our_o overballance_a increase_v for_o when_o more_o commodâ—â—â—_n be_v import_v than_o the_o kingdom_n spend_v 〈◊〉_d must_v be_v export_v again_o for_o other_o place_n and_o otâ—â—â—_n commodity_n be_v import_v again_o for_o the_o retuâ—â—_n thereof_o to_o augment_v the_o say_a overballance_n nayâ—â—_n force_v we_o to_o wear_v more_o foreign_a ware_n through_o the_o abundance_n of_o it_o and_o to_o neglect_v the_o use_n of_o our_o native_a commodity_n but_o say_v he_o 123._o p._n 123._o the_o form_n will_v illustrate_v this_o conceit_a course_n of_o balance_n tota_n sensus_fw-la quot_fw-la capita_fw-la as_o many_o mind_n as_o man_n every_o man_n abound_v in_o his_o own_o sense_n a_o marvellous_a ground_a rule_n to_o build_v upon_o where_o there_o be_v so_o many_o cannon_n must_v we_o needs_o sail_v between_o scylla_n and_o charibays_n of_o a_o uncertain_a balance_n without_o a_o parallel_n uncertainty_n absurd_a to_o admit_v such_o uncertainty_n when_o the_o compass_n of_o our_o centre_n do_v direct_v we_o in_o the_o very_a negotiation_n and_o nothing_o can_v be_v direct_v unto_o we_o by_o this_o balance_n without_o the_o say_a centre_n the_o uncertainty_n of_o this_o balance_n do_v consist_v of_o many_o particular_n whereby_o it_o be_v so_o far_o from_o understanding_n as_o conclusion_n be_v from_o order_n first_o this_o balance_n can_v be_v certain_o prescribe_v by_o one_o year_n time_n realm_n the_o uncertainty_n of_o the_o realm_n or_o any_o certain_a or_o limit_a time_n for_o sometime_o and_o that_o unexpected_a some_o east_n india_n ship_n or_o other_o rich_a lade_n may_v come_v in_o or_o the_o spice_n and_o other_o good_n already_o come_v in_o and_o to_o be_v export_v be_v not_o carry_v out_o when_o the_o calculation_n of_o the_o balance_n be_v make_v second_o for_o money_n secret_o export_v the_o return_n in_o commodity_n may_v be_v yet_o to_o come_v or_o if_o it_o be_v for_o gain_n have_v by_o interest_n money_n or_o exchange_n it_o need_v never_o to_o return_v for_o the_o merchant_n stranger_n as_o also_o for_o money_n take_v up_o by_o exchange_n to_o be_v employ_v upon_o commodity_n and_o other_o mean_n whereof_o the_o balance_n can_v be_v sensible_a not_o come_v to_o be_v balance_v three_o the_o profit_n make_v upon_o our_o native_a commodity_n as_o also_o for_o the_o foreign_a commodity_n and_o the_o charge_n be_v incertain_a both_o in_o the_o exportation_n of_o the_o one_o and_o the_o importation_n of_o the_o other_o which_o he_o bring_v upon_o the_o balance_n by_o estimate_n and_o be_v mere_o conjectural_a four_o the_o foreign_a commodity_n be_v not_o underrate_v by_o one_o three_o part_n in_o the_o custom_n book_n in_o comparison_n of_o our_o native_a commodity_n five_o the_o fine_a good_n secret_o convey_v inward_o more_o than_o outward_o by_o one_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n yearly_a be_v but_o a_o supposition_n six_o the_o payment_n of_o custom_n be_v uncertain_a and_o the_o conceal_n of_o custom_n come_v to_o be_v twenty_o for_o one_o in_o the_o calculation_n make_v the_o account_n to_o be_v most_o incertain_a seventh_o and_o last_o there_o may_v be_v so_o much_o get_v by_o commodity_n export_v &_o retransport_v and_o for_o that_o gain_n foreign_a commodity_n bring_v in_o that_o it_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v a_o overballance_n when_o it_o be_v not_o the_o premise_n consider_v what_o centre_n be_v there_o in_o this_o balance_n be_v it_o not_o like_a unto_o those_o great_a balloon_n that_o man_n play_v with_o all_o fill_v with_o wind_n for_o there_o be_v not_o any_o solid_a substance_n 126._o p._n 126._o but_o all_o be_v conjectural_a and_o immaginary_a neither_o be_v it_o practise_v by_o other_o prince_n and_o country_n as_o he_o untrue_o allege_v for_o other_o prince_n and_o state_n be_v careful_a to_o augment_v trade_n by_o increase_v of_o their_o manufacture_n and_o 〈◊〉_d sell_v they_o to_o benefit_n as_o also_o to_o make_v their_o territorâ—â—â—_n as_o it_o be_v magazine_n for_o all_o commodity_n exchange_n gain_v to_o be_v procure_v by_o commodity_n money_n and_o exchange_n and_o as_o they_o get_v by_o commodity_n so_o do_v they_o also_o by_o money_n and_o exchange_n which_o can_v but_o prevent_v the_o overballance_a we_o all_o agree_v that_o there_o be_v a_o overballance_n which_o must_v be_v remede_v by_o the_o redress_n of_o the_o cause_n and_o not_o by_o the_o study_n of_o balance_n which_o demonstrate_v little_a in_o truth_n and_o certainty_n but_o much_o in_o imaginâ—â—â—_n on_o and_o conceit_n it_o be_v gain_n that_o bear_v the_o sway_n and_o it_o be_v more_o than_o necessary_a to_o tautologize_v and_o to_o repeat_v thing_n of_o this_o nature_n for_o they_o produce_v fearful_a effect_n we_o feel_v they_o we_o complain_v of_o they_o and_o woeful_a experience_n show_v unto_o we_o that_o it_o be_v high_a time_n to_o reform_v they_o for_o abyssus_n abyssâ—â—_n invocat_fw-la by_o the_o aforesaid_a distinction_n every_o man_n of_o understanding_n can_v discern_v the_o particular_a &_o private_a gain_n from_o the_o general_a benefit_n whereby_o he_o may_v the_o better_o perceive_v the_o weakness_n of_o misseldens_n objection_n he_o say_v 108._o p._n 108._o the_o high_a the_o exchange_n be_v in_o england_n the_o more_o loss_n be_v it_o to_o the_o taker_n and_o the_o more_o gain_n to_o the_o deliverer_n object_n 1._o object_n which_o be_v the_o merchant_n stranger_n again_o the_o high_a the_o exchange_n be_v in_o dutchland_n the_o more_o loss_n to_o the_o deliver_v and_o gain_v to_o the_o taker_n which_o be_v likewise_o there_o the_o merchant_n stranger_n and_o this_o he_o declare_v by_o example_n this_o objection_n be_v the_o first_o pernicious_a argument_n note_v in_o this_o chapter_n which_o represent_v unto_o we_o the_o equinoctial_a line_n require_v equality_n and_o equity_n in_o the_o valuation_n of_o money_n and_o true_a exchange_n for_o the_o general_a good_a as_o before_o be_v demonstrate_v the_o absurdity_n of_o which_o objection_n let_v we_o now_o declare_v suppose_v that_o notwithstanding_o the_o inhaunce_n of_o the_o foreign_a coin_n beyond_o the_o sea_n the_o price_n of_o exchange_n be_v still_o at_o even_a money_n as_o it_o be_v about_o 80_o year_n past_a as_o have_v be_v declare_v namely_o at_o twenty_o shilling_n here_o with_o we_o which_o be_v a_o low_a exchange_n upon_o the_o balance_n of_o trade_n a_o merchant_n stranger_n sell_v here_o his_o foreign_a commodity_n buy_v beyond_o the_o sea_n with_o the_o enhanced_a coin_n find_v this_o low_a exchange_n to_o make_v his_o return_n by_o will_v resolve_v either_o to_o buy_v our_o commodity_n or_o to_o export_v our_o money_n for_o by_o this_o low_a exchange_n he_o shall_v be_v a_o very_a great_a loser_n so_o that_o our_o english_a merchant_n shall_v find_v no_o money_n to_o be_v take_v up_o by_o exchange_n to_o make_v their_o ready_a employment_n upon_o our_o commodity_n and_o the_o merchant_n stranger_n will_v buy_v they_o or_o else_o the_o money_n will_v be_v convey_v away_o for_o the_o most_o part_n notwithstanding_o the_o statute_n of_o employment_n which_o as_o it_o be_v a_o loss_n to_o the_o realm_n so_o be_v it_o to_o the_o english_a merchant_n in_o particular_a who_o may_v have_v employ_v the_o same_o so_o then_o è_fw-la contrario_fw-la the_o low_a the_o exchange_n be_v in_o england_n the_o less_o money_n answ._n 1._o answ._n be_v deliver_v by_o exchange_n unto_o english_a merchant_n and_o the_o more_o be_v the_o trade_n drive_v into_o the_o merchant_n stranger_n hand_n as_o also_o the_o more_o money_n be_v export_v again_o the_o low_a that_o the_o exchange_n be_v in_o dutchland_n the_o less_o money_n be_v take_v up_o by_o the_o merchant_n stranger_n there_o and_o the_o more_o 〈…〉_o be_v import_v both_o by_o the_o english_a merchant_n and_o the_o merchant_n stranger_n which_o bring_v a_o overballance_a and_o increase_v the_o transportation_n of_o our_o money_n and_o be_v also_o a_o hindrance_n to_o the_o importation_n because_o their_o money_n be_v enhance_v whereby_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o one_o extremity_n enforce_v another_o what_o be_v now_o the_o medium_fw-la or_o rather_o particular_a the_o general_a benefit_n to_o be_v prefer_v before_o the_o particular_a which_o of_o these_o extreme_n shall_v take_v place_n the_o one_o contern_v the_o general_a welfare_n of_o the_o realm_n the_o other_o concern_v private_a merchant_n shall_v not_o the_o rule_n of_o justice_n and_o equity_n be_v prefer_v whereby_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v enrich_v and_o the_o private_a be_v abolish_v which_o destroy_v the_o kingdom_n yes_o questionless_a but_o this_o reformation_n or_o par_fw-fr of_o exchange_n object_n 2d_o object_n threaten_v the_o decay_n of_o cloth_n trade_n for_o the_o exchange_n be_v that_o 109._o p._n 109._o which_o represent_v to_o our_o english_a merchant_n his_o whole_a estate_n beyond_o the_o sea_n for_o his_o ready_a use_n and_o employment_n thereof_o in_o england_n upon_o all_o occasion_n so_o that_o if_o there_o shall_v
the_o realm_n &_o other_o be_v vent_v in_o france_n in_o great_a quantity_n france_n trade_n for_o france_n and_o by_o deliver_v one_o three_o part_n in_o ready_a money_n and_o two_o three_o in_o cloth_n kersey_n stocking_n and_o other_o native_a commodity_n our_o merchant_n make_v their_o employment_n in_o wine_n which_o be_v now_o do_v with_o ready_a money_n wherein_o the_o exchange_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v in_o a_o contrary_a course_n upon_o their_o french_a crown_n but_o i_o will_v omit_v to_o handle_v the_o same_o to_o avoid_v intricatenesse_n have_v declare_v the_o same_o in_o lex_fw-la mercatoria_fw-la the_o trade_n for_o eastland_n and_o those_o part_n eastland_n trade_n for_o eastland_n want_v a_o centre_n for_o merchant_n can_v hardly_o make_v return_n in_o any_o commodity_n for_o their_o cloth_n and_o upon_o money_n enhance_v without_o the_o reformation_n of_o exchange_n they_o be_v great_a loser_n the_o barbary_n trade_n bring_v we_o some_o gold_n barbary_n trade_n for_o barbary_n but_o our_o cloth_n be_v there_o sell_v with_o so_o small_a profit_n that_o it_o can_v quit_v charge_n and_o adventure_n nay_o it_o be_v come_v to_o that_o pass_n that_o other_o nation_n can_v maintain_v these_o trade_n for_o russia_n eastland_n and_o barbary_n with_o our_o native_a commodity_n better_a than_o we_o do_v misselden_n pass_v over_o all_o these_o serious_a consideration_n repli_v that_o malynes_n have_v run_v himself_o out_o of_o breath_n and_o overrun_v monopolium_n with_o tell_v tale_n show_v to_o be_v one_o of_o this_o climate_n of_o capricorn_n for_o man_n of_o his_o humour_n be_v call_v by_o the_o italian_a 〈◊〉_d i_o shall_v therefore_o conclude_v this_o encounter_n and_o remember_v 1_o aristotle_n oemund_n cap._n 1_o that_o they_o that_o come_v to_o athens_n the_o first_o year_n be_v wise_a man_n the_o second_o year_n philosopher_n that_o be_v lover_n of_o wisdom_n the_o three_o year_n rhetorieians_n that_o be_v mere_a babbler_n the_o meaning_n be_v first_o they_o deem_v themselves_o to_o be_v wise_a cast_v up_o moutaine_n to_o heaven_n like_o the_o son_n of_o aeolus_n after_o feeling_n themselves_o puff_v with_o a_o tympany_n of_o pride_n 11._o metamor_n 11._o they_o desire_v that_o to_o be_v in_o themselves_o which_o they_o admire_v in_o other_o last_o see_v the_o more_o they_o stray_v the_o less_o they_o can_v go_v back_o they_o find_v a_o harvest_n of_o wild_a corn_n be_v leave_v they_o and_o that_o be_v between_o athens_n and_o thebes_n 68_o p._n 68_o where_o i_o leave_v misselden_n with_o his_o hound_n about_o one_o year_n since_o which_o have_v loâ—t_v their_o scent_n not_o know_v whether_o the_o deer_n be_v go_v east_n west_n north_n or_o south_n for_o a_o wild_a goose_n chase_n be_v fit_v for_o he_o that_o have_v lose_v his_o game_n and_o for_o his_o verse_n i_o refer_v he_o to_o tailor_n the_o waterman_n to_o rhyme_v with_o he_o who_o can_v furnish_v he_o with_o a_o pair_n of_o oar_n to_o transport_v he_o with_o his_o hebrew_a &_o greek_a which_o he_o have_v learn_v at_o the_o great_a south_n door_n near_o christ_n church_n in_o london_n together_o with_o his_o parrot_n and_o bull_n into_o the_o island_n of_o antisera_n or_o psittacorum_n regio_n to_o have_v his_o brain_n purge_v with_o helibon_n and_o to_o read_v there_o historia_n ventorum_fw-la chap._n v._n the_o mean_n to_o balance_v the_o trade_n of_o england_n by_o the_o say_a centre_n or_o the_o remedy_n against_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o decay_n thereof_o from_o the_o tropic_n of_o capricorn_n we_o be_v come_v to_o the_o antarctic_a circle_n in_o the_o south_n to_o make_v a_o perfect_a orb_n to_o keep_v misselden_n and_o his_o balance_n enclose_v within_o his_o own_o circle_n for_o in_o this_o region_n the_o transparent_a and_o splendent_a beam_n of_o the_o sun_n of_o truth_n do_v dispel_v all_o foggy_a mystery_n of_o deceitful_a fallacy_n insomuch_o that_o man_n of_o mean_a capacity_n and_o understanding_n may_v very_o well_o demand_v a_o reason_n wherefore_o we_o do_v not_o prevent_v by_o contrary_n the_o know_a spring_n of_o this_o disease_n whereby_o the_o body_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v so_o much_o distemper_v for_o res_fw-la ipsaloquitur_fw-la that_o gain_v the_o centre_n of_o commerce_n be_v exclude_v by_o error_n of_o trade_n because_o no_o money_n or_o bullion_n can_v be_v import_v but_o to_o loss_n neither_o can_v any_o money_n be_v keep_v within_o the_o realm_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a gain_n have_v upon_o money_n by_o exportation_n so_o that_o return_v being_n make_v continual_o of_o our_o native_a commodity_n by_o foreign_a commodity_n nothing_o can_v be_v expect_v but_o a_o increase_n of_o the_o overballance_a of_o our_o trade_n in_o nature_n before_o allege_a but_o some_o supporter_n of_o the_o conceit_a balance_n of_o trade_n will_v say_v that_o time_n by_o the_o increase_n of_o trade_n will_v turn_v the_o tide_n and_o bring_v all_o thing_n in_o tune_n again_o by_o a_o necessity_n of_o nature_n beyond_o all_o resistance_n when_o the_o sale_n of_o our_o native_a commodity_n in_o foreign_a part_n shall_v surmount_v the_o value_n of_o the_o commodity_n import_v unto_o us._n be_v not_o this_o in_o substance_n the_o hunt_n of_o our_o own_o shadow_n suffer_v other_o nation_n to_o use_v all_o mean_n for_o their_o benefit_n and_o we_o shall_v amend_v all_o thing_n when_o we_o come_v to_o rome_n and_o we_o never_o dispose_v ourselves_o to_o undertake_v the_o voyage_n to_o go_v thither_o neither_o be_v the_o cause_n with_o we_o alike_o with_o foreign_a nation_n whereby_o we_o may_v expect_v the_o like_a effect_n for_o cause_n effect_n can_v be_v without_o cause_n we_o do_v not_o enhance_v our_o money_n as_o they_o do_v all_o foreign_a coin_n and_o their_o own_o neither_o do_v we_o overvalue_n our_o money_n by_o exchange_n unto_o they_o as_o the_o low_a country_n and_o east-land_n do_v unto_o we_o breed_v exportation_n and_o hindrance_n of_o importation_n of_o money_n as_o have_v be_v ample_o declare_v we_o do_v not_o sell_v our_o native_a commodity_n according_a to_o money_n enhance_v as_o they_o do_v they_o but_o at_o a_o under_o value_n according_a as_o our_o money_n be_v calculate_v in_o exchange_n to_o our_o loss_n and_o their_o benefit_n we_o do_v not_o deliver_v money_n at_o interest_n beyond_o the_o sea_n as_o the_o merchant_n stranger_n do_v here_o at_o 10_o pro_fw-la cento_fw-la which_o be_v there_o at_o 5_o and_o 6_o upon_o the_o hundred_o to_o be_v have_v neither_o do_v they_o pay_v 15_o and_o 20_o upon_o the_o hundred_o by_o exchange_n as_o we_o do_v we_o do_v not_o procure_v by_o gain_n or_o pollicâ—e_v the_o importation_n of_o bullion_n or_o royal_n of_o 8_o as_o they_o do_v by_o inhaunce_v all_o money_n and_o divert_v the_o say_a royal_n and_o dollar_n from_o we_o to_o be_v bring_v in_o as_o in_o time_n past_a we_o do_v not_o procure_v plenty_n of_o money_n to_o make_v a_o lively_a trade_n as_o they_o do_v by_o the_o two_o real_a mean_n of_o importation_n and_o toleration_n of_o exportation_n as_o also_o by_o the_o two_o politic_a mean_n of_o transfer_a 〈◊〉_d of_o debt_n between_o man_n and_o man_n and_o the_o payment_n by_o assignation_n we_o do_v not_o prevent_v that_o the_o trade_n of_o bay_n say_v and_o new_a drapery_n shall_v not_o be_v carry_v from_o we_o by_o divert_v the_o royal_a or_o 8_o from_o we_o nor_o that_o other_o nation_n shall_v drive_v a_o trade_n with_o our_o cloth_n and_o other_o commodity_n for_o barbary_n russia_n eastland_n and_o other_o country_n for_o be_v deprive_v of_o our_o own_o money_n and_o of_o the_o say_v royal_n we_o do_v loose_v the_o trade_n also_o we_o can_v make_v return_n for_o our_o native_a commodity_n by_o the_o three_o ordinary_a mean_n consequence_n a_o matter_n of_o great_a consequence_n either_o by_o money_n or_o by_o exchange_n or_o by_o commodity_n at_o our_o choice_n and_o best_a advantage_n as_o they_o do_v but_o be_v compel_v of_o course_n to_o buy_v foreign_a commodity_n at_o dear_a rate_n by_o a_o disorder_a trade_n how_o be_v it_o possible_a then_o that_o we_o shall_v expect_v any_o such_o imaginary_a overbalancing_a of_o trade_n to_o happen_v on_o our_o side_n when_o we_o have_v not_o the_o like_a cause_n to_o produce_v the_o like_a effect_n other_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o some_o moderation_n may_v be_v procure_v herein_o by_o make_v the_o spanish_a royal_n of_o 8_o currant_n within_o the_o realm_n at_o 4_o s._n 7_o do_v or_o 8_o d_o that_o be_v to_o say_v above_o the_o value_n but_o they_o do_v not_o consider_v effectual_o of_o the_o inconvenience_n which_o will_v ensue_v as_o follw_v first_o it_o will_v be_v the_o utter_a overthrow_n of_o his_o majesty_n mint_n and_o undo_n of_o the_o poor_a moneyer_n aswell_o for_o the_o coin_n of_o gold_n as_o of_o silver_n for_o gold_n will_v not_o be_v bring_v so_o
money_n be_v underualued_a in_o exchange_n whereby_o there_o arise_v a_o gain_n between_o the_o inward_a value_n of_o the_o money_n and_o the_o price_n of_o exchange_n then_o be_v our_o money_n continual_o export_v into_o foreign_a part_n for_o the_o like_a gain_n can_v never_o be_v make_v by_o any_o commodity_n 2_o this_o exportation_n of_o money_n cause_v not_o only_o the_o less_o money_n to_o be_v employ_v upon_o our_o native_a commodity_n and_o return_v in_o foreign_a ware_n but_o take_v away_o also_o the_o vital_a spirit_n of_o traffic_n and_o give_v a_o great_a cause_n of_o overballance_v of_o commodity_n 3_o the_o say_a undervaluation_n of_o our_o money_n in_o exchange_n do_v the_o like_a and_o cause_v our_o native_a commodity_n to_o be_v sell_v better_o cheap_a beyond_o the_o sea_n for_o want_v of_o knowledge_n of_o the_o true_a value_n of_o our_o money_n and_o they_o even_o as_o the_o inhaunce_n of_o foreign_a coin_n beyond_o the_o sea_n cause_v the_o foreign_a ware_n to_o be_v advance_v in_o price_n according_a as_o the_o say_a money_n be_v enhance_v whereby_o the_o say_v overballance_v must_v needs_o come_v to_o pass_v of_o course_n 4_o it_o do_v hinder_v the_o importation_n of_o bullion_n and_o dollar_n from_o the_o say_a place_n of_o trade_n which_o we_o have_v have_v in_o time_n past_a for_o the_o say_v inhaunce_v coin_n not_o be_v true_o value_v by_o exchange_n can_v be_v import_v but_o to_o a_o exceed_a loss_n and_o merchant_n stranger_n will_v not_o take_v the_o same_o at_o a_o low_a exchange_n so_o that_o our_o merchant_n be_v compel_v to_o make_v their_o return_n by_o foreign_a commodity_n thereby_o great_o increase_v the_o say_v overballance_v of_o trade_n 5_o young_a english_a merchant_n be_v constrain_v to_o take_v up_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o say_a money_n at_o a_o low_a exchange_n to_o maintain_v their_o rechange_n to_o their_o loss_n or_o else_o must_v make_v quick_a sale_n of_o their_o commodity_n whereby_o they_o spoil_v the_o market_n of_o other_o which_o cause_v they_o to_o set_v over_o their_o bill_n obligatory_a receive_v for_o their_o clothes_n sell_v there_o either_o for_o money_n to_o pay_v the_o money_n take_v up_o here_o by_o exchange_n or_o for_o foreign_a commodity_n at_o dear_a rate_n by_o the_o say_v enhance_v money_n and_o otherwise_o which_o can_v but_o breed_v a_o overballance_a of_o commodity_n 6_o the_o say_v low_a exchange_n whereby_o the_o spanish_a merchant_n make_v a_o diversion_n of_o the_o royal_n of_o 8_o unto_o to_o those_o part_n find_v there_o more_o gain_v when_o they_o can_v make_v over_o their_o money_n by_o a_o low_a exchange_n do_v also_o divert_v from_o we_o a_o great_a trade_n by_o such_o employment_n as_o be_v make_v there_o upon_o foreign_a commodity_n as_o bay_n say_v and_o other_o new_a drapery_n make_v in_o those_o part_n which_o may_v be_v employ_v upon_o our_o commodity_n and_o can_v this_o negotiation_n be_v without_o argument_v of_o the_o say_v overballance_v 7_o if_o by_o occasion_n or_o accident_n money_n or_o bullion_n be_v impotted_a which_o may_v be_v carry_v to_o the_o mint_n and_o the_o money_n make_v thereof_o will_v be_v deliver_v by_o exchange_n to_o our_o merchant_n and_o so_o by_o they_o employ_v upon_o our_o commodity_n if_o the_o say_a be_v high_a or_o indiffetent_a it_o fall_v out_o that_o the_o say_v money_n or_o bullion_n be_v export_v again_o by_o other_o merchant_n which_o bring_v in_o foreign_a ware_n for_o it_o for_o gain_v still_o bear_v the_o sway_n thus_o by_o buy_v foreign_a commodity_n as_o it_o be_v by_o forcible_a mean_n of_o course_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o say_a undervaluation_n of_o our_o money_n by_o exchange_n and_o sell_v our_o native_a commodity_n by_o a_o false_a measure_n of_o exchange_n to_o our_o loss_n trade_n the_o cause_n of_o overballance_v and_o decay_n of_o trade_n at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o other_o nation_n and_o by_o convert_n their_o enhanced_a coin_n into_o starlin_n money_n by_o a_o low_a exchange_n and_o the_o continual_a exportation_n of_o our_o money_n afford_v such_o great_a gain_n and_o be_v debar_v to_o bring_v in_o money_n because_o of_o the_o loss_n have_v thereby_o be_v our_o trade_n decay_v and_o will_v be_v so_o although_o there_o be_v no_o more_o ware_n in_o christendom_n for_o these_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o overballance_v whereby_o the_o realm_n be_v impoverish_v which_o shall_v be_v more_o ample_o declare_v sublata_fw-la causa_fw-la tâ—ll_fw-la itur_fw-la effectus_fw-la now_o albeit_o that_o the_o contrary_a hereof_o do_v produce_v the_o benefit_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o do_v proper_o belong_v to_o the_o remedy_n of_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o trade_n to_o be_v handle_v in_o the_o last_o chapter_n yet_o because_o it_o be_v more_o intelligible_a in_o this_o place_n let_v we_o declare_v the_o same_o benefit_n which_o will_v arise_v to_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n by_o the_o true_a valuation_n of_o our_o money_n in_o exchange_n to_o meet_v with_o the_o say_a inconvenience_n first_o trade_n mean_v to_o prevent_v the_o overballance_a of_o trade_n and_o to_o restore_v trade_n when_o the_o exchange_n do_v answer_v the_o true_a value_n of_o our_o money_n than_o there_o be_v no_o gain_n to_o be_v make_v by_o exportation_n which_o be_v prevent_v thereby_o 2_o the_o transportation_n of_o money_n be_v prevent_v will_v cause_v the_o great_a employment_n to_o be_v make_v upon_o our_o native_a commodity_n either_o by_o the_o merchant_n stranger_n or_o by_o english_a merchant_n to_o who_o the_o stranger_n will_v deliver_v his_o money_n by_o exchange_n for_o by_o the_o exportation_n he_o shall_v have_v no_o gain_n and_o therefore_o he_o will_v expect_v the_o taker_n of_o it_o by_o which_o plenty_n of_o money_n there_o will_v be_v a_o lively_a trade_n and_o the_o cause_n of_o overballance_v will_v diminsh_fw-mi 3_o the_o true_a value_n of_o our_o money_n or_o above_o be_v answer_v by_o a_o high_a exchange_n cause_v merchant_n stranger_n to_o sell_v their_o commodity_n according_a to_o the_o true_a value_n of_o the_o money_n whereby_o the_o overballance_a must_v needs_o decrease_v of_o course_n 4_o the_o undervaluation_n of_o our_o money_n and_o the_o inhaunce_n of_o foreign_a coin_n be_v meet_v withal_o and_o calculate_v in_o exchange_n cause_v money_n and_o bullion_n to_o be_v bring_v into_o the_o realm_n without_o loss_n and_o most_o time_n with_o gain_n and_o sometime_o with_o a_o little_a disadvantage_n because_o our_o merchant_n will_v rather_o than_o to_o buy_v foreign_a commodity_n dear_a have_v their_o money_n ready_a to_o be_v employ_v again_o â—_o this_o do_v also_o meet_v with_o the_o say_v over_o balance_v 5_o young_a english_a merchant_n which_o be_v taker_n of_o money_n beyond_o the_o sea_n will_v receive_v more_o by_o a_o high_a exchange_n there_o and_o find_v plenty_n of_o money_n shall_v not_o be_v drive_v to_o make_v rash_a sale_n or_o barter_n to_o their_o loss_n and_o hindrance_n of_o other_o which_o will_v also_o moderate_v the_o say_v over_o balance_v 6_o when_o the_o spanish_a merchant_n shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o deliver_v their_o royal_n of_o 8_o or_o the_o money_n receive_v for_o they_o by_o a_o low_a exchange_n beyond_o the_o sea_n but_o according_a to_o the_o true_a value_n require_v by_o a_o just_a and_o lawful_a exchange_n then_o they_o will_v find_v no_o more_o gain_v there_o then_o here_o which_o will_v cause_v they_o to_o import_v the_o say_a royal_n here_o where_o the_o inward_a value_n will_v be_v answer_v unto_o they_o &_o the_o divert_a trade_n by_o these_o mean_n will_v return_v into_o england_n to_o employ_v the_o say_a royal_n or_o the_o money_n make_v thereof_o upon_o our_o bay_n say_v and_o other_o drapery_n which_o of_o course_n will_v qualify_v the_o say_a overballance_v 7_o thus_o money_n and_o bullion_n will_v then_o be_v import_v by_o a_o necessity_n of_o nature_n beyond_o all_o resistance_n and_o the_o dollar_n royal_n of_o 8_o and_o other_o coin_n bring_v in_o upon_o occasion_n or_o accidental_o will_v remain_v within_o the_o realm_n when_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o gain_n by_o the_o exportation_n because_o this_o true_a exchange_n rise_v and_o fall_v nevertheless_o above_o the_o value_n and_o not_o under_o will_v answer_v the_o say_a value_n and_o prevent_v that_o gain_n which_o be_v now_o procure_v in_o danger_n of_o the_o law_n adventure_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o of_o lewd_a person_n so_o that_o by_o compare_v the_o precedent_a benefit_n with_o the_o former_a inconvenience_n comparison_n a_o application_n of_o the_o comparison_n every_o man_n of_o judgement_n may_v easy_o see_v how_o hurtful_a the_o low_a exchange_n and_o underualuation_n of_o our_o money_n be_v to_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o on_o the_o contrary_a how_o beneficial_a the_o true_a valuation_n or_o high_a exchange_n will_v be_v concur_v with_o equity_n and_o true_a policy_n whereupon_o
conclusion_n in_o the_o government_n of_o state-affair_n wherein_o he_o be_v a_o mere_a novice_n but_o my_o intention_n be_v to_o be_v brief_a and_o substantial_a to_o end_v therefore_o this_o matter_n of_o balance_n it_o may_v be_v think_v strange_a that_o some_o man_n will_v be_v seduce_v thereby_o 52._o discourse_v of_o the_o east_n india_n trade_n by_o t._n m._n p._n 49._o 52._o and_o give_v bridle_n to_o the_o present_a course_n of_o trade_n expect_v a_o overballance_n to_o happen_v on_o our_o side_n without_o remove_v of_o the_o cause_n after_o they_o have_v speak_v well_o concern_v exchange_n although_o they_o confess_v to_o be_v a_o ground_n as_o a_o matter_n much_o too_o high_a for_o their_o handle_n say_v that_o the_o abuse_n thereof_o be_v very_o prejudicial_a unto_o this_o kingdom_n in_o particular_a whilst_o in_o the_o interim_n the_o benefit_n do_v arise_v unto_o other_o country_n who_o diligent_o observe_v the_o price_n whereby_o the_o money_n be_v exchange_v may_v take_v advantage_n to_o carry_v away_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n of_o this_o realm_n at_o those_o time_n when_o the_o rate_n of_o our_o starlin_n money_n in_o exchange_n be_v under_o the_o value_n of_o that_o standard_n unto_o which_o place_n they_o be_v convey_v for_o in_o respect_n the_o price_n of_o the_o exchange_n do_v rise_v and_o fall_v according_a to_o the_o plenty_n and_o scarcity_n of_o money_n which_o be_v to_o be_v take_v up_o or_o deliver_v out_o the_o exchange_n be_v hereby_o rather_o become_v a_o trade_n for_o some_o great_a moneyed_a man_n than_o a_o furtherance_n and_o accommodation_n of_o recall_v trade_n of_o merchant_n as_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v in_o the_o true_a use_n thereof_o and_o thus_o many_o time_n money_n may_v be_v make_v over_o hither_o by_o stranger_n to_o a_o good_a gain_n and_o present_o carry_v beyond_o the_o sea_n to_o a_o second_o profit_n and_o yet_o the_o mischief_n end_v not_o here_o for_o by_o these_o mean_v the_o taker_n up_o of_o money_n in_o foreign_a country_n must_v necessary_o drive_v a_o trade_n to_o those_o place_n from_o whence_o they_o draw_v their_o money_n and_o so_o do_v fill_v we_o up_o with_o foreign_a commodity_n without_o the_o vent_n of_o our_o own_o ware_n etc._n etc._n and_o thus_o we_o see_v how_o the_o overballance_n of_o commodity_n be_v proceed_v from_o the_o abuse_n of_o exchange_n which_o over-rule_v money_n and_o money_n over-rule_v commodity_n as_o heretofore_o be_v manifest_o declare_v that_o the_o underualuation_n of_o our_o money_n in_o exchange_n be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o the_o overballance_a of_o trade_n overballance_a vnderualuation_n of_o our_o money_n inexchange_n be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o the_o overballance_a do_v appear_v upon_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o cause_n depend_v one_o upon_o another_o enforce_v by_o this_o primum-mobill_a as_o follow_v 1._o the_o underualuation_n of_o our_o money_n in_o exchange_n 2._o proceed_v of_o the_o inhaunce_n of_o money_n beyond_o the_o sea_n which_o cause_v 3._o by_o gain_n the_o transportation_n of_o our_o money_n 4._o and_o debar_v by_o loss_n to_o be_v sustain_v the_o importation_n of_o money_n and_o bullion_n 5._o hinder_v also_o the_o bring_n of_o royal_n of_o 8._o unto_o we_o be_v otherwise_o diver_v 6._o the_o foreign_a commodity_n be_v rise_v in_o price_n according_a to_o the_o money_n enhance_v 7._o the_o native_a commodity_n be_v in_o price_n undervalue_v according_a to_o the_o undervaluation_n of_o our_o money_n all_o which_o be_v fearful_a effect_n for_o the_o treasure_n be_v exhaunce_v the_o realm_n impoverish_v and_o money_n be_v make_v a_o merchandise_n and_o this_o can_v be_v cure_v but_o by_o the_o contrary_a as_o shall_v be_v declare_v in_o the_o remedy_n hitherto_o we_o have_v observe_v and_o manifest_o prove_v first_o that_o exchange_n be_v the_o public_a measure_n between_o england_n and_o all_o place_n where_o we_o deal_v by_o exchange_n second_o that_o the_o money_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v undervalue_v in_o exchange_n between_o we_o and_o other_o country_n and_o three_o that_o gain_n be_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o circle_n of_o commerce_n and_o that_o the_o say_a underualuation_n be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o the_o overballance_a of_o trade_n and_o withal_o we_o have_v show_v that_o 〈◊〉_d conceit_a balance_n of_o trade_n propose_v by_o misselden_n can_v be_v but_o a_o trial_n and_o discovery_n of_o the_o overballance_a of_o trade_n without_o that_o it_o can_v produce_v any_o other_o benefit_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n by_o his_o last_o balance_n we_o may_v perceive_v that_o all_o the_o commodity_n export_v and_o the_o commodity_n import_v yearly_a do_v amount_v unto_o five_o million_o or_o fifty_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n according_a to_o our_o observation_n in_o the_o canker_n of_o england_n commonwealth_n now_o if_o the_o loss_n by_o exchange_n be_v but_o ten_o upon_o the_o hundred_o which_o we_o have_v prove_v above_o threescore_o and_o ten_o it_o will_v amount_v to_o five_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n yearly_a 37._o p._n 37._o the_o loss_n whereof_o be_v great_a to_o the_o kingdom_n than_o all_o the_o money_n employ_v to_o the_o east_n indies_n come_v unto_o loss_n a_o incredible_a loss_n which_o misselden_n affirm_v to_o be_v a_o abominable_a untrueth_n which_o i_o can_v but_o retort_v upon_o he_o because_o he_o be_v unfortunate_a to_o find_v out_o the_o truth_n as_o shall_v be_v make_v more_o plain_a in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n for_o he_o be_v in_o league_n with_o equivocation_n in_o all_o his_o refutation_n which_o challenge_v to_o be_v cusen_n german_n to_o truth_n make_v his_o speech_n a_o centaur_n half_o a_o man_n half_o a_o horse_n or_o like_o one_o of_o the_o brood_n of_o nilus_n half_a earth_n half_a frog_n a_o thing_n both_o shapeless_a and_o shape_v in_o one_o mixture_n which_o it_o thus_o distinguish_v by_o the_o equinoctial_a in_o this_o place_n chap._n four_o a_o examination_n of_o the_o centre_n of_o commerce_n in_o the_o trade_n from_o england_n into_o other_o country_n the_o tropic_n of_o capricorn_n be_v the_o four_o zone_n or_o girdle_n by_o our_o distribution_n be_v to_o underprop_v and_o sustain_v by_o the_o gain_n of_o trade_n the_o say_a centre_n or_o gain_n within_o the_o circumference_n of_o the_o circle_n of_o commerce_n not_o by_o a_o absolute_a power_n to_o be_v leave_v unto_o merchant_n in_o the_o manage_n of_o trade_n or_o in_o the_o dispose_n of_o money_n commodity_n and_o exchange_n for_o money_n but_o by_o a_o direction_n ground_v upon_o law_n ordinance_n and_o proclamation_n for_o in_o regard_n of_o state_n affair_n merchant_n be_v ignorant_a in_o the_o course_n of_o traffic_n for_o asmuch_o as_o they_o do_v only_o study_v for_o private_a benefit_n so_o that_o they_o must_v have_v leader_n and_o conductor_n whereunto_o buck_n and_o goat_n have_v be_v compare_v in_o time_n past_a lead_v the_o silly_a sheep_n to_o feed_v in_o mountainous_a place_n to_o prove_v therefore_o that_o this_o be_v no_o new_a doctrine_n or_o invention_n of_o i_o as_o misselden_n allege_v let_v we_o enter_v into_o consideration_n of_o the_o follow_a observation_n before_o our_o intend_a examination_n of_o the_o centre_n of_o commerce_n in_o foreign_a tradeâ—_n it_o be_v near_o 350._o year_n since_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o do_v erect_v the_o office_n of_o the_o king_n royal_a exchanger_n exchange_n ancient_a office_n of_o exchange_n which_o do_v continue_v successive_o by_o 16_o several_a letter_n patent_n of_o the_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n by_o mean_n whereof_o the_o money_n be_v preserve_v within_o the_o same_o and_o the_o commodity_n be_v orderly_o vent_v &_o the_o merchandise_v exchange_n be_v then_o unknown_a king_n edward_n the_o three_o do_v constitute_v diverse_a exchange_n 7._o 9_o e._n 3._o 7._o in_o sundry_a place_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o cause_v table_n of_o exchange_n to_o be_v set_v up_o at_o donor_n and_o elsewhere_o to_o answer_v the_o value_n of_o our_o money_n in_o the_o coin_n to_o be_v pay_v for_o it_o beyond_o the_o sea_n according_a to_o the_o very_a value_n with_o some_o allowance_n to_o be_v give_v to_o accommodate_v merchant_n affair_n and_o traveller_n occasion_n the_o like_a be_v do_v by_o richard_n the_o second_o 2._o 5._o r._n 2._o 2._o and_o this_o be_v the_o true_a par_fw-fr pro_fw-la pari_fw-la 6._o 2._o h._n 6._o 6._o then_o use_v and_o continue_v by_o henry_n the_o sixth_o and_o edward_n the_o four_o 16._o 4._o e._n 4._o 16._o but_o more_o especial_o by_o that_o wise_a and_o politic_a prince_n 6._o 2._o h._n 6._o 6._o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o 6._o 3._o h._n 7._o 6._o absolute_o forbid_v the_o make_n of_o exchange_n and_o rechange_n for_o foreign_a part_n without_o the_o king_n especial_a licence_n have_v and_o obtain_v for_o the_o same_o to_o which_o end_n all_o the_o several_a act_n of_o parliament_n touch_v the_o direct_n and_o order_v of_o