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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A45610 Aphorisms political by James Harrington. Harrington, James, 1611-1677. 1659 (1659) Wing H805; ESTC R335 8,287 21

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APHORISMS POLITICAL The Second Edition Enlarged BY James Harrington Obsequium amicos veritas odium parit LONDON Printed by J. C. for Henry Fletcher at the Sign of the three Gilt Cups in St. Pauls Church-yard 1659. APHORISMS Political I. THe Errours and Sufferings of the People are from their Governours II. When the Foundation of a Government cometh to be changed and the Governours change not the Superstructures accordingly the People become miserable III. The Monarchy of England was not a Government by Arms but a Government by Laws though imperfect or ineffectual Laws IV. The Later Governments in England have been Governments by Arms V. The People cannot see but they can feel VI The People having felt the difference between a Government by Laws and a Government by Arms will always desire the Government by Laws and abhor that of Arms VII Where the spirit of the people is impatient of a Government by Arms and desirous of a Government by Laws there the spirit of the people is not unfit to be trusted with their Liberty VIII The spirit of the people of England not trusted with their Liberty driveth at the Restitution of Monarchy by Blood and Violence IX The spirit of the people of England trusted with their Liberty if the form be sufficient can never set up a King and if the form be insufficient as a Parliament with a Council in the Intervals or two Assemblies co-ordinate will set up a King without Blood or Violence X. To light upon a good man may be in Chance but to be sure of an Assembly of good men is not in Prudence XI Where the Security is no more then Personal there may be a good Monarch but can be no good Commonwealth XII The necessary Action or Use of each thing is from the nature of the Form XIII Where the Security is in the Persons the Government maketh good men evil where the Security is in the Form the Government maketh evil men good XIV Assemblies legitimately elected by the People are that onely Party which can govern without an Army XV Not the Party which cannot govern without an Army but the Party which can govern without an Army is the Refined Party as to this intent and purpose truely Refined that is by Popular Election according to the Precept of Moses and the Rule of Scripture Take ye wise men and understanding and known among your tribes and I will make them rulers over you XVI The People are deceived by Names but not by Things XVII Where there is a well-ordered Commonwealth the people are generally satisfied XVIII Where the people are generally dissatisfied there is no Commonwealth XIX The parties in England declaring for a Commonwealth hold every one of them something that is inconsistent with a Commonwealth XX To hold that the Government may be managed by a few or by a party is inconsistent with a Commonwealth except in a Situation like that of Venice XXI To hold that there can be any National Religion or Ministry without publick Indowment and Inspection of the Magistracy or any Government without a National Religion or Ministry is inconsistent with a Commonwealth XXII To hold that there may be Liberty and not Liberty of Conscience is inconsistent with a Commonwealth that hath the Liberty of her own Conscience or that is not Popish XXIII Where Civil Liberty is entire it includes Liberty of Conscience XXIV Where Liberty of Conscience is entire it includes Civil Liberty XXV Either Liberty of Conscience can have no security at all or under Popular Government must have the greatest security XXVI To hold that a Government may be introduced by a little at once is to wave Prudence commit things unto Chance XXVII To hold that the Wisdom of God in the Formation of an House or of a Government goeth not universally upon natural principles is inconsistent with Scripture XXVIII To hold that the wisdom of man in the Formation of an House or of Government may go upon supernatural principles is inconsistent with a Commonwealth and as if one should say God ordained the Temple therefore it was not built by Masons He ordained the Snuffers therefore they were not made by a Smith XXIX To hold that Hirelings as they are termed by some or an endowed Ministry ought to be removed out of the Church is inconsistent with a Commonwealth XXX Nature is of God XXXI Some part in every Religion is natural XXXII An Universal Effect demonstrateth an universal Cause XXXIII An universal Cause is not so much natural as it is Nature it self XXXIV Every man either unto his Terrour or Consolation hath some sense of Religion XXXV Man may rather be defined a Religious then a Rational Creature in regard that in other creatures there may be something of Reason but is nothing of Religion XXXVI Government is of humane Prudence and humane Prudence is adequate unto Mans Nature XXXVII The Prudence or Government that is regardless of Religion is not adequate nor satisfactory unto Mans Nature XXXVIII Where the Government is not adequate or satisfactory unto Mans Nature it can never be quiet or perfect XXXIX The major part of mankinde giveth it self up in the matter of Religion unto the publick leading XL That there may be a publick leading there must be a National Religion XLI VVhere the minor part taketh away the National Religion there the major part is deprived of the Liberty of Conscience by the minor XLII VVhere the major part is deprived of the Liberty of Conscience by the minor there they will deprive the minor of that Liberty of Conscience which they might otherwise enjoy XLIII In Israel there was an endowed Clergie or Priesthood and a National Religion under Inspection of the Magistrate whence the Christians in Apostolick Times defraying their own Ministry could have Liberty of Conscience whereas if the Christians by going about to take away Tythes and abolish the National Religion had endeavoured to violate the Consciences of the unconverted Jews these being far greater in number must needs have taken away the Liberty of Conscience from the Christians XLIV Paul in Athens could freely and undisturbedly convert Dionysius and others therefore in Athens there was Liberty of Conscience but if Paul and his Converts had gone about to drive Hirelings or an endowed Priesthood or Clergie out of that Church who seeth not that the Athenians would have driven Paul and his Converts out of Athens XLV That there may be Liberty of Conscience there must be a National Religion XLVI That there may be a National Religion there must be an endowed Clergy XLVII Commonwealths have had their wayes of Union As the Athenians by bringing their Confederates unto Subjection As the United Provinces by an equal League Or as the Romans by an unequal League The first way is tyrannical In the second one Commonwealth under the League is no more then another and each one as to her self hath a Negative which kinde of Union is not onely obstructive