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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A81486	Vox cæli; or, philosophical, historicall, and theological [brace] observations, of thunder. With a more general view of Gods wonderful works. First grounded on Job 26. 14. but now enlarged into this treatise. / By Robert Dingley, M.A. once fellow of Magdalen Colledge in Oxford; now minister of Gods Word at Brixton in the Isle of Wight, and County of Southampton.	Dingley, Robert, 1619-1660.	1658 (1658)	Wing D1502; Thomason E1868_1; ESTC R209723	78,969	218

VOICE A Digression of speech and how many wayes GOD is said to speak to us How the voyce of Man hath been loud terrible and perswading Stopping our eares in time of Thunder proved to be a SIN Answ 2. There be other Instrumentall causes of Thunder Good and Evill Angels chiefly Enquiry 4 In what cases especially or occasions God hath manifested or will discover his power and glory by supernaturall and most terrible Thunder Answer 1 At the castigation or overthrow of his and the Churches enemies in battell or otherwise Divers of Gods enemies have been routed and destroyed by Thunder and Lightnings Answer 2 When the moral Law was delivered on Mount-Sinai Of which 8 reasons are given Answer 3 At the Promulgation of the Gospel A Digression of Miracles under the Gospel and why none wrought 800 yeares before Christ That the Gospel was confirmed by Thunder is proved by divers Scriptures and some other Authors also by testimonies from the Gospels Enemies Four Reasons why the Gospel was confirmed thus Answer 4 There will be dreadful Thunder and Lightnings at the day of judgement Proved 1 By divers Scriptures 4 full places for for it 2 By foure Arguments or Reasons why it will be so A Digression of the unknown Time The Inferences follow which are four Infer 1 This Doctrine of Thunder is in travaile with terrour to all the enemies of God and his people Thunder proves a Deity Infer 2 Reproof to such as out-brave Thunder Ubi of such as have presumed either to slight or imitate this worke of God That Sodome was burnt with sulphurious Lightning proved out of Tertullian Next Infer 3 matter of admonition to six duties viz. First when you heare it Thunder feare before the great Jehovah 'T is a marvail how sinners dare go to sleep when it thundreth Secondly Follow right meanes to provide for your safety by getting into the arms of Christ For 1 Some repair to the strongest places and buildings for shelter The vanity of this shield 2 Others will ascribe rare Qualities to the Eagle Seal-skin Fig-tree Bay-tree and ringing consecrated and baptized Bells The folly and superstition thereof 3 Some few in the time of much Thunder apply themselves to Prayer holy conference Ubi of laying aside our Recreations when it thundreth Thirdly when the Thunder is over be not afterwards secure but cherish a filiall awe of God upon your hearts that the graces of his Spirit may like Swans eggs be hatched with Thunder Fourthly Be not unsensible of the last Winters praeternaturall Thunder Ubi How it fools the Astrologers presuming to foretell Thunder in their Almanacks and that such should not be tolerated in a Christian State Fifthly Learn to trust in the great and all-powerful God who is able to defend and deliver you Sixthly Let Gods spirituall and mysticall Thunder by his Word and Boanerges at length awaken us Where it is shewed 1 That Ministers should thunder in their Doctrine by earnest sound and powerfull preaching Caution Place not good preaching in loud speaking 2 That the people should labour to profit by powerfull Sermons as so many Alarms from Heaven A Digression of profiting by the Word though the Minister be not so holy as we could wish him Infer 4 Lastly This Doctrine of Thunder comes yet with an Olive-branch of Peace and Consolation to the Saints from divers Scriptures intimating that God is carefull of his people in time of Thunder and Tempests Comfort fetched in 1 From Naturall considerations As That Thunder is from Natural causes and oft produceth good effects in the Aire and Earth 2 From spirituall Meditations chiefly four First God of old was wont to reveal himselfe by Thunder Now in a soft and still voice Secondly Thunder and Lightnings are disposed and ordered by the Lord. Object Then surely none of Gods children receive any prejudice by it Sol. 1. We may not vote all such as suffer by Lightnings and Thunder-bolts to be Gods enemies 2 The good being in bad places or employments may suffer with the bad 3 It may be the wise God fore-seeth greater evills and tryals would befall them if they should escape 4 Hereby he doth warn the wicked what to expect 5 God usually doth preserve his People in such perills 6 If they perish by them they are hastned into Heaven though in a fiery Charet with Elijah Thirdly Thunder Lightning have been serviceable to the Saints 1. By kindling the wood for sacrifice 2. By oppossng the Churches enemies viz. 1. Such as are enemies to her Truth Hereticks and other Novelists have been destroyed by Lightning and Thunder An Item for Lay-Preachers 2. Such as are Enemies to the Churches Peace have also been subdued by Thunder 4 There is yet another Consolation for the Saints No Thunder nor Lightning in Heaven They can no more heare our Thunder then we their Hallelujahs All closed with a Cautionary Advice to the Saints Not to feare Thunder with a low and slavish Feare Indices Finis THE AUTHORS which are quoted in this TREATISE ABbot Abulensis Aelian Ainsworth Albertus Clem Alexandrinus Alsted Ambrose Isaac Ambrose Andrews Annotations Tho Aquinas Aristotle Augustine Avicenna Babington Bacon Du Bartas Baronius Basil Baxter Beda Bellarmine Bellonius Bernard Borrhaeus Dr. Brown Bullinger Anthony Burges Calvin Cambden Camerarius Joseph Caryl Casaubon Caussin Chrysostome M. T. Cicero Cyprian Day Despagne Empedocles Erasmus Evagrius Eusebius Dr. Featly Feltam Ferus Gallen Dr. Gouge Gribaldus Hugh Grotius Bishop Hall Dr. Hammond Heidfeldius Dr. Heyling Hildersham Hez Holland Hug de S. Vict. Huart Jenkins Jerome Josephus Isidore Junius Juvenal Lactantius Cornelius a Lapide Lanquet Lawrence Leigh Lightfoot Lyranus Magirus Marlorat Martial Mead. Melancthon Mendoza Seb Meyer Henry Moor Mornaeus Musculus Gregory Nazianz. Nicephorus Nierembergius Samuel Oates Origen Osiander Ovid Pareus Perkins Pierius Pignetus Philippus Plato Pliny Plutarch Polanus Quintilian Sir W. Raleigh Ramus Dr. Reynolds Rivius Rupertus Rutherford Rueus Salvian Sands Scaliger Shepheard Diodorus Siculus Simler Solinus Sozomen Strabo Strigelius Stow Tacitus Tertullian Tostatus Tremelius John Trap Vegetius Lud Vives Vossius Waterhouse Watson Weems Dr. Willet Ystella Zanchius cum aliis FINIS Job 26.14 But the Thunder of his power or his powerful Thunder who can understand IN this Chapter holy Job gives in his Answer to a third Disputation of his second friend Bildad which Response of Job hath two hinges to move on 1 An utter dislike of Bildads dealing with him as if what was urged by his Friend were not onely short but wide of the Mark And this he doth in the four first Verses of the Chapter 2 A Declaration of the Majesty Power and matchless Excellencies of Jehovah in himself and his wonderful works which Bildad only glanced at And this he performs in the remaining part of the Chapter In this 14 verse holy Job concludes his Meditations and after he had given an Enumeration or Induction of divers particulars he presents unto his friend the whole Fabrick

of the Author or the awe and terrour it doth or should beget in the Auditors When the Lord Thundreth in the Heavens Psal 18.3 29.3 Job 37.4 5. 't is the HIGHEST that gives his voice The God of GLORY Thundreth He thundreth with the voice of his EXCELLENCY God Thundreth MARVELLOVSLY with his voice The clouds poured out water the Skies sent out a sound thine arrowes also went abroad the voice of thy Thunder was in the heavens the Lightnings lightned the world What then The earth trembled and shook Psal 77.17 18. Virgil. lib. 1. Georg. Ipse pater media nimborum in nocte corusca Fulmina molitur dextra Quo maxima motu Terra trêmit fugere ferae mortalia corda Per gentes humilis stravit pavor Many dreadfull effects of Thunder you are remembred of in this Treatise If it fill our hearts with high holy reverential thoughts of the Thunderer that you constantly feare before him it is one I am sure that the Almighty Author doth designe and the very best that the work can produce Bede gives us the Relation of a holy man who never heard a great gust of winde but he would presently call upon God for mercy beseech him to be gracious to the sons of men If the winde increased he would lay all other businesse aside and attend alone to that one of Prayer If Thunder and Lightning followed he would then make hast to the Church and spend his time in Religious exercises till the storm was over And being asked by his friends why he did so His answer was have you not read Psal 18.13 14. The Lord thundred in the Heavens and the Highest gave his voice He sent out his Arrows scattered them Lightnings and discomfited them And it is recorded of Aquinas that when it Thundered he was wont to fall down and with much devotion to pray Lord help and succour thy servants whom thou hast redeemed with thy precious blood Job Iob 38. 39. cap. 40. ver 4. Cap. 41. 42. vers 6. if we be not mistaken in those definitions which we have received of that vertue had not many equals for Magnanimity and Fortitude and yet after an account of the greatnesse of God discovered in his mighty works how full is his heart of awfulnesse and feare And his friend Elihu being to mention the excellent marvellous roaring voice of Thunder they are his owne expressions knows not how to do it without a preface cloathed in feare and reverence At this also my heart trembleth and is moved out of his place Job 37.1 c. Neither should it be any abatement of our respects to the great God that Thunder is known to have its naturall causes For those causes are kno●n to have their cause too and are but the effects of an higher Nature hath nothing to boast of but what God endoweth her with who acteth without it beside it above it Contracteth or enlargeth it even as he pleaseth And when he doth not either of these yet doth he not leave any thing at any time meerly to the hand of its Causes but hath himselfe an Agency in the Production of it and that an immediate one Immediatione virtutis suppositi say some At least virtutis is confessed by all Nature hath nothing that she hath not received neither is she Independent in any one in the smallest operation For that would argue an Independency of power and that of being which none can challenge but God alone Do not say Then every thing that comes to passe in the world and even the daily imployments of Nature must call out our hearts to I know not how many duties For can you tell why they should not Is there any possibility of supererogation Can you love fear praise admire adore our God too much But yet Reader the greatest manifestation of the power majesty of God should work most Thunder is one of these and a voice of the Almighty loud enough to awaken our hearts to all these sorts of acknowledgments The reverend Author hath made it his present businesse in the ensuing Treatise to perswade our attention to it The discourse is pious and hath cost him some pains Your Prayers are desired that it may be useful and afford the people of God much profit which I am the more perswaded to hope of it when I finde it to be though in more words not a jot more then that pathetical exhortation of the Apostle Heb. 12.28 29. Let us have grace whereby we may serve God acceptably with reverence and godly feare for our God is a consuming fire Which will abundantly praeponderate the prejudice it might otherwise receive from its Conduct into the world by the unable hand of so obscure and inconsiderable a Person as Reader Your servant in the work of the Gospel of Christ Jesus Edw Buckler THE CONTENTS TWo Observations raised from Job 26.14 Obser 1 That the highest operations most excelent works of GOD cannot be reached by Mans understanding The Reasons 7. Reason 1 Mans darknesse and sloath since the Fall Ubi of the grosse errors of Philosophers Of our want of Reading Travelling Meditation Of the Brevity of Life Reason 2 The variety of Species and Individuals Reason 3 The infinite wisdome of God which is stamped upon all his works Ubi of imperfect false Descriptions of Gods works Of some Rarities in Nature for which no reason can be given Reason 4 Gods Power and Wisdome is displayed in GREAT and SMALL creatures Ubi of the Whale Elephant and Precious Stones Reason 5 Men are admired who have any thing well IMITATED Gods Works Reason 6 A Mass and multitude of wonders do attend the visible Heavens Reason 7 PROVIDENCE is very mysterious and is a kinde of continuall Creation The Inferences follow which are four Inference 1 See their presumptuous folly and madnesse who pretend to know GOD and all his works Inference 2 See the necessity of Vniversities Learning Ubi of unwearied diligence in study Philosophy a faire Hand-maid to Theology Inference 3 Read what you can of GOD in the Volumn of Creation and Providence Inference 4 Comfort for Saints In heaven we shall know more of GOD and his works Heaven the rarest of Gods Works It hath been long preparing for us Obser 2 The terrible Meteor of THVNDER is a most lively manifestation of the LORDS greatnesse and power The trumpet of his glorious Majestie and matchlesse Perfections Four enquiries in the opening of this Truth Enquiry 1 How this expression in holy Job may be taken and understood Answ 3 wayes Enquiry 2 What Thunder is Ubi of it's Name Nature Effects Also of the Thunder-bolt Tempests Lightnings Earth quakes Haile great and fearefull Of violent Thunders and Lightnings mentioned in our Chronicles with dreadful effects Enquiry 3 If any other then GOD be the Author Instruments of these things Answ 1. GOD the efficient cause of Thunder which is his

Jupiter but the great and eternall God Therefore although we may conjecture at the naturall causes of Thunder yet 't is safest to ascribe Thunder unto God as the prime Agent and Cause Efficient 2 Though God be the chief Author and Orderer of Thunder There may notwithstanding be other Instrumentall causes thereof all commissionated bounded and limited by the Lord. 1 Good Angels have some Influence on Thunder It is certain e Lawrence of Angels p. 34. saith one they can do any thing which Nature can doe They can move the Heavens They can move all corporall things almost in an instant They can stir Tempests move Waters and Windes They slew the powerful Army of Senacherib They brought Peter and the Apostles out of prison Blesse the Lord all yee f Psal 10.10 Angels which are mighty in strength which do his will They could make a g a Reg. 7.6 sound of many horses to be heard by the King of Assyria to his great amazement And by the same delegated power they can raise storms and tempests and make Thunder-claps in the aire You read in the Epistle to the h Heb. 2.2 Hebrews of the word spoken by Angels i Simler One thus expounds it That the Thunder and Lightning and sound of the Trumpet were caused by the Ministry of good Angels when the Law was given Concerning the great power of Elect Angels I have k In the Deputation of Angels p. 91 92. treated else-where If the l 1 Thes 4.16 voice of an Arch-angel will be so loud and terrible as to awaken all that are in their Graves Then much more have Angels power to move Thunder which is a whisper to that Have the Angels power to raise an Earthquake which the m Mat. 28.2 Gospel affirms then what should hinder but they have power if commissionated by the Lord to shake all the clouds break them asunder and so raise Thunder and Lightnings Nay 2 The fallen Angels if permitted can do it Satan we know hath a Principality in the n Ephes 2 2. Aire the place where these Meteors are ingendred o Mr. Medes Diatribae p. 99. ad 107. Learned Mede thinks it probable that all the Devils have their seat and Mansion there and not in Hell till the day of Judgement Nay p Hieronimus in Eph. 6. Jerome saith it is the Opinion of all the Learned that the Devils have their Mansion and Residence in the space between Heaven and Earth If so then their habitation and abode is in the place where Thunders and Lightnings are hatched and where Thunder-bolts are coyned As also where those Bullets the Haile-stones are moulded Devils have power to shake the Aire and raise mighty gusts of Winde by Land or Sea else the windes could not so commonly be sold by the Laplanders to the Merchants that desire them for Navigation Note Satan could not be Prince of the Aire unlesse he had some power and train in that Element above the other 3 Elements besides q Mr Jenkins on Jude 9. Vol. 2. p. 61. One saith he is hurtfull to men by Tempests Winds and Fires r Zan hius in Ephes 2. Tom. 6. p. 51 Zanchy observes the Devils hover in the aire Inde nos observare tentare invadere animalia homines excitare tempestates Multaque denique mala hominibus dare To watch tempt invade us and other creatures and send many evils on mankinde Neither is the word silent in this particular He Å¿ Psalm 78.48 49. gave up their cattel also to the haile their flocks to hot Thunder-bolts he cast upon them the fiercenesse of his anger wrath indignation and trouble by sending evill Angels among them These evill Angels were instrumentall causes of Blood Locusts Hail Frost Frogs croaking on earth and Thunder ratling in the aire t Iob 1.11.16 18 19. So when Satans Commission against Job was once signed he soon brought a Whirl-winde upon his Children and Fire in all likelihood u Fulgur Maximum Iun. flashes of Lightning on his Cattel and People to their ruine and destruction A Writer on that w Mr. Caryl on Iob Vol. 1. p. 162.176 place tels us Satan the Prince of the Air can do mighty things command much in that Magazine of Heaven where that dreadfull Artillery those fiery Meteors Thunder and Lightning are lodged and stored up Satan let loose by God can do wonders in the Aire Hee can raise storms He can discharge the great Ordnance of Heaven Thunder and Lightning And by his Art he can make them more terrible and dreadfull then they are by Nature He can so inrage them that no man is able to withstand their violence All this they do x Apoc. 7.1 ad 3. not by any absolute power of their own but meerly as Tyrants By the Lords commission saith Bullinger And ut y Zanchius Tom. 2. p. 51. Divinorum judiciorum executores saith Zanchy Barely as the Executioners of Divine Judgements Enquiry 4 Fourthly We proceed to enquire in what Cases especially and on what occasions the Lord Hath manifested or Will discover his own power and glory by Thunder in an extraordinary and supernatural manner I answer chiefly 1 At the Castigation of his and the Churches Enemies in Battell or otherwise 2 At the Delivery of the Morall Law on Mount Sinai 3 At the Promulgation of the Gospell 4 At the grand Assizes and dissolution of all things First 1 At the castigation of the Churches enemies at the Castigation of Gods and the Churches Enemies the bloody Persecutors of the Saints God hath had divers wayes of destroying his Enemies besides potent numerous valiant and well disciplin'd Armies As by Gideous 300 men The sound of Rams horns before Jericho Moses Rod Shamgers Goad Sampsons Jaw-bone and little Davids Sling He can destroy whole hosts of enemies by a z Isa 41.16 Whirlwind nay a a 2 Reg. 19.7 Blast He smiteth the b Psalm 46.9 horse and rider with madnesse breaks the Bow cutteth the speare in sunder and burneth their Charets in the fire saith the Psalmist The e Judg. 5.20 Stars in their course fight against Sisera by their d Annotations in locum Influences raising up storms and Tempests against him and his Host say Commentators The e Iosh 10.11 Lord discomfited the Enemies of Joshuah by Hail-stones from Heaven The like he hath done by THUNDER and LIGHTNING See Exod. 9. The Lord fought against Pharaoh by f Exod 9.23 28. Thunder and Haile the fire ran along upon the ground so there were mighty thundrings and fire mingled with haile very grievous which smote all that was in the field man beast herb and trees Whereupon g Origen in loc Hom. 4. Origen writes thus Vide temperamentum Divinae correptionis Non cum silentio verberat sed dat voces Doctrinam caelitus mittit perquam possit culpam suam mundus agnoscere He did not

hearth Unsanctified Ministers may possibly convert and comfort sinners Admit the Minister be sinfull shall the People despise his Doctrine Our Saviour t Mat. 23.3 forbids it Was the glory of the Arke any thing diminished when it came from the Philistins Scripture is Scripture though uttered by Satan Non ergo merita personarum sed officia sacerdotum considerentur saith u Ambrose cap. 5. De iis qui mysteriis initiantur Ambrose Look not so much on the worthinesse of their persons as the weight of their office and employment I have stayed here the longer because some Expositors do understand this of Job to be meant rather of moral then natural Thunder viz. The highest Publications of Gods power and greatnesse Inference 4 Fourthly and lastly This discourse of Thunder brings an Olive-branch of Peace and Comfort for the Saints There is no Point so terrible but it brings sweetnesse to Gods people as the Lion did Honicombs to Sampson Tully saith of Syracuse in Sicily that no one day passeth in which the Sun shineth not clear upon them Note This I dare affirme there is not any day so black stormy and tempestuous so full of pain sorrow or distraction but a childe of God hath some invisible cordiall to stay and suport him some divine Ray of consolation darted on his soule to prevent despair That Thunder hath in its mouth an Olive-branch of Peace for the interessed in Christ you may gather from the 29 Psalm w Psalm 29.9 11. The voice of the Lord makes the hindes to calve and in his Temple doth every man speake of his glory Or as it is in your Margent In his Temple every whit of it uttereth his glory q. d. A Saint may take occasion from Thunder to magnifie and praise God for his power in the Thunder-claps and for his goodnesse in their preservation who attend his Temple A Believer can with the Psalmist x Psalm 148.4 alarm the heavenly Meteors to glorifie God Praise him Fire and Haile snow and vapours stormy windes fulfilling his will The Lord saith David will give strength unto his people the Lord will blesse his people with peace This use he makes of the Doctrine of Thunder as the Reader will finde it Psalm 29.11 The Lord will give strength unto his people and blesse them in tempore tonitru saith Aben Ezra this he will do in the time of Thunder So in the 18 Psalm y Psal 18.6 16. In my distresse I cryed to my God he heard my voice he sent from above he took he drew me out of many waters Now look just before and you will finde in nine or ten Verses a lively and terrible description of Thunder and Lightning So again by the Prophet Nahum z Nahum 1.6 7. Who can stand before his indignation who can abide the fiercenesse of his anger His fury is poured out like fire and the rocks are thrown down by him The Lord is good a strong hold in the day of trouble he knoweth them that trust in him Thus you see it proved by Scripture that in Thunder and tempests in all dangers the a Prov. 18.10 Name of the Lord is a strong tower and the righteous run into it and are safe b Psal 91.11 He will give his holy Angels charge over them to keep them in all their wayes Now let us see from what coast the People of God shall fetch comfort in the time of Thunder and Tempest I answer From naturall and spirituall confiderations 1 Naturall such as these 1 THUNDER is from naturall causes so is not alwayes an Argument of Gods displeasure no more then Haile Snow Raine or any other Meteor Though Thunder ever proclaims the power of God yet it doth not always trumpet forth his Anger 2 Oftentimes it hath good effects on the Aire and Earth c Sen. lib. 2. Nat. q cap. 31. Seneca the Philosopher saith that some Thunders destroy the poyson that is in Serpents Ipsir serpentibus illaesis And divers tell us of Thunders that help to purge and purifie the Aire Leigh's Treatise of Divinity li. 3. c. 4. doing much good in times of sicknesse and infection Derat aerem consumptis venenosis halitibus 2 But the Saints may chiefly draw comfort from spirituall considerations such as these Comfort 1 1 Of old God was wont to reveale himselfe by Thunder but now see his goodnesse he speaks to you in a soft and still voice Of old it was e Psalm 18.8 I heard thee in the secret of the Thunder But in these last dayes he hath spoken to us by his Son and Ambassadors sent by him Comfort 2 2 Thunder is ordered by the Almighty Though Angels may be Instruments though the Earth Air and Stars may contribute help in a naturall way of production Yet God is the efficient and principal Agent Thunder is still f Exod. 9.23 2 Sam. 22.14 1 Sam. 7.10 ascribed to God As the voice of a Man is governed and ordered by him that speaks so is Thunder by the Lord it being his Voice g Psalm 29.1 ad 9. as you have heard Though Thunder be a terrible weapon yet remember 't is in the hand of your gracious Father Note How carefull is the loving Father about Pistols ready charged if his little children be near them This affection of Parents to Children is ruggednesse and cruelty if compared with the mercies and compassions of our God The very Rebukes of God are all dipped in mercy h Jer. 31.20 Since I spake against Ephraim I do earnestly remember him I will surely have mercy on him saith the Lord. Are not Bullets from the roaring Cannon in time of Battell ordered by the Lord which is clear in holy i Jer. 39.17 18. Iob 5.20 Psalm 140.7 Eccles 9.11 Psalm 91.7 writ And do Thunder-bolts from Gods owne Fort-Royal come by chance do his swift Lightnings flye without commission When David had set forth this worke of God he adds The Lord sitteth King for ever Psalm 29.10 God is King over Angels over men over all Meteors and creatures He commands rules and orders them for time place person Iob 37.4 opened and manner of operation See Job 37 4. He thundreth with the voice of his excellency he will not stay them when his voice is heard Not stay THEM that is New flashes of Lightning or showrs of Hail or Rain which usually break out either when it thundreth or by and by after in a violent and impetuous manner Marke He will not STAY them Note Intimating he can when he seeth good Thunder-bolts and angry Hail-stones must have leave and commission from God or they cannot stir Object If it be so then may some object surely none of Gods children shall receive any prejudice by these things To which I answer Solution 1 If any should suffer by Thunder and Lightnings you may not for that conclude them enemies of God No man knowing Divine