a spoonful at â— time two or three hours before his Watering and he wilâ— remain a healthful and sound Horse if he be thus used tiâ—â— he be eight years old for then the chief danger is past The Order of Curing Horses that are Diseas'd The Causes the Signs and the Cureâ— thereof Of the Ague or Fever in Horses THE Learned do hold Three gential Kinds First When the Vital Spirits are inflamed wherein heâ— is predominant more than Nature requireth Secondlâ— When the Humours are distemper'd by heat Thirdlâ— When the firm parts of the body are continually hot â— that the Ague cometh by the excessive heating of the Horsâ— and thereupon a sudden Cold or by fullness of bad Hâ—mours which principally grow from foul full and raâ— feeding and too much rest and for that reason it takeâ— the Horse either hot or cold and to keep due hours to makâ— him shake and tremble as a Man also we may know hoâ— the same appeareth from the Inflamations of the Stomacâ— which scaldeth and maketh the Tongue raw there aâ—other causes viz. by spare feeding not clean feeding aâ—dry feeding and for want of moderate labour The Cuâ— shall be when you perceive his dejected Countenance aâ— that he beginneth to tremble enforce him into a Heat aâ— give him this purging Drink Take a quart of White-Winâ— put therein an Ounce of Aloes small beaten Of Agarâ—â— half an Ounce of Liquorice and Anniseeds half a Draâ— and some Honey warmed a little on the Fire and thâ— ride him until he be hot and let him sweat moderately â— the Stable and take a special care of him wash his Tongâ—â— with Allum water Vinegar and Sage and give him sweâ— Straw to eat and a Gallon of old sweet Oats at Nighâ— give him a good Mash and the next Night after let him â—lâ—ed a quart and if his Blood be very thick dark yei â—ow let him bleed two Quarts and afterwards keep him warm from the Air for three or four days and give him warm Water to drink and a little Saliet-Oyl in it if he will drink it Another of the same Let him blood take of Garmander Four ounces of Gum-Dragonâ—â— and of dead Roses of each an ounce Of Oyle â—live Four Ounceâ— put them into a quart of strong Ale and give it warm to the Horse to drink then ride him unâ—il he sweat and clâ—ath him and keep him warm as aforeâ—aid Of the Ague in the Head The cause of 〈◊〉 Disease proceeds either from cold or â—aking of too much heat or of a raw imperfect Digestion of the Stomach which proceeds principally also from full and foul fâ—â—ding for betwixt the Stomach and the Brain â—s such Assinity as that they do equally communicate their â—amageâ— The Signs are these The hanging down of his â—ead his Eyes will swell and run with Water and he will â—orsake his Meat The Cure is to let him blood in the â—allet of his Mouth and rub it with Salt to make it bleed well then take a â—tick with a Linnen-cloath fastened to â—he end of it well anointed with the Oyl of Bay thrust it â—p and down his Nostrils thereby to open and purge his â—ead Also pâ—rfume him with the smoak of Garlick-stalks â—roken into small pieces Also air him with the smoak of â—rankincense belding the same in a Chafingdish under his Nostrills with a great Cloath cast over his Head and let be done Morning and Evening Keep him with spare â—yet and moderate Exercise the which will cleanse his â—â—omack and make it empty then his brain will not be â—quieted Afterwards let him blood and give him good â—â—â—hes to drink for two days and no cold water as I â—â—all write down the Causes of some Diseases that are most â—â—known to the people so for those that they are so well â—â—quainted with I shall only set down the Cures Of the sudden Sickness of a Horse The cause is for that the Heart which is the Charriot oâ— Life wherein the Soul of the Horse liveth wanting the use of the Veins and Arteries to carry the vital spirit oâ— heat to all the parts of the body to give the Horse feelling and ability to operation by reason of some obstructions of Humours and Cold which for want of Heat cannot be dissolved for that the nature of Cold is to bind and conglutinate together and keep them from their naturaâ— Course proceeding from some violent Exercise and immoderate Feeding and Rest The sign is the sudden dejectment of his Countenance The Cure is to let him blood on both sides of the breast next the heart whereby the Veins and Arteries being evacuated and emptied the may begin to do that office whereunto Nature hath appointed them Let him bleed the quantity of two quarts then give him a comfortable drink to stir up the vital Spirits to actions viz. Take a quart of the best Sack and burn it with Grains Cloves and Cinnamon and a quarteâ— of a pound of the best Sugâ—r and burn it altogether with half a pint of Sallet-Oyl and Four pennyworth of the besâ— Treaâ—le then ride him very gently till he begin to sweat and so turn him into the Stable and let him stand â—â—â— Meats but beware you do for him there according tâ— your direction and be sure you cloath him not too warinâ— for the Drink will throughly warm him and make hiâ— sweat let his drink be warm water wherein boyl Mallowâ— and a handful of Water-Cresses of Fennel and Parsly-seed oâ— each an Ounce and twice in a Morning or Evening wheâ— he is most fasting ride him gently a mile or two Of a Horse that cannot Piss Take a Pint of white Vinegar half a pound of Gimgreeâ— bruise it small and wring out the Juice take a handful â— Fennel a handful of Fox-Gloves the Leaves or the Flowerâ— two ounces of Grommel-seed and half a pint of sweet Honey stamp them well together and strain them into Vinegar leâ— him stand without Meat and Drink Twenty four hours Of the Pains in the Head Take a Pint of Malmsey Five new laid Eggs a head of bruised Garlick small Pepper Cinnamon and Nuâ—megs beaten fine give it him to drink three days together and let him fast five hours after To bring Hair again To bring Hair again take the Dung of Goats some Honey and Allum and the blood of a Hog boyl them together and being hot rub the place therewith Of the Stone and Cholick in a Horse Take a Pint of White Wine half a Pint of Burr-seed and beat them small two ounces of Pursâ—y-seed half a handful of Hop half a handful of new-set â—eeks and haâ—â— a handful of Water-Cresses half an ounce of Black-Soap and mingle them together stamp and strain them but put the Burr-seed and Parsley-seed to it after it is strained and then warm it and give it him to drink Of killing the Fire either in Burning or Shot Take Varnish or Oyl and Water beaten together and â—noint the place with
or so much Butter an ounce of Benedick Luxature and pour it into his Fundament with a little Horn and hold his Tail close to his Fundament whilst another doth lead him and so keep it in him as long as you can and after keep him warm and give him warm Water to drink All these Infirmities are cured by the Whey only contained in this following Medicine The Bloody-Rifts the Bladders the Lampus all Mouth-Cankers all Hurts in the Mouth The Tongue-hurt the Paps the Tooth-ach the Shedding of Hair the Fetter-worm Take of New-Milk three quarts a good handful of Plantain let it boil till a full pint be consumed then take six ounces of Allum and an ounce and a half of White-Sugar-candy both being made in a very fine Powder six spoonfuls of strong Wine-Vinegar and put them into the Milk then let it boyl a little till it have a hard Curd then drain it and save the Whey wherewith you shall first bathe the Sore the Whey being warm then with a clean Cloth dry the Sore and apply this Salve to it Take of Turpentine Yellow-wax and Hogs-grease ground to a fine Powder and ounce and a half mix all these together on a soft Fire and then put it in a Gally-pot and let it cool but in case where the Bruise is not broken nor is likely to break you must apply another Medicine which I shall hereafter acquaint you with For the Yellows The Cause hereof is also the abundance of bad Humors the Cure is plain let him Blood if you see it yellow a Pottle then give him a quart of White-Wine of Saffron and Fenugreek of each half an ounce and the juice that is wrung out of two handfuls of Selandine and being Blood-warm give it him and keep him warm and with good Mashes wherein put two spoonfuls of the Powder of Brimstone some will give in this drink the green ordure of Geâ—se strained For the Surfeiting and Foundring of the Body The Cause of this Disease is over-much eating after Labour whilst the Horse is hot whereby his meat not being digested breedeth evil Humors which by little and little do spread through all the parts of the Body and at length oppress the whole Body and so do take away his Strength that he hath not power to go or move his Joints and being laid is not able to rise whereby he wanteth the use of pissing as also of dunging Nature being overcome then doth the Humour rule the body to the destruction of it In like manner it is when the Horse being over hot with Travel drinketh so much as the Cold thereof suppresseth his natural Heat the Cause is that the evil Humours being predominant according to their Nature being heavy and moist immediately fall down into the Horse's Legs and Feet and there rest which if not prevented will make great gordy Limbs as the Pains Cratches Spavins Wind-galls casting of the Hoofs and such like The Cure hereof must be according to your Effects that are wrought in the Horse if it be perceived as when the Hair beginneth to stare that he will be chill and shrug for Cold forsake his Meat hang down his Head quiver after cold Water and after two or three days begin to cough which is a sign that his surfeit is not great and that he may be thus cured Cover his Belly with the Glister last mentioned and give him this Drink Take of Malmsey a quart of Sugar half a quatern of Cinamon half an ounce of Liquorice and Aniseeds of each two spoonfuls beaten into â—â—ne Powder put into it Malmsey and give it him Blood-warm keep him warm let him drink nothing but warm water four or five days after let him Blood For the Collick The Cause of this Disease is twofold either it proceeds from abundance of Humours or of Wind and although it be Wind yet I judge the Original to be an Obstruction of Humours which will not suffer the Wind to have its free passage which otherwise Nature would expel as his Enemy The Cures may be divers and because it is a Disease that few Farriers understand I will set down several Cures that if one thing cannot be speedily procured another may First it may be an Obstruction for that the Horse hath the stone and cannot stale for this take a quart of White-Wine half a pint of Bur-seed beaten small two ounces of Parsly-seed of Smallage Saxafrage the Roots of Philapendula Gromwel-seed and Broom-seed of each two ounces beaten to fine Powder a good handful of Water-Cresses and lay them in steep all Night and in the Morning strain them clean and put into it a little Black-Soap and a little Butter and ride him until that he begin to sweat then set him in a Stable with a great quantity of sweet Litter under him and cloath him warm and so let him stand Meatlâ—ss seven or eight hours then give him dried Oats and warm Water with a quantity of Sallet-Oyl to drink and before he have this Drink let him fast all Night Another Cure for the same Take a pound of Malmsey of Cloves Pepper Cinamon of each an ounce of Sugar half a quartern and give it the Horse lukewarm and Labour him upon it an hour that be dung and stale keep him to warm Water but if he be a stoned Horse there is not any better thing than for him to have his full desire with a Mare Another for the same If you think that it proceeds chiefly from Wind it may be so occasioned when he is ridden hot and set up cold he will pine away and forsake his Meat keep him empty all Night in the Morning take a quart of White-Wine four ounces of Fenugreek seven ounces of Bayes as much Corâ— Pepper an ounce of Grains an ounce of Ginger two handfuls of Water-Cresses a handful of Sage a pound of Sea-green and wring out the Juice Another of Mint stamp them and put them into a pint of White-Wine and let them stand on the fire till they boyl strain them out and give it him Blood-warm with a little Honey For Surfeiting with Provender When a Horse hath eaten more than his stomack can well digest he is in such pain as that he is not able to stand but lyeth and walloweth as if he had the Bots the danger whereof I have written The Cure is to let him Blood and to draw his Yard and wash it put a piece of a Clove of Garlick into it to make him piss also to rake him behind and give him a glister with the Water of Sodden-Mallows Fresh-Butter and Sallet-Oyl keep him harm and let him eat very little for four or five days These Infirmities are cured by the following Medicine All Convulsion of Sinnews all Cramps whatsoever your Neck-crick the Shoulder-Splat all swelled Legs the Over-reach of the Back-Sirew all Wind-Galls Wrenches in the nether Jâ—inâ—s all Bruises unbroke all Strains whatsoever Take strong Vinegar or Patch-grease or Peece-grease of each a like quantity
THE Gentleman 's Compleat Jockey WITH THE Perfect Horseman AND Experienc'd Farrier CONTAINING I. The Nature of Horses their Breeding Feeding and Management in all Paces to fit them for War Racing Travel Hunting or other Recreations and Advantages II. The true Method with proper Rules and Directions to Order Diet and Physick the Running-Horse to bring him to any Match or Race with Success III. The Methods to Buy Horses and prevent being Cheated Noting the particular Marks of the Good and Bad Horses in all their Circumstances IV. How to make Blazes Stars and Snips To 〈◊〉 Horse with little Charge and to make him Lively and Lovely V. The whole Art of a Farrier in curing all Diseases Griefs and Sorrances incident to Horses with their Symptoms and Causes VI. The Methods of Shooing Blooding Roweling Purging and prevention of Diseases and many other things from long Experience and Approved Practice By A. S. GENT. LONDON Printed for Henry Nelme at the Leg and Star over against the Royal Exchange in Cornhil 1697. The Gentlemans Compleat Iockey THE PREFACE READER I Here present you with a Laboured Work containing all that is Excellent to be known relating to Horses and Mares c. the most necessary and useful Creature to Man in Peace and War Enriching with their Labours and pleasing in their more nicer Industry and Management and consequently their well-Breeding and Instructions as to what they are capable is necessary to be known therefore I have laid i◠down in such an easie tho' perfect Method that the meanest Capacity may soon understand it and the largest sind Subject Matter enough to busie it self That these Creatures have been highly Esteemed in all Ages and their Vnderstanding very great History makes frequent mention So that their Preservation was had in much regard And Hypocrates and other Eminent Physicians Studyed it next to Man's laying down Rules and Methods to discover and cure the Diseases incident to them And this Example I have also follow'd that so generous a Creature may at no time be lost for want of suitable Remedies in any matter that may besall him The Station it has pleased God to put me in has led me to Experience in this Creature and I have found many things concerning them to which as far as I can perceive the Ancients were Strangers I have put them into a suitable Method and Incerted them in this Book besides what are taken from the Works of the most Expert Managers and Farriers that have ever been made Publick So that I may without straining a point of Modesty truly say it not only Answers but much exceeds what is promised in the Title-page and is the best of its kind that has hitherto been abroad in the World To prove this I could incert many Particulars but they being plainly to be seen in reading the following Pages and Brevity as I conceive always most commendable in a Preface I draw to a Conclusion As well knowing that when all that I can say is said I must leave it to the Censure of the Reader and therefore will only desire one Favour which no reasonable Man will refuse and that is not to pass Sentence before you Read and put in Practice so much of it as shall be suitable to your Occasion And so not fearing its coming to the Touch-stone to prove its real Worth and Value I remain Reader Your Friend and Servant to Oblige you in what I may A. S. THE Gentleman 's Compleat Jockey WITH THE Perfect Horseman and Farrier Of the Natures and Properties of Horses HOrses of all the unreasonable Creatures upon the Earth are of the greatest Understanding having in them as the Learned affirm a certain natural Instinct not only of the knowledge of their Riders and Keepers but also of their own Generation and Descent knowing their Sires and Dams in such a manner as they will refuse as Pliny says to couple or ingender with them They are also Creatures the aptest to learn any Motion and the readiest to obey their Teacher having a greater love to Exercise than any other Beast They are of an infinite great Courage taking an exceeding delight in the Wars and as some do affirm have a certain fore-knowledge of the Battel and will prepare themselves for the same They will mourn for the loss or deaths of their Masters and are so apt to indure Labour that it is written of the Horses of the Samarans That they 'll gallop a hundred Miles end-ways without rest or stay they are naturally long liv'd and by choice Keepers have been brought up to fifty Years but for thirty it hath been ordinary with them the Mares are shorter liv'd surviving till twenty or twenty five at the farthest They are of all Beasts the most beautiful of shape They are fit for the Saddle at four years of age for the Wars at six for the Race at eight for Hunting and extream Matches at ten or eleven The Females bear their Foal full eleven Months and foal in the twelfth the best time for their ingendering is March at the increase of the Moon or in part of it the Mare foaleth standing they are supposed to be so loving and kind to their Generation that if a Foal lose the Dam yet the other Mares which are with milch will of their own accord lend their teats to feed and nurse up the Orphan foal Horses are subject to more Diseases then any other Beast some write three hundred or as many as belong to Man The Means to make the Seed ef the Horse perfect for Generation The Seed of the Horse ought to be hot and dry so that all excessive moisture of Seed must be abated and taken away Now the means to make hot and dry Seed for Generation is Labour and spare Diet the Digestion being made perfect through heat proceeding from Labour so that the meat that the Horse and Mare should feed upon should be in quality of Nature hot and dry and then moderately taken The seed doth naturally pertake of the quality and temperature of the meat his meat will increase an uniform Seed so that the Colt will be like unto the Siers The meat should be old sweet Hay or Wheat-straw moderately given them sweet Oats winnow'd and cleans'd from the dust and filth mingled with old dried Pease or Beans with a scattering of Bay-salt and Anniseeds the Provender for their better digestion may be given them three times a day their Water sweet and pure and every day early in the morning when they are fasting moderately exercised until they sweat their Stable clean'd and then painfully dressed and rubbed dry and thorough cold before any meat be given to them the which doth not only perfect digestion and exhaust the moisture from the Seed but also strengtheneth and cleanseth their blood and bodies from all raw and imperfect humours whereby you shall perceive them to exceed in pride and lust About eight or ten days before they come to action add to
circle of the piercing more distant from the edge o' th' toe then from the edge of the Quarter because every Smith knoweth that there is more hold to be taken with less danger in respect of the Tuel and Quick of the Foot and all the Nails would be untoled without Shoulders which will so sink and strongly fill the Hole as that the Shooe will be well fixed and by cutting the Hoof a little with the point of a Knife let the Clinâ—h be clean hid the which shooing should always be done eight or ten Days before you travel your Horse for by that time the Hoof will be grown to the Nails to hold the Shooe fast And for the helping of interfering you must keep him full of Flesh and always preserve the Coffins on the inside of the Hoofs without paring away more than to make them even for the Shoes and abate the outside of the Coffin of the same Foot and besides make the Sponges of the Shooes on the inside of the Shooes much thicker then the outside How to know a Horse that is durable and of continuance in Journey c. This observation must also be from his shape the others follow First It is to be considered that Strength is the cause of the continuance of Travel then consider in what part of the Body of the Horse that Strengâ—h prinâ—ipaâ—ly and naturally resteth for as the Strength of the Bull is naturally in the neck of the Lyon and Bear in the pâ—ws of the Dog in the chops so of the Horse in the fore-part whâ—re Nature hath imposed the Burthen and thâ—â—e is and must be his principal force and strength the whiâ—st fore-part must be deep and broad from the point of his too or 〈◊〉 to the Bottom of his chest or breast hi◠〈…〉 the lid or cover of a trunck whereby he will appear broad full round and bearing out in the chest or breast with an evenness of chest and belly to the flank so as that his belly hung not deeper than his chest nor his chest deeper then his belly with lean upright and strait pasterns somewhat narrow hoofed towards the toe assure your selves such a Horse will be durable and as good almost at the end of his labour as at the beginning if he be of a contrary shape then will his actions be contrary namely the longer he is travel'd the more Jade How to know a free and perfect spirited Horse This powerful spirit proceeds from the vital spirit and arterial blood that goes wandring through the whole body to stir up the power of the Beast to give him force and vigour to work and as this spirit is of substance most pure so when it is plentifully infused it maketh and worketh all the Creature and quality of the same pure so as Man not knowing or finding the reason cannot but wonder at the work and Workmaster Wherefore for the satisfaction and confirmation of this Proposition how to know a perfect quick and free-spirited Horse you must also still retain all the description of shape before describ'd by all which discriptions you shall assuredly know his qualities only upon the view as if you had made tryal of him many years but if the Horse be defective in his shape as I have describ'd then assure your self that he wanteth that natural perfection I have referred the rule unto Observe then I beseech you that a perfect Horse by Nature is thus shap'd viz. a lean slender head broad fore-head great black eyes full and plain over the lids slender thin and lean jaws broad thin long and a high reared neck the head set to the neck as naturally as a Ram's head when he sighteth high withers and a deep broad chest or breast his ribs of an equal evenness from his chest to his flank lean upright pasterns with a lean and deep hoof such a Horse assure thy self will be found in all his actions naturally bold loving easie sure-footed durable and free-going But because I know and do assure my self that unus Mens no est capax tanti Motis that it is unpossible that one head should be so well furnish'd as to neglect the opinions of the antient Writers I have therefore annexed their Description humbly submitting my self to the censure of the Experienced and Learned Of the Shape of a Horse The last thing to know a good Horse is his Shape which originally made by God was no doubt most excellent for the works of God were all perfect The particular Observations and Descriptions of the perfect shape of a Horse are in number 32 against which I question not but that there may be Objections raised which I will not trouble my self to answer as being conscious that what I shall write of this Subject I have partly by experience and partly received from the most approved Authors I will begin with the Hoof and so ascend till the whole Body be described First therefore they say That the Hoof should be black smooth dry large round and hollow Some write That if it be soft and tender and the Heel broad that is a sign of lightness and that the Male will from her Foaling tread light upon the ground being afraid to trust her Hoofs being tender and therefore straineth her Legs and Back the more 2d Rule is That the Hoofs should be small and heavy answerable to the Joynt that it should be hairy his Fetterlock to be good in that it also answereth his nature 3. That his Pasterns should be short neither too low nor too high and therewithal strong beneath nor apt to founder the strength of the Pastern being the uprightness thereof 4. That his Joynts ought to be great with long Fetter-locks behind this greatness of his Joynts must also be answerable to the proportion of his Body 5. That his Legs ought to be strait and broad 6. That his Knees should be great lean and plain 7. That his Thighs should be full of sinews tho Bones whereof to be short equal just well proportion'd that when he standeth with his Legs together they should be more distant one from another towards the Breast then beneath which proceeds from the fulness and breadth of the Breast which causeth that distance 8. That his Shoulders should be long large and full of flesh proportionable to his Body 9. That his breast should be large and round 10. That his Neck should be rather long than short great towards the Breast bending in the midst and slender towards the Head 11. That his Ears should be small sharp and upright 12. That his Forehead should be lean and large that largeness to be both of breadth and length according to his natural proportion 13. That his Eyes should be great and black 14. That the hollowness of his Brows be well filled and shooting outward 15. That his Jaws should be slender and lean 16. That his Nostrils should be open and puffed up that you may see the red within apt for Air. 17. That
others â—â—n sundry regards but especially in that of the Signs who then Govern Viz. Aries the Head Taurus the Neck Gemini the Shoulders Cancer the Stomach Leo the Heart Virgo the Guts and belly Libri the Reins and Buttocks Scorpio the privy Members Sagitarius the Thighs Capricorn the Knees Aquarius the Legs and Pisces the Feet From which Note that it is not at any time safe to let Blood in that part at the time the Sign is predominant or governing in it â—bservations on a Horse as to the Brain Sinews Veins relating to Health Strength c. He that will be expert in Ordering a Horse must not be unskilful in knowing the parts from whence Defects and Diseases chiefly arise the most material I shall briefly Enumerate First Consider the Seat of Life to be in the Brain Heart and Liver from whence it contributes to and disposes every Member and for that cause those are called the Three principal Members to which some would add a Fourth viz. The Stones But that Addition by the wisest Practitioners has been rejected because if taken away Life still remains which it is impossible to do if any of the other be removed Secondly The Sinews which are these viz. Two white Sinews or Tendons beginning at the Nose and passing through the Neck and Back branch into the fore-Legs and end in the hinder Legs taking their Ligaments in all the four Feet Two Sinews called the main Sinews which descend from the Brain and passing down the Cheeks fasten the Jaws Three from the Shoulder to the first Joynt of the Arms or fore-legs besides two other great Sinews Four great Sinews from the Knees to the Pasterns with the same number in the hinder part above As well within as without the fore-part of the Breast are ten Sinews small and great From the Reins of the Back to the Stones are four great Sinews or Ligaments and another great Sinew running to the end of the Tail To conclude a Horse has great and small Twenty Nine or as some will have it Thirty Thirdly The Veins through which the Blood Circulates the whole Body are many yet seeing they centre in the Liver the Seat and Fountain of Blood distributing it into every part divers are of opinion that all other Veins in the Horse's Body are but branches of the Median Vein proceeding directly from the Liver and when-ever that is afflicted with Wind has the Blood corrupted in it or is subject to any other Infirmity it afflicts all at once the whole Body of the Horse Those Branches that ascend to the Head and upper parts of the Body are called Ascendants and those that run down into the Legs and other parts of the Body Descendants And through these branches sleeping and waking the Blood continues its Course Ebbing and flowing like the Ocean by the course of the Moon The things herein chiefly to be consider'd are the Branches properly to be open'd as I have directed in Bloot-letting Page 64. The Bones that frame a Horse's Body their Number and how they are Placed In the Body of a Horse the Bones not accounting the Teeth which are visible thus are Numbred viz. His Head-bones comprehending the Crooks and handle of Skull are although they are compiled of parts and parcels of other Bones likewise two flat handles which form the Pallate and Fork or Throat have Five His Breast-bone and his Chine Fifty two other Bones His Ribs long and short are Thirty six His fore-Legs and fore-Feet contain Forty four The hinder Legs and Feet Forty So that the whole Structure of the Body of a Horse comprizing his Teeth consists of 177 Bones Of the Four Humours in the Body of a Horse c. As Fire Air Water and Earth produce and give Life and Nutriment to all Living Creatures so the Humours viz. Choler Blood Phlegm and Melancholly are the principal Agitators in the Bodies of all Creatures and as it were Compose or at least Preserve them Choler by reason of its heat being alluded to Fire Phlegm by reason of its Moisture and Coldness to Water Blood by reason of its heat and Moisture to Air And Melancholly through its cold and dryness to Earth Choler has its Seat near the Liver which by reason of its heat and dryness accords with the Blood which has its Fountain in the Liver and from thence disperseth it self through the Body Phlegm has its chief Seat about the Brain which is a principal Seat of Life and frequently afflicts when out of temper with Rheums Colds Coughs Catarrhs c. Melancholly has its Seat about the Spleen being the gross and earthly part of the Blood and Choler As for the Offices and Dispositions of these Humours they are four viz. Choler causeth Concoction and voiding of Excrements Blood Nourisheth the Body Phlegm gives Motion to the Joynts and Melancholly disposeth to Apetite Creating a good Stomach The Humours or Constitution of a Horses Body to be taken from the Colour c. The Humours are to be known that a Farrier or any skilful Horse-Doctor may the better prepare the Medicine which I am hereafter to prescribe and this may be done divers ways and particularly by the Colour of a Horse Sympathizing with the Humours viz. If a Horse be Cole-black and has nothing of changeable about him then Choler is predominant in him and by reason of the great heat in him he is incident to Inflamations of the Liver Yellows and Pestilential Fevers and in that case he must have suitable Medicines to allay Heat and purge out the superfluities of Choler yet these Medicines must not be of a quality too much operating lest they impair his Strength for the cholerick Horse though he be fierce and fiery has nevertheless no great Strength If your Horse be Dark or bright Bay neither scouling Countenance bad Mouthed white Flanked white Fleabitten white Lyard like Silver or black with a white Star white Rash with a black Foot then he is Sanguine and the Diseases to which he is most subject are the Consumption of the Liver Glanders Leprosie and such other Distempers caused by Infection Those of this Complexion are very strong and will endure strong Medicine without impairing strength If these Medicines are not compounded of extraordinary hot Ingredients to over-heat the Blood If your Horse be perfect White Yellow Dun Kite colour Mous-dun or the like in mixture then is the prevailing Humour in him Phlegm and such are slow of Nature subject to lose his Flesh also to cold Rheums Head-Ach Coughs Staggers and many other Distempers proceeding from cold watry Distillations and therefore he must have hot Medicines viz. Simples of a hot and strong working nature that may effectually operate on the Mass of Phlegm If a dark Bay colour having long White Hairs called Goats-hairs on his Legs Russet Chesnut Ash-coloured oâ— Gray Then Melancholy is predominant and his Distempers are Inflamations of the Spleen Frenzies and other the like dull and Melancholy
Distempers and Require colâ— and moist Medicines for those of a hot or drying quality are very hurtfull These Horses are very strong though they appear noâ— so and consequently are fit for fervile Labours and when you find a Horse mixed with many or all of these Colours then he little or more as the Colours are more or less on him of one or the other kind participates of thâ— Humours and Medicines must be temper'd accordingly as also to the Nature of the Sickness if it has continu'd â—ong and he is enfeebled thereby then you must not give him over strong Potions but more of Medicines hereafter How to prepare a Horse to receive Medicines if any Distemper has seiz'd him Observe twenty four hours before you intend to administer the Medicine whether Powder Pills or Drench composed of Simples c. that you restrain him from eatâ—ng Hay or Straw or any hard Meats that admit not of easie Digesture thereby to hinder the Operation of the Physick and for twelve hours before keep him fasting for the Emptiness of Stomach gives a free Operation to any Purge when Fulness hinders greatly the working of any Medicine much obstructing it and thereby frequently injuring the Horse by turning the force of it on the Vitals The safest Meat to prepare him is either Rye or Wheat Bran mix'd with white split Beans Wheat flower mix'd with white Oats and his Drink warm Water into which dust a little fine Bran. What Purgations with the least Danger may be given to a Horse The most Effectual and gentlest Purgations are Pills but it must be consider'd as is said according to the state of the Horse's Body And for Example to make the gentlest Pill against Pestilential or Infectious Diseases Peel twenty Cloves of Garlick bruise and well temper them with a pound of fresh-Butter Roll them up in balls as big as Walnuts give four or five of them one soon after another and if the Contagion have not seiz'd the Heart Brain or Liver it will work it out Approved Rules to be observ'd by such as either Travel or Exercise Horses for want of the due Observation whereof many excellent Horses have been lost though hereby they may be kept from Sickness First when your Horse is lusty pleasant and clear in â—ody then he is fit for Labour or any Exercise but if he be sad heavy or dejected in Countenance do not Labour him until you have found the Cause and removed it Secondly let not your Horse eat any thing for two or three hours before you travel him and then not much until you come to your Lodging for baiting at Noon is naught and hurtful except you rest four or five hours so as that he may not travel upon a full Stomach and let his Bit be small and be sure he never wear a rusty Bit or Snaffle for fear of the Canker Thirdly let your Travel be moderate except necessity which cannot be limited enforce it then be sure not to let your Horse either eat or drink until he be very cold and if it be in Winter-time be sure to cloath his Head and Breast very warm after your Travel and every Morning either squirt a little Vinegar into his Nostrils or else rub them with Oyl of Bay with a Cloath nointed therewith fastned to the end of a Stick and thrust up and down him Nostrils to purge his Head Fourthly neither wash nor Water your Horse especially in the Winter-time for when he is very hot to walk him in the cold Air is dangerous and washing is a speedy Preparative to bring him to some dangerous Disease for there is no desperate Disease incident to a Horse but the fame proceeds from the Causes of too much Heat or Cold and none more dangerous then this Fiftly when you travel alight often from your Horse if Cause of Necesity enforce not the contrary and lead him to some place of Grass Straw or Brakes and there stay and whistle until your Horse Piss which he will hardly do except it be in such places because the sprinkling of his Water will scald his Legs Sixthly if your Horse be very hot let him not drink cold Water but rather at some House give him a quart of good Beer or a pint of Wine and if you do Water him by the way let him not drink until he have washed his Mouth which is done when he thrusteth his Head into the Water presently pull up his Head which will cleanse his Mouth and if you are forced to let him drink ride him so that he may be sure to keep the same Heat he was in before Seventhly After his Labour if you can have a convenient place let him wallow himself for it is no less delightful then comfortable to his Body Eightly If he happen to fall sick in your Travel which proceeds commonly either from eatâ—ng or drinking too much at a time or otherwise give him a pint of Sack or Malmsey a quarter of a pint of Aqua-â—ita with six penny worth of the best Treacle and a quarâ—er of a pint of the best Olive-Oil brew them well togeâ—her and give him a draught and then take a new laid Egg and pull out his Tongue bruise the Shell and thrust â—t into his Throat and then let go his Tongue do this â—wice then let him blood in the Pallet of his Mouth and â—ub it well with Salt and afterwards order him as he should â—e in the Stable Another Excellent way to the like purpose If you cannot get Sack-Wine or Treacle give him a â—int of Aqua-Vita or any other comfortable Water with â—wo Eggs in the form aforesaid to comfort his Heart â—irst at night give him a good comfortable Mash if he â—ill eat it and clean sweet Provender such as he will eat â—athe his Legs with Butter and Beer cleanse his Feet and â—op them with Caw-dung and after he is sufficiently fed â—â—ve him plenty of Sweet Litter shut him dark in the Staâ—e and early in the Morning let him be throughly dressed â—â—d rubbed and before you ride two hours let him eat â—â—lf a Peck of old sweet Oats with a pint of the strongest â—le Beer Malmsey or White-Wine for his Breakfast â—â—condly If your Horse be young that you do travel â—â—on which is the Overthrow of all fine mettled Horses â—â—en you come home and may let him rest then let him â—ke his Ease and bleed and if you find his Blood hot â—â—d dark coloured spare not to let him bleed until there â—â—me perfect Blood after three or four days keep him â—th god Mashes and give him the purging Drink beâ—â—â—e mentioned with a pint of White-Wine an ounce of â—es dissolved into powder half an ounce of Agarick â—â— a spoonful of the Powder of Liquorice made blood-â—â—m and well brewed together and let him not drink â—â— Water for four or five days after and in his Provender put the Powder of Brimstone Enula Campana and Polipodium of the Oak well mingled together
a Feather Of a Horse that stumbleth which is called the Cords This is called the Cords The Cord is a Sinew that â—reedeth amongst the Sinews the one end cometh down â—o the shankle Vein and so up thorough the Leg goeth â—ver the inner side of the Knee and so over the Shoulder â—â—d so along the Neck by the Wesant and it goeth over â—he Temples under his Eye down over the Snout betwixt â—oth the Nostrils and the Gristle there knit the length â—f an Almond take a sharp knife and cut a slit even at â—â—e Top of his Nose just with the point of the Gristle â—pen the slit and you shall perceive a white string take â— up with a Boars Tooth or a Bucks Horn that is crookâ—d or some crooked Bodkin and twine it about the â—rait and cut it asunder you may twine it so much as that you may rear his foot from the ground and then stirch up the slit and anoint it with Butter and the Horse doubtless will be cured Of the Canker The Cure is let him blood abundantly in the Veins that be next to the Sore then take of Allum one pound of white Coperas a quartern and a good handful of Salt boyl them together in fair running water from a pottle to a quart this water being warm put part thereof into a dish and with a Clout wash the same till it begin for to bleed and let it dry then take of Black-Soap one pound and of â—uick-silver half an ounce and incorporate them till that the Quick-silver be not seen and always after you have washed the same with a slice cover the Ulcer with this Medicine till it be whole but he sure still to let the blood he about the Ulcer for many days together and when it is killed then cast upon it the powder of unslack'd Lime or of Brimstone Of the Farcin This Ulcer is not unknown to any that have enjoyed Horses and yet unknown almost to all I mean the true cause of this Disease and the Cure some say it is a corruption of Blood some an outward hurt as of pur-galling biting of Ticks Hogs-Lice or such like some say an infiâ—mity bred in the Breast near the Heart and in the side Vesselâ— and God near the Stones many evil humours congealed together which afterwards disperse themselves into the Thighs and sometimes into the Head and do send forth waâ—ry humours into the Nostrils and then it is called the â—unning Farcin Indeed if the true Cause of a Disease be known the Disease it self is easily cured The Mange the Lepâ—â—sie and this Disease of the â—arcin are most perniâ—ions to a Horse for oftentimes it falleth out that many Horseâ— infected therewith though they live and the Disease â—â—â—meth to be healed yet are they rendred of small or no use For my own part I conjecture the cause of this Disease growâ— either from abundance of bad Blood or by a great Disâ—â—mper of the Blood through a violent heat changed into a sudden cold To cure this Distemper first let him blood on both sides of the Neck three quarts at least for it is most certain that the Loyns which is then the Fountain of Blood is corrupted and so sendeth the Fume into every part of the Body as to become loathsome to behold Then give him this drink Take a Gallon of fair water put into it a good handful of Rue a good spoonful of Hemp-seed and a handful of the inner Rinde of green Elder bruise them in a Morter together and seeth it till it he half consumed and being cold give it him to drink Evermore continue to let him blood in that Vein which is nearest to the sore place a great quantity as you see occasion let his Diet be thin but very clean and sweet then take this approved Medicine following which though the Disease be never so foul it will undoubtedly â—ure it Take of Herbgrace a handful Fetherfew a handful of Chick-weed of the House a handful of Kikswood a â—andful of Heart-Robert a handful keep the residue thereof in a Pipkin close cover'd in the earth stop the mouth thereof close with Herb-grace and Dock-leaves and a green Turf laid upon it no air to come in and every third day untye his Ears and dress it and so continue it till all the Facine be dead for undoubtedly at three or four dressings it will kill it wash all the Hearbs so clean that no durt nor filth be on them Boyl Chamberlye and Bay-Salt with a little Copper as and Strong-Netties to wash the Sores if need be but beware of burning them either with Fire or other Corrosives for although it may kill the Ulcer yet being dispersed it will burn and scorch the Horses skin for burning doth purse the Skin and maketh it run together so as the Horse will never after prosper I would have you get cases of Leather fasten'd to a head-stall made hollow like the shape of a Horses Ears or make them lank-eared which thing the Sadlers will help you in for many times by long binding the Ears are spoiled so as that they must be cut off After that you see the filthy Ulcer kill'd and dead yet you must know whether the Blood is still putrified and corrupted therefore you must at least let him blood but always in several places And when you see the Blood fine and pure then give him some good scouring Drink a quart of White-wine a quarter of an ounce of Rhubarb in very thin sâ—â—ices and laid in steep all night an ounce and an half of Alloes in powder dissolved therein half an ounce of Agarick an ounce of Sena steeped in the Wine all night and Three Races of Ginger sliced and laid also in steep all night and two ounces of Syrup of Roses but the Ruburb Sena and Ginger take out of the Wine before you put in the other Simples and then make it blood warm and give it the Horse and so let him rest all that day giving him nothing but Wheat-Straw at night and the next day following a Bottle of sweet strong Wort and a quarter of a pint of Treacle and keep him warm After all this wash his Body with Bucklye and Black-Soap and after cloath him and give him a sweat and he will recover Of the Fistula This is a filthy Ulcer also bred from some Ulcer not throughly cured The Remedy is to search the depth thereof with a Quill or some oâ—â—er Instrument of Lead for unless you find the bottom it is hard to cure and having found the bottom if it be in a place where you may cut with a Razor make a slit against the bottom so wide that you may boldly thrust in your Finger to feel if any Bone or Gristle be perished or spungy or loose Flesh which must be gotten out then boyl a quartern of Honey and an ounce of Verdegrease in Powder stiring it continually until it look red then Tent therewith and Boulster with Flax that
from any cold Cause or from any riding and too sudden cooling or from washing when he was hot or such like then you shall give the same quantity of Diapente and Honey in Sack or other hot Wine in the manner aforesaid But if his Sickness be less contagious or that Wine is not ready to be had then you shall give the same quantity of the Powder and Honey either in a quart of strong Ale or a quart of strong Beer observing all the Instructions formerly declared Now for as much as this Powder of Diapente may be be many times wanting or at least hard to be got on the sudden as we have formerly said therefore in case of such Extremity you shall take a good handful of Celandine Roots Leafs and all and having pick'd and cleansed them you shall take of Wormwood and Rue of each half a handful boil these in a pot of strong Ale or Beer till the full half be consumed then strain it and dress the Herbs and dissolve into the drink half a pound of Sweet Butter and an ounce and a half of the best Treacle being no more but lukewarm give it the Horse to drink in the Morning fasting and walk him an hour after then set him up warm and let him fast another hour then give him meats as aforesaid And do this divers Mornings according to the greatness of his Sickness Now for this Cure you must by no means forget to let the Horse blood in the Neck-Vein an hour or two before you give him the first drink and let him bleed till you see the corrupt Blood change and begin to look pure to know which you shall save the first Blood and the last Blood in two Sawcers and as they cool they will easily shew you the difference Now if your Horse happen to fall suddenly Sick upon you as you travel when there is no Town nor Help near you then you shall presently alight from his Back and with a sharp pointed Knife or Bodkin or for want of both with a sharp-pointed strong Tag you shall let him Blood in the Rooâ— of the Mouth amongst the Bars somewhat near to his uppermost Teeth and make him bleed well walking him forward and suffering him to champ and eat his own Blood which is very wholsome for him at that time and almost a present cure Now if the Blood stanch of it self as commonly it will then you shall presently piss in his Mouth and so ride him with all Gentleness and Ease homeward and being set up warm wash his Mouth and Nostrils with Vinegar and the next Morning let him Blood in the Neck-Vein and give him either of the Drenches before prescribed and no doubt but you may hold on your Journey without danger Now if in the pricking of the Mouth you either stick your knife too deep or else cut the Vein asunder whereby you cannot stanch the Blood as many times it happeneth in this case you shall put some big round piece of Wood into the Horse's Mouth to keep him from biting and then take a little of the fine Down of a Hare's Skin or Cony-Skin or for want of them the fine Lint of any Woollen or Linnen cioth and hold it hard to the Wound and it will stanch it such care being taken as that it be not to be lick'd away with the Horse's Tongue For the Malender This is a Scab growing in the form of Lines or Streaks over the Bend of the Knee in the inside of the Leg. The cure is wash it with warm Water and shave the Scab clean away then take a spoonful of Soap as much Lime and make it into a paste and spread as much on a Clout as will cover the Sore bind it fast renewing it every day for three days together then anoint the same with Oyl of Roses to cause the Crust to fall away and then wash it with Urine and strow on the powder of Oyster-shells Another of the same Take a Barrel'd Herring with a soft Row and two spoonfuls of Black-Soap half an ounce of Allum and bruise them together and lay it to the Sore three days Of the Splint This Soreness is known to most Men The Cure is Wash it with warm Water and shave off the Hair and lightly scarify all the sore place with a point of a Razor so as that the Blood may issue forth then take of Cantharides half a spoonful and of Euforbium as much beaten into fine powder and mingle them together with a spoonful of Oyl de Bay and then melt them in a little pan stirring them well together so that they may not boil over and being so boiling-hot take two or three Feathers anoint all the sore places therewith and let not the Horse remove from the place for two hours after Afterwards carry him away and tye him so that he cannot touch the Medicine with his Lips and also let him stand without Litter that day and a night and within two or three days after anoint the Sore with Butter for nine days Another for the same Take an Onion and pick out the Core and put therein a spoonful of unslack'd Lime and four penny weight of Verdegrease and half a pound of Lavender-seed and rost the Onion until it be soft and then cut the Skin a little that the Medicine may enter to fret the Malady out and let the Hair remain and the Medicine lye to it three days For Foundring Before I enter to express the Cure I would have you diligently to note the cause of this Disease The Causes of Foundring are either from superfluous and over-much Eating and Drinking or from immoderate and extreme Labour or abundance and fulness of Humours The undoubted and infallible Cure is Garter each Leg immediately one handful above the Knee and with a List good and hard then walk him chafe him into a Heat and being somewhat warm let him Blood in both the Breast-Veins 2 or 3 Quarts and reserve the same continually stirring it with your hands together to gather out the clods thereof then taâ—e thereof two quarts of Wheat-flower half a peck six Eggs Shells and all and of Bole Armony half a pound of Sanguis Dragonis half a quartein and a quart of strong Vinegar mingle them altogether and charge all his Shoulders Breast Back Loyns and Fore-legs therewith and walk him upon some hard Ground suffering him not to stand still and when that the Charge is dry refresh it again and having walked him three or four hours together lead him into the Stable give him a little Mash of Malt and some Hay and provender and then walk him again for four or five days renewing the Charge upon him as it dryeth so long as it lasteth and keep it warm with a thin Dyet but if you see the Horse to be afraid to set his Hinder-feet to the Ground and to be so weak behind as to stand quivering and shaking and coveting to lie down Garter him also about
and stamped in a Gallon of strong Ale then strain it well and give the Horse a quart to drink lukewarm in the Morning fasting then ride him that he be warm set him up warm and thus do for four or five Mornings and then turn the Horse to Grass if the time of the Year be suitable thereunto and he will feed heartily But if the time of the Year serve not for Grass then you must keep him in the House and over and beside the drink before shewed you shall take sine Powder of Elecampane and the fine Powder of Cummin-seeds a like quantity mix them well together then every time you give your Horses Provender which should be at least thrice a day in the Morning Noon and at Night take half an ounce of this Powder and sprinkle it by little and little into his Provender for fear of Offence till it be all eaten up And thus do for fourteen days together at the least and you shall see the Horse prosper in a wonderful and strange manner For the Hide-bound The Cause hereof is sudden Cold after great Heat when the Pores are open the Cold entereth and maketh an Attraction of the Sinews so as the Horse seemeth to go or Travel with great Grief his Skin being as if it were starched being shrunk and clinging to his Ribs The Cure is to let him Blood in both the Flank-Veins being next the girding place and the Flanks then take a quart of good White-Wine and put thereunto three ounces of Sallet-Oyl and of Cummin one ounce of Aniseeds two ounces of Liquorice two ounces beaten into a Powder and give it him warm then let him be rubbed half an hour together cover all his Back with a Sack thoroughly soak'd in a Tub of Water and the Water wrung out of it and upon that cast many Cloths and gird them fast unto him to bring him to a Sweat which is the only and chief thing to recover him and keep him good Mashes and every day let him be so used for seven or eight days together give him much sodden Barly and Beans for his dyet and green Malt on the floor and after the eight days let him Blood in the two breast Veins about a pint then give him a pint of Sack and quarter of a pint of Sallet-Oyl four penniworth of the best Treacle and ride him until he sweat then presently set him in a warm Stable and cloth him very warm and at Night give him a good Mash of Malt with the Powder of Brimslone to the quantity of two spoonfuls For the Navel-gall The Cures thereof are divers and so they ought to be for Medicine is to be ministred according to the hurt as it may be more or less If it be but galled take Soot of â— Chimney and Yest mixed together and Plaister it once or twice a day Another Remedy for the same Sore Take a Pottle of Verjuice three penniworth of Green Coporas boil it to the one half and wash the Sore therewith then fill it with red Lead and let it not be dressed of three days then dress it as you shall see cause Another Cure for the same If it be so hurt as that it swell and is imposthumed theâ—â— lance it on the nethermost part of the Ulcer so that the matter may have issue downward for if you should lance it aloft then the Corruption that remaineth will fistulate if you find the Concavity deep then make a Tent of Flax and dip it in this Salve Take of Deers-Suet of Wax of Tar and of Turpentine of each three ounces and one ounce of Rosin mingle them together and tent the Wound and if you see any dead Flesh grow in it then sprinkle the Powder of Verdegrease upon it lay upon the Head of the Tent a Plaister of a Yolk of an Egg Honey and Wheat-flower and thus dress it Evening and Morning until it be whole For the Worms They are ingendred of raw and evil Humours there are three kinds of them the Worm the Bot and the Trencheon The Horse will lie down and wallow when they feed on him his breath will stink and his Mouth be clammy The cure is for to give him a quart of new Milk and half a pint of Honey in it Blood-warm this will make them rest from gnawing of him because they will suck thereof until they are ready for to burst then the next day give him this drink following First take a quart of wort or of the strongest Ale then take a quarter of a pound of Fern half a pound of Savin half a pound of Stonecrop stamp them and put them together with two spoonfuls of Brimstone and as much Chimney Soot beaten to Powder and let them lye in steep two hours then strain them and give the Horse a little warm bridle him and let him stand six hours after without Meat and there is no doubt but the Horse will be quiet for the strength thereof is such to strain the Maw as that the Bot will not meddle but fly from it but it doth not kill them After these former Drinks given him the third day make him purging Pills viz. Take of Lard a pound laid in Water two hours take nothing but the clean Fat thereof stamp it in a Mortar and thereunto put of Liquorice of Aniseeds of Fenugreek of each beaten into Powder three ounces of Aloes in Powder two ounces and of Agarick an ounce knead them into a Paste and make six balls thereof then the Horse having fasted over night give him the next Morning three of these Pills anointed with Honey when you have opened his Mouth catch hold of his Tongue hold it fast till you have hurled in one and thrust it down his Throat with a rolling-pin and then let his Tongue go till he hath swallowed it down and so do with the rest and keep him close from all Air and at Night give him a strong Mash and warm Water three days after my reason is for that these Balls will purge out of his Body all the Bots and Worms and all the Humours that breed and cherish them so as that your Horse will be perfectly clean and you shall find most of the Bots alive when they are purged for you cannot kill them with Medicine but only make them to forbear vexing of him for so long as his Maw resteth so bitter and stinking they dare not feed on it but upon other Humours For the Lax. Take of Bean-flower and Bole Armony of each a quatern mingled in a quart of red Wine give it him lukewarm and after it let him drink warm Water with Bean-flower but if that will not stay him then give him half a penny-worth of Allum beaten into Powder and Bole Armony beaten small in a quart of Milk stirring them till the Milk be all of a Curd and this will stop him For Costiveness or Belly-bound Take of the Decoction of Mallows a quart put it to half a pint of Oil
beneath the Eyes not touching the Vein and with a Cronet loose the Skin upwards the breadth of a Groat and thrust therein a round piece of Leather as broad as a two-penny piece with a hole in the midst to keep the hole open and look to it once a day that the Matter may not be stopped but run ten or eleven days then heal it with Turpentine Hogs-grease and Wax boyled together with Flax dipped in it and take not the Plaisters off till they fall away then burn him with a small hot drawing Iron made like a Star with a hole in the midst in each Temple-Vein where the Plaister did lye in this manner ** and if this help not set him to Cart Beware you breed no Colts of Horses that are so â—â—ed for upon every hard Travel they will be blind These Infirmities are cured by this following Medicine All Wounds in general all Sinews cut all Wounds with sbot burning with Lime Mad-dog biting Foundring Fretizing Surbaiting all loose Hoofs casting of the Hoof Hoof-bound Take of Turpentine Wax Hogs-grease of each a like quantity first melt the yellow Wax and Hogs-grease upon a soft fire then take it off and dissolve the Turpentine into it and stir it very well together then put it into a Gally-pot and let it cool and with this Salve tent or plaister any Wound or Sore and it will heal it Also with the same anoint the Cronets of the Horses Hoofs and putting Wheat-bran unto it it being boyled hot stop your Horseâ— Feet therewith in case either of Founder of Frettize Surbait or such like Infirmities For the Staggers The Cause of this Disease is for that the Brain and the Stomack are united and chained together with certain Sinews and thereby interchangeably communicate their damages so as when the Stomack is oppressed with the gross and tough Humours or some strong Vapours as when the Horse hath eat some strong Herb as the wild Parsnips or such like by the strong vapouring Spirits proceeding out of the Stomack to the Brain oppressing the same as the strong vaporous Spirit of Wine Aquavltae and such like do the brain of Man he is dizzy and reeleth as if he were drunk at the first he doth only reel and stagger as if his Back were swayed and will eat his Meat but afterwards he will forsake it and not be able to stand The Cure is let him blood in the Temple-Veins one handful under the Eyes then take Garlick Herb-grace a little Leaven and Bay-salt stamp them together and then put thereinto a little quantity of Aquavitae and put it into the Horse's Ears and bind them close and so let it remain twenty four hours and wash his Tongue with Vinegar and Salt let him not drink any cold Water and once a day gently walk him Another for the same Take Bitter Almonds one once and a half of Ox-Galâ— two drams of Black Hellebore stamp one half penny-worth of Groins of Castorum of Vinegar of Varnish five drams sethe them together until the Vinegar be consumed strain it and put it into his Ears as aforesaid but bind them with a Woollen List not with a cutting String A Soveraign Medicine called the Emperour of all Medicines concerning Horses Take of Wheat-meal six pounds or as much as will bring all the Simples following to a stiff Paste of Aâ—iâ—eeds two ounces of Cummin-seed six drams of Carthamus one dram and a half of Feaugreek-seed one ounce and two drams of Brimstone an ounce and a half and of Sallet-Oyl one pint and two ounces of Honey one pound and a half of White-Wine four pints and all this must be made into a very stiff Paste the hard Simples being pounded and searsed to a fine Powder and so mixed with the sweet Simples After this Paste is made it must be kept in a very clean Cloth and when you have occasion to use it you shall take thereof as much as will make a round Ball as big as a Mans Fist and this Ball you shall by continual washing laving and squeezing dissolve into a Gallon of running Water to give it the Horse to drink either after his Heats or any violent Labour or Exercise or when he is sick poor lean or inwardly diseased and full of foul Surfeits and then you shall suffer him to drink thereof as much and often as he pleaseth the Colour of the Water will offend him to take it therefore at the first offer it him in the dark of which when he hath but once tasted he will then sorsake all Water whatsoever to drink of this only Now touching the Virtues which appertain to this Medicine they are these First if your Horse be never so poor lean surfeited and diseased if you give your Horse of this Water with the Ball dissolved in it as aforesaid it will in fourteen days not only cleanse and scoure him but also purifie the Blood enliven and quicken him in a wonderful manner Secondly it will be a means to prevent any Sickness for a long time Thirdly and Lastly â—t will make him continue in good Case feed lustily and â—gain Flesh apace though before he was very Lean. A safe Purge to prevent Sickness Take a quarter of a pound of red Saunders and the like quantity of fresh Butter make them up and give them as the former or Rosemary Leafs bruised and mixed with Butter or green Figs so ordered and let those that undertake the Cure of Horses observe particularly these five things 1. To what Diseases Horses are inclinable 2. From what Cause they proceed 3. By what means the Causes do accrue 4. The Tokens by which any Distemper is known 5. And how to apply apt and seasonable Remedies For the Cramp or Convulsion of the Sinews The cause of this Disease is over much Fulness or very great Eating and Feeding much Rest want of moderate Exercise or by over-much Bleeding extream Labour or extream Cold. That which proceeds from great Fulness and Rest comes suddenly That which comes by Emptiness or Penury goes on by little and little I have seen a Horse had his Head awry and Neck so stiff as if he could not bow any manner of way nor the strength of Men open his Jaws or Mouth without breaking of them His Eyes hollow in his Head and the fleshy parts thereof turned backwards His Tongue so henumed that he could not eat nor drink but by sucking of his drink by little and little with his Lips All which came by a full and foul Feeding and too much Rest bâ—ing notwithstanding exceeding Fat when he Dy'd The cure of this Disease is to take a great quantity of Blood from him rake him behind and give him a Glister of Mallows Cammomile and Fennel boyled in Milk How to order him after this for the Recovery of his Limbs c. Let him be rubbed by two or three lusty strong Men and keep him in a very warm Room then take two quarts of strong Ale and two
Cure The Cause hereof is great Heat and afterwards taking of Cold And First It beginneth with Rheum then the Glaunders and afterwards the Mourning of the Chine â—s it is usually termed but more truly and essentially it beginneth with the Rheum which proceedeth to Inflammation of the Liver and the Lungs by continual distilling upon them then to the Glaunders which is the Imposthumation thereof and lastly to an Exalaration which abruptly and untruly is called the Mourning of the Chine The Signs to know the Disease are these 1. The continual distilling of Rheum in the Head 2. The continuing Knobs betwixt the Jaws 3. The keeping of his Hair without casting 4. The continual running of thick stinking Matter at the Nose 5. The fastning and growing of a knob as big as a Walnut to the inside of one of the Jaws which if so commit his Carkass to the Crows for he is past all help The Cure for such a Horse as may be curable is to follow these Directions For the First which is Rheum the cure I have mentioned for the Cold in the Head For the Second which is a congealed substance gathered into two knobs betwixt the Jaws it is cured as the Glaunders For the Third which is kâ—eping still his Winter Coat and not casting off his Hair let him Blood often until you see that he hath pure and fine Blood and give him good Mashes made very strong with Malt and put in his Provender Polypodium of the Oak small cut the root of the White Lilly small cut of each a good quantity if he will eat and shred in also a quantity of Liverwort and if he be a Horse of value at every time a six penny weight of Rubarb and every Morning being Fasting give him a pint of the Drink prescribed for the preservation of the Lungs and keep him only with Wheat-straw but not Hay and old sweet and clean Oats The manner of Ordering him after this Every Morning after he hath taken that clean Drink ride him two or three Miles For the Fourth which is the thick running at the Nose continually clear his Head as hath been prescribed for the Cold in the Head and so in every part as the rest are prescribed only adding of purging Drinks viz. After all these prescribed Orders give him two several Mornings a pint of White-Wine an ounce and an half of Alloes half an ounce of Agarick two drams of Liquorish and Aniseeds and a spoonful of pure Hogs-grease warmed and well dissolved together and after he hath Purged the next day let him Bleed in both the Breast-Veins the quantity of a quart and still keep him with good Mashes and moderate Travel Give him every Morning fasting for Nine days after a pint of that Drink which I prescribed for the clearing of the Lungs For the Fifth If you find no amendment but a knob grown to his Jaw then you must give him a Purge with Pills as I have prescribed and if that help him not then without all doubt he is Remediless These following things are most excellent to put into Horses Provender to preserve them from Diseases The Powder of Woâ—lfs Liver the Powder of Enula Campana the Powder of Polypodium of the Oak fine cut pieces of Ruburb the Powder of Brimstone made fine the Powder of Liquorish Aniseeds Fenugreek Turmerick Bay-berries Long-Pepper Agrimony Cammomile Wormwood Saven Linseed Smallage Parsley Rue Hysop Colts-foot Horehound and such lâ—ke Broken Wind the Cause The Causes why a Horse draws his Breath very short may be many as Sickness great Fulness or violent Exercise But the reason of the cause is For that the Heart being the only hottest part of the Body from whence the Arteries and Veins do carry the heat thereof to every part of the Body and therefore 't is truly said to be the Chariot of Life when that by Sickness Fulness or vioâ—ence of Exercise is choaked and as it were smothered with great heat then do the Lights being the Bellows to draw Breath according to that Office that Nature hath orâ—ained them unto presently labour with all Violence to draw it to cool and comfort the Heart and so consequentâ—y all the Members and parts of the Body to fill all the â—mpty corners with Air which naturally and in predomiâ—ant Qualities is moist and when they have drawn sufâ—cient Breath the driness and heat by the moisture of the Air is quenched which being so then doth the Creature â—raw Breath leisurely and coldly and not before but so â—ong as the Heart is oppressed by the violent heat of Sickâ—ess or by great Fulness or violent Exercise the Canes Pipes and Passages for the Breath are almost stopped â—nd choaked up then do the Lungs labour very extream â—â—ick to preserve the life of the Creature which is the Heart and therefore it is said to be the first thing that Liâ—eth and the last that Dieth And to make the same a litâ—e plainer Observe a Horse that is Broken-winded as â—he usual term is and you shall find that he setcheth his â—reath much shorter when he is kept in the Stable only with dry Meat than when he goeth to Grass and the â—nly reason is the coldness of the moist Food which â—epeth the Heart and all the Body in coolness because â—â—e Humours that proceed from the digesture of Grass are â—ool and moist according to the natural qualities of Grass â—nd raw Herbs For a broken Wind the Cure Take the Dung of a Boar dried to Powder a spoonful Diapenthe two ounces the juice of Spanish Liquorish dissolved an ounce in a quarter of a pint of Ale put these into a pint of new Milk and give it him warm fasting repeat it for five or six Mornings and ride him a gentle pace after it if the Weather be warm or any ways seasonable without letting him water or eat any thing then put him into a warm Stable give him a Mash of Oats and split Beans and keep him clean Littered and free from any noisom Scents And the Lungs by this means as also the Wind pipe being cleansed the Breath by degrees if you do not over labour heat or ride him in too much rainy Weather will return to its former easie and moderate Breathings A most Soveraign Drink to preserve a Horse's Lungs and Liver clear the most excelling Knowledge in a Horseman or Farrier Take the Tartar of White-Wine Lees which is no other than the Lees of White-Wine dried to Powder an ounce and a half of Isop two handfuls of Colts-foot two handfuls of Horehound one handful of Enula Campana-Roots an ounce four Liquorish-sticks bruised Aniseeds an ounce Red Sugar-candy four ounces boyl them all in a quart of Ale and when it is half boyled put to it of Hysop-water twice Distilled one pint boyl them again then strain it and give it him very warm to drink the charge hereof is very small If you have a delicate Horse and have Cleared him and Dieted him for I would not
or Cancerous Sore ibid. For any Sore-Eyes in Horses 98 For an old Strain or Lameness in the Joints c. ibid. Of a Black-Sinew Strain c. ibid. For any desperate Strain in the Shoulder or other hidden Parts or any Fistula Pole-Evil c. 99 Of a Flash Quarter 100 For an Over-reach on the Heel ibid. For an upper Taint or an Over-reach upon the Back c. ibid. Of the Nether Joint 101 Of the Serew or Serow ibid. All these Infirmities are Cured by this Medicine following Fevers in general the Pestilence c. ibid. For the Malender 103 Another of the same ibid. Of the Splint 104 Another of the same ibid. For Foundring ibid. For the Shoulderpight 106 For a Frothy Hoof. 107 For the blasting of the Hoof. ibid. For a Pinch or a Gall in the Withers ibid. A present Remedy for the Staggers ibid. For the Strangles ibid. For the Swelling of the Fore-legs ibid. Another for the same 108 Another for the same ibid. All these Infirmities are Cured by this following Medicine Impostumes in the Ears Ulcers in the Nose c. ibid. For a Grief in the Shoulder c. 109 Of the Wrinching of the Shoulder 110 Of Splayting of the Shoulder 111 A Remedy for the Spavins ibid. For the Colt-Evil ibid. For the Swelling of the Cods 112 For the Mattering of the Yard ibid. For the Tetter ibid. How to Remedy the Wind-gall ibid. An excellent and speedy help for the Glanders ibid. An Excellent Remedy for the Haw in the Eye 113 A rare Medicine for a sore Back c. ibid. An excellent Cure for the Scab and the sore Crupper ibid. For the Foaling of the Yard ibid. For the swelling of the Cods or Stones ibid. For a bony Excression upon any Member of a Horse 114 To cure the running Frush or any Impostumation of the Sole of the Foot c. ibid. For incording or Bursting ibid. For the Botch in the Groins of a Horse 115 All these Infirmities are cured by this following Medicine All Head-ach All Frenzies the Lethargy c. ibid. For surfeiting with Provender 116 For the Navel-Gall 117 Another Remedy for the same ibid. Another Remedy for the same ibid. For the sweying of the Back ibid. Of the Guarded or soul swelled Legs or other Parts c. 118 How to keep a Horse or a Jade from Tyring 119 Two sorts of Balls to cure any violent Cold c. 120 Another way how to fatten a Horse suddenly 121 For the Hide-bound 122 For the Navel-gall ibid. Another Remedy for the same Sore 123 Another Cure for the same ibid. For the Worms ibid. For the Lax. 124 For Costiveness or Belly-bound ibid. All these Infirmities are Cured by the Whey only contained in this following Medicine The Bloody Rifts c. 125 For the Yellows ibid. For the Surfeiting and Foundring of the Body 126 For the Colliâ—k ibid. Another cure for the same 127 Another for the same ibid. For surfeiting with Provender 128 These Infirmities are cured by the following Medicines All Conâ—uâ—sions of Sianews all cramps whatsoever c. ibid. For the Wens or Knobs in the Body ibid. Another cure for the same 129 Another Remedy for the same ibid. For the falling of the Crest ibid. For the Crick in the Neck ibid. To draw the Wolves Teeth 130 For the swelling of the Gums 131 Of the Rifts or corruption in the Pallate c. ibid. For the Cumey in the Mouth ibid. For the Heat in the Mouth ibid. For the Canker in the Mouth 132 For the Barbels or Paps under the Tongue ibid. For the Hurt of the Tongue with a Bit. ibid. For the Giggs in the Mouth ibid. These Infirmities are cured by the Medicine following Manginess in the Main Manginess in the Tail c. ibid. For the Bleeding at the Nose 133 Another Remedy for the same ibid. Of the Vines 134 Another Cure for the same ibid. For the Canker in the Nose ibid. Another Cure for the same 135 For the Canker of the Eyes ibid. For the Impostumes in the Ear. ibid. These Infirmities are cured by this Medicine following all Light Galls to skin Sores to dry up Humours 136 Of the Pole-Evil ibid. For Impostume in the Ear. 137 For the Canker in the Eye ibid. For the Haw in the Eye ibid. For the Lunatick Eyes 138 These Infirmities are cured by this following Medicine All Wounds in general all Sinnews cut c. 139 For the Staggers ibid. Another for the same 140 A Soveraign Medicine called the Emperor of all Medicines concerning Horses ibid. A safe Purge to prevent Sickness 141 For the Cramp or Convulsions of the Sinews ibid. How to order him after this for the recovery of his Limbs c. 142 For a Cold in the Head ib. These Infirmities are cured by the Medicine following The Pool-Evil The Swelling after Blood-letting c. 143 For the Glaunders ib. How to Order the Horse after this c. 144 The Mourning of the Chine its Cause and Cure 145 The manner of ordering him after this 146 These following things are most excellent to put into Horses Provender to preserve them from Diseases ib. Broken Wind the cause 147 For a broken Wind the Cure ib. A most Soveraign Drink to preserve a Horse's Lungs and Liver clear c. 148 Of the Signs of the inward Sicknesses of Horses 149 Observations to be taken from the Horse's Feeding and Dung as to the state of his Body c. 151 Things to be inferred from the before going Observations 152 Some other choice Observations for preventing of all inward Sicknesses ib. To refine the Blood c. 154 Of bleeding in any Heart-Sickness c. ib. How to prepare your Horse after Bleeding c. 155 An Excellent Perfume for inward Sickness c. 157 An Excellent Receipt with Directions for Ordering a Horse in extream Sickness and danger of Life 158 A closing Method to perfect the Cure of dangerous Sickness in a Horse pursuant to the former Rules 159 An excellent Medicine for any violent Sickness c. 160 How to order you Horse after receiving the fore-going Medicine to perfect his Recovery 161 To help the Horse that cannot Dung c. 162 Of the danger of Laxativeness in a Horse and how to remedy it ib. The means to help and preserve Horses from inward Diseases 163 FINIS ADVERTISEMENT SETS of Cuts for Bibles in Folio Quarto and Octavo curiously engraven on Copper containing near two hundred Plates are now sold to Book-sellers at a cheaper Price than usual viz. The Folio at 9 s. The Quarto at 7 s. 6 d. The Octavo's at 6 s. Also various Bibles of the several Volumes fit for the said Cuts to bind with By Henry Nelme at the Leg and Star in Cornhill Where Gentlemen or others may be furnished with the said Bibles ready bound either with or without Cuts Also Common-Prayers with the best Cuts extant At the said place may Country-Chapmen be furnished with all sorts of Bibles