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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A59999	A short compendium of chirurgery containing its grounds & principles : more particularly treating of imposthumes, wounds, ulcers, fractures & dislocations : also a discourse of the generation and birth of man, very necessary to be understood by all midwives and child-bearing women : with the several methods of curing the French pox, the cure of baldness, inflammation of the eyes, and toothach, and an account of blood-letting, cup-setting, and blooding with leeches / by J.S., M.D.	J. S. (John Shirley), M.D.; Shirley, John, 1648-1679.	1678 (1678)	Wing S3496; ESTC R38236	39,001	140

upper Parts looseness of the Teeth Exulceration of the Mouth and too great a Flux of Blood The Diarhaea is asswaged by the decoction of Guaiac mixt with a little White-Wine and taken for some days in the Morning whereby the humours Acrimony is mitigated and sweetned But in general those evils are remedied by changing of Chamber and Linnen precipitating the Mercury downwards by astringent Gargarisms and Clysters by letting Blood in the Foot and chiefly by purgations wherein some Salt of Tartar must always be added to sweeten and drive down the Humours Some do often swallow a Golden Pill which becomes white but it carries away the Mercury in so little quantity that the other Remedies are not therefore to be omitted The end of Friction is to stimulate a Chris●s which doth not proceed from Nature without it be provoked and helped by some Medicament whose quantity ought to be adapted to the vehementness of the Disease and forces of the Patient least the Medicaments being too strong they cast him into an incurable Consumption or being too weak they do not eradicate the Disease which afterwards is found much more intense and incurable than before The third Cure is by Plaisters and Cerowins and is something slower than the former but more convenient in Relapses and for the mitigation of pain and the resolution of knobs and hardness but because it doth not act so speedily the best of Artists do joyn to it some Frictions Besides the Plaisters of De Vigo the following may be profitably used and applied on the parts mentioned in the Article of Friction Take of Melilot Plaister and Saffron-Vinegar of each half a Pound Quenched Quick-Silver six Ounces Oyl of Laurel and Land Lavendel as much as needs Reduce all to the form of a Plaister The Scope of this Remedy as of the former is the procuring of a Crisis either by insensible transpiration Flux of the Belly or Urines but oftner and better by a flowing of the Mouth which with the Gums and Cheeks is thereby as aforesaid often exulcerated because of the Humours Tenacity and Acrimony and these Ulcers must by no means be repelled but be mitigated by Gargarisms composed of Decocted Barley Cows Milk and the like which may diminish the mouths inflammation and wash off the Humours sticking to it but if this accident as it happens sometimes be too intense that it threatneth an extinction of the natural heat we must for some time defer the proper Cure to cohibit so pernicious a Symptom according to Art As for the Teeths loosness it is cured by astringent Gargarisms but more powerfully if the Gums be touched with Aqua secunda of the Goldsmiths The fourth manner by Suffumigations is not so much approved because of many evil dispositions which it leaveth in the Body They nevertheless thus proceed to it The Patient being seated under a Curtain well and carefully extended they cast in a Chaffing-dish a good quantity of persume composed of Cinabre mixt with Brimstone and Quicksilver whereunto is added Iris of Florence Frankinsence Mirrhe Iuncus odoratus Assaodorata Terebenthine and Theriak and continue this Suffumigation till the Mouth begins to flow and that is its Crisis This Diseases Symptoms are so manifold that I think fitter to remit the Reader to such Authors as treat of it at large than to say but a part of what is needful to be known though most may be referred to the General Cure of Impostumes CHAP. VIII Of some other Indispositions which are Cured by Chirurgery HAving thus far proceeded we are to treat in the present Chapter of some other Indispositions cured by Chirurgery whereof some requiring an experienced Artist others yielding themselves to the meanest Capacities and this little Treatise being written only for the use of discreet Beginners we shall only speak of the following Of Baldness Baldness is a falling off of the Hair from the Head caused either by defect of Nourishment or the corruption of it That which proceeds from Old Age the Hectick Feaver Burnings or Tinea is incurable But that which may be cured is thus proceeded unto The Universal Remedies being fitly instituted the remaining Hair must be shaved resolving Fomentations used and having caused the vitious humours to be digested by the application of Cups and Leeches the Head must be washed in Lye made of Iris and Aloes lastly drawing Fomentations must be ministred for the attraction of laudable Vapours If it be caused by want of nourishment the Head must be rubbed with a course Linnen Cloth till it grows red and if it proceeds from the Venerean Pox the body must be anointed with Quick-Silver to a perfect salivation Of the Eyes The Eyes diseases are manifold but their inflammation is the most common their causes are External as Falls Blows Dust Smoke c. or internal namely a defluxion flowing to the Eye It is known by the heavine●s of the Head the Eyes redness pain swelling and pulsation of its Arteries It is cured by the same administration of universal remedies as in Phlegmons and the due application of Topical ones whereof this Collire is of a perspicuous effect Take Rose and Plantain Water of each half an Ounce the mucilage of Gum Tragacant two Ounces and the White of an Egg make a Collire to Distil luke-warm in the Eye applying upon it a double Linnen Cloth dipped in the same Collire The Blood of Doves Pigeons or Hens instilled warm in the Eye mitigates the pain of it and is its proper Balm But if a Relapse is feared Cups applied on the Shoulders and an Issue in the Pole are very fit to divert the Fluxion Tooth-ach There is scarce any pain equal to that of the Tooth-ach It proceeds from the influxion of a hot or cold humour or the Tooth being hollow or rotten from the entrance of ambient Air and the refrigeration of cold Meat or Drink The Internal causes are taken away by a due administration of Universal Remedies and if the pain proceeds from a hot cause which is known by its sharpness and a great pulsation of the Tooth and Temples it is mitigated by remedies contrary to it as to wash the Mouth with Granate juice Plantain Water and a little Vinegar all being boiled with Roses Wild Granate Flowers and Sumach If the Cause be the fluxion of a cold humour which is dis●●rned by a heaviness of the Head and frequent spitting the Teeth are profitably washed with Garland-Libanotis Sage Pierethre decocted in Wine and Vinegar whereunto is added a little Srong-Water and dissolved Treacle But if it proceeds from a rottenness of the Tooth there is no better remedy than the drawing of it and if it be but a Root procure the corruption of it by a Cotten dipt in Aqua-fortis having first tried the Odontalgick Essence of Flubault Of Phlebotomy or Blood letting Phlebotomy being an Operation necessary to be known of a beginner in Chirurgery I have thought fit to say here something of it They define it An Incision of the Vein evacuating the Blood and the other Humours contained with it Before it be administred if there be any Excrements remaining of the former Coction they must be evacuated by a Clyst●r or Suppository and thus when necessity requireth or for precaution in persons neither too old not too young Phlebotomy is celebrated in the following manner The Patient being conveniently scituated the Chirurgeon rubs the part which is to be opened with his hand or a warm Linnen cloth to cause the Bloods attraction then the said part is bound with a Fillet a little above the place of Incision which is designed by a touch of the Nail and the Operation is performed with a fit Lancet limiting its evacuation to the strength of the Patient and the curative intention Lastly the incised place must be carefully bound least an Hemoragy might happen Of Cup-setting When the matter is conjoyned and impacted Cupps are commonly applied I have commonly thus seen some proceed to operation having something rubbed the destinated place they set on it some kindled ends of Wax Candle fastened on a Counter or such other thing and over it apply the Cup which then draws very powerfully the Humours up then taking them off Incisions are made in their circle with a Lancet or Instrument called Scarrificatory and they are again applied in the same manner as before laying afterward Plaisters of Diapalma or Album Rasis over the Incisions till they be agglutinated Of Leeches Where Blood-letting or Cup-setting cannot be performed Leeches are commonly applied either by making a little Incision in the skin or anointing it with a drop of some other Blood or Sugard milk for then they will stick fast and when you will make them easily fall off touch but their head with a little Aloes or Salt and if you will know what quantity of Blood they have drawn lay them in the things aforesaid and they will revomit it besides if you will have them to draw more than their capacity is cut their posteriour part when they are well fast and the Blood will run through their Bodies which also is stanched if it flowes when they are taken away by the half of a Bean or some burnt Linnen applied on the little wound Thus I finish and if the Reader takes this short Treatise in good part I have my Desire and END

un Cordier cordant vent accorder sa Corde Pour sa corde accorder trois cordens il accorde Mais si un des cordons de la Corde discorde Le Cordon discordant fait discorder la Corde When a Ropemaker makes a Rope Of smaller Ropes he twisteth three But he cannot attain his Hope If One of them do disagree We shall then divide this small Treatise into six other Chapters The First whereof shall give the general Documents of Impostumes The Second of Wounds The Third of Ulcers The Fourth of Fractures and Dis●ocations The Fifth of the Generation and Production of Man The Sixth of the Venereal Disease The Seventh of some other Indispositions that are Cured by Chir●rgery An Impostume then is defined A Disease composed of three others 1. Intempery 2. Evil Conformation 3. Solution of Continuity The general Causes of it are 1. Fluxion 2. Congestion The subordinate ones of the first whereof are commonly 1. A lower scituation of the part af●ected 2. The Soreness of it 3. It s Heat caused by a two violent motion 4. The outward Proximity of some hot Body 5. Or the application of sharp medicaments The Causes of Congestion are two namely a defect of Assimulation in the Diseased part 2. The infirmity of the Expulsive Function The difference of Impostumes are manifold but they are chiefly taken of their quality whereby they are termed great of a mean greatness or little Or of the part affected as Opthalmys in the Eye Varices in the Legs Or of their Accidents as their Soreness whence they are called painful smarting insensible c. Or of their Colour by reason of which some are called red white livid yellow c. But the chiefest and most necessary difference is that which is taken from the matter whereof they are composed which the following Discourse will more clearly manifest The Matter of Impostumes is either I. Natural Which is 1. Hot as Blood whence is made a true Phlegm Or Choler whence a true Erisipelas is produced 2. Cold as first Phlegm whence riseth a true OEdema Secondly Melancholy whence is made a Schirrus II. Or Against Nature which is either First Blood whence are made 1. Carbuncles 2. Antraces 3. Gangrenae 4. Istiomene 5. Sphacelus Secondly Choler whence are produced 1. Herpes of the thickest 2. Herpes miliares of the thinnest Thirdly Phlegm whence arise 1. Waterish 2. Windy Impostumes 3. Scrophulae 4. Knobs c. Fourthly Melancholy whence are engendred 1. A spurious Schirrus 2. All kinds of Cankers The signs of a Sanguine Impostume are pain in the diseased part the heat of it its redness and tention Coldness softness and a lesser pain indicates a Phlegmatick one A yellowish and pale Colour and a smarting pain sheweth it to be Cholerick And Tension Hardness and Lividity with some pain by fits do manifest that it is caused of Melancholly or thick Blood The Antients believed also that they had the Paroxisms and moving time of such Humours as they are made of Thus the indisposition of an OEdema was more intense from midnight till Sun-rising a Phlegmon more painful from Sun-rising till Noon thence to Sun-setting an Erisipelas and a Scirrhus or Canker from that time till Midnight Concerning the Prognosticks of Impostumes those that are caused of cold humours or thick Blood are of a longer Curation and such whose matter is against nature are healed with greater difficulty than those caused of a natural one whereunto you may add such as turn themselves in Schirres and Knobs There is to be considered in all Impostumes four times viz. 1. Their Beginning 2. Augmentation 3. State 4. Decrease The first whereof is when the part beginneth to swell and pain The second when the swelling pain and other accidents do increase The third when they receive no augmentation The fourth when they do decrease They are commonly termined in four manners namely 1. By Resolution 2. Suppuration 3. Induration of the part 4. Or by its Corruption and Gangrene which is worst of all The Signs of resolution are an itching of the diseased part with the slacking of Pulsation Tension Heat and other accidents Those of Suppuration are the greatness and vehemency of the Feavour pain pulsation and heat A diminution of swelling and pain and a hardness left in the affected part do indicate its Induration And when the accidents of heat pain pulsation and tension are greater than they use to be in Suppuration when the pain ceaseth suddenly without any manifest cause if the part grows livid and blackish and lastly if it stinkes Gangreen is more than fully signified The first Indication in the Cure of all Impostumes is the prohibiting of Fluxion by repelling and intercepting Remedies The second is an evacuation of the matter causing it whether it be by resolution repulsion or suppuration If it be caused by Congestion then the part is to be corroborated and the accidents corrected taking alwayes the Indication from the most urgent We ought in this Cure to observe three things namely Whether the matter causing the Impostume be ready to Flow Floweth or is yet Impacted in the diseased part In the beginning of all Impostumes we ought alwayes to use repelling Remedies unless it be 1. When the matter is venenous thick s●ow viscous or deep hidden 2. When the Abcess is Critical 3. The fluxion near the Noble parts 4. And falleth on too weak a Member 5. And lastly when the Body it self is wholly Plethorical A Chirurgeon being but the Helper of Nature ought chiefly in the increase state and declination of Impostumes to attend what she aimeth at whether it be to resolution or suppuration without forceing her to a contrary motion when that which she intends is not wholly perninitious Whereunto to attain I have here added the Description of some Cataplasms wherewith one may perform all necessary Intention in the general Cure of Impostumes The matter causing them is discussed and repelled by the following Cataplasm Recipe Barley meal the Iuice of House Leek and Plantain of each two Ounces powder made of Pomegranate rind and of wild Granate Flowers with a like quantity of Roses two Drachms Oyl of Mirtle and Roses of each an O●nce make a Cataplasme They are Resolved by this Recipe Mallows Marshmallows of each three handfulls let them boyl adding thereunto Barley meal two Ounces ordinary Honey one Ounce Oyl of Camomile and Melilot of each an Ounce and half make a Cataplasme The following brings them to Suppuration Recipe The Roots of White Lillies and Marshmallows the Leaves of Mallows Pellitory and Grounsel of each one handful let them be boyled in Metheglin stamped and sithed add to them Powder of Linseed two ounces Swines fat and Oyl of Lilies of each an Ounce and a half Make a Cataplasme And this last mittigates the pain of them when it is too intense Recipe Crums of White bread dipped in luke-warm Milk a pound and half Yolkes of Eggs three Oyl of Roses two Ounces and one Scruple of