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cause_n duke_n great_a king_n 3,144 5 4.0015 3 true
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A02895 The pageant of popes contayninge the lyues of all the bishops of Rome, from the beginninge of them to the yeare of Grace 1555. Deuided into iii. sortes bishops, archbishops, and popes, vvhereof the two first are contayned in two bookes, and the third sort in fiue. In the vvhich is manifestlye shevved the beginning of Antichriste and increasing to his fulnesse, and also the vvayning of his povver againe, accordinge to the prophecye of Iohn in the Apocalips. ... Written in Latin by Maister Bale, and now Englished with sondrye additions by I.S.; Acta Romanorum pontificum. English Bale, John, 1495-1563.; Studley, John, 1545?-1590? 1574 (1574) STC 1304; ESTC S100602 276,183 440

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year_n after_o our_o redemption_n peter_n go_v not_o to_o rome_n but_o continue_v about_o jerusalem_n save_v once_o that_o he_o go_v to_o samaria_n for_o a_o season_n till_o the_o conversion_n of_o paul_n 8._o as_o appear_v by_o all_o the_o discourse_n of_o the_o act_n of_o the_o apostle_n till_o you_o come_v to_o the_o nine_o chapter_n thereof_o which_o because_o it_o be_v easy_a there_o to_o find_v tedious_a to_o be_v set_v down_o at_o large_a and_o nothing_o doubt_v of_o i_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o diligence_n of_o the_o reader_n who_o shall_v plain_o perceive_v that_o peter_n be_v still_o in_o judea_n to_o the_o conversion_n of_o paul_n which_o be_v in_o the_o second_o year_n after_o the_o death_n of_o christ_n the_o year_n of_o thincarnation_n 35._o for_o niceph._n say_v that_o he_o preach_v 35._o year_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 34._o and_o he_o die_v in_o the_o last_o year_n of_o nero_n be_v the_o 70._o year_n of_o thincarnation_n from_o which_o take_v 35._o and_o the_o remain_n be_v as_o much_o so_o that_o in_o the_o 35._o year_n of_o christ_n paul_n be_v convert_v ¶_o peter_n not_o at_o rome_n from_o the_o year_n of_o the_o incarnation_n 35._o to_o the_o year_n 38._o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 37._o pilate_n as_o eusebius_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 2._o and_o vspergensis_n testify_v write_v his_o letter_n to_o tiberius_n concern_v christ_n his_o doctrine_n divine_a miracle_n death_n &_o resurrection_n whereupon_o the_o emperor_n command_v that_o christ_n shall_v be_v place_v among_o the_o god_n of_o rome_n if_o peter_n now_o have_v be_v bishop_n at_o rome_n or_o a_o year_n before_o this_o have_v not_o be_v so_o strange_a news_n to_o the_o emperor_n neither_o have_v pilate_n letter_n prevayl_v so_o much_o with_o the_o emperor_n touch_v christ_n as_o the_o doctrine_n and_o miracle_n which_o peter_n will_v for_o confirm_v of_o the_o faith_n have_v do_v in_o the_o name_n of_o jesus_n the_o year_n follow_v be_v the_o 38._o be_v the_o third_o year_n from_o the_o conversion_n of_o paul_n in_o which_o year_n paul_n return_v to_o jerusalem_n &_o find_v peter_n there_o as_o be_v testify_v in_o the_o first_o to_o the_o galathians_n which_o come_v of_o paul_n be_v specefy_v in_o the_o nine_o of_o the_o act_n ¶_o from_o the_o year_n 38._o to_o the_o year_n 46._o after_o paul_n have_v be_v a_o while_n in_o jerusalem_n he_o be_v send_v away_o to_o tarsus_n 9_o and_o at_o that_o time_n s._n luke_n say_v that_o the_o church_n have_v peace_n throughout_o all_o judea_n galilye_n and_o samaria_n and_o that_o peter_n do_v walk_v over_o all_o those_o country_n where_o they_o procee_v in_o the_o fear_n of_o god_n the_o beleve_v multiply_v how_o many_o year_n peter_n spend_v in_o these_o country_n it_o be_v not_o evident_a but_o immediate_o from_o thence_o he_o do_v ascend_v to_o lydda_n and_o there_o heal_v aeneas_n who_o have_v be_v lame_a eight_o year_n the_o fame_n of_o which_o miracle_n draw_v thither_o all_o the_o inhabitor_n of_o lydda_n and_o sarona_n who_o by_o peter_n preach_v be_v all_o convert_v to_o the_o lord_n these_o thing_n do_v argue_v that_o peter_n make_v some_o abode_n in_o lydda_n also_o immediate_o from_o thence_o he_o go_v to_o joppa_n where_o he_o reviue_v tabytha_n and_o tarry_v at_o joppa_n with_o simon_n the_o tanner_n a_o long_a season_n from_o thence_o he_o go_v forthwith_o to_o cornelius_n the_o centurion_n at_o caesarea_n 10._o where_o he_o preach_v and_o baptize_v those_o that_o be_v convert_v and_o there_o also_o he_o be_v entreat_v to_o tarry_v for_o a_o time_n from_o thence_o he_o come_v to_o jerusalem_n 11._o where_o he_o continue_v till_o he_o be_v imprison_v by_o herode_fw-la be_v deliver_v by_o god_n angel_n and_o be_v set_v at_o liberty_n 12._o show_v himself_o secret_o to_o the_o congregation_n at_o the_o house_n of_o mary_n and_o then_o convey_v himself_o away_o and_o this_o be_v do_v as_o appear_v by_o luke_n the_o same_o year_n that_o herode_fw-la or_o agrippa_n have_v reign_v 7._o year_n 7_o die_v afterward_o at_o caesarea_n strike_v by_o god_n angel_n who_o be_v as_o josephus_n say_v release_v out_o of_o prison_n and_o make_v king_n there_o by_o caligula_n reign_v in_o all_o seven_o year_n caligula_n will_v have_v restore_v this_o agrippa_n to_o his_o liberty_n 8._o as_o soon_o as_o he_o himself_o come_v to_o the_o empire_n even_o the_o same_o day_n that_o the_o solemnity_n be_v keep_v for_o the_o burial_n of_o his_o predecessor_n tiberius_n but_o say_v josephus_n antonia_n the_o wife_n of_o caligula_n give_v he_o counsel_v that_o he_o shall_v no_o do_v so_o but_o pause_v a_o while_n long_o not_o because_o she_o be_v loath_a that_o agrippa_n shall_v be_v at_o liberty_n but_o because_o the_o emperor_n by_o deliver_v of_o he_o so_o speedy_o shall_v be_v think_v that_o he_o do_v it_o in_o despite_n of_o tiberius_n who_o have_v commit_v he_o to_o prison_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v defer_v for_o a_o season_n &_o at_o length_n he_o be_v deliver_v then_o the_o next_o year_n agrippa_n crave_v leave_v of_o caligula_n to_o go_v into_o judaea_n to_o his_o kingdom_n which_o be_v grant_v he_o so_o that_o by_o this_o computation_n it_o may_v easy_o appear_v that_o whereas_o agrippa_n as_o joseph_n say_v die_v in_o the_o seven_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n this_o seven_o year_n do_v arise_v to_o the_o four_o year_n of_o claudius_n who_o do_v next_o succeed_v caligula_n thus_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o herode_fw-la or_o agrippa_n as_o joseph_n call_v he_o die_v in_o the_o 46._o year_n of_o the_o incarnation_n and_o that_o the_o same_o year_n peter_n be_v prisoner_n at_o jerusalem_n as_o be_v say_v before_o and_o not_o bishop_n at_o rome_n another_o reason_n to_o prove_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v this_o year_n may_v be_v this_o s._n luke_n in_o the_o twelve_o chapter_n of_o the_o act_n say_v that_o this_o herode_fw-la have_v conceive_v displeasure_n against_o the_o tirians_n and_o sidonian_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o after_o the_o same_o easter_n that_o peter_n be_v imprison_v he_o go_v down_o from_o jerusalem_n to_o caesarea_n whether_o the_o tirians_n and_o sidonian_n come_v unto_o he_o and_o by_o the_o intercession_n of_o blastus_n the_o king_n chamberlain_n they_o sue_v for_o peace_n at_o his_o hand_n because_o say_v luke_n in_o the_o 20._o verse_n of_o the_o 12._o chapter_n of_o the_o act_n their_o country_n be_v nourish_v by_o the_o king_n country_n signifi_v that_o the_o provision_n of_o king_n agrippa_n aid_v their_o necessity_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o famine_n be_v then_o this_o dearth_n &_o famine_n be_v that_o whereof_o agabus_n the_o prophet_n do_v prophecy_n at_o antioch_n which_o say_v luke_n act_n the_o xi_o come_v to_o pass_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o claudius_n and_o as_o other_o author_n have_v note_v it_o be_v in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o claudius_n so_o say_v vsper_n gensis_fw-la thus_o we_o see_v that_o yet_o to_o this_o four_o year_n of_o claudius_n by_o which_o time_n at_o the_o uttermost_a peter_n shall_v not_o only_o be_v at_o rome_n but_o begin_v his_o regiment_n over_o the_o church_n he_o be_v yet_o at_o jerusalem_n which_o be_v 1600._o mile_n from_o rome_n but_o because_o that_o luke_n say_v after_o that_o he_o be_v deliver_v by_o the_o angel_n out_o of_o prison_n and_o after_o that_o he_o have_v signify_v his_o delivery_n to_o mary_n he_o convey_v himself_o away_o from_o thence_o i_o will_v proceed_v to_o examine_v whether_o he_o go_v not_o now_o from_o jerusalem_n to_o rome_n and_o therefore_o go_v to_o the_o two_o year_n that_o ensue_v next_o ¶_o anno_fw-la 48_o and_o 49._o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 49._o peter_n be_v at_o jerusalem_n for_o this_o year_n the_o counsel_n be_v hold_v at_o jerusalem_n mention_v in_o the_o xv_o of_o the_o act_n at_o which_o synod_n peter_n be_v present_a and_o make_v a_o oration_n as_o be_v show_v in_o the_o seven_o verse_n of_o the_o say_a chapter_n but_o now_o it_o remain_v to_o be_v prove_v that_o this_o synod_n be_v at_o this_o time_n for_o proof_n hereof_o saint_n paul_n speak_v of_o his_o come_n to_o this_o counsel_n in_o the_o second_o chapter_n to_o the_o galathians_n say_v then_o after_o 14._o year_n i_o come_v again_o up_o to_o jerusalem_n and_o barnabas_n with_o i_o etc._n etc._n by_o the_o rest_n that_o follow_v it_o be_v evident_a that_o paul_n signify_v his_o come_n to_o this_o counsel_n and_o not_o any_o other_o time_n of_o his_o repair_n to_o jerusalem_n and_o so_o also_o do_v s._n hierome_n understande_v it_o which_o be_v xiiii_o year_n after_o the_o conversion_n of_o paul_n fall_v out_o to_o be_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 49._o &_o the_o seven_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o claudius_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o former_a table_n and_o yet_o be_v peter_n
thincarnation_n 60._o paul_n as_o be_v say_v be_v prisoner_n at_o rome_n who_o for_o the_o time_n of_o his_o abode_n there_o so_o plant_v the_o gospel_n that_o at_o his_o depart_n from_o thence_o he_o leave_v great_a fruit_n thereof_o and_o such_o in_o deed_n as_o if_o peter_n have_v succeed_v paul_n within_o two_o three_o or_o four_o year_n and_o there_o supply_v the_o room_n of_o a_o bishop_n cornelius_n tacitus_n speak_v of_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o christian_n in_o rome_n about_o the_o year_n 67._o be_v but_o seven_o year_n after_o paul_n departure_n shall_v not_o have_v have_v cause_n so_o soon_o to_o say_v as_o he_o do_v y_fw-fr by_o that_o time_n the_o christian_a religion_n be_v repress_v for_o vspergensis_n say_v that_o in_o the_o 67._o year_n nero_n do_v set_v rome_n on_o fire_n of_o the_o which_o cornelius_n tacitus_n writing_n lib._n 15._o augustae_fw-la historiae_fw-la say_v ergo_fw-la abolendo_fw-la rumori_fw-la nero_n subdidit_fw-la reos_fw-la etc._n etc._n therefore_o nero_n to_o stop_v the_o rumour_n of_o his_o set_v the_o city_n on_o fire_n suborn_v guilty_a person_n and_o execute_v with_o strange_a punishment_n those_o who_o the_o vulgar_a people_n detest_a for_o their_o wickedness_n do_v call_v christian_n that_o mischevous_a superstition_n be_v repress_v till_o now_o break_v out_o again_o etc._n etc._n therefore_o first_o they_o be_v take_v that_o confess_v it_o afterward_o by_o their_o accusation_n a_o huge_a multitude_n not_o so_o much_o for_o that_o they_o be_v guilty_a of_o fyre_v the_o city_n as_o for_o hatred_n be_v condemn_v and_o be_v put_v to_o death_n with_o great_a despite_n some_o encase_v in_o the_o skin_n of_o wild_a beast_n that_o they_o may_v be_v tear_v in_o piece_n with_o dog_n some_o crucify_a some_o be_v burn_v to_o give_v light_n in_o the_o night_n time_n etc._n etc._n these_o be_v the_o word_n of_o tacitus_n notwithstanding_o as_o it_o appear_v he_o be_v a_o blasphemer_n of_o the_o name_n of_o christ_n by_o these_o word_n of_o he_o it_o appear_v that_o now_o christianity_n begin_v to_o revive_v and_o that_o now_o it_o be_v quench_v which_o argue_v plain_a that_o from_o the_o former_a time_n of_o paul_n departure_n till_o this_o time_n peter_n have_v not_o supply_v in_o rome_n the_o place_n of_o a_o preach_a pastor_n and_o diligent_a bishop_n and_o see_v this_o broil_n against_o the_o christian_n begin_v now_o to_o be_v so_o hot_a not_o in_o all_o place_n but_o especial_o in_o rome_n how_o can_v peter_n sit_v quiet_o in_o this_o city_n as_o bishop_n thereof_o and_o not_o be_v fire_v out_o with_o his_o flock_n but_o they_o say_v all_o that_o he_o live_v after_o this_o time_n about_o three_o year_n for_o this_o be_v do_v in_o the_o eleven_o year_n of_o nero_n who_o reign_v almost_o xiiii_o year_n and_o peter_n be_v martyr_v in_o the_o last_o year_n of_o nero_n as_o they_o say_v all_o if_o this_o reviue_n of_o the_o gospel_n be_v by_o peter_n mean_n why_o will_v nero_n spare_v he_o be_v the_o head_n if_o peter_n escape_v by_o fly_v than_o he_o show_v himself_o to_o be_v a_o hierling_n and_o no_o true_a shepeherde_n that_o forsake_v his_o flock_n when_o he_o see_v the_o wolf_n come_v ¶_o from_o the_o year_n 67._o to_o the_o 70._o of_o thincarnation_n now_o be_v we_o come_v to_o the_o latter_a time_n of_o nero_n in_o which_o year_n if_o peter_n be_v not_o bishop_n of_o rome_n then_o be_v it_o certain_a that_o he_o be_v not_o bishop_n there_o at_o all_o but_o to_o come_v to_o the_o purpose_n naucler_n volu_fw-la 2._o generate_fw-la 2._o and_o the_o most_o writer_n as_o eusebius_n lib._n 2_o cap._n 25_o nicephorus_n li._n 2._o cap._n 34._o sabellicus_n ennead_n 7._o li._n 2._o agree_v that_o paul_n die_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 70._o the_o 37._o year_n after_o the_o death_n of_o christ_n but_o it_o may_v soon_o appear_v that_o peter_n be_v not_o then_o bishop_n at_o paul_n last_o come_v to_o rome_n for_o after_o paul_n be_v come_v thither_o he_o send_v for_o timothy_n to_o come_v unto_o he_o show_v that_o he_o have_v need_n of_o he_o to_o come_v to_o he_o because_o he_o be_v now_o desolate_a and_o have_v none_o with_o he_o demas_n have_v forsake_v he_o now_o and_o embrace_v the_o world_n etc._n etc._n so_o that_o if_o this_o epistle_n be_v not_o write_v at_o the_o first_o imprisonment_n of_o paul_n but_o at_o this_o latter_a time_n then_o be_v not_o peter_n yet_o estal_v in_o his_o diocese_n for_o if_o he_o have_v be_v in_o rome_n in_o his_o pontifical_a dignity_n i_o think_v paul_n shall_v not_o have_v be_v dryven_v to_o send_v to_o ephesus_n 1000_o mile_n from_o rome_n for_o timothy_n to_o bring_v mark_n to_o come_v to_o minister_v to_o he_o in_o the_o end_n of_o this_o second_o epistle_n to_o timothy_n paul_n send_v commendation_n from_o diverse_a but_o none_o from_o peter_n there_o be_v xiiii_o epistle_n whereof_z paul_n and_o seneca_n bear_v the_o name_n the_o one_o write_v to_o the_o other_o at_o this_o late_a imprysonnement_n and_o yet_o among_o they_o all_o nothing_o be_v say_v of_o peter_n and_o yet_o by_o occasion_n he_o may_v easy_o have_v be_v mention_v in_o they_o if_o he_o have_v be_v then_o in_o rome_n but_o if_o by_o this_o time_n peter_n be_v not_o yet_o pope_n of_o rome_n there_o be_v no_o time_n leave_v for_o he_o to_o come_v to_o enjoy_v it_o during_o the_o reign_n of_o nero_n till_o who_o death_n this_o present_a persecution_n of_o the_o church_n endure_v with_o all_o cruelty_n ¶_o the_o death_n of_o peter_n touch_v the_o death_n of_o peter_n all_o writer_n do_v not_o agree_v as_o it_o be_v sufficient_o declare_v in_o the_o act_n and_o monument_n fol._n 56._o in_o these_o word_n they_z that_o follow_v the_o common_a opinion_n and_o the_o pope_n decree_n say_v that_o both_o peter_n and_o paul_n suffer_v both_o in_o one_o day_n and_o one_o year_n which_o opinion_n seem_v to_o be_v take_v out_o of_o dionysius_n bishop_n of_o corinthe_n hierome_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr viris_fw-la illustr_n affirm_v that_o they_o suffer_v both_o in_o one_o day_n but_o he_o express_v not_o the_o year_n so_o do_v isiodorus_n and_o eusebius_n prudentius_n in_o his_o peristephano_n note_v that_o they_o both_o be_v put_v to_o death_n upon_o the_o same_o day_n but_o not_o in_o the_o same_o year_n &_o say_v that_o paul_n follow_v peter_n a_o year_n after_o abdias_n record_v that_o paul_n suffer_v two_o year_n after_o peter_n moreover_o if_o it_o be_v true_a which_o abdias_n say_v that_o after_o the_o crucify_a of_o peter_n paul_n remain_v in_o his_o free_a custody_n at_o rome_n mention_v in_o the_o 28._o of_o the_o act_n of_o the_o apostle_n which_o be_v as_o s._n hierome_n witness_v in_o the_o third_o or_o four_o year_n of_o nero_n then_o must_v it_o be_v ten_o year_n betwixt_o the_o martyrdom_n of_o peter_n and_o of_o paul_n for_o as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v by_o all_o writer_n confess_v that_o paul_n suffer_v in_o the_o xiiii_o year_n which_o be_v the_o last_o year_n of_o nero._n vspergensis_n saithe_v that_o they_o 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perjury_n dice_n card_n bla●ing_v rob_v of_o church_n and_o other_o villainy_n even_o from_o his_o youth_n he_o misuse_v his_o cardinal_n in_o crop_v their_o nose_n thrust_v out_o their_o eye_n chap_a of_o their_o finger_n and_o hand_n cut_v out_o their_o tongue_n gelding_n they_o and_o use_v diverse_a diverse_o for_o before_o the_o emperor_n otho_n in_o a_o open_a synod_n it_o be_v lay_v to_o his_o charge_n as_o luthprandus_n write_v in_o his_o sixth_o book_n that_o he_o never_o say_v matin_n that_o in_o celebrate_v the_o mass_n he_o himself_o have_v not_o communicate_v that_o he_o make_v deacon_n in_o his_o stable_n among_o his_o horse_n that_o he_o have_v commit_v incest_n with_o two_o harlot_n be_v his_o own_o sister_n that_o he_o play_v at_o dice_n pray_v to_o the_o devil_n to_o send_v he_o good_a luck_n that_o for_o money_n he_o admit_v boy_n to_o be_v bishop_n he_o have_v ravish_v virgin_n and_o strange_a woman_n he_o have_v make_v the_o holy_a palace_n of_o lateran_n a_o stew_n &_o brothel_n house_n that_o he_o have_v deflower_v stephana_n his_o father_n concubine_n and_o one_o rainera_n a_o widow_n beside_o one_o anna_n a_o other_o widow_n and_o her_o niece_n that_o he_o have_v put_v out_o the_o eye_n of_o benedict_n his_o ghostly_a father_n use_v common_a hunt_v that_o he_o wear_v armour_n and_o set_v house_n on_o fire_n brace_v open_a door_n and_o wyndowe_n by_o night_n that_o he_o take_v a_o cup_n of_o wine_n &_o drink_v to_o the_o devil_n and_o never_o bless_v himself_o with_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n these_o and_o many_o more_o odious_a article_n be_v lay_v to_o his_o charge_n whereupon_o the_o emperor_n by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o prelate_n depose_v he_o and_o leo_n the_o eight_o be_v set_v up_o in_o his_o stead_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o emperor_n be_v go_v those_o harlotte_n that_o have_v be_v his_o companion_n inveigle_v the_o noble_n of_o rome_n promise_v they_o the_o treasure_n of_o the_o church_n to_o depose_v leo_n and_o place_n 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have_v reign_v 50_o year_n in_o his_o life_n he_o lack_v lyvinge_v and_o after_o death_n he_o want_v a_o grave_n through_o malice_n of_o the_o pope_n pope_n paschal_n hold_v a_o council_n of_o prince_n and_o bishop_n about_o matter_n of_o gain_n as_o homage_v and_o fealtye_n due_a unto_o he_o also_o he_o spoil_v the_o bishop_n of_o ravenna_n of_o his_o land_n and_o take_v they_o into_o his_o own_o hand_n but_o afterward_o because_o he_o refuse_v to_o confirm_v certain_a bishop_n appoint_v by_o the_o emperor_n henry_n the_o five_o the_o emperor_n though_o la●e_a before_o he_o have_v kiss_v the_o pope_n foot_n apprehend_v he_o and_o cast_v he_o into_o prison_n where_o he_o continue_v until_o he_o have_v confirm_v they_o all_o and_o shall_v by_o his_o seal_n restore_v the_o privilege_n of_o ratify_v a_o bishop_n which_o be_v grant_v to_o charles_n the_o great_a and_o confirm_v he_o to_o be_v emperor_n while_o say_v masseus_n the_o pope_n sit_v in_o his_o chair_n after_o mass_n behold_v 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the_o cardinal_n in_o one_o day_n the_o 17._o day_n of_o november_n anno_fw-la 1558._o and_o this_o be_v the_o success_n of_o the_o pope_n blessing_n therefore_o god_n send_v they_o plenty_n of_o the_o tree_n that_o like_o the_o fruit_n thereof_o 168._o marcellus_z the_o second_o marcellus_z the_o second_o bear_v in_o hetruria_n be_v first_o call_v marcellus_n ceruinus_fw-la he_o be_v cardinal_n of_o the_o cross_n of_o jerusalem_n when_o with_o the_o consent_v of_o all_o the_o cardinal_n he_o be_v make_v pope_n he_o be_v create_v the_o ix_o day_n of_o april_n will_v not_o change_v his_o christian_a name_n but_o will_v be_v call_v marcellus_n the_o second_o and_o the_o next_o day_n he_o receive_v all_o the_o papal_a ornament_n in_o lateran_n palace_n charles_n the_o emperor_n and_o his_o brother_n ferdinand_n on_o a_o time_n think_v it_o meet_v to_o prepare_v a_o army_n against_o the_o the_o turk_n and_o write_v to_o the_o pope_n to_o move_v he_o therein_o this_o marcellus_n answer_v 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