hot and moist Also to provoke one to the sports of Venus we use such things as stir up the veneral faculty These are hotter than those that encrease Seed yet not so dry that they should consume the Seed Take notice of this 〈◊〉 that some things dull Venus by cold and some over power her by 〈◊〉 The one of those 〈◊〉 the Seed the other makes it torped and sluggish staies the Itching For the Seed of Man is subject to as many contingents as the Man himself is It is not my 〈◊〉 here to treat of them for such things as make Seed either thinner or thicker are not properly said to breed Seed For the time when Seed should be encreased I need say nothing unless I should say when a Man hath got a prety 〈◊〉 If the Body be vicious let it first be purged let Seed be entreased before it be provoked Biting things lessen the Seed stir up the Venerial parts to expulsion cause Itching or tickling of the 〈◊〉 therefore they are good to be used a little before the act otherwise the constant use of them consumes and 〈◊〉 the Seed Observe thus much that one and the same Medicine doth not suit with every complexion for example If the person be 〈◊〉 let the Medicine be the hotter The use of these Medicines is the propagation of Mankind for the desire of Children inches many to Copulation but the pleasure that is in the 〈◊〉 ten times more Chap. 18. Of Medicines casing Pain THere is no dispute of the story but that which causeth the disease causeth the pain as also what 〈◊〉 the disease caseth the pain Yet are those properly called 〈◊〉 which is the Physical term for such Medicines which barely regard the pain both cause and disease remaining These are temperate for heat and thin for essence For seeing they are to be applied both to hot and cold effects they ought not to vary much from temperature They something excel in heat and so they ease pain because they open the pores and loosen the skin But they also cool because they let out those hot fuliginous vapors which cause the pain Such things as case pain by 〈◊〉 are called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 not 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 not 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 They do not take away the pain at all 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 cause sleep or so dul the sences that they cannot 〈◊〉 it They are administred at such times when the Symptoms are so grievous that they threaten a 〈◊〉 danger than the disease is If in giving them you fear a greater fluxion will come to the part afflicted mix some things with them which are medicinal for the disease If the pain lie in the skin let the anodines beliquid the deeper it lies the more solid let them be lest their vertue be discussed before they come at the part afflicted CHAP. 19. Of Medicines breeding Flesh. THere are many things diligently to be observed in the cures of Wounds and Ulcers which incur and hinder that the cure cannot be speedily done nor the separated parts reduced to their natural state Viz. Fluxes of Bloud 〈◊〉 Hardness Pain and other things besides our present scope Our present scope is To shew how the cavity of Ulcers may be filled with Flesh Such Medicines are called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Sarcoticks This though it be the work of Nature yet it is helped forward with Medicines that the Bloud may be prepared that it may the easier be turned into Flesh. These are not Medicines which breed good Bloud nor which correct the intemperature of the place afflicted but which defend the Bloud and the Ulcer it self from corruption in breeding Flesh. For Nature in breeding Flesh produceth two sorts of excrements viz. serosus humors and purulentus dross Those Medicines then which clense and consume these by drying are said to breed Flesh because by their helps Nature performs that Office Also take notice that these Medicines are not so drying that they should consume the blood also as well as the Sanies nor so clensing that they should consume the Flesh with the dross Let them not then exceed the first Degree unless the Ulcer be very moist Their difference are various according to the part wounded which ought to be restored with the same Flesh. The softer then and tenderer the place is the gentler let the Medicines be Chap. 20. Of Glutinative Medicines THat is the true cure of an Ulcer which joyns the mouth of it together That is a glutinative Medicine which couples together by drying and binding the sides of an Ulcer before brought together These require a greater drying faculty than the former not only to consume what flows out but what remains liquid in the flesh for liquid flesh is more subject to flow abroad than to stick together The time of using them any body may know without teaching viz. when the Ulcer is clensed and filled with Flesh and such symptoms as hinder are taken away For many times Ulcers must be kept open that the Sanies or sords that lie in them may be purged out whereas of themselves they would heal before Only beware left by too much binding you cause pain in tender parts Chap. 21. Of Scarrifying Medicines THe last part of the cure of an Ulcer is to cover it with Skin and restore the place to its prestin beauty Such Medicines the Greeks call Epulotica This also is done by things drying and binding They differ from the former thus in that they meddle with the Flesh no further than only to convert it into Skin Before you administer Epuloticks let not only the Ulcer but the places adjacent be 〈◊〉 viewed lest ill Symptoms follows Chap. 22. Of Medicines resisting Poyson SUch Medicines ' are called Alexiteria and Alexipharmaca which resist Poyson Some of these resist Poyson by Astral influence and some Physitians though but few can give a reason of it These they have sorted into three Ranks 1. Such as strengthen Nature that so it may 〈◊〉 the Poyson the easier 2. Such as oppose the Poyson by a contrary quality 3. Such as violently thrust it out of doors Such as strengthen Nature against Poyson either do it to the whol Body universally or else strengthen some particular part thereof For many times one particular part of the Body is most afflicted by the Poyson suppose the Stomach Liver Brain or any other part such as cherish and strengthen those parts being weakned may be said to resist Poyson Such as strengthen the Spirits strengthen all the Body Sometimes Poysons kill by their quality and then are they to be corrected by their contraries They which kill by cooling are to be remedied by heating and the contrary they which kill by corrhoding are to be cured by lenitives such as temper their acrimony Those which kill by Induration or Coagulation require cutting Medicines Also because all Poysons are in motion neither stay they in one till they have seised
more delightfull or at least less burdensom in such a case the Table of Vertues at the latter end will universally furnish you with the generality of both Simples and Compounds apropriated to the Disease You may make the mixtures of them in what form you please only for your better instruction at present accept of these few Rules 1. Consider That all Diseases are cured by their contraries but all parts of the Body maintained by their likes Then if heat be the cause of the Disease give the cold Medicine apropriated to it if Wind see how many Medicines apropriated to that Disease expel Wind and use them 〈◊〉 〈…〉 for if your Brain be over heated and you use such Medicines as cool the Heart or Liver you may make mad work 3. The distilled Water of any Herb you would take for a disease is a sit mixture for the Syrup of the same Herb or to make any 〈◊〉 into a Drink if you affect such liquid Medicines best if you have not the distilled water make use of the Decoction 4. Diseases that lie in parts of the Body remot from the Stomach and Bowels it is in vain to think to carry away the cause at once and therefore you had best do it by degrees Pills and such like Medicines which are hard in Body are fittest for such a business because they are longest before they digest 5. Use no strong Medicines if weak will serve the turn you had better take one too weak by half than too strong in the least 6. Consider the Natural temper of the part of the Body afflicted and maintain it in that else you extinguish Nature as the Heart is hot the Brain cold or at least the coldest part of the Body 7. Observe this general Rule That such Medicins as are hot in the first degree are most habitual to our Bodies because they are just of the heat of our Blood 8. All opening Medicines and such as provoke Urine or the Terms or break the Stone may most conveniently be given in white wine because white Wine os it self is of an opening Nature and clenseth the Reins gallantly 9. Let all such Medicines as are taken to stop fluxes or 〈◊〉 be taken before meat about an hour before more or less that so they may strengthen the digestion and retentive faculty before the Food come into the Stomach But such as are subject to vomit up their meat let them take such Medicines as stay vomiting presently after meat at the conclusion of their Meals that so they may close up the mouth of the stomach and that is the reason why usually men eat a 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 after meat because by its sowrness and binding it closeth the mouth of the stomach thereby staying belching and vomiting 10. In taking Purges be very carefull and that you may be so observe these Rules 1. Consider what the humor offending is and let the Medicine be such as purgeth that humor else will you weaken Nature not the Disease 2. Take notice if the humor you would purge out be thin then gentle Medicines will serve the turn but if it be tough and viscous take such Medicines as are cutting and opening the night before you would take the Purge 3. In purging tough humors sorbear as much as may be such Medicines as leave a binding quality behind them 4. Have a care of taking Purges when your Body is astringent your best way is first to open it by a Clyster 5. In taking opening Medicines you may safely take them at night eating but a light supper three or four hours before and the next morning drinking a draught of warm Posset-drink and you need not fear to go about your business In this manner you may take Lenitive Electuary Diacatholicon Pulp of Cassia and the like gentle Electuaries as also all Pills that have neither Diagrydium nor Colocynthis in them But all violent Purges require a due ordering of the Body such ought to be taken in the morning after you are up and not to sleep after them before they have done working at least before night two hours after you have taken them drink a draught of warm Posset-drink or Broath and six hours after eat a bit of Mutton often walking about the Chamber let there be a good fire in the Chamber and stir not out of the Chamber till the Purge have done working or not till next day Lastly Take sweating Medicines when you are in bed covered warm and in the time of your sweating drink Posset-drink as hot as you can drink it if you sweat for a Feaver boyl Sorrel and red Sage in your Posset-drink sweat an hour or longer if your strength will permit then the chamber being kept very warm shift your self all but your Head about which the Cap which you sweat in being still kept on wrap a Napkin very hot to repell the vapors back I confess these or many of these Directions may be found in one place of the Book or other and I delight as little to write tautology as another but the Printer desiring they should be put here and I considering it might make for the publick good inserted them if notwithstanding any will be so mad to do themselves a mischief the fault is not mine The TRANSLATORS PREFACE to the Catalogue of SIMPLES BEfore I begin the Catalogue I thought good to premise a few words to the Reader 1. Let him have a care he mistake not one thing for another viz. Herbs for Roots or either of them for Flowers If he cast but his eye up to the top of the Page he shall there see which it is 2. Let a due time be observed cases of necessity excepted in gathering all Simples for which take these few Rules The time to gather all roots is before the hearb run up to seed for then they are softest as you may see by Radishes carrots parsneps c. the roots of which you may perceive hard when they run up to seed and not because the sap is then in the root as the vulgar hold for if the sap rose and fell as they hold then the root must grow in winter only as the branches do in Summer which experience will shew to be falce for the root grows only in Summer as the branches doe you see what a wooden Docter Tradition is Would not this make every one endevour to Study a reason for what he doeth and see how our forefathers have been lead by the noses by Tradition The truth is it is the Sun is the author of life and growth to the wholl Creation he was ordained of God for that end when he comes on this side of the Equator the trees spring when he passeth to the south side of the Equator they loose their verdant color and growth also till the revolution of time bring his presence to revive them but enough of this in this place Herbs are to be gathered when they are fullest of juyce which is before thy
cordial in such feavers as are accompanied with want of sleep Mithridate Page 106. in the Latin Book The Colledg Take of Mirrh Saffron Agrick Ginger Cinnamon Spicknard Frankinsence Treacle Mustard seeds of each ten drachms the seeds of Hart-wort Opobalsamum or Oyl of Nutmegs by expression Schenanth Stoechas Costus Galbanum Turpentine long Pepper Castorium Juyce of Hypocistis 〈◊〉 Calamitis Opopanax Indian leaf or for want of it Mace of each one ounce Cassia Lignea Poly mountain white Pepper Scordium the seeds of Carrots of Creet Carpobalsamum or Cubebs Troch Cypheos Bdellium of each seven drachms Celtick Spicknard Gum Arabick Macedonian Parsly seed Opium Cardamoms the less Fennel seed Gentian red Rose Leaves Dittany of Creet of each five drachms Annis seeds Asarabacca Orris Acorus the greater Valerian Sagapen of each three drachms Meum Acacia the bellies of Scinks the tops of St. Johns Wort of each two drachms and an half Malaga wine so much as is sufficient to dissolve the Juyces and Gums clarified honey the trebble weight of all the Wine excepted make them into an Electuary according to Art Culpeper A. I have not time to search whether there be any difference between Damocrates and the Colledg It was also corrected afterwards by Bartholomew Maranta Also diverse Authors have spent more time about this and Venis Treacle both of them being terrible messes of Altogether in reducing them into Classes than ever they did in saying their prayers Also Andromacus hath another sort os Methridate It may be it is that usually called with us Venis Mithridate but because the Electuary is very chargable to be made and cannot be made but in great quantities and only that here prescribed is to be gotten or at least easily to be gotten I am willing to spare my pains in any further search A. It is good against poyson and such as have done themselves wrong by taking filthy Medicines it provokes sweat it helps continual watrings of the stomach ulcers in the body consumptions weakness of the limbs rids the body of cold humors and diseases coming of cold it remedles cold infirmities of the brain and stopping of the passage of the sences viz. hearing seeing smelling c. by cold it expels wind helps the chollick provokes 〈◊〉 to ones victuals it helps ulcers in the bladder if Galen say true as also difficulty of Urine it casts out the dead child and helps such women as cannot conccive by reason of cold it is an admirable remedy for melancholly and all diseases of the body coming through cold it would fill a whol sheep of paper to reckon them all up particularly You may take a scruple or half a drachm in the morning and follow your business two drachms will make you sweat yea one dram if your body be weak for then two drams may be dangerous because of its heat how to order your self in sweating you were taught before if you have forgot where look the Table at latter end Phylonium Persicum Page 107. in the Latin Book The Colledg Take of white Pepper the seeds of white Henbane of each two drachms Opium Earth of Lemnos of each ten drachms 〈◊〉 Hematitis Saffron of each five drachms Castorium Indian Spicknard Euphorbium prepared Pellitary of Spain Pearls Amber Zedoary Alicampane Troch Ramach of each a drachm Camphire a scruple with their trebble waight in Honey-Roses make it into an Electuary according to art Culpeper A. All the difference is Mesue appoints Honey whose commendations of it is this It stops blood flowing from any part of the body the immoderate flowing of the terms in women the hemorrhoyds in men spitting of blood bloody fluxes and is profitable for such women as are subject to miscarry See the next Receipt A. Now they have made the quantity the same with Mesue before I think they followed Wicker Phylonium Romanum Page 107. in the Latin Book The Colledg Take of white Pepper White Henbane seeds of each five drachms Opium two drachms and an halfe Cassia Lignea a drachm and an halfe the seeds of Smallage a drachm Parsly of Macedonia Fennel Carrots of Creet of each two scruples and five grains Saffron a scruple and an half Indian Spicknard Pellitory of Spain Zedoary fisteen grains Cinnamon a drachm and an halfe Euphorbium prepared Mirrh Castorium of each a drachm with their trebble waight in clarified Honey make it into an Electuary Culpeper A. It is a most exquisite thing to ease vehement and deadly pains in what part of the body soever they be whether internal or external that vehemency of pain will bring a feaver and a feaver death no man well in his wits will deny therefore in such diseases which cause vehemency of pain as Chollicks the Stone Strangury c. this may be given ordered by the discretion of an able brain for it conduceth little to the cure to mitigate the extremity of pain until convenient remedy may be had as men pump water out before they can stop the hole in a leaking vessel As for other vertues which Authors say this Electuary hath I shall pass them by resting confident that other remedies may be found out for them in this Book as effectual and less dangerous and because the former Electuary is not much unlike to this in some particulars take the same caution in that also I would not have the vulgar meddle with this nor the former Phylonium Magistrale Page 108. in the Latin Book The Colledg Take of Opium four ounces Benjamin Mirrh Mummy of each halfe an ounce Spirit of Wine as much as is sufficient to make it into an Opiate Culpeper A I hold their Laudanum to be a better Midicine for this being exceeding dangerous for an unskilful man to meddle withal I let it alone yet am not ignorant what good it might do to such whose wounds have brought them into a frenzy if given by an able hand 〈◊〉 de Ovo Pag. 108 in the Latin Book Or Electuary of Eggs The Colledg Take a Hens Egge new laid and the white being taken out by a small hole fill up the void place with Saffron leaving the yolk in then the hole being stopped rost it in ashes till the shell begin to look black take dilligent heed the Saffron burn not for then is the whole Medicine spoiled then the matter being taken out dry if so that it may be beaten into pouder and ad to it as much Pouder of white Mustard Seed as it waighs Then take the Roots of white Dittany and Tormentil of each two drachms Mirrh Harts horn Petasitis roots of each one dram the roots of Angellica and Burnet Juniper berries 〈◊〉 Camphire of each halfe an ounce mix them all together in a mortar then ad Venis Treacle the waight of them all stir them about with a pestle three hours together putting in so much Syrup of Lemmons as is enough to make it into an Electuary according to art Culpeper A. A drachm of it given at a time is as
do the like to them and to them that follow this Rule Peace shall be upon them as upon the Israel of God Ita dixit Nich. Culpeper The Names of several Books printed by Peter Cole at the sign of the Printing-Press in Cornhil by the Exchange London Five several Books by Nich. Culpeper Gent. Student in Physick and Astrology 1 A Translation of the New Dispensatory made by the Colledg of Physitians of London Whereunto is added The Key to Galen ' s Method of Physick 2 A DIRECTORY for Midwives or a Guide for Women 3 GALEN ' s Art of PHYSICK with a large Comment 4 The ENGLISH PHYSITIAN being an Astrologo-Physical Discourse of the Vulgar Herbs of this Nation wherein is shewed how to cure a mans self of most Diseases incident to mans Body with such things as grown in England and for three-pence charge Also in the same Book is shewed 1. The time of gathering all Herbs both Vulgarly and Astrologically 2. The way of drying and keeping them and their Juyces 3. The way of making and keeping all manner of useful Compounds made of those Herbs 4. The way of mixing the Medicines according to Cause and mixture of the Disease and the part of the Body afflicted 5 The Anatomy of the Body of Man Wherein is exactly described the several parts of the Body of Man illustrated with very many large Brass Plates A Godly and Fruitful Exposition on the first Epistle of Peter By Mr. John Rogers Minister of the Word of God at Dedham in Essex The Wonders of the Load-stone by Mr. Samuel Ward of Ipswich An Exposition on the Gospel of the Evangelist St. Matthew by Mr. Ward Clows Chirurgery Marks of Salvation Christians Engagement for the Gospel by John Goodwin Great Church Ordinance of Baptism Mr. Love's Case containing his Petitions Narrative and Speech Vox Pacifica or a Perswasive to Peace Dr. Prestons Saints submission and Satans Overthrow Pious mans practice in Parliament Time A Treatise of the Rickets being a Disease common to Children Wherein is shewed 1. The Essence 2. The Causes 3. The Signs 4. The Remedies of the Disease Published in Latin by Dr. Glisson Dr. Bate and Dr. Regemorter now translated into English Mr. Symsons Sermon at Westminster Mr. Feaks Sermon before the Lord Major Mr. Phillips Treatise of Hell of Christs Geneology Seven Books of Mr. Jeremiah Burroughs lately published As also the Texts of Scripture upon which they are grounded 1 The Rare Jewel of Christian Contentment on Phil. 4. 11. Wherin is shewed 1. What Contentment is 2. It is an holy Art and Mystery 3. The Excellencies of it 4. The Evil of the contrary sin of Murmuring and the Aggravations of it 2 Gospel-Worship on Levit. 10. 3. Wherin is shewed 1. The right manner of the Worship of God in general and particularly In Hearing the Word Receiving the Lords Supper and Prayer 3 Gospel-Conversation on Phil. 1. 17. Wherin is shewed 1. That the Conversations of Beleevers must be above what could be by the Light of Nature 2. Beyond those that lived under the Law 3. And sutable to what Truths the Gospel holds forth To which is added The Misery of those Men that have their Portion in this Life only on Psal. 17. 14. 4 A Treatise of Earthly-mindedness Wherein is shewed 1 What Earthly-mindedness is 2 The great Evil therof on Phil. 3. part of the 19. Vers. Also to the same Book is joyned A Treatise of Heavenly-mindedness and walking with God on Gen. 5. 24. and on Phil. 3. 20. 5 An Exposition on the fourth fifth sixth and seventh Chapters of the Prophesie of Hosea 6 An Exposition on the eighth ninth and tenth Chapters of Hosea 7 An Exposition on the eleventh twelfth and thirteenth Chapters of Hosea being now Compleat Twelve several Books of Mr. William Bridg Collected into one Volumn Viz. 1 The great Gospel-Mystery of the Saints Comfort and Holiness opened and applied from Christs Priestly Office 2 Satans Power to Tempt and Christs Love to and Care of His People under Temptation 3 Thankfulness required in every Condition 4 Grace for Grace or the Overflowings of Christs Fulness received by all Saints 5 The Spiritual Actings of Faith through Natural Impossibilities 6 Evangelical Repentance 7 The Spiritual-Life and In-Being of Christ in all Beleevers 8 The Woman of Canaan 9 The Saints Hiding-Place in time of Gods Anger 10 Christs Coming is at our Midnight 11 A Vindication of Gospel Ordinances 12 Grace and Love beyond Gifts A Congregational Church is a Catholike Visible Church By Samuel Stone in New England A Treatise of Politick Power wherein 7 Questions are Answered 1. Whereof Power is made and for what ordained 2. Whether Kings and Governors have an absolute Power over the People 3. Whether Kings and Governors be subject to the Laws of God or the Laws of their Countries 4. How far the People are to obey their Governors 5. Whether all the People have be their Governors 6. Whether it be Lawful to depose an evil Governor 7. What Confidence is to be given to Princes The Compassionate Samaritan Dr. Sibbs on the Philippians The Best and Worst Magistrate by Obadiah Sedgwick The craft and cruelty of the churches Adversaries by Matthew Newcomin A sacred Panygrick by Steph. Martial Barriffs Military Discipline The Immortality of Mans Soul The Anatomist Anatomized King Charls his Case or an Appeal to all rational men concerning his Tryal Mr. Owens stedfastness of the Promises Mr. Owen against Mr. Baxter A Vindication of Free-Grace Indeavoring to prove 1 That we are not elected as holy but that we should be holy and that Election is not of kinds but persons 2. That Christ did not by his death intend to save all men and 〈◊〉 those whom he intended to save that he did not die for them only if they would beleeve but that they might beleeve 3. That we are not justified properly by our beleeving in Christ but by our Christ beleeved in 4. That that which differences one man from another is not the improvement of a common ability restored through Christ to all men in general but a principle of Grace wrought by the Spirit of God in the Elect. By John Pawson Six Sermons Preached by Dr. Hill viz. 1. The Beauty and Sweetness of an Olive Branch of Peace and Brotherly Accommodation budding 2. Truth and Love happily married in the Saints and in the Churches of Christ. 3. The Spring of Strengthning Grace in the Rock of Ages Christ Jesus 4. The strength of the Saints to make Jesus Christ their strength 5. The Best and Worst of Paul 6. Gods eternal Preparations for his dying Saints The Bishop of Canterbury's Speech on the Scaffold The King's Speech on the Scaffold The Magistrates Support and Burden By Mr. John Cardel Eaton on the Oath of Allegiance and Covenant shewing that they oblige not Weights and Measures in the New DISPENSATORY Twenty Grains make a Scruple Three Scruples make a Drachm Eight Drachms make an Ounce Twelve
the Body of Man It doth it by an hidden quality For they not minding the whol Creation as one United Body not knowing what belongs to 〈◊〉 Influence nor regarding that excellent Harmony the only wise God hath made in a composition of Contraries in the knowledg of which consists the whol ground and foundation of Physick no more than a Horse that goes along the street regards when the Clock strikes are totally led by the Nose by that Monster TRADITION who seldom begets any Children but they prove either Fools or Knaves and this makes them so brutish that they can give a Reason for the operation of no Medicine but what is an Object to Sence this their Worships call Manifest and the other Hidden because it is hidden from them and alwaies will if they search no further after it than hitherto they have done A Common-wealth is well holp up with such Physitians that are not only so ignorant but also so careles of knowing the foundation upon which the whol Fabrick of Physick ought to be built and not upon Tradition They profess themselves Galenists I would civilly encreat them but seriously to peruse and labor to be well skilled in the Astronomy of Galen and Hippocrates I confess and am glad to think of it That all Ages have afforded some wise Physitians well skilled in the Principles of what they profess of which this our Age is not wanting and they begin to encrease daily As for others my comfort is That their whol Model will not stand long because it is 〈◊〉 upon the Sand. And if I be not mistaken in my Calculation there are searching times coming and with speed too in which every building that is not built upon the Rock shall fall The Lord will make a quick search upon the face of the Earth But to return to my purpose It is the Manifest Qualities of Medicines that here I am to speak to and you may be pleased to behold it in this order Sect. 1. Of the Temperature of Medicines Sect. 2. Of the Apropriation  Sect. 3. Of the Properties  Sect. 1. Of the Temperáture of Medicines HErbs Plants and other Medicines manifestly operate either by Heat Coldness Driness or Moisture for the world being composed of so many qualities they and only they can be found in the world and the mixtures of them one with another But that these may appear as cleer as the Sun when he is upon the Meridian I shall treat of them severally and in this order 1. Of Medicines Temperate 2. Of Medicines Hot. 3. Of Medicines Cold. 4. Of Medicines Moist 5. Of Medicines Dry. Of Medicines Temperate IF the world be composed of Extreams then it acts by Extreams for as the man is so is his work therefore it is impossible that any Medicine can be temperate but may be reduced to Heat Cold Driness or Moisture and must operate I mean such as operate by manifest quality by one of these because there is no other to operate by and that there should be such a temperate mixture so exquisitely of these qualities in any Medicine that one of them should not manifestly excel the other I doubt it is a Systeme too rare to find Thus then I conclude the matter to be Those Medicines are called Temperate not because they have no excess of Temperature at all in them which can neither be said to heat nor cool so much as wil amount to the first degree of excess for daily experience witnesseth that they being added to Medicines change not their qualities they make them neither hotter nor colder They are used in such Diseases where there is no manifest distemper of the first qualities viz. Heat and Cold for example In obstructions of the Bowels where cold Medicines might make the Obstruction greater and hot Medicines cause a Feaver In Feavers of Flegm where the cause is cold and moist and the effect hot and dry in such use temperate Medicines which may neither encrease the Feaver by their heat nor condensate the Flegm by their coldness Besides Because Contraries are taken away by their Contraries and every Like maintained by its Like They are of great use to preserve the constituion of the Body temperate and the Body it self in strength and vigor and may be used without danger or fear of danger by considering what part of the Body is weak and vsing such temperate Medicines as are apropriated to that part Of Medicines Hot THe care of the Ancient Physitians was such that they did not labor to hide from but impart to posterity not only the temperature of Medicines in general but also their degrees in temperature that so the distempered part may be brought to its temperature and no further for all things which are of a contrary temperature conduce not to cure but the strength of the contrariety must be observed that so the Medicine may be neither weaker nor stronger than just to take away the distemper for if the distemper be but meanly hot and you apply a Medicine cold in the Fourth Degree 't is true you may soon remove that distemper of Heat and bring another of Cold twice as bad Then Secondly Not only the distemper it self but also the part of the body distempered must be heeded for if the Head be distempered by Heat and you give such Medicines as cool the Heart or Liver you will bring another Disease and not cure the former The Degrees then of Temperature are to be diligently heeded which ancient Physitians have concluded to be Four in the first qualities viz. Heat and Cold of each of which we shall speak a word or two severally Of Medicines Hot in the first Degree THose are said to be hot in the first Degree which induce a Moderate and Natural heat to the Body and to the Parts thereof either cold by Nature or cooled by accedent by which Natural heat is cherished when weak or restored when wanting The first Effect then of Medicines hot in the first Degree is by their sweat and temperate heat to reduce the Body to its natural heat as the fire doth the external parts in cold weather unless the affliction of cold be so great that such mild Medicines will not serve the turn The Second Effect is The Mitigation of pain arising from such a distemper and indeed this effect hath other Medicines some that are cold and some that are hotter than the first degree they being rationally applyed to the distemper these Medicines the Greeks call 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and shall be spoken of in their proper places In this place let it suffice that Medicines hot in the first degree make the offending humors thin expel them by sweat or insensible transpiration and these of all other are most congruous or agreeable to the Body of Man for there is no such equal temperature of heat and cold in a sound Man but heat exceeds for we live by heat and moisture and not
Emolients like to them in temperature only Emollients are mething hotter Yet is there a difference as apparent as the Sun is when he is upon the Meridian and the use is manifest For Emollients are to make hard things soft but what Suppures rather makes a generation than an alteration of the humor Natural heat is the efficient cause of Suppuration neither can it be done by any external means Therefore such things are said to suppure which by a gentle heat cherish the inbred heat of man This is done by such Medicines which are not only temperate in heat but also by a gentle viscosity fill up or stop the Pores that so the heat of the part affected be not scattered For although such things as bind hinder the dissipation of the Spirits and internal heat yet they retain not the moisture as Suppuring Medicines properly and especially do The heat then of Suppuring Medicines is like the internal heat of our Bodies As things then very hot are ingrateful either by biting as Pepper or bitterness in Suppuring Medicines no biting no binding no nitrous quality is perceived by the tast I shall give you better satisfaction both in this and others by and by For Reason will tell a man that such things hinder rather than help the work of Nature in Maturation Yet it follows not from hence That all Suppuring Medicines are grateful to the tast for many things grateful to the tast provoke Vomiting therefore why may not the contrary be The most frequent use of Suppuration is to ripen Phlegmonae a general term Physitians give to all swellings proceeding of Blood because Nature is very apt to help such cures and Physick is an art to help not to hinder Nature The time of Use is usually in the height of the disease when the flux is staied as also to ripen matter that it may be the easier purged away Chap. 14. Of Medicines provoking Urin. THe causes by which Urine is suppressed are many 1. By too much drying or sweating it may be consumed 2. By heat or inflamation of the Reins or passages whereby it passes from the Reins it may be stopped by compression Urin is the thinnest part of Blood separated from the thickest part in the Reins If then the Blood be more thick and viscous than ordinary it cannot easily be separated without cutting and clensing Medicines This is for certain That Bloud can neither be separated nor distributed without heat Yet amongst Diureticks are some cold things as the four greater cold Seeds Winter-Cherries and the like Although this seem a wonder yet may it be and both stand with truth For cool Diureticks though they further not the separation of the Bloud one jet yet they clense and purge the passages of the Urin. Diureticks then are of two sorts 1. Such as conduce to the separation of the Bloud 2. Such as open the Urinal passages The former are biting and are known by that tast very hot and cutting whence they penetrate to the Reins and cut the gross humors there Bitter things although they be very hot and cut gross humors yet are they of a 〈◊〉 and terrene substance than is convenient to provoke Urin. Hence then we may safely gather That bitter things are not so moist nor penetrating as such as bite like Pepper Those cold things which provoke Urin though they bite not yet have they a nitrous quality whereby they open and clense For the Use of these the Title will instruct you only lest they carry the humors they find in the Veins to the Reins and so make the stopping the greater purge those places they must pass through before you administer them CHAP. 15. Of Medicines provoking the Terms THose Medicines have a great affinity with those before going For such as provoke the Terms provoke also Urine their Nature is almost the same viz. Hot and of thin essence Only thus much to provoke the Terms not only the Blood is to be attenuated but the mouths of the Vessels also to be opened Such as open those Vessels carry a certain terrene quality with them whereby they not only penetrate but also penetrating dilate the Vessels and carry away the filth with them Things provoking the Terms ought to be hot in the third Degree and yet not very dry That there is an appointed time for the Terms to come down every Woman that is but sixteen years old can tell you Be sure you administer the Medicine at the time they should come down else you will do no other good than weaken Nature Neither must those things be neglected which may bring the Body into a fit temper for such a business If the Body be full of ill humors purge them out first before you administer hot things lest you 〈◊〉 the crude humors into the Veins By avoyding the Menstruis the Body is made lighter and nature disburthened health 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 procured The retaining of them breeds Dropsies Falling-sickness and other cruel Diseases yea sometimes Madness Hippocrates denies any Women have the Gout so long as they have the Terms Chap. 16. Medicines breeding or taking away Milk SEing Milk is bred of Blood there is no question to be made but the way to encrease Milk is to encrease the Blood Yet though Blood be very copious it doth not alwaies follow that Milk must of necessity be so too for the Bloud may be naught or not fit to be turned into Milk or impedited that it cannot Those things are properly said to breed Milk which breed much Bloud and it good and have a moderate cutting faculty also Such things then as breed Milk are hot and of thin parts yet differ much from those that provoke Urine or the Terms The other Being vehemently hot these which breed Milk temperately hot And if driness be adverse to the provoking of the Terms certainly it is most adverse to breeding 〈◊〉 Medicines which breed Milk are in 〈◊〉 either 〈◊〉 or sweet For seeing both Blood and Milk are temperate or at least very moderately hot they must be bred of such things as are not unlike to them in Nature Such things as lessen Milk must needs be contrary to such things as encrease it This is done by drying or thickning the Blood They are known by tast bitter sharp tart 〈◊〉 c. and whatsoever is excessive either in heat or cold If the Body be full of evil juyce purge it before you go about to breed Milk for the more you nourish impure Bodies the more you offend them Chap. 17. Of Medicines regarding the Seed AS Milk so also Seed takes his Original from Blood Therfore of necessity nourishing meats 〈◊〉 much Seed because they beget much Blood This is the difference between such things as breed Milk and such as breed Seed Seed requires a more windy 〈◊〉 than the other doth For this faculty ought to be in Seed that being heat with spirits it may cause the Yard to stand Such Medicines are temperately