shall_v whole_o destroy_v it_o which_o will_v be_v a_o very_a strange_a thing_n and_o very_o singular_a since_o all_o other_o habit_n do_v not_o change_v the_o nature_n and_o essence_n of_o their_o action_n and_o tend_v only_a to_o render_v they_o more_o perfect_a and_o more_o accomplish_a now_o it_o will_v neither_o be_v to_o leave_v ratiocination_n in_o its_o nature_n nor_o to_o render_v it_o more_o accomplish_v to_o take_v it_o quite_o away_o as_o it_o will_v undoubted_o happen_v if_o it_o change_v to_o another_o kind_n of_o knowledge_n incompatible_a with_o itself_o that_o the_o understanding_n suppose_v ratiocination_n it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o say_v that_o the_o understanding_n which_o be_v acquire_v in_o pursuit_n be_v a_o high_a and_o more_o noble_a action_n then_o that_o of_o reason_v and_o that_o for_o that_o cause_n the_o angel_n reason_v not_o have_v no_o other_o knowledge_n than_o understanding_n as_o that_o which_o be_v most_o perfect_a and_o most_o comformable_a to_o their_o nature_n for_o from_o thence_o it_o can_v be_v infer_v that_o the_o understanding_n be_v not_o a_o true_a ratiocination_n but_o only_o that_o it_o be_v more_o exquisite_a and_o that_o it_o have_v not_o those_o defect_n which_o be_v meet_v withal_o in_o we_o of_o a_o truth_n the_o time_n which_o we_o employ_v to_o form_v they_o be_v no_o essential_a thing_n it_o be_v a_o imperfection_n which_o happen_v to_o they_o from_o the_o weight_n and_o weakness_n of_o our_o spirit_n which_o hinder_v it_o from_o be_v able_a at_o once_o to_o penetrate_v the_o nature_n of_o some_o thing_n and_o at_o one_o view_n to_o see_v the_o several_a relation_n they_o have_v among_o themselves_o but_o as_o by_o exercise_n and_o habit_n these_o defect_n be_v to_o be_v correct_v so_o this_o imperfection_n be_v to_o be_v take_v away_o from_o raticionation_n and_o they_o may_v be_v find_v with_o that_o swiftness_n that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o interval_n betwixt_o the_o antecedent_n and_o the_o conclusion_n which_o be_v draw_v from_o it_o to_o come_v back_o to_o the_o understanding_n although_o it_o be_v make_v in_o a_o instant_n it_o change_v neither_o the_o order_n nor_o the_o connexion_n which_o thing_n have_v among_o themselves_o forasmuch_o as_o she_o make_v know_v the_o first_o as_o first_o the_o second_o as_o second_o and_o so_o of_o the_o rest_n according_a to_o the_o natural_a order_n they_o observe_v now_o this_o necessary_o carry_v the_o disposition_n and_o the_o knit_n together_o which_o be_v in_o the_o syllogism_n forasmuch_o as_o if_o we_o know_v the_o connextion_n which_o the_o first_o have_v with_o the_o second_o and_o that_o which_o the_o second_o have_v with_o the_o three_o we_o must_v at_o last_o of_o necessity_n come_v to_o know_v the_o connexion_n which_o the_o first_o have_v with_o the_o three_o since_o its_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o precedent_n and_o that_o the_o effect_n be_v ever_o posterior_n to_o its_o cause_n in_o the_o order_n of_o nature_n although_o it_o be_v not_o always_o in_o the_o order_n of_o time_n let_v a_o man_n not_o say_v that_o these_o thing_n present_v not_o themselves_o entire_a and_o that_o its_o the_o same_o as_o with_o several_a object_n which_o be_v seem_v at_o the_o same_o time_n it_o be_v needless_a for_o the_o soul_n to_o join_v they_o and_o consequent_o to_o make_v any_o judgement_n or_o discourse_n upon_o they_o beside_o that_o these_o several_a relation_n and_o different_a connexion_n can_v be_v know_v without_o compare_v of_o thing_n and_o that_o they_o can_v be_v compare_v but_o that_o the_o mind_n must_v alternative_o go_v from_o one_o to_o another_o to_o observe_v the_o mutual_a relation_n which_o they_o have_v together_o which_o can_v be_v do_v without_o discourse_n discourse_n that_o angel_n discourse_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v believe_v that_o this_o high_a knowledge_n which_o be_v attribute_v to_o angel_n shall_v be_v like_o the_o first_o notion_n of_o sense_n neither_o be_v it_o a_o simple_a conception_n or_o apprehension_n of_o object_n the_o order_n of_o nature_n will_v have_v it_o that_o if_o there_o be_v in_o we_o any_o faculty_n or_o action_n which_o be_v to_o be_v communicate_v to_o such_o pure_a and_o perfect_a spirit_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o most_o noble_a and_o the_o most_o excellent_a now_o by_o consent_n of_o all_o the_o philosopher_n the_o three_o operation_n of_o the_o understanding_n be_v more_o noble_a than_o the_o first_o and_o therefore_o it_o must_v be_v that_o which_o be_v common_a to_o we_o with_o they_o they_o must_v know_v all_o thing_n by_o that_o and_o i_o even_o dare_v say_v that_o all_o their_o knowledge_n be_v but_o a_o perpetual_a ratiocination_n because_o they_o know_v not_o as_o we_o do_v the_o thing_n successive_o and_o by_o parcel_n but_o see_v all_o at_o once_o what_o be_v in_o they_o and_o observe_v all_o the_o relation_n they_o have_v one_o with_o another_o it_o be_v almost_o impossible_a but_o in_o so_o great_a a_o concourse_n of_o different_a object_n and_o in_o the_o several_a return_v which_o their_o understanding_n be_v oblige_v to_o make_v on_o they_o but_o they_o must_v incessant_o reason_n it_o seem_v even_o that_o this_o wonderful_a disposition_n which_o god_n have_v put_v through_o all_o the_o universe_n require_v that_o since_o those_o thing_n which_o hold_v the_o last_o degree_n of_o knowledge_n can_v never_o know_v their_o object_n but_o by_o simple_a and_o primary_n notion_n those_o which_o be_v in_o the_o supreme_a degree_n and_o which_o be_v most_o perfect_a of_o all_o ought_v never_o to_o know_v they_o but_o by_o discourse_n i_o know_v well_o that_o in_o the_o school_n there_o be_v those_o which_o say_v that_o angel_n have_v no_o simple_a conception_n and_o apprehension_n and_o that_o they_o know_v thing_n by_o make_v affirmation_n and_o negation_n by_o a_o simple_a judgement_n which_o they_o call_v by_o intelligence_n
a_o army_n to_o combat_v it_o and_o to_o afford_v it_o a_o whole_a chapter_n for_o the_o pitch_a field_n let_v we_o therefore_o a_o while_n observe_v these_o new_a enemy_n and_o first_o of_o all_o i_o see_v m.c._n send_v forth_o his_o forlorn-hope_a i_o call_v all_o that_o part_n so_o which_o he_o have_v say_v concern_v custom_n in_o the_o page_n 145_o and_o 146._o which_o nothing_o concern_v the_o question_n in_o debate_n and_o after_o several_a feign_v which_o he_o make_v to_o baffle_v what_o we_o have_v demonstrate_v concern_v the_o production_n and_o union_n of_o image_n at_o last_o he_o come_v to_o the_o assault_n and_o pretend_v to_o show_v that_o the_o imagination_n have_v no_o knowledge_n at_o all_o of_o thing_n past_a present_a and_o to_o come_v whereupon_o be_v ground_v all_o the_o strength_n of_o his_o reason_n in_o effect_n he_o well_o foresee_v that_o if_o he_o grant_v that_o the_o presence_n of_o some_o object_n make_v some_o beast_n remember_v past_a thing_n and_o make_v they_o expect_v the_o like_a from_o thence_o to_o come_v he_o will_v be_v oblige_v to_o confess_v that_o they_o reason_n as_o we_o may_v judge_v by_o what_o he_o have_v say_v of_o fear_n p._n 155._o for_o which_o cause_n he_o bold_o deny_v it_o to_o be_v true_a and_o make_v all_o his_o endeavour_n to_o prove_v that_o the_o imagination_n know_v no_o difference_n of_o time_n but_o to_o what_o purpose_n serve_v all_o these_o reason_n if_o the_o experience_n we_o have_v produce_v convince_v they_o of_o error_n all_o the_o world_n know_v and_o all_o the_o world_n see_v that_o beast_n hope_v that_o they_o fear_v that_o they_o desire_v and_o consequent_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v that_o they_o must_v know_v future_a thing_n since_o all_o these_o passion_n be_v move_v only_o by_o the_o good_a or_o ill_n which_o be_v to_o come_v now_o if_o this_o be_v so_o it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o labour_v to_o show_v that_o they_o can_v know_v no_o difference_n of_o time_n wherefore_o before_o we_o examine_v what_o he_o have_v produce_v to_o prove_v this_o proposition_n we_o must_v see_v what_o he_o oppose_v to_o this_o experience_n and_o what_o address_n he_o use_v to_o withdraw_v himself_o from_o so_o ill_a a_o pass_n beast_n hope_v for_o thing_n to_o come_v first_o he_o accuse_v i_o not_o to_o speak_v wholesome_o when_o i_o say_v that_o beast_n hope_v because_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o write_v that_o to_o speak_v wholesome_o there_o be_v none_o but_o man_n do_v hope_n and_o that_o all_o other_o animal_n have_v but_o a_o shadow_n of_o hope_n as_o well_o as_o of_o reason_n whence_o he_o conclude_v that_o since_o that_o time_n the_o action_n of_o beast_n have_v not_o change_v their_o nature_n and_o that_o it_o do_v not_o become_v a_o philosopher_n to_o make_v that_o pass_n for_o a_o truth_n which_o be_v so_o only_o in_o shadow_n and_o appearance_n certain_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o judge_v by_o this_o answer_n that_o m._n c._n be_v very_o much_o puzzle_v here_o and_o have_v no_o reason_n to_o destroy_v the_o hope_n of_o beast_n he_o will_v charge_v his_o fable_n upon_o the_o reader_n and_o withdraw_v himself_o from_o the_o danger_n by_o make_v use_n of_o my_o word_n but_o without_o reproach_v he_o as_o he_o have_v do_v i_o that_o this_o kind_n of_o proceed_v be_v not_o become_v a_o man_n who_o seek_v the_o truth_n and_o that_o it_o smell_v more_o of_o the_o sophister_n then_o of_o the_o philosopher_n he_o will_v give_v i_o leave_v to_o say_v that_o what_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o write_v on_o the_o same_o subject_n be_v not_o here_o to_o be_v bring_v in_o question_n in_o which_o happy_o i_o may_v have_v be_v deceive_v but_o to_o know_v whether_o it_o be_v true_a that_o beast_n hope_v for_o if_o it_o be_v so_o they_o must_v hope_v for_o the_o good_a to_o come_v and_o know_v future_a thing_n .._o be_v i_o he_o alone_o who_o hold_v this_o opinion_n perhaps_o the_o contradiction_n which_o m._n c._n observe_v in_o my_o word_n may_v render_v it_o suspicious_a but_o aristotle_n st_n thomas_n in_o a_o word_n all_o the_o school_n be_v of_o that_o opinion_n and_o there_o be_v no_o philosopher_n of_o esteem_n who_o acknowledge_v not_o hope_n to_o be_v in_o beast_n &_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o future_a in_o hope_n even_o m_o c._n can_v but_o be_v of_o that_o opinion_n 40._o 9_o hist_o 1._o 1._o 2._o q._n 40._o since_o he_o believe_v beast_n be_v capable_a of_o desire_n for_o hope_n be_v only_o different_a from_o desire_n by_o the_o difficulty_n we_o figure_v of_o obtain_v the_o good_a which_o we_o have_v not_o now_o beast_n may_v desire_v a_o good_a which_o they_o may_v judge_v difficult_a to_o obtain_v and_o consequent_o may_v hope_v for_o it_o m._n c._n must_v therefore_o confess_v the_o truth_n of_o this_o experience_n or_o prepare_v another_o answer_n then_o what_o he_o have_v produce_v since_o it_o satisfy_v not_o the_o common_a opinion_n which_o have_v no_o interest_n in_o the_o contradiction_n which_o he_o have_v find_v in_o my_o writing_n but_o shall_v m._n c._n possible_o have_v believe_v that_o true_a which_o i_o say_v in_o another_o place_n in_o the_o elegy_n of_o hope_n be_v contrary_a to_o what_o i_o here_o affirm_v do_v he_o not_o observe_v that_o it_o be_v a_o rhetorical_a discourse_n wherein_o we_o give_v more_o liberty_n to_o word_n and_o wherein_o term_n keep_v not_o to_o that_o severity_n which_o dogmatical_a discourse_n require_v but_o what_o if_o he_o have_v say_v that_o to_o speak_v sober_o true_a philosopher_n only_a reason_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o man_n have_v but_o a_o shadow_n of_o ratiocination_n have_v he_o not_o make_v a_o proposition_n which_o in_o some_o sense_n be_v most_o true_a and_o will_v he_o not_o just_o have_v deride_v those_o who_o from_o thence_o will_v have_v induce_v that_o other_o man_n do_v not_o reason_n do_v he_o believe_v that_o when_o plato_n assert_n that_o all_o what_o be_v here_o below_o be_v but_o the_o shadow_n of_o thing_n which_o be_v in_o their_o idea_n do_v he_o then_o belâ—eve_v there_o be_v nothing_o real_a or_o true_a they_o be_v way_n of_o speak_v which_o all_o language_n have_v use_v to_o observe_v how_o some_o thing_n be_v estrange_v from_o the_o perfection_n of_o other_o and_o it_o be_v to_o deprive_v they_o of_o their_o fair_a ornament_n and_o of_o their_o most_o splendent_a light_n to_o take_v away_o from_o they_o their_o shadow_n and_o their_o figure_n when_o i_o therefore_o affirm_v that_o man_n only_o do_v hope_n and_o that_o beast_n have_v but_o a_o shadow_n of_o hope_n i_o mean_v nothing_o else_o but_o that_o human_a hope_n be_v more_o noble_a and_o more_o elevate_v then_o that_o of_o beast_n and_o that_o in_o comparison_n of_o that_o the_o other_o be_v so_o base_a and_o imperfect_a that_o it_o do_v not_o seem_v to_o deserve_v the_o name_n of_o hope_n and_o have_v only_o the_o appearance_n and_o figure_n of_o it_o but_o from_o thence_o to_o conclude_v that_o i_o be_v fall_v into_o a_o contradiction_n when_o i_o elsewhere_o say_v that_o they_o do_v hope_n he_o must_v either_o be_v a_o very_a ill_a frenchman_n or_o a_o very_a ill_a logician_n beast_n fear_v the_o evil_a to_o come_v for_o what_o concern_v fear_n there_o be_v no_o great_a difficulty_n as_o m_n c._n say_v there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o it_o the_o one_o in_o effect_n be_v a_o ratiocination_n and_o a_o consideration_n of_o what_o be_v not_o present_a to_o our_o sense_n but_o which_o we_o infer_v aught_o to_o happen_v unto_o we_o this_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o beast_n but_o there_o be_v another_o which_o we_o call_v proper_o fear_v or_o fright_v of_o which_o all_o beast_n be_v capable_a and_o must_v not_o therefore_o know_v what_o be_v to_o come_v for_o we_o be_v fright_v with_o present_a object_n and_o even_o with_o those_o which_o be_v past_a so_o as_o the_o image_n be_v present_a i_o shall_v with_o m.c._n acknowledge_v then_o two_o sort_n of_o fear_n and_o i_o hope_v elsewhere_o to_o speak_v more_o full_o of_o they_o then_o i_o can_v do_v here_o but_o i_o do_v not_o mean_a to_o distinguish_v they_o as_o he_o do_v and_o to_o exclude_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o future_a from_o none_o of_o they_o because_o it_o be_v to_o destroy_v they_o and_o confound_v several_a passion_n in_o one_o in_o effect_n be_v the_o evil_a present_a there_o will_v be_v no_o fear_n it_o will_v be_v grief_n consternation_n or_o such_o like_a and_o m._n c._n of_o necessity_n must_v take_v frightfulness_n for_o a_o kind_n or_o species_n of_o fear_n which_o it_o participate_v to_o all_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o gender_n now_o fear_v in_o general_n suppose_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o evil_a to_o come_v as_o all_o our_o master_n and_o all_o our_o book_n teach_v we_o and_o consequent_o
the_o reason_n which_o m._n c._n examine_v here_o will_v still_o remain_v in_o full_a force_n and_o it_o will_v still_o be_v true_a that_o dog_n and_o hawk_n do_v not_o pursue_v their_o game_n how_o good_a soever_o it_o appear_v unto_o they_o if_o they_o judge_v it_o to_o be_v out_o of_o reach_n it_o remain_v now_o for_o we_o to_o observe_v whether_o he_o have_v weaken_v it_o by_o any_o other_o objection_n more_o considerable_a than_o that_o he_o for_o a_o second_o reason_n add_v that_o dog_n often_o cease_v to_o pursue_v the_o game_n although_o it_o be_v not_o out_o of_o reach_n their_o imagination_n be_v divert_v that_o on_o the_o contrary_n they_o do_v not_o forbear_v to_o pursue_v what_o be_v too_o far_o off_o to_o be_v take_v and_o if_o they_o do_v stop_v it_o be_v either_o out_o of_o weariness_n or_o out_o of_o distraction_n but_o also_o most_o common_o because_o that_o a_o object_n a_o far_o off_o draw_v not_o at_o all_o i_o shall_v grant_v he_o all_o what_o he_o here_o say_v except_v that_o adamantine_a virtue_n wherewith_o he_o believe_v object_n draw_v the_o power_n of_o the_o mind_n for_o it_o be_v a_o extravagant_a opinion_n which_o can_v be_v maintain_v by_o any_o reason_n and_o which_o destroy_v the_o nature_n of_o knowledge_n and_o the_o principle_n of_o philosophy_n without_o lie_v i_o wonder_v that_o so_o clear_a a_o spirit_n as_o be_v m._n c_n shall_v not_o have_v perceive_v that_o all_o what_o he_o have_v say_v make_v nothing_o against_o what_o i_o have_v propose_v when_o i_o say_v that_o dog_n often_o do_v not_o pursue_v their_o prey_n because_o they_o judge_v it_o too_o far_o off_o and_o that_o for_o his_o part_n he_o also_o assure_v that_o often_o they_o do_v not_o pursue_v it_o because_o their_o imagination_n be_v divert_v we_o be_v nothing_o contrary_a the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o and_o both_o may_v have_v be_v in_o the_o right_n have_v i_o say_v that_o they_o never_o pursue_v their_o prey_n when_o it_o be_v too_o far_o off_o and_o that_o the_o distance_n be_v the_o only_a cause_n they_o cease_v to_o pursue_v it_o he_o will_v have_v reason_n to_o object_n against_o i_o that_o distraction_n often_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o they_o do_v not_o pursue_v it_o and_o even_o that_o they_o sometime_o pursue_v it_o when_o it_o be_v out_o of_o reach_n for_o all_o this_o may_v be_v true_a although_o i_o do_v not_o believe_v they_o judge_v it_o to_o be_v out_o of_o reach_v when_o they_o pursue_v it_o for_o a_o animal_n can_v undertake_v a_o thing_n without_o judge_v it_o possible_a yet_o this_o hinder_v not_o that_o often_o also_o the_o only_a knowledge_n of_o the_o distance_n be_v cause_n of_o their_o forbearance_n and_o m.c._n have_v produce_v no_o proof_n to_o the_o contrary_a i_o see_v nothing_o that_o diminish_v the_o strength_n of_o i_o nor_o which_o oblige_v i_o to_o change_v my_o opinion_n in_o effect_n why_o shall_v not_o the_o distance_n hinder_v a_o dog_n from_o pursue_v his_o prey_n since_o he_o well_o know_v the_o height_n of_o a_o precipice_n and_o that_o that_o only_a knowledge_n be_v able_a to_o retain_v and_o hinder_v he_o from_o throw_v himself_o down_o it_o i_o see_v no_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o and_o if_o m._n c._n will_v grant_v the_o latter_a i_o must_v also_o yield_v to_o the_o former_a and_o at_o last_o confess_v that_o my_o reason_n be_v good_a and_o that_o he_o have_v produce_v nothing_o to_o destroy_v it_o the_o end_n of_o the_o three_o part._n answer_n to_o those_o objection_n make_v against_o the_o reason_n of_o beast_n the_o four_o part_n chap._n i._n the_o first_o objection_n of_o the_o difference_n there_o be_v betwixt_o the_o understanding_n and_o the_o imagination_n have_v show_v you_o in_o my_o first_o work_n that_o the_o imagination_n reason_n i_o will_v ready_o have_v take_v away_o the_o suspicion_n which_o may_v have_v be_v breed_v in_o the_o reader_n mind_n lest_o i_o have_v render_v the_o imagination_n equal_a with_o the_o understanding_n for_o i_o have_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v a_o great_a difference_n between_o they_o two_o first_o for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o imagination_n be_v bound_v to_o corporal_a thing_n necessary_a unto_o life_n and_o common_o restrain_v to_o those_o which_o be_v proper_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o every_o species_n and_o that_o that_o of_o the_o understanding_n extend_v itself_o to_o all_o thing_n whatsoever_o second_o in_o that_o the_o imagination_n form_v no_o universal_a notion_n and_o consequent_o can_v make_v no_o ratiocination_n but_o particular_a one_o instead_o that_o the_o understanding_n have_v the_o liberty_n to_o form_v general_a notion_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o to_o draw_v from_o thence_o universal_a or_o particular_a consequence_n at_o its_o pleasure_n whence_o we_o conclude_v that_o the_o imagination_n be_v not_o only_o inferior_a to_o the_o understanding_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o operate_a but_o also_o in_o the_o order_n of_o nature_n and_o essence_n for_o the_o power_n which_o judge_v of_o all_o thing_n and_o which_o make_v universal_a notion_n can_v be_v tie_v to_o the_o matter_n and_o aught_o to_o be_v spiritual_a forasmuch_o as_o the_o matter_n determine_v and_o can_v admit_v of_o universality_n that_o so_o the_o understanding_n reason_v universal_o aught_o to_o be_v in_o the_o order_n of_o spiritual_a thing_n whereto_o the_o imagination_n can_v pretend_v be_v reduce_v to_o particular_a discourse_n whence_o it_o follow_v that_o speak_v general_o reason_n be_v not_o the_o specific_a difference_n of_o man_n but_o such_o a_o species_n of_o reason_n to_o wit_n universal_a reason_n and_o because_o its_o the_o most_o noble_a and_o the_o most_o perfect_a of_o all_o it_o retain_v the_o name_n of_o the_o whole_a gender_n according_a to_o the_o example_n of_o several_a other_o species_n and_o have_v part_n with_o this_o privilege_n in_o the_o definition_n of_o man_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o therefore_o that_o this_o word_n reason_n although_o it_o shall_v signify_v the_o faculty_n or_o action_n of_o reason_v precise_o make_v the_o essential_a difference_n of_o man_n because_o both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o be_v pure_a accident_n and_o that_o the_o difference_n of_o man_n ought_v to_o be_v a_o substance_n but_o as_o in_o the_o ignorance_n wherein_o we_o be_v of_o the_o last_o difference_n of_o thing_n we_o make_v use_v of_o propriety_n and_o power_n which_o be_v near_a their_o essence_n to_o design_n their_o nature_n philosophy_n which_o herein_o be_v no_o less_o enlighten_v than_o elsewhere_o have_v employ_v the_o faculty_n of_o reason_v to_o mark_v the_o essential_a difference_n of_o man._n but_o to_o follow_v his_o design_n and_o to_o draw_v the_o near_a to_o the_o truth_n we_o must_v conceive_v this_o universal_a faculty_n that_o it_o may_v mark_v the_o order_n of_o nature_n which_o distinguish_v he_o from_o all_o other_o creature_n to_o wit_n spirituality_n and_o therefore_o when_o we_o define_v a_o man_n by_o reason_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o the_o faculty_n of_o reason_v universal_o and_o not_o of_o the_o faculty_n of_o reason_v simple_o which_o be_v common_a to_o he_o with_o beast_n the_o first_o difference_n which_o there_o be_v betwixt_o the_o understanding_n and_o the_o imagination_n i_o imagine_v in_o myself_o that_o there_o be_v no_o reasonable_a man_n who_o ought_v not_o to_o content_v himself_o with_o the_o share_n i_o have_v allot_v he_o in_o the_o distribution_n of_o knowledge_n and_o reason_n yet_o it_o seem_v m_n c._n be_v not_o satisfy_v therewith_o and_o that_o he_o will_v also_o have_v that_o which_o i_o have_v allow_v beast_n and_o will_v take_v from_o they_o that_o small_a portion_n of_o ratiocination_n which_o god_n and_o nature_n have_v give_v they_o first_o he_o approve_v not_o that_o the_o imagination_n be_v different_a from_o the_o understanding_n in_o that_o its_o knowledge_n be_v restrain_v to_o corporal_a thing_n which_o be_v necessary_a to_o life_n and_o proper_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o every_o species_n instead_o that_o that_o of_o the_o understanding_n extend_v to_o all_o thing_n whatsoever_o for_o although_o at_o first_o he_o say_v that_o he_o will_v not_o contest_v thereupon_o if_o i_o will_v not_o make_v these_o knowledge_n pass_v by_o ratiocination_n yet_o without_o remember_v this_o protestation_n he_o present_o after_o say_v p._n 129._o that_o it_o be_v not_o true_a that_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o imagination_n be_v restrain_v to_o thing_n necessary_a for_o life_n and_o proper_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o every_o species_n if_o this_o be_v not_o true_a why_o will_v he_o not_o contest_v it_o be_v it_o that_o he_o will_v contest_v only_a thing_n which_o be_v true_a be_v it_o that_o he_o have_v a_o right_a to_o maintain_v right_a and_o wrong_n and_o to_o change_v his_o opinion_n from_o one_o line_n to_o
to_o say_v beside_o that_o he_o confound_v proposition_n which_o be_v distinct_a and_o separate_v those_o which_o be_v only_o particular_a he_o render_v universal_a and_o thus_o impose_v thing_n on_o i_o which_o i_o never_o think_v of_o the_o reader_n may_v therefore_o observe_v that_o when_o i_o say_v that_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o imagination_n be_v bound_v to_o corporal_a thing_n which_o be_v necessary_a to_o life_n and_o that_o common_o she_o be_v restrain_v to_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v proper_a to_o every_o species_n he_o suppress_v the_o word_n common_o which_o render_v my_o proposition_n particular_a and_o make_v i_o speak_v universal_o as_o if_o i_o have_v say_v that_o its_o equal_o restrain_v to_o those_o which_o be_v proper_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o every_o species_n and_o to_o those_o which_o be_v necessary_a to_o life_n which_o nevertheless_o be_v not_o true_a 2._o he_o will_v have_v it_o that_o i_o make_v beast_n reason_n on_o all_o what_o present_v itself_o to_o their_o sense_n and_o that_o i_o make_v they_o assemble_v all_o the_o image_n which_o they_o have_v in_o the_o memory_n to_o draw_v from_o thence_o consequence_n but_o there_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o difference_n to_o say_v what_o i_o have_v say_v that_o when_o beast_n reason_n they_o reason_n on_o what_o present_v its_o self_n to_o their_o sense_n or_o that_o they_o reason_n of_o sensible_a thing_n which_o be_v necessary_a to_o life_n and_o to_o speak_v as_o m_n c._n do_v that_o they_o reason_n on_o all_o what_o present_v itself_o to_o their_o sense_n for_o i_o confess_v that_o there_o be_v some_o which_o present_v themselves_o to_o their_o sense_n which_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o life_n whereon_o they_o do_v not_o reason_n and_o even_o on_o those_o which_o be_v necessary_a to_o life_n they_o do_v not_o always_o reason_n be_v elsewhere_o divert_v to_o conclude_v they_o assemble_v the_o image_n of_o the_o memory_n not_o all_o as_o m.c._n make_v i_o speak_v but_o only_o those_o which_o agree_v together_o and_o on_o which_o they_o ought_v to_o reason_n after_o this_o its_o easy_a to_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o what_o he_o bring_v to_o show_v that_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o imagination_n be_v not_o bound_v to_o thing_n necessary_a to_o life_n prove_v quite_o the_o contrary_n for_o when_o beast_n reason_v on_o what_o present_v itself_o to_o their_o sense_n and_o on_o the_o thing_n they_o be_v teach_v when_o they_o assemble_v the_o image_n of_o the_o memory_n and_o thence_o draw_v consequence_n in_o fine_a when_o they_o know_v the_o time_n to_o come_v all_o these_o knowledge_n be_v follow_v with_o pleasure_n or_o grief_n with_o hope_n or_o fear_n and_o they_o must_v therefore_o be_v necessary_a to_o life_n since_o these_o passion_n respect_v their_o preservation_n and_o be_v never_o raise_v in_o the_o mind_n unless_o to_o possess_v good_a or_o she_o from_o ill_a for_o the_o rest_n i_o stop_v not_o at_o the_o induction_n which_o he_o will_v draw_v from_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o time_n to_o come_v which_o in_o his_o opinion_n be_v altogether_o spiritual_a for_o i_o have_v make_v it_o full_o appear_v before_o that_o it_o be_v sensible_a and_o that_o therefore_o be_v within_o the_o extent_n of_o the_o object_n which_o i_o have_v assign_v to_o the_o imagination_n the_o second_o difference_n which_o be_v betwixt_o the_o understanding_n and_o the_o imagination_n the_o second_o difference_n which_o we_o have_v find_v betwixt_o the_o understanding_n and_o the_o imagination_n be_v that_o this_o form_n no_o universal_a notion_n so_o that_o consequent_o i_o can_v none_o but_o particular_a ratiocination_n instead_o that_o the_o understanding_n have_v the_o liberty_n to_o form_v general_a notion_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o when_o it_o please_v to_o draw_v from_o thence_o universal_a or_o particular_a consequence_n i_o have_v here_o give_v a_o fair_a field_n to_o m.c._n td_v have_v exercise_v his_o spirit_n and_o i_o do_v believe_v in_o the_o humour_n he_o be_v in_o to_o contradict_v whatever_o he_o encounter_v he_o will_v not_o have_v let_v pass_v so_o important_a a_o proposition_n without_o dispute_v it_o yet_o i_o perceive_v that_o notwithstanding_o it_o have_v great_a philosopher_n for_o its_o enemy_n and_o several_a presumption_n repugnant_a unto_o it_o yet_o it_o have_v escape_v his_o hand_n and_o have_v receive_v no_o touch_n of_o his_o critic_n certain_o instead_o of_o amuse_v himself_o to_o mince_v upon_o word_n as_o he_o do_v in_o this_o chapter_n and_o to_o puzzle_v the_o truth_n by_o petty_a school_n trick_n as_o he_o have_v do_v every_o where_o else_o he_o shall_v have_v examine_v whether_o it_o be_v a_o necessity_n that_o because_o a_o power_n be_v material_a it_o can_v make_v universal_a notion_n principal_o not_o go_v out_o of_o the_o resort_n or_o precinct_n of_o material_a thing_n in_o effect_n when_o the_o sense_n have_v know_v a_o object_n do_v there_o not_o remain_v in_o the_o soul_n a_o general_a notion_n which_o make_v it_o know_v all_o the_o rest_n which_o be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n and_o â—s_v the_o great_a scaliger_n say_v the_o chick_n have_v it_o not_o a_o universal_a image_n of_o the_o kite_n whereby_o it_o know_v every_o kite_n which_o come_v to_o sight_n and_o what_o if_o the_o imagination_n have_v the_o faculty_n to_o judge_v as_o we_o believe_v can_v it_o not_o judge_v through_o all_o the_o extent_n of_o its_o object_n and_o since_o it_o can_v know_v all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a may_v it_o not_o form_v a_o proposition_n which_o may_v comprehend_v all_o the_o object_n it_o have_v the_o knowledge_n of_o for_o example_n can_v it_o not_o judge_v that_o all_o what_o be_v sweet_a be_v good_a or_o at_o least_o that_o all_o the_o sweet_a thing_n it_o know_v be_v good_a and_o when_o a_o sheep_n shall_v see_v divers_a wolf_n together_o will_v it_o not_o judge_v that_o all_o the_o beast_n it_o see_v be_v wolf_n and_o enemy_n to_o attempt_v its_o life_n now_o these_o be_v universal_a proposition_n and_o yet_o the_o imagination_n how_o material_a soever_o she_o be_v be_v capable_a to_o form_v general_a notion_n but_o all_o these_o reason_n be_v weak_a in_o comparison_n of_o those_o which_o establish_v the_o contrary_a opinion_n and_o which_o show_n that_o a_o material_a faculty_n can_v never_o form_v any_o universal_a notion_n for_o its_o certain_a that_o we_o can_v conceive_v a_o universal_a thing_n but_o by_o take_v from_o it_o the_o singularity_n it_o have_v otherwise_o it_o will_v not_o be_v universal_a now_o its_o singularity_n can_v be_v take_v away_o but_o by_o separate_v it_o from_o those_o thing_n which_o render_v it_o singular_a as_o from_o the_o particular_a subject_n be_v in_o and_o from_o the_o other_o condition_n which_o determine_v it_o now_o there_o be_v no_o material_a faculty_n which_o can_v separate_v the_o form_n from_o the_o matter_n nor_o from_o their_o subject_n because_o the_o act_n and_o the_o power_n must_v be_v of_o the_o same_o gender_n and_o that_o the_o power_n which_o be_v material_a and_o compose_v must_v have_v a_o action_n which_o terminate_v in_o somewhat_o which_o be_v material_a and_o compose_v as_o we_o have_v show_v in_o the_o first_o part_n and_o consequent_o the_o imagination_n which_o be_v of_o that_o order_n can_v form_v no_o universal_a notion_n since_o it_o can_v separate_v the_o form_n from_o their_o subject_n beside_o a_o universal_a notion_n suppose_v a_o universal_a power_n and_o a_o universal_a power_n be_v nor_o determine_v at_o least_o in_o respect_n of_o particular_a thing_n over_o which_o its_o universality_n extend_v now_o so_o it_o be_v that_o all_o what_o be_v material_a be_v absolute_o determine_v because_o it_o be_v of_o the_o maliciousness_n of_o the_o matter_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o aristotle_n say_v to_o restrain_v all_o thing_n which_o participate_v of_o it_o to_o its_o nature_n and_o therefore_o the_o matter_n be_v absolute_o singular_a and_o determine_v there_o be_v no_o material_a power_n which_o can_v raise_v itself_o above_o singularity_n or_o produce_v any_o notion_n which_o be_v not_o absolute_o singular_a and_o determine_a what_o shall_v we_o then_o say_v of_o those_o image_n which_o represent_v so_o many_o several_a object_n certain_o they_o be_v not_o proper_o universal_a for_o of_o three_o kind_n of_o thing_n which_o be_v call_v so_o to_o wit_v the_o cause_n which_o produce_v several_a effect_n the_o sign_n which_o represent_v divers_a thing_n and_o the_o nature_n which_o be_v in_o several_a particular_n there_o be_v only_o these_o latter_a which_o be_v essential_o universal_a because_o they_o be_v in_o no_o way_n singular_a and_o that_o the_o unity_n which_o they_o have_v hinder_v they_o not_o from_o be_v in_o effect_n in_o many_o particular_n instead_o that_o the_o other_o be_v effectual_o singular_a and_o altogether_o exterior_a to_o the_o thing_n in_o respect_n
all_o thing_n he_o deceive_v himself_o he_o will_v without_o doubt_n say_v that_o they_o stay_v less_o on_o universal_a notion_n because_o they_o go_v to_o the_o particular_a difference_n of_o thing_n so_o that_o grosser_n spirit_n which_o can_v penetrate_v so_o far_o be_v force_v to_o stop_v at_o universal_a notion_n but_o indeed_o a_o man_n have_v need_n of_o less_o spirit_n to_o know_v commonalty_n and_o resemblance_n then_o to_o discern_v difference_n i_o confess_v it_o if_o a_o man_n know_v not_o the_o difference_n but_o he_o must_v also_o confess_v that_o he_o have_v need_n of_o more_o spirit_n to_o know_v community_n with_o the_o difference_n then_o if_o the_o community_n be_v unknown_a now_o the_o difference_n can_v be_v know_v unless_o we_o know_v the_o community_n he_o add_v beside_o that_o every_o time_n that_o our_o reason_n make_v a_o progress_n from_o a_o particular_a knowledge_n to_o a_o universal_a conclusion_n the_o conclusion_n be_v more_o confuse_a and_o more_o imperfect_a than_o the_o knowledge_n whence_o it_o be_v draw_v here_o be_v a_o new_a rule_n of_o logic_n which_o m._n c._n will_v introduce_v which_o never_o any_o thought_n before_o for_o it_o be_v a_o unknown_a thing_n in_o a_o syllogism_n to_o draw_v a_o universal_a conclusion_n from_o a_o particular_a knowledge_n and_o without_o doubt_n before_o he_o establish_v this_o maxim_n he_o must_v ruin_v that_o which_o teach_v that_o the_o conclusion_n ever_o follow_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o most_o imperfect_a of_o the_o antecedent_n proposition_n and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o of_o these_o particular_a or_o negative_a the_o conclusion_n ought_v to_o be_v so_o too_o i_o know_v a_o man_n may_v make_v enthymema's_n where_o the_o antecedent_n shall_v be_v particular_a and_o the_o conclusion_n universal_a but_o beside_o that_o this_o form_n be_v condemn_v as_o vicious_a there_o be_v ever_o a_o universal_a proposition_n or_o a_o induction_n which_o maintain_v the_o universality_n of_o the_o conclusion_n thus_o to_o say_v peter_n be_v reasonable_a then_o every_o man_n be_v reasonable_a this_o consequence_n must_v be_v ground_v on_o the_o induction_n which_o be_v make_v that_o peter_n john_n james_n etc._n etc._n be_v reasonable_a now_o this_o induction_n have_v the_o force_n of_o a_o universal_a proposition_n and_o therefore_o we_o need_v not_o wonder_v if_o the_o consequence_n be_v universal_a whether_o general_a knowledge_n be_v more_o confuse_v than_o the_o particular_a but_o put_v the_o case_n that_o we_o may_v draw_v these_o kind_n of_o consequence_n be_v it_o true_a that_o they_o be_v more_o confuse_v and_o more_o imperfect_a than_o the_o particular_a knowledge_n whence_o they_o be_v draw_v first_o as_o for_o confusion_n the_o distinction_n be_v here_o to_o be_v use_v which_o we_o at_o first_o propose_v and_o we_o must_v say_v that_o if_o we_o conceive_v in_o a_o universal_a conclusion_n the_o universality_n as_o a_o degree_n of_o essence_n which_o make_v part_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o particular_a thing_n it_o be_v so_o far_o from_o render_v the_o knowledge_n more_o confuse_v it_o render_v it_o more_o precise_a and_o distinct_a that_o if_o we_o conceive_v it_o as_o a_o whole_a i_o confess_v that_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o part_n it_o comprehend_v it_o be_v more_o confuse_a but_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o particular_a thing_n whence_o it_o be_v draw_v i_o deny_v it_o to_o be_v confuse_v since_o it_o contain_v all_o the_o distinction_n and_o evidence_n which_o this_o can_v have_v as_o for_o imperfection_n i_o never_o hear_v say_v that_o a_o demonstration_n who_o conclusion_n be_v ever_o universal_a shall_v be_v less_o perfect_a than_o a_o topick_n syllogism_n who_o conclusion_n be_v particular_a yes_o but_o it_o be_v more_o confuse_a be_v it_o true_a the_o confusion_n that_o accompany_v the_o extent_n of_o the_o knowledge_n import_v more_o perfection_n than_o the_o distinction_n which_o be_v restrain_v to_o a_o particular_a knowledge_n yes_o but_o the_o conclusion_n be_v but_o the_o effect_n of_o precedent_a knowledge_n what_o matter_n it_o there_o be_v effect_n who_o nature_n be_v as_o imperfect_a as_o that_o of_o their_o cause_n and_o the_o evidence_n of_o a_o conclusion_n ought_v to_o be_v as_o perfect_a as_o that_o of_o its_o antecedent_n otherwise_o science_n will_v not_o be_v place_v in_o the_o conclusion_n where_o it_o be_v common_o place_v after_o all_o i_o will_v have_v this_o conclusion_n less_o perfect_a the_o particular_a conclusion_n which_o be_v draw_v from_o general_a proposition_n must_v be_v less_o perfect_a than_o they_o be_v in_o this_o case_n m_o c._n will_v be_v deficient_a and_o i_o shall_v even_o have_v a_o advantage_n over_o he_o for_o the_o particular_a conclusion_n which_o he_o make_v upon_o i_o on_o universal_a one_o however_o it_o be_v i_o leave_v the_o rest_n of_o this_o dispute_n to_o be_v decide_v betwixt_o our_o divine_n and_o m.c._n and_o will_v advise_v he_o to_o think_v serious_o what_o he_o will_v answer_v they_o on_o the_o proposition_n they_o make_v that_o angel_n have_v idea_n and_o species_n more_o universal_a according_a as_o their_o nature_n be_v more_o perfect_a and_o that_o they_o be_v of_o a_o more_o elevate_a order_n for_o as_o for_o what_o concern_v philosopher_n which_o hold_v that_o universal_a knowledge_n be_v more_o excellent_a more_o evident_a in_o themselves_o and_o more_o conformable_a to_o the_o understanding_n and_o it_o be_v to_o profane_v they_o as_o plato_n say_v to_o bring_v they_o down_o to_o particular_a thing_n i_o know_v that_o m._n c._n will_v not_o believe_v in_o they_o the_o three_o reason_n import_v that_o its_o impossible_a to_o reason_n without_o make_v use_n of_o general_a term_n and_o without_o form_v universal_a notion_n and_o that_o therefore_o our_o reason_n have_v no_o advantage_n over_o that_o of_o beast_n and_o that_o in_o that_o point_n there_o can_v not_o be_v observe_v any_o essential_a difference_n there_o be_v no_o proposition_n in_o all_o this_o discourse_n but_o be_v false_a as_o i_o have_v make_v it_o appear_v in_o the_o 99_o 123_o etc._n etc._n page_n where_o i_o have_v show_v that_o general_a term_n lose_v their_o generality_n when_o they_o be_v accompany_v with_o a_o pronoun_n demonstrative_a or_o with_o some_o such_o like_a restriction_n and_o that_o when_o logic_n require_v universal_a notion_n or_o proposition_n to_o discourse_n its_o intellectual_a logic_n and_o not_o that_o which_o be_v proper_a to_o the_o imagination_n which_o have_v its_o rule_n apart_o which_o can_v form_v syllogism_n without_o employ_v any_o universal_a notion_n and_o which_o consequent_o may_v draw_v assure_v knowledge_n from_o particular_a proposition_n and_o without_o doubt_n have_v m._n c._n foresee_v the_o truth_n which_o i_o demonstrate_v in_o these_o place_n he_o will_v not_o have_v so_o light_o hazard_v to_o have_v say_v here_o that_o my_o mind_n be_v divert_v when_o i_o write_v that_o a_o man_n may_v draw_v a_o assure_a knowledge_n of_o proposition_n which_o be_v not_o particular_a that_o the_o maxim_n of_o logic_n teach_v the_o nullity_n of_o these_o consequence_n and_o that_o i_o will_v have_v say_v singular_n by_o reason_n of_o certain_a syllogism_n which_o the_o school_n call_v expository_n which_o from_o singular_a proposition_n infer_v a_o singular_a conclusion_n let_v he_o therefore_o know_v that_o i_o have_v most_o serious_o think_v on_o what_o i_o say_v of_o these_o proposition_n and_o that_o i_o call_v they_o particular_n in_o the_o sense_n they_o ought_v and_o as_o they_o be_v common_o take_v in_o the_o school_n for_o when_o we_o oppose_v these_o proposition_n to_o those_o which_o be_v universal_a we_o under_o that_o word_n comprehend_v all_o proposition_n which_o be_v not_o universal_a whether_o particular_a or_o singular_a in_o effect_n be_v this_o syllogism_n propose_v to_o m.c._n some_o man_n be_v just_a peter_n be_v a_o man._n then_o peter_n be_v just_a with_o reason_n a_o man_n may_v say_v it_o be_v to_o blame_v because_o its_o all_o compose_v of_o particular_a proposition_n whence_o legitimate_o nothing_o can_v be_v conclude_v yet_o at_o his_o reckon_n it_o will_v be_v find_v the_o first_o be_v only_o particular_a the_o second_o be_v singular_a it_o must_v also_o be_v that_o when_o we_o say_v that_o to_o form_v a_o argument_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n such_o a_o proposition_n must_v be_v particular_a it_o be_v not_o such_o as_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v be_v singular_a term_n use_v and_o that_o so_o this_o syllogism_n will_v not_o be_v regular_a every_o man_n be_v reasonable_a peter_n be_v a_o man._n then_o peter_n be_v reasonable_a because_o therein_o be_v no_o particular_a proposition_n as_o m.c._n say_v i_o shall_v therefore_o advise_v he_o to_o take_v a_o review_n of_o his_o logic_n to_o learn_v not_o only_o that_o this_o word_n of_o particular_a aught_o often_o to_o be_v take_v for_o singular_a but_o a_o so_o that_o the_o expositive_a syllogism_n be_v more_o useful_a and_o more_o
into_o the_o essence_n of_o thing_n so_o that_o the_o assemble_v together_o of_o divers_a vowel_n and_o consonant_n which_o signify_v nothing_o forbear_v not_o to_o form_v articulate_a word_n as_o the_o blictri_n of_o the_o school_n and_o the_o word_n which_o our_o parrot_n learn_v have_v all_o the_o smoothness_n and_o all_o the_o variety_n of_o pronunciation_n which_o we_o give_v they_o although_o as_o to_o they_o they_o signify_v nothing_o no_o more_o than_o those_o latin_a discourse_n which_o be_v teach_v child_n and_o as_o we_o may_v not_o say_v that_o these_o latter_a be_v not_o articulate_v voice_n and_o true_a word_n we_o must_v needs_o also_o confess_v that_o the_o word_n which_o bird_n learn_v be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n but_o i_o shall_v say_v more_o hold_v to_o this_o restriction_n the_o cry_n and_o accent_n of_o all_o animal_n which_o have_v the_o use_n of_o voice_n must_v of_o necessity_n be_v articulate_a voice_n although_o even_o it_o shall_v not_o serve_v they_o to_o express_v the_o motion_n of_o their_o mind_n because_o there_o be_v not_o one_o wherein_n be_v not_o only_o some_o vowel_n which_o be_v continue_v and_o lengthen_v as_o in_o the_o bellow_n of_o bull_n and_o howl_n of_o wolf_n or_o cut_v and_o repeat_v as_o in_o the_o bark_n of_o dog_n or_o mix_v with_o several_a other_o as_o in_o the_o nightingale_n sing_v as_o in_o the_o warble_n of_o bird_n but_o even_o also_o wherein_o some_o consonant_n may_v be_v observe_v which_o make_v the_o articulation_n thereof_o which_o be_v particular_o observe_v in_o the_o bleat_a of_o sheep_n in_o the_o crow_n of_o cock_n in_o the_o meaw_v of_o cat_n and_o in_o the_o hiss_a of_o serpent_n where_o the_o b_o and_o the_o c_o the_o m_n and_o the_o s_n which_o be_v of_o the_o order_n of_o the_o consonant_n be_v distinct_o understand_v as_o we_o have_v show_v and_o we_o be_v not_o to_o wonder_v if_o there_o be_v consonant_n which_o beast_n do_v not_o pronounce_v for_o beside_o that_o they_o have_v not_o all_o the_o organ_n which_o be_v necessary_a thereunto_o there_o be_v even_o also_o whole_a nation_n which_o can_v form_v some_o of_o they_o the_o arabian_n use_v not_o the_o p_o nor_o the_o greek_n the_o i_o and_o five_o consonant_n nor_o the_o italian_n the_o v._o vowel_n otherwise_o always_o employ_v the_o t_o for_o the_o d_o the_o c_o for_o the_o g._n and_o history_n observe_v that_o ancient_o the_o alphabet_n be_v compose_v but_o of_o twelve_o letter_n the_o voice_n of_o animal_n be_v then_o articulate_v but_o it_o be_v far_o less_o so_o than_o that_o of_o man_n of_o which_o there_o be_v two_o principal_a reason_n the_o first_o be_v draw_v from_o the_o end_n for_o which_o it_o be_v give_v they_o and_o the_o other_o from_o the_o cause_n which_o afford_v the_o mean_n to_o attain_v that_o end_n for_o as_o the_o voice_n be_v destine_v to_o make_v our_o thought_n know_v and_o that_o the_o diversity_n of_o articulation_n serve_v to_o express_v the_o diversity_n of_o thought_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o man_n who_o be_v more_o fruitful_a in_o thought_n then_o beast_n shall_v also_o have_v a_o great_a diversity_n of_o articulation_n in_o his_o voice_n beside_o because_o it_o be_v nature_n alone_o which_o give_v to_o the_o voice_n of_o animal_n the_o faculty_n to_o represent_v the_o thought_n and_o that_o it_o be_v the_o will_n and_o not_o nature_n which_o have_v give_v it_o to_o that_o of_o man_n the_o mean_n which_o be_v therein_o employ_v must_v be_v proportionable_a to_o these_o two_o cause_n and_o that_o those_o which_o nature_n furnish_v must_v be_v more_o simple_a and_o in_o less_o number_n than_o those_o which_o part_n from_o the_o will_n because_o nature_n ever_o determine_v herself_o to_o a_o few_o thing_n and_o that_o the_o will_n be_v a_o power_n without_o bound_n and_o who_o capacity_n be_v infinite_a in_o effect_v it_o be_v not_o possible_a that_o the_o language_n of_o man_n shall_v be_v pure_o natural_a as_o be_v that_o of_o beast_n not_o only_o because_o he_o have_v the_o liberty_n to_o form_v a_o infinity_n of_o thought_n who_o original_a be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o nature_n and_o who_o nature_n consequent_o can_v give_v he_o the_o mark_n and_o sign_n which_o be_v capable_a to_o represent_v they_o to_o he_o but_o also_o because_o his_o knowledge_n be_v to_o be_v acquire_v but_o by_o little_a and_o little_a and_o time_n ever_o add_v something_o thereunto_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v a_o language_n which_o may_v suffer_v the_o same_o change_n nor_o which_o need_v either_o be_v fix_v nor_o tie_v to_o its_o birth_n as_o that_o which_o come_v from_o nature_n be_v it_o remain_v then_o that_o he_o shall_v form_v one_o himself_o which_o depend_v on_o his_o choice_n and_o which_o may_v be_v augment_v diminish_v and_o alter_v according_a to_o his_o pleasure_n such_o be_v that_o of_o all_o nation_n who_o have_v tacit_o agree_v together_o that_o they_o will_v use_v certain_a word_n to_o signify_v such_o and_o such_o thing_n which_o without_o this_o connexion_n and_o consent_n will_v signify_v nothing_o at_o all_o to_o terminate_v therefore_o this_o long_a enquiry_n since_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o voice_n of_o beast_n be_v articulate_v and_o that_o it_o be_v significative_a of_o their_o thought_n as_o that_o of_o man_n be_v we_o must_v of_o necessity_n conclude_v that_o its_o a_o true_a speech_n which_o beast_n speak_v together_o and_o that_o every_o species_n have_v its_o particular_a language_n even_o as_o every_o nation_n have_v a_o proper_a one_o it_o matter_n not_o that_o the_o cause_n which_o render_v it_o significative_a be_v different_a because_o the_o diversity_n of_o cause_n and_o of_o mean_n change_v not_o the_o essence_n nor_o the_o species_n of_o the_o effect_n which_o it_o produce_v and_o as_o there_o be_v animal_n which_o engender_v by_o generation_n and_o by_o putrefaction_n and_o thing_n which_o art_n and_o nature_n produce_v which_o forbear_v not_o to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o kind_n so_o the_o articulate_a voice_n which_o be_v significative_a by_o nature_n can_v be_v of_o a_o different_a species_n from_o that_o which_o be_v by_o the_o institution_n and_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o man_n or_o the_o interjection_n and_o some_o other_o word_n which_o enter_v into_o our_o discourse_n and_o which_o natural_o signify_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o mind_n of_o necessity_n must_v not_o be_v place_v in_o the_o rank_n of_o the_o word_n but_o i_o shall_v say_v more_o whoever_o shall_v well_o consider_v the_o cry_n and_o several_a accent_n of_o animal_n he_o will_v find_v that_o they_o be_v by_o institution_n as_o well_o as_o the_o speech_n of_o men._n for_o they_o do_v not_o signify_v of_o themselves_o the_o passion_n they_o represent_v otherwise_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v that_o beast_n who_o have_v all_o the_o same_o passion_n must_v also_o all_o have_v the_o same_o voice_n and_o that_o that_o cry_v which_o signify_v such_o a_o passion_n must_v be_v a_o like_a in_o all_o the_o kind_n of_o animal_n at_o least_o as_o much_o as_o the_o diversity_n of_o organ_n can_v suffer_v it_o which_o be_v contrary_a to_o experience_n but_o the_o difference_n find_v therein_o come_v from_o the_o institution_n of_o nature_n or_o rather_o from_o god_n himself_o who_o have_v impose_v to_o such_o and_o such_o accent_n such_o a_o signification_n as_o it_o please_v he_o and_o which_o of_o themselves_o they_o can_v not_o have_v have_v so_o that_o we_o may_v say_v and_o it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o language_n of_o beast_n be_v in_o that_o point_n like_o to_o that_o which_o man_n receive_v from_o god_n at_o the_o birth_n of_o the_o world_n for_o even_o that_o signify_v of_o itself_o nothing_o no_o more_o than_o they_o neither_o do_v it_o come_v from_o the_o choice_n or_o institution_n which_o man_n make_v of_o it_o no_o more_o than_o that_o of_o animal_n but_o it_o be_v institute_v by_o god_n who_o give_v to_o those_o word_n which_o be_v to_o compose_v it_o the_o sense_n he_o please_v even_o as_o he_o do_v in_o the_o other_o so_o that_o as_o the_o first_o language_n of_o man_n be_v not_o of_o a_o different_a species_n from_o that_o which_o man_n have_v since_o invent_v although_o the_o one_o be_v from_o divine_a institution_n and_o the_o rest_n from_o humane_a it_o necessary_o follow_v that_o the_o language_n of_o beast_n be_v not_o different_a from_o we_o in_o that_o it_o come_v from_o the_o institution_n of_o god_n and_o of_o nature_n and_o that_o we_o come_v from_o the_o institution_n of_o men._n that_o the_o voice_n of_o beast_n be_v make_v with_o design_n and_o intention_n to_o express_v their_o thought_n but_o we_o must_v return_v to_o m.c._n who_o be_v of_o the_o humour_n i_o know_v he_o to_o be_v will_v not_o consent_v to_o all_o these_o truth_n and_o who_o without_o