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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	effect_n	natural_a	supernatural_a	1,915	5	10.5176	5	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A58144	The earth twice shaken wonderfully, or, An analogical discourse of earthquakes its natural causes, kinds, and manifold effects : occasioned by the last of these, which happened on the eighth day of September 1692, at two of the clock in the afternoon : divided into philosophical theorems, pick'd out of many famous, modern, and ancient treatises, translated into English : with reference to that unusual one that happened in Queen Elizabeth's reign, on the same day, 8th of September 1601 ... : with an account of many stupendious and wonderful events in Germany, Italy, and other kingdoms ... / by J.D.R., French minister.	J. D. R., French minister.	1693 (1693)	Wing R37; ESTC R4234	44,661	64

of the Vapours or Spiritus by which the Earth is moved this end is assigned by Naturalists that the nature of that Spi●itus may be preserved whilst sallying out of the Earth it ascends into the open Air making its own way out of the Caverns o● the Earth in which it was included as in its Prison so g●ning a place proper and agreablee to its own Nature 60. And seeing this Earthquake is mixed with Nature and Miracle it hath Natural effects and also its presages from the supernatural Ordination of God 61. The effects will be as is the Cause to wit Praeternatural that is contrary to Nature 62. Three of which effects are more especially to be feared which both the Nature of Earthquakes and Experience and the Observation of Examples do evince to wit Sickness Inundations and Sterility 63. Earthquakes cause Epidemical and Contagious Distempers because the Vapours in the Caverns of the Earth either contract rottenness or some venemous qualities especially if shut up in it for any considerable time and thence sallying out they make impressions in the Air that surrounds us which when drawn into our Bodies by breathing there must needs be impressed the like qualities in the inmost Bowels of our Bodies Neither do they only infect the Air but also the Water without which we cannot be That the quality of subterraneous Vapours is very prejudiciable to our Health is testified by experience in those places where the Earth abounding with Minerals s●nds into the Air frequent Exhalations but especially if the Earth be porous and loose Neither need we go very far for Examples Those Caverns which are at the Sharp and the Fountains of Schwalbuh may testifie it which are so much infested with venemous Exhaltations that Dogs or Hens carried into them die sooner than any one can imagine Geor. Agric. hath Writ accurately lib. 2. de nat rer è terra effluent When at the beginning of the Book he Writes the Air which is shut up a long time in any Concavity of the Earth rots and is made pestilent And a li●te after there are in many places of the Earth serobes exhaling mortiferous Vapours but no where more then in Italy c. Cardanus also in the Appendix of his Work de Re●um varietate explains the thing by some Histories and Examples Moreover the History of all Times teacheth us what grievous and pestilent Distempers have been caused by Earthquakes Seneca lib. 6. quoest natu attests that a Flock of 600 Sheep was destroyed by an Earthquake in the Province called Pompeia Sheep being of a very soft nature and carry their heads near the Ground In the 19th years from the building of Rome after an Earthquake followed a Plague which lasting three years there died at Rome 30000 men So in the year of our Lord 748. after an Earthquake in Palestine a great Sickness was prevalent in Sicily Greece and Thrace And in the year 801. when Charles the Great was invested with the Empire Upper Germany was infested with a vehement Earthquake but especially the Coast of the Rhine which was followed by a Pestilence which dreadfully afflicted Germany and other Places Stump lib. 4. cap. 21. So in the year 1309. on the Feast of the Conversion of St. Paul all Germany shook and the Plague afterwards raged throughout the Country so that 60000 men are reported to have died at Florence and 90000 at Lubeck That God the Father of all Mercy would grant that no such consequence may happen from our late Earthquake and that the Epidemical Disease which now infest these Places so near to a kind of a putrid and malignant Feaver may not be converted into a more dangerous Distemper The unlucky Eclipses and Positions of the heavenly Bodies this years portend some such things in other Countries The Northern Latitude of Saturn in the Sign of Scorpius and those four Eclipses of the foregoing year two of which happened in the Month of June whereof that of the Sun was a stupendious one for its Magnitude will exert their Operations this year as the Masters do reckon But that the Waters are also polluted by those Vapours is known by the Fountains which both before and after Earthquakes are wont to be impurer and thicker Which is also attested by Pliny lib. 2. cap. 81. where he says The Water in Wells is th●cker and not without a loath some smell which odour is Sulphu●eo●s and metalline from whence one may certainly conclude that some Vapours sallying out of the Earth have mingled themselves with the Water Hence it is that Pherecydes Pythagoras his Master foretold an Earthquake by drawing some Water out of a Well concerning which Pliny Writes as by some Divine Presage lib. 2. cap. 29. Which Cicero m●ntions 1. de Divinat Geor. Agricol lib. 4. de efflu è terr pag. 153. think that muddy Water in Wells is most commonly a Sign of an Earthquake already begun and he believes that no proper and certain Sign of future Earthquake can be assigned for those that are delivered by Writers are either the Sign of an Earthquake just b●g●n or its Modas so that they may happen w●●ho 〈◊〉 future Earthquake 64. 〈…〉 Earch are therefore wont to ensue Earthquake 〈…〉 ●●olently s●lying out of the Earth 〈…〉 Caverns wa●●re●● the 〈◊〉 ●eous Waters are 〈…〉 Water is 〈◊〉 more abound 〈◊〉 manner driven into 〈…〉 and 〈◊〉 of Fountains and R●vers 〈…〉 by A●●●●●le 2. 〈◊〉 cap. 8. Exhalations 〈…〉 with great Force c●●●y along with 〈◊〉 whatsoever Wa●●● 〈…〉 and he●●●ds in the same place that 〈◊〉 Wills that blow the co●●ary way are the Cause of it because 〈…〉 E●●th it cannot repel the Sea brought agai●●t it by another Wind Examples also observed in History 〈◊〉 the ●am For P●●c●p●u● lib. 3. de bello Gothor●n pag. 3●3 〈◊〉 ribes the unusual In●n●a●●on of Egypt as arising from an Earthquake About 〈◊〉 time 〈◊〉 Earthquake ●●ppe●ed which shook 〈…〉 Ach●ia and the other places about the S●nas G●●se●s an● 〈…〉 ●uit● number of other places and levelled ei●ht Citi●●oth Ground And the Earth in some places when it had gaped 〈◊〉 cam● again to its former state but in other places 〈◊〉 so much cle●t that the People of that Country were 〈◊〉 m●k● a large Circuit to converte with one another But in 〈◊〉 Sea between The●●aly and Beotia there arose so great 〈◊〉 Co●m●●●ion 〈◊〉 so great an in●ndation that great desolation was 〈◊〉 of M●●atai●s Ed●●ices and Men. In the see and year 〈…〉 of Flev Va●a●i●iam and Vale●s the Sea to s●●led that o●erflowing Sicily it Buried in its Waves ●●●●nal Towas and V●lag●s In the year 1508. a● Earthquake was so 〈◊〉 most g●e●ou I●●dation t●roug●out all Italy and Germany And wish we might take example and experiment of that calam●y 〈◊〉 the late Earthquake that we mig●t be brought to repenta 〈◊〉 In the same place 't is sad We have ne●s daily of ●ae 〈◊〉 ous Inundations through the Butchy of Juliers and Clav●s and

contrary to Nature Their Consideration is lawful CHAP. I. HOw many sorts of Earthquakes there are and in regard of Natural Causes what sorts of Earthquake this was that we speak of as well in regard of its Circumstances as in regard of its Effects pag. 3. CHAP. II. What was the nearest natural Cause of this Earthquake as in regard of its breadth as in regard of its celerity videl the qualities and dispositions of some fiery and subtil Vapours hidden towards the Center of the Earth To which may be added the various influences of the Celestial Bodies as far as their qualities do prevail or resist pag. 9. CHAP. III. The Earthquake by its Nature hath not an end properly yet the effects thereof are commonly three specially evinced both by Experiences and Observations of Examples to wit Sickness Inundation and Sterility To which some would joyn the Pr●sages of some wonderful and unusual Changes c. pag. 17. CHAP. IV. An examination of the Circumstances wherein these two Earthquakes do agree or differ both in their Form and second Causes in regard of the different Aspects of Planets as well as in their effects p. 30. As a Corollary Ten Problems are set rising Naturally from that Matter 1. Whether that be true which Pliny doth assert that France and Egypt are seldom shaken by reason of the cold of the one and the heat of the other p. 33. 2. Why Rivers decrease by Earthquakes p. 34. 3. Why those places that are either lying upon or encompassed by the Sea or some River be obnoxious to Earthquakes p. 36. 4. What credit may one give to the relation of Plato of the Island Atlantis drowned by an Earthquake p. 39. 5. Whether exteriour wind entring the Eart● from above is able to move it p. 41. 6. Whether Subterraneous Exhaltations are generated by the Sun Beams p. 43. 7. Whether some more sullen times of Earthquakes are to be appointed for any certain reasons p. 44. 8. Why are Birds frighted in an Earthquake p. 45. 9. Whether the Vaults in Houses are safest against Earthquakes Ibid. 10. If i● the late Earthquake is so ended that the sole●● Countries through which it went are secure from its itteration p. 46. THE EARTH Twice Shaken WONDERFULLY THEOREMS AS Rest is contrary to the Nature of Heaven so is Motion against the Nature of the Earth 2. But in this they differ that although no Natural Cause stops the Motion of the Heaven yet it may give some Motion to the Earth 3. The Heaven never rested but once Josh 10.13 since the Creation that we know of and then not totally neither but only in that part which is a Vehicle to the solar Body but the Earth is often moved 4. And altho' the rest of the Heaven be in it self a thing as much to be wondered at as Motion in the Earth yet the later seems to move and terrifie mens minds more 5. For the Earth doth more nearly touch us than Heaven and we are more sensible of danger when the Foundation of the World trembles and is shaken under us as tho' it were falling then if any thing happen above our heads or that which was moved above us move no more 6. Which Events as they do affect mens minds with a singular and as it w●re an amazing Admiration so they excite and stir them up more dil●gently to enquire after the Cause of the which besides our own experience Arist●tle Witnesseth in the 1st Book of his Metaphysickt Cap. 2. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Because of Admiration Men began both now and of old to Philos●phize 7 Seeing therefore that that Earthquake which formerly happened on the 8th of September 1601. between one and two of the Clock at Night struck almost all the Inhabitants of Europe with Admiration I doubt not but that which happened lately on the 8th day of September last excites many to the search of the Cause and Nature of them 8. Neither is this tracing even of wonderful and unaccu●●omed Events by their causes any ways displeasing to God seeing Effects themselves are more clearly understood when the Cause is known and the clearer Knowledge of Divine Works begets clearer notice of God himself and excites in us a greater fear and awe of him for clearness in the Understanding begets efficacy in the Will and Ardour in the Affections 9. Whilst therefore the Learned communicate to the World their Thoughts and Observations of that unusual Earthquake which no small part of the World felt which Observations they gather from the Remarks they make of the different Events that happened here and there especially since that Town in Jamaica was almost swollowed up by an Earthquake I have been likewise prevailed upon to put forth something that might be as an earnest if by chance by the comparing of Opinions the cause of this so stupendious an Event might more truly and plainly appear 10. I shall distribute the whole Matter into Four Chapters The First of which shall be of the Kind and Form of this Earthquake The next of the efficient Causes and the Third of the Effects and of their Signification and Presage at least as ordinary and common Fourth To which shall be joyned an Examination of Unformity or Disparity of one from another both in their Form and in their Causes and Effects CHAP. I. Of the Kind and Form of this Earthquake II. THere are two sorts of Earthquakes Trembling and P●lsation The differences of Earthquakes or their several Kinds may be derived either from the Force of the Spirit issuing out of the Superficies of the Earth or from the sound then made and from other accidents and effects Hence it is that in Lib. de Mun. There are reckon'd eight sorts of Earthquakes Georgius Agricola lib. 2. de ortu subter Makes four sorts of 'em a Trembling when it quivers lateraly Concussion when 't is moved on high and shelving in sublime devexum arietation when contrary blows shake it Lastly inclination when it is rowled like Water and the Waves But the same Author in his fourth Book of those things that proceed out of the Earth pag. 14. more accurately divides Earthquakes into simple and compounded and then subdvides both into their Species Aristotle 2. Metaphys reduces all sorts of Earthquakes to two general Heads to wit 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a trembling and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Pulsus which division I thought good to follow in this place 12. A Trembling is a Motion of the Earth according to its Latitude to the right and left side Aristotle in the forecited place says that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. e. trembling is towards the sides and calls it also 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which signifies to brandish for the leaping of the Earth is as it were a brandishing And this sort of Earthquke is frequent but Pulsus and Arietation as they call them are more seldom which Aristotle testifieth in his

which was at the suffering of Christ who says Terrae Motus c. Earthquake often happened but those which were before and after Christ were only in some part of the Earth but in the time of my Saviour Jesus Christ it was not some particular Earthquake but the whole Earth was shaken and torn from its Center But I know not what credit one may give to this Opinion of Dydimus The Scripture says the Earth is so founded that he shall never be moved viz. as to its Profundity and Center Psal 104.5 He hath founded the Earth upon its basis that it should not be removed for ever A paralel place to which is in Eccles 1.4 That Earthquake also happened at the Resurrection of Christ is to be referred to those that are purely miraculous Matth. 28.2 as is also that spoken of in the 4th of Acts 31. and that Acts 16.26 and also that which happened a little before the Promulgation of the Divine Law Exod. 19.18 and that opening of the Earth that swallowed up Corah Dathan and Abiram Numb 16.21 And that which is mentioned Amos 1.1 and Zac. 14.5 Yea ye shall flie like as you fled from before the Earthquake in the days of Vzziah King of Judah which Josephus lib. 9. antiq cap. 2. describes 19. A mixt Earthquake is that which hath a Natural cause but extraordinarily as it were increased by God and in some sort enlarged beyond the Power of Nature God often makes use of Natural Causes in the production even of miraculous Events lest the Agents might not be hindered without necessity and that he might shew that the Power of Nature and second Causes are not at all repugnant to the Divine Power but subordinate to it And Lastly That he might shew that he hath the Power of Nature in his own hands and disposal and that he can either augment their force or diminish it 20. And this Earthquake is observed to be twofold 21. One is restrained to some certain Place and included within some tract of Ground so that it hath an unusual vehemency of Spirits under-ground and wonderfully increased from which arises destructive and great hurt Of which sort was that Earthquake which happened in the 20th or as other reckon the 22th year of Christ of which we spoke before whereby 14 Cities of Asia perished Such a one was that also that happened in the Reign of Herod the Great by which many Cities Towns and Villages being demolished in Judea 30000 Jews perished as Josephus says in his 1st Book of the Wars of the Jews chap. 14. So from the year of Christ 1170. to the year 1345. all Germany was four times most grievously shaken as one may see from Funccius Stumpsius Sigonius Cedrenus and others 22. Some Earthquakes are unusual and remarkable in respect of their Latitude and Celerity so that a great part of the World is shaken and that some time quickly as it were in an Hour or in a Moment Which sort of Earthquake History mentions to have happened in the time of Valentinian the Emperor in the year of our Lord 369. by which the whole Earth was moved in so much that many Islands in the East with a great multitude of Men perished by Inundation which is attested by Socrat. lib. 4. Hist Eccles cap. 32. Amianus Marcellinus in the end of his 26 Book Paul Orosius lib. 7. Hist cap. 32 Funccius in Chronol so in the year of our Lord 1117. almost all the World shook many Buildings being demolished every where by it as Stumpsius relates lib. 4. cap. 40. but in the year 1443. an Earthquake shook Poland Hungary and Bohemia King Ladistaus being not long after killed by the Turks with a great overthrow of the Christians 23. To this sort of Earthquakes is referred that wonderful and unusual one which happened in the year 1601. on the 8th of September between one and two of the Clock at Night 24. For ●●s not probable that so great a Tract of this terren Globe as that Earthquake passed through could be moved by the ordinary and accustomed force of Nature which not only our European Hemispl●●e Germany France Italy Hungary Bohemia Thraoe but Asia it self is r●ported to have felt We have not yet heard for certain l●●w ●●r th●t ●arthq●●ke reached into Asia and Africa but this is certain that the gre●t●st part of Europe trembled and that almost 〈◊〉 the same ●●om●nt Some Reports have lately been hatched that 〈◊〉 that two Towns called by the Turks Tartos and Copera were s● allowed up by the gaping of the Earth caused by that Earthquake to the ●r●at Consternation of the Turks who from that time belie●●● th●t si●●istro●s and unlucky Events were pretended t●● their Empire which if true may make it apparent that this Earthquake was not every where a Tremor but in some places a Pulsus and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to wit where the Spirits abound or the Ground is porous or gra●●lly as it is about the Euxine Sea and at Constantinople which City if any in Europe is infested with frequent and pernicious Earthquakes In the year of our Lord 1356. it was so grievously shaken that a great part of the Walls where it looks into the Sea fell down with many Towers and Buildings so that 13000 Men perished in the City the Earthquakes lasting incessantly for 18 days Agathias lib. 5. pag. 541. relates a dreadful Earthquake that happened in this City A little while before these thing happened in the time of Justinian the Earth was so dreadfully shaken at Bizantium that almost all the City fell down after which another Earthquake ensued that was so great that I think there never was nor will be the like again 25. There are therefore two things in that Earthquake which make it extraordinary and very miraculous the breadth and that it penetrated those places which are not subject to Earthquakes and the Celerity of it And although the Mischiefs it caused in some Parts may assure us ol●●i●s vehemency yet 't is not so stupendious for its Mischiefs as for its Latitude Celerity and Presage For we read in History of far more dreadful havock and destruction made by some other Earthquakes and moreover we know from Physical Principles that those ●●●●b●i●gs ●hat extend farthest are not so highly distrustful For the force of Subterraneous Spirits the more 't is dissipated the more ●●●gui● it is CHAP. II. Of the Cause 26. VVHether a Natural Cause can be assigned for both effects we must now enquire 27. That there was a Natural Cause although not alone is evident from Observation 28. For the time it self is such at is convenient for a Natural Earthquake to wit Autumn and also near the Equinox for about that time Earthquakes are wont to happen Aristotle 2 Meteor cap. 8. says t●uly Earthquakes happen chiefly in Autumn because those times are most Windy Which Pliny also relates lib. 2. cap. 8. 29. It was also two of the Clock in the Morning which is

represent destructful punishments and calamities by an Earthquake 73. For nothing seems to be a greater punishment and calamity to Mankind than an Earthquake 74. For all o●her fatal punishments are wont to ensue upon an Earthquake and we may sooner foresee War Famine and Pestilence and so take heed of and avoid them by preparing proper Remedies than we can foresee avoid and fly from an Earthquake seeing the Spiritus in the Earth is not restrained by any Humane force neither can we fly away from the Earth Hence it is that Experience witnesseth that Brute Beasts and Men are terrified by nothing so much as by an Earthquakes so we see that even the most savage and cruel Hearts of Tyrants that have their minds hardened most against God and Men have been terrified by Earthquakes There is extant in Josephus a memorable passage concerning this lib. 1. de bell Jud. cap. 14. and lib. 15. Autiq. Jud. Where Herod a despiser of God and Men thus Speaks to his Army Let not the Fear of inanimate things 〈◊〉 all terrifie you nor imagine that Earthquake is an 〈◊〉 of future dis●●●●ctio● for the defects of the Elements themselves ●●e Natural and infor ●o other los● than that which they cause so that when they d●●happen they are inded●●y their own greatness These Proph●●ne Speeches did the Tyrant then utter whilst he himself was so astonished in his own Mind that he offered Sacrifice for the appeasing of God as Josephus mentions in the same place The Heath●●●s being always terrined by Earthquakes began then in earnest to think of appeasing God and rightly of instituting their Sacrifices Hence it is that Pliny saith lib. 2. cap. 8● For there is not only in an Earthquake some simple evil and danger but an equal or greater Omen of something to come The City of Rome never t●●mbled yet it shook in the year 537. about fifty seven times but it was the Omen of some future Event Therefore that impious saying of Seneca is repugnant to the Sense and Conscience of Mankind The God● do nothing of these thing neither is the Heaven or the Earth shaken by the anger of the Deities So Gellius lib. 2. cap. 28. What is the Cause of Earthquake is not yet manifest Therefore the ●●●cient Romans when they either perceived or were told that the Earth s●ook commanded by their Edits that Holydays should be kept but in the publishing of them did not name the God ●●●●s usual for whom the same were to be kept and Marcus Varro says ●●was so observed by the Decide of the Priests because 't was ●ncertain whether the ●●●rth trembled by the Power of the Gods or Goddesses There is ext●nt in Rosinus the History of some Superstitious expiation lib. 4. pag. ●6 where he says That grievous La●th●●●●es ensued upon the Death of Valentinian Crete was vehemently shaken with all Peloponnesus and the rest of Greece except Athens and the Country thereof which they say was saved by this means N●storius the High Priest s●w in a Dream the Athenians advis'd to prefer the Hero Achilles to the highest Honnour 's for this would be ●●st advantagious he therefore being taught by Divine Speculations after having performed a solemn Sacrifice placed the ●ma●e of the ●e●o under A●in●●●'s so was Athen● and ●ll its Lard s●●e from the Earthquake There is a p●●●●lled place in Synesius Cyre Epis 61. of Devotion in the time of Earthquakes God often say● he caused an Earthquake in the day time and Men stood commonly upright whist they pray'd for the Ground w●s shaken wherefore thinking the S●a●●●● more severely shaker th●n the Land ●●an to the Heaven 〈…〉 Christian of the ●●●●●●ive Church●●s●d not to fly to any unkown God but to the true one that shake the Earth and implored his Grace and Mercy an Example of which pious Custom is related by Justinian the Emperour who when he heard that Antiochia was shaken by a grievous Earthquake in which a great number of Men had perished presently laid down his Diadem and Imperial Robes and put Sackcloth and published an Edict whereby he commanded his subjects to Fast and Pray for many days and to do all other things which testifie a serious repentance Sozomenus lib. 6. cap. 2. Stump lib. 7. cap. 28. There is extant also an Epistle of Marcus Aurelius Antoninus to the People of Asia wherein he exhorts them not to lay the Fault of the Earthquake upon the Christians but rather religiously to invoke after their fashion the Author of the Earthquake It will not be absur'd continues he to comfort your sorrow by a just warning for I have found out that in such occasions you do ascribe these ordinary Events to some motive of envy that the God whom they trust much to may have and whilst that you know not the Reasons thereof you do neglect every time the Worship of the other Gods and so you endeavour to put away and cast down the Worship of the immortal God whom the Christians do adore And there is no doubt but that many pious Men every where through Germany and other Countrys devoutly and religiously followed that pious Custom of the Ancient Church and stirr'd up themselves to serious Repentance and ardent invoking of God's name which effect if it hath not happened in all yet the thoughts of the Evils which have in all Ages ensued upon the Earthquakes ought still to stir them up and awaken them to true repentance seeing those effects have been observed by the most severe Writers of Earthquakes For it is not rash to say that commotions of the mind follow an Earthquake as a Shadow the Body Neither does it want its natural Causes for 't is certain that the Air we draw in have several change of alterations by Earthquakes and the Temperament and so the m●nners of Men are much affected with the temperateness or intemperatness of the Air and they are disposed by it if we believe the most kilful Physitians and our own experience Histories are full of Examples of which I will instance but one or two Delus trembled about the time of the Peloponnesian War which was called immoveable by Pindar as Seneca relate out of Callisthenes lib. 5. Nat. quaest Whilst Brenno was attacking the Del-phian Temple there happened so great an Earthquake and so great a Tempest mingled with Hail and Rain that the Gaulois Army were almost overwhelmed Earthquakes happened often in the Carthaginian War so that 't was said at Rome an Earthquake happened 57 times in the same year in which the Romans and the Carthagians fighting at the Lake Trasimenian were neither of them sensible of a great Earthquake which was there Flin lib. 2. cap. 4 and in the 83. he says That two Mountains ran against one another rising and retiring with a great noise by which concourse all the Towns were dash'd to peices and Cattle between kill'd which was in the year before the Social War and says he I know not but it may