or_o in_o lieu_n thereof_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n in_o the_o say_a letter_n express_v by_o which_o manner_n of_o write_v he_o force_v many_o of_o such_o religious_a out_o of_o fear_n to_o fulfil_v his_o will_n and_o command_n whereby_o they_o be_v heavy_o impoverish_v and_o oppress_v in_o manifest_a derogation_n of_o ecclesiastical_a liberty_n by_o which_o pretext_n the_o say_a king_n richard_n do_v incur_v perjury_n xxiii_o item_n in_o most_o of_o the_o great_a royal_a council_n when_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o realm_n the_o judge_n and_o other_o be_v charge_v that_o they_o will_v faithful_o council_n the_o king_n in_o matter_n relate_v to_o his_o state_n and_o that_o of_o his_o kingdom_n the_o say_v lord_n justices_z and_o other_o very_o often_o in_o give_v counsel_n according_a to_o their_o best_a discretion_n have_v be_v by_o the_o king_n sudden_o and_o so_o fierce_o chide_v and_o reprove_v that_o they_o have_v not_o dare_v to_o speak_v the_o truth_n in_o give_v their_o advice_n for_o the_o state_n of_o the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n xxiv_o item_n the_o treasure_n crown_n relic_n and_o other_o jewel_n viz._n the_o good_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n have_v be_v reposit_v in_o the_o treasury_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o king_n and_o preservation_n of_o his_o kingdom_n against_o any_o sudden_a event_n or_o exigency_n the_o say_a king_n go_v out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n into_o ireland_n do_v take_v away_o and_o cause_v the_o same_o to_o be_v carry_v with_o he_o without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o kingdom_n whereby_o this_o kingdom_n have_v be_v vast_o impoverish_v if_o god_n by_o the_o retaking_n of_o the_o say_a good_n against_o the_o say_a king_n will_v have_v not_o otherwise_o provide_v and_o furthermore_o the_o say_a king_n do_v cause_v the_o roll_n of_o record_n touch_v the_o state_n and_o government_n of_o his_o kingdom_n vo_o be_v destroy_v and_o raze_v to_o the_o great_a prejudice_n of_o his_o people_n and_o disinherit_n the_o crown_n of_o the_o say_a kingdom_n and_o all_o this_o as_o it_o be_v probable_o believe_v in_o favour_n and_o support_v of_o his_o evil_a governance_n xxv_o item_n the_o say_a king_n be_v wont_a as_o it_o be_v perpetual_o to_o be_v so_o variable_a and_o dissemble_a in_o his_o word_n and_o write_n and_o so_o contrary_a to_o himself_o and_o especial_o in_o write_v to_o the_o pope_n and_o to_o king_n and_o other_o lord_n out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o within_o it_o and_o also_o to_o other_o his_o subject_n that_o no_o man_n live_v that_o know_v his_o condition_n can_v or_o will_v confide_v in_o he_o nay_o he_o be_v repute_v so_o unfaithful_a and_o unconstant_a that_o it_o become_v scandalous_a not_o only_o to_o his_o own_o person_n but_o also_o to_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o especial_o among_o foreigner_n of_o all_o the_o world_n that_o come_v to_o know_v the_o same_o xxvi_o item_n although_o the_o land_n and_o tenement_n the_o good_n and_o chattel_n of_o every_o freeman_n by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n use_v from_o all_o time_n heretofore_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v take_v from_o he_o unless_o they_o be_v forfeit_v yet_o the_o say_a king_n purpose_v and_o long_v to_o weaken_v such_o law_n in_o the_o pretence_n of_o very_a many_o lord_n and_o other_o of_o the_o commonalty_n of_o the_o kingdom_n have_v frequent_o say_v and_o affirm_v that_o the_o life_n of_o every_o one_o of_o his_o subject_n and_o his_o land_n tenement_n good_n and_o chattel_n be_v his_o the_o say_a king_n at_o his_o will_n and_o pleasure_n without_o any_o forfeiture_n which_o be_v utter_o against_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n aforesaid_a xxvii_o item_n although_o it_o be_v fnact_v and_o ordain_v and_o be_v hitherto_o confirm_v that_o no_o freeman_n shall_v be_v take_v etc._n etc._n nor_o any_o way_n destroy_v and_o that_o the_o king_n shall_v not_o pass_v nor_o send_v any_o to_o pass_v upon_o he_o but_o by_o the_o lawful_a judgement_n of_o his_o peer_n or_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n yet_o by_o the_o will_n command_v and_o order_n of_o the_o say_a king_n very_o many_o of_o his_o liege_n people_n be_v malicious_o accuse_v for_o have_v public_o or_o secret_o say_v something_o that_o may_v tend_v to_o the_o disyraise_n scandal_n or_o disgrace_n of_o the_o person_n of_o the_o say_a king_n have_v be_v take_v and_o imprison_v and_o bring_v before_o the_o constable_n and_o marshal_n of_o england_n in_o the_o court_n military_a in_o which_o court_n the_o say_a liege_n people_n be_v accuse_v will_v not_o be_v admit_v to_o make_v any_o other_o answer_n than_o that_o they_o be_v no_o way_n guilty_a and_o will_v justify_v the_o same_o and_o defend_v themselves_o by_o their_o body_n and_o not_o otherwise_o notwithstanding_o their_o appellor_n be_v young_a man_n stout_a and_o lusty_a and_o those_o so_o accuse_v ancient_a and_o impotent_a maim_v or_o infirm_a whereby_o not_o only_a destruction_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o grandee_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o also_o of_o all_o and_o singular_a person_n of_o the_o commonalty_n of_o the_o same_o may_v probable_o ensue_v since_o therefore_o the_o say_a king_n have_v wilful_o act_v contrary_a to_o such_o a_o statute_n of_o his_o kingdom_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v but_o he_o have_v thereby_o incur_v the_o crime_n of_o perjury_n xxviii_o item_n although_o the_o people_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n by_o virtue_n of_o their_o leigeance_n be_v full_o enough_o bind_v to_o their_o king_n and_o the_o say_a king_n by_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o his_o kingdom_n be_v enable_v to_o correct_v and_o punish_v his_o people_n if_o in_o any_o kind_n they_o transgress_v yet_o the_o say_a king_n desire_v to_o trample_v on_o and_o too_o much_o oppress_v his_o people_n that_o he_o may_v the_o more_o free_o execute_v and_o follow_v the_o humour_n of_o his_o foolish_a and_o unlawful_a will_n by_o his_o letter_n to_o all_o the_o county_n of_o his_o kingdom_n do_v enjoin_v and_o command_v that_o all_o his_o subject_n as_o well_o spiritual_a as_o tempâ—ral_a shall_v make_v certain_a oath_n in_o general_n which_o be_v too_o grievous_a to_o they_o and_o which_o may_v probable_o cause_v the_o final_a destruction_n of_o his_o people_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v confirm_v such_o their_o oath_n under_o their_o letter_n and_o seal_n to_o which_o royal_a command_n the_o people_n of_o his_o kingdom_n do_v submit_v and_o pay_v obedience_n that_o they_o may_v not_o incur_v his_o indignation_n or_o displeasure_n and_o also_o for_o fear_v of_o death_n xxix_o item_n when_o party_n contend_v in_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n in_o cause_n mere_o ecclesiastical_a and_o spiritual_a have_v endeavour_v to_o obtain_v from_o the_o chancellor_n of_o england_n prohibition_n to_o hinder_v the_o lawful_a process_n in_o the_o say_a court_n and_o the_o say_a chancellor_n have_v just_o refuse_v to_o grant_v the_o same_o yet_o the_o say_a king_n by_o letter_n under_o his_o signet_n have_v frequent_o prohibit_v the_o ecclesiastical_a judge_n to_o proceed_v in_o such_o cause_n thereby_o evil_o infringe_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o church_n in_o the_o grand_a charter_n approve_v to_o the_o conservation_n whereof_o he_o be_v swear_v and_o damnable_o incur_v perjury_n and_o the_o sentence_n of_o excommunication_n against_o such_o violator_n thereof_o by_o the_o holy_a father_n pronounce_v xxx_o item_n the_o say_a king_n without_o any_o reasonable_a or_o lawful_a cause_n whatsoever_o or_o any_o other_o process_n of_o law_n do_v in_o his_o parliament_n encompass_v in_o warlike_a manner_n by_o arm_a man_n adjudge_v thomas_n of_o arundel_n lord_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n primate_n of_o all_o england_n his_o spiritual_a father_n absent_v himself_o by_o the_o treacherous_a counsel_n of_o the_o say_a king_n to_o banishment_n against_o the_o law_n of_o his_o kingdom_n so_o by_o he_o swear_v to_o as_o aforesaid_a xxxi_o item_n by_o inspection_n of_o the_o testament_n of_o the_o say_a king_n seal_v with_o the_o great_a and_o privy_a seal_n and_o also_o with_o his_o signet_n among_o other_o thing_n there_o be_v contain_v this_o clause_n or_o article_n item_n we_o will_v that_o the_o residue_n of_o our_o gold_n the_o true_a debt_n of_o our_o household_n chamber_n and_o wardrobe_n be_v pay_v for_o payment_n whereof_o we_o bequeath_v twenty_o thousand_o mark_n reserve_v to_o our_o executor_n five_o or_o six_o thousand_o mark_n which_o we_o will_v by_o they_o to_o be_v expend_v towards_o the_o more_o plentiful_a maintenance_n of_o the_o leper_n and_o chaplain_n to_o celebrate_v before_o they_o by_o we_o found_v at_o westminster_n and_o bâ—rmondeseye_n shall_v remain_v to_o our_o successor_n provide_v always_o that_o he_o approve_v ratify_v and_o confirm_v and_o hold_v and_o cause_n to_o be_v hold_v and_o firm_o observe_v all_o and_o singular_a
of_o premunice_n against_o provisor_n and_o the_o abuse_n of_o beg_a friar_n which_o so_o bridle_v and_o restrain_v the_o pope_n rampant_a usurpation_n that_o he_o can_v but_o little_o prevail_v here_o in_o england_n during_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o and_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o towards_o make_v of_o which_o law_n wickliffe_n doctrine_n strike_v a_o great_a stroke_n he_o maintain_v very_o learned_o and_o stout_o the_o king_n jurisdiction_n crown_n and_o dignity_n against_o papal_a and_o all_o kind_n of_o encroachment_n by_o the_o law_n civil_a cannon_n and_o common_a of_o which_o last_v especial_o he_o make_v great_a use_n and_o be_v well_o skilled_a therein_o but_o for_o full_a satisfaction_n concern_v this_o famous_a man_n i_o shall_v here_o add_v the_o testimonial_a of_o the_o university_n give_v in_o his_o behalf_n after_o his_o death_n as_o follow_v viz._n to_o all_o &_o singular_a the_o child_n of_o our_o holy_a mother_n the_o church_n to_o who_o these_o present_n shall_v come_v the_o vicechancellor_n of_o the_o university_n of_o oxford_n with_o the_o whole_a congregation_n of_o the_o master_n wish_v perpetual_a health_n in_o the_o lord_n forasmuch_o as_o it_o be_v not_o common_o see_v â—hat_n the_o act_n and_o monument_n of_o valiant_a man_n nor_o the_o praise_n and_o merit_n of_o good_a man_n shall_v be_v pass_v over_o and_o hide_v with_o perpetual_a silence_n but_o that_o true_a report_n and_o fame_n shall_v continual_o spread_v abroad_o the_o same_o in_o strange_a and_o far_o distant_a place_n both_o in_o testimony_n thereof_o and_o for_o the_o example_n of_o other_o forasmuch_o also_o as_o the_o provident_a discretion_n of_o man_n nature_n have_v devise_v this_o defence_n against_o slander_n that_o when_o ever_o witness_n by_o word_n of_o mouth_n can_v be_v present_a the_o pen_n by_o write_v may_v supply_v the_o same_o therefore_o the_o special_a good_a will_n and_o care_n which_o we_o bear_v unto_o john_n wickliff_n sometime_o child_n of_o this_o our_o university_n and_o professor_n of_o divinity_n moving_z and_o exciting_a our_o mind_n as_o his_o manner_n and_o condition_n require_v no_o less_o with_o one_o mind_n voice_n and_o testimony_n we_o do_v witness_v all_o his_o condition_n and_o do_n throughout_o his_o whole_a life_n to_o have_v be_v most_o sincere_a and_o commendable_a who_o honest_a manner_n good_a disposition_n profoundness_n of_o learning_n and_o most_o redolent_a fame_n we_o desire_v the_o more_o earnest_o to_o be_v notify_v to_o and_o celebrate_v by_o all_o the_o faithful_a for_o that_o we_o understand_v the_o maturity_n and_o ripeness_n of_o his_o conversation_n his_o diligent_a labour_n and_o travel_n tend_v much_o to_o the_o praise_n of_o god_n the_o help_n and_o safeguard_n of_o other_o and_o the_o profit_n of_o truth_n wherefore_o we_o signify_v unto_o you_o by_o these_o present_n that_o his_o conversation_n even_o from_o his_o youth_n upward_o unto_o the_o time_n of_o his_o death_n be_v so_o praiseworthy_a and_o honest_a that_o never_o at_o any_o time_n be_v there_o any_o note_n or_o spot_n of_o suspicion_n noise_v of_o he_o but_o in_o his_o answer_n read_v preach_v and_o determine_v he_o behave_v himself_o laudable_o and_o as_o a_o stout_a champion_n of_o the_o faith_n vanquish_a by_o the_o force_n of_o the_o scripture_n all_o such_o who_o by_o their_o wilful_a beggary_n blaspheme_v and_o slander_v christ_n religion_n neither_o be_v this_o say_a doctor_n convict_v of_o any_o heresy_n or_o burn_v by_o our_o prelate_n note_v his_o bone_n be_v not_o yet_o but_o long_o after_o order_v to_o be_v take_v up_o and_o burn_v by_o the_o council_n of_o constance_n after_o his_o burial_n for_o god_n forbid_v thaâ—_n our_o prelate_n shall_v have_v condemn_v a_o man_n of_o such_o honesty_n 〈◊〉_d a_o heretic_n who_o among_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o university_n have_v write_v in_o logic_n philosophy_n divinity_n morality_n and_o the_o speculative_a art_n beyond_o comparison_n the_o knowledge_n of_o all_o which_o thing_n we_o desire_v to_o testify_v that_o the_o fame_n and_o renown_n of_o this_o say_a doctor_n may_v be_v more_o evident_a and_o have_v in_o repute_n among_o those_o into_o who_o hand_n these_o present_a letter_n testimonial_a shall_v come_v in_o witness_v whereof_o we_o have_v cause_v these_o our_o letter_n testimonial_a to_o be_v seal_v with_o our_o common_a seal_n date_v at_o oxford_n in_o our_o congregation_n house_n the_o 15._o of_o october_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1406._o about_o the_o same_o time_n several_a of_o wickliffs_n follower_n as_o nicholas_z of_o hartford_n john_n aston_n john_n purney_n and_o other_o priest_n be_v much_o trouble_v for_o the_o same_o and_o the_o like_a opinion_n among_o the_o rest_n our_o author_n henry_n de_fw-fr knyghton_n tell_v we_o that_o on_o palm_n sunday_n he_o hear_v one_o at_o leicester_n preach_v these_o horrible_a heresy_n and_o error_n in_o his_o opinion_n follow_v viz._n that_o to_o blabber_n with_o the_o lip_n and_o multiply_v word_n in_o prayer_n signify_v nothing_o that_o to_o give_v money_n for_o celebrate_v of_o mass_n will_v not_o avail_v any_o body_n unless_o he_o lead_v a_o good_a life_n that_o christ_n never_o command_v any_o body_n to_o beg_v that_o no_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o give_v alm_n to_o any_o that_o have_v better_a clothes_n and_o outward_a accommodation_n than_o himself_o that_o none_o be_v true_o a_o prelate_n nor_o capable_a of_o a_o bishopric_n unless_o he_o be_v a_o teacher_n and_o preacher_n that_o money_n get_v by_o confession_n be_v accurse_v and_o as_o well_o the_o giver_n as_o receiver_n excommunicate_a that_o preacher_n carry_v about_o bag_n and_o scripps_n be_v false_a teacher_n since_o christ_n in_o his_o gospel_n command_v the_o contrary_a and_o the_o true_a disciple_n of_o christ_n never_o practise_v it_o that_o for_o those_o to_o beg_v who_o be_v able_a to_o work_n be_v condemn_v by_o the_o law_n civil_a and_o no_o where_o approve_v by_o the_o law_n evangelical_n that_o christ_n convert_v many_o of_o divers_a state_n and_o condition_n to_o the_o faith_n but_o we_o do_v not_o find_v in_o the_o holy_a scripture_n that_o ever_o he_o convert_v a_o priest_n these_o opinion_n spread_v so_o fast_o and_o the_o bishop_n perceive_v that_o yet_o they_o have_v not_o sufficient_a authority_n by_o any_o law_n or_o statute_n of_o this_o realm_n to_o proceed_v unto_o death_n or_o imprisonment_n against_o any_o for_o matter_n of_o religion_n they_o therefore_o solicit_v the_o king_n for_o the_o power_n of_o the_o temporal_a sword_n who_o overcome_v with_o their_o importunity_n or_o perhaps_o incite_v by_o hope_n of_o some_o subsidy_n to_o be_v give_v he_o by_o the_o clergy_n be_v content_a to_o give_v his_o assent_n to_o a_o ordinance_n bear_v the_o name_n of_o a_o act_n make_v in_o the_o parliament_n hold_v at_o westminster_n anno_fw-la quint._n r._n 2._o ca._n 5._o in_o these_o word_n item_n forasmuch_o as_o it_o be_v open_o know_v that_o there_o be_v divers_a evil_a person_n within_o the_o realm_n go_v from_o country_n to_o country_n and_o from_o town_n to_o town_n in_o certain_a habit_n under_o dissimulation_n of_o great_a holiness_n and_o without_o the_o licence_n of_o the_o ordinary_n of_o the_o place_n or_o other_o sufficient_a authority_n preach_v daily_o not_o only_o in_o church_n and_o churchyard_n but_o also_o in_o market_n fair_n and_o open_a place_n where_o a_o great_a congregation_n of_o people_n be_v divers_a sermon_n contain_v heresy_n and_o notorious_a error_n to_o the_o great_a emblemish_v of_o christian_a faith_n and_o destruction_n of_o thr_fw-mi law_n and_o of_o the_o estate_n of_o holy_a church_n to_o the_o great_a peril_n of_o the_o soul_n of_o the_o people_n and_o of_o all_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n as_o more_o plain_o be_v find_v and_o sufficient_o prove_v before_o the_o reverend_a father_n in_o god_n the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o the_o bishop_n and_o other_o prelate_n master_n of_o divinity_n and_o doctor_n of_o the_o canon_n and_o of_o civil_a law_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o clergy_n of_o the_o say_a realm_n special_o assemble_v for_o this_o great_a cause_n which_o person_n do_v also_o preach_v divers_a matter_n of_o slander_n to_o engender_v discord_n and_o dissension_n betwixt_o divers_a estate_n of_o the_o say_a realm_n as_o well_o spiritual_a as_o temporal_a in_o exciting_a of_o the_o people_n to_o the_o great_a peril_n of_o all_o the_o realm_n which_o preacher_n cite_v or_o summon_v before_o the_o ordinary_n of_o the_o place_n there_o to_o answer_v to_o that_o whereof_o they_o be_v impeach_v they_o will_v not_o obey_v their_o summons_n and_o command_n nor_o care_v not_o for_o their_o monition_n nor_o censure_n of_o the_o holy_a church_n but_o express_o despise_v they_o and_o moreover_o by_o their_o subtle_a and_o ingenious_a word_n do_v draw_v the_o people_n to_o hear_v their_o sermon_n and_o do_v
of_o his_o pillow_n be_v nothing_o so_o fierce_a next_o morning_n but_o resolve_v to_o lay_v aside_o the_o thought_n of_o go_v himself_o and_o to_o send_v some_o body_n else_o to_o which_o purpose_n the_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n be_v nominate_v but_o so_o tedious_a in_o make_v preparation_n that_o the_o bishop_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n be_v glad_a to_o leave_v gravel_v have_v first_o dismantle_v and_o destroy_v it_o and_o so_o return_v home_o to_o england_n after_o a_o vast_a treasure_n dissipate_v and_o many_o thousand_o life_n lose_v and_o more_o soul_n cheat_v with_o as_o little_a glory_n as_o he_o set_v forth_o with_o mighty_a expectation_n the_o success_n of_o his_o arm_n be_v suitable_a to_o the_o ridiculous_a occasion_n of_o they_o and_o what_o be_v yet_o worse_o for_o the_o haughty_a prelate_n soon_o after_o his_o come_n home_o in_o a_o parliament_n hold_v at_o london_n about_o alhallontide_n all_o his_o temporality_n be_v seize_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n for_o his_o 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majesty_n and_o usurp_v the_o crown_n but_o the_o king_n advise_v about_o the_o same_o only_a with_o certain_a young_a favourite_n the_o duke_n obtain_v notice_n of_o the_o charge_n and_o clear_v or_o seem_v to_o clear_v himself_o so_o much_o to_o the_o king_n satisfaction_n that_o the_o poor_a friar_n be_v commit_v to_o custody_n and_o it_o be_v say_v on_o the_o evening_n before_o the_o hear_a shall_v have_v be_v be_v most_o crue_o murder_v who_o information_n if_o real_a show_v what_o aâ—_n opportunity_n the_o king_n slip_v of_o prevent_v his_o after_o misfortune_n and_o that_o some_o time_n it_o prove_v even_o more_o dangerous_a to_o discover_v treason_n than_o to_o act_v they_o which_o yet_o shall_v discourage_v no_o good_a subject_n from_o the_o discharge_n of_o his_o duty_n but_o possible_o this_o whole_a accusation_n or_o the_o relation_n of_o such_o a_o thing_n may_v be_v a_o contrivance_n of_o the_o duke_n enemy_n to_o render_v he_o suspect_v to_o the_o king_n and_o odious_a to_o the_o people_n for_o it_o it_o be_v certain_a they_o enter_v not_o many_o month_n after_o into_o a_o formal-design_n against_o his_o life_n the_o occasion_n whereof_o i_o do_v not_o find_v mention_v by_o author_n but_o only_o that_o the_o king_n by_o the_o instigation_n of_o his_o young_a cabal-council_n have_v conceive_v displeasure_n against_o he_o and_o that_o they_o have_v conspire_v to_o take_v away_o the_o say_v duke_n life_n in_o order_n whereunto_o certain_a crime_n be_v suggest_v appellor_n prepare_v and_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v sudden_o arrest_v and_o bring_v before_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n trysilian_n who_o have_v bold_o untertaken_v to_o pronounce_v sentence_n upon_o he_o according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o matter_n to_o be_v object_v though_o by_o law_n he_o can_v not_o be_v try_v but_o by_o his_o peer_n and_o so_o execution_n shall_v immediate_o have_v follow_v but_o the_o duke_n be_v fore_o warn_v of_o these_o contrivance_n 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say_a castle_n in_o the_o year_n 1385_o the_o french_a make_v great_a preparation_n for_o the_o invade_v of_o england_n and_o to_o facilitate_v the_o attempt_n by_o a_o diversion_n â—end_n the_o admiral_n of_o france_n with_o a_o considerable_a force_n into_o scotland_n the_o common_a backdoor_n at_o which_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o infest_v we_o of_o which_o king_n richard_n have_v notice_n raise_v a_o mighty_a army_n and_o by_o speedy_a march_n pierce_v into_o the_o heart_n of_o scotland_n and_o reduce_v their_o chief_a city_n edinburgh_n into_o ash_n as_o a_o bonfire_n to_o give_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n notice_n of_o his_o arrival_n and_o challenge_v they_o to_o battle_n but_o they_o decline_v it_o and_o victual_n grow_v very_o scarce_o the_o king_n think_v fit_a to_o return_v homeward_o the_o rather_o for_o that_o the_o scot_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n have_v enter_v nothumberland_n and_o besiege_v carlisle_n but_o hear_v of_o the_o king_n approach_n flee_v back_o into_o scotland_n during_o this_o expedition_n the_o lord_n john_n holland_n the_o king_n brother_n by_o the_o mother_n side_n near_z york_z kill_v the_o elder_a son_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o stafford_n for_o which_o he_o flee_v and_o the_o king_n be_v so_o high_o incense_v that_o he_o cause_v all_o his_o good_n to_o be_v confiscate_v the_o king_n mother_n intercede_v for_o he_o but_o can_v not_o be_v hear_v and_o resent_v the_o denial_n so_o heavy_o that_o soon_o after_o she_o die_v at_o a_o parliament_n the_o latter_a end_n of_o this_o year_n the_o laity_n grant_v the_o king_n one_o fifteen_o and_o a_o half_a upon_o condition_n that_o the_o clergy_n will_v give_v a_o ten_o and_o a_o half_a who_o take_v this_o articulate_v of_o the_o commons_o in_o grievous_a dudgeon_n protest_v that_o the_o laity_n shall_v not_o charge_v they_o and_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n be_v so_o hot_a as_o to_o declare_v he_o will_v rather_o venture_v his_o head_n in_o this_o cause_n than_o that_o the_o holy_a church_n of_o england_n shall_v thus_o truckle_n whereupon_o the_o commons_o and_o many_o of_o the_o temporal_a lord_n begin_v to_o bid_v battle_n to_o the_o clergy_n temporality_n say_v they_o be_v grow_v to_o that_o excess_n of_o pride_n that_o it_o will_v be_v a_o work_n of_o piety_n and_o charity_n to_o clip_v their_o wing_n and_o reduce_v they_o to_o a_o humility_n suitable_a to_o their_o profession_n the_o clergy_n at_o this_o be_v not_o a_o little_a alarm_v and_o to_o prevent_v the_o worst_a make_v a_o voluntary_a offer_n of_o a_o ten_o to_o the_o king_n and_o so_o the_o dispute_n be_v rock_v to_o sleep_v also_o during_o this_o parliament_n the_o king_n confer_v several_a honour_n create_v his_o uncle_n thomas_n of_o woodstock_n who_o before_o be_v earl_n of_o buckingham_n duke_n of_o gloucester_n and_o his_o other_o uncle_n edmund_n of_o langley_n before_o the_o earl_n of_o cambridge_n duke_n of_o york_n with_o who_o too_o he_o prefer_v his_o pernicious_a favourite_n as_o 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themselves_o appear_v more_o like_o those_o savage_n which_o they_o be_v to_o represent_v have_v get_v on_o strait_a garment_n close_o to_o their_o body_n cover_v over_o with_o tâ—we_n which_o be_v fix_v on_o with_o rosin_n and_o pitch_n to_o make_v it_o stick_v the_o fast_o now_o when_o they_o be_v busy_a in_o the_o midst_n of_o their_o dance_n by_o torchlight_n a_o villain_n suborn_v by_o the_o duke_n clap_v a_o flambeau_n among_o they_o as_o if_o do_v by_o accident_n whereby_o in_o a_o instant_n the_o tow_n and_o other_o combustibles_n take_v fire_n but_o a_o lady_n see_v the_o danger_n snatch_v away_o the_o king_n before_o the_o flame_n seize_v he_o whilst_o four_o of_o the_o other_o masker_n notwithstanding_o all_o the_o help_v imaginable_a be_v use_v be_v immediate_o burn_v to_o death_n in_o england_n the_o lord_n tho._n pierey_n be_v make_v the_o king_n steward_n and_o sir_n william_n scroop_z chamberlain_z a_o person_n say_v our_o author_n than_o who_o in_o all_o mankind_n 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it_o be_v but_o time_n to_o send_v they_o pack_v for_o such_o multitude_n be_v come_v over_o in_o hope_n of_o gain_n that_o they_o have_v leave_v the_o english_a pale_a in_o ireland_n almost_o quite_o desolate_a so_o that_o the_o natural_a wild_a irish_a not_o yet_o conquer_a take_v thereby_o a_o advantage_n destroy_v or_o pillage_v the_o few_o subject_n the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v remain_v there_o at_o their_o pleasure_n and_o whereas_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o when_o he_o settle_v his_o court_n of_o justice_n etc._n etc._n in_o that_o country_n receive_v from_o thence_o to_o his_o exchequer_n thirty_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la the_o same_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o want_n of_o inhabitant_n be_v not_o only_o lose_v but_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o king_n force_v to_o be_v out_o of_o pocket_n thirty_o thousand_o mark_n every_o year_n in_o the_o necessary_a defence_n of_o his_o territory_n there_o effectual_o to_o redress_v which_o the_o king_n in_o person_n about_o michaelmas_n sail_v into_o ireland_n attend_v with_o the_o duke_n of_o gloucester_n the_o earl_n of_o march_n nottingham_n rutland_n etc._n etc._n the_o irish_a unable_a to_o cope_v with_o so_o great_a a_o force_n endeavour_v only_o to_o weary_v he_o with_o alarm_n ambuscadoe_n and_o skirmish_n but_o at_o last_o divers_a of_o their_o petty_a prince_n be_v glad_a to_o submit_v to_o king_n richard_n of_o who_o some_o he_o keep_v as_o hostage_n for_o security_n other_o he_o dismiss_v upon_o parole_n and_o for_o the_o better_a settlement_n of_o affair_n assemble_v a_o parliament_n for_o ireland_n at_o dublin_n and_o continue_v in_o that_o kingdom_n till_o after_o easter_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n anno_fw-la 1395_o the_o duke_n of_o york_n guardian_n of_o england_n during_o the_o king_n absence_n call_v a_o parliament_n at_o london_n eight_o day_n after_o twelfth-tide_n unto_o which_o be_v send_v from_o ireland_n the_o duke_n of_o gloucester_n who_o so_o zealous_o represent_v the_o king_n necessity_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o vast_a expense_n he_o have_v be_v at_o in_o this_o necessary_a and_o no_o less_o advantageous_a than_o honourable_a expedition_n into_o ireland_n that_o the_o clergy_n be_v content_a to_o present_v his_o majesty_n with_o a_o ten_o and_o the_o commonalty_n with_o a_o fifteen_o but_o not_o without_o a_o protestation_n first_o make_v that_o they_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o grant_v the_o same_o de_fw-fr stricto_fw-la jure_fw-la but_o do_v it_o pure_o out_o of_o their_o affection_n to_o their_o king_n the_o lollard_n so_o call_v as_o tritemius_fw-la say_v from_o walter_n lollard_n a_o german_n who_o flourish_v about_o the_o year_n 1315._o or_o as_o other_o think_v from_o lolium_fw-la signify_v darnel_n or_o tare_n for_o be_v follower_n and_o disciple_n of_o wickeliff_n the_o clergy_n and_o especial_o the_o monk_n and_o friar_n be_v not_o want_v to_o brand_v they_o with_o ill_a name_n and_o repute_v they_o as_o the_o tare_n sow_v by_o the_o evil_a one_o in_o the_o field_n of_o god_n church_n do_v about_o this_o time_n public_o affix_v on_o the_o door_n of_o s._n paul_n church_n accusation_n of_o the_o clergy_n charge_v they_o with_o sundry_a abomination_n and_o also_o divers_a conclusion_n touch_v ecclesiastical_a person_n and_o the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o church_n at_o which_o the_o bishop_n be_v much_o disturb_v and_o according_a to_o their_o usual_a method_n instead_o of_o clear_v themselves_o and_o confute_v their_o adversary_n by_o scripture_n or_o reason_n endeavour_v to_o silence_v they_o by_o club-law_n dispatch_v away_o the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n and_o bishop_n of_o london_n into_o ireland_n to_o the_o king_n entreat_v he_o to_o hasten_v his_o return_n to_o succour_v faith_n and_o holy_a church_n that_o be_v both_o like_a to_o be_v undo_v by_o the_o heretic_n who_o be_v contrive_v how_o to_o take_v away_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o whole_a church_n and_o overthrow_v all_o the_o canonical_a sanction_n upon_o 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inferior_a clergy_n grumble_v not_o a_o little_a and_o complain_v thereof_o as_o unreasonable_a yet_o they_o be_v general_o force_v to_o submit_v unto_o it_o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1396_o the_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n to_o who_o the_o king_n have_v give_v the_o duchy_n of_o aquitain_n and_o who_o have_v be_v at_o inestimable_a charge_n in_o those_o part_n to_o conciliate_v to_o himself_o the_o affection_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n no_o soon_o have_v obtain_v the_o same_o but_o he_o be_v sudden_o recall_v from_o thence_o by_o the_o king_n command_n to_o which_o though_o it_o seem_v no_o less_o hard_a than_o unexpected_a the_o duke_n pay_v a_o punctual_a obedience_n and_o be_v receive_v if_o not_o with_o love_n yet_o at_o least_o with_o a_o show_n of_o honour_n by_o the_o king_n from_o who_o have_v obtain_v licence_n to_o depart_v the_o court_n he_o hasten_v to_o lincoln_n and_o there_o to_o the_o admiration_n of_o all_o the_o world_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o disparity_n of_o their_o quality_n be_v marry_v to_o katherine_n swinford_n who_o for_o divers_a year_n before_o have_v be_v his_o mistress_n this_o year_n also_o the_o pope_n write_v to_o the_o king_n entreat_v he_o to_o assist_v the_o prelate_n of_o the_o church_n in_o the_o cause_n of_o god_n and_o of_o he_o the_o say_a king_n and_o his_o kingdom_n against_o the_o lollard_n who_o he_o declare_v to_o be_v traitor_n not_o only_o to_o the_o church_n but_o likewise_o to_o the_o king_n and_o therefore_o do_v most_o earnest_o press_v he_o that_o whosoever_o the_o bishop_n shall_v declare_v to_o be_v heretic_n he_o will_v forthwith_o condemn_v by_o his_o royal_a authority_n but_o it_o seem_v the_o king_n be_v too_o busy_a otherwise_o to_o attend_v his_o holiness_n command_n and_o to_o do_v his_o prelate_n drudgery_n in_o butcher_v of_o heretic_n for_o he_o be_v make_v mighty_a preparation_n for_o a_o voyage_n not_o of_o war_n but_o of_o galiantry_n into_o france_n where_o
same_o be_v very_o expedient_a do_v each_o man_n single_o by_o himself_o and_o in_o common_a with_o the_o people_n unanimous_o admit_v the_o say_a session_n and_o renunciation_n after_o which_o admission_n it_o be_v then_o and_o there_o public_o declare_v that_o beside_o such_o session_n and_o renunciation_n so_o as_o aforesaid_a admit_v it_o will_v be_v very_o expedient_a and_o profitable_a to_o the_o kingdom_n for_o the_o remove_n of_o all_o scruple_n and_o take_v away_o sinister_a suspicion_n that_o very_o many_o crime_n and_o defect_n by_o the_o say_a king_n about_o the_o ill_a governance_n of_o his_o kingdom_n very_o often_o commit_v reduce_v into_o write_v by_o way_n of_o article_n by_o reason_n of_o which_o as_o himself_o affirm_v in_o the_o session_n by_o he_o make_v he_o be_v deserve_o to_o be_v depose_v shall_v be_v public_o read_v and_o declare_v to_o the_o people_n and_o so_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o say_a article_n be_v then_o and_o there_o read_v through_o the_o tenor_n of_o all_o which_o article_n be_v such_o but_o yet_o in_o the_o roll_n before_o the_o article_n there_o be_v first_o these_o word_n here_n follow_v the_o form_n of_o the_o oath_n use_v and_o accustom_v to_o be_v take_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n at_o their_o coronation_n which_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n have_v use_v to_o require_v and_o receive_v from_o the_o say_a king_n as_o in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o pontifical_a archbishop_n and_o bishop_n more_o full_o be_v contain_v which_o oath_n richard_n the_o second_o after_o the_o conquest_n of_o england_n do_v take_v at_o his_o coronation_n and_o the_o same_o be_v administer_v by_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o the_o very_a same_o oath_n the_o king_n afterward_o repeat_v as_o in_o the_o roll_n of_o the_o chancery_n may_v more_o full_o be_v find_v of_o record_n thou_o shall_v keep_v to_o the_o church_n of_o god_n and_o people_n entire_a peace_n and_o concord_n in_o god_n according_a to_o thy_o power_n the_o king_n shall_v answer_v i_o will_v keep_v they_o thou_o shall_v in_o all_o thy_o judgement_n cause_n to_o be_v do_v equal_a and_o right_a justice_n and_o discretion_n in_o mercy_n and_o in_o truth_n according_a to_o thy_o power_n he_o shall_v answer_v i_o will_v do_v so_o thou_o do_v grant_v the_o just_a law_n and_o custom_n as_o shall_v be_v hold_v and_o do_v promise_v the_o same_o shall_v by_o thou_o be_v protect_v and_o for_o the_o honour_n of_o god_n corroborate_v quas_fw-la vulgus_fw-la elegerit_fw-la which_o the_o people_n shall_v choose_v to_o the_o utmost_a of_o thy_o power_n he_o shall_v answer_v i_o do_v so_o grant_v and_o promise_n to_o the_o aforesaid_a question_n such_o other_o be_v add_v as_o shall_v be_v just_a and_o all_o thing_n be_v so_o pronounce_v the_o king_n by_o his_o own_o oath_n on_o the_o altar_n before_o all_o the_o assembly_n confirm_v and_o promise_v that_o he_o will_v 〈◊〉_d and_o observe_v the_o same_o then_o follow_v the_o objection_n or_o article_n against_o the_o king_n touch_v his_o deposition_n imprimis_fw-la it_o be_v object_v against_o king_n richard_n that_o whereas_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o ill_a government_n viz._n his_o give_v away_o the_o good_n and_o possession_n belong_v to_o his_o crown_n and_o that_o to_o person_n unworthy_a and_o his_o indiscreet_a squander_v the_o same_o away_o otherwise_o adn_o to_o that_o end_n impose_v without_o cause_n collection_n and_o other_o grievous_a burden_n on_o his_o people_n more_o than_o they_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v and_o also_o innumerable_a other_o evil_n by_o his_o assent_n and_o command_v perpetrate_v there_o be_v by_o the_o whole_a parliament_n certain_a prelate_n and_o other_o temporal_a lord_n elect_v and_o assign_v who_o may_v with_o all_o their_o power_n and_o at_o their_o own_o charge_n faithful_o labour_n about_o the_o just_a government_n of_o the_o realm_n yet_o the_o king_n cause_v a_o conventicle_n to_o be_v hold_v by_o he_o with_o his_o accomplice_n the_o say_a lord_n as_o well_o spiritual_a as_o temporal_a so_o occupy_v about_o the_o safety_n and_o profit_n of_o the_o kingdom_n do_v propose_v to_o impeach_v of_o high_a treason_n and_o do_v violent_o draw_v the_o judge_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o fear_v of_o death_n and_o corporal_a torture_n to_o such_o his_o wicked_a purpose_n most_o vigorous_o strive_v to_o destroy_v the_o say_a lord_n ii_o item_n the_o say_a king_n late_o at_o shrâ—wsbury_n cause_v several_a and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o judge_n to_o come_v before_o he_o and_o his_o favourite_n private_o in_o a_o chamber_n and_o by_o menace_n and_o various_a terror_n as_o such_o affrightment_n as_o may_v fall_v even_o upon_o man_n of_o constant_a resolution_n do_v induce_v cause_n and_o compel_v they_o several_o to_o answer_v certain_a question_n there_o propound_v on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o king_n concern_v the_o law_n of_o his_o kingdom_n beside_o and_o against_o their_o will_n and_o otherwise_o than_o they_o will_v have_v answer_v have_v they_o be_v at_o liberty_n and_o unforced_a by_o colour_n of_o which_o answer_v the_o say_a king_n purpose_v to_o have_v proceed_v afterward_o to_o the_o destruction_n of_o thomas_n duke_n of_o gloucester_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o arundel_n and_o warwick_n and_o other_o lord_n against_o who_o deed_n and_o behaviour_n the_o say_a king_n be_v much_o incense_v chief_o because_o they_o desire_v the_o say_a king_n to_o be_v under_o good_a guidance_n but_o providence_n withstand_v it_o by_o the_o resistance_n and_o power_n of_o the_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n be_v not_o able_a to_o bring_v such_o his_o design_n to_o effect_v iii_o item_n when_o the_o lord_n temporal_a defend_v themselves_o have_v withstand_v his_o malice_n and_o fraud_n and_o the_o say_a king_n have_v prefix_v a_o day_n for_o hold_v his_o parliament_n to_o do_v they_o and_o other_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o realm_n justice_n in_o that_o behalf_n and_o the_o say_v temporal_a lord_n be_v quiet_o and_o peaceable_o go_v home_o and_o at_o rest_n in_o their_o house_n in_o hope_n and_o confidence_n of_o the_o say_a parliament_n the_o king_n secret_o send_v the_o duke_n of_o ireland_n with_o his_o letter_n and_o standard_n towards_o chester_n and_o there_o gather_v multitude_n in_o arm_n and_o cause_v they_o to_o rise_v against_o the_o say_a lord_n the_o noble_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o servant_n of_o the_o state_n public_o erect_v his_o standard_n against_o the_o peace_n which_o he_o have_v swear_v to_o keep_v from_o whence_o slaughter_n of_o man_n captivity_n dissension_n and_o other_o infinite_a mischief_n do_v ensue_v throughout_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n by_o which_o act_n he_o become_v guilty_a of_o perjury_n iv._o item_n although_o the_o say_a king_n have_v in_o full_a parliament_n and_o by_o the_o assent_n thereof_o pardon_v the_o say_a duke_n of_o gloucester_n and_o earl_n of_o arundel_n and_o warwick_n and_o all_o their_o assistant_n and_o other_o all_o offence_n and_o have_v for_o many_o year_n show_v sign_n of_o peace_n and_o love_n to_o the_o say_a duke_n and_o earl_n and_o to_o the_o rest_n appear_v with_o a_o pleasant_a and_o benign_a countenance_n yet_o the_o say_a king_n always_o and_o continual_o bear_v gall_n in_o his_o heart_n do_v at_o last_o take_v a_o opportunity_n cause_n the_o say_a duke_n of_o gloucester_n the_o uncle_n of_o he_o the_o say_a king_n and_o also_o the_o son_n of_o edward_n late_a king_n of_o england_n of_o happy_a memory_n and_o constable_n of_o england_n then_o humble_o go_v to_o meet_v the_o say_a king_n in_o solemn_a procession_n and_o the_o say_a earl_n of_o arundel_n and_o wâ—â—â—ick_a to_o be_v take_v and_o arrest_v and_o he_o the_o say_a duke_n out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n to_o the_o town_n of_o calais_n do_v cause_n to_o be_v lead_v and_o there_o imprison_v and_o under_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o nottingham_n and_o of_o the_o appellor_n of_o the_o say_a duke_n detain_v and_o without_o answer_n or_o any_o lawful_a process_n whatsoever_o do_v inhumane_o and_o cruel_o cause_n to_o be_v suffocate_v strangle_v and_o murder_v and_o the_o earl_n of_o arundel_n though_o he_o plead_v as_o well_o the_o general_n pardon_v as_o a_o pardon_n afterward_o to_o he_o special_o grant_v and_o desire_a justice_n to_o be_v do_v he_o yet_o in_o his_o parliament_n encompass_v with_o arm_a man_n and_o innumerable_a archer_n of_o the_o people_n by_o he_o gather_v to_o that_o purpose_n by_o press_v do_v damnable_o cause_n to_o be_v behead_v and_o the_o earl_n of_o warwick_n and_o lord_n cobham_n do_v commit_v to_o perpetual_a imprisonment_n wicked_o and_o against_o justice_n and_o the_o law_n of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o his_o express_a oath_n confiscate_v their_o land_n and_o tenement_n as_o well_o fee-simple_n as_o fee-tail_n from_o they_o and_o their_o heir_n and_o give_v the_o same_o to_o their_o appellor_n v._o