extends them to the Universal Body of Mankind So notwithstanding that Moses wriâ— these Books for the instruction of that People in the first place he undoubtedly deâ—â—gn'd them for the information of others living in a State of Ignorance And therefore although he does noâ— expresly by way of Argument prove the Being of a God and that he waâ— the Supreme Cause of the World's Creation Atheism being not then heard of in the World yet he does it implicitly by describing of those several Degrees and Subordinations of Life in the World and by shewing how eveâ—y inferior Rank of Creatures is subservient to its Superior and how every inferior Species is concatenated and link'd to its Superior by intermediates all which is so visible and obvious in the Frame of the World that an easie Philosopher without any great difficulty or hard Study may ascend Gradatim first from those common Minerals of Salt Sulphur and Mercury to the several degrees and kinds of Oars and Metals from these to the fertile Soil from it to the several degrees of Life and Perfection in Vegetables as Grass Herbs Plants Shrubs Trees c. and from these to the Zoophyta or Plant-Animals which concatenates the highest degree of Vegetation to the lowest degree of Sensation from the several degrees of Sensation in Brutal Animals to Man which is an intermediate Animal that links and couples Heaven and Eearth together from Man to tâ—e several degrees of Light Life and Perfection in the Angelick Nature and from the Intellectual Nature to God the Fountain of Light Life and Perfection who as an Universal Soul actuates the whole World by giving of the several degrees of Life and Perfection to all the Creatures in the Animal World as they are plac'd in Orbs or Spheres nearer or at a greater distancâ— from his Divine Essenâ—e Thus in God all Creatures Live Move and have their Beings and by these gradations we may either ascend up to Heaven where God Almighty resides in Infinite Glory and Perfectioâ— or from thence descend to the hidden and dark Regions of Matter CHAP. III. Of the Creation of Second Causes and the manner of their Producton and ways of Working THE grand reason why Plato and Aristotle and â—he rest of the Natural Philosophers did assume it as a granted Principle that Nothing waâ— made out of Nothing and that every thing produced had necessarily some pre-existent Matter out of which it was so formed was as I have already hinted because they cou'd not observe in the ordinary course of Nature any thing produced de novo therefore â—hey concluded it impossible that any such Production cou'd ever be or â—appen in Nature But from particular Experiments or Observations to establish a general Conclusion especially concerning the impossibility of any thing 's Existence is no regular and warrantable way of argumentation for there may be Agents of another Sort and Powers which can produce Effects in another way than cou'd ever come within the compass of our observation for we see and cannot but make it an observation that one sensitive Animal by the power of Sensation can do more and produce greater effects than all the Vegetables can produce by the power and strength of Vegetation And one Man by the Power of his Natural Reason can produce more noble Effects than all the Brute Animals by the Strength of Sensation so one Angel by the Power and Vigour of his Spiritual and Intellectual Natures can produce effects more great and wonderful than all the Men in the World can by the power of Reason tho' never so exalted and sublimated for we read in 2 Kings 19. Chap. and 15. Verse that an Angel in one night went out and smote in the Camp of th' Assyrians one Hundred and fourscore and five thousâ—nd but how or by what means this Angelick power was exercised it is not within the compass of shallow Reason to conceive Yet we may reasonably conclude from it that if an Angel by the Power of his Intellectual Nature can do more than aâ—l the Men in the World so God Almighty by his Divine Essence can produce greater and far more wonderful effects than the whole Angelick Nature even such as is impossible either for us or them to understand But Moses having to hiâ— great improvements in Natural Philosophy the Advanâ—ages of the Patriarchal Traditionâ— and a Divine Revelation and being best acquainted with God Almighty's Power in producing Effects doth not only positively asserâ— that God was the Maker and Builder oâ— this World but that he Created iâ— and the Matter on which it doth consist out oâ— Nothing and that by uttering of thaâ— Almighty Word sâ—at not audibly for then there was no sensible Auditor in Being but mentally that is by an Act of Volition sic volo sic â—ubeo being oâ—ly a Prerogative of Almighâ—y Power The Second Causes which this Almighâ—y Power Created out of Nothing and which he made use of as instrumental iâ— all Productions of a mixt Constitution may be considered either as they are Essential or Accidental The Essential Causes were Light and Darkness the External and Accidental Causes were Motion Time and Place without which all Natural Productions are Physically impossible God having created these Second Causes by another Imperious VVord set them on working and he gave them also a Rule or Model to work by which is most commonly called the Course of Nature and when these new Agents had produced any effect he view'd it and gave it his Divine approbation in these Words God saw that it was good i.e. that it was agreeable with that Rule and Model he had given them to work by which words tho' they be spoken ad Hominem yet undoubtedly Moses intended by them to instruct and inform Mankind that the World was not made by Chance or the casual Motion of blind Atoms as some since have Atheistically asserted but by Wisdom Councel and Deliberation And this establish'd Course of Nature or these Laws and Rules which the Divine Wisdom gave to the Second Causes to work by he never interrupts or varies from but upon great and extraordinary occasions when he is pleas'd to give some Demonstrations of his Almighty Power and Universal Providence by which he governs the World at his Will and Pleasure then he can either divert the Natural Causes from their usual course or by them produce Supernatural Effects as the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah by extraordinary Thunder and Lightning the Destruction of all living Creatures upon the face of the Earth by an Universal Deluge or he can stop them in their Natural Course as when he caus'd the Sea to divide and stand still and the Sun to move backwards CHAP. IV. Of Light and Darkness the common Principles of mix'd Bodies what they were in Mass and how theiâ— division made the first production ALL the Natural Philosophers wanting the assistance of a Divine Revelation did agree in this that there cou'd be no Production
upon the Mountains from whence it takes its Rise and these as Geographers give Account are that vast Ridge of Mountains which for their Height bear the Name of Montes Lunae as iâ— their lofty Tops wash'd their Headâ— in the Moon 's Waterish Vortex Others are of Opinion that the Yearly Over-flowing of that River is caus'd by those great Rains which fall every Spring in the higher Ethiopia But if either the Dissolution of Snow or Inundations caus'd by the falling of those Spring-Rains were the true Reason c. they wou'd also cause the otheâ— Rivers in those Countries to Overflow their Banks at the same time which is so far from being Observable that when Nilus Over-flows the otheâ— Rivers are at a very low Ebb. The Cause then of this Yearly Overflowing of Nilus which begins about the 17th of Iune and continues until the 6th of October seems to be a Subterranean Damp which Yearly Stagnates the Circulation of Air in these vast Rocks and open Strata from whence those Rapid Springs and Feeders slow which are the Heads of that Famous River The Subterranean Air being Dampt the Springs and Mineral Feâ—ders are forc'd to stand back and fill all those vast Concavities and Hollows for several Miles upon â—he Side-rise and some Miles upon the Top-rise of those Rocks and Metals until the weight of so vast a quantity of Water which may be compar'd to a lâ—sser Sea breaks the Damp or Damm of Stagnated Air and then the River begins to Over-flow anâ— continues until the Waters be spent and the Damp gathers again It s observ'd that when the River Nilus begins to Over-Flow its Banks that great Plagues break out in Cairo which seems to be occasion'd by those gross Vapours and Mineral Exhalations that arise from so vast a quantity of Stagnated Water which whilst by its Motion its Purging of it self and recovering of its Sweetness fly about corrupt the Air and cause Infections This Subterranean Damp is likewise the cause of the Horary Over-â—lowing of the Spring at Gigleswick in Yorkshire for this Spring bâ—ing the feeder of a Lime-stone Rock near Thirty Yards Perpendicular in Height which breaks out at the Foot of it so oftâ—n as the Circulation of the Air in the Rock is dampt the Spring runs very slowly and when the weight of the Water has broken the Damp it Over-flows and this Flux and Reflux is once in every Hour I observ'd my self that before the Waters began to Flow there was a knocking in the Rock and this was caused by the pressing of the Water upon the Damp before it broke The same is the cause of that Drumming in the Well at Bautry which the Inhabitants of the Town told me never happâ—n'd but against the change of Government This Well is observ'd to be â—or the most part Dry which is occasion'd by the feeders standing back the drumming noise is occasion'd by the Waters pressing upon the Damp and the Hollows of the Well for as soon as the Damp is broken the Well fills wiâ—h Water and the Drumming is over This occasions the Report of Under-ground Spirits which Miners call Mineral Spirits and they observe that these Spirits give notice by Knocking or Groaning before the Mineral Vein be discover'd I have observ'd my self that in a new Collerie when the Workmen were near the Coal and only the Kell which kept the feeder of it unbrokâ—n there wou'd have been a sort of Knocking Sighing or Groaning heard in the Vein which was only occasion'd by the weight of the Water lying in the Coal and pressing forward for more room and liberty for as soon as the Coal was prick'd the Water rose in the Pit the Knocking was over and the Mineral Spirit Conjur'd Of this kind also is that Damp which the Miners sometimes meet with in their sinking of deep Pits and new Works where a Cloud of Breath or Sweat perspiring from the Bodies of the Workmen will stiâ—le the Circulation of the Air and not suffer the Candles to Burn. This Damp will steal 〈◊〉 Breath insensibly from the Workmâ—â— and stiâ—le ' em There is yet another kind of Damp the Miners complain of which they call the foul or stinking Damp and this is caused by the breaking out of corrupted Air from old crusted Works This if not prevented will Kill and Stifle the Workmen The Aerial Damps will be treated upon in Meteorologie Having given an Account of the Causes Natures and Effects of Damps and such Preter-natural Accidents as have and may disturb and interrupt the regular Course of Nature we cannot but make an Enquiry into the Causes of Noah's Flood the Season of the Year when it happen'd and the Alterations and Devastations it made upon the Earth CHAP. XX. Of Noah's Flood its Causes the Season of the Year when it happen'd the Effects and Alterations it made upon the Earth If these two Learn'd Men viz. Dr. Burnet and Dr. Woodward had understood better the Structure of the Terraqueous Globe the Natural Consistences of it the Causes Natures and Effects of Damps and that those Subterranean Waters which Circulate through the Veins of the Earth bears proportion to Seventy two Oceans they woâ—'d have discover'd such a quantity of Water as wou'd have caus'd an Universal Deluge without the Conceit of a Central or Subterranean Abyss Which Hypothesis tho' manag'd with the greatest Artisice of Invention and Oratory when seriously enquir'd into will be found to have very little of Truth in the bottom of it for it seems not only inconsistent with the Original Settlement of Matter as we have observ'd already but also with Dr. Woodward's Hypothesis concerning the re-settling of the fluid Matter dissolv'd by the Deluge which he positively asserts to have been according to the Rules of Specifick Gravity the heaviest subsiding the lowest This Hypothesis if taken for granted we must necessâ—rily conclude from it that all those kinds of ponderous Ore and heaviest Rocks of Iron Stone Marble c. would have sunk down into the Central Vault and fill'd it up That the rest of the Fix'd Matter being by some degree lighter would have spread their Solid Strata uppermost And that the Fluid Waters being by several degrees lighter than the Fix'd Matter would have cover'd the whole Terreâ—e Globe and consequently wou'd have caus'd an Universal and perpetual Deluge upon the Earth But suppose it possible to improve the strength of Imagination to such a height as to fancy that there was Originally and is still a vast Abyss of Hot Water contain'd in the Center of the Earth it cannot be so easily apprehended by what Power or Means this vast substance of Water shou'd be put into so high a degree of Fertâ—entation and Commotion as to cause an Universal Disruption and Dissolution of the Earth as Dr. Woodward conceits for although that Fire placed under a Pot sill'd with Water will by emitting of its fiery Globuli and mingling them with the Water cause so
bold to borrow the best Part of the Observations in his Work 'T is also remarkable how Pag. 249 252 255 256 257 259. he falls foul upon a very famous and reverend Divine for taking the same Philosophick Liberty which he himself assumes in many Places of his Essay As for his darling Notion though none of his own of Specifick Gravity 't is notoriously false in Fact and Nature for the Strata Layers or Bedâ— of Sediments out of which Steno Scillâ— Grandius Ramazzini and others will have the Earth made up do not lie according to their different Weights or according to the Statick Laws of descent of Solids in Fluids for the Strata of Marble and other Stone of Lead and other Metals lye often near the top or Superficies having many lighter Strata under them and if all the Strata thro the whole Globe could possibly be viewed and examined I am confident the respective Order of specifick Gravity would not hold in any two together and who can fancy that the Parts of Ferns Mosses and other Plants of Shells Teeth and other Bones should equiponderate with those of Metallick Fossils nay oftentimes subside below them and whoever views the Dimensions Weight Figure and Place of those vast Natural Columns call'd the Devil 's Causy in Ireland will be soon convinced of the Weakness of this Hypothesis Their Origine therefore must be accounted for some other way than what Coluâ—na Steno Scilla Boccone Grandius and others copying after them have deliver'd concerning the Deluge and Inundations Strata Crusts or Sediments according to the Laws of Specifick Gravity neither are the many Phenomena relating to their Situation explicable by any Theories of the Earth as yet publish'd I know not what Dr. Hooke may do when he comes to print his Lectures upon this Subject which the Virtuosi expect and very earnestly crave of him Much also may be perform'd by the Learned Mr. Edward Lhwyd Keeper of the Oxford Museum who hath been very diligent and accurate in his Observations on these Bodies and whose Candor and Modesty joyned with his exquisite Judgment render him capable of such an Undertaking As to the Origine of subterraneous Plants either digg'd out of Earthen Beds or lodged within Stony Substances or else impress'd upon them which Steno in his Prodroms translated by Mr. Oldenburgh Pag. 93 94 95. will needs derive the same way with those of Shells Teeth Bones and other Parts of Animals buried in the like Strata or Sediments of the Deluge Mr. Lhwy'd of Oxford has rais'd many invincible Objections against this Stenonian Hypothesis in the last Edition of Camden's Britannia Pâ—g 692 693. and Mr. Ray in his second Preface to the Synopsis of British Plants argues very Philosophically against this Opinion reviv'd of late with great Assurance and in a positive manner but Mr. Whiston hath done very wisely in taking no notice of the many insuperable Difficulties which have been uâ—g'd against the bringing in of these Bodiâ—s and the forming our present Crusts and Layers of Earth out of a general Deluge He hath saved himself much Sweaâ— and Pains in having Recourse only to two or three late Books and in consulting Copies instead of Originals which would have given more Strength and Beauty to his Work and would have look't more masterly however the Gentleman hath performâ—d very well in the main and hath shewn a profound and clear Knowledge in Physical Science though not in the History of Learning nor in that of Nature Hiâ— Conjectures are admirable but his Quotations and References are not coâ—mendable being injurious to those eminent Philosophers who were the first Iâ—ventors and yet passed over in Silence as though there had been no such Writers many of their Observations being attributed by the Author of the New Theory to one of his own Acquaintance who may do as much for him another time but I would not willingly accuse Mr. Whiston of any ungenerous dealing having discover'd a noble Genius in the Formation of his System and therefore I conclude with respect to him and with Charity to all Mankind The Contents of the first Part. CHap. 1. The Philosophical meaning of these Words In the beginning God created the Heavens and the Earth and what may be concluded from them Chap. 2. Of God the supream and efficiâ—nt Cause and why Moses proves not the Being of a God expresly by way oâ— Argument â—ut implicitly by describing of the several Degrees of Perfection and the Subordinations of Life Chap. 3. Of the Creation of second Causes and the manner of their Production and ways of working Chap. 4. Of Light and Darkness the common Principles of mix'd Bodies what they were in Mass and how their Division made the first Production Chap. 5. Of Light the formal Cause of all mix'd Productions what it was whilst in Mass. Chap. 6. Of Darkness the material Cause of all mix'd Productions what it was in Mass how it was reduâ—'d into Form Of the Power of Matter and Motion Of Sympathy and Antipathy Chap. 7. Of the Spirit of God moving upon the Face of the Waters what is philosophically meant by it Of the â—irst division of the Waters and the clearing of the sublunary Firmament Chap. 8. The Division of the lower Waters into subterranean superterrâ—nean and nubiferous and by what Gradations the dry Land appear'd Chap. 9. Of the Primeval or Antediluvian Figure oâ— the Earth Chap. 10. Of the constituent Pâ—rts oâ— the Earth and â—irst of the volatile Part of it or the central Fire its natural Vses Chap. 11. Of the sixt Part of the Earth and first of the Inequality of its Surface their Natural Causes and Vses Chap. 12. Of Mountains their original Cause consistences and natural Vses being the first dry Land that appear'd Chap. 13. Of Mountain Heaths c. Chap. 14. Oâ— the Plains and Valleys c. Chap. 15. Of the Channel of the Sea c. Chap. 16. Of the â—luid Part of this terraqueous Globe and â—irst of the Sea c. Chap. 17. Of those preternatural Accidentâ— that disturb and interrupt the Course of Nature in this Material World c. Chap. 18. Of the central Damps Their Causes Natures and dreadful Effects upon this Globe Câ—ap 19. Of terrene Damps and their dreadful Effects upon this Globe c. Chap. 20. Of Noah's Flood its Causes the Season of the Year when it happen'd the Effects and Alterations it made upon the Earth Chap. 21. Of the season of the Year when the Deluge happen'd Chap. 22. Of the Alterations which Noah's Flood made in and upon the Earth The Contents of the second Part. CHap. 1. Of the Plastick Spirit in Matter and its natural Products Chap. 2. Of the grand Cover of the Earth the sympathetical Vnion of the plastick and vivisick Spirit and the Production of Vegetables the first and lowest Degree of Life Chap. 3. Of reducing the confus'd Mass of Light or the etherial Flame into a Body which made the Sun of reducing
those lighter Fogs and waâ—erish Mists into a Body which made the Moon how by clearing of the superlunary Firmament or the Planetary Spheres the Stars appear'd and what the Sun Moon and Stars contribute towards the Production of sensitive or locomotive Animals and why the Creation of these second Causes made the fourth Production Chap. 4. Of the Production of the second Degree of Life and first of oviparous Animals as Fish and waterish Insects Chap. 5. Of the second Genus oâ— oviparous Animals viz. the Aerial And first of Fly-Insects secondly of Serpents thirdly of Birds and why Moses makes the waterish and aerial Animals congenial Chap. 6. Of the terrene or viviparous Animals Chap. 7. Of the Creation of Man the sixth Production The Conclusion Wherein is shewn the meaning and signisicancy of these Words And God saw every thing that he had made and behold it was very good A Discourse concerning the Terrestrial Paradise shewing how Adam was introduced into it The Time he continued in it and how he and Eve employed that Time A Discourse concerning the Conflagration of this material World the Local Hell its outmost Boundaries or Abraham's Gulph A short Treatise of Meteorology with some Observations concerning the Changes and Alterations of the Weather Chap. 1. Of Vapourâ—â—nd Exhalations c. Chap. 2. Of the efficient Causes oâ— all Meteors and first of Heat Chap. 3. Of Cold the other efficient Cause of Meteors Chap. 4. Of the Air or Medium wherein all Meteors are generated Chap. 5. Of fiery Meteors c. Chap. 6. Of Comets c. Chap. 7. Of Thunder its Causes and Effects Chap. 8. Of vaporous Meteors and first of Dews and Hoar Frosts Chap. 9. Of Rain Hail and Snow Chap. 10. Oâ— Hail and Snow with Observations Chap. 11. Of Frost and Thaw Chap. 12. Oâ— the Sphere of Rarefaction Chap. 13. Of Wind Helms and Arches Chap. 14. Prognostications of the Change and Alteration of Weather from the setting and rising of the Sun The Author living at a great Distance from the Press desires the Reader â—o pâ—â—don those following Mistakeâ— PAge 5. line 13. read further p. 25. l. 6. r. Philosophically p. 27. l. 9. r. Anteperistatical p. 30. l. 10. r. Nutritius p. 44. l. 25. r. Fluidity p. 67 l. 1. r. Nature p. 91. l. 4. r. Sublunary p. 121. l. 24. r. Litoralâ—s p. 13â— l. 25. r. Assimilation p. 139. l. 10. r. learned p. 155. l. 28. r. Zodiack A Scheme wherein the Several Phaenomena of this Terraqueous Globe are Explained ABCDEFG A The Central Fire disseminating a Vital heat through the whole Cortex or Shel of the Globe B The Mountains â—rom the Centre to the Surface C Heaths D Plains E The Channel of the Sea The flatt Strata or Beds of Matter with their Acclivities to the â—ountains and Declivities to the Seas together with their Elevations and Depressions thus described The winding and turnings of the greater Veins Dividing the several Classes of Matter described thus through which the whole Mass of sâ—â—terranean Water Circulates Their Lesser Fibres or Rami Factions filling all the flat Strata with feeders of Water which breaking out upon the Surface of the Earth cause Spring c. described thus F The Seas with the Rivers flowing into them from the Tops of the Mountains swelling them into a Ciâ—bosity and causing in them a Continual Fermentation G Vapors Arising from the Seas which being Attracted by the Coldness of the Mountains fixeth there Forming an Atmosphere round the whole Globe PART I. CHAP. I. â—he Philosophical meaning of these Words In the beginning God created the Heavens and the Earth and what may be concluded from them MOSES in his Philosophical Description of the Creation lays it down as a granted Principle or a grand Thesis â—â—at the Heavens and the Earth with 〈◊〉 their Parts Furniture and variety 〈◊〉 Natures contained in them were â—â—eated de novo and that God the â—â—pream Being Un-created and Indeâ—endent Almighty in Power and Inâ—â—nite in Wisdom and all Perfections â—as the efficient cause That the time when the World was Created was in the beginning of Time or when Time first began to have a Being for before the World was Created there was duration or Stabilis Aeternitas as the Schoolmen express it but Time being an equal mensuration of Motion it and Motion began together From this grand Thesis we may conclude First against Aristotle who endeavour'd by many Arguments to prove that the World as it now stands in Matter and Form was Eternal which Hypothesis advanceth the World into an equality with God makes it its own efficient Cause Uncreated and Independent In the Second place this Mosaick Thesis concludes against Plato and his Followers who tho' he did positively assert that God made the World yet he did conceive that the Matter on which it did consist was Eternal and Pre-existent By which Hypothesis he concludes God to be an impotent cause not able to create the World without Matter and Stuff to work upon These mistaken Principles in Philososophy were occasion'd from the Observation of the regular course of Nature not considering that there might be other causes which might produce effects in an other way than cou'd ever come within the compass of their narrow observation for how Spiritual Causes produce their effects its impossible for us whilst we continuâ— in this dark state of Matter wherein we have but a very short and narrow prospect to understand In the Third place it concludes against Democritus and his Followers who did not only conceit that Matter was Eternal and Pre-existent but that the World had no efficient cause but what was from Chance or the casual motion of Matter which consisting of infinite numbers of Atoms or little Corpuscles of different Figures Natures and Qualities which rainged about in a vast and infinite space until at the last by Divisions Separations and Mixtures occasioned by their contrary and mixt Qualities and the innate Power of Sympathy and Antipathy they at last setled into the Form and Figure of this World which it can no more alter or vary from than the active Fire be taught to change its Nature and descend and Gravation to ascend and fly upward No doubt but this Hypothesis waâ— grounded upon an experimental Observation of the several Kinds of Matter of different Natures which being mixt together in a Glass or any transparent Vessel will separate and divide themselves proprio mâ—tu tho never so jumbled and mix'd together I shall not in this place shâ—w you the absurdity of this Hypothâ—sis but rather chuse in the following Chapters to give some account what Feats Matter and Motion will produce by vertue of their contrary Qualities and the power of Sympathy and Antipathy and how far God Almighty might make uâ—e of thâ—se towards the forming the materrial part of this World We may hence farther conclude that although neither the World as it stands nor the Matter on which it consists did
were produc'd the Air and Water being Transmutable Elements Thirdly From the likeness of their Actions and Qualities the one Kind having Fins by which they Swim in the Water the other having Wings by which they Fly or Swim in the Air. As these were the Productions of the first Spring Months viz. Ianuary February and March so in these Months they do always Propagate their Kinds by laying of Eggs every Species according to its Kind some on Mountains others in Valleys some by Water-sides others in the Woods c. the warm Wing of the Dam now supplying the Want of a warm Sun-beam For as the Wing Hatcheth them out of their Shells so it strengthens and nourishes them by Vital Incubations till their Pinions be able to bear them up to seek their own Food Thus the Wing is both the Midwife that brings them out and the Nurse that brings them up CHAP. VI. Of the Terrene or Viviparous Animals AFter the Production of these Animals of a lower Degree of Life and Perfection and the Sun was advanc'd higher in his Annual Motion which Darting down his warm Beams upon the Earth in a more direct Line they did penetrate deeper into the Cold Matter and by drawing forth its Fertile Spirits towards the Skin or Surface of it they set the Plastick power on working and modifying the Passive Matter into more noble Forms which by their Sympathetical Charms drew down the Specifick Forms of the most perfect Animals within the Second Sphere of Life For in every little Pit or Hollow of the Earth which being fill'd with Luxuriant and Prolifick Slime was kindl'd by the Vivifick Vertue of the Seminal Form a little bubble of Life which the Plastick power began to shape into the Form or Figure of an Animal And thus was the numerous Brood of Quadrupedes being Animals of the most perfect Kind first Conceiv'd in the warm and moist womb of Modified Matter nourish'd by sucking in the Luxuriant and Prolifick Slime which by their Vital Heat they digested and distributed into the several Parts and Members of their Bodies increasing of them by an equal assimulation of Parts and as soon as these young Embrio's had got strength they Crawl'd out of their warm Nests of Matter and began to suck in those Honey Dews and lick up that sweet Manna which laid upon the Grass and Herbs and this supply'd to them the want of Maternal Milk and Nourishment For during the time of these Productions God neither suffer'd it to Rain upon the Earth nor the Winds to blow lest this Infant Brood of Young Animals shou'd have been destroy'd before the Birds got Wing or â—he Beasts Foot and strength to defend themselves against a Storm but there went up only a Mist from the Earth which water'd the whole Face of the Ground And this Mist was only a warm and moist Smother which arose from the Earth as we observe it to rise from the Furrows in the Spring Months occasion'd by the Morning Sun-Beams and these Clouds which did Swim in the Air only serv'd for Umbrello's and Parasoli to screen those Infant Animals from being scorch'd by the Heat of the Sun and from drying up their Food and Nourishment The Earth being now Stock'd with the several Kinds of Animals contain'd under the Sensitive Genus they did Propagate their Kinds by Univocal Generation For which end Nature and Providence hath form'd several Vessels of Slime-Pits in every Female for preserving something Analogous to that Original Slime which was then the Passive Principle of Generation and likewise in every Male such Vessels as are most fit and commodious for preserving a Beam or Spark of the Aetherial Flame which being the material Vehicle wherein the Specifick Form is preserv'd kindles the first buble of Life in the Passive Matter And we observe that as soon as Age and Maturity hath fill'd these Seminal Vessels with this Prolifick Slime and digest'd it into a right Degree of Heat and Temperature the Females of every Kind or Species of Animals begin to Prune Dress and Trim themselves by which modest way of Courtship the Male is drawn and Charm'd to within their Sympathetical Spheres Thus the Evening and the Morning or the Sympathetical Union of the Active Form and Passive Matter made the Fifth Production CHAP. VII Of the Creation of Man the Sixth Production THE Earth being now cover'd with the great variety of Species contain'd under the Genus of Vegetation the Waters replenish'd with all Kinds of Fish the Mountains Plains and Valleys Stock'd with Herds and Flocks of all Kinds of Cattle God did once more Modifie the Passive Matter into a more noble and excellent Form not only capacitated to receivâ— the lower Degrees of the Animal Life but also fitted with Organs to entertain an Intellectual Soul which Moses â—ells us God Breath'd into it It being impossible for Matter tho' never so curiously Modifi'd by the Plastick Spirit of Nature and the joint Concurrence of the Coelestial Influences to draw down by the power of any Material Sympathy a Soul out of the Immaterial and Intellectual Spheres of Life to Animate and Enform it And this Noble Creature God call'd Man being made not only after his own Image Spiritual and Immortal but also after his Similitude viz Endow'd with all the Affections and Communicable Attributes of the Divine Nature by which he became capable not only of disclosing the Secret Mysteries of Nature and of diving into its Deep Philosophy but also of Knowing and Adoring his Creator by which Perogatives of his Birth and Noble Extraction he became Qualifi'd for being his Creator's Vicegerent upon Earth The Conclusion Wherein is shewn the meaning and significancy of these Words And God saw every thing that he had made and behold it was very good THat God who is Infinite in Goodness and all Perfections cannot be the Author or Producer of any thing but what is Good and Perfect in its Kind hath been always assum'd as a granted Principle not only by the best of Divines but even the generality of Pagan Philosophers Yet Moses notwithstanding this foreseeing that this excellent Frame of the World which was design'd on purpose to bring all reasonable Creatures to the Knowledge and Veneration of their Creator wou'd be perverted to contrary Ends and Effects and that the Production of all the Creatures might be ascrib'd wholly to Second Causes or to no Cause at all but to Chance and to the casual Motion of Mattâ—r for the prevention of which he here brings in the Almighty more Humano taking an exact View and Survey of the whole Creation both as to its Structure and Furniture and giving it his Divine Approbation in these words and he saw every thing that he had made and behold it was very good The Goodness of the Creatures do Principally consist in these Four Particulars In their Correspondency and Agreement with those Patterns and Ideas preconceiv'd in the Divine Understanding In their Fitness and
strikes down these fiery Globuli with greater force upon the Earth and Waters and consequently they rise higher and èlevate the Vapours with them So that the Atmosphere is higher or lower in several parts of the Earth as the Sun riseth higher or lower in the Meridian and its Beams are darted down in a more direct or oblique Line And as the lowness of our Northern Atmosphere causeth the Sterility and Barrenness of the Northern Mountains so the height of the Southern Atmosphere causeth those Mountains in the Aequinoctial and Southern Regions to be more Fertile and Productive CHAP. II. Of the â—fficient Causes of all Metors and first of Heat BY Heat is not to be understood the Element of Fire which Aristotle and his Followers conceited to be under the Concave of the Moon there being no such Element there but by Heat is meant that Internal Heat and Fermentation which is in the Body of the Earth and that Natural Fire which is originally and essentially in the Body of the Sun the Vehicle of External Heat which Streams out from every part of that Fiery Globe giving Heat Light and enlivening Vegetations to the whole Material World being within the Compass of its Fiery and Luminous Atmosphere These Streams of Heat and Light which is only the shadow of Heat being Darted through the Regions of the Air in Strait Lines and single Rayes are not perceivably Hot or Cold no more than the Light of a Candle without the Sphere of its Heat but being doubled by multiplyed Reflections and Reboundings from the solid Surface of the Earth does increase its Heat as the Reflections are multiplyed and rebounded which makes it hotter against a Wall than upon the plane Ground and in the Vallies than upon the Mountains We must therefore distinguish between those single Rayes of Heat which dart through the Air in instants which are neither perceivably hot or cold and the Heat upon the Superficies of the Earth which being contracted by an Artificial Glass is Râ—al Fire The Essential Qualities of Heat are Calefaction Elevation Rarefaction Liquefaction and Consolidation as it meets with Matter Predisposed to receive its Effects CHAP. III. Of Cold the other efficient Cause of Meteors BY Cold is not meant a bare privation of Heat as former Philosophers did conceit but a real Body of a Subtile Sublimated and Homogenous Nature and of a cold and frigid Quality It s proper place of Existence is between this Earths Atmosphere and the Atmosphere of the Moon which is our next Neighbouring Globe and by the rising and falling of this main Body of Cold are caused the several Changes and Alterations of the Weather with us The Cause of its Rising and Falling is the pressures of these two Atmospheres between which it is plac'd When the waterish Atmosphere of the Moon presseth it down it causeth Storms and Tempests here upon this Globe And when it Rises it causes the same in the Moon The Rising and Falling of this Main Body of Cold is sometimes also occasion'd by its Dilating and Contracting of it self Now as the Suns Beams are hotter in their Reflections upon the Earth than in the Sun it self so these Cold Rays which are darted from this Main Body of Cold being increas'd and multiply'd by Reflection from the Mountains and Rivers are much colder than the Main Body of Cold in its own Sphere These Reflected Globuli of Cold may be term'd the Lower or Ground-cold because in Summer it penetrates the Earth and in Winter it seldom rises higher than the Tops of the highest Mountains unless when it joins with the Main Body and then it causeth great Storms of Frost and Snow c. This Lower or Ground-cold is commonly the Rear-guard and Van-guard of the Sun always going before and following it and it s most perceivable in the Evening and Morning Twilights especially by Birds and Aerial Animals whose Bodies do so sympathize with the Air that they can more quickly perceive the Change of Weather especially the rising of a Storm or Rain or Snow than any of the Terrene Animals and this they commonly discover by their Flying high or low or Flocking together or sometimes by different Notes or Voices This occasion'd the Ancient Augurs to conceit them prophets c. The Essential Qualities and Effects of Cold in general are Frigefaction Congelation and sometimes Petreâ—action and when the lower Cold is Contracted either by Art or Proprio motu it Starves and Freezes as the Fire Burns and Scorcheth This lower Cold contracts and dilates it self as it meets with Opposition from the contrary Quality of Heat and Fire The Effects of the lower Cold when it enters the Earth By Antiperistasis it Fires Damps in Collieries Mines burning Mountains and Vulcano's When it lyes upon the Earth it causeth Dews and hoar Frosts it sucks out Damps and corrupted Air out of Under-ground Works c. CHAP. IV. Of the Air or Medium wherein all Meteors are Generated THE Air is a Vast Medium or Expansion fill'd with Rarify'd Vapours and Exhalations which like Water would Stagnate unless by a Daily addition of Rarify'd Vapours or Wind it were put into a Flux and Reflux as the Sea is the addition of Rivers continually flowing into it from all sides When the Air is Calm then are the Meteors Generated when by the Wind the Air is put into a violent Flux and Reflux they are Broken and Dispapear CHAP. V. Of Fiery Meteors c. THE Lower Cold which follows the Sun in the Evening Twilight continues its Operation for some Hours after its Beams are out of sight and no longer the middle of the Night being for the most part a Calm as well in Winter as Summer during which time of its Operation it causeth all those Fiery Meteors which the former Philosophers gave several Names to as falling Stars Rods Beams Ignes Fatui or Will with Wisp c. according as they differ'd in Matter Magnitude and manner of Appearance some Consisting of a hot and dry Exhalation others of an Exhalation mix'd with a Viscous and Unctious Matter a Third of a simple and unmix'd Exhalation All these are Generated in the Lower Regions of the Air the Matter of them being drawn up out of the Earth Waters and Bituminous Boggs and Mosses by the Sun's Influence upon them especially in the Spring Months For then the Subâ—erranean Heat draws out to communicate with its Main Body for as at this time all Animals renew their Hair clear their Blood from gross Humours so doth this great Animal the Earth purge her self of gross Humours by Mushrooms and other Pinguid Evaporations for then the Subâ—erranean Heat drawing out to communicate with the External Heat brings forth of the Earth these Mineral Spirits and Pinguid Perspirations in so plentiful a measure which being taken up into the Air are Condens'd into Clouds and fall down again upon the Earth in such Fertilizing Showers that the Psalmist tells us the Clouds at this Season
drops of Rain into Hail-Stones I have observ'd a Shower of Rain upon the Mountains the same a Shower of Hail upon the Skirts of the Mountains the same dissolved again into a Shower of Rain in the Vallies I have observ'd also a Shower of Hail at one end of the Town the same a Shower of Rain at the other end the contracted Body of Cold that caused the Hail being not a Quarter of a Mile in Circumference Of Snow When the Lower Cold riseth and the Upper Cold falleth and so straitens the Sphere of Rarefaction that the Wind blows thin as out of a contracted Mouth the Vapours are frozen in-Snow before they be condensed into a Cloud and the shower of Snow only at first covers the Tops of the Mountains but as soon as the Lower Cold riseth Mountain height and joyns with the Upper Cold the Snow falls down into the Vallies and covers the Earth OBSERVATIONS When the Wind has blown for some time S. E. or full S. or S. W. we must expect a great and general Rain for these Winds blowing from such Regions where the Atmosphere rises high bring over with them the greatest Quantity of Vapours which our Mountanous Country condenseth into Clouds which fall down in great and general Rains And this is the reason why those Countries where most of the Vapours rise have the least of Rain which want is supplied by great Dews which the Evening and Morning Cold condenseth upon the Ground For where the Atmosphere riseth high the Lower and Higher Cold never meet which is the cause of their want of Rain When the Wind blows N. or N. E. or full E. we have seldom Rain but great Flights of Snow For the Atmosphere in those Parts being very low especially in Winter and the Mouth of the Sphere of Rarefaction very strait the Wind that blows from these Quarters is so very thin and freezing that those few Vapours which are brought from those places for the most part fall down in Snow CHAP. XI Of Frost and Thaw c. FRost and Thaw are the Effects of quite diâ—ferent Causes the one being occasion'd by the Influence of Heat the other of Cold and these two contrary Qualities do not give ground one to another without great struggle and contest The first beginning of Freezing is at the Waters and this we call a Water Frost it s the Effect or Operation of the Morning Cold which drawing down to the Waters in the Morning Twilight and carrying the Vapours along with it leaves a Waterish Hoar Frost upon the Ground behind it These Vapours lie upon the Waters until Nine a Clock for by that time the Influence of Heat having warm'd the Waters forceth them to remove their Quarters first to the cold Tops of the Mountains and thence to the cooler Regions of the Air from whence they fall down in Showers of Rain about Twelve a Clock this Frost only gains the Waters Vallies and Plains The Second Morning the Cold doubles its Force and Glaceates the Waters congeals the Earth and riseth to the middle of the Mountains their Tops still continuing in the possession of Heat This degree of Cold is over-powered by the Influence of Heat about Two a Clock and falls down in Rain in the Evening Twilight The Third Morning the Cold trebles its force and gains the Tops of the Mountains And the Influence of Heat commonly recovers this lost Ground a little before the Sun set and in the Morning Twilight it falls down in a shower of Snow covering only the Tops of the Highest Mountains The Upper and Lower Cold being now united the Frost keeps its possession of the Earth and Waters sometimes for a Month or more together and in some Countries lying at a distance from the Sea the whole Winter Quarter the Wind all the time blowing Cold and Thin the Mouth of the Sphere of Rarefaction being straitned by the joyning of the Higher and Lower Cold. During the Time that the Earth and Waters continue in the possession of Frost and Snow the Subterranean Heat breaks out of the Springs and Mineral Feeders and joyning with the Heart of the Sun Regeâ—es the Spring-heads and part of the Rivers gaining them intirely into its possession But the general Frost continues until the Vapours rising from the Southern or Western Ocean recover the Wind into some of the Solar Quarters which opening the Sphere of Rarefaction the Wind blows warm and moist For as the same Breath from an open Mouth warms ones Fingers so from a contracted Mouth it will cool his Porridge The general Frost in the Northern Countries near the Pole and in Countries at a distance from the Sea seldom Regeles until the Subterranean Heat break forth and joyn with the Heat of the approaching Sun and then the Frost and Snow is dissolved in a very short time and the Spring comes on much sooner than in those Countries where the Regelation is more gradual Thus as a constant Intercourse of Day and Night gives the Active Animals liberty by Rest and Sleep to recover their wasted Strength and Spirits so an Annual return of Frost and Snow recovers and repairs the Strength and Spirits of the Earth which had been spent in the preceeding Summers Productions For in this Natural World all things are repair'd by corrupting preserv'd by perishing and reviv'd by dying As the Operation of Cold did gradually gain ground upon the Influence of Heat so by the same methods and degrees Heat recovers its lost ground the Fresh or Thaw beginning first at the Waters and from thence riseth up to the Plains and Vallies and last of all the Tops of the Mountains which are for sometime kept in the possession of Frost and Cold after the lower parts of the Earth be regeled are gained CHAP. XII Of the Sphere of Rarefaction THE Sphere of Rarefaction is a Sphere of Heat wherein the Suns Reflections meet and unite themselves in their own defence against the Upper and Lower Cold. And being placed in a middle between them it riseth or falleth openeth or closeth as it prevails upon them or as they open or close rise or fall This Sphere of Heat by Rarefying of Vapours and Exhalations causeth Wind. That Heat is the cause of Wind is apparent from the Experience of such People who to cause Wind usually set Chaff Seeds or Straw on Fire And when Houses or Towns are accidentally thus set on Fire the Heat of the Flame by Rarefying of the Vapours and Exhalations round about will raise the Wind to so great a height as will make it a matter of great difficulty to quench the Flame CHAP. XIII Of Wind Helms and Arches WInd is the Nitrous part of Vapour and Exhalation Rarified and Dilated by the Sphere of Rarefaction The Winds are either higher or lower as the Sphere of Rarefaction riseth or falleth they are thicker or thinner as it openeth or closeth they are Moist Hot or Dry as they have more or less of Vapour or
General Quarter Sessions of the Peace for the County of Surrey holden at Darking on Tuesday the Fifth day of April 1692 and in the Fourth Year of Their Majesties Reign By the Honourable Hugh Hare Esq One of Their Majesties Justices of the Peace for that County The Second Edition Corrected An Historical Relation of the Conspiracy of Iohn Lowis Count Deffieschi against the City of Genoua in the Year 1547. Written in Italian by Augustin Mascardi Gentleman of the Bed Chamber to Pope Urban the Eighth Done into English by the Honourable Hugh Hare Esq An Account of the Isle of Iersey the Gâ—eatest of the Islands that are now the only remainder of the English Doâ—inions in France with a New and Accurate Mapp of the said Island By Ph. Falle M. A. Rector of St. Saviour in the said Island and Chaplain in Ordinary to His Majesty Mr Falle's Sermon before the English Gâ—â—â—ison in Iersey April the 10th 1692. One Sermon at Whitehall Decemb. the 30th 1694. One Sermon before the Lord Mayor April the 21th 1695. A Discourse of Natural and Reveal'd Religion in several Essays By Mr. T. Nourse The Anatomy of 〈◊〉 Earth Dedicated to all Miners By Tho. Robinson Rector of Outby in Cumberland The History of the Campagne in Flanders for the Years 1692 1693 1694 and 1695. All Written by Edward â— Auergne M. A. Rector of St. Brelade in the Isle of Iersey and Chaplain to His Majesties Regiment of Scots Guards * Note that Steno proves the Earth to have been twice fluid twice plain and dry twice scabrous and craggy the first was at the original Chaos the second at the Flood This says he is manifest from some Beds of the higher Hills containing no Heterogeneous Bodies because form'd before there wâ—re any Animals or Plants or other mix'd Solids and so presâ—rv'd in their simple antediluvian Stâ—â—e by the Heighth of their Siâ—uation which might secure them against the Load of many adventitious or factitious Bâ—ds falling for the most part on the Vallies and low Places where they make up all the compound Strata which inâ—rust tâ—â— presâ—nt Earth and separate it from the primitive oâ—e whose Beds are more simple not stuffed up with such diâ—â—â—â—ent Bodies as make up the postdiluvian Strata or Sediments This agrees with what Mr. Whiston delivers in mâ—ny Places of his New Theory To which we may add that the simple antediluvian Beds on the high Mountains destitute of Heterogeneous Solids may be lâ—id open by the washings away of the incumbent Diluvian Sediments or compound Beds by the Torrents of Rains which carry down those Câ—usts and Bodies along with them Dr. â—urnetâ— inconsistences The Cause of this Globes Atmosphere Dr. Woodard's contradiction of himself â— Vse 2. Vse 3. Vse 4. Vse 5. Vse 1. Vse 2. Vse The cause of Hills 1. The Cause of different Soils and Natures of Vegetables 2. The different Qualities of the Air. 3. The occasion of Springâ— c. 4. Of the breaking out of Mâ—nes c. 5. Of the productâ—on of Trees c. The Cause of Mountainâ— 1. Vse Their Consistences 2. Vse Their Natural Uses 3. Vse 4. Vse 5. Vse 6. Vse 7. Vse The position of Mountains The Cause of Gills Dales and Vallieâ— The Ingredâ—ents of Coal Lesser Mountains The Cause of the Chanel of the Sea The Nature and Quality oâ— the Sea 〈…〉 〈…〉 The Cause of the Seas Gibbosity The Cause of the Flux The Cause of its Reflux The Cause of Spring-tides and Dead-tides The Cause of the Seas Fermenâ—ation The effectâ— and Uses of the Seas Fermentation The Cause of the Saltness of the Sea Itâ— Uses The proportion which the Subterranean Water bears to the Sea Of the greater Veins of the Earth c. To raise new Riverâ— upon dry Ground A Subterranean contest between Fire and Water A Concussion of the whole Globe A Concussion of half the Globe A Local Earthquake New Mountains and Pondâ— Of Hurricains and their Effects Dr. Woodwards notion of perpendicular Fissures is a mistake in observation Of Burning Mountains Vulcano's Her damps in Colleries Their Effects Violent Eruptions of Water Of water Damps An Air Damp. A sweet Daâ—â— The over-flowing of Nilus The over-flowing of the Gigleswick Spring The drumming Wâ—ll aâ— Bautâ—y Mineral Spirits Foul. Air. The meaning of these words the Fountains of the great Deep were broken up The Cause of the Aerial Damp and its Effects What is meant by the opening of the Windows of Heaven The meaning of the Wind which God caused to pass over the Earth and its effects What the Rain-bows appearing in the Clouds did signifie A Refutation of Dr. Woodward's Hypothesis c. The time when the Deluge commenced Dr. Woodwaâ—d'â— Hypothesiâ— concerning the effects of the Dâ—lâ—ge Refuted The Alterations which thâ— Deluge made upon the Eaâ—â—h The time when these alterations were made Gen. 4. Verse 22. Part the 4th Page 188. Fabius Columna Dr. Hook Steno Scylla Boccâ—â—e Raâ— and many others Gen. 2.6 First Secondly First Secondly Thirdly Secondly Thirdly Secondly Thirdly Fourthly Fourthly The Laws of Divine Impression The Laws of natural Instinct The Laws of external Sense