Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	effect_n	good_a	reason_n	2,537	5	5.2979	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A32827	A discourse about trade wherein the reduction of interest in money to 4 l. per centum, is recommended : methods for the employment and maintenance of the poor are proposed : several weighty points relating to companies of merchants, the act of navigation, naturalization of strangers, our woollen manufactures, the ballance of trade, and the nature of plantations, and their consequences in relation to the kingdom are seriously discussed : and some arguments for erecting a court of merchants for determining controversies, relating to maritime affairs, and for a law for transferrance of bills of debts, are humbly offered.	Child, Josiah, Sir, 1630-1699.; Culpeper, Thomas, Sir, 1578-1662. Small treatise against usury.	1690 (1690)	Wing C3853; ESTC R8738	119,342	350

yet_o retain_v a_o sufficient_a number_n to_o defend_v the_o kingdom_n and_o cultivate_v our_o land_n at_o home_n i_o answer_v first_o the_o bigness_n of_o army_n be_v not_o always_o a_o certain_a indication_n of_o the_o numerousness_n of_o a_o nation_n but_o sometime_o rather_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o government_n and_o distrubation_n of_o the_o land_n as_o for_o instance_n where_o the_o prince_n and_o lord_n be_v owner_n of_o the_o whole_a territory_n although_o the_o people_n be_v thin_a the_o army_n upon_o occasion_n may_v be_v very_o great_a as_o in_o east-india_n turkey_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o fez_n and_o morocco_n where_o taffelet_n be_v late_o say_v to_o have_v a_o army_n of_o one_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o or_o two_o hundred_o thousand_o man_n although_o every_o body_n know_v that_o country_n have_v as_o great_a a_o scarcety_n of_o people_n as_o any_o in_o the_o world_n but_o since_o freeholders_n be_v so_o much_o increase_v in_o england_n &_o the_o servile_a tenor_n alter_v doubtless_o it_o be_v more_o difficult_a as_o well_o as_o more_o chargeable_a to_o draw_v great_a number_n of_o man_n into_o foreign_a war_n 2._o since_o the_o introduction_n of_o the_o new_a artillery_n of_o powder_n shoot_v and_o fire-arm_n in_o the_o world_n all_o war_n be_v become_v as_o much_o rather_o a_o expense_n of_o money_n as_o man_n and_o success_n attend_v those_o that_o can_v most_o &_o long_a spend_v money_n rather_o than_o man_n and_o consequent_o prince_n army_n in_o europe_n be_v become_v more_o proportionable_a to_o their_o purse_n then_o to_o the_o number_n of_o their_o people_n vi_o that_o all_o colony_n and_o foreign_a plantation_n do_v endamage_v their_o mother-kingdom_n whereof_o the_o trade_n of_o such_o plantation_n be_v no●_n confine_v to_o their_o say_a mother_n kingdom_n by_o good_a law_n and_o severe_a execution_n of_o those_o law_n 1._o the_o practice_n of_o all_o the_o government_n of_o europe_n witness_n to_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o proposition_n the_o dane_n keep_v the_o trade_n of_o izland_n to_o themselves_o the_o dutch_a surrenham_n and_o all_o their_o settlement_n in_o east-india_n the_o french_a st_n christopher_n and_o their_o other_o plantation_n in_o the_o west-indies_n the_o portugeeze_n brazil_n and_o all_o the_o coast_n thereof_o the_o spaniard_n all_o their_o vast_a terriories_fw-la upon_o the_o main_a in_o the_o west_n indies_n and_o many_o island_n there_o and_o our_o own_o law_n seem_v to_o design_n the_o like_a as_o to_o all_o our_o plantation_n in_o new-england_n virginia_n barbadoes_n etc._n etc._n although_o we_o have_v not_o yet_o arrive_v to_o a_o complete_a and_o effectual_a execution_n of_o those_o law_n 2._o plantation_n be_v at_o first_o furnish_v and_o afterward_o successive_o supply_v with_o people_n from_o their_o mother_n kingdom_n and_o people_n be_v riches_n that_o loss_n of_o people_n to_o the_o mother_n kingdom_n be_v it_o more_o or_o less_o be_v certain_o a_o damage_n except_o the_o employment_n of_o those_o people_n abroad_o do_v cause_n the_o employment_n of_o so_o many_o more_o at_o home_n in_o their_o mother_n kingdom_n and_o that_o can_v never_o be_v except_o the_o trade_n be_v restrain_v to_o their_o mother_n kingdom_n which_o will_v not_o be_v doubt_v by_o any_o that_o understand_v the_o next_o proposition_n viz._n vii_o that_o the_o dutch_a will_v reap_v the_o great_a advantage_n by_o all_o colony_n issue_v from_o any_o kingdom_n in_o europe_n whereof_o the_o trade_n be_v not_o so_o strict_o confine_v to_o their_o proper_a mother_n kingdom_n this_o proposition_n will_v ready_o be_v assent_v unto_o by_o any_o that_o understand_v the_o nature_n of_o low_a interest_n and_o low_a custom_n where_o the_o market_n be_v free_a they_o shall_v be_v sure_a to_o have_v the_o trade_n that_o can_v sell_v the_o best_a pennyworth_n that_o buy_v dear_a and_o sell_v cheap_a which_o national_o speak_v none_o can_v do_v but_o those_o that_o money_n at_o the_o low_a rate_n of_o interest_n and_o pay_v the_o least_o custom_n which_o be_v the_o dutch_a and_o this_o be_v the_o true_a cause_n why_o before_o the_o act_n of_o navigation_n there_o go_v ten_o dutch_a ship_n to_o barbadoes_n for_o one_o english_a viii_o that_o the_o dutch_a though_o they_o thrive_v so_o exceed_o in_o trade_n will_v in_o probability_n never_o endamage_v this_o kingdom_n by_o the_o growth_n of_o their_o plantation_n 1._o in_o fact_n the_o dutch_a never_o do_v much_o thrive_v in_o plant_v for_o i_o do_v remember_v they_o have_v about_o twenty_o year_n past_a tabago_n a_o most_o fruitful_a island_n in_o the_o west-indies_n apt_a for_o the_o production_n of_o sugar_n and_o all_o other_o commodity_n that_o be_v propagate_v in_o barbadoes_n and_o as_o i_o have_v hear_v planter_n affirm_v better_o accommodate_v with_o river_n for_o water-mill_n which_o be_v of_o great_a use_n for_o grind_v of_o the_o cane_n this_o island_n be_v still_o in_o their_o possession_n and_o corasoa_n and_o some_o other_o and_o about_o sixteen_o or_o seventeen_o year_n past_a they_o be_v so_o eager_a upon_o the_o improvement_n of_o it_o that_o beside_o what_o they_o do_v in_o holland_n they_o set_v up_o bill_n upon_o the_o exchange_n in_o london_n proffer_v great_a privilege_n to_o any_o that_o will_v transport_v themselves_o thither_o notwithstanding_o all_o which_o to_o this_o day_n that_o island_n be_v not_o the_o ten_o part_n so_o well_o improve_v as_o jamaica_n have_v be_v by_o the_o english_a within_o these_o five_o year_n neither_o have_v the_o dutch_a at_o any_o other_o time_n or_o in_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n make_v any_o improvement_n by_o plant_v what_o they_o do_v in_o the_o east-indies_n be_v only_o by_o war_n trade_n and_o building_n of_o fortify_v town_n and_o castle_n upon_o the_o seacoast_n to_o secure_v the_o sole_a commerce_n of_o the_o place_n and_o with_o the_o people_n which_o they_o conquer_v not_o by_o clear_v break_v up_o of_o the_o ground_n and_o plant_v as_o the_o english_a have_v do_v this_o i_o take_v to_o be_v a_o strong_a argument_n of_o fact_n to_o my_o present_a purpose_n 2._o the_o second_o argument_n to_o prove_v this_o proposition_n be_v from_o reason_n i_o have_v beforementioned_a the_o several_a accident_n and_o method_n by_o which_o our_o foreign_a plantation_n have_v from_o time_n to_o time_n come_v to_o be_v people_v and_o emprove_v now_o the_o dutch_a be_v void_a of_o those_o accident_n be_v destitute_a of_o the_o occasion_n to_o emprove_v foreign_a plantation_n by_o dige_v and_o delve_v as_o the_o english_a have_v do_v for_o 1_o st_o in_o holland_n their_o interest_n and_o custom_n be_v low_a together_o with_o their_o other_o encouragement_n to_o trade_n mention_v in_o the_o former_a part_n of_o this_o treatise_n give_v employment_n to_o all_o their_o people_n bear_v and_o breed_v among_o they_o and_o also_o to_o multitude_n of_o foreigner_n 2._o their_o give_a liberty_n or_o at_o least_o connivance_n to_o all_o religion_n as_o well_o jew_n and_o roman-catholic_n or_o sectary_n give_v security_n to_o all_o their_o inhabitant_n at_o home_n and_o expel_v none_o nor_o put_v a_o necessity_n upon_o any_o to_o banish_v themselves_o upon_o that_o account_n 3._o their_o careful_a and_o wonderful_a provide_v for_o and_o employ_v their_o poor_a at_o home_n put_v all_o their_o people_n utter_o out_o of_o danger_n of_o starve_v or_o necessity_n of_o steal_v and_o consequent_o out_o of_o fear_n of_o hang_v i_o may_v add_v to_o this_o that_o they_o have_v not_o for_o a_o long_a time_n have_v any_o civil_a war_n among_o they_o and_o from_o the_o whole_a conclude_v that_o the_o dutch_a as_o they_o do_v never_o so_o they_o never_o can_v or_o will_v thrive_v by_o plant_v and_o that_o our_o english_a plantation_n abroad_o be_v a_o good_a effect_n proceed_v from_o many_o evil_a cause_n ix_o that_o neither_o the_o french_a spaniard_n or_o portugeeze_n be_v much_o to_o be_v fear_v on_o the_o account_n of_o plant_v not_o for_o the_o same_o but_o for_o other_o reason_n that_o the_o french_a have_v have_v foot_v in_o the_o west-indies_n almost_o as_o long_a as_o the_o english_a be_v certain_a and_o that_o they_o have_v make_v no_o considerable_a progress_n in_o plant_v be_v as_o certain_a and_o find_v it_o so_o in_o fact_n i_o have_v be_v often_o exercise_v my_o thought_n about_o enquiry_n into_o the_o reason_n thereof_o which_o i_o attribute_v especial_o to_o two_o first_o because_o france_n be_v a_o absolute_a government_n have_v not_o until_o very_o late_o give_v any_o countenance_n or_o encouragement_n to_o navigation_n and_o trade_n second_o and_o principal_o because_o the_o french_a settlement_n in_o the_o west-indies_n have_v not_o be_v upon_o freeholders_n as_o the_o english_a be_v but_o in_o subjection_n to_o the_o french_a west-india_n company_n which_o company_n be_v under_o the_o french_a king_n as_o lord_z proprietor_n of_o the_o place_n they_o settle_v

as_o it_o be_v call_v as_o in_o former_a day_n when_o our_o great_a expense_n be_v upon_o our_o belly_n the_o most_o destructive_a consumption_n that_o can_v happen_v to_o a_o nation_n and_o tend_v only_o to_o nourish_v idleness_n luxury_n and_o beggary_n whereas_o that_o other_o kind_n of_o expense_n which_o follow_v trade_n encourage_v labour_n art_n and_o invention_n to_o which_o give_v i_o leave_v to_o add_v that_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n conjoynt_v with_o excise_n upon_o our_o home_n consumption_n if_o the_o late_a can_v be_v hit_v upon_o without_o disturbance_n to_o trade_n or_o danger_n of_o continuation_n be_v two_o of_o the_o most_o comprehensive_a and_o effectual_a sumptuary_n law_n that_o ever_o be_v establish_v in_o any_o nation_n and_o most_o necessitating_a and_o engage_v any_o people_n to_o thriftiness_n the_o high_a road_n to_o riches_n as_o well_o for_o nation_n as_o private_a family_n the_o frugal_a italian_n of_o old_a and_o the_o provident_a dutch_a of_o latter_a time_n i_o think_v have_v give_v the_o world_n a_o sufficient_a proof_n of_o this_o theorim_n and_o if_o any_o shall_v tell_v i_o it_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o those_o people_n to_o be_v thrifty_a i_o answer_v all_o man_n by_o nature_n be_v alike_o it_o be_v only_a law_n custom_n and_o education_n that_o differ_v man_n their_o nature_n and_o disposition_n and_o the_o disposition_n of_o all_o people_n in_o the_o world_n proceed_v from_o their_o law_n the_o french_a peasantry_n be_v a_o slavish_a cowardly_a people_n because_o the_o law_n of_o their_o country_n have_v make_v they_o slave_n the_o french_a gentry_n a_o noble_a valiant_a people_n because_o free_a by_o law_n birth_n and_o education_n in_o england_n we_o be_v all_o free_a subject_n by_o our_o law_n and_o therefore_o our_o people_n prove_v general_o courageous_a the_o dutch_a and_o italian_n be_v both_o frugal_a nation_n though_o their_o climate_n and_o government_n differ_v as_o much_o as_o any_o because_o the_o law_n of_o both_o nation_n incline_v they_o to_o thriftiness_n other_o nation_n i_o can_v name_v be_v general_o vain_a &_o prodigal_a not_o by_o nature_n nor_o for_o want_v of_o a_o good_a country_n but_o because_o their_o law_n etc._n etc._n dispose_v they_o so_o to_o be_v the_o six_o proof_n of_o the_o proposition_n be_v that_o it_o employ_v the_o poor_a which_o be_v a_o ne-necessary_a consequence_n likewise_o of_o the_o increase_n of_o trade_n in_o city_n and_o improvement_n of_o land_n in_o the_o country_n which_o be_v well_o and_o true_o demonstrate_v from_o experience_n by_o the_o elder_a and_o young_a sir_n thomas_n culpepper_n to_o who_o to_o avoid_v prolixity_n i_o must_v refer_v the_o reader_n seven_o it_o increase_v the_o people_n of_o a_o nation_n this_o also_o necessary_o follow_v the_o increase_n of_o trade_n and_o improvement_n of_o land_n not_o that_o it_o cause_v marry_v man_n to_o get_v more_o child_n but_o 1_o st_o a_o trade_a country_n afford_v comfortable_a subsistance_n to_o more_o family_n than_o a_o country_n destitute_a of_o trade_n be_v the_o reason_n that_o many_o do_v marry_v who_o otherwise_o must_v be_v force_v to_o live_v single_a which_o may_v be_v one_o reason_n why_o few_o people_n of_o either_o sex_n be_v to_o be_v see_v unmarried_a in_o holland_n at_o 25_o year_n of_o age_n then_o may_v be_v find_v in_o england_n at_o 40_o year_n old_a 2_o dly_z where_o there_o be_v much_o employment_n and_o good_a pay_n if_o we_o want_v hand_n of_o our_o own_o we_o shall_v draw_v they_o from_o other_o as_o have_v be_v say_v 3_o dly_z we_o shall_v keep_v our_o own_o people_n at_o home_n which_o otherwise_o for_o want_n of_o employment_n will_v be_v force_v to_o leave_v we_o and_o serve_v other_o nation_n as_o too_o many_o of_o our_o seaman_n shipwrights_a and_o other_o have_v do_v 4_o thly_a our_o land_n and_o trade_n be_v improve_v will_v render_v we_o capable_a not_o only_o of_o employ_v but_o feed_v a_o far_o great_a number_n of_o people_n as_o be_v manifest_a in_o that_o instance_n of_o the_o land_n of_o palestine_n and_o if_o these_o will_v be_v the_o effect_n of_o abate_v interest_n than_o i_o think_v it_o be_v out_o of_o doubt_n that_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o riches_n of_o any_o kingdom_n for_o quicquid_fw-la efficit_fw-la tale_n est_fw-la magis_fw-la tale_n now_o to_o answer_v his_o four_o recite_v reason_n viz._n first_o he_o say_v if_o a_o low_a state_v interest_n by_o law_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o riches_n no_o country_n will_v be_v poor_a all_o desire_a riches_n rather_o than_o poverty_n and_o all_o have_v it_o in_o their_o power_n to_o state_n their_o interest_n as_o low_a as_o they_o please_v by_o law_n i_o answer_v first_o whatever_o nation_n do_v it_o gradual_o for_o so_o it_o must_v be_v do_v as_o it_o have_v be_v hitherto_o in_o england_n 2_o per_fw-la cent_z being_n enough_o to_o abate_v at_o one_o time_n will_v find_v those_o effect_n i_o have_v mention_v but_o it_o be_v a_o work_n of_o age_n and_o can_v be_v do_v at_o once_o for_o nec_fw-la natura_fw-la aut_fw-la lex_fw-la operantur_fw-la per_fw-la saltum_fw-la second_o it_o be_v great_a imprudence_n to_o imagine_v that_o any_o country_n understand_v their_o true_a interest_n so_o well_o as_o by_o degree_n to_o abate_v use-money_n will_v not_o likewise_o by_o the_o same_o wisdom_n be_v lead_v to_o the_o institute_n of_o many_o other_o good_a law_n for_o the_o encouragement_n of_o trade_n as_o our_o parliament_n have_v still_o proceed_v to_o do_v as_o interest_n have_v be_v abate_v his_o second_o reason_n be_v that_o if_o the_o lowness_n of_o interest_n be_v not_o the_o effect_n of_o riches_n in_o holland_n they_o may_v take_v as_o much_o vse-money_n as_o they_o can_v get_v there_o be_v no_o law_n against_o it_o i_o answer_v there_o be_v former_o law_n in_o holland_n that_o reduce_v interest_n to_o 8_o and_o 6_o and_o afterward_o to_o 5_o per_fw-mi cent_z anno_fw-la 1640._o and_o since_o in_o the_o year_n 1655._o to_o 4_o per_fw-mi cent_z the_o placart_n for_o which_o i_o have_v see_v and_o have_v be_v tell_v and_o do_v believe_v they_o have_v since_o reduce_v it_o by_o placart_n to_o 3_o per_fw-la cent_z as_o to_o their_o cantor_n and_o all_o public_a receipt_n which_o in_o holland_n be_v as_o much_o in_o effect_n as_o if_o they_o have_v make_v a_o general_a law_n for_o it_o because_o the_o most_o of_o their_o receipt_n and_o payment_n be_v make_v in_o and_o out_o of_o the_o aforesaid_a public_a office_n or_o else_o into_o and_o out_o of_o their_o bank_n for_o which_o no_o use-money_n be_v allow_v which_o several_a gradual_a and_o successful_a abatement_n of_o interest_n do_v occasion_v their_o riches_n at_o first_o and_o bring_v their_o people_n to_o that_o consistency_n of_o wealth_n that_o they_o have_v since_o wrought_v themselves_o into_o such_o a_o abundance_n that_o there_o be_v more_o lender_n now_o than_a borrower_n and_o so_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o it_o will_v be_v with_o we_o in_o a_o few_o year_n after_o the_o next_o abatement_n of_o interest_n be_v make_v by_o law_n which_o i_o have_v good_a reason_n to_o conclude_v not_o only_o from_o the_o visible_a operation_n of_o nature_n in_o all_o other_o thing_n and_o place_n but_o from_o fact_n and_o experience_n in_o this_o very_a case_n be_v certain_a that_o the_o goldsmith_n in_o london_n can_v have_v what_o money_n they_o will_v upon_o their_o servant_n note_n only_o at_o 4_o l._n and_o 4_o l._n 10_o s._n per_fw-la cent_z before_o the_o late_a emergency_n of_o state_n which_o i_o can_v demonstrate_v have_v very_o much_o obstruct_v the_o natural_a fall_n of_o interest_n with_o we_o something_o more_o i_o have_v say_v in_o answer_n to_o this_o in_o the_o addition_n to_o my_o former_a treatise_n and_o this_o may_v serve_v likewise_o for_o a_o answer_n to_o his_o three_o reason_n four_o he_o say_v that_o which_o i_o must_v prove_v to_o make_v good_a my_o assertion_n be_v that_o any_o country_n in_o the_o world_n from_o a_o poor_a and_o low_a condition_n while_o interest_n be_v at_o 6_o per_fw-mi cent_z be_v make_v rich_a by_o bring_v it_o to_o 4_o per_fw-mi cent_z or_o 3_o per_fw-la cent_z by_o a_o law_n i_o answer_v if_o the_o instance_n of_o holland_n and_o italy_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o satisfy_v he_o in_o this_o point_n yet_o that_o have_v prove_v which_o he_o can_v deny_v that_o our_o own_o kingdom_n have_v be_v enrich_v consequent_o constant_o and_o proportionable_o to_o and_o after_o our_o several_a abatement_n of_o interest_n by_o law_n from_o a_o unlimited_a rate_n to_o 10_o from_z 10_o to_z ●_o and_z from_z 8_o to_z 6_o per_fw-mi cent_z i_o think_v it_o may_v rational_o be_v conclude_v that_o another_o abatement_n of_o interest_n in_o england_n will_v cause_v a_o further_a increase_n of_o

a_o knavish_a design_n of_o the_o citizen_n to_o advance_v themselves_o who_o be_v too_o proud_a already_o and_o that_o if_o it_o go_v forward_o it_o will_v undo_v all_o the_o country_n gentleman_n in_o england_n and_o if_o one_o speak_v with_o the_o city_n usurer_n they_o will_v be_v as_o ready_a to_o affirm_v that_o this_o be_v a_o plot_n carry_v on_o only_o by_o nobleman_n and_o gentleman_n who_o estate_n be_v all_o in_o land_n for_o their_o own_o advantage_n and_o that_o it_o will_v spoil_v all_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v a_o project_n at_o one_o instant_a to_o take_v off_o just_a one_o three_o of_o all_o man_n estate_n that_o be_v personal_a and_o add_v the_o same_o proportion_n to_o all_o such_o who_o estate_n be_v real_a which_o in_o effect_n be_v to_o impoverish_v all_o the_o young_a and_o enrich_v all_o elder_a brother_n in_o england_n so_o that_o out_o of_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o great_a and_o wise_a adversary_n to_o this_o principle_n it_o may_v be_v just_o conclude_v that_o though_o single_o they_o deny_v the_o truth_n of_o it_o yet_o joint_o they_o confess_v it_o to_o conclude_v there_o be_v nothing_o that_o i_o have_v say_v or_o that_o i_o think_v any_o other_o can_v say_v upon_o this_o occasion_n but_o be_v say_v in_o substance_n before_o by_o old_a sir_n thomas_n culpepper_n though_o unknown_a to_o i_o who_o have_v a_o ampel_v and_o clear_a sight_n into_o the_o whole_a nature_n of_o this_o principle_n and_o the_o true_a effect_n and_o consequence_n of_o it_o truth_n be_v always_o the_o same_o though_o illustration_n may_v vary_v nor_o can_v any_o thing_n now_o be_v object_v against_o the_o make_n a_o law_n for_o a_o further_a abatement_n of_o interest_n but_o the_o same_o that_o be_v object_v in_o those_o time_n wherein_o the_o former_a statute_n pass_v so_o that_o why_o my_o opposer_n shall_v cavil_v at_o the_o do_v of_o that_o by_o a_o law_n in_o england_n now_o which_o he_o seem_v to_o ●ike_v well_o if_o it_o can_v be_v do_v i_o 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except_o by_o way_n of_o emulation_n they_o quicken_v we_o to_o provide_v in_o time_n for_o our_o own_o good_a and_o prosperity_n i_o have_v now_o do_v with_o this_o controversy_n and_o therein_o discharge_v my_o duty_n to_o my_o native_a country_n and_o though_o ignorance_n malice_n or_o private_a interest_n may_v yet_o for_o some_o time_n oppose_v it_o i_o be_o confident_a the_o wisdom_n of_o my_o countryman_n will_v at_o length_n find_v their_o true_a and_o general_a interest_n in_o the_o establishment_n of_o such_o a_o law_n which_o as_o to_o my_o own_o particular_a concernment_n signify_v not_o two_o farthing_n whether_o they_o do_v or_o not_o chap._n ii_o concern_v the_o relief_n and_o employment_n of_o the_o poor_a this_o be_v a_o calm_a subject_n and_o thwart_v no_o common_a or_o private_a interest_n among_o we_o except_o that_o of_o the_o common_a enemy_n of_o mankind_n the_o devil_n so_o i_o hope_v that_o what_o shall_v be_v offer_v towards_o the_o effect_n of_o so_o universal_o acceptable_a a_o work_n as_o this_o and_o the_o removal_n of_o the_o innumerable_a inconvenience_n that_o do_v now_o and_o have_v in_o all_o age_n attend_v this_o kingdom_n through_o defect_n of_o such_o provision_n for_o the_o poor_a will_v not_o be_v ill_o take_v although_o the_o plaster_n at_o first_o essay_n do_v not_o exact_o fit_v the_o sore_a in_o the_o discourse_n of_o this_o subject_n i_o shall_v first_o assert_v some_o particular_n which_o i_o think_v ar●●greed_v by_o common_a consent_n and_o from_o thence_o take_v occasion_n to_o proceed_v to_o what_o be_v more_o doubtful_a 1._o that_o our_o poor_a in_o england_n have_v always_o be_v in_o a_o most_o sad_a and_o wretched_a condition_n some_o famish_v for_o want_n of_o bread_n other_o starve_v with_o cold_a and_o nakedness_n and_o many_o whole_a family_n in_o all_o the_o out_o part_n of_o city_n and_o great_a town_n common_o remain_v in_o a_o languish_a nasty_a and_o useless_a condition_n uncomfortable_a to_o themselves_o and_o unprofitable_a to_o the_o kingdom_n this_o be_v confess_v and_o lament_v by_o all_o men._n 2._o that_o the_o child_n of_o our_o poor_a breed_v up_o in_o beggary_n and_o laziness_n do_v by_o that_o mean_n become_v not_o only_o of_o unhealthy_a body_n and_o more_o than_o ordinary_o subject_a to_o many_o loathsome_a disease_n whereof_o very_a many_o die_n in_o their_o tender_a age_n and_o if_o any_o of_o they_o do_v arrive_v to_o year_n and_o strength_n they_o be_v by_o their_o idle_a habit_n contract_v in_o their_o youth_n render_v for_o ever_o after_o indispose_v to_o labour_n and_o serve_v only_o to_o stock_n the_o kingdom_n with_o thief_n and_o beggar_n 3._o that_o if_o all_o our_o impotent_a poor_a be_v provide_v for_o and_o those_o of_o both_o sex_n and_o all_o age_n that_o can_v do_v work_n of_o any_o kind_n employ_v it_o will_v redound_v some_o hundred_o of_o thousand_o of_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la to_o the_o public_a advantage_n 4._o that_o it_o be_v our_o duty_n to_o god_n and_o nature_n so_o to_o provide_v for_o and_o employ_v the_o poor_a 5._o that_o by_o so_o do_v one_o of_o the_o great_a sin_n for_o which_o this_o land_n ought_v to_o mourn_v will_v be_v remove_v 6._o that_o our_o forefather_n have_v pious_a intention_n towards_o this_o good_a work_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o many_o statute_n make_v by_o they_o to_o this_o purpose_n 7._o that_o there_o be_v place_n in_o the_o world_n wherein_o the_o poor_a be_v so_o provide_v for_o and_o employ_v as_o in_o holland_n hambrough_n new-england_n and_o other_o and_o as_o i_o be_o inform_v now_o in_o the_o city_n of_o paris_n thus_o far_o we_o all_o agree_v the_o first_o question_n then_o that_o natural_o occur_v be_v question_v how_o come_v it_o to_o pass_v that_o in_o england_n we_o do_v not_o nor_o ever_o do_v comfortable_o maintain_v and_o employ_v our_o poor_a the_o common_a answer_n to_o this_o question_n be_v two_o 1._o that_o our_o law_n to_o this_o purpose_n be_v as_o good_a as_o any_o in_o the_o world_n but_o we_o fail_v in_o the_o execution_n 2._o that_o former_o in_o the_o day_n of_o our_o pious_a ancestor_n the_o work_n be_v do_v but_o now_o charity_n be_v decease_v and_o that_o be_v the_o reason_n we_o see_v the_o poor_a so_o neglect_v as_o now_o they_o be_v in_o both_o which_o answer_v i_o humble_o conceive_v the_o effect_n be_v mistake_v for_o the_o cause_n for_o though_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o there_o have_v be_v and_o be_v a_o great_a failure_n in_o the_o execution_n of_o those_o statute_n which_o relate_v to_o the_o poor_a yet_o i_o say_v the_o cause_n of_o that_o failure_n have_v be_v occasion_v by_o defect_n of_o the_o law_n themselves_o for_o otherwise_o what_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o in_o our_o late_a time_n of_o confusion_n and_o alteration_n wherein_o almost_o every_o party_n in_o the_o nation_n at_o one_o time_n or_o other_o take_v their_o turn_n at_o the_o helm_n and_o all_o have_v that_o compass_n those_o law_n to_o steer_v by_o and_o yet_o none_o of_o they_o can_v or_o ever_o do_v conduct_v the_o poor_a into_o a_o harbour_n of_o security_n to_o they_o and_o profit_n to_o the_o kingdom_n i._n e._n none_o sufficient_o maintain_v the_o impotent_a and_o employ_v the_o indigent_a among_o we_o and_o if_o this_o be_v never_o do_v in_o any_o age_n nor_o by_o any_o sort_n of_o man_n whatsoever_o in_o this_o kingdom_n who_o have_v the_o use_n of_o those_o law_n now_o in_o force_n it_o seem_v to_o i_o a_o very_a strong_a argument_n that_o it_o never_o can_v nor_o ever_o will_v be_v do_v by_o those_o law_n and_o that_o consequent_o the_o defect_n lie_v in_o the_o law_n themselves_o not_o in_o the_o man_n i._n e._n those_o that_o shall_v put_v they_o in_o execution_n as_o to_o the_o second_o

above_o one_o thousand_o pound_n sometime_o not_o two_o hundred_o to_o begin_v the_o world_n with_o instead_o i_o say_v of_o such_o young_a man_n and_o small_a stock_n if_o this_o law_n pass_v we_o shall_v bring_v forth_o out_o sampson_n and_o goliahs_n in_o stock_n subtlety_n and_o experience_n in_o trade_n to_o cope_v with_o our_o potent_a adversary_n on_o the_o other_o side_n there_o be_v to_o every_o man_n knowledge_n that_o understand_v the_o exchange_n of_o london_n divers_a english_a merchant_n of_o large_a estate_n which_o have_v not_o much_o past_a their_o middle-age_n and_o yet_o have_v whole_o leave_v off_o their_o trade_n have_v find_v the_o sweetness_n of_o interest_n which_o if_o that_o shall_v abate_v must_v again_o set_v their_o hand_n to_o the_o plough_n which_o they_o be_v as_o able_a to_o hold_v and_o govern_v now_o as_o ever_o and_o also_o will_v engage_v they_o to_o train_v up_o their_o son_n in_o the_o same_o way_n because_o it_o will_v not_o be_v so_o easy_a to_o make_v they_o country-gentleman_n as_o now_o it_o be_v when_o land_n sell_v at_o thirty_o or_o forty_o year_n purchase_n for_o the_o sufferer_n by_o such_o a_o law_n i_o know_v none_o but_o idle_a person_n that_o live_v at_o as_o little_a expense_n as_o labour_n neither_o scatter_v by_o their_o expense_n so_o as_o the_o poor_a may_v glean_v any_o thing_n after_o they_o nor_o work_v with_o their_o hand_n or_o head_n to_o bring_v either_o wax_n or_o honey_n to_o the_o common_a hive_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o swell_v their_o own_o purse_n by_o the_o sweat_n of_o other_o man_n brow_n and_o the_o contrivance_n of_o other_o man_n brain_n and_o how_o unprofitable_a it_o be_v for_o any_o nation_n to_o suffer_v idleness_n to_o suck_v the_o breast_n of_o industry_n needs_o no_o demonstration_n and_o if_o it_o be_v grant_v i_o that_o these_o will_v be_v the_o effect_n of_o a_o abatement_n of_o interest_n than_o i_o think_v it_o be_v out_o of_o doubt_n that_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n do_v tend_v to_o the_o enrich_v of_o a_o nation_n and_o consequent_o have_v be_v one_o great_a cause_n of_o the_o riches_n of_o the_o dutch_a and_o italian_n and_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o riches_n of_o our_o own_o kingdom_n in_o these_o last_o fifty_o year_n another_o argument_n to_o prove_v which_o we_o may_v draw_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o interest_n itself_o which_o be_v of_o so_o prodigious_a a_o multiply_v nature_n that_o it_o must_v of_o necessity_n make_v the_o lender_n monstrous_a rich_a if_o they_o live_v at_o any_o moderate_a expense_n and_o the_o borrower_n extreme_a poor_a a_o memorial_n instance_n whereof_o we_o have_v in_o old_a audley_n decease_v who_o do_v wise_o observe_v that_o one_o hundred_o pound_n only_o put_v out_o at_o interest_n at_o ten_o per_fw-la cent_n do_v in_o seventy_o year_n which_o be_v but_o the_o age_n of_o a_o man_n increase_v to_o above_o one_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n and_o if_o the_o advantage_n be_v so_o great_a to_o the_o lender_n the_o loss_n must_v be_v great_a to_o the_o borrower_n who_o as_o have_v be_v say_v live_v at_o a_o much_o large_a expense_n and_o as_o it_o be_v between_o private_a person_n so_o between_o nation_n and_o nation_n that_o have_v communication_n one_o with_o another_o for_o whether_o the_o subject_n of_o one_o nation_n lend_v money_n to_o subject_n of_o another_o or_o trade_n with_o they_o for_o good_n the_o effect_n be_v the_o same_o as_o for_o example_n a_o dutch_a merchant_n that_o have_v but_o four_o or_o five_o thousand_o pound_n clear_a stock_n of_o his_o own_o can_v easy_o borrow_v and_o have_v credit_n for_o fifteen_o thousand_o pound_n more_o at_o three_o per_fw-la cent_n at_o home_n with_o which_o whether_o he_o trade_n or_o put_v it_o to_o use_v in_o england_n or_o any_o country_n where_o interest_n of_o money_n be_v high_a he_o must_v necessary_o without_o very_o evil_a accident_n attend_v he_o in_o a_o very_a few_o year_n treble_a his_o own_o capital_a this_o discover_v the_o true_a cause_n why_o the_o sugar-baker_n of_o holland_n can_v afford_v to_o give_v a_o great_a price_n for_o barbadoes_n sugar_n in_o london_n beside_o the_o second_o freight_n and_o charges_n upon_o they_o between_o england_n and_o holland_n and_o yet_o grow_v exceed_o rich_a upon_o their_o trade_n whereas_o our_o sugar-baker_n in_o london_n that_o buy_v sugar_n here_o at_o their_o own_o door_n before_o such_o additional_a freight_n and_o charges_n come_v upon_o they_o can_v scarce_o live_v upon_o their_o calling_n ou●s_v here_o pay_v for_o a_o good_a share_n of_o their_o stock_n six_o per_fw-la cent_n and_o few_o of_o they_o employ_v in_o their_o sugar-work_n above_o six_o to_o ten_o thousand_o pound_n at_o most_o whereas_o in_o holland_n they_o employ_v twenty_o thirty_o to_o forty_o thousand_o pound_n stock_n in_o a_o sugar-house_n pay_v but_o three_o per_fw-la cent_n at_o most_o for_o what_o they_o take_v up_o at_o interest_n to_o fill_v up_o their_o say_a stock_n which_o be_v sometime_o half_a sometime_o three_o quarter_n of_o their_o whole_a stock_n and_o as_o it_o be_v with_o this_o trade_n the_o same_o rule_n hold_v throughout_o all_o other_o trade_n whatsoever_o and_o for_o we_o to_o say_v if_o the_o dutch_a put_v their_o money_n to_o interest_n among_o we_o we_o shall_v have_v the_o advantage_n by_o be_v full_a and_o flush_o of_o coin_n at_o home_n it_o be_v a_o mear_v chimaera_n and_o so_o far_o from_o a_o advantage_n that_o it_o be_v a_o extreme_a loss_n render_v we_o only_o in_o the_o condition_n of_o a_o young_a gallant_a that_o have_v new_o mortgage_v his_o land_n and_o with_o the_o money_n thereby_o raise_v stuff_v his_o pocket_n and_o look_v big_a for_o a_o time_n not_o consider_v that_o the_o draught_n of_o cordial_n he_o have_v receive_v though_o it_o be_v at_o present_a grateful_a to_o his_o palate_n do_v indeed_o prey_n upon_o his_o vital_a spirit_n and_o will_v in_o a_o short_a time_n render_v the_o whole_a body_n of_o his_o estate_n in_o a_o deep_a consumption_n if_o not_o whole_o consume_v beside_o whatever_o money_n the_o dutch_a lend_v we_o they_o always_o keep_v one_o end_n of_o the_o chain_n at_o home_n in_o their_o own_o hand_n by_o which_o they_o can_v pull_v back_o when_o they_o please_v their_o lean_a kine_n which_o they_o send_v hither_o to_o be_v fat_v this_o make_v i_o conclude_v that_o moses_n that_o wise_a legislator_n in_o his_o forbid_v the_o jew_n to_o lend_v money_n at_o use_n one_o to_o another_o and_o permit_v they_o to_o lend_v their_o money_n to_o stranger_n ordain_v that_o law_n as_o much_o to_o a_o political_a as_o a_o religious_a intent_n know_v that_o by_o the_o latter_a they_o shall_v enrich_v their_o own_o nation_n and_o by_o the_o former_a no_o public_a good_n can_v ensue_v the_o consequence_n be_v only_o to_o impoverish_v one_o jew_n to_o make_v another_o rich._n this_o likewise_o take_v off_o the_o wonder_n how_o the_o people_n of_o israel_n out_o of_o so_o small_a a_o territory_n as_o they_o possess_v can_v upon_o all_o occasion_n set_v forth_o such_o vast_a and_o numerous_a army_n almost_o incredible_a as_o all_o history_n sacred_a and_o profane_a report_v they_o do_v which_o be_v neither_o impossible_a nor_o strange_a to_o any_o that_o have_v well_o consider_v the_o effect_n of_o their_o law_n concrn_v usury_n which_o be_v sufficient_a to_o make_v any_o barren_a land_n fruitful_a and_o a_o fruitful_a land_n a_o entire_a garden_n which_o by_o consequence_n will_v maintain_v ten_o time_n the_o number_n of_o inhabitant_n that_o the_o same_o tract_n of_o land_n will_v do_v where_o no_o such_o law_n be_v to_o conclude_v it_o be_v i_o think_v agree_v on_o by_o all_o that_o merchant_n artificer_n farmer_n of_o land_n and_o such_o as_o depend_v on_o they_o which_o for_o brevity-sake_n we_o may_v here_o include_v under_o one_o of_o these_o general_a term_n viz._n seaman_n fisherman_n breeder_n of_o cattle_n gardener_n etc._n etc._n be_v the_o three_o sort_n of_o people_n which_o by_o their_o study_n and_o labour_n do_v principal_o if_o not_o only_o bring_v in_o wealth_n to_o a_o nation_n from_o abroad_o other_o kind_n of_o people_n viz._n nobility_n gentry_n lawyer_n physician_n scholar_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o shopkeeper_n do_v only_a hand_n it_o from_o one_o to_o another_o at_o home_n and_o if_o abatement_n of_o interest_n beside_o the_o general_a benefit_n it_o bring_v to_o all_o except_o the_o gripe_a dronish_a usurer_n will_v add_v new_a life_n and_o motion_n to_o those_o most_o profitable_a engine_n of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o i_o humble_o suppose_v will_v be_v manifest_a upon_o serious_a consideration_n of_o what_o have_v be_v say_v then_o i_o think_v it_o will_v be_v out_o of_o doubt_n that_o abatement_n of_o interest_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o increase_n of_o the_o trade_n and_o riches_n of_o any_o kingdom_n

be_v former_o that_o money_n double_v once_o in_o seven_o year_n at_o 10_o per_fw-mi cent_z according_a to_o which_o rule_n 100_o l._n in_o seventy_o year_n amount_n to_o 102400_o l._n one_o hundred_o pound_n at_o ten_o pound_n per_fw-la cent_z per_fw-la annum_fw-la at_o interest_n upon_o interest_n increase_v thus_o viz._n  _fw-fr l._n s._n d._n at_o first_o 100_o 00_o 00_o at_o 3_o month_n it_o be_v 102_o 10_o 00_o at_o 6_o month_n 105_o 1_o 03_o at_o 9_o month_n 107_o 13_o 9_o at_o 12_o month_n 110_o 07_o 7_o at_o 1_o year_n ¼_n 113_o 02_o 9_o at_o 1_o year_n ½_n 115_o 19_o 4_o at_o 1_o year_n ¾_n 118_o 17_o 4_o at_o 2_o year_n 121_o 16_o 9_o at_o 2_o year_n ¼_n 124_o 17_o 8_o at_o 2_o year_n ½_n 128_o 00_o 1_o at_o 2_o year_n ¾_n 131_o 4_o 1_o at_o 3_o year_n 134_o 9_o 9_o at_o 3_o year_n ¼_n 137_o 17_o 0_o at_o 3_o year_n ½_n 141_o 5_o 10_o at_o 3_o year_n ¾_n 144_o 16_o 6_o at_o 4_o year_n 148_o 8_o 11_o at_o 4_o year_n ¼_n 152_o 3_o 1_o at_o 4_o year_n ½_n 155_o 19_o 2_o at_o 4_o year_n ¾_n 159_o 17_o 2_o at_o 5_o year_n 163_o 17_o 1_o at_o 5_o year_n ¼_n 167_o 19_o 0_o at_o 5_o year_n ½_n 172_o 3_o 0_o at_o 5_o year_n ¼_n 176_o 9_o 1_o at_o 6_o year_n 180_o 17_o 3_o at_o 6_o year_n ¼_n 185_o 7_o 9_o at_o 6_o year_n ½_n 190_o 5_o 0_o at_o 6_o year_n ●_o 4_o 194_o 15_o 5_o at_o 7_o year_n 199_o 12_o 10_o suppose_v one_o hundred_o pound_n to_o double_a in_o seven_o year_n at_o interest_n upon_o interest_n as_o aforesaid_a the_o increase_n be_v viz._n  _fw-fr l._n at_o first_o 100_o at_o 7_o year_n 200_o at_o 14_o year_n 400_o at_o 21_o year_n 800_o at_o 28_o year_n 1600_o at_o 35_o year_n 3200_o at_o 42_o year_n 6400_o at_o 49_o year_n 12800_o at_o 56_o year_n 25600_o at_o 63_o year_n 51200_o at_o 70_o year_n 102400_o pag._n 13._o he_o say_v that_o i_o make_v use_n of_o the_o abuse_n of_o interest_n which_o no_o man_n plead_v for_o annex_v a_o discourse_n against_o interest_n write_v in_o 1621._o when_o it_o be_v at_o 10_o per_fw-mi cent_z endeavour_v thereby_o to_o impose_v a_o belief_n that_o the_o gentleman_n who_o write_v that_o discourse_n be_v of_o my_o mind_n whereas_o it_o may_v be_v suppose_v the_o author_n of_o that_o book_n be_v content_v with_o 8_o per_fw-mi cent_z because_o within_o four_o year_n after_o it_o be_v bring_v down_o to_o that_o rate_n and_o that_o otherwise_o he_o will_v have_v write_v further_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o he_o may_v live_v till_o after_o four_o year_n i_o answer_v that_o through_o the_o mercy_n of_o almighty_a god_n and_o for_o the_o good_a of_o this_o kingdom_n that_o patriot_n of_o his_o country_n old_a sir_n thomas_n culpepper_n who_o i_o have_v since_o be_v assure_v be_v the_o author_n of_o that_o treatise_n do_v live_v above_o twenty_o year_n after_o the_o write_n thereof_o and_o then_o publish_v a_o second_o treatise_n which_o be_v late_o reprint_v by_o his_o worthy_a son_n which_o second_o treatise_n be_v now_o to_o be_v have_v at_o mr_n wilkinson_n over_o against_o st_n dunstan_n church_n in_o fleetstreet_n which_o i_o will_v advise_v my_o opposer_n to_o read_v and_o then_o i_o hope_v he_o will_v be_v more_o modest_a hereafter_o then_o to_o miscall_a the_o most_o natural_a and_o rational_a conclusion_n imposings_n but_o lest_o he_o shall_v not_o meet_v with_o the_o say_a treatise_n i_o shall_v here_o insert_v a_o few_o line_n out_o of_o it_o to_o the_o present_a purpose_n viz._n old_a sir_n thomas_n speak_v of_o the_o certain_a good_a effect_n of_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n from_o 10_o to_o 8_o per_fw-mi cent_z pag._n 19_o of_o his_o second_o treatise_n say_v this_o good_a success_n do_v call_v upon_o we_o not_o to_o rest_v here_o but_o that_o we_o bring_v the_o use_n for_o money_n to_o a_o low_a rate_n which_o now_o i_o suppose_v will_v find_v no_o opposition_n for_o all_o objection_n which_o before_o the_o statute_n be_v make_v against_o it_o be_v now_o answer_v by_o the_o success_n &_o most_o certain_o the_o benefit_n will_v be_v much_o great_a to_o the_o common_a wealth_n by_o call_v the_o use_n for_o money_n down_o from_o 8_o to_o 5_o or_o 6_o per_fw-mi cent_z than_o it_o be_v from_o call_v it_o down_o from_o 10_o to_o 8_o per_fw-la cent._n i_o shall_v not_o comment_v upon_o his_o word_n but_o only_o declare_v that_o in_o truth_n i_o never_o hear_v of_o this_o treatise_n no●_n of_o any_o other_o to_o the_o like_a effect_n when_o i_o write_v i_o pag._n 13._o the_o gentleman_n b●ings_v up_o his_o battalion_n and_o like_o a_o stout_a champion_n for_o the_o sly_a and_o timorous_a heard-of_a usurer_n plant_n his_o main_a battery_n against_o that_o part_n which_o i_o confess_v to_o be_v weak_a viz._n that_o the_o difficulty_n of_o this_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o lowness_n of_o interest_n be_v the_o cause_n or_o the_o effect_n of_o riches_n and_o he_o positive_o deny_v that_o the_o lowness_n of_o interest_n be_v the_o cause_n &_o affirm_v it_o to_o be_v only_o the_o effect_n thereof_o which_o he_o endeavour_v to_o prove_v by_o four_o argument_n which_o i_o shall_v particular_o answer_v in_o a_o due_a place_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n use_v my_o own_o method_n to_o prove_v that_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n by_o a_o law_n in_o england_n will_v be_v a_o mean_n to_o improve_v the_o riches_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o i_o prove_v it_o thus_o 1._o whatever_o do_v advance_v the_o value_n of_o land_n in_o purchase_n must_v be_v a_o procure_a cause_n of_o riches_n 2._o whatever_o do_v improve_v the_o rent_n of_o farm_n must_v be_v a_o procure_a cause_n of_o riches_n 3._o whatever_o do_v increase_v the_o bulk_n of_o foreign_a trade_n must_v be_v a_o procure_a cause_n of_o riches_n 4._o whatever_o do_v multiply_v domestic_a artificer_n must_v be_v a_o procure_a cause_n of_o riches_n 5._o whatever_o do_v incline_v the_o nation_n to_o thriftiness_n must_v be_v a_o procure_a cause_n of_o riches_n 6._o whatever_o do_v employ_v the_o poor_a must_v be_v a_o procure_a cause_n of_o riches_n 7._o whatever_o do_v increase_v the_o stock_n of_o people_n must_v be_v a_o procure_a cause_n of_o riches_n now_o that_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n will_v advance_v the_o value_n of_o land_n i_o prove_v first_o by_o experience_n for_o certain_o anno_fw-la 1621._o the_o currant_n price_n of_o our_o land_n in_o england_n be_v twelve_o year_n purchase_v and_o so_o i_o have_v be_v assure_v by_o many_o ancient_a man_n who_o i_o have_v query_v particular_o as_o to_o this_o matter_n and_o i_o find_v it_o so_o by_o purchase_n make_v about_o that_o time_n by_o my_o own_o relation_n and_o acquaintance_n and_o i_o presume_v that_o any_o nobleman_n or_o gentleman_n of_o england_n by_o only_o command_v the_o steward_n of_o their_o manor_n to_o give_v they_o list_n out_o of_o the_o record_n of_o any_o manor_n or_o farm_n that_o their_o grandfather_n or_o father_n buy_v or_o sell_v fifty_o year_n past_a will_v find_v that_o the_o same_o farm_n to_o be_v now_o sell_v will_v yield_v one_o with_o another_o at_o 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6_o per_fw-la cent_n which_o 10_o per_fw-la cent_n can_v not_o bear_v and_o to_o prove_v that_o land_n be_v then_o at_o twelve_o year_n purchase_v i_o have_v the_o write_a testimony_n of_o that_o incomparable_a worthy_a person_n sir_n thomas_n culpepper_n senior_n who_o page_z 11._o of_o his_o first_o treatise_n express_o affirm_v that_o land_n be_v then_o at_o twelve_o year_n purchase_v who_o be_v himself_o a_o grave_n and_o ancient_a parliament_n man_n and_o dedicate_a his_o book_n to_o the_o then_o parliament_n whereof_o he_o be_v then_o a_o member_n can_v without_o horrible_a uncharitableness_n be_v presume_v

upon_o and_o tax_v the_o inhabitant_n at_o pleasure_n as_o the_o king_n do_v they_o it_o be_v not_o probable_a they_o shall_v make_v that_o successful_a progress_n in_o plant_v propriety_n freedom_n and_o inheritance_n be_v the_o most_o effectual_a spur_n to_o industry_n 2._o though_o some_o who_o have_v not_o look_v far_o into_o this_o matter_n may_v think_v the_o spaniard_n have_v make_v great_a progress_n in_o plant_v i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o the_o english_a since_o the_o time_n they_o set_v upon_o this_o work_n have_v clear_v and_o emprove_v fifty_o plantation_n for_o one_o and_o build_v as_o many_o house_n for_o one_o the_o spaniard_n have_v build_v this_o will_v not_o be_v very_o difficult_a to_o imagine_v if_o it_o be_v consider_v first_o that_o it_o be_v not_o above_o fifty_o or_o sixty_o year_n since_o the_o english_a intend_v the_o propagate_a foreign_a plantation_n second_o that_o the_o spaniard_n be_v possess_v of_o the_o west-indies_n about_o our_o king_n henry_n the_o 7_o th_n time_n which_o be_v near_o two_o hundred_o year_n past_a three_o that_o what_o the_o spaniard_n have_v do_v in_o the_o west-indies_n have_v be_v ten_o time_n more_o by_o conquest_n then_o by_o plant_v fourtly_n that_o the_o spaniard_n find_v in_o the_o west-indies_n most_o of_o the_o city_n and_o town_n ready_a build_v and_o inhabit_a and_o much_o of_o the_o ground_n emprove_v and_o cultivate_v before_o their_o come_n thither_o five_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n which_o they_o find_v there_o and_o subdue_v be_v such_o a_o people_n with_o who_o some_o of_o the_o spaniard_n can_v and_o have_v mix_v from_o whence_o have_v proceed_v a_o generation_n of_o people_n which_o they_o call_v mestise_n whereas_o the_o english_a where_o they_o have_v set_v down_o and_o plant_v either_o find_v none_o or_o such_o as_o be_v mere_a wild_a heathen_a with_o who_o they_o can_v not_o nor_o ever_o have_v be_v know_v to_o mix_v six_o that_o now_o after_o such_o a_o long_a series_n of_o time_n the_o spaniard_n be_v scarce_o so_o populous_a in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o west-indies_n as_o to_o be_v able_a to_o bring_v a_o army_n of_o ten_o thousand_o man_n together_o in_o a_o month_n time_n from_o all_o which_o i_o conjecture_v one_a that_o his_o majesty_n have_v now_o more_o english_a subject_n in_o all_o his_o foreign_a plantation_n in_o sixty_o year_n than_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n have_v spaniard_n in_o all_o his_o in_o two_o hundred_o year_n 2d_o that_o the_o spaniard_n progress_n in_o plant_v bear_v no_o proportion_n to_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o english_a plantation_n 3_o d._n that_o see_v the_o spaniard_n in_o the_o time_n of_o their_o great_a prosperity_n and_o under_o so_o many_o advantage_n have_v be_v such_o indifferent_a planter_n and_o have_v make_v such_o slow_a progress_n in_o people_v those_o part_n of_o the_o west-indies_n which_o they_o possess_v it_o be_v not_o much_o to_o be_v fear_v that_o ever_o the_o english_a will_v be_v mate_v by_o the_o spaniard_n in_o their_o foreign_a plantation_n or_o production_n of_o the_o native_a commodity_n of_o those_o part_n now_o the_o reason_n why_o the_o spaniard_n be_v so_o thin_a of_o people_n in_o the_o west-indies_n i_o take_v to_o be_v such_o as_o these_o follow_v viz._n first_o and_o principal_o because_o they_o exercise_v the_o same_o policy_n and_o government_n civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a in_o their_o plantation_n as_o they_o do_v in_o their_o mother-kingdom_n from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o their_o people_n be_v few_o and_o thin_a abroad_o from_o the_o same_o cause_n as_o they_o be_v empty_a and_o void_a of_o people_n at_o home_n whereas_o although_o we_o in_o england_n vain_o endeavour_v to_o arrive_v at_o a_o uniformity_n of_o religion_n at_o home_n yet_o we_o allow_v a_o amsterdam_n liberty_n in_o our_o plantation_n it_o be_v true_a new-england_n be_v a_o more_o independent_a government_n from_o this_o kingdom_n than_o any_o other_o of_o our_o plantation_n and_o the_o people_n that_o go_v thither_o more_o one_o peculiar_a sort_n or_o sect_n than_o those_o that_o go_v to_o the_o rest_n of_o our_o plantation_n they_o do_v for_o some_o year_n past_a exercise_v some_o severity_n against_o the_o quaker_n but_o of_o late_o they_o have_v understand_v their_o true_a interest_n better_o insomuch_o as_o i_o have_v not_o hear_v of_o any_o act_n of_o that_o kind_n for_o these_o five_o or_o six_o year_n last_o notwithstanding_o i_o be_o well_o inform_v that_o there_o be_v now_o among_o they_o many_o more_o quaker_n and_o other_o dissenter_n from_o their_o form_n of_o religious_a worship_n than_o be_v at_o the_o time_n of_o their_o great_a severity_n which_o severity_n have_v no_o other_o effect_n but_o to_o increase_v the_o new-english_a nonconformist_n 2_o d._n a_o second_o reason_n why_o the_o production_n of_o the_o spanish_a west-india_n commodity_n be_v so_o inconsiderable_a in_o respect_n to_o the_o english_a and_o consequent_o why_o their_o progress_n in_o plant_v have_v be_v and_o be_v like_a to_o be_v much_o less_o than_o the_o english_a as_o also_o the_o increase_n of_o their_o people_n i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o dearness_n of_o the_o freight_n of_o their_o ship_n which_o be_v four_o time_n more_o than_o our_o english_a freight_n and_o if_o you_o will_v know_v how_o that_o come_v to_o be_v so_o twelve_o per_fw-la cent_n interest_n will_v go_v ●_o great_a way_n towards_o the_o satisfy_n you_o although_o there_o be_v other_o concomitant_a lesser_a cause_n which_o whosoever_o understand_v spain_n or_o shall_v careful_o read_v this_o treatise_n may_v find_v out_o themselves_o 3_o d._n a_o three_o reason_n i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o greatness_n of_o the_o custom_n in_o old-spain_n for_o undoubted_o high_a custom_n do_v as_o well_o dwarf_n plantation_n as_o trade_n 4_o the_o the_o spaniard_n intense_a and_o singular_a industry_n in_o their_o mine_n for_o gold_n and_o silver_n the_o work_n wherein_o destroy_v abundance_n of_o their_o people_n at_o least_o of_o their_o slave_n do_v cause_v they_o to_o neglect_v in_o great_a measure_n cultivate_v of_o the_o earth_n and_o produce_v commodity_n from_o the_o growth_n thereof_o which_o may_v give_v employment_n to_o a_o great_a navy_n as_o well_o as_o sustenance_n to_o a_o far_o great_a number_n of_o people_n by_o sea_n and_o land_n 5_o the_o their_o multitude_n of_o friar_n nun_n and_o other_o reclust_n and_o ecclesiastical_a person_n which_o be_v prohibit_v from_o marriage_n 3._o the_o three_o sort_n of_o people_n i_o be_o to_o discourse_n of_o be_v the_o portugeeze_n and_o and_o they_o i_o must_v acknowledge_v to_o have_v be_v great_a planter_n in_o the_o brazeil_n and_o other_o place_n but_o yet_o if_o we_o preserve_v our_o people_n and_o plantation_n by_o good_a law_n i_o have_v reason_n to_o believe_v that_o the_o portugeeze_fw-mi except_o they_o alter_v their_o politic_n which_o be_v almost_o impossible_a for_o they_o to_o do_v can_v never_o bear_v up_o with_o we_o muchless_a prejudice_n our_o plantation_n that_o hitherto_o they_o have_v not_o hurt_v we_o but_o we_o they_o be_v most_o apparent_a for_o in_o my_o time_n we_o have_v beat_v their_o muscovado_n and_o paneal_a sugar_n quite_o out_o of_o use_n in_o england_n and_o their_o whites_n we_o have_v bring_v down_o in_o all_o these_o part_n of_o europe_n in_o price_n from_o seven_o and_o eight_o pound_n per_fw-la l._n to_o fifty_o shilling_n and_o three_o pound_n per_fw-la l._n and_o in_o quantity_n whereas_o former_o their_o brazeil-fleet_n consist_v of_o one_o hundred_o to_o one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o thousand_o chest_n of_o sugar_n they_o be_v now_o reduce_v to_o about_o thirty_o thousand_o chest_n since_o the_o great_a increase_n of_o barbadoes_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o decay_n of_o the_o portugeeze_n production_n in_o brazeil_n be_v certain_o the_o better_a policy_n that_o our_o english_a plantatition_n be_v found_v upon_o that_o which_o principal_o dwarf_n the_o portugeeze_v plantation_n be_v the_o same_o beforementioned_a which_o hinder_v the_o spaniard_n viz._n extraordinary_a high_a custom_n at_o home_n high_a freight_n high_a interest_n of_o money_n ecclesiastical_a person_n etc._n etc._n from_o all_o that_o have_v be_v say_v concern_v plantation_n in_o general_a i_o draw_v these_o two_o principal_a conclusion_n 1_o st_o that_o our_o english_a plantation_n may_v thrive_v beyond_o any_o other_o plantation_n in_o the_o world_n though_o the_o trade_n of_o all_o of_o they_o be_v more_o severe_o limit_v by_o law_n and_o good_a execution_n of_o those_o law_n to_o their_o mother-kingdom_n of_o england_n exclusive_a to_o ireland_n and_o new-england_n 2_o that_o it_o be_v in_o his_o majesty_n power_n and_o the_o parliament_n if_o they_o please_v by_o take_v off_o all_o charge_n from_o sugar_n to_o make_v it_o more_o entire_o a_o english_a commodity_n than_o white-herring_n be_v a_o dutch_a commodity_n and_o to_o draw_v more_o profit_n to_o this_o