faster vpon vs. The daintiest Smells of Flowers are out of those Plants whose Leaues smell not As Violets Roses Wall-flowers Gilly-flowers Pinckes Woodbines Vine-flowers Apple-Bloomes Lime-Tree Bloomes Beane-Bloomes c. The Cause is for that where there is Heat and strength enough in the Plant to make the Leaues Odorate there the Smell of the Flower is rather Euanide and Weaker than that of the Leaues As it is in Rose-Mary-Flowers Lauender-Flowers and Sweet-Briar-Roses But where there is lesse Heat there the Spirit of the Plant is disgested and refined and feuered from the Grosser Iuyce in the Esstorescence and not before Most Odours Smell best Broken or Crusht as hath beene said But Flowers Pressed or Beaten doe leese the Freshnesse and Sweetnesse of their Odour The Cause is for that when they are Crushed the Grosser and more Earthy Spirit commeth out with the Finer and troubleth it Whereas in stronger Odours there are no such Degrees of the Issue of the Smell It is a Thing of very good Vse to Discouer the Goodnesse of Waters The Taste to those that Drinke Water onely doth somewhat But other Experiments are more sure First try Waters by Weight Wherein you may finde some difference though not much And the Lighter you may account the Better Secondly try them by Boyling vpon an Equall Fire And that which consumeth away fastest you may account the Best Thirdly try them in Seuerall Bottles or Open Vessels Matches in euery Thing else and see which of them Last Longest without Stench or Corruption And that which holdeth Vnputrified longest you may likewise account the Best Fourthly try them by Making Drinkes Stronger or Smaller with the same Quantity of Mault And you may conclude that that Water which maketh the Stronger Drinke is the more Concocted and Nou-rishing though perhaps it be not so good for Medicinall vse And such Water commonly is the Water of Large and Nanigable Riuers And likewise in Large and Cleane Ponds of Standing Water For vpon both them the Sunne hath more power than vpon Fountaines or Small Riuers And I concelue that Chalke-water is next them the best for going furthest in Drinke For that also helpeth Concoction So it be out of a Deepe Well For then it Cureth the Rawnesse of the Water But Chalkie Water towards the Top of the Earth is too fretting As it appeareth in Laundry of Cloaths which weare out apace if you vse such Waters Fifthly The Houswiues doe finde a Difference in Waters for the Bearing or Not Bearing of Soape And it is likely that the more Fat Water will beare Soape best For the Hungry Water doth kill the Vnctuous Nature of the Soape Sixthly you may make a Iudgement of Waters according to the Place whence they Spring or Come The Rain-Water is by the Physitians esteemed the Finest and the best But yet it is said to putrifie soonest which is likely because of the Finenesse of the Spirit And in Conseruatories of Raine-water such as they haue in Venice c. they are and not so Choice waters The worse perhaps because they are Couered aloft and kept from the Sunne Snow-water is held vnwholesome In so much as the People that dwell at the Foot of the SnowMountaines or otherwise vpon the Ascent especially the Women by drinking of Snow-water haue great Bagges hanging vnder their Throats Well-water except it be vpon Chalke or a very plentifull Spring maketh Meat Red which is an ill Signe Springs on the Tops of High-Hills are the best For both they seeme to haue a Lightnesse and Appetite of Mounting And besides they are most pure and Vnmingled And againe are more Percolated thorow a great Space of Earth For Waters in Valleyes ioyne in effect vnder Ground with all Waters of the same Leuell Whereas Springs on the Tops of Hills passe thorow a great deale of Pure Earth with lesse Mixture of other Waters Seuenthly Iudgement may be made of Waters by the Soyle whereupon the Water runneth As Pebble is the Cleanest and best tasted And next to that Clay-water And Thirdly Water vpon Chalke Fourthly that vpon Sand And Worst of all vpon Mudde Neither may you trust Waters that Taste Sweet For they are commonly found in Rising Grounds of great Cities which must needs take in a great deale of Filth In Peru and diuers Parts of the West Indies though vnder the Line the Heats are not so Intolerable as they be in Barbary and the Skirts of the Torrid Zone The Causes are First the Great Brizes which the Motion of the Aire in great Circles such as are vnder the Girdle of the World produceth Which doe refrigerate And therefore in those Parts Noone is nothing so hot when the Brizes are great as about Nine or Ten of the Clocke in the Fore-Noone Another Cause is for that the Length of the Night and the Dewes thereof doe compense the Heat of the Day A third Cause is the Stay of the Sunne Not in Respect of Day and Night for that wee spake of before but in Respect of the Season For vnder the Line the Sunne crosseth the Line and maketh two Summers and two Winters But in the Skirts of the Torrid Zone it doubleth and goeth backe againe and so maketh one Long Summer The Heat of the Sunne maketh Men Blacke in some Countries as in AEthiopia and Ginny c. Fire doth it not as wee see in GlasseMen that are continually about the Fire The Reason may be because Fire doth licke vp the Spirits and Bloud of the Body so as they Exhale So that it euer maketh Men looke Pale and Sallow But the Sunne which is a Gentler Heat doth but draw the Bloud to the Outward Parts And rather Concooteth it than Soaketh it And therefore wee see that all AEthiapes are Fleshy and Plumpe and haue great Lips All which betoken Moisture retained and not drawne out Wee see also that the Negroes are bred in Countries that haue Plenty of Water by Riuers or otherwise For Meroe which was the Metropolis of AEthiopia was vpon a great Lake And Congo where the Negroes are is full of Riuers And the Confines of the Riuer Niger where the Negroes also are are well watered And the Region about Capo Verde is likewise Moist in so much as it is pestilent through Moisture But the Countries of the Abyssenes and Barbary and Peru. where they are Tawney and Oliuaster and Pale are generally more Sandy and Dry. As for the AEthiopes as they are Plumpe and Fleshy So it may bee they are Sanguine and ruddy Coloured if their blacke Skinne would suffer it to be seene Some Creatures doe moue a good while after their Head is off As Birds Some a very little time As Men and all beasts Some moue though cut in feuerall Pieces As Snakes Eeles Wormes Flies c. First therefore it is certaine that the Immediate Cause of Death is the Resolution or Extinguishment of the Spirits And that the Destruction or Corruption of the Organs is but the
much the like Iuyce And therefore I thinke Rosemary will leese in Sweetnesse if it be set with Lauender or Bayes or the like But yet if you will correct the strength of an Herbe you shall doe well to set other like Herbs by him to take him downe As if you should set Tansey by Angelica it may be the Angelica would be the weaker and fitter for Mixture in Perfume And if you should set Rew by Common Wormewood it may be the Wormewood would turne to be like Roman Worniewood This Axiome is of large extent And therefore would be seuered and refined by Triall Neither must you expect to haue a Grasse Difference by this kinde of Culture but only Further Perfection Triall would be also made in Herbs Poisonous and Purgatine whose ill Qualitie perhaps may be discharged or attempted by Setting stronger Poisons or Purgatines by them It is reported that the Shrub called Our Ladies Seale which is a Kinde of Briony and Coleworts set neere together one or both will die The Cause is for that they be both great Depredatours of the Earth and one of them starueth the other The like is said of a Reed and a Brake Both which are succulent And therefore the One deceiueth the Other And the like of Hemlocke and Rew Both which draw strong luyces Some of the Ancients and likewise diures of the Moderne Writers that haue laboured in Natural Magicke haue noted a Sympathy between the Sunne Moone and some Principall Starres And certaine Herbs and Plants And so they haue denominated some Herbs Solar and some Lunar And such like Toyes put into great Words It is manifest that there are some Flowers that haue Respect to the Sunne in two Kindes The one by Opening and Shutting And the other by Bowing and Inclining the Head For Mary-golds Tulippa's Pimperâ—ell and indeed most Flowers doe open or spread their Leaues abroad when the Sunne shineth serene and faire And againe in some part close them or gather them inward either towards Night or when the Skie is ouercast Of this there needeth no such Solemne Reason to be assigned As to say that they reioyce at the presence of the Sunne And mourne at the Absence thereof For it is Nothing else but a little Loading of the Leaues and Swelling them at the Bottome with the Moisture of the Aire whereas the drie Aire doth extend them And they make it a Peece of the wonder that Garden Clauer will hide the Stalke when the Sunne sheweth bright Which is Nothing but a full Expansion of the leaues For the Bowing and Inclining the Head it is found in the great Flower of the Sunne in Mary-golds Wart wort Mallow Flowers and others The Cause is somewhat more Obscure than the former But I take it to be no other but that the Part against which the Sunne beateth waxeth more faint and flaccide in the Stalke And thereby lesse able to support the Flower What a little Moisture will doe in Vegetables euen though they be dead and seuered from the Earth appeareth well in the Experiment of Inglers They take the Beard of an Oate which if you marke it well is wreathed at the Bottome and one smooth entire Straw at the Top. They take only the Part that is Wreathed and cut off the other leauing the Beard halfe the Breadth of a finger in length Then they make a little Crosse of a Quill long-wayes of that Part of the Quill which hath the Pith And Crosse-wayes of that peece of the Quill without Pith The whole Crosse being the Breadth of a Finger high Then they pricke the Bottome where the Pith is and thereinto they put the Oaten-beard leauing halfe of it sticking forth of the Quill Then they take a little white Box of wood to deceiue Men as if somewhat in the Box did worke the Feat In which with a Pinne they make a little Hole enough to take the Beard but not to let the Crosse sinke downe but to sticke Then likewise by way of Imposture they make a Question As Who is the Fairest Woman in the Company Or Who hath a Gloue or Card And canse Another to name diners Persons And vpon euery Naming they sticke the Crosse in the Box hauing first put it towards their Mouth as if they charmed it And the Crasse stirreth not But when they come to the Person that they would take As they hold the Orasse to their Mouth they touch the Beard with the Tip of their Tongue and wet it And so sticke the Crosse in the Box And then you shall see it turne finely and softly three or foure Turnes Which is caused by the vntwining of the Beard by the Moisture You may see it more euidently if you sticke the Crosse betweene your fingers in Stead of the Box And therfore you may see that this Motion which is effected by so little Wet is stronger than the Closing or Bending of the Head of a Marigold It is reported by some that the Herb called Rosa-Solis wherof they make Strong Waters will at the Noone-day when the Sunne shineth hot and bright haue a great Dew vpon it And therefore that the right Name is Ros Solis which they impute to a Delight and Sympathy that it hath with the Sunne Men fauour Wonders It were good first to be sure that the Dew that is found vpon it be not the Dew of the Morning Preserued when the Dew of other Herbs is breathed away for it hath a smooth and thicke Leafe that doth not discharge the Dew so soone as other Herbs that are more Spungy and Porous And it may be Purslane or some other Herb doth the like and is not marked But if it be so that it hath more Dew at Noone than in the Morning then sure it seemeth to be an Exudation of the Herb is solfe As Plums sweat when they are set into the Ouen for you will not I hope thinke that it is like Gedeons Fleeel of Wood that the Dew should fail vpon that and no where else It is certaine that the Honey-dews are found more vpon Oahe-leâ—â—es than vpon Aâ—â— of Beech or the like But whether any Cause be from the Leafe it selfe to concoctâ— the Dew Or whether it be onely that the Leafe is Close and Smooth And therefore drinketh not in the Dew but preserueth it may be doubted It would be well inquired whether Maâ—â—â— the Drug doth fall but vpon certaine Herbs or Lâ—â—â— onely Flowers that haue deepe Sockets doe gather in the Bottome a kinde of Honey As Honey-Suckles both the Woodbine and the Trisoile Dillier and the like And in them certainly the Flower beareth part with the Dew The Experience is that the Froth which they call Woodsears being like a kinde of Spittle is found but vpon certaine Herbs and those Hot Ones As Lauender-cotton Sage Hissope c. Of the Cause of this enquire further For it seemeth a Secret There falleth also Mildew vpon Corne and smutteth it But it may be that the same
and a Weaker like vnto Masculine and Feminine doth hold in all Liuing Bodies It is confounded sometimes As in some Creatures of Putrefaction wherein no Markes of Distinction appeare And it is doubled sometimes As in Hermaphrodites But generally there is a Degree of Strength in most Species The Participles or Consiners betweene Plants and Liuing Creatures are such chiefly as are Fixed and haue no Locall Motion of Remoue though they haue a Motion in their Parts Such as are Oysters Cockles and such like There is a Fabulous Narration that in the Northerne Countries there should be an Herbe that groweth in the likenesse of a Lambe and feedeth vpon the Grasse in such sort as it will bare the Grasse round about But I suppose that the Figure maketh the Fable For so we see there be Bee-Flowers c. And as for the Grasse it seemeth the Plant hauing a great Stalke and Top doth prey vpon the Grasse a good way about by drawing the Iuyce of the Earth from it The Indian Fig boweth his Roots downe so low in one yeare as of it selfe it taketh Root againe And so multiplieth from Root to Root Making of one Tree a kinde of Wood. The Cause is the Plenty of the Sap and the Softnesse of the Stalke which maketh the Bough being ouerloaden and not stiffely vpheld weigh downe It hath Leaues as broad as a little Target but the Fruit no bigger than Beanes The Cause is for that the Continuall Shade increaseth the Leaues and abateth the Fruit which neuerthelesse is of a pleasant Taste And that no doubt is caused by the Supplenesse and Gentlenesse of the Iuyce of that Plant being that which maketh the Boughes also so Flexible It is reported by one of the Ancients that there is a certaine Indian Tree hauing few but very great Leaues three Cubits long and two broad And that the Fruit being of good Taste groweth out of the Barke It may be there be Plants that poure out the Sap so fast as they haue no leisure either to diuide into many Leaues or to put forth Stalks to the Fruit. With vs Trees generally haue finall Leaues in comparison The Fig hath the greatest And next it the Vine Mulberry and Sycamore And the Least are those of the Willow Birch and Thorne But there be found Herbs with farre greater Leaues than any Tree As the Burre Gourd Cucumber and Cole-wort The Cause is like to that of the Indian Fig the hasty and plentifull Putting forth of the Sap. There be three Things in vse for Sweetnesse Sugar Honey Manna For Sugar to the Ancients it was scarce knowne and little vsed It is found in Canes Quare whether to the first Knuckle or further vp And whether the very Barke of the Cane it selfe do yeeld Sugar or no For Honey the Bee maketh it or gathereth it But I haue heard from one that was industrious in Husbandry that the labour of the Bee is about the Wax And that he hath knowne in the beginning of May Honey-Combs empty of Honey And within a forthnight when the Sweet Dewes fall filled like a Cellar It is reported also by some of the Ancients that there is a Tree called Occhus in the Valleyes of Hyrcanis that distilleth Honey in the Mornings It is not vnlike that the Sap and Teares of some Trees may be sweet It may be also that some sweet Iuyces fit for many vses may be concocted out of Fruits to the Thicknesse of Honey or perhaps of Sugar The likeliest are Raisins of the Sunne Figs and Corrans The Meanes may be enquired The Ancients report of a Tree by the Persian Sea vpon the ShoreSands which is nourished with the Salt-Water And when the Tide ebbeth you shall see the Roots as it were bare without Barke being as it seemeth corroded by the Salt grasping the Sands like a Crab Which neuerthelesse beareth a Fruit. It were good to try some Hard Trees as a Seruice-Tree or Firre-Tree by setting them within the Sands There be of Plants which they vse for Garments these that follow Hempe Flax Cotton Nettles whereof they make Nettle-Cloth Sericum which is a Growing Silke They make also Cables of the Barke of Lime-Trees It is the Stalke that maketh the Filaceous Matter commonly And sometimes the Downe that groweth aboue They haue in some Countries a Plant of a Rosy Colour which shutteth in the Night Openeth in the Morning and Openeth wide at Noone which the Inhabitants of those Countries say is a Plant that Sleepeth There be Sleepers enow then For almost all Flowers doe the like Some Plants there are but rare that haue a Mossy or Downy Root And likewise that haue a Number of Threds like Beards As Mandrakes wherof Witches and Impostours make an vgly Image giuing it the Forme of a Face at the Top of the Root and leaue those Strings to make a broad Beard downe to the Foot Also there is a Kinde of Nard in Creet being a Kinde of Phu that hath a Root hairy like a Rough-Footed-Doues foot So as you may see there are of Roots Bulbous Roots Fibrous Roots and Hirsute Roots And I take it in the Bulbous the Sap hasteneth most to the Aire and Sunne In the Fibrous the Sap dollghreth more in the Earth and therefore putteth downward And the Hirsute is a Middle betweene both That besides the Putting forth vpwards and downwards putteth forth in Round There are some Teares of Trees which are kembed from the Beards of Goats For when the Goats bite and crop them especially in the Mornings the Dew being on the Teare commeth forth and hangeth vpon their Beards Of this Sort is some kinde of Ladanum The Irrigation of the Plaine-Tree by Wine is reported by the Ancients to make it Fruitfull It would be tried likewise with Roots For vpon Seeds it worketh no great Effects The way to carry Farraine Roots a long Way is to vessell them close in Earthan Vessells But if the Vessells be not very Great you must make some Holes in the Bottome to giue some Refreshment to the Roots Which otherwise as it seemeth will decay and suffocate The ancient Cinnamon was of all other Plants while it grew the Dryest And those Things which are knowne to comfort other Plants did make that more Sterill For in Showers it prospered worst It grew also amongst Bushes of other kindes where commonly Plants doe not thriue Neither did it loue the Sunne There might be one Cause of all those Effects Namely the sparing Nourishment which that Plant required Quare how farre Cassia which is now the Substitute of Cinnamon doth participate of these Things It is reported by one of the Ancients that Cassia when it is gathered is put into the Skins of Beasts newly fleyed And that the Skins Corrupting and Breeding Wormes the Wormes doe deuoure the Pith and Marrow of it and so make it Hollow But meddle not with the Barke because to them it is bitter There were in Ancient Time Vines of farre greater
the bottome the Morter will become as hard as the Brick wee see also that the Wood on the sides of Vessles of Wine gathereth a Crust of Tartar harder then the wood it selfe And Scales likewise grow to the Teeth harder then the Teeth themselues Most of all Induration by Assimilation appeareth in the Bodies of Trees and liuing Creatures For no Nourishment that the Tree receiueth or that the liuing Creature receiueth is so hard as Wood Bone or Horne c. but is Indurated after by Assimilation The Eye of the vnderstanding is like the Eye of the Sense For as you may see great Obiects through small Crannies or Leuells So you may see great Axiomes of Nature through small and Contemptible Instances The Speedy Depredation of Aire vpon watry Moisture and Version of the same into Aire appeareth in nothing more visible than in the sudden Discharge or vanishing of a little Cloud of Breath or Vapour from Glasse or the Blade of a Sword or any such Polished Body Such as doth not at all Detaine or Imbibe the Moisture For the Mistinesse scattereth and breaketh vp suddenly But the like Cloud if it were Oyly or Fatty will not discharge Not because it sticketh faster But because Aire preyeth vpon Water And Flame and Fire vpon Oyle And therefore to take out a Spot of Grease they vse a Coale vpon browne Paper because Fire worketh vpon Grease or Oyle as Aire doth vpon Water And we see Paper oyled or Wood oyled or the like last long moist but Wet with Water drie or putrifie sooner The Cause is for that Aire meddleth little with the Moisture of Oyle There is an Admirable demonstration in the same trifling Instance of the little Cloud vpon Glasse or Gemmes or Blades of Swords of the Force of Vnion euen in the least Quantities and weakest Bodies how much it Conduceth to Preseruation of the present Forme And the Resisting of a New For marke well the discharge of that Cloud And you shall see it euer breake vp first in the Skirts and last in the middest We see likewise that much Water draweth forth the Iuyce of the Body Infused But little water is imbibed by the Body And this is a Principall Cause why in Operation vpon Bodies for their Version or Alteration the Triall in great Quantities doth not answer the Triall in small And so deceiueth many For that I say the greater Body resisteth more any Alteration of Forme and requireth farre greater Strength in the Actiue Body that should subdue it We haue spoken before in the fifth Instance of the Cause of Orient Colours in Birds which is by the Finenesse of the Strainer we will now endeuour to reduce the same Axione to a Worke. For this Writing of our Sylue Syluerum is to speake properly not Neturall History but a high kinde of Naturall Magicke For it is not a Description only of Nature but a Breaking of Nature into great and strange Workes Trie therefore the Anointing ouer of Pigeons or other Birds when they are but in their downe Or of Whelps cutting their Haire as short as may be Or of some other Beast with some oyntment that is not hurtfull to the Flesh And that will harden and sticke very close And see whether it will not alter the Colours of the Feathers or Haire It is receiued that the Pulling off the first Feathers of Birds cleane will make the new come forth white And it is certaine that White is a penurious Colour where Moisture is scant So Blew Violets other Flowers if they be starued turne Pale and White Birds and Horses by Age or Scarres turne white And the Hoare Haires of Men come by the same reason And therefore in Birds it is very likely that the Feathers that come first will be many times of diuers Colours according to the Nature of the Bird For that the Skin is more porous But when the Skin is more shut and close the Feathers will come White This is a good Experiment not only for the Producing of Birds and Beasts of strange Colours but also for the Disclosure of the Nature of Colours themselues which of them require a finer Porositie and which a grosser It is a worke of Prouidence that hath beene truly obserued by some That the Yolke of the Egge conduceth little to the Generation of the Bird But onely to the Nourishment of the same For if a Chicken be opened when it is new hatched you shall finde much of the Yolke remaining And it is needfull that Birds that are shaped without the Females Wombe haue in the Egge as well Matter of Nourishment as Matter of generation for the Body For after the Egge is laid and seuered from the Body of the Hen It hath no more Nourishment from the Hen But onely a quickening Heat when shee sitteth But Beasts and Men need not the matter of Nourishment within themselues Because they are shaped within the Wombe of the Female and are Nourished continually from her Body It is an Inueterate and receiued Opinion that Cantharides applyed to any Part of the Body touch the Bladder and exulcerate it if they stay on long It is likewise Receiued that a kinde of Stone which they bring out of the West Indies hath a peculiar force to moue Grauell and to dissolue the Stone In so much as laid but to the wrest it hath so forcibly sent downe Grauell as Men haue beene glad to remoue it It was so violent It is receiued and confirmed by daily Experience that the Soales of the Feet haue great Affinity with the Head and the Mouth of the Stomach As we see Going wet-shod to those that vse it not affecteth both Applications of hot Powders to the Feet attenuate first and after drie the Rheume And therefore a Physitian that would be Mysticall prescribeth for the Cure of the Rheume that a Man should walke Continually vpon a Camomill Alley Meaning that he should put Camomill within his Sockes Likewise Pigeons bleeding applyed to the Soales of the Feet ease the Head And Soporiferous Medicines applied vnto them prouoke Sleepe It seemeth that as the Feet haue a Sympathy with the Head So the Wrests and Hands haue a Sympathy with the Heart We see the Affects and Passions of the Heart and Spirits are notably disclosed by the Pulse And it is often tried that Iuyces of Stock-Gilly-Flowers Rose-Campian Garlicke and other things applied to the Wrests and renewed haue cured long Agues And I conceiue that washing with certaine Liquours the Palmes of the Hands doth much good And they doe well in Heats of Agues to hold in the Hands Egges of Alablaster and Balls of Crystall Of these things we shall speake more when we handle the Title of Sympathy and Antipathy in the proper Place The Knowledge of man hitherto hath beene determined by the View or Sight So that whatsoeuer is Inuisible either in respect of the Finenesse of the Body it selfe Or the Smallnesse of the
the Carrying of Sounds longer or shorter way Or in respect of many other Circumstances they haue beene touched as falling into other Titles But those Figures which we now are to speake of wee intend to be as they concerne the Lines through which Sound passeth As Straight Crooked Angular Circular c. The Figure of a Bell pertaketh of the Pyramis but yet comming off and dilating more suddenly The Figure of a Hunters Horne and Cornet is oblique yet they haue likewise Straight Heroes which if they be of the same Bore with the Oblique differ little in Sound Saue that the Straight require somewhat a stronger Blast The Figures of Recorders and Flates and Pipes are straight But the Recorder hath a lesse Bore and a greater Aboue and below The Trumpts hath the Figure of the Letter S which maketh that Purling Sound c. Generally the Straight Like hath the cleanest and roundest Sound And the Crooked the more Hoarse and larring Of a Sinnous Pipe that may haue some foure Flexions Triall would be made Likewise of a Pipe made like a Crosse open in the middest And so likewise of an Angular Pipe And see what will be the Effects of these seuerall Sounds And so againe of a Circular Pipe As if you take a Pipe perfect Round and make a Hole whereinto you shall blow And another Hole not farre from that But with a Trauerse or Stope betweene them So that your Breath may goe the Round of the Circle and come forth at the second Hole You may trie likewise Perâ—â—ssions of Solide Bodies of seuerall Figures As Globes Flare Cobes Croffes Triangles c. And their Combinasions As Flat against Flat And Coâ—â—â—ex against Conâ—â—â— And Connâ—â—â— against Flat c. And marks well the diversities of the Sounds Triâ—â—â—â— the difference in Sound of seuerall Crasitudre of Hard Bodies percussed And take knowledge of the â—â—â— of the Sounds I my selfe haue tried that a Bell of Gold yeeldeth an excellent Sound not infariour to that of Siluer or Brasse but rather better yet wee see that a peece of Money of Gold soundeth farre more flat than a peece of Money of Siluer The Harpe hath the Concaue not along the Strings but acrosse the Strings And no Instrument hath the Sound so Melting and Prolonged as the Irish Harpe So as I suppose that if a Virginall were made with a double Concaue the one all the length as the Virginall hath the other at the End of the Strings as the Harpe hath It must needs make the Sound perfecter and not so Shallow and Iarring You may trie it without any Sound-Board along but only Harpe-wise at one End of the Strings Or lastly with a double Concaue at Each end of the Strings one There is an apparent Diuersitie betweene the Species Visible and Audible in this That the Visible doth not mingle in the Medium but the Audible doth For if wee looke abroad wee see Heauen a number of Stars Trees Hills Men Beasts at once And the Species of the one doth not confound the other But if so many Sounds came from seuerall Parts one of them would vtterly confound the other So wee see that Voices or Consorts of Musicke doe make an Harmony by Mixture which Colours doe not It is true neuerthelesse that a great Light drowneth a smaller that it cannot be seene As the Sunne that of a Gloworme as well as a Great Sound drowneth a lesser And I suppose likewise that if there were two Lanthornes of Glasse the one a Grimsin and the other an Azure and a Candle within either of them those Coloured Lights would mingle and cast vpon a White Paper â— Purple Colour And euen in Colours they yeeld a faint and weake Mixture For white walls make Roomes more lightsome than blacke c. But the Cause of the Confusion in Sounds and the Inconfusion in Species Visible is For that the Sight worketh in Right Lines and maketh seuerall Cones And so there can be no Coincidence in the Eye or Visuall Point But Sounds that moue in Oblique and Arcuate Lines must needs encounter and disturbe the one the other The sweetest and best Harmony is when euery Part or Instrument is not heard by it selfe but a Conflation of them all Which requireth to stand some distance off Euen as it is in the Mixture of Perfumes Or the Taking of the Smells of seuerall Flowers in the Aire The Disposition of the Aire in other Qualities except it be ioyned with Sound hath no great Operation vpon Sounds For whether the Aire be lightsome or darke hot or cold quiet or stirring except it be with Noise sweet-smelling or stinking or the like it importeth not much Some petty Alteration or difference it may make But Sounds doe disturbe and alter the one the other Sometimes the one drowning the other and making it not heard Sometimes the one larring and discording with the other and making a Confusion Sometimes the one Mingling and Compounding with the other and making an Harmony Two Voices of like lowdnesse will not be heard twice as farre as one of them alone And two Candles of like light will not make Things seene twice as farre off as one The Cause is profound But it seemeth that the Impressions from the Obiects of the Senses doe mingle respectiuâ—ly euery one with his kinde But not in proportion as is before demonstrated And the reason may be because the first Impression which is from Priuatiue to Actiue As from Silence to Noise or from Darknesse to Light is a greater Degree than from Lesse Noise to More Noise or from Lesse Light to More Light And the Reason of that againe may be For that the Aire after it hath receiued a Charge doth not receiue a Surcharge or greater Charge with like Appetite as it doth the first Charge As for the Encrease of Vertue generally what Proportion it beareth to the Encrease of the Matter it is a large Field and to be handled by it selfe All Reflexions Concurrent doe make Sounds Greater But if the Body that createth either the Originall Sound or the Reflexion be cleane and smooth it maketh them Sweeter Triall may be made of a Lute or Violl with the Belly of polished Brasse in stead of Wood. We see that euen in the Open Aire the Wire String is sweeter than the String of Guts And we see that for Reflexion Water excelleth As in Musick neare the Water Or in Eccho's It hath beene tried that a Pipe a little moistened on the inside but yet so as there be no Drops left maketh a more solemne Sound than if the Pipe were dry But yet with a sweet Degree of Sibilation or Purling As we touched it before in the title of Equality The Cause is for that all Things Porous being superficially wet and as it were betweene dry and wet become a little more Euen and Smooth But the Purling which must needs proceed of Inequality I take to be bred betweene the Smoothnesse of the
Corruption So we finde that Salt-water corrupteth not so soone as Fresh And Salting of Oisters and Powdring of Meat keepeth them from Putrefaction It would be tried also whether Chalke put into Water or Drinke doth not preserue it from Putrefying or speedy Souring So wee see that Strong Beere will last longer than Small And all Things that are hot and Aromaticall doe helpe to preserue Liquours or Powders c. Which they doe as well by Strengthning the Spirits as by Soaking out the loose Moisture The Seuenth is Separation of the Cruder Parts and thereby making the Body more Equall for all vnperfect Mixture is apt to Putrefie And Watry Substances are more apt to Putrefie than Oyly So we see Distilled Waters will last longer than Raw waters And Things that haue passed the Fire doe last longer than those that haue not passed the Fire As Dried Peares c. The Eighth is the Drawing forth continually of that part where the Putrefaction beginneth Which is commonly the Loose and watry Moisture Not onely for the Reason before giuen that it prouoketh the Radicall Moisture to come forth with it But because being detained in the Body the Putrefaction taking hold of it insecteth the rest As we see in the Embalming dead Bodies And the same Reason is of Preseruing Herbs or Fruits or Flowers in Branne or Meale The Ninth is the Commixiture of any Thing that is more Oily or Sweet For such Bodies are least apt to Putrefie the Aire working little vpon them And they not putrefying preserue the rest And therefore we see Syrrups and Ointments will last longer than Iuyces The Tenth is the Commixture of somewhat that is Dry For Putrefaction beginneth first from the Spirits And then from the Moisture And that that is dry is vnapt to puttrefie And therefore Smoake preserueth Flesh As wee see in Bacon and Neats-Tongues and Martlemas Beese c. The Opinion of some of the Ancients that Blowne Aires doe preserue Bodies longer than other Aires seemeth to Mee Probable For that the Blowne Aires being Ouer-charged and Compressed will hardly receiue the Exhaling of any Thing but rather repulse it It was tried in a Blowne Bladder whereinto Flesh was put and likewise a Flower and it sorted not For Dry Bladders will not Blow And New Bladders rather further Putrefaction The way were therfore blow strongly with a Paire of Bellowes into a Hogshead putting into the Hogshead before that which you would haue preserued And in the instant that you withdraw the Bellowes stop the Hole close The Experiments of Wood that Shineth in the Darke we haue diligently driuen and pursued The rather for that of all Things that giue Light here below it is the most Durable And hath least Apparent Motion Fire and Flame are in continuall Expence Sugar shineth onely while it is in Scraping And Salt-water while it is in Dashing Glowing â—â—es haue their Shining while they liue or a little after Onely Scales of Fishes Putrified seeme to be of the same Nature with Shining Wood And it is true that all Putrefaction hath with it an Inward Motion as well as Fire or Light The Triall sorted thus 1. The Shining is in some Peeces more Bright in some more Diâ—â—â— but the most Bright of all doth not attaine to the Light of a Glow-wâ—â—â—â— 2. The Woods that haue beene tried to shine are chiefly Sallow and Willow Also the Aâ—â— and Husle It may be it holdeth in others 3. Both Roots and Bodies doe shine but the Roots better 4. The Colour of the Shining Part by Day-light is in some Peeces White in some Peeces inclining to Red Which in the Countrey they call the White and Red Garret 5. The Part that Shineth is for the most part somewhat Safe and Moist to feele to But some was sound to be Firme and Hard So as it might be figured into a Crosse or into Beads c. But you must not looke to haue an Image or the like in any Thing that is Lightsome For euen a face in Iron red Hot will not be seene the Light confounding the small differences of Lightsome and Darksome which shew the figure 6. There was the Shining Part pared off till you came to that that did not Shine But within two Dayes the Part Contiguous began also to Shine being laid abroad in the Dew So as it seemeth the Putrefaction spreadeth 7. There was other dead Wood of like kinde that was Laid abroad which Shined not at the first But after a Nights lying abroad began to Shine 8. There was other Wood that did First Shine And being laid dry in the House within fiue or six daies Lost the Shining And laid abroad againe Recouered the Shining 9. Shining woods being laid in a Dry Roome within a Seuen night lose their Shining But being laid in a Cellar or Darke Roome kept the Shining 10. The Boring of Holes in that kinde of Wood and then laying it abroad seemeth to conduce to make it Shine The Cause is for that all Solution of Continuity doth helpe on Putrefaction as was touched before 11. No Wood hath beene yet tried to Shine that was cut downe aliue but such as was Rotted both in Stocke and Root while it grew 12. Part of the Wood that Shined was Steeped in Oyle and retained the Shining a Forthnight 13. The like succeeded in some Steeped in Water and much better 14. How long the Shining will continue if the Wood be laid abroad euery Night and taken in and Sprinckled with Water in the Day is not yet tryed 15. Triall was made of laying it abroad in Frostie weather which hurt it not 16. There was a great Peece of a Root which did shine and the Shining Part was Cut off till no more Shined Yet after two Nights though it were kept in a drie Roome it got a Shining The Bringing forth of liuing Creatures may be accelerated in two Respects The one if the Embryon ripeneth and perfecteth sooner The other if there be some Cause from the Mothers Body of Expulsion or Putting it downe whereof the Former is good and argueth Strength The Latter is ill and commeth by Accident or Disease And therefore the Ancient Obseruation is true that the Childe borne in the Seuenth Moâ—â—â—th doth commonly well But Borne in the Eighth Moneth doth for the most part die But the Cause assigned is Fabulous Which is that in the Eighth Moneth should be the Returne of the Raigne of the Planet Saturne which as they say is a Planet Maligne whereas in the Seuenth is the Raigne of the Moone which is a Planet Propitious But the true Cause is for that where there is so great a Preuention of the Ordinary time it is the lustinesse of the Childe But when it is lesse it is some Indisposition of the Mother To Accelerate Growth or Stature it must proceed Either from the Plentie of the Nourishment Or from the Nature of the Nourishment Or from the Quickening and Exciting of the Naturall Heat
Mouldie or Rotten but were become a little harder than they were Otherwise fresh in their Colour But their Iuyce somewhat flatted But with the Buriall of a Forthnight more they became Putrified A Bottle of Beere buried in like manner as before became more liuely better tasted and Clearer than it was And a Bottle of Wine in like manner A Bottle of Vinegar so buried came forth more liuely and more Odoriferous smelling almost like a Violet And after the whole Moneths Buriall all the Three came forth as fresh and liuely if not better than before It were a profitable Experiment to presrue Orenges Limons and Pomgranates till Summer For then their Price will be mightily increased This may be done if you put them in a Pot or Vessell well couered that the Moisture of the Earth come not at them Or else by putting them in a Conseruatorie of Snow And generally whosoeuer will make Experiments of Cold let him be prouided of three Things A Conseruatorie of Snow A good large Vault twenty foot at least vnder the Ground And a Deepe Well There hath beene a Tradition that Pearle and Coraâ— and TurchoisStone that haue lost their Colours may be recouered by Burying in the Earth Which is a thing of great profit if it would sort But vpon Triall of Six Weekes Buriall there followed no Effect It were good to trie it in a Deepe Well Or in a Conseruatory of Snow where the Cold may be more Constringent And so make the Body more vnited and thereby more Resplendent Mens Bodier are heauier and lesse disposed to Motion when Sâ—â—ther â—â— Winds blow than when Northerne The Cause is for that when the Southerne Winds blow the Humours doe in some Degree melt and waxe fluide and so flow into the Parts As it is seene in Wood and other Bodies which when the Southerne Winds blow doe swell Besides the Motion and Actiuity of the Body consisteth chiefly in the Sinewes which when the Southerne Wind bloweth are more relaxe It is commonly seene that more are Sick in the Summer and more Dye in the Winter Except it be in Peslilent Diseases which commonly raigne in Summer or Autumne The Reason is because Diseases are bred indeed chiefly by Heat But then they are Cured most by Sweat and Purge which in the Summer commeth on or is prouoked more Easily As for Pestilent Diseases the Reason why most Dye of them in Summer is because they are bred most in the Summer For otherwise those that are touched are in most Danger in the Winter The Generall Opinion is that Yeares Hot and Moist are most Pestilent Vpon the Superficiall Ground that Heat and Moisture cause Putrefaction In England it is found not true For many times there haue beene great Plagues in Dry Yeares Whereof the Cause may be for that Drought in the Bodies of Islanders habituate to Moist Aires doth Exasperate the Humours and maketh them more apt to Putrifie or Enflame Besides it tainteth the Waters commonly and maketh them lesse wholesome And againe in Barbary the Plagues breake vp in the Summer-moneths when the Weather is Hot and Dry. Many Diseases both Epidemicall and others breake forth at Particular times And the Cause is falsely imputed to the Constitution of the Aire at that time when they breake forth or raigne whereas it procâ—edeth indeed from a Precedent Sequence and Series of the Seasons of the Yeare And therefore Hippocrates in his Prognosticks doth make good Obseruations of the Diseases that ensue vpon the Nature of the Precedent foure Seasons of the Yeare Triall hath beene made with Earthen Bottles well stopped hanged in a Well of Twenty Fathome deepe at the least And some of the Bettles haue beene let downe into the Water some others haue hanged aboue within about a fathome of the Water And the Liquours so tried haue beene Beere not New but Ready for drinking and Wine and Milke The Proofe hath beene that both the Beere and the Wine as well within Water as aboue haue not beene palled or deaded at all But as good or somewhat better than Bottles of the same Drinks and Stalenesse kept in a Celler But those which did hang aboue Water were apparently the best And that Beere did flower a little whereas that vnder Water did not though it were Fresh The Milke sowred and began to Purrifie Neuerthelosse it is true that there is a Village neare Blois where in Deepe Canes they doe thicken Milke In such sort that it becommeth very pleasant Which was some Cause of this Triall of Hanging Milke in the Well But our proofe was naught Neither doe I know whether that Milke in those Caues be first boysed It were good therefore to try it with Milke Sodden and with Creame For that Milke of it selfe is such a Compound Body of Creame Curds and Whey as it is easâ—ly Turned and Dissolued It were good also to try the Beere when it is in Wort that it may be seene whether the Hanging in the Well will Accelerate the Ripening and Clarifying of it Diuers we see doe Stut The Cause may be in most the Refrigeration of the Tongue Whereby it is lesse apt to moue And therfore we see that Naturalls doe generally Stut And we see that in those that Stut if they drinke Wine moderately they Stut lesse because it heateth And so we see that they that Stut doe Stut more in the first Offer to speake than in Continuance Because the Tongue is by Motion somewhat heated In some also it may be though rarely the Drinesse of the Tongue which likewise maketh it lesse apt to moue as well as Cold For it is an Affect that commeth to some Wise and Great Men As it did vnto Moses who was Lingâ—epr apedita And many Stutters we finde are very Cholericke Men Choler Enducing a Drinesse in the Tongue Smells and other Odours are Sweeter in the Aire at some Distance than neare the Nose As hath beene partly touched heretofore The Cause is double First the finer Mixture or Incorporation of the Smell For we see that in Sounds likewise they are Sweetest when we cannot heare euery Part by it selfe The other Reason is for that all Sweet Smells haue ioyned with them some Earthy or Crude Odours And at some distance the Sweet which is the more Spirituall is Perceiued And the Earthy reacheth not so farre Sweet Smells are most forcible in Dry Substances when they are Broken And so likewise in Orenges or Limons the Nipping of their Rinde giueth out their Smell more And generally when Bodies are Moued or Stirred though not Broken they Smell more As a SweetBagge waued The Cause is double The one for that there is a Greater Emission of the Spirit when Way is made And this holdeth in the Breaking Nipping or Crushing It holdeth also in some Degree in the Mouing But in this last there is a Conâ—urrence of the Second Cause Which is the Impulsion of the Aire that bringeth the Sent
Moulds partible glued or cemented together that you may open them when you take out the Fruit. It is a Curiosity to haue Inscriptions or Engrauings in Fruit or Trees This is easily performed by Writing with a Needle or Bodkin or Knife or the like when the Fruit or Trees are young For as they grow so the Letters will grow more large and Graphicall Tenerisque meos incidere Amores Arboribus crescent illa crescetis Amores You may haue Trees apparrelled with Flowers or Herbs by Boring Holes in the Bodies of them and Putting into them Earth Holpen with Mucke and Setting Seeds or Slips of Wielets Stramberries Wilde-Thyme Camamill and such like in the Earth Wherein they doe but grow in the Tree as they doe in Pots Though perhaps with some Feeding from the Trees It would be tried also with Shoots of Vines and Roots of Red-Roses For it may be they being of a more Ligueout Nature will incorporate with the Tree it selfe It is an ordinary Curiosity to Forme Trees and Sbrubs as Rosemary Inniper and the like into Sundry Shapes which is done by Moulding them within and Cutting them without But they are but lame Things being too small to keepe Figure Great Castles made of Trees vpon Frames of Timber with Turrets and Arches were anciently matters of Magnificence Amongst Cariofities I shall place Colouration though it be somewhat better For Beauty in Flowers is their Preheminence It is obserued by some that Gilly-flowers Sweet-Williams Yielets that are Coloured if they be neglected and neither Watred not New Monlded nor Transplanted will turne White And it is probable that the White with much culture may turne Coloured For this is certaine that the White Colour commeth of Scarcity of Nourishment Except in Flowers that are onely White and admit no other Colours It is good therefore to see what Natures doe accompany what Colours For by that you shall haue Light how to induce Colours by Producing those Natures Whites are more Inodorate for the most part than Flowers of the same kinde Coloured As is found in Single White Violets White-Roses White Gilly-Flowers White Stock-Grlly-Flowers c. Wee finde also that Blossomes of Trees that are White are commonly Inodorate As Cherries Pearas Plâ—â—â—â—â—s Whereas those of Apples Crabs Almonds and Peaches are Blushy and Smell Sweet The Cause is for that the Substance that maketh the Flower is of the thinnest and sinest of the Plant Which also maketh Flowers to be of so dainty Colours And if it bee too Sparing and Thinne it attaineth no Strength of Odour Except it be in such Plants as are very Succulent Whereby they need rather to be scanted in their Nourishment than replenished to haue them sweet As we fee in White Satyrian which is of a Dainty Smell And in Beane-Flowers c. And againe if the Plant be of Nature to put forth White Flowers onely and those not thinne or dry they are commonly of rancke and fulsome Smell As May-Flowers and White Lillies Contrariwise in Berries the White is commonly more Delicaee and Sweet in Taste than the Coloured As wee see in White Grapes In White Raspes In White Strawberries In White Carraâ— c. The Cause is for that the Coloured are more iuyced and courfer iuyced And therefore not so well and equally Concocted But the White are better proportioned to the Disgestion of the Plant. But in Fruits the White commonly is meaner As in Peare-Plums Daâ—asiâ—s c. And the Choicest Plammes are Blacke The Malberry which though they call it a Berry is a Fruit is better the Blacke than the White The Haruest White-Plâ—mme is a base Plâ—mme And the Verdoccie and White Date-Plamme are no very good Plummes The Cause is for that they are all Ouer-watry Whereas an higher Concoction is required for Sweetnesse or Pleasure of Taste And therefore all your dainty Plummes are a little dry and come from the Stone As the Muscle-Plumme the Damasin-Plumme the Peach the Apricet c. Yet some Fruits which grow not to be Blacke are of the Nature of Berries sweetest such as are Paler As the Caeâ—r-Cherry which inclineth more to White is sweeter than the Red But the Egriot is more sowre Take Gilly-Flower Seed of one kinde of Gilly-Flower As of the Cloue-Gilly-Flower which is the most Common And sow it And there will come vp Gilly-Flowers some of one Colour and some of another casually as the Seed meeteth with Nourishment in the Earth So that the Gardiners finde that they may haue two or three Roots amongst an hundred that are rare and of great Price As Purple Carnation of Seuerall Stripes The Canse is no doubt that in Earth though it be contiguous and in one Bed there are very feuerall luyees And as the Seed doth casually meet with them so it commethforth And it is noted especially that those which doe come vp Purple doe alwayes come vp Single The Iuyee as it seemeth not being able to suffice a Succulent Colour and a Double Leafe This Experiment of seuerall Colours comming vp from one Seed would be tried also in Larkes-Foot Moukes-Head Rappy and Hollyoke Few Fruits are coloured Red within The Queene-Apple is And another Apple called the Rose Apple Mulberries likewise and Grapes though most toward the Skinne There is a Peach also that hath a Circle of Red towards the Stone And the Egriot-Cherry is somewhat Red within But no Peare nor Warden not Plumme nor Apricet although they haue many times Red sides are Coloured Red within The Canse may be enquired The Generall Colour of Plants is Greene which is a Colour that no Flower is of There is a Greenish Prime-Rose but it is Pale and scatce a Greene The Leaues of some Trees turne a little Murry or Reddish And they be commonly Young Leaues that doe so As it is in Oakes and Vines and Hasle Leaves tot into a Yellow And some Hollies haue part of their Leaues Yellow that are to all seeming as Fresh and Shining as the Greene. I suppose also that Yellow is a lesse Succulent Colour than Greene And a degree nearer White For it hath beene noted that those Yellow Leaues of Holly stand euor towards the North or North-East Some Roots are Yellow as Carress And some Plants Bloud-Red Stalke and Leafe and all as Amaranthus Some Herbs incline to Purple and Red As a Kinde of Sage doth and a Kinde of Mint and Rosa Solis c. And Some haue White Leaues as another Kinde of Sape and another kinde of Mins But Azure and a Paire Purple are neuer found in Leaues This Sheweth that Flowers are made of a Refined luyce of the Earth And so are Fruits But Leaues of a more Courfe and Common It is a Curiosity also to make Flowers Double Which is effected by Often Remouing them into New Earth As on the contrary Part Double Flowers by neglecting and not Remouing proue Single And the Way to doe it speedily is to sow or set Seeds or Slips of Flowers And as soone
the Salt-Water doe neuerthelesse delight more in Fresh Wee see that Salmons and Smelts loue to get into Riuers though it be against the Streame At the Hauen of Constantinople you shall haue great Quantities of Fish that come from the Euxine-Sea that when they come into the Fresh Water doe inebriate and turne vp their Bellies So as you may take them with your Hand I doubt there hath not beene sufficient Experiment made of Putting Sea-Fish into Fresh Water Ponds and Pooles It is a Thing of great Vse and Pleasure For so you may haue them new at some good distance from the Sea And besides it may be the Fish will eat the pleasanter and may fall to breed And it is said that Colchester Oysters which are put into Pits where the Sea goeth and commeth but yet so that there is a Fresh Water Comming also to them when the Sea voideth become by that meanes Fatter and more Growne The Turkish-Bow giueth a very Forcible Shoot Insomuch as it hath beene knowne that the Arrow hath pierced a Stecle Target or a Peece of Brasse of two Inches thicke But that which is more strange the Arrow if it be Headed with Wood hath beene knowne to pierce thorow a Peece of Wood of eight Inches thicke And it is certaine that wee had in vse at one time for Sea-Fight short Arrowes which they called Sprights without any other Heads saue Wood sharpned which were discharged out of Muskets and would pierce thorow the Sides of Ships where a Bullet would not pierce But this dependeth vpon one of the greatest Secrets in all Nature Which is that Similitude of Substance will cause Attraction where the Body is wholly freed from the Motion of Grauitie For if that were taken away Lead would draw Lead and Gold would draw Gold and Iron would draw Iron without the helpe of the Load-Stone But this same Motion of Weight or Grauitie which is a meere Motion of the Matter and hath no Affinitie with the Forme or Kinde doth kill the other Motion except it selfe be killed by a violent Motion As in these Instances of Arrowes For then the Motion of Attraction by Similitude of Substance beginneth to shew it selfe But wee shall handle this Point of Nature fully in due Place They haue in Turkey and the East certaine Confections which they call Seruetts which are like to Candied Conserues And are made of Sugar and Limons or Sugar and Citrons or Sugar and Violets and some other Flowers And some Mixture of Amber for the more delicate Persons And those they dissolue in Water and thereof make their Drinke because they are forbidden Wine by their Law But I doe much maruell that no Englishman or Dutehman or German doth set vp Brewing in Constantinople Considering they haue such Quantitie of Barley For as so the generall Sort of Men Frugalitie may be the Cause of Drinking Water For that it is no small Sauing to pay nothing for ones Drinke But the better Sort mought well be at the Cost And yet I wonder the lesse at it because I see France Italie or Spaine haue not taken into vse Beere or Ale Which perhaps if they did would better both their Healths and their Complexions It is likely it would be Matter of great Gaine to any that should begin it in Turkey In Bathing in Hot Water Sweat neuerthelesse commeth not in the Parts vnder the Water The Cause is First for that Sweat is a Kinde of Colliquation And that Kinde of Colliquation is not made either by an Ouer-Drie Heat or an Ouer-Moist Heat For Ouer-Moisture doth somewhat extinguish the Heat As wee see that euen Hot Water quencheth Fire And Ouer-Drie Heat shutteth the Pores And therefore Men will sooner Sweat couered before the Sunne or Fire than if they stood Naked And Earthen Bottles filled with Hot Water doe prouoke in Bed a Sweat more daintily than Bricke-bats Hot. Secondly Hot Water doth cause Euaporation from the Skin So as it spendeth the Matter in those Parts vnder the Water before it issueth in Sweat Againe Sweat commeth more plentifully if the Heat be increased by Degrees than if it be greatest at first or equall The Cause is for that the Pores are better opened by a Gentle Heat than by a more Violent And by their opening the Sweat issueth more abundantly And therefore Physitians may doe well when they prouoke Sweat in Bed by Bottles with a Decoction of Sudorisicke Herbs in Hot Water to make two Degrees of Heat in the Bottles And to lay in the Bed the lesse Heated first and after halfe an Houre the more Heated Sweat is Salt in Taste The Cause is for that that Part of the Nourishment which is Fresh and Sweet turneth into Bloud and Flesh And the Sweat is only that Part which is Separate and Excerned Bloud also Raw hath some Saltnesse more than Flesh because the Assimilation into Flesh is not without a little and subtile Excretion from the Bloud Sweat commeth forth more out of the Vpper Parts of the Body than the Lower The Reason is because those Parts are more replenished with Spirits And the Spirits are they that put forth Sweat Besides they are lesse Fleshy and Sweat issueth chiefly out of the Parts that are lesse Fleshy and more Dry As the Forehead and Breast Men Sweat more in Sleepe than Waking And yet Sleepe doth rather stay other Fluxions than cause them As Rheumes Loosenesse of the Body c. The Cause is for that in Sleepe the Heat and Spirits doe naturally moue inwards and there rest But when they are collected once within the Heat becommeth more Violent and Irritate And thereby expelleth Sweat Cold Sweats are many times Mortall and neere Death And alwayes ill and Suspected As in Great Feares Hypochondricall Passions c. The Cause is for that Cold Sweats come by a Relaxation or Forsaking of the Spirits wherby the Moisture of the Body which Heat did keepe firme in the Parts seuereth and issueth out In those Diseases which cannot be discharged by Sweat Sweat is ill and rather to be stayed As in Diseases of the Lungs and Fluxes of the Belly But in those Diseases which are expelled by Sweat it easeth and lightneth As in Agues Pestilences c. The Cause is for that Sweat in the Latter Sort is partly Criticall and sendeth forth the Matter that offendeth But in the Former it either proceedeth from the Labour of the Spirits which sheweth them Oppressed Or from Motion of Consent when Nature not able to expell the Disease where it is seated moueth to an Expulsion indifferent ouer all the Body The Nature of the Glo-wormexs is hitherto not well obserued Thus much we see That they breed chiefly in the Hottest Moneths of Summer And that they breed not in Champaigne but in Bushes and Hedges Wherby it may be conceiued that the Spirit of them is very fine and not to be refined but by Summer Heats And againe that by reason of the Finenesse
to the Deity Which is the Authour by Power and Prouidence of Strange Wonders Laughing causeth a Dilatation of the Mouth and Lips A Continued Expulsion of the Breath with the loud Noise which maketh the Interiection of Laughing Shaking of the Breast and Sides Running of the Eyes with Water if it be Violent and Continued Wherein first it is to be vnderstood that Laughing is scarce properly a Passion but hath his Source from the Intellect For in Laughing there euer precedeth a Conceit of somewhat Ridiculous And therefore it is Proper to Man Secondly that the Cause of Laughing is but a Light Touch of the Spirits and not so deepe an Impression as in other Passions And therefore that which hath no Affinity with the Passions of the Minde it is moued and that in great vehemency onely by Tickling some Parts of the Body And we see that Men euen in a Grieued State of Minde yet cannot sometimes forbeare Laughing Thirdly it is euer ioyned with some Degree of Delight And therefore Exhilaration hath some Affinity with Ioy though it be a much Lighter Motion Res seneraest verum Gandium Fourthly that the Obiect of it is Deformity Absurdity Shrew'd Turnes and the like Now to speake of the Causes of the Effects before mentioned whereunto these Generall Notes giue some Light For the Dilatation of the Mouth and Lips Continued Expulsion of the Breath and Voice and Shaking of the Breast and Sides they proceed all from the Dilatation of the Spirits Especially being Sudden So likewise the Running of the Eyes with Water as hath beene formerly touched where we spake of the Teares of Ioy and Griefe is an Effect of Dilatation of the Spirits And for Suddennesse it is a great Part of the Matter For we see that any Shrew'd Turne that lighteth vpon Another Or any Deformity c. moueth Laughter in the Instant Which after a little time it doth not So we cannot Laugh at any Thing after it is Stale but whilest it is New And euen in Tickling if you Tickle the Sides and giue warning Or giue a Hard or Continued Touch it doth not moue Laughter so much Lust causeth a Flagrancy in the Eyes and Priapisme The Cause of both these is for that in Lust the Sight and the Touch are the Things desired And therefore the Spirits resort to those partâ— whch are most affected And note well in generall For that great Vse may be made of the Obseruation that euermore the Spirits in all Passions resort most to the Parts that labour most or are most affected As in the last which hath been mentioned they resort to the Eyes and Venereous Parts In Feare and Anger to the Heart In Shame to the Face And in Light Dislikes to the Head It hath beene obserued by the Ancients and is yet beleeued that the Sperme of Drunken Men is Vnfruitfull The Cause is for that it is Ouer-moistened and wanteth Spissitude And we haue a merry Saying that they that goe Drunke to Bed get Daughters Drunken Men are taken with a plaine Defect or Destitution in Voluntary Motion They â—â—ele They tremble They cannot stand nor speake strongly The â—â—â—â— is for that the Spirits of the Wine oppresse the Spirits Animall and â—â—â— pate Part of the Place where they are And so make them Weake to moue And therefore Drunken Men are apt to fall asleepe And Opiates and Stupefactines as Poppy Henbane Hemlocke c. induce a kinde of Drunkennesse by the Grossenesse of their Vapour As Wine doth by the Quantity of the Vapour Besides they rob the Spirits Animall of their Matter whereby they are nourished For the Spirits of the Wine prey vpon it as well as they And so they make the Spirits lesse Supple and Apt to moue Drunken Men imagine euery Thing turneth round They imagine also that Things Come vpon them They See not well Things a farre off Those Things that they See neare hand they See out of their Place And sometimes they see Things double The Cause of the Imagination that Things turne Round is for that the Spirits themselues turne being compressed by the Vapour of the Wine For any Liquid Body vpon Compression turneth as we see in Water And it is all one to the Sight whether the Visuall Spirits moue or the Obiect moueth or the Medium moueth And we see that long Turning Round breedeth the same Imagination The Cause of the Imagination that Things come vpon them is for that the Spirits Visuall themselues draw backe which maketh the Obiect seeme to come on And besides when they see Things turne Round and Moue Feare maketh them thinke they come vpon them The Cause that they cannot see Things a farre off is the Weaknesse of the Spirits for in euery Megrim or Vertige there is an Obtenebration ioyned with a Semblance of Turning round Which we see also in the lighter Sort of Swonnings The Cause of Seeing things out of their Place is the Refraction of the Spirits Visuall For the Vapour is as an Vnequall Medium And it is as the Sight of Things out of place in Water The Cause of Seeing Things double is the Swift and Vnquiet Motion of the Spirits being Oppressed to and fro For as was said before the Motion of the Spirits Visuall and the Motion of the Obiect make the same Appearances And for the Swift Motion of the Obiect we see that if you fillip a Lute-String it sheweth double or Treble Men are sooner Drunke with Small Draughts than with Great And againe Wine Sugred inebriateth lesse than Wine Pure The Cause of the Former is for that the Wine descendeth not so fast to the Bottome of the Stomach But maketh longer Stay in the Vpper Part of the Stomach and sendeth Vapours faster to the Head And therefore inebriateth sooner And for the same Reason Sops in Wine Quantity for Quantity inebriate more than Wine of it selfe The Cause of the Latter is for that the Sugar doth inspissate the Spirits of the Wine and maketh them not so easie to resolue into Vapour Nay further it is thought to be some Remedy against Inebriating if Wine Sugred be taken after Wine Pure And the same Effect is wrought either by Oyle or Milke taken vpon much Drinking The Vse of Wine in Dry and Consumed Bodies is hurtfull In Moist and Full Bodies it is good The Cause is for that the Spirits of the Wine doe prey vpon the Dew or Radicall Moisture as they terme it of the Body and so deceiue the Animall Spirits But where there is Moisture Enough or Superfluous there Wine helpeth to disgest and desiccate the Moisture The Catterpiller is one of the most Generall of Wormes and breedeth of Dew and Leaues For we see infinite Number of Catterpillers which breed vpon Trees and Hedges By which the Leaues of the Trees or Hedges are in great Part consumed As well by their Breeding out of the Leafe as by their Feeding vpon the Leafe They breed in the Spring chiefly
Timber-House where the Walls and other Parts haue Columnes and Beames But the Roofe is in the better Sort of Houses all Tile or Lead or Stone As for Birds they haue Three other Hard Substances proper to them The Bill which is of like Matter with the Teeth For no Birds haue Teeth The Shell of the Egge And their Quills For as for their Spurre it is but a Naile But no Liuing-Creatures that haue Shells very hard As Oysters Cockles Mussles Scallops Crabs Lobsters Cra-fish Shrimps and especially the Tortoise haue Bones within them but onely little Gristles Bones after full Growth continue at a Stay And so doth the Skull Hornes in some Creatures are cast and renued Teeth stand at a Stay except their Wearing As for Nailes they grow continually And Bills and Beakes will ouer-grow and sometimes be cast as in Eagles and Parrots Most of the Hard Substances fly to the Extremes of the Body As Skull Hornes Teeth Nailes and Beakes Onely the Bones are more Inward and clad with Flesh. As for the Entrailes they are all without Bones Saue that a Bone is sometimes found in the Heart of a Stag And it may be in some other Creature The Skull hath Braines as a kinde of Marrow within it The Back-Bone hath one Kinde of Marrow which hath an Affinity with the Braine And other Bones of the Body haue another The Iaw-Bones haue no Marrow Seuered but a little Pulpe of Marrow diffused Teeth likewise are thought to haue a kind of Marrow diffused which causeth the Sense and Paine But it is rather Sinnew For Marrow hath no Sense No more than Bloud Horne is alike throughout And so is the Naile None other of the Hard Substances haue Sense but the Teeth And the Teeth haue Sense not onely of Paine but of Cold. But we will leaue the Enquiries of other Hard Substances vnto their seuerall Places And now enquire onely of the Teeth The Teeth are in Men of three Kindes Sharpe as the Fore-Teeth Broad as the Back-Teeth which we call the Molar-Teeth or Grinders And Pointed-Teeth or Canine which are betweene both But there haue beene some Men that haue had their Teeth vndiuided as of one whole Bone with some little Marke in the Place of the Diuision As Pyrrhus had Some Creatures haue Ouer-long or Out-growing Teeth which wee call Fangs or Tuskes As Boares Pikes Salmons and Dogs though lesse Some Liuing Creatures haue Teeth against Teeth As Men and Horses And some haue Teeth especially their Master-Teeth indented one within Another like Sawes As Lions And so againe haue Dogs Some Fishes haue diuers Rowes of Teeth in the Roofes of their Mouthes As Pikes Salmons Trouts c. And many more in Salt-Waters Snakes and other Serpents haue Venomous Teeth which are sometimes mistaken for their Sting No Beast that hath Hornes hath Vpper Teeth And no Beast that hath Teeth aboue wanteth them below But yet if they be of the same kinde it followeth not that if the Hard Matter goeth not into Vpper Teeth it will goe into Hornes Not yet â—â— conuerse For Doe's that haue no Hornes haue no Vpper Teeth Horses haue at three yeares old a Tooth put forth which they call the Colts Tooth And at foure yeares old there commeth the Mark-Tooth which hath a Hole as big as you may lay a Pease within it And that weareth shorter and shorter euery yeare Till that at eight yeares old the Tooth is smooth and the Hole gone And then they say That the Marke is out of the Horses Mouth The Teeth of Men breed first when the Childe is about a yeare and halfe old And then they cast them and new come about seuen yeares old But diuers haue Backward-Teeth come forth at Twenty yea some at Thirty and Forty Quare of the manner of the Comming of them forth They tell a Tale of the old Countesse of Desmond who liued till she was seuen-score yeares old that she did Dentire twice or thrice Casting her old Teeth and others Comming in their Place Teeth are much hurt by Sweet-Meats And by Painting with Mercury And by Things Ouer-hot And by Things Ouer-cold And by Rheumes And the Paine of the Teeth is one of the sharpest of Paines Concerning Teeth those Things are to be Considered 1. The Preseruing of them 2. The Keeping of them White 3. The Drawing of them with Least Paine 4. The Staying and Easing of the Tooth-ach 5. The Binding in of Artificiall Teeth where haue beene strucken out 6. And last of all that Great One of Restoring Teeth in Age. The Instances that giue any likelihood of Restoring Teeth in Age are The Late Comming of Teeth in some And the Renewing of the Beakes in Birds which are Commateriall with Teeth Quare therefore more particularly how that commeth And againe the Renewing of Hornes But yet that hath not beene knowne to haue beene prouoked by Art Therfore let Triall be made whether Hornes may be procured to grow in Beasts that are not Horned and how And whether they may be procured to come Larger than vsuall As to make an Oxe or a Deere haue a Greater Head of Hornes And whether the Head of a Deere that by Age is more Spitted may be brought againe to be more Branched For those Trialls and the like will shew whether by Art such Hard Matter can be called and prouoked It may be tryed also whether Birds may not haue some thing done to them when they are Young wherby they may be made to haue Greater or Longer Bills Or Greater and Longer Tallons And whether Children may not haue some Wash or Something to make their Teeth Better and Stronger Corall is in vse as an Helpe to the Teeth of Children Some Liuing Creatures generate but at certaine Seasons of the Yeare As Deere Sheepe Wilde Conneyes c. And most Sorts of Birds and Fishes Others at any time of the Yeare as Men And all Domesticke Creatures As Horses Hogges Dogges Cats c. The Cause of Generation at all Seasons seemeth to be Fulnesse For Generation is from Redundance This Fulnesse ariseth from two Causes Either from the Nature of the Creature if it be Hot and Moist and Sanguine Or from Plenty of Food For the first Men Horses Dogges c. which breed at all Seasons are full of Heat and Moisture Dones are the fullest of Heat and Moisture amongst Birds and therefore breed often The Tame Doue almost continually But Deere are a Melancholy Dry Creature as appeareth by their Fearefulnesse and the Hardnesse of their Flesh. Sheepe are a Cold Creature as appeareth by their Mildnesse and for that they seldome Drinke Most sort of Birds are of a dry Substance in comparison of Beasts Fishes are cold For the second Cause Fulnesse of Food Men Kine Swine Dogs c. seed full And we see that those Creatures which being Wilde generate seldome being Tame generate often Which is from Warmth and Fulnesse of Food We finde that the Time of Going to Rut of Deore
may be many Deawes fall that spend before they come to the Valleys And I suppose that he that would gather the best May-Deaw for Medicine should gather it from the Hills It is said they haue a manner to prepare their Greeke-Wines to keepe them from Fuming and Inebriating by adding some Sulphur or Allome Whereof the one is Vnctnous and the other is Astringent And certaine it is that those two Natures doe best represse Fumes This Experiment would be transferred vnto other Wine and Strong Beere by Putting in some like Substances while they worke Which may make them both to Fume lesse and to Inflame lesse It is conceiued by some not improbably that the reason why Wilde-Fires Whereof the principall Ingredient is Bitumen doe not quench with Water is for that the first Concretion of Bitumen is a Mixture of a Fiery and Watry Substance So is not Sulphur This appeareth for that in the Place neare Puteoli which they call the Court of Valcan you shall heare vnder the Earth a Horrible Thundring of Fire and Water conflicting together And there breake forth also Spouts of Boyling Water Now that Place yeeldeth great Quantities of Bitumen Whereas AEtna and Vesuuius and the like which consist vpon Sulphur shoot forth Smoake and Ashes and Pumice but no Water It is reported also that Bitumen Mingled with Lime and Put vnder Water will make as it were an Artificiall Rocke The Substance becommeth so Hard. There is a Cement compounded of Floure Whites of Egges and Stone powdred that becommeth Hard as Marble wherewith Piscina mirabilis neare Cuma is said to haue the Walls Plastered And it is certaine and tried that the Powder of Load-Stone and Flint by the Addition of Whites of Egges and Gumm-Dragon made into Paste will in a few dayes harden to the Hardnesse of a Stone It hath beene noted by the Ancients that in Full or Impure Bodies Vlcers or Hurts in the Leggs are Hard to Cure And in the Head more Easie. The Cause is for that Vlcers or Hurts in the Leggs require Deficcation which by the Defluxion of Humours to the Lower Parts is hindred Whereas Hurts and Vlcers in the Head require it not But contrariwise Drinesse maketh them more apt to Consolidate And in Moderne Obseruation the like difference hath beene found betweene French-Men and English-Men Where of the ones Constitution is more Dry and the others more Moist And therefore a Hurt of the Head is harder to cure in a French-Man and of the Legge in an English-Man It hath beene noted by the Ancients that Southerne Winds blowing much without Raine doe cause a Feuourous Disposition of the Yeare But with Raine not The Cause is for that Southerne Winds doe of themselues qualifie the Aire to be apt to cause Feuers But when Showers are ioyned they doe Refrigerate in Part and Checke the Sultry Heat of the Southerne Wind. Therefore this holdeth not in the Sea-Coasts because the Vapour of the Sea without Showers doth refresh It hath beene noted by the Ancients that Wounds which are made with Brasse heale more easily than Wounds made with Iron The Cause is for that Brasse hath in it selfe a Sanatiue Vertue And so in the very Instant helpeth somewhat But Iron is Corrosiue and not Sanatiue And therefore it were good that the Instruments which are vsed by Chirurgians about Wounds were rather of Brasse than Iron In the Cold Countries when Mens Noses and Eares are Mortified and as it were Gangrened with Cold if they come to a Fire they rot off presently The Cause is for that the few Spirits that remaine in those Parts are suddenly drawne forth and so Putrefaction is made Compleat But Snow Put vpon them helpeth For that it preserueth those Spirits that remaine till they can reuiue And besides Snow hath in it a Secret Warmth As the Monke proued out of the Text Qui dat Niuem sicut Lanam Gelu sicut Cineres spargit Whereby he did inferre that Snow did warme like Wooll and Frost did fret like Ashes Warme Water also doth good Because by little and little it openeth the Pores without any sudden Working vpon the Spirits This Experiment may be transferred vnto the Cure of Gangrenes either Comming of themselues or induced by too much Applying of Opiates Wherein you must beware of Dry Heat and resort to Things that are Refrigerant with an Inward Warmth and Vertue of Cherishing Weigh Iron and Aqua Fortis seuerally Then dissolue the Iron in the Aqua Fortis And weigh the Dissolution And you shall finde it to beare as good Weight as the Bodies did seuerally Notwithstanding a good deale of Wast by a thicke Vapour that issueth during the Working Which sheweth that the Opening of a Body doth increase the Weight This was tried once or twice but I know not whether there were any Errour in the Triall Take of Aqua-Fortis two Ounces of Quick-siluer two Drachmes For that Charge the Aqua-Fortis will beare The Dissolution will not beare a Flint as big as a Nutmeg Yet no doubt the Increasing of the Weight of Water will increase his Power of Bearing As we see Broine when it is Salt enough will beare an Egge And I remember well a Physitian that vsed to giue some Minerall Baths for the Gout c. And the Body when it was put into the Bath could not get downe so easily as in Ordinary Water But it seemeth the Weight of the Quick-siluer more than the Weight of a Stone doth not compense the Weight of a Stone more than the Weight of the Aqua-Fortis Let there be a Body of Vnequall Weight As of Wood and Lead or Bone and Lead If you throw it from you with the Light-End forward it will turne and the Weightier End will recouer to be Forwards Vnlesse the Body be Ouer-long The Cause is for that the more Dense Body hath a more Violent Pressure of the Parts from the first Impulsion Which is the Cause though heretofore not found out as hath been often said of all Violent Motions And when the Hinder Part moueth swifter for that it lesse endureth Pressure of Parts than the Forward Part can make way for it it must needs be that the Body turne ouer For turned it can more easily draw forward the Lighter Part. Gaâ—â—laeus noteth it well That if an Open Trough wherein Water is be driuen faster than the Water can follow the Water gathereth vpon an heape towards the Hinder End where the Motion began Which he supposeth holding confidently the Motion of the Earth to be the Cause of the Ebbing and Flowing of the Ocean Because the Earth ouer-runneth the Water Which Theory though it be false yet the first Experiment is true As for the Inequality of the Pressure of Parts it appeareth manifestly in this That if you take a Body of Stone or Iron and another of Wood of the same Magnitude and Shape and throw them with equall Force you cannot possibly throw the
hath lesse being many wayes corrected And this Experiment would be made about the End of March For that Season is likest to discouer what the Winter hath done And what the Summer following will doe vpon the Aire And because the Aire no doubt receiueth great Tincture and Infusion from the Earth It were good to trie that Exposing of Flesh or Fish both vpon a Stake of Wood some heighth aboue the Earth and vpon the Flat of the Earth Take May-Dew and see whether it putrifie quickly or no For that likewise may disclose the Qualitie of the Aire and Vapour of the Earth more or lesse Corrupted A Drie March and a Drie May portend a Wholesome Summer if there be a Showring Aprill betweene But otherwise it is a Signe of a Pestilentiall Yeare As the Discouerie of the Disposition of the Aire is good for the Prognosticks of Wholesome and Vnwholesome Yeares So it is of much more vse for the Choice of Places to dwell in At the least for Lodges and Retiring Places for Health For Mansion Houses respect Prouisions as well as Health Wherein the Experiments aboue mentioned may serue But for the Choice of Places or Seats it is good to make Triall not only of Aptnesse of Aire to corrupt but also of the Moisture and Drinesse of the Aire and the Temper of it in Heat or Cold For that may concerne Health diuersly Wee see that there be some Houses wherein Sweet Meats will relent and Baked Meats will mould more than in others And Wainscoats will also sweat more so that they will almost run with Water All which no doubt are caused chiefly by the Moistnesse of the Aire in those Seats But because it is better to know it before a Man buildeth his House than to finde it after take the Experiments following Lay Wooll or a Sponge or Bread in the Place you would trie comparing it with some other Places And see whether it doth not moisten and make the Wooll or Sponge c. more Ponderous than the other And if it doe you may iudge of that Place as Situate in a Grosse and Moist Aire Because it is certaine that in some Places either by the Nature of the Earth or by the Situation of Woods and Hills the Aire is more Vnequall than in Others and Inequalitie of Aire is euer an Enemy to Health It were good to take two Weather-Glasses Matches in all things and to set them for the same Houres of One day in seuerall Places where no Shade is nor Enclosures And to marke when you set them how farre the Water commeth And to compare them when you come againe how the Water standeth then And if you finde them Vnequall you may be sure that the Place where the Water is lowest is in the Warmer Aire and the other in the Colder And the greater the Inequalitie be of the Ascent or Descent of the Water the greater is the Inequalitie of the Temper of the Aire The Predictions likewise of Cold and Long Winters and Hot and Drie Summers are good to be knowne As well for the Discouerie of the Causes as for diuers Prouisions That of Plenty of Hawes and Heps and Briar-Berries hath beene spoken of before If Wainscast or Stone that haue vsed to Sweat be more drie in the Beginning of Winter Or the Drops of the Eaues of Houses come more slowly downe than they vse it portendeth a Hard and Frostie Winter The Cause is for that it sheweth an Inclination of the Aire to Drie Weather which in Winter is euer ioyned with Frost Generally a Moist and Coole Summer portendeth a Hard Winter The Cause is for that the Vapours of the Earth are not dissipated in the Summer by the Sunne And so they rebound vpon the Winter A Hot and Drie Summer and Autumne and especially if the Heat and Drought extend farre into September portendeth an Open Beginning of Winter And Colds to succeed toward the latter Part of the Winter and the Beginning of the Spring For till then the former Heat and Drought beare the Sway And the Vapours are not sufficiently Multiplied An Open and Warme Winter portendeth a Hot and Drie Summer For the Vapours disperse into the Winter Showres Whereas Cold and Frost keepeth them in and transporteth them into the late Spring and Summer following Birds that vse to change Countries at certaine Seasons if they come Earlier doe shew the Temperature of Weather according to that Country whence they came As the Winter-Birds namely Woodcocks Feldefares c. if they come earlier and out of the Northerne Countries with vs shew Cold Winters And if it be in the same Country then they shew a Temperature of Season like vnto that Season in which they come As swallowes Bats Cuckooes c. that come towards Summer if they come early shew a Hot Summer to follow The Prognosticks more Immediate of Weather to follow soone after are more Certaine than those of Seasons The Resounding of the Sea vpon the Shoare And the Murmur of Winds in the Woods without apparent Wind shew Wind to follow For such Winds breathing chiefly out of the Earth are not at the first perceiued except they be pent by Water or Wood. And therefore a Murmur out of Caues likewise portendeth as much The Vpper Regions of the Aire perceiue the Collection of the Matter of Tempest and Winds before the Aire here below And therefore the Obscuring of the Smaller Starres is is a Signe of Tempests following And of this kinde you shall finde a Number of Instances in our Inquisition De Ventis Great Mountaines haue a Perception of the Disposition of the Aire to Tempests sooner than the Valley's or Plaines below And therefore they say in Wales when certaine Hills haue their Night-Cups on they meane Mischiefe The Cause is for that Tempests which are for the most part bred aboue in the Middle Region as they call it are soonest perceiued to collect in the Places next it The Aire and Fire haue Subtill Perceptions of Wind Rising before Men finde it Wee see the Trembling of a Candle will discouer a Wind that otherwise wee doe not feele And the Flexuous Burning of Flames doth shew the Aire beginneth to be vnquiet And so doe Coales of Fire by Casting off the Ashes more than they vse The Cause is for that no Wind at the first till it hath strooke and driven the Aire is Apparent to the Sense But Flame is easier to moue than Aire And for the Ashes it is no maruell though Wind vnperceiued shake them off For wee vsually trie which way the Wind bloweth by casting vp Grasse or Chaffe or such light Things into the Aire When Wind expireth from vnder the Sea As it causeth some Resounding of the Water whereof wee spake before so it causeth some Light Motions of Bubbles and White Circles of Froth The Cause is for that the Wind cannot be perceiued by the Sense vntill there be an Eruption of a great Quantitie from vnder the Water And so it
getteth into a Body Whereas in the first Putting vp it commeth in little Portions We spake of the Ashes that Coales cast off And of Grasse and Chaffe carried by the Wind So any Light Thing that moueth when we finde no Wind sheweth a Wind at hand As when Feathers or Downe of Thistles fly to and fro in the Aire For Prognosticks of Weather from Liuing Creatures it is to be noted That Creatures that Liue in the Open Aire Sub Diô must needs haue a Quicker Impression from the Aire than Men that liue most within Doores And especially Birds who liue in the Aire freest and clearest And are aptest by their Voice to tell Tales what they finde And likewise by the Motion of their Flight to expresse the same Water-Fowles as Sea-Gulls More-Hens c. when they flocke and fly together from the Sea towards the Shores And contrariwise Land-Birds as Crowes Swallowes c. when they fly from the Land to the Waters and beat the Waters with their Wings doe fore-shew Raine and Wind. The Cause is Pleasure that both Kindes take in the Moistnesse and Density of the Aire And so desire to be in Motion and vpon the Wing whither soeuer they would otherwise goe For it is no Maruell that Water-Fowle doe ioy most in that Aire which is likest Water And Land-Birds also many of them delight in Bathing and Moist Aire For the same Reason also many Birds doe proine their Feathers And Geese doe gaggle And Crowes seeme to call vpon Raine All which is but the Comfort they seeme to receiue in the Relenting of the Aire The Heron when she foareth high so as sometimes she is seene to passe ouer a Cloud sheweth Winds But Kites flying aloft shew Faire and Dry Weather The Cause may be for that they both mount most into the Aire of that Temper wherein they delight And the Heron being a Water-Fowle taketh pleasure in the Aire that is Condensed And besides being but Heauy of Wing needeth the Helpe of the Grosser Aire But the Kite affecteth not so much the Grossenesse of the Aire as the Cold and Freshnesse thereof For being a Bird of Prey and therefore Hot she delighteth in the Fresh Aire And many times flyeth against the Wind As Trouts and Salmons swimme against the Streame And yet it is true also that all Birds finde an Ease in the depth of the Aire As Swimmers doe in a Deepe Water And therefore when they are aloft they can vphold themselues with their Wings Spred scarce mouing them Fishes when they play towards the Top of the Water doe commonly foretell Raine The Cause is for that a Fish hating the Dry will not approach the Aire till it groweth Moist And when it is Dry will fly it and Swimme Lower Beasts doe take Comfort generally in a Moist Aire And it maketh them eat their Meat better And therefore Sheepe will get vp betimes in the Morning to feed against Raine And Cattell and Deere and Conneyes will feed hard before Raine And a Heifer will put vp his Nose and snuffe in the Aire against Raine The Trifoile against Raine swelleth in the Stalke and so standeth more vpright For by Wet Stalkes doe erect and Leaues bow downe I here is a Small Red Flower in the Stubble-Fields which Country People call the Wincopipe Which if it open in the Morning you may be sure of a faire Day to follow Euen in Men Aches and Hurts and Cornes doe engrieue either towards Raine or towards Frost For the One maketh the Humours more to Abound And the Other maketh them Sharper So we see both Extremes bring the Gout Wormes Vermine c. doe fore-shew likewise Raine For Earth-wormes will come forth and Moules will cast vp more and Fleas bite more against Raine Solide Bodies likewise fore-shew Raine As Stones and Wainscot when they sweat And Boxes and Peggs of Wood when they Draw and Wind hard Though the Former be but from an Outward Cause For that the Stone or Wainscot turneth and beateth backe the Aire against it selfe But the latter is an Inward Swelling of the Body of the Wood it selfe Apetite is moued chiefly by Things that are Cold and Dry The Cause is for that Cold is a Kinde of Indigence of Nature and calleth vpon Supply And so is Drinesse And therefore all Soure Things as Vinegar Iuyce of Limons Oyle of Vitrioll c. prouoke Appetite And the Disease which they call Appetitus Caninus consisteth in the Matter of an Acide and Glassy Flegme in the Mouth of the Stomach Appetite is also moued by Soure Things For that Soure Things induce a Contraction in the Nerues placed in the Mouth of the Stomach Which is a great Cause of Appetite As for the Cause why Onions and Salt and Pepper in Baked Meats moue Appetite it is by Vellication of those Nerues For Motion whetteth As for Worme-Wood Oliues Capers and others of that kinde which participate of Bitternesse they moue Appetite by Abstersion So as there be foure Principall Causes of Appetite The Refrigeration of the Stomach ioyned with some Drinesse Contraction Vellication And Abstersion Besides Hunger which is an Emptinesse And yet Ouer Fasting doth many times cause the Appetite to cease For that Want of Meat maketh the Stomach draw Humours And such Humours as are Light and Cholericke which quench Appetite most It hath beene obserued by the Ancients that where a Raine-Bow seemeth no hang ouer or to touch there breatheth forth a Sweet Smell The Cause is for that this happeneth but in certaine Matters which haue in themselues some Sweetnesse Which the Gentle Dew of the Raine-Bow doth draw forth And the like doe Safe Showers For they also make the Ground Sweet But none are so delicate as the Dew of the Rain-bow where it falleth It may be also that the Water it selfe bath some Sweetnesse For the Raine-Bow consisteth of a Gloâ—â—eration of Small Drops which cannot possibly fall but from the Aire that is very Low And therefore may hold the very Sweetnesse of the Herbs and Flowers as a Distilled Water For Raine and other Dew that fall from high cannot preserue the Smell being dissipated in the drawing vp Neither doe we know whether some Water it selfe may not haue some degree of Sweetnesse It is true that wee finde it sensibly in no Poole Riuer nor Fountaine But good Earth newly turned vp hath a Freshnesse and good Sent Which water if it be not too Equall For Equall Obiects neuer moue the Sense may also haue Certaine it is that Bay-Salt which is but a kinde of Water Congealed will sometimes smell like Violets To Sweet Smells Heat is requisite to Concoct the Matter And some Moisture to Spread the Breath of them For Heat we see that Woods and Spices are more Odorate in the Hot Countries than in the Cold For Moisture we see that Things too much Dried lose their Sweetnesse And Flowers growing smell better in a Morning or Euening than at Noone Some Sweet Smells are
But in the first Kinde it is more Diffused and more Mastered by the Grosser Parts which the Spirits doe but disgest But in Drinkes the Spirits doe raigne and finding lesse Opposition of the Parts become themselues more Strong Which causeth also more Strength in the Liquour Such as if the Spirits be of the Hotter Sort the Liquour becommeth apt to Burne But in Time it causeth likewise when the Higher Spirits are Euapourated more Sourenesse It hath beene obserued by the Ancients that Plates of Metall and especially of Brasse applied presently to a Blow will keepe it downe from Swelling The Cause is Repercussion without Humectation or Entrance of any Body for the Plate hath onely a Virtuall Cold which doth not search into the Hurt Whereas all Plasters and Ointments doe enter Surely the Cause that Blowes and Bruises enduce Swellings is for that the Spirits resorting to Succour the Part that Laboureth draw also the Humours with them For we see that it is not the Repulse and the Returne of the Humour in the Part Strucken that causeth it For that Gouts and Tooth-Aches cause Swelling where there is no Percussion at all The Nature of the Orris Root is almost Singular For there be few Odoriferous Roots And in those that are in any degree Sweet it is but the same Sweetnesse with the Wood or Leafe But the Orris is not Sweet in the Leafe Neither is the Flower any thing so Sweet as the Root The Root seemeth to haue a Tender dainty Heat Which when it commeth aboue Ground to the Sunne and the Aire vanisheth For it is a great Mollifier And hath a Smell like a Violet It hath been obserued by the Ancients that a great Vessell full drawne into Bottles And then the Liquour put againe into the Vessell will not fill the Vessell againe so full as it was but that it may take in more Liquour And that this holdeth more in Wine than in Water The Cause may be Triuiall Namely by the Expence of the Liquour in regard some may sticke to the Sides of the Bottles But there may be a Cause more Subtill Which is that the Liquour in the Vessell is not so much Compressed as in the Bottle Because in the Vessell the Liquour meeteth with Liquour chiefly But in the Bottles a Small Quantity of Liquour meeteth with the Sides of the Bottles which Compresse it so that it doth not Open againe Water being contiguous with Aire Cooleth it but Moisteneth it not except it Vapour The Cause is for that Heat and Cold haue a Virtuall Transition without Communication of Substance but Moisture not And to all Madefaction there is required an Imbibition But where the Bodies are of such seuerall Leuity and Grauity as they Mingle not there can follow no Imbibition And therefore Oyle likewise lyeth at the Top of the Water without Commixture And a Drop of Water running swiftly ouer a Straw or Smooth Body wetteth not Starre-light Nights yea and bright Moone-shine Nights are Colder than Cloudy Nights The Cause is the Drinesse and Finenesse of the Aire which thereby becommeth more Piercing and Sharpe And therefore Great Continents are colder than Islands And as for the Moone though it selfe inclineth the Aire to Moisture yet when it shineth bright it argueth the Aire is dry Also Close Aire is warmer than Open Aire which it may be is for that the true Cause of Cold is an Expiration from the Globe of the Earth which in open Places is stronger And againe Aire it selfe if it be not altered by that Expiration is not without some Secret Degree of Heat As it is not likewise without some Secret Degree of Light For otherwise Cats and Owles could not see in the Night But that Aire hath a little Light Proportionable to the Visuall Spirits of those Creatures The Eyes doe moue â—â—â—â—â—â— way For when one Eye moueth to the Nosthrill the other moueth from the Nosthrill The Cause is Motion of Consent which in the Spirits and Parts Spirituall is Strong But yet Vse will induce the Contrary For some can Squint when they will And the Common Tradition is that if Children be set vpon a Table with a Candle behinde them both Eyes will moue Outwards As affecting to see the Light and so induce Squinting We see more exquisitely with One Eye Shut than with Both Open. The Cause is for that the Spirits Visuall vnite themselues more and so become Stronger For you may see by looking in a Glasse that when you shut one Eye the Pupill of the other Eye that is Open Dilateth The Eyes if the Sight meet not in one Angle See Things Double The Cause is for that Seeing two Things and Seeing one Thing twice worketh the same Effect And therefore a little Pellet held betweene two Fingers laid a-crosse seemeth Double Pore-blinde Men see best in the Dimmer Lights And likewise haue their Sight Stronger neare hand than those that are not Pore-blinde And can Reade and Write smaller Letters The Cause is for that the Spirits Visuall in those that are Pore-blinde are Thinner and Rarer than in others And therefore the Greater Light disperseth them For the same Cause they need Contracting But being Contracted are more strong than the Visuall Spirits of Ordinary Eyes are As when we see thorow a Leuell the Sight is the Stronger And so is it when you gather the Eye-lids somewhat close And it is commonly seene in those that are Poreblinde that they doe much gather the Eye-lids together But Old Men when they would see to Reade put the Paper somewhat a farre off The Cause is for that Old Mens Spirits Visuall contrary to those of Pore-blinde Men vnite not but when the Obiect is at some good distance from their Eyes Men see better when their Eyes are ouer-against the Sunne or a Candle if they put their Hand a little before their Eye The Reason is for that the Glaring of the Sunne or the Candle doth weaken the Eye wheras the Light Circumfused is enough for the Perception For we see that an Ouer-light maketh the Eyes Dazell Insomuch as Perpetuall Looking against the Sunne would Cause Blindnesse Againe if Men come out of a Great Light into a Darke Roome And contrariwise if they come out of a Darke Roome into a Light Roome they seeme to haue a Mist before their Eyes and see worse than they shall doe after they haue stayed a little while either in the Light or in the Darke The Cause is for that the Spirits Visuall are vpon a Sudden Change disturbed and put out of Order And till they be recollected doe not performe their Function well For when they are much Dilated by Light they cannot Contract suddenly And when they are much Contracted by Darknesse they cannot Dilate suddenly And Excesse of both these that is of the Dilatation and Contraction of the Spirits Visuall if it belong Destroyeth the Eye For as long Looking against the Sunne or Fire hurteth the Eye by Dilatation
Things The one Rings of Sea Horse Teeth worne vpon the Fingers The other Bands of Greene Periwinckle the Herbe tied about the Calfe of the Leg or the Thigh c. where the Crampe vseth to come I doe finde this the more strange because Neither of these haue any Relaxing Vertue but rather the Contrary I iudge therefore that their Working is rather vpon the Spirits within the Nerues to make them striue lesse Than vpon the Bodily Substance of the Nerues I would haue Triall made of two other Kindes of Bracelets for Comforting the Heart and Spirits The one of the Trechisch of Vipers made into little Peeces of Beads For since they doe great Good Inwards especially for Pestilent Agues it is like they will be Effectuall Outwards Where they may be applied in greater Quantity There would be Trochish likewise made of Snakes Whose Flesh dried is thought to haue a very Opening and Cordiall Vertue The other is of Beads made of the Scarlet Powder which they call Kermes Which is the Principall Ingredient in their Cordiall Confection Alkermes The Beads would be made vp with AmberGrice and some Pomander It hath beene long receiued and confirmed by diuers Trialls That the Root of the Male-Piony dried tied to the Necke doth helpe the Falling-Sicknesse And likewise the Incubus which wee call the Mare The Cause of both these Diseases and especially of the Epilepsie from the Stomach is the Grossenesse of the Vapours which rise and enter into the Cells of the Braine And therfore the Working is by Extreme and Subtill Attenuations Which that Simple hath I iudge the like to be in Castoreum Muske Rew-Seed Agnus Castus Seed c. There is a Stone which they call the Bloud-Stone which worne is thought to be good for them that Bleed at the Nose Which no doubt is by Astriction and Cooling of the Spirits Quare if the Stone taken out of the Toads Head be not of the like Vertue For the Toade loueth Shade and Coolenesse Light may be taken from the Experiment of the Horse-Tooth-Ring and the Garland of Periwinckle how that those things which asswage the Strife of the Spirits doe helpe diseases contrary to the Intention desired For in the Curing of the Crampe the Intention is to relax the Sinnewes But the Contraction of the Spirits that they striue lesse is the best Helpe So to procure easie Tranailes of Women the Intention is to bring downe the Childe But the best Helpe is to stay the Comming downe too Fast Whereunto they say the Toad-Stone likewise helpeth So in Pestilent Feaners the Intention is to expell the Intection by Sweat and Enapouration But the best Meanes to doe it is by Nitre Diascordium and other Coole Things which doe for a time arrest the Expulsion till Nature can doe it more quietly For as one faith prettily In the Quenching of the Flame of a Pestilent Ague Nature is like People that come to quench the Fire of a House which are so busie as one of them letteth another Surely it is an Excellent Axiome and of Manifold Vse that whasoeuer appeaseth the Contention of the Spirits furthereth their Action The Writers of Naturall Magick commend the Wearing of the Spoile of a Snake for Preseruing of Health I doubt it is but a Conceit For that the Snake is thought to renue her Touth by Casting her Spoile They might as well take the Beake of an Eagle or a Peece of a Harts-Horne because those Renue It hath beene Anciently Receiued For Pericles the Athenian vsed it and it is yet in vse to weare little Bladders of Quick-Siluer or Tablets of Arsenicke as Preseruatines against the Plague Not as they conceiue for any Comfort they yeeld to the Spirits but for that being Poysons themselues they draw the Venome to them from the Spirits Vide the Experiments 95.96 and 97. touching the Seuerall Sympathies and Antipathies for Medicinall Vse It is said that the Guts or Skin of a Wolfe being applyed to the Belly doe cure the Cholicke It is true that the Wolfe is a Beast of great Edacity and Disgestion And so it may be the Parts of him comfort the Bowels We see Scare-Crowes are set vp to keep Birds from Corne and Fruit It is reported by some that the Head of a Wolfe whole dried and hanged vp in a Done-House will scare away Vermine Such as are Weasils Polcats and the like It may be the Head of a Dog will doe as much For those Vermine with vs know Dogs better than Wolues The Braines of some Creatures when their Heads are roasted taken in Wine are said to strengthen the Memory As the Braines of Hares Braines of Hens Braines of Deeres c. And it seemeth to be incident to the Braines of those Creatures that are Fearefull The Ointment that Witches vse is reported to be made of the Fat of Children digged out of their Granes Of the Iuyees of Smallage Wolfe-bane and Cinquefoile Mingled with the Meale of fine Wheat But I suppose that the Soperiferous Medicines are likest to doe it Which are Henbane Hemlocke Mandrake Moone-Shade Tabacco Opium Saffron PoplarLeaues c. It is reported by some that the Affections of Beasts when they are in Strength doe adde some Vertue vnto Inanimate Things As that the Skin of a Sheepe deuoured by a Wolfe moueth Itching That a Stone bitten by a Dog in Anger being throwne at him drunke in Powder prouoketh Choler It hath beene obserued that the Diet of Women with Childe doth worke much vpon the Infant As if the Mother eat Quinces much and Coriander-Seed the Nature of both which is to represse and stay Vapours that ascend to the Braine it will make the Childe Ingenious And on the contrary side if the Mother eat much Onions or Beanes or such Vapourous Food Or drinke Wine or Strong Drinke immoderately Or Fast much Or be giuen to much Musing All which send or draw Vapours to the Head It endangereth the Childe to become Lunaticke or of Ionperfect Memory And I make the same Iudgement of Tobacco often taken by the Mother The Writers of Naturall Magicke report that the Heart of an Ape worne neare the Heart comforteth the Heart and increaseth Audacity It is true that the Ape is a Merry and Bold Beast And that the same Heart likewise of an Ape applied to the Necke or Head helpeth the Wit And is good for the Falling-Sicknesse The Ape also is a Witty Beast and hath a Dry Braine Which may be some Cause of Attenuation of Vapours in the Head Yet it is said to moue Dreames also It may be the Heart of a Man would doe more but that is more against Mens Mindes to vse it Except it be in such as weare the Reliques of Saints The Flesh of a Hedge-Hog Dressed Eaten is said to be a great Drier It is true that the Iuyce of a Hedge-Hog must needs be Harsh and Dry because it putteth forth so many Prickles For Plants also that are full of Prickles are generally Dry As