Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	degree_n	great_a	zone_n	30	3	12.9275	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A05331	A geographical historie of Africa, written in Arabicke and Italian by Iohn Leo a More, borne in Granada, and brought vp in Barbarie. Wherein he hath at large described, not onely the qualities, situations, and true distances of the regions, cities, townes, mountaines, riuers, and other places throughout all the north and principall partes of Africa; but also the descents and families of their kings ... gathered partly out of his owne diligent obseruations, and partly out of the ancient records and chronicles of the Arabians and Mores. Before which, out of the best ancient and moderne writers, is prefixed a generall description of Africa, and also a particular treatise of all the maine lands and isles vndescribed by Iohn Leo. ... Translated and collected by Iohn Pory, lately of Goneuill and Caius College in Cambridge; Della descrittione dell'Africa. English	Leo, Africanus, ca. 1492-ca. 1550.; Pory, John, 1572-1636.	1600 (1600)	STC 15481; ESTC S108481	490,359	493

creatures that for feare of them the land in some places can very hardly in others by no meanes be manured or inhabited be it neuer so fruitfull Wherefore in diuers parts this region lieth waste and vnpeopled howbeit where it is inhabited it is exceeding fertile and that especially in the north parts thereof lying ouer against Europe where according to the report of many historiographers and cosmographers it was in ancient times abundantly furnished with inhabitants so likewise all the westerne coast betweene Cabo de buena esperança and Cabo Negro situate about nineteene degrees of southerly latitude containeth many plaines hils vallies and other places most fruitfull and pleasant it being there a continuall spring and elsewhere also it is verie fertile as it shall be declared more at large in the particular descriptions of each region The Equinoctiall circle doth in a manner diuide Africa in the verie midst thereof from whence it stretcheth not onely to each tropique but also twelue degrees almost beyond them both wherefore the greater part is comprized betweene the saide Tropiques vnder the Torrid or burnt Zone for which onely cause the ancient writers supposed it to be vnhabitable and desert in so many places which indeed is much rather to be ascribed to the waste wildernesse the barren and sandie soile and the 〈◊〉 of waters and fountaines It comprehendeth therefore fully and perfecty the three first northerly climates and so many and the like climates southerly for it is situate betweene the eleuenth north Parallele and the eleuenth Antiparallele or south Parallele both which are equally distant from the Equinoctiall on either side But about either of the foresaid extremes the longest day consisteth of fowerteene howers and one fourth part and about the midst of twelue howers exactly Likewise as touching the longitude Africa stretcheth from the Meridian vnder fower degrees to the Meridian vnder fower-score and two degrees of longitude to wit from Cabo Roxo or the Red cape on the west to Cape Guardafu on the east side betweene which two capes is the greatest bredth of Africa Africa hath too narrowe boundes allotted vnto it by Iohn Leo and certaine others for they disioine the greater part of Egypt and all Ethiopia there-from Wherefore it is more conuenient in this behalfe to follow Ptolemey and the late writers limiting the same on the north with the Mediterran sea and the streights of Gibraltar on the east with the Red sea or the Arabian gulfe and the small neckland of Asia passing betweene the Mediterran sea and the said gulfe on the south at the cape of Buena esperança where it endeth in forme of a wedge with the maine Ocean partly called the Ethiopian sea as being neere vnto the land of Ethiopia and on the west from the hither side of the Equinoctiall line with the Atlantike Ocean called by Ptolemey Mare Occiduum by Dionysius Hesperium and part thereof by the Spaniards Mar del Norte but beyond the Equinoctiall line it is bounded westward with the Ethiopian sea Africa hath very many and most exceeding great mountaines the principal wherof is Mount-Atlas whose tops of incredible height rising out of the midst of sandy desertes exalt themselues aboue the cloudes This mountaine beginneth westward at that place where it distinguisheth the Ocean by the name of Atlanticus from whence by a perpetuall ridge after many windings and turnings it extendeth east toward the confines of Egypt moreouer it is in most places rounde hard to ascend craggie steepe impassable cold barren shadie and euery where full of woods and fountaines with cloudes alwaies houering about the tops thereof being forlorn and desolate toward the Ocean but ouer against Africa minor most fertile and abounding with plentie of corne and of thick woods which are clad with a kinde of mosse no whit inferior to silke The tops of this mountaine are couered with deepe snowes euen in the midst of sommer and sometimes when the North winds blow any thing sharpe the snow falleth in such abundance that it hideth the trees growing vpon the sides therof and is deadly both to man and beast Moreouer the fountaines which are here found are so extreame cold in the hottest of sommer as if a man should dip his hand therein but for a short space it would loose both life sence and motion Besides Mount Atlas those mountaines likewise are very famous which being situate on the south part of Africa are called by the Portugales Os Picosfragosos for by reason of their surpassing height and craggie cliffes it is impossible to skale them and they are bare forlorne and destitute of all reliefe Likewise the cape commonly called Sierra Leonais as it were framed out of an exceeding high mountaine which may be kenned a mightie distance off the top of this mountaine is continuallie ouershadowed with cloudes which often send forth dreadfull thunder and lightening whereupon some think it to haue bin called by Ptolemey and by Hanno of Carthage The chariot of the gods The mountaines of the moone also knowen of old and situate vnder the Tropique of Capricorne being very high and craggie are inhabited by barbarous and sauage people nere vnto which are valleis of such exceeding depth as if they reached to the center of the earth Likewise there are certain mountaines in Angola called Cabambe containing most rich siluer-mines c. Also in Africa are certaine mightie lakes which for their extension seem rather to be seas the principal wherof called by some Zembre being situate by a number of huge mountaines and distant from the Equinoctial eleuen or twelue degrees to the south containeth about fiue hundred leagues in compasse out of which lake doe spring the famous riuers of Nilus Zaire and Cuama and some affirme very strange sea-monsters to be therein Africa likewise hath many exceeding great riuers as namely Nilus Niger Senaga Gambra Zaire Abagni Tagassi Coluez Coauo Cuama and Maniche or Rio del spirito santo all which are in a manner of the same qualitie and disposition for with their yeerlie in undations they doe most wonderfullie fatten and enrich the soile of the territories adioyning Nilus the most famous riuer of the world diuiding Egypt in the midst and with his ouerflowes making it most fruitefull continueth in his yeerely increase fortie daies and forty daies in decrease to wit from the seuenteenth of Iune to the sixt of October and this riuer after a mightie long course through Ethiopia and Egypt dischargeth his streames into the Mediterran sea The riuer of Niger running through the land of Negros called of old as Solinus supposed by the naturall inhabitants Astabus and according to Marmolius Hued Nijar in the Arabian toung is now esteemed by Paulus Iouius to be Gambra and by Cadamosta the riuer of Senaga but that both of them are deceiued it is euident out of the description of Sanutus who putteth downe the two foresaid riuers

December Ianuarie and Februarie such as are borne in Europe can very hardly walke or mooue themselues for faintnes and all the rest of the yeere once in eight or ten daies they seeme to be taken with an hot and a cold fit of an ague which continueth vpon them for tow howers togither They are thrice or oftner let bloud euerie yeere and few of them liue aboue fiftie yeeres but their Negros remaine more then an hundred yeers aliue They which newly arriue there are commonly surprized with a most dangerous feauer which holdeth them for twentie daies togither And these are let bloud without any reckoning of ounces Heereblow no windes at all but onely from the southeast south and southwest which windes stirre not in the moneths of December Ianuarie and Februarie and therefore these moneths are most extremely hot But in Iune Iuly and August they blow a fresh gale In this isle the French euill and the scuruies are verie rife The soile is of a meane colour betweene red and yellow being clammie like claie and by reason of the continuall nightly dewes as soft and pliable as waxe and of incredible fertility Besides diuers other good ports it hath one principall among the rest belonging to the chiefe towne or citie called Pauoasan consisting of aboue seuen hundred families and inhabited by Portugals and into the saide port runneth a little riuer of excellent water To euery of the Ingenios or sugar-houses which in all may amount to the number of seuentie do belong Negro-slaues for the planting of their canes and the dressing of their sugars to some two hundred and to others three hundred a piece who liue vpon Maiz or Ghiny-wheat the number of which slaues is so great that oftentimes they rebell to the great domage of the Portugals They haue good sustenance also by meanes of a root called there Igname but in the west Indies Batata Wheat that is heere sowen groweth not to any ripenes or graine but is resolued altogether into grasse They make wine of the Palme-tree Vines prosper nothing kindely in this place except it be heere and there one planted by an house-side and attended with great diligence They bring forth clusters at the same time some ripe some greene and some blossomes onely and they beare fruit twice in the yeere as doe the fig-trees likewise They haue sugar-canes ripe all the yeere long but melons onely in Iune Iuly and August No tree that beareth fruit with a stone or kernell will fructifie or prosper in this place 〈◊〉 are found all ouer the Isle certaine crabs or creuises like vnto them of the sea heere be likewise gray parots and infinite other birds of diuers sortes and in the sea are mightie store of whales especially toward the firme land The principall riches of this isle consist in sugars whereof there groweth great abundance The sugar-canes are planted and cut euery moneth and in fiue months they grow to ripenes but by reason of the moistnes of the ayer they neither prooue hard nor white but are of a reddish colour The tenths which belong to the king amount to the number of 12. or 14. thousand Arrouas euery Arroua being one and thirtie Italian pound-weight In times past there were fortie ships yeerely laden therewith but now of late certaine wormes which eat the roots of the canes or as others think white antes or mise haue so mightily impaired the growth of this commodity that now there are not aboue sixe ships laden therewith The sugar-canes after they be once ground they giue vnto their hogges wherewith they prooue fat and their flesh is very sauory For returne of sugars the merchants of Europe carry thither meale wine swordes oile cheese hides drinking-glasses and certaine shels which there and in the countries adioining they vse insteed of mony Of the coniunction betweene the men of Europe and the Negro women are bred a generation of browne or tawnie people This Isle of Saint Thomas together with the principal towne and castle was in October 1599 taken by part of the same fleet of Hollanders which not fullie foure moneths before had sacked the isles castles and townes of Gran Canaria and Gomera Of the Isle del principe and that of Fernando Po. THe Isle del principe or of the prince situate in three degrees of Northerly latitude and one hundred twentie miles on this side the isle of Sant Thomas is little in quantitie but excellent in qualitie for which cause it is throughly tilled and manured The reuenues thereof which consist the greatest part in sugars were in times past allowed vnto the prince of Portugale whereupon it was named The isle of the prince This Isle was in the yeere 1598 taken by certaine ships of war sent forth vnder the conduct of Iulianus Clerehagen at the charges of Balthasar Musheron of Camphere in Zeland merchant who had the conquest thereof giuen him by patent from Prince Maurice and the States generall of the vnited prouinces That of Fernando Po hath no other matter of speciall note saue onely a certaine lake which is the originall of sundry freshets of sweete and holesome water which make the island to be most pleasant It seemed so beautifull to the first discouerer thereof that he termed it Ilha fermosa or The faire isle To the west of these two isles are situate the isle of Sant Matthew and that of Santa Cruz and afterward hauing passed the Equinoctial you come to the isle of Sant Paule and the isle of conception both which were discouered by Pedro Aluarez Cabral in the yeere 1501. Of the isles of Cabo verde NExt vnto Cape verde it selfe stand The Barbacene which are seuen small isles replenished with greene trees and full of strange birds vnknowne to vs and yet are they vtterly voide of inhabitants But those that are called the isles of Cape verde which by ancient authors are thought to haue bin named Gorgones or Gorgades or Hesperides are nine in number and are fituate betweene Cabo verde and Cabo blanco They were first discouered by Antonio di Nolli a Genoway and began in like sort to be peopled in the yeere of our Lord 1440. Albeit there are none of them now inhabited but onely the isle of Sant Iago and Isla del fo go or The burning isle The principall of them all is Sant Iago being seuentie miles long whereon the Portugals haue a faire and strong towne called Ribera grande with a riuer running through it and a commodious and secure hauen it is very strongly seated betweene two mountaines and consisteth of fiue hundred families at the least The riuer which springeth two leagues from the city is beautified vpon the bankes thereof with Cedars Orenge-trees and diuers other plants amongst which the Palme tree of India that beareth nuts prospereth exceeding well The hearbes of Europe grow here as naturally as in their original soile howbeit the seeds thereof must euery yeere be brought out of Spaine The isle is