which Case 't is certainly incurable And I have already intimated that an inveterate Farcin may infect and waste the Substance of the Lungs And how a Remedy apply'd to the Fore-head put into the Ear hung at the Tail or Mane or Ointments spread on the Knots can heal an Ulcer in the Lungs I confess is very much above my Capacity to comprehend Only thus much I know and dare confidently maintain That so long as those Ulcers remain the Farcin that is caus'd and fomented by 'em must necessarily subsist From what has been said I may reasonably conclude That those Infallible Gentlemen are very little acquainted with the Nature of the Disease they pretend to cure and perhaps never made an Experiment of the Virtue of their Remedies The Farcin seems to have a very near Resemblance to the French Pox Leprosie and King's Evil. CHAP. CXLVI Of an inveterate Farcin YOU will sometimes meet with Farcins of so long a standing and so deeply rooted that the Cure is extremely difficult and even sometimes impracticable if the Substance of the Liver or Lungs be wasted and corrupted But since 't is impossible to divine whether those Parts be infected 't wou'd be a very unreasonable Inference from what I have said on this Subject to pretend that when a Horse is troubl'd with an inveterate Farcin he must be suffer'd to perish without Assistance And besides these Parts are oftentimes only heated dryed or so slightly ulcerated that they may be easily heal'd and restor'd to their wonted Temperament by the Use of convenient Remedies But I shall never advise any Man whatever Tryal he may have made of his Remedy to promise the Cure of an inveterate Farcin when the Knots send forth great Pieces of Flesh like large Mushrooms especially after an unsuccessful Application of other Remedies For such Attempts are oftentimes attended with Shame instead of Honour and Success especially when the Farcin is accompany'd with a Running at the Nose or seizes on the Kernels as it happens frequently in inveterate Farcins which degenerate into the Glanders according to the Vulgar Saying That the Farcin is Cousin-German to the Glanders Before you proceed to the Application of Remedies you may try this easie Experiment Spread about two Ounces of Assa-foetida on a Stick and wrapping a Cloth about it put it into the Horse's Mouth and make him champ upon it twenty four Hours together without suffering him to eat or drink all the while This will draw forth a prodigious Quantity of filthy Humours and if the Lungs be not consum'd or the Liver ulcerated perhaps the Horse will recover You must not be afraid of the seeming Violence of the Remedy for a Horse may fast twenty four Hours without any Danger Neither do I blame the Custom of those who put a second Stick with fresh Assa-foetida into the Horse's Mouth after twelve Hours The Decoctions of Guaiacum Sassafras Sarsaparilla and China Roots are very proper on this Occasion and may be given every Morning for seven or eight Days before Purgation For Example If the Horse's Body be full of raw tough and viscous Humours to which Inconveniency fleshy Horses are very subject the Decoction of Guaiacum will cut attenuate and prepare the Humours to be expell'd by Nature or evacuated by a Purging Remedy If the Horse be Lean and Dry full of Hot and Choleric or Melancholic Humours the Decoction of China will prepare 'em without augmenting their Heat for it may be conveniently given in a Consumption and ill Habit of Body The Decoction of Sarsaparilla is of a middle Nature between the other two The Decoction of Guaiacum is proper for those thick and bulky Dutch Horses that are over-loaded with Flesh and full of Moisture and running or watery Sores The Decoction of Guaiacum Infuse ten Ounces of the Shavings of Guaiacum Wood or for want of that of Box Wood in nine Pints of Water and after they have stood twelve Hours in Infusion on hot Ashes Boil 'em with a gentle Heat in a cover'd Vessel to the Consumption of the third Part of the Water Then strain out the Liquor and give your Horse a Quart every Day for eight Days together keeping him bridl'd three Hours before and three Hours after every Dose You may Purge him afterwards with one of the above-mention'd Remedies The Decoction of China Take four Ounces of the Roots of China cut very small put 'em into a large Glass-Bottle well stopp'd with nine Pints of Water and after they have stood fifteen Hours in Infusion boil 'em over a gentle Fire to the Consumption of one half taking care to prevent the Evaporation of the thinner Parts of the Medicine Then strain out the Liquor and give your Horse a third part of it every Morning keeping him Bridl'd two Hours before and as long after This Decoction must be drunk luke-warm and prepar'd every three Days because 't is apt to turn sowre After eight Doses 't will be convenient to exhibit a Purging Remedy The Decoction of Sarsaparilla This Decoction is prepar'd like that of China only the quantity must be larger because 't is adapted for the Preparation of thicker Humours For Example instead of four Ounces of China you must take six of Sarsaparilla Continue the use of this Decoction six or eight Days to prepare the Humours that cause and foment the Farcin and to purifie the Blood After such a Preparation the Purging Remedy operates more effectually and procures a more plentiful Evacuation whereas the Purgatives that are given without any Preparation or consist of ill chosen Ingredients increase the Distemper instead of abating it and even augment its Malignity After Purgation repeat the Decoctions to dry the habit of the Body and to drain the source of those Malignant Humours that foment the Disease This Method is also very proper for Coach-Horses that are troubl'd with the Pains or filthy Sores in their Legs for otherwise 't is hardly possible to stop the course of the Humours and dry up the source of those noisome Ulcers since they usually break forth again three Months after they are dry'd up and at last are succeeded by hard Swellings like Warts which render the Disease incurable To prevent those dangerous Relapses while your Horse is Young after you have observ'd twice or thrice his Legs to be over-run with Sores you must take two Pound of Blood from him then give him the Decoctions of Guaiacum or for want of that of Box-Wood and afterwards purge him and dry up those watry Humours If the Sores break forth again make him drink the Decoction ten Days then purge him and after the Evacuation is ceas'd and his Appetite perfectly restor'd give him the Decoction for ten Days longer which in all probability will put a final stop to the course of the Humours Instead of the Decoctions of Guaiacum China and Sarsaparilla you may exhibit two Ounces of the Powder of either of the three in a Quart of White-Wine and observe the
appear after some time The Horse may be ridden or kept to his usual Work during the Cure if it be perform'd in Summer but in the Winter you must observe a contrary Method Of Clefts Cracks or Chops These Clefts appear on the Bought of the Pasterns and are occasion'd by a sharp and malignant Humour that frets the Skin and is accompany'd with Pain and a very noisome Stench Shave away the Hair from the sore places and if there be no Swelling apply the Neat-herd's or Coach-man 's Ointment or if neither of these can be procur'd the white Honey-Charge which will quickly heal the Chops If the Flesh be foul and retard the Cure you must touch it with Spirit of Vitriol and two Hours after apply the white Honey-Charge renewing the Application of the Charge till the Cleft be heal'd Some will hardly be persuaded to shave away the Hair pretending that it pricks and festers the Sores when it grows again but this is an Abuse for 't is absolutely impossible to keep the Part clean and extremely difficult to perform the Cure while the Sores remain cover'd with Hair And therefore to prevent any Inconveniency that may be occasion'd by the cutting of the Hair you must shave it very close and in my Opinion when a Horse is subject to these Clefts the best way is to keep the Pasterns continually shav'd and to cut the Hair of those Places as often as the Manc but you must not cut the Fetlock The Oil of Hemp-seed or for want of that of Linseed is an excellent Remedy in this Case for it allays the Sharpness of the Humours and very often heals and dries up the Chops Take Linseed Oil and Brandy of each an equal Quantity shake 'em together in a Glass till they be well mixt and then anoint the Chops If this Remedy do not operate effectually apply one of the drying Ointments Of the Pains and Watery Sores in the Legs There is a certain stinking or fretting Matter that issues out of the Pores and deadens the Skin of the Pastern Fetlock-Joint and sometimes of the whole Leg. And 't is even so Corrosive that it loosens the Hoof from the Cronet at the Heel appearing on the Skin in the form of a very white and malignant Matter which denotes the greatness of the Corruption The breaking forth of this Matter is almost always preceeded by a Swelling and accompany'd with Pain and at last acquiring a venomous quality 't is succeeded by Warts and Clefts It appears usually at first at the side of the Pasterns and afterwards ascends to the middle of the Leg peeling off some part of the Hair The Cure is not very difficult in the beginning but when the Disease is inveterate and the Course of the Humours constantly determin'd to the sore Place it becomes as it were the Sink of all the Corruption in the Body The Part swells and is over-spread with Warts Mules and Clefts which make the Cure very difficult As soon as you perceive that your Horse is troubl'd with this Distemper let him Blood but sparingly for 't will be sufficient to take away two Pounds of Blood then give him every Morning for eight Days together the Decoction of Guaiacum or Box-Wood and afterwards purge him observing the same Method both in preparing and administring the Decoction which is describ'd in Chap. CXLVI These Medicines reach the Cause of the Distemper by destroying and consuming the Humours that occasion it and are not only very useful in this Case but also for the Healing of all the Scabs and Sores that appear in Coach-Horses Legs And if a Horse begin to be troubl'd with these Distempers while he is young you may easily prevent the return of these Infirmities in his Legs that diminish considerably both his Price and Goodness by repeating the same Doses of the Decoction and Purgative the two following Years Whether these Remedies be administer'd or not you must immediately shave away the Hair and if the Leg be not gourded rub the sore places very hard with a Wisp and then apply the following Ointment An Ointment to dry up the Pains or Watery Sores Take a Pound of Black Soap an ordinary Glass of Spirit of Wine two Ounces of common Salt beaten small three Ounces of Burnt Allom and a sufficient quantity of Meal to thicken the whole mix and make an Ointment to be apply'd to the sore place without any Bandage or Cover The next Day wash the Part very clean with a new-made Lye and renew the Application of the Remedy continuing after the same manner till the Leg be sound as it will be in a little time if it be not Gourded CHAP. CLXXXII The Ointment of Oldenburg to heal and dry up the Pains Rat-Tails Mules and other foul and watery Sores in a Horse's Legs PUT two Pounds of common Honey in a new glaz'd Pot over a very small Fire and assoon as it begins to boil remove it from the Fire and add Verdigrease in fine Powder and white Vitriol grossly beaten of each four Ounces incorporating 'em with the Honey Then set the Pot again on a small Fire as before stirring the Substances about and adding two Ounces of Galls in very fine Powder take it off a second time from the Fire and after you have continu'd stirring for some time put in an Ounce of Sublimate beaten very small and stir all the Substances together till they be cold This Ointment dries up Sores very powerfully tho' it may be made stronger by adding four Ounces of Aqua-fortis after the Ointment is cold but you must take care not to put in too much lest it shou'd occasion a Swelling in the Leg. This Ointment must be mixt over a very small and gentle Fire and assoon as you perceive it begins to boil too fast you must immediately remove it from the Fire for otherwise it wou'd certainly fly over the Pot. 'T is so strong that if you lay on too much of it 't will raise a Scab instead of drying up a Sore and therefore in the Cure of the Pains Clefts and other running Sores you must only anoint the Parts slightly renewing the Application every Day but the same Caution is not to be observ'd with respect to Warts which are oftentimes cur'd by this Ointment It may be kept a long time without losing its Virtue After an unprofitable Tryal of other Ointments you may have recourse to this for if the Leg be not Gourdy there will not be need of above two Applications to dry up the most obstinate running Sores Another Remedy to dry up the Pains or Running Sores Wash the Part every Evening with the Second Water and if the Horse be old you may use Aqua-fortis but if the Disease will not yield to these Remedies you must apply the Ointment of Oldenburg or the Neat-herd's Ointment which will certainly dry up the malignant Humour provided the Leg be not swoll'n If the Leg be swoll'n and hot wash the sore places with the
Exact and Correct than heretofore In many parts I have taken away whole Remedies which appeared to me not so good as those I have put in their places and I have cleared the most part of the Pages of those trouble some Characters such as Crocheâ—s Stars and Little Hands that marked the Additions made from time to time and which composed a Bizarre and fantastical body of Work more proper to distract and confound the Reader than render him attentive and instruct him I had left in my former Editions out of an indulgent Humor and in behalf of many Farriers and some opiniative Humours certain Remedies or rather certain Old Rotes and Practices which a long custom had so Authorised that I scarcely believed I could wholly destroy them at present I banish this Tolleration and although I put my self in hazard of exciteing against me this Croud of People infatuated with their false Opinions yet I declare that I am absolutely against these Old and despicable Routines and pretend after having first rejected them to substitute in their places wholsome Remedies for example amongst the different Remedies which I had given for Foundering in the feet I had slipt in that bad Custom of Gartering for Reasons I shall explain in the Chapter Treating of that Infirmity If I had omitted that Routine People would either have accused me of singularity or that I had been ignorant of a practice which had been by time beyond the compass of Memorie rooted and established among the Farriers Now I quit that Circumspection and intend to prove that the use of Garters is to be abolished and that if they are not altogether unprofitable yet they generally do more prejudice than good This I shall make clearly appear to such who are endued but with a moderate portion of Reason and good sense It is the same with what they commonly practise upon a Horse that is strained in the Shoulder or Haunch for several Farriers prepossest with the old Routine cause the Horse if the strain be in the Shoulder Nager à Sec as the French call it which is nothing else but the tying up of the sound Leg with a peice of small Rope to his fore thigh that so he may not set it to the ground and then they constrain him to walk upon his three Legs You shall have the Reason why they do this in its proper place and if it be in the Haunch then they make him draw in the Harrows which is nothing else but to redouble the pain in a part already very much afflicted and it is the same as if a man who hath strained his Knee or Thigh should go Cripple and walk upon it But in this occasion they don't rest there for having forced the horse either to walk thus upon three Legs or to draw in the Harrows they at the very same time blood him in the Plat Veins or flat of the Thighs which is a manifest Counter-time and very great imprudence because the horse's whole Blood being agitated by the violent motion of going upon three Legs c. there evacuats none but that which is purest and most filled with Animal Spirits So that nature remains weakned and far less capable to Re establish the Shoulder or Thigh which they intend to Cure Besides that to take Blood in such an occasion from the Plat-Vein is but to draw down the Humor upon the part afflicted whereas by a more judicious practice they might make a Revulsion and divert it by Blooding in the Neck Don't they fall again into another Mistake against Good Practice and Custom when they suspect a Horse of having the Glaunders because he hath Kernels and casteth at the Nose for then they begin by removing the Kernels as if they were the Cause of the Glanders whereas they are only its Effects and a Horse is no less Glander'd for having the Kernels taken away also a Horse which casteth at the Nose may be perhaps but Colded although he appear to have the Glanders But their abuse goes yet further because when they observe that a Horse Casts after the Kernels are removed they then give him some Cordials after their own fashion which neither Cure the Horse nor so much as prevent his Casting so that for last refuge they Purge and Repurge him which is a great abuse and the true and ready way to render the Disease incureable it being most certain that Purging in such a case produces a bad effect because it disorders and confounds nature by forceing her to take another way to discharge her self than that she would have chosen of her own accord They would prevent such accidents as these if they were capable of a little Speculation but it is not for them this Axiom is made Medicus est inspector naturae for in fine a man should always accomodate himself to Nature and cross and oppose her as little as possible I could play the Critick longer and could recite a great many more examples but I refer the Reader to the First * In this Translation the Second part of this work which will instruct him in every thing relating to the Knowledge of Horses and assist him to make Judicious Reflections upon the Cause and Signs of their Diseases he will find them there Defined with so great care and exactness that he will scarcely receive more exact Ideas of them any where else and if he will but join to them a little Practice and apply himself to the Composition and Application of the Remedies he will be in no danger of being ensnared by the Mischievous and pitiful Routines of some of our common Farriers and of another Set of People who are no less to be feared I mean certain Half knowing Men who having but Superficial Notions of what I shall explain fancie to amuse the World with a great Fracas of words but shamefully hold their peace when People require their Effects I tell my Opinion with a great deal of freedom but yet with more Ingenuity and Candor and all know that my Words and Actions are free from any mean By end and that I have no other motive herein but after a Generous way to oblige the Publick and particularly those who delight in Horses I conclude by saying that a Man may also receive some happy Impressions relating to this Subject and some others fit for frameing the Spirit of a Young Gentleman by Reading a Book entituled in French Les Arts De l'homme d'epée published by G. Guillet wherein is found amongst other things the Facility of Dictionaries for the Terms and Definitions of each Subject are there set down in an Alphabetical order Many people have found so much good by it already that I fancie the Publick will be in some measure beholden to me for recommending it AN ALPHABETICAL CATALOGUE Of All the Simples and Drugs mentioned in this Work Together with their French and Latin Appellations in the first Column is contained the English in the Second the
is of greatest importance and use in any Horse for people buy Horses only to Ride or Travell upon that is the end for which they will have them any other design being only so many means the better to arrive at and obtain that end but before you cause walk any Horse you must observe if when he is standing still he be right planted upon his Limbs because upon the right or wrong Camping of a Horse when he is standing still doth depend notwholly but in a great part his good or bad going and carriage Now the natural situation of the Legs should be larger or wider above than below that is to say the distance which is betwixt the one foot and the other should be less than that between the one of the fore thighs and the other upon the inside and at that part of them which is next to the shoulders the knees should not incline too much to other or be too close one upon the other but the whole Leg should descend in a streight line to the very Pastern joynt the feet being placed upon the ground should be turned neither out nor in but the Toe pointing directly forewards being situate or camped after this manner he will be very well plauted on his Legs and all this may be observed when he is at rest and standing in the Stable As for the Hind-hand his jarrets or hams should not be too closs together and if they are then he will be crooked or bowed called in French un Cheval crochu but according to the term the Horse Coursers give it they say that such a Horse is only a little too much closed behind the hind-leg or rather that part called the instep which is betwixt the Hock and Pastern joynt should stand perpendicular to the ground if it stand foreward or as it were under his Belly the situation of it is bad but if it stand stopping a little backwards from the perpendicular line and be so situate as when a Horse is going to stale or piss it is no bad stance but then commonly such Horses have too long Haunches which is a deffect for the manage because it is with a great dale of difficulty that they can assemble themselves and goe upon their Haunches but they have for the most part always a good walk or Raik although the fore parts be the sooner spoilt and ruined by it upon the contrary again those Horses whose Haunches Hams and In steps are altogether streight that is whose hind legs towards the feet fall not far enough back when standing still I say such Horses can but with difficulty raik or walk well moreover if the hind Pastern joynt be so placed either to one side or forewards as if it were dislocate such situations are nought he should likewise plant his hind feet fla upon the ground and not rest only upon his Toes as those Horses which are called in French Chevaux Ramptins you must also observe if he turn the toes of his hind feeâ— much outwards which is a very considerable imperfection in respect that in great descents such Horses have almost no strength in their Haunches and if they be designed for the Coach it will not be possible for them to keep her back when upon any considerable descent but that you may be the more sure of this cause the Horse which situates himself after that manner to go or be put back with ones hand and if in going back he keep the toâ—â— of his hind feet turned outwards then is it with difficulty that he goeth back which is a sign that he will be for no great service and the more that he turneth out his hind toâ—â— the more reason will you have to conclude that he is a bad Horse whatever other qualifications he may have This much of the situation in which a Horse should most commonly place himself when standing still let us now prosecute the rest and observe his step or walk you must then cause step him forewards to know if he be not lame for if he be it will be to no purpose to examine him further few People buying Horses which are nottarly known to be lame You must cause ride the Horse at a foot pace that you may have the more time not only to consider if he walk well but also if his Legs perform the actions which they ought now for a Horse to walk well his steps should be quick that is he should not make in his walk slow and debile motions with his Legs but should move them quickly and make two times with them in the space that many Horses mark but one thus he will walk more commodiously fatigue himself less and his rider will be more eased and comforted by it After having made this general view you are to observe that for a Horse to go well he should have the Raising or lifting up of his Leg the Stay or keeping of it up and the Tread or setting of it down all good these are called in French Le Lever ou hausser le Soûtieu et L'appuy now because this is a kind of Language not understood by every Person I shall explain each term by it self as followeth The Lever raising or lifting up of a Horses Legs when he is walking will be good if he perform it hardily and with ease not crossing his Legs the one over the other nor carrying his feet either too much out or in and that he also bend his knees as much as is needfull this is for the Lever or raising of his Legs The Soûtien stay or keeping of them up is good when after that his legs are raised he keepeth them up so long as he ought the rest of his body and head remaining in a good posture a man may know when a Horse hath not the stay or keeping up of his leg good when he perceives him set it down suddenly to give ease to his other leg in which he is perhaps either pained or hath a weakness some Horses also appear as if their noses were always a going to the ground and of these it may be very justly said that the stay or keeping up of their Legs in the Air is nought and that their legs are weak and pained this much of the Soûtien or stay of a Horses Legs in the Air which is the Second thing to be considered in a Horses going In the third and last place you are to consider the Appuy or setting down of the Legs or rather feet upon the ground commonly called the Tread which to be good should be firm vigorous and streight and without resting upon one side of the foot more than upon the other or setting down the toe or heel the one before the other but that both be done at one and the same time and when the foot is placed upon the ground that it be turned neither out nor in but perfectly streight that the Pastern also be neither too much plyed nor too stiff or streight
the grass I would also judge it very proper to give them half an ounce of good sweâ— Sublimate in powder in a pound of Fresh Butter with two ounces of the Cordâ—â— powder being all well wrought together and made into Balls which you are to cause him swallow with an English quart of Claret Wine and which will drive away and kill all the Worms which the green Barley or grass do many times breed and learn behind them if you cannot conveniently get sweet Sublimate or that it be veâ— dear then give hiâ— in a pound of Butter four ownces of Cinnabar or Vermilion 〈◊〉 fine powder with the foresaid two ounces of the Cordial powder mixed all well altogether and formed into Balls which you are also to cause him swallow with the abovementioned quantity of Wine and this will give Chace to and destroy all the Vermine which he can possibly have in his body CHAP. LIII A continuation of the Method for recovering Horses which are harassed and lean after a long journey THE most part of Horses which are Fatigued or over-rid CHAP LIII A continuation of the method for recovering horses which are harassed and lean and made leâ— by it have their Flanks altered without being Purly particulary Vigoâ—â—â— horses which have wrought too violently but above all the Cravates are 〈◊〉 Subject to it there is no better method to recover them than to give them in the morning half a pound of honey very well mixed amongst some scalded Bran 〈◊〉 when they shall eat well the half pound give them the next time a whole one 〈◊〉 then afterwards two pounds every day continuing it until by long eating of it yâ—â— find that your horses emptie and purge well with it when you preceive that the no longer purge then forbear to give them any more honey but not sooner or you have not a mind to give them honey then give them amongst their scaldâ— Bran the pouder of Liquorish for a confiderable time you may also during this the give them Three or Four Glysters to cool their Blood and evacuate the 〈◊〉 humours which are contained in their intestines and which will also give tâ—â—ane apetite If their Flanks don't recover then give them to eat of a powder for Pursy horâ—s described in the 65. Chap. of the 2d part Sect. 8. all horses are not to be put upâ—â— the Slavering-bit alike therefore you are to Suffer those which are lean to 〈◊〉 longer than the rest and when they forbear eating then you are to put thâ—â— upon the Snaffle or Slavering-bit and let them continue so for ane hour after whâ—â— you shall turn them again to the Manger When the Groom goes to bed at night it is very proper that he give those horses which are very lean two measures or French peâ—ks of wet Bran which is somewhat less then four English Quarts over and above their ordinary proportion of Oats It is very fit also for such horses as are extraordinary lean to give them among their Oats some of the pouder described in the 66 Chap. of the 2d part Sect. 2. you are likewise to give to those horses which are very Light-bellyed a good handfull of wheat in the Morning before watering and continue it for some dayes suffering them to eat Hay as well in the night time as in the day and to give them but little or no wheat straw at all Grass is excellent for such kind of horses If it be a Mare which is very Light-bellyed you must cause give her a Horse because if she hath never had a Foal before this will stretch and enlarge her Belly In fine you are to give to all horses which you intend to fatten a greater proportion of oats then to those which are a ready plump and in a good condition Some people say that it is a very good receipt for fattening a horse to cause rub his Tail tuice a day with the Oats which he hath left uneaten before him in the Manger but betuixt too much and too little as well in Food as in Labour or exercise there is a middle that is far better then the extremes which are alwayes hurtfull Sometimes by feeding a horse too strongly a man does him more prejudice than good and People will observe them without any manifest cause to sweat in the stable especially when they sleep and that although the Stable be neither kept too warm nor the horse too much Covered if you perceive this happen to your horses it is a certain sign that they eat too much for it is the same with them as in men according to Hippocrates in his Aphorisms Sudor multus ex somno citra manifestam causam ciens corpus multo alimento uti significat If after the retrenching his allowance of Food he still continue to sweat he does then in that case stand in need of purging according to the same Aphorisme si vero cibum non capienti hoc fiat significat quod evacuatione opus habet You shall therefore purge and repurge him after which he will recover more in the space of fifteen dayes than he would have done in a Month had he not been thus throughly purged Although I alledge great difficulties in purging horses without a necessity nevertheless when People know certainly that it is needful they are to pass over these confiderations and purge them according to the precautions I shall give hereafter when I discourse of Purging You are to observe that lean fatigued and over-rid horses which People would suddenly fatten by feeding them excessively without any kind of order or rule are subject to take the Farcy therefore to prevent this you are not to give them so great a quantity to eat at a time and are also to take a little Blood of them now and then It is likewise to be remarked that every horse which drinketh lustily will be quickly restored and mend sooner than he that drinketh little and when a horse begins to drink heartily it is a certain sign that he will in a short time recover The best method for horses which eat too greedily is to spread well their Oats and scatter them in the Manger because having some difficulty in gathering them up they can neither eat them in such haste nor swallow them unchawed To feed with straw very small cut is an invention much made use of in Germany which is a very good one they have in that Countrey people who have no other imployment but to cut straw which they sell in their shops by the bushel as they do Oats Cut straw mixed with Oats is excellent to prevent a hors's eating of them too greedily besides that it being of it self a very good food is mighty wholesome for them But to fatten a horse which hath his Flanks a little altered you are to throw a good handful of Oats amongst a French Bushell of cut straw which is somewhat less than twelve English quarts and moistning all with a
as I have ordered This is what I thought needful to show you concerning the preparation of the â—â—mors before purging lest it might prove prejudicial to Horses which have 〈◊〉 reluctancy and aversion to it and from which if they be not well prepared for it the many times receive great dammage I have here said a little concerning the Purgation of Horses which before 〈◊〉 hath never been treated of by any to the end people might both receive because by it and that I might also by this small Swatch or Pattern give an opportunity 〈◊〉 the Curious to dive deeper into the Medicine and Physick of Horses than hath 〈◊〉 been done hitherto and which is extremly neglected by those that are capâ—â—â— because they absolutly rely upon the skill of such who can scarcely read their 〈◊〉 and therefore do many times loss their Horses by their negligence and ignorâ—â—â— and for lack of a little Reflection and Study CHAP. LXV Of Glysters THe Word Glyster is derived from the Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which signifies to wash CHAP. LXV Of Glysters from whence it is sometimes called also a Wathing because the Guts are cleansed by the injection that is made into the intestines it is proper for provocking the excretion or voiding of the Excrements to soften their hardness or to correct some intemperature or to abate some great pain or excessive beating of the flanks to expell Wind to stop the immoderate fluxes of the Belly and to kill the worms which are contained in the intestines Glysters also produce a great many other good effects because there is almost no part of the Body which does not receive some relief by them and that by reason of the correspondence that all its parts have with the lower belly or Guts which being fred of their impurities give the more liberty to other parts to discharge themselves of those humors which are prejudicial to them People compose them different wayes and according as they intend to treat the Horse as I shall show you all along the second Part when I discourse of the several Diseases but those which are most in use are the Emollient An Emollient Glyster which are called common Glysters People make a decoction of Mallows March-Mallows Violets Herb Mercury Pellitory of the Wall and Bears-breach causing boyl two or three handfulls of each in three English quarts and a half of water with two ounces of bruised Anniseeds if it be in winter but if it be in the summer then there may be added for cooling the seeds of Cucumbers Gourds Pumpkins Wild-gourds Melons and an ounce or two of Polychrest they afterwards strain all through a cloath and according to their intention add some kind of Electuary to it especially the Catholicum for Horses which is described in the 76 Chap. Sect. 5. of the Second Part or otherwise they make use of Honey or the like Beer or Ale is a decoction ready made in which a man may cause boyl two ounces of the Scorte or refuse of the Liver of Antimony in fine powder or otherways if he intend to make use of Purgatives then Colocynth Sene or any other according to the intention he hath to purge and after having strained the decoction from them he shall then dissolve in it some proper Electuary or other Medicament as he shall think fit However for the conveniency of those who are altogether ignorant of their composition I shall here set down the models of all kinds of Glysters whereby they may be instructed to make any of what nature and operation soever People to expell and drive the wind out of a Horses body A Carminative Glyster make Carminative Glysters of some of the emollient Herbs to which they add Organy or Wila Marjoram Calamint the flowers of Melilot and Camomil of each two handfulls with an ounce and an half of Polychrest in powder they make about two English quarts and a half of a decoction and after having strained it add four ounces of good Oyl of Bays or in place of it two ounces of the Catholicum for Horses or of the Electuary of Bay-Berries an ounce and an half and of all this they compose a Glyster which they administer to their Horse Or in the place of the Electuary of Bay-berries a man may take two ounces of the Oyl of Dill or otherways an English pynt of Emetick Wine in place of either There are many other wayes of composing Carminative Glysters of which I shall give you a description when I discourse of those diseases for which they are proper but particularly where I treat of Colicks occasioned by Wind. Make an ordinary decoction of the Emollient Herbs and Polychrest A purging Glyster then dissolve in two English quarts of what is strained from them an English pynt of Cows Urine being mixed with it two ounces of the Catholicum for Horses and eight ounces of Mercurial Honey and if you will increase its purgative vertue mix with it an English pynt of the infusion of the Liver of Antimony which I shall show you hereafter to make and which is Emetick Seing this Honey is most proper to be given as well in Glysters for the better pâ—â—ging of Horses as in many other preparations I shall therefore here show you iâ— Composition Take three pounds of Herb Mercury well pickt and cleansed wâ—â—â— four pounds of Honey mix and boyl them together now and then skimming theâ—â— until they come to the consistence of a Syrup The Composition of Merurial Honey this being put amongst Glysters wâ— cleanse and purge and people put commonly about eight ounces of it at a time iâ— Glyster or more if they judge it proper there are Books stuffed with the Vertues this Mercurial Honey you may read if you please Renould Bauderon La Franâ—â— siere c. You are to observe That when you intend to purge a horse exactly with Glyster you must put no kind of fat into them because Oyls and Greases adhere to the Vâ—ves or Partitions of the Intestines and so hinder the effect of the purgatives therefore upon the contrary people rather add Common Salt Salt Gem Polychrest or waâ—â— Urine all which prick and irritate the expulsive faculty whence it is that thâ— Countrey Farriers make commonly their Glysters of the Water in which Cod-fish Herring have been steeped which costs but little and because of its saltness causeth horse to empty well To make a Glyster somewhat purgative a man may infuse 〈◊〉 night in a proper decoction an ounce of Sene or otherwayes one or two Colâ—â—yâ—â— Apples cut very small and next morning giving it all a little Boyl shall afterwards strain it to make a Glyster A Glyster to appease a great beating in the Flanks You are to take of the ordinary herbs for decoctions and to put among the◠〈◊〉 or two ounces of Polychrest in powder and in two English quarts of this decoction mix eight ounces of Violet-honey and two three
already said a day that fair and calm CHAP. LXX Precautions to be observen in blood-letting and if he be a young Horse that it be in the increase of the Mooâ—â—â— if old then after the Full and also take care that the Horse be tyed up early in 〈◊〉 morning to the Rack and that he neither get Water nor Combing for fear of too 〈◊〉 moving and agitating his Spirits then he is to draw with a pair of Fleems 〈◊〉 should be of a reasonable breadth for the Reason before given about three pounds blood and then to leave him tyed to the Rack for two hours After which he shal give him some scalded Bran or a Mash and seeing our Author hath not in any part of his Book given the least Directions to make one by Reason I judge that they are not much made use of in France Malt being but very scarce there because of the small quantity of Ale they drink yet since it is a mixture very good for Horses and much used in these Islands I have thought fit to set down in this place the true Method of making a good Mash as followeth Take four English Quarts or half a Peck of good well ground Malt How to make a Mash and put it into a Pailor wooden Vessel by it self then take a Gallon or four English Quarts of fair Water and set it on the fire and when it hath boiled a very little put as much of it into the Malt as will moisten it working and stirring them with a piece of flat wood after which pour in the rest of the Water and mix all very well together then cover up the Vessel closs with a double covering or some Cloaths and let it stand thus for two hours or till such time as you intend to give it to your Horse the Mash being thus made and your Horse ready to take it uncover the Vessel and with your hand stir all well together crushing and squeezing the Mai t as much as possible and when luke-warm give it the Horse to drink It must I say be little more as milk warm when he taketh it and if it should prove either too hot or too thick when you are to give it you may rectifie both by adding a little cold Water to it but be sure not so much as to make it either too cold which would turn it raw or too thin which would abate a great deal of its pleasant taste and strength You may also if you intend he should eat none of the Grain or Malt a little whereof can never do him prejudice squeeze the Liquor quite from it and so let him drink it throwing away the Malt or rather giving it to your Hogs or Cows This is the best Method I know to make a good Mash which in many cases is found to agree well with Horses especially such as are any-wise indisposed or sick and which was therefore the cause of my setting it down in this place our Author not having as I have said made the least mention of it to my knowledge in his whole Book The Germans cause gallop their Horses before blooding to the end say they that the bad blood which is as the Lee may be mixed with the good and so both drawn together but they are deceived in this because the blood is filled with Spirits which being agitate and stirred up with this kind of coursing doth immediatly evaporate in a great abundance with the most subtile part of the blood when ever the Vein is opened so that blooding after this manner is more prejudicial than profitable If those who thus cause their Horses gallop before blood-letting were perswaded of the Circulation of the Blood they would not be in so gross an Error as to believe that the Blood is with the same tranquillity in the Veins as Wine is in a Hogs-head whose Lee lyeth at bottom but would be convinced that the whole Mass of the Blood circulates as well the gross part as that which is more subtile seing then this is so there is no need of any violent agitation of it such as galloping to oblige it to come forth but rather upon the contrary the Horse should be kept calm and quiet for fear of evacuating and lossing too many of his Spirits as I have already explained Those who are very careful of their Horses cause them eat only Bran in place of Oats both the day before Blooding the day it self and the day thereafter and for these three days they should also let them rest or at least that day wherein they are bled and also give them only bran in it You are also in taking blood to regulate the quantity according as your Horse is a great feeder and as his Veins are full and stretched and accordingly as it issues forth with violence having still regard to the quality of the Disease his Strength Age and the Season It is a general Maxim that a man without very good and pressing Reasons she 〈◊〉 never make great evacuations by blood-letting because there is made by it a too 〈◊〉 dissipation of the Spirits whereby the Horse is weakned so that his Members 〈◊〉 so easily perform their functions as also there are thereby formed crudities iâ— Veins which are the Source and Origine of several Diseases CHAP. LXXI How to judge of the Quantity and Quality of Blood ALthough it is not the common Practice of Farriers to receive a Horse's 〈◊〉 into a Vessel when they open any of his Veins it is however very â—â—â—â—â—sary CHAP LXXI How to judge of the Quantity and Quality of Blood that so a man may first judge of the Quantity he takes from 〈◊〉 and afterwards of its Quality Therefore when a Man opens a Horse's Vein he should instead of letting 〈◊〉 Blood fall to the ground receive it into a convenient Vessel the contents whereof should have measured before hand to know how many pounds of Water it containâ— that so heÌ„ may proportionably draw as many pounds of Blood in the same Vessel 〈◊〉 example a Man knows how much space two English Quarts of Water take up in a Vessel the same space will be filled with four pounds of Blood for an English Quaâ—â— of Water weighs about two pound and Blood is near of equal weight with Water having drawn the quantity of Blood he designs to evacuate he shall let it fix and â—â—â—geal that he may the better judge of its quality now although Blood be somewhâ—â— lighter then Water yet the difference is so very inconsiderable that it is not 〈◊〉 noticeing You shall then when you blood a Horse observe if it run calmly and slowly 〈◊〉 without any impetuosity as also if it cleave to your fingers when you touch it 〈◊〉 cause if it do it is a sign that it is Viscuous and will be subject to occasion obstruâ—â—â—ons therefore in that case you are to Blood your Horse frequently for this kin◠〈◊〉 Blood is a sign of Repletion
Sect. 5. A simple Water for Gun-shot Wounds p. 176 Sect. 6. Another more compound ibid. Sect. 7. Another ibid. Sect. 8. A compound Wine for curing Wounds in a Horse ibid. CHAP. LXIII Sect. 1. Of Wounds or Hurts on the Pastern-Joint and other nervous and sinewy Parts p. 177 Sect. 2. An Anodyne Pultiss p. 178 CHAP. LXIV Sect. 1. To prevent the Madness occasion'd by the Biting of a mad Dog either in Men or any sort of Cattle p. 179 Sect. 2. An infallible Remedy for Madness occasion'd by Biting ibid. Sect. 3. Another easie Remedy p. 180 Sect. 4. Of the Biting of a venomous Beast p. 181 CHAP. LXV Sect. 1. Of Pursiveness or Shortness of Breath p. 181 Sect. 2. A Remedy for Pursiveness p. 183 Sect. 3. Another Remedy for Pursiveness p. 184 Sect. 4. Another Remedy for Pursiveness ibid. Sect. 5. The way of exhibiting Honey to Horses that are pursive or troubl'd with Disorder in the Flanks and other Distempers p. 185 Sect. 6. A Powder for Heat and Disturbance in the Flanks p. 186 Sect. 7. How to loosen a pursive Horse's Belly p. 187 Sect. 8. An excellent Powder for pursive Horses ibid. Sect. 9. Of the Cure of Pursiveness with Eggs. p. 189 Sect. 10. The Emetic or Angelic Powder for Pursiveness ibid. Sect. 11. The yellow Pills for short-winded Horses p. 190 Sect. 12. Tincture of Sulphur for short-winded Horses p. 191 CHAP. LXVI Sect. 1. Of the Cough p. 192 Sect. 2. A Powder for a Cough whether old or newly taken ibid. Sect. 3. An Electuary for a Cough caused by Preternatural Heat p. 195 Sect. 4. Other Powders for a Cough p. 196 Sect. 5. A Remedy for the Cough ibid. Sect. 6. Another Remedy ibid. Sect. 7. The English Pills for an old Cough p. 197 CHAP. LXVII Sect. 1. Of Chest-Foundering and Foundering accompany'd with a Fever p. 197 Sect. 2. A Clyster for Horses that are Chest-founder'd p. 198 l. 21 Sect. 3. A Decoction for Chest-Foundering ibid. l. 31 Sect. 4. A Remedy which purges and gives Ease to a Chest-founder'd Horse ibid. l. 57 Sect. 5. Another Decoction for Chest-Foundering p. 199 l. 10 Sect. 6. Remedies for Obstructions of the Lungs caus'd by Foundering ibid. Sect. 7. A Powder for Chest-Foundering p. 200 l. 1 Sect. 8. For a Chest-founder'd Horse that is very sick ibid. l. 10 Sect. 9. Another ibid. l. 18 Sect. 10. A Remedy for a founder'd Horse that is troubled with a Fever and very sick p. 200 Sect. 11. A Potion or Drink for a founder'd Horse that is very sick either with or without a Cough p. 201 Sect. 12. The Lieutenant's Decoction for a Horse that is founder'd and very sick ibid. Sect. 13. Crocus Metallorum p. 202 Sect. 14. Liver of Antimony ibid. CHAP. LXVIII Sect. 1. Of tyr'd Horses that pine away after hard Labour or Riding p. 204 Sect. 2. Of Sal Polychrest or fusible Sulphur p. 205 Sect. 3. A Fomentation for a lean and tyr'd Horse p. 207 Sect. 4. To loosen the Belly of a tyr'd Horse ibid. Sect. 5. A purging Remedy for a tyr'd Horse ibid. Sect. 6. The Golden Sulphur of Antimony p. 208 Sect. 7. Of a Horse tyr'd with hard Riding p. 209 Sect. 8. A purging and comforting Potion ibid. CHAP. LXIX The Method of Fattening Horses p. 209 CHAP. LXX Sect. 1. Of the Shrinking of the Sinews and Gauntness of the Belly occasion'd by Foundering of the Body and other Distempers p. 210 Sect. 2. An Anodyne Ointment ibid. CHAP. LXXI Sect. 1. Of the Anticor p. 212 Sect. 2. A comforting Potion for the Anticor p. 213 Sect. 3. Oil of Rue ibid. CHAP. LXXII Sect. 1. Of Palpitation of the Heart p. 214 Sect. 2. A Remedy for the Palpitation of the Heart ibid. Sect. 3. A Clyster for the Palpitation of the Heart p. 215 Sect. 4. A Clyster to dispel Wind. ibid. Sect. 5. A Clyster for the Palpitation of the Heart accompany'd with Heat ibid. Sect. 6. Another cooling Clyster p. 216 Sect. 7. A Cordial Potion for the Palpitation of the Heart ibid. CHAP. LXXIII Sect. 1. Of Fevers p. 216 Sect. 2. A simple Fever p. 217 Sect. 3. A putrid or humoral Fever ibid. Sect. 4. A pestilential Fever p. 217 Sect. 5. Of the Causes and Signs of a Fever p. 218 CHAP. LXXIV Sect. 1. Of the Cure of a simple Fever p. 219 Sect. 2. A Clyster ibid. CHAP. LXXV Sect. 1. Of the Cure of putrid Fevers p. 220 Sect. 2. A Febrifuge or Remedy to drive away Fevers ibid. Sect. 3. A Clyster for a Fever p. 221 Sect. 4. Another Clyster for Fevers ibid. CHAP. LXXVI Sect. 1. Of the Cure of a Pestilential Fever p. 221 Sect. 2. A Remedy p. 222 l. 3 Sect. 3. Of the Method to be observed after a Horse's Recovery from a Fever ibid. Sect. 4. A purging Remedy for a Horse after his Recovery from a Fever and generally in all other Cases p. 223 Sect. 5. An excellent Catholicum for Clysters p. 224 CHAP. LXXVII Sect 1. Of the Farcin p. 224 Sect. 2. The flying Farcy p. 226 Sect. 3. The corded Farcin ibid. Sect. 4. The Farcin resembling a Hen's Fundament p. 227 Sect. 5. The internal Farcin ibid. CHAP. LXXVIII Sect. 1. Remedies for the Farcin p. 227 Sect. 2. A Purge for the Farcin p. 228 Sect. 3. Pills for the Farcin p. 229 Sect. 4. A specifick Remedy for the Farcin ibid. Sect. 5. Another easie Method ibid. Sect. 6. To cure the Farcin by giving the Fire p. 230 Sect. 7. The Ointment of Portugal for Farcin Knots ibid. Sect. 8. A Cautery or Caustic p. 231 Sect. 9. Another ibid. Sect. 10. The Ointment of Naples which alone cures the Farcin ibid. Sect. 11. The Remedy of a German Farrier for the Farcin ibid. Sect. 12. An excellent Remedy for the Farcin p. 232 Sect. 13. Corrosive Sublimate p. 233 Sect. 14. Mercurius dulcis or sweet Sublimate ibid. CHAP. LXXIX Sect. 1. Remedies for the Farcin that resembles a Hen's Fundament p. 234 Sect. 2. Pills for the Farcin ibid. Sect. 3. The German Ptisan for the Cure of the Farcin p. 235 CHAP. LXXX Sect. 1. Of an inveterate Farcin p. 236 Sect. 2. The Decoction of Guaiacum ibid. Sect. 3. The Decoction of China ibid. Sect. 4. The Decoction of Sarsaparilla p. 237 CHAP. LXXXI Of the Farcin in the Head p. 237 CHAP. LXXXII Sect. 1. To dissolve and asswage all sorts of Swellings caus'd by the Farcin both in the Legs and other parts of the Body p. 238 Sect. 2. A resolving Ointment for Swellings occasion'd by the Farcin p. 239 l. 1. Sect. 3. A Receipt for the Farcin p. 240 Sect. 4. An easie Remedy for the Farcin ibid. CHAP. LXXXIII Sect. 1. Of the Ebullition of the Blood or Blood-running Itch. p. 241 Sect. 2. Chrystal Mineral or Sal Prunellae ibid. CHAP. LXXXIV Of the shedding of the Hair from the Head accompany'd with the Mange and of the Falling of the Hair from the rest of the Body especially about the Neck and hinder
malignant Vapours are sent up to the Brain These thin Steams alter the very Substance of the Brain by their Sharpness and being condens'd or thicken'd by the natural Coldness of that Part produce a Humour of the same Nature with Aqua fortis which by its Acrimony irritates the Parts and augments the Ulcer from whence proceeds that troublesome Flux of Humours thro' the Nostrils And whereas the two Jugular Veins furnish and communicate a great Quantity of Blood to the Brain the Substance of which is already alter'd by the malignant Vapours that glide thither perpetually thro' the Coeliac Vein as to the Head of an Alembic the Blood instead of being further purify'd according to the establish'd Order of Nature is corrupted and from thence falling upon the Lungs heats 'em and being render'd incapable of performing its appointed Task to nourish and refresh that Part serves only to augment the Ulcers that are already form'd in it The remote or outward Causes are almost the same with those of the Cold. The Signs by which this Disease may be known are when a Horse already too old to be troubl'd with the Strangles without a Cough voids a great quantity of Matter by the Nostrils and when there are one or more Glands or Kernels fasten'd to the Bone between the two Jaw-bones which are so tender that the Horse can hardly endure you to touch 'em and tho' they be not fasten'd to the Bone yet if they be hard and full of Pain 't is almost always a Sign of the Glanders If the Horse void Matter by the Nose without a Cough and have a Kernel sticking to the Bone you may conclude that his Distemper is not a Cold which is usually accompany'd with a Cough whereas the Glanders are often without that Symptom and besides in the Glanders the Matter usually flows out of one Nostril whereas in the Cold it runs almost always out of both Some cast the Matter that is voided by the Nostrils into Water and if it swim on the Top they conclude the Horse to be free of this Distemper but if it sink to the Bottom 't is a Sign of the Glanders The principal Use of this Experiment is to distinguish the Pus which is properly the Matter of an Ulcer or Imposthume from the Phlegm that comes out of the Vessels which is not so pernicious for the Matter sinks to the Bottom and the Phlegm swims on the Top. But you must not depend on the Certainty of this Sign for if the Matter sâ—ick to the Nostrils like Glue 't is a bad Sign and you may conclude the Disease to be the Glanders tho' the Matter swim on the Top. When either the Breath or Matter that comes out of the Nostrils stinks the Disease is almost always incurable for that noisome Smell proceeds from some Ulcer or corrupt Humour which at least presages the Length and Tediousness of the Cure When in the progress of the Distemper the Humour voided by the Nostrils turns to a frothy Substance and continues to be so the Disease is usually incurable and the Horse dies quickly after I have seen some Horses troubl'd with this Distemper without Kernels or if there were any they were little and moveable and the only Sign by which we could discover it to be the Glanders was the Glewiness of the Matter which stuck to the Nostrils it flow'd not out but obstructing the Passages stopp'd the Horse's Breath but the Passages being clear'd by the help of a Syringe he found Ease and even the Matter was mixt with bloody Fibres which shew'd that it proceeded from some Ulcer that render'd the Disease incurable for not one of the Horses escap'd tho' no Means were neglected to preserve ' em Some pretend that the Seat of this Disease is in the Brain but 't is certainly in the Lungs rarely in the Liver Kidneys or Milt and never in the Brain This I affirm on certain Knowledge and the Account I have given of it is grounded on a Principle which nothing less than a plain Demonstration of its Falseness and Absurdity shall make me renounce This is the most contagious Distemper to which Horses are obnoxious for not only it communicates its Venom at a small distance but infects the very Air and seizes on all the Horses that are under the same Roof with him that languishes under it And therefore assoon as you perceive the least Sign of the Glanders you must separate the the sick Horse from all his Companions and not suffer him to drink out of the same Pail with 'em especially when the Disease is malignant for there are several kinds of Glanders some of which are not so extremely infectious as others but there are none of 'em that ought not to be suspected I 'm perswaded that this Distemper proceeds from a cold Cause and I do not at all doubt of the extream difficulty of the Cure All its various kinds are only distinguish'd by a greater or less degree of Malignity and it will be found that all those who pretend to have cur'd the Glanders have only cur'd either the Strangles Cold or some less malignant sort of Glanders for certainly these Cures are very rare and perhaps I might justly say impossible This Disease is caus'd and fomented by an Ulcer in the Lungs rarely in any other part which encreases and by degrees consumes the whole Lobes of the Lungs and at last kills the Horse If you do not begin while 't is still possible to enable nature to consolidate the Lungs and heal the malignant Ulcer you can never perfect the Cure You may conclude the Disease to be incurable when 't is seated in the Spleen because that Part will hardly yield to the Virtue of Medicines To begin the Cure you may by way of Precaution take up the two Veins in the Neck two Fingers breadth beneath the Place where the Horse is usually let Blood the Operation is perform'd thus First Make an Incision and lay the Vein bare then separate it with a Cronet and tye it with a double Thread of wax'd Silk without cutting the Vein lest the Ends of it should slip out of the Knot when the Horse eats and stirs his Jaws with which one of the Branches of that Vein communicates then fill the Wound with Salt and do the same on the other side of the Neck This Operation is also very useful for the Eyes that are either weak or troubl'd with Defluxions for these Veins being taken up the impetuous Course of the Blood to the Brain will be stopp'd and in the present Case since the Brain receives a less quantity of Blood the quantity of the sharp Humour that falls upon the Lungs will be also diminish'd and the Ulcer sooner healâ—d or at the least 't is certain that if the taking up of a Vein does not promote the Cure it cannot hinder it I adâ—is'd you not to cut the Vein between the two Knots because I have seen Horses kill'd by so
of this Liquor into his Nostrils five or six times every day These Injections will cure the little Ulcers in his Nostrils that are caus'd by the sharpness and malignity of the Matter and facilitate the descent of the Humour which is apt to stick and grow dry in the Passages and stop the Horse's Breath and therefore you must Syringe his Nostrils both before and after you give him a Medicine to expel the Matter Afterwards take four Spoonfuls of strong Vinegar and as much good Aqua Vitae dissolve in 'em a Dram of Treacle above two Years Old and add a Scruple of White-Hellebor in Powder and two grains of Powder of Long Pepper Mix 'em all together and inject the mixture into the Horse's Nose one half into each Nostril then walk him in his Cloaths at a foot-pace for the space of an hour suffering him to snuff the Ground with his Nose and he will infallibly cast forth abundance of Matter Nor must you be surpriz'd if he lose his Appetite for he will quickly recover it If any noble part be affected he will die in a little time but if he live beyond that time there is some hope of his Recovery Let him stand Bridl'd four hours before you give him this Remedy and two hours after and besides you must walk him abroad Morning and Evening for the space of an hour But tho the Horse have strength to undergo this Evacuation and tho' none of his noble Parts be consum'd I cannot positively assure you that he will be cur'd of the Glanders if there be a great Ulcer only he will not die so quickly Eight days after if the Running at the Nose still continue repeat the use of the above-mention'd Remedy and endeavour to ripen the Kernel or Gland by applying Retoires or Medicines to break the Skin and convenient Plaisters or Fultisses such as the Ointment in the Thirteenth Chapter or take it off with an actual or potential Câ—â—tery The actual Cautery is a red hot Iron which must be apply'd to the Kernel and the potential Cautery is that which is commonly callâ—d a Caustic Stone which insensibly burns the part and makes a Scab fall off Instead of the potential Cautery you may open the Kernel to the middle with a Lance and after it has done Bleeding thrust the quantity of a Bean of Arsenic wrap'd in a piece of Paper to the bottom of the Hole which must be stop'd with Cotton About the fifth or sixth day the Matter will begin to come out and after the ninth or tenth a Scab will fall off resembling the Kernel of a Nut. If there remain any Impurity or foul Flesh keep the hole open as long as you can with the Ointment Algyptiacum mix'd with red Frâ—â—cipitate If with all these Remedies you cannot ripen the Kernel you must endeavour to dissolve it by applying powerful Resolvents such as Vinegar strong Lyes Ashes of Vineâ—â—igs Allum Nitre Oil of Peter Euphorbium and other Medicines that have an attenuating Faculty and are endu'd with a vertue to make the Matter thin volatil and easie to be dissipated The Ointment Dialthaeâ—e the Resumptive Ointment and Melilot Plaister are good to soâ—â—en and resolve And you may make a Pultiss of the Roots of Briony and Flower-de-luce Honey and the Dregs of Linseed Oyl I have propos'd all these Resolving Medicines for the satisfaction and instruction of the Curious but if the Kernel be very hard and fasten'd to the Jaw-bone it will hardly yield to these Remedies For besides the inconveniency of the part for the application of Medicines they are not always attended with the expected Success The best way then in my Opinion is to soften the Kernel and to apply either a red-hot Iron or potential Cautery made of Arsenic Sublimate or some other Caustic Tho' the usual softening Remedies are not very efrectual yet there are some more proper in this case than others and you may confidently use that which follows for in the beginning it may resolve the Kernel before it grow to an extream hardness I have try'd it and found it effectual CHAP. XX. How to resolve a Gland or Kernel TAke half a Pound of Lin-seed reduc'd to fine Flower mix it with a Quart of strong Vinegar and boil it over a little but very clear Fire stirring it constantly When it begins to grow thick add six Ounces of Oil of Lillies mingle 'em thorowly and apply the Mixture hot to the Kernel and cover it with a Lamb's-Skin as in the cure of the Strangles Renew the same Pultiss every day and after two or three Applications you will perceive that the Kernel is dissolv'd The same Remedy is proper for the Strangles whether true or false and 't is an ill sign when it does not succeed in the Glanders When you undertake the Cure of a Horse that is seiz'd with the Glanders the Remedies here prescrib'd together with such as are given inwardly ought either to resolve part of the Kernel or bring it to Suppuration and then you may conclude that the Remedy works well and assaults the cause of the Disease since the Gland is lessen'd and becomes more moveable and whereas it was hard and large before is now either little soft or loose for 't is a very good sign when the Remedies that are usâ—d produce any one of these Effects But you must not flatter your self with hopes of Success tho' as it happens not unfrequently the Kernel should be considerably diminish'd during the Wane of the Moon and even without the application of any Remedies for in the next Encrease of the Moon it will grow as bad as ever and even sometimes harder and more fix'd than it was before And therefore when you see it decrease in the Wane of the Moon you must let the next New-Moon be past before you adventure to give any hope of a Cure The cure of this Disease is usually begun where it ought to be ended for as soon as a Horse is seiz'd with it the first thing his Master desires and the Farrier proposes to be done in order to the Cure is to take off the Kernel but they ought to consider that the Kernel is the Effect not the Cause of the Glanders and that the removal of that can never restore the Horse to his wonted Health And Experience as well as Reason has couvinc'd me of the preposterousness of this Method for I caus'd the Kernel to be thrice cut out of the same Horse and after all could not perfect the Cure tho' I gave him several good Remedies besides But when 't is convenient to take out the Kernel you must observe the following Directions In the first place you must cast the Horse and having open'd the Skin that covers the Kernel tye two threads to it to keep the Wounds open during the Operation Then without any Instrument take hold of the Kernel with your Thumb and separate it from the Bone for the cutting of any of the Veins that
will be red and yellowish which is a certain sign of the redundancy of Choler The inside of his Lips is yellow and his Eyes are infected with the same Colour 'T is call'd Gelbesucht or the yellow Disease by the Germans who are better acquainted with it than we and have invented a Remedy for it which a Farrier of that Nation sold for a great Summ of Money to a Frenchman who communicated it to me and I found it by experience to be very effectual for when I try'd it this was the only Disease of the Head that was known But since that time the Distemper has chang'd its Nature and the alteration of the Cause oblig'd us to search for new Remedies tho' to little purpose When a Horse is seiz'd with this Distemper he eats faintly hangs his Head and Ears his Eye is languid his Nostrils open and he is apt to stumble If these Signs do not appear the following Remedy will produce no effect for all Diseases of the Head proceed not from the same Cause and you will never be able by this Method to remove a Distemper that is not caus'd by the Overflowing of Choler The Diseases that were known by this Name in the Year 166â— and 1661. and those of 1669 1670. and the succeeding Years were not produc'd by the above-mention'd Cause and therefore could not be cur'd by the German Remedy nor could we find any other successful Medicine for more Horses died than were cur'd of those Diseases Nevertheless I have lately administer'd a Remedy in Thea with excellent Success by the use of which several Horses have been cur'd of those late contagious Distempers that were commonly call'd Diseases of the Head The Remedy for the overflowing of the Bile is as follows Take four Quarts of Spring or River Water and make a Lye with about half a Bushel of Ashes of Vine-Twigs by pouring the boiling Water four several times upon the Ashes then add a pound of good Oil Olive and a quarter of a Pound of Bay-berries in Powder Let the Horse be kept all Night Bridl'd in the Morning let him Blood plentifully in the Flank and two hours after give him two Glasses of the Remedy at the Nostrils let the Bridle remain on his Head two hours longer then unbridle him and give him some White-Water to drink and either moisten'd Bran Hay or Bread to eat after he has fed a quarter of an Hour Bridle him again and let him stand two hours after which give him a Glass of the Remedy at each Nostril two hours after unbridle him and suffer him to eat and drink a quarter of an Hour as before Continue after the same manner to give him two Glasses of the Medicine every four hours unbridling him a quarter of an Hour between every two Doses till you have us'd the whole Composition This Remedy makes the Horse cast forth Water and Snot at the Nose but it only appeases or quels the Distemper without removing the Cause For the Fix'd Salt of the Ashes being communicated to the Lye destroys the Acid that occasion'd these Disorders and produc'd the Heat with which this Disease is accompani'd and besides the Oil contributes very much to qualifie the Distemper as you may easily perceive in the making of Soap Afterwards leave the Horse in a dark place with good Litter and free from the noise of Men or Horses that he may Sleep for in this case Rest is the Sovereign Remedy As soon as you perceive that he has perfectly recover'd his Appetite walk him gently in the cool of the day about a quarter of an Hour for seven or eight days together and then purge him with the Medicine describ'd in the Twenty Sixth Chapter CHAP. XXV Another Remedy for Diseases in the Head THE Distempers that are at present known by that Name are not caus'd by the overflowing of Choler but tho' there is but little hope of Cure we ought not wholly to abandon the sick Horses For 't is some satisfaction to endeavour to give 'em ease tho' they are seldom fit for Service afterward As soon as you suspect the Horse to be seiz'd with this Distemper give him a Dose of the Lieutenant's-Powder or of the Cerdial Pills which have a vertue to resist the Poyson that Suffocates 'em and not unfrequently Cures 'em perfectly in a little time And those who are cur'd by this Method are as fit for Service as formerly And even by way of prevention you ought to give the same Powder or Balls to all your Horses and repeat 'em after three days for they who have taken these Remedies will certainly escape falling into this Disease Besides you must perfume the whole Stable and change the Pails Shovels Forks Curry-Combs and all the Furniture of the Stable But if the Horse has been sick for some time it will be convenient to try other Remedies for the Powder is only proper in the beginning and has no effect after the Disease has lasted four and twenty Hours Take the bigness of the Tag of a Point of good black Hellebore open the Skin on the Horse's Breast and put the piece of Hellebore between the Skin and the Flesh so that it may not fall out It will make the part swell as big as your Hat and draw the Fluxion thither by which means the Humour may be diverted which is carry'd from the Heart to the Brain A Remedy for the Disease of the Head call'd The Fiery-Evil As soon as your Horse begins to refuse his Oats let him Blood in the Temple-Veins and afterwards prepare the following Remedy Take of the Herb call'd Devil's-Bit and Fumitory of each one Handful Cummin-seed one Ounce Assa-faetida half an Ounce Strong Beer or White-Wine a Quart put 'em into a Pot cover'd close with a Hog's-Bladder and Paper and the Lid of the Pot over all Fit the Pot to the Balneum Mariae that is place it in a Kettle with a Straw-Rope between the bottom of the Pot and the Kettle then pour Water into the Kettle till it rise within an Inch of the top of the Pot and make the Water boil an hour over a strong Fire after which take out the Pot and when 't is somewhat cold uncover it strain out the Liquor and make the Horse drink it Blood-warm two or three hours after his Bleeding then let him stand four hours Bridl'd and at Night give him a Clyster with Sal Polycrest Next Morning Bridle your Horse and pour a Quart of strong Beer or White-Wine upon the gross substance that remain'd in the the Pot cover it as before and set it over a gentle Fire augmenting the Fire by degrees till it begin to boil Keep it boiling an hour over a naked Fire and not in a Kettle as before After 't is half cold press out the Liquor as hard as you can and throwing away the thick substance give the Liquor to the Horse to drink keeping him Bridl'd four hours after Then give him moisten'd Bran and
Intermissions of his Fever you may take the Advantage of one of those Intervals to prepare and exhibit the following Liquor Mix a Pound of fine Barley-Flower with a sufficient quanityt of Water as if you design'd to make Gruel boil it till it begin to thicken then add the quantity of an Egg of Sugar and while 't is moderately warm inject it into the Horse's Nose one half into each Nostril Since the Passages of the Nose end in the Mouth you will perhaps be surpriz'd that I do not prescribe this Nourishment to be given to the Horse in the Beginning of the the Disease when he stands so much in need of it as not being able to take any Food at the Mouth but I consider that every thing that a Horse takes by the Nose does extremely fatigue and torment him and therefore even the most cooling sorts of Nourishment such as Barley given after that manner might increase his Fever if he has any or throw him into a Fever tho' he were free of it before For tho' this Fever be only accidental and not much to be dreaded 't is nevertheless impossible to give any Nourishment by the Nose without manifest hazard and therefore I think we ought not to have recourse to that Method till the Horse be in danger of starving in which case 't is better to make an Attempt to save his Life tho' with some hazard than to suffer him to die of Hunger CHAP. XXXVIII Of the Vives 'T IS certainly a manifest Impropriety of Speech to say that the Horse has always the Vives because he always has those Parts where that Distemper is seated and shews it self when he is actually troubl'd with it These are certain Glands or Kernels near the Neck which being of a soft and spongy Substance and held to be the Drainers or Emunctories of the neighbouring Parts are subject to Inflammation which causes a Swelling that obstructs the Throat and stops the Wind so that if the Horse be not speedily assisted he is in danger of being choak'd The Pain and Uneasiness occasion'd by the stoppage of his Wind makes him lie down frequently and immediately start up again tumble struggle and toss his Body after a strange manner thinking by these various Motions to get rid of the Pain that torments and stifles him This Distemper may be very fitly compar'd to that which is call'd the Quinzie in Men. 'T is thought that the Vives are always accompany'd with the Colic because the same Symptoms appear in both The most usual Cause of this Disease is a sudden Change from one Extremity to another especially from a violent Heat to a sharp Cold as when a Horse is suffer'd to drink immediately after hard Riding or any vehement Exercise for by this means the Humours are melted and falling too plentifully on the Kernels swell 'em and occasion all the above-mention'd Disorders The Vives are also caus'd by over-working or riding a Horse beyond his Strength and out of Wind or by neglecting to cover and walk him after violent Exercise and a Horse may bring 'em upon himself by eating too large a Quantity of Oats Barley Wheat or Rye besides which they may proceed from several other Causes which are almost always owing to the Indiscretion either of the Rider or Groom Of Remedies for the Vives Bend the Horse's Ear downwards towards his Throat near the Cheek-bone and mark the place where it touches the Skin for that is the Part where the Inflammation is seated that causes the Swelling and if the Hair can be easily separated from the Skin by plucking it off with your hand 't is a Sign of Ripeness and that 't is time to resolve or at least to give vent to the Matter contain'd in the Swelling Then take hold of the Kernel which you will find in that Part with a Pair of Pincers or Plyers and beat the Swelling gently with the Handle of a Shooing-Hammer till you judge it to be sufficiently rotten or bruise the Kernels or Tumours with your hand till the Vives be rotted and soften'd making the flatuous or windy Spirits break thro' the Skin by way of insensible Transpiration after which the Swelling will certainly be resolv'd and disappear This is the easiest and surest Method 'T is the general Custom of Farriers to open the Vives with a Lance making an Incision upon the Kernel or Swelling out of which they take a certain Substance like the Fat of Beef but harder and afterwards stop the Hole with Salt Others pinch forth the Vives out of the Inside of the Ear pretending that the same Matter that is included in the Kernels which are the Seat of the Vives is also contain'd in that part of the Ear but this is a ridiculous Fancy 'T is better in my Opinion to rot the Vives than to open 'em because the last of these Methods renders the Horses more obnoxious to this Distemper Farriers think 't is the safest way to open 'em but I chuse rather to corrupt 'em unless the Swelling be so great that the Horse is in danger of being stifl'd in which case you must open 'em without delay to give Ease to the Horse After you have rotted or in Cases of Necessity open'd the Vives bleed the Horse under the Tongue wash his Mouth with Salt and Vinegar blow some of the Vinegar into his Ears rubbing and squeezing 'em hard to make it penetrate for it powerfully asswages the Pain that is communicated to the Jaws by reason of their Nearness to the Seat of the Vives Then take Hemp-seed beaten two handfuls two Nutmegs grated and six Yolks of Eggs mix 'em with a Quart of Wine and make the Horse drink it walking him gently half an hour after Sometimes the Distemper will not yield to this Remedy in which Case you must give the Horse a good Clyster with Sal Polychrest and repeat the Remedy of Hemp-seed c. Besides you must not grow weary of walking him abroad for Exercise rouzes the Natural Heat and puts it in a Condition to resist its Enemy This I recommend as a very good and sure Remedy and besides 't is cheap and easily prepar'd I can assure you from my own Observation that 't is a most present Remedy to thrust a Bodkin or Shooe-Maker's Awl quite thro' the Horse's Nostrils two or three fingers breadth above their Opening There will run out as much Blood on each side as would fill the Shell of an Egg and then it will stop of it self At the same time that you bleed him under the Tongue you must also let him blood very plentifully in the Flanks then cause him to be rak'd thus Chuse a Boy or any Servant that has a little Hand which you must make him besmear with Oil or Butter and stretching it out at full length with the Fingers join'd close together thrust his Arm up to the Elbow into the Horse's Fundament and draw out his handful of Dung But since a heedless and unskilful
accompany'd with a sort of Scab which is bigger or less according to the various degrees of the Malady The Selenders breed on the bending of the Hough they proceed from the same Causes that breed the Malenders and are known by the same signs but they happen not so frequently and are consequently more dangerous as denoting that there is a great quantity of Humours in the Hough which continually discharge upon the Leg those malignant Waters that at last rot and corrupt it We must not attempt a compleat Cure of either of these Sores but only endeavour to allay the Humour and qualifie its sharpness by the use of Alkali's which blunt and deaden the too sharp Acid for they who absolutely dry up the Sore may be justly compar'd to those who shut the door of the Sheep-coat to keep the Wolf in And therefore you must content your self with keeping the part very clean that is you must wash and scour off the filth and corruption that sticks on the Hair or Skin with Black-Soap which is an Alkali and rub the Malenders with it then wash the part with Urine or a good Lye or rub the Chink with Butter fry'd till it grow black The surest way to cure either Malenders or Selenders is to mix equal quantities of Linseed-Oil and Aqua-Vitae stirring and shaking 'em till the mixture grow white and to anoint the Sores with it once a day This will dry a little and allay the sharpness of the Humours so that the Malender will neither cause a Swelling nor Pain The same is an excellent Remedy for Coach-Horses when they begin to be troubl'd with Red-Waters Chinks and Mules accompany'd with Heat and Swelling Sometimes the Selenders cause a Swelling which grows hard and hinders the motion of the Hough and since the situation of the Part is very inconvenient for the Application of Remedies you must proceed to the give the Fire as I once saw done with very good Success to a Spanish Horse who was cur'd without the least ill consequence Anoint the Malenders with Oil of Nuts mixt and shaken with Water after you have rub'd 'em with Black-Soap The Ointment for the Feet describ'd in the Eighty Fifth Chapter is also very proper in this Case Album Rasis dries a Malender when it grows too big and asswages the Inflammation The Ointment of Roses is also an excellent allayer of Sharpness if it be faithfully Prepar'd for that which is commonly Sold as I intimated before is not made of Roses but consists only of Hog's-grease melted with a little White-Wax to give it a Body These Impostors stir it while 't is hot with a Root of Alkanet to dye it red and wash it afterwards in Rose-Water to make it smell of Roses Meer Tallow is not at all inferiour to this pretended Ointment with which so many People are cheated CHAP. LXIX Of Splents YOu will find a large Account of these Excrescences in the Second Part and therefore I shall content my self at present with giving this short Account of a Splent that it is a Callous hard and insensible Swelling which breeds on the Shank-Bone and spoils the shape of the Leg when it grows big The Splent is usually occasion'd by a Blow or other Hurt on the Shank-Bone which offends the Periosteum or Skin that surrounds the Bone for the Humour gathering by degrees on that part forms a Tumor or Excrescency A Horse may be also troubl'd with this Infirmity if he be over-ridden or hard wrought when he is too Young before his Legs be strong enough and his Bones of a sufficient solidity and firmness to bear the Fatigues of Travelling For by straining of that part 't is render'd subject to Defluxions or the falling down of Molten Grease and if the Humour slip between the Bone and its Membrane it breeds a hard Lump that by degrees encreases and draws its Nourishment from the Bone which I have seen full of Holes like a Sieve in that part To protect the weakest part of the Bone against the Humour Nature fences it with a Callus which we call a Splent and if the Excrescency be augmented by Travelling and ascend to the Knee it makes the Horse Halt and is more difficult to Cure than the other kind I advise those who undertake the Cure of a Splent never to consume it with violent Caustics which often scale the Bone and dry up the Sinew 'T is true these Medicines take away the Splent but they weaken the Leg so extreamly that it were better to let the Swelling remain If the Horse be old you will find the Cure very difficult and the Splent can hardly be remov'd whereas it may be easily taken away from a young Horse and in the general 't is certain that a large Splent may be sooner remov'd and with less trouble when the Horse that bears it is young than a small Excrescency in the Leg of an old Horse You shall hardly meet with one that pretends to understand Horses who will not acquaint you that he is Master of an infallible Receipt for the Farcin and another for Splents tho' upon trial you will find his performance come far short of his Promises When the Splent is an effect of the deprav'd Shape of the Shank-Bone 't is to be esteem'd a Blemish or Deformity rather than a Disease For 't is the same with that which Physicians call Apophysis and does not admit of a Cure A Remedy for the Splent Shave away the Hair and beat or rub the Swelling with the handle of a Shooing-Hammer till it be soften'd then burn three or four Hazel-sticks while the Sap is in 'em and chafe the Splent with the Juice or Water that sweats out of both ends applying it as hot as you can without burning the Part after which rub or bruise the Swelling with one of the Sticks and continue frequently to throw the hot Juice upon the Part but not so hot as to burn it rubbing it still till it grow soft Then dip a Linnen-Cloth five or six times doubl'd in the Hazel-Juice as hot as you can endure it upon your Hand and tye it on the Splent suffering it to remain four and twenty Hours In the mean time keep your Horse in the Stable without permitting him to be led or rid to Water during the space of nine Days at the end of which the Splent will be dissolv'd and the Hair will come again some time after If the Hazel be not in its full Sap it will not operate so effectually nevertheless it may be us'd but the part must be rub'd and bruis'd more strongly If the Splent be not quite taken away but only lessen'd repeat the operation a Month after Another Remedy Shave the Hair knock rub and soften the Splent as before then take a piece of the Skin of Bacon not very fat and lay it on the part with the fat side outwards Afterwards apply a flat Cautery or red-hot Iron of the bigness of a Shilling holding it
a Horse in a Moment and finds so little Resistance that it comes very speedily to a Period It proceeds either from the Biting or Stinging of a venomous Creature from the Eating of poisonous Food or from the Infection of the Air which is sometimes so Violent and Contagious that it kills all the Horses in a Stable CHAP. CXXXV Of the Causes and Signs of a Fever FEvers are usually occasion'd by all those things that promote the Ebullition and Fermentation of the Humours and particularly every thing that heats the Body as violent Exercise and the use of hot Aliments especially in Summer to which we may add whatever is apt to breed Fulness or Repletion in the Body which oppresses Nature and renders her unable to subdue those rebellious Humours that stagnate in the Vessels where they are putrefy'd and fermented Sometimes a Fever proceeds from Obstructions in the excretory Passages especially those in the habit of the Body which are very numerous or by a stoppage of the free and natural Motion of the Blood that performs so many Rounds every Day passing from the Heart thro' the Arteries to the Veins and from thence returning to the Heart Thus if a Horse that is heated by hard Riding or any violent Exercise be suddenly expos'd to the cold Air or drink very cold Water the least tendency to a Fever will discover it self and actually break forth into a Distemper which perhaps lurk'd in his Body before And to conclude the least Disturbance in the natural Disposition of the Body is apt on some Occasions to produce a Fever The Signs of a Fever are these A violent Beating in the Flanks Heat of the Mouth Tongue and all the rest of the Body Swelling of the Veins and Beating of the Heart against the Sides The sick Horse breathes thick and with Difficulty reels frequently as he goes seldom lies down and when he is laid starts up suddenly because the Difficulty of Breathing is increas'd by that Posture forsakes his Meat entirely or eats only by Starts takes no notice of those who come near him nor turns his Head tho' you make a noise behind him Takes no care of himself and at last remains immoveable as if he were perfectly stupid and depriv'd of all his Senses His Lips and Ears hang down his Eyes seem sad and shining a sharp and piercing Heat is spread over all his Body and all the Symptoms of a violent Oppression of Nature appear I shall proceed to lay down some general Rules to be observ'd in the Cure of all Sorts of Fevers And first You must keep your Horse to a very spare Diet for if the Fever continue three Days without Intermission you may conclude that he is in extreme Danger and therefore he may well fast or at least be contented with a very small Quantity of Nourishment in so short a time and Hippocrates tells us in his Aphorisms That when a Disease is at the Height 't is absolutely necessary to observe a very thin Diet. Thus you may easily perceive the dangerous Errour of those who if a Horse be troubl'd with a Fever and fast twenty four Hours immediately give him Milk and Yolks of Eggs which is a very unwholsome kind of Nourishment in this Case and encreases the Distemper Besides it must be given with a Horn and the Violence of that Method of Feeding him augments the Difficulty of Breathing and disturbs him when he stands most in need of Rest You must therefore content your self with endeavouring to make him eat something of his own Accord for a small quantity of Nourishment given after this Manner will produce a better Effect than all that you can pour into his Mouth with a Horn. 'T is a Rule of great Importance in the Cure of Fevers never to exhibit a purging Medicine for in so great a Confusion of the Humors it 's impossible for Nature to evacuate those that offend her till she has separated 'em from the rest of the Mass and 't is plain that the Execution of so laborious a Work requires a considerable space of Time And besides the Operation of a purgative Medicine heats the Body and causes a Pain in the Guts which may not improbably breed an Inflammation 'T is also convenient to keep the sick Horse always bridl'd unless for so long time as must be necessarily allow'd him for Eating Of the Cure of a simple Fever If your Horse be troubl'd with a simple Fever you have no reason to dread the Event since the Cure may be easily and almost infallibly perform'd by a careful Observance of the following Method Assoon as you perceive any Signs of a Fever open the Neck-Vein on the right Side and take out about three Pounds of Blood The same Day give him the following Clyster A Clyster Boil two Ounces of Sal Polychrest and two Handfuls of whole Barley in three Quarts of Water and after one Waum add Blites Mercury Leaves of Violets and Pellitory of the Wall of each three Handfuls boil for the space of half a quarter of an Hour then remove the Decoction from the Fire and after 't is half cold strain out the Liquor and adding three Ounces of the Lenitive Electuary with a quarter of a Pound of Oil of Roses make a Clyster to be injected luke-warm An Hour after he has voided the Clyster tye a Chewing-Ball to his Bit and give him two Ounces of Powder of Liver of Antimony in a Quart of Beer or a Ptisan which may expel the Humours by Urine without heating the Body The next Day after rubb his whole Body with a Wisp of Straw or Hay to open the Pores of the Skin that the Steams or Excrements of the third Concoction may exhale which if they were suffer'd to remain in the Body wou'd oppress the Blood that stands in need of a free and unobstructed Motion His ordinary Drink may be thus prepar'd Melt four Ounces of Sal Prunellae in a sufficient quantity of Water and after 't is cold mix it with a little Flower and let your Horse drink as much as he pleases for this Drink allays the Heat of the Entrails resists Corruption and opens the Passages Besides it stops that Ebullition or Fermentation which is the usual Cause of all Fevers and evacuates the Humours by Urine which is the right Passage thro' which they shou'd be expell'd As for his Food you must give him Leaves of Succory Lettuce Dandelion or of Vines but little or no Hay and less Oats for either of these are apt to heat the Body constipate the Belly and harden the Excrements If you consider the short continuance of the Disease you will not be troubl'd at the small quantity of Nourishment that your Horse is allow'd to take If it last above three Days take Assa-faetida and Savin grossly beaten of each half an Ounce Sugar and Raspings of Liquorice of each an Ounce Tie 'em to the Bit in a Linnen Bag and make him champ upon it
this Distemper for the Farcin and put themselves to needless Trouble and Charge for the Cure of it 'T is occasion'd by a Redundancy of Blood over-heated by several Accidents and other Causes already mention'd For the thinnest and most subtil part of the Blood penetrating the Substance of the Flesh causes external Tumours resembling the Farcin And long Rest and want of Exercise are usually the occasional Causes of this Distemper by hindering the Dissipation of superfluous Humours You may easily cure this Distemper by Bleeding your Horse plentifully once or twice in the Neck-Veins These Tumours are distinguish'd from the Farcin both by the suddenness of their Appearance and of the Cure for sometimes they overspread the Body in one Night And besides they are neither hard nor fasten'd to the Flesh These Swellings are oftentimes repell'd and driven inwards by unseasonable Bleeding and the Horse is seiz'd with a Fever in which Case you must immediately give him a Clyster and an Hour after an Ounce or two of Treacle or Diatessaron in Wine which by driving out the Humour will give Ease to the Horse and at last cure him Some Horses are troubl'd from time to time with little Knots or Bunches in several parts of their Body occasion'd by the Boiling or rather excessive Heat of their Blood for the most subtle and choleric Particles being driven outwards to the external Parts of the Body form these little Tumours part of which break and disappear and the rest are dissolv'd by insensible Transpiration The general and most effectual way to cure all these Ebullitions is to mix with your Horse's Bread those Remedies that are endu'd with a Virtue to cool and purifie the Blood Thus Liver of Antimony given to the quantity of an Ounce and a half every Day will safely and quickly dissolve all those Knots and sweeten your Horse's Blood Three or four Doses of the Cinnabar-Pills are also very effectual in this Case You may prevent this Distemper by giving your Horse Sal Prunellae in his Bran which will expel those Bilious Serosities that usually cause these Symptoms and perhaps drive 'em out by the Urinary Passages The same Remedy allays the Heat of the Blood and Intrails and prevents the Farcin and other Distempers occasion'd by the Heat of the Blood For the Satisfaction of the Curious I shall insert the Preparation of Sal Prunellae which is a very useful Medicine both for Men and Horses CHAP. CL. Crystal Mineral or Sal Prunellae THis is only Nitre or Salt-Petre fix'd with Sulphur to prevent its Solution Take Salt-Petre of the fourth Solution melt it in a Crucible or Iron Pot and when you perceive that 't is entirely reduc'd to a liquid Form throw a little Brimstone upon it Assoon as the Flame ceases cast some more Brimstone into the Crucible continuing after the same manner till you have thrown in an Ounce of Flower of Brimstone for every Pound of Salt-Petre which must be kept in Fusion during the whole Operation Then take out the Salt-Petre with an Iron Spoon and put it into a little Copper Bason which being plac'd in a Pailful of cold Water the Mineral will congeal at the Bottom and appear as white as Snow An Iron Pot is more fit for this Operation than Crucibles which are usually pierc'd and crack'd with the Salt-Petre unless you can procure a good German Crucible For the better understanding of a Passage in the Beginning of the preceding Description it will not be amiss to acquaint the Reader that Salt-Petre is found congeal'd into Chrystals in the Water which is pour'd for that purpose on Lime and Plaister taken from the Ruines of old Buildings and mixt with Ashes This Water is afterwards boil'd till a Scum appear on the Top and then set in a cold place in Woodden Vessels where Chrystals of a long Figure and rusty Colour are form'd which is Salt-Petre of the first Solution Then dissolve these Chrystals in clean Water strain it thro' a Woollen Cloth boil it as before and when 't is cold the Salt-Petre of the second Solution will appear in Chrystals which are proper for the making of Gun-Powder Liver of Antimony and several other Preparations For if the Nitre were too fine and violent it wou'd carry off part of the Antimony that is mixt with it If you wou'd have your Salt-Petre more pure and refin'd dissolve it in Water filtrate boil and chrystallize as before to procure Salt-Petre of the third Solution repeating the same Operation as often as you think fit for if the Salt-Petre be not very pure 't is impossible to make fine Sal Prunellae Crystal Mineral is not only fix'd by the Sulphur but purg'd of those Arsenical Spirits of which it was full so that 't is entirely freed of all Sharpness and Malignity It purifies and cools the Blood and Intrails allays and stops the Ebullition of the Humours in Fevers powerfully opens all Obstructions opens and incides the Body of Medicines that their Virtues may be the better extracted and in one Word 't is a very cooling Remedy without Acrimony or Biting You may give an Ounce and a half of it every Day in moisten'd Bran mixt with half an Ounce of Juniper-Berries beaten or dissolve three or four Ounces of it in a Pailful of Water for your Horse's ordinary Drink and it may be also conveniently mix'd with purging Medicines Every Author extols the Virtues of this Remedy but I have only insisted on its Usefulness for Horses So Cooling a Medicine ought to be cautiously administer'd to Horses whose Constitution is different from that of Men And therefore when you give it in moisten'd Bran 't will be convenient to add half an Ounce of Juniper-Berries beaten to qualifie and correct the extreme Coldness of the Remedy which notwithstanding its great Usefulness in other Respects oftentimes destroys the Horse's Appetite and makes his Hair stare But some Horses have the Advantage of such strong Appetites that the Use of this Medicine tho' administer'd alone produces not the least ill Effect upon their Stomachs And I have made some Horses eat three or four Pounds of it without disordering their Stomachs or making 'em forsake their Meat CHAP. CLI Of the Shedding of the Hair from the Head accompany'd with the Mange And of the Falling of the Hair from the rest of the Body especially about the Neck and hinder part of the Thighs THE Heat that occasions these Disorders is not always an Effect of Distempers in the Intrails but sometimes proceeds from a Corruption of the Humours and is the more dangerous because it may degenerate into a Fever The remote Causes of this Heat are immoderate and violent Exercise too hot Nourishment such as Clover Beans c. Fatness of the Body and a hot or choleric Constitution The Signs are evident for the Hair sheds and falls off from several parts of the Body the Horse is tormented with a violent Itching and several other Symptoms are visible Marks
and at last the Horse sinks under the violence of the Distemper The same Disorders may be also occasion'd by the first sort of Foundering if they be not prevented by timely Remedies So that it may be truly said that both kinds are very dangerous and if they be accompany'd with a Fever and melting of the Grease for the most part fatal There is a third sort of Foundering which usually seizes on Horses in the Army by reason of their eating green Corn but it may be easily cur'd in twenty four Hours and is oftentimes remov'd by Bleeding or some trivial Remedy Foundering in the Body is very frequently accompany'd with Melting of the Grease in which case the Horse is seldom or never free from a Fever This Complication of Distempers which Farriers call Chest-Foundering is almost always fatal When after violent Exercise and plentiful Sweating Horses are suffer'd to cool of a sudden either by the coldness of the Place or Season or for want of walking them after Riding they are almost always Founder'd and since the Legs are more violently exercis'd than any other part of the Body they are also more furiously attack'd by the Distemper and expos'd to the Defluxion of the Humours To prevent these Disorders you must walk your Horse gently for some time after long and violent Galloping and even after any hard Labour that the Humours which are fall'n upon the Legs already weaken'd by Riding may be dissipated before they be condens'd into a Liquor and that into a sort of Jelly which is the true cause of Foundering It will not appear strange to those who consider the danger of a sudden alteration or remove from extream Heat to excessive Cold that Horses usually become Founder'd when they are Water'd and ridden up to the Belly in cold Water immediately after violent Exercise A Horse that has been already Founder'd and has acquir'd an infirm habit of Body may relapse into the same Distemper if he be suffer'd to remain too long in the Stable and eat too much Oats and even after violent Exercises which wou'd not have produc'd any ill effect if he had never been Founder'd before Those who by reason of some Distemper in one of their Fore-Feet are forc'd to lay the weight of their Body upon the other are obnoxious to this Distemper in the Stable which is almost always occasion'd by too great a quantity of Nourishment For the Crudities that are generated by the redundancy of Food occasion a preternatural Heat and the Ebullition or Fermentation occasion'd by the Heat rarefies the most subtle Humours into Vapours which are afterwards condens'd to Water as I intimated before A Horse is very apt to be Founder'd if he be ridden while his Feet are Sore or his Legs stiff And the Cure of this kind of Foundering is extreamly difficult by reason of the Defluxion aâ—ready fall'n upon the Lame Foot I cou'd never comprehend the reason of their Opinion who pretend that a Horse may be Founder'd by riding him thro' a River or Pond when he is very Thirsty without suffering him to Drink For in very hot Weather if you suffer your Horse to Drink in the Evening after violent Sweating while his Body is still hot he may be easily Founder'd whereas if you had hinder'd him from Drinking the Danger wou'd have been certainly prevented Sometimes after a great Heat the Sinews are stiffen'd by cold without any Defluxion of Humours upon ' em This Infirmity differs from Foundering it seizes for the most part only in the Fore-Legs and is easily Cur'd The most dangerous kind of Foundering is that which is accompany'd with a Fever in which case the first and main scope of the Cure must be to remove the most urgent Symptom that is the Foundering For tho' the Fever is very dangerous and may kill the Horse 't is purely accidental and disappears as soon as its Cause is taken away When the Foundering falls upon the Feet the Cronet swells and is separated from the Hoof and therefore as soon as you perceive those Signs make several Incisions lengthwise along the Cronet with a sharp Lancet piercing the Skin to open a passage to the Humour which will come forth in form of a Reddish Water After the voiding of these Scrosities apply a Restringent Charge made of Bole-Armenic Vinegar and Whites of Eggs or unslack'd Lime set in a convenient place till it crumble into Powder and reduce it to a Paste or Dough with the Second Water and Spirit of Wine which is the most excellent Astringent that can be prescrib'd Then dress the Sores with Vinegar and Salt For if that Caution be neglected the sharp and malignant Humour which is of an acid and penetrating Nature like Aqua-Fortis will certainly loos'n the Hoof and make it fall off by the acrimony of the corrosive Salt of which 't is full and oftentimes it separates the Bone of the Foot from the Coffin-Bone about the Toe for the Bone of the Foot being dry'd by that corrosive Acid and afterwards relax'd that part which is depriv'd of Nourishment must necessarily fall away You must not take out the Sole till the dry and sapless part of the Bone of the Foot be ready to fall that is till it burst the Sole In the mean time the Hoof is dry'd spoil'd and full of Circles and the Horse becomes unfit for Service since he cannot Travel without excessive Pain The Humour flows chiefly to the Toe which usually suffers most by these Disorders and therefore the Horse treads on his Heels after he is cur'd of the Foundering WHen you perceive that the Foundering is fall'n upon the Feet and that the Bone of the Foot presses the Sole you must delay the taking out of the Sole as long as you can endeavouring to preserve it that it may contain the Bone of the Foot in its proper place you must not open the Heel but rub the Hoof near the Cronet with a quarter of an Onion every Day till the Juice penetrate the Hoof. But in the general as soon as the Foundering falls upon the Feet and the Bone of the Foot appears to be dry'd and to press the Sole you may reckon your Horse entirely lost and unfit for all manner of Service unless for labouring on soft Ground You will find a Remedy at the end of this Chapter to prevent these fatal Disorders and to remove the remaining Pains in the Foot that hinder the Horse from walking boldly and easily after the Cure of the Foundering The taking up of the Pastern-Veins as soon as the Disease falls upon the Foot may produce a very good effect but the Operation must be perform'd before the Bone of Foot appears visibly to press the Sole I think my self oblig'd to give you an Advice upon this occasion which perhaps few Persons will esteem it their Interest to follow Whoever is Master of a Horse of no very considerable value that has been once Founder'd in his Feet tho' the
is an excellent Remedy to ripen Matter in any part of the Body where the Skin is broken and when the circumstances of the Disease require the Sore to be kept open You may apply either of these Remedies according to the greatness of the Swelling Vegetius in the Eighth Chapter of his Third Book where he treats of the Swelling of the Stones orders 'em to be anointed Morning and Evening with the Powder of Burnt-Barley mixt with Hog's-Grease adding that a Dog's-Gall is of admirable efficacy in this case These Remedies are cheap and safe but I cannot recommend 'em from my own Experience CHAP. CLXIV Of the Lask Looseness or Flux of the Belly THis Disease is so frequently Mortal I mean when it attacks Horses that it ought never to be neglected when it comes without a manifest Cause But a Horse may be seiz'd with a Looseness without any considerable Danger after the drinking of cold Water in Summer or of melted Snow and after the eating of tender Grass or other Aliments and Medicines that may be rather said to produce a good Effect by loosening the Horse's Belly and expelling part of the Impurities that are lodg'd in his Body But this is not the Disease treated of in this Chapter The Lask or Flux is caus'd by the Weakness of the Stomach that cannot digest the Nourishment which consequently passes thro' the Guts and is voided at the Fundament almost without any Alteration It proceeds also from the Corruption of the Humours that are either gather'd in the Stomach or flow thither from the neighbouring Parts and by disturbing Nature in the Performance of her important Work of Concoction provoke her to a vigorous Endeavour in order to their Expulsion These Humours are not always raw and cold for oftentimes the Guts are scowr'd by an Inundation of Choler which may be call'd a Natural Clyster This kind of Flux is rarely dangerous and even not unfrequently profitable It is an ill Sign when the Aliments are voided entire without the least Mark of Digestion For 't is absolutely impossible for Nature to repair her Losses and regain her wonted Vigour without fresh Supplies of Nourishment and 't is plain that she receives not any considerable Advantage from the Nourishment when it only passes thro' the Body without undergoing any Change Besides these Internal Causes this Distemper may be occasion'd by eating too much Provender in which Case it may be easily cur'd by diminishing the usual Allowance of Food Sometimes 't is caus'd by eating mouldy or rotten Hay frozen Grass and other unwholsome Nourishment as also by drinking very cold Water and by immoderate and fatiguing Exercise This Distemper may also proceed from want of Exercise drinking immediately after the eating of a great quantity of Oats excessive Fatness feeding on Rye Straw and an ill Disposition of the whole Body To discover the Nature of the Humour that causes and foments the Disease you must consider the Excrements that are voided for if they boil and ferment upon the Ground you may conclude that the Distemper proceeds from over-heated Choler if they be white 't is a Sign of Crudity if they be watery they denote a great Weakness of the Stomach A Remedy for the Flux If the Excrements be mixt with small Pieces or Scrapings of the Guts you have reason to fear an Ulcer in those Parts which usually proves fatal if the Danger be not speedily prevented by a seasonable Cooling of the Entrails which may be effected by the following Remedy Take Barley and the Roots of Marsh-Mallows beaten of each two Ounces Powder of Sal Prunellae an Ounce Boil 'em in three Quarts of Water to one Quart The Dose is a Pint two or three times a day This Decoction allays the Inflammation of the Entrails sweetens the Acrimony of the Humors reduces the Choler to its natural State and destroys the preternatural Heat that occasions the Fever If this Distemper be caus'd by Flegm you must strengthen the Stomach evacuate the redundant Humours and bind and strengthen the relax'd Parts These Indications require the Use of the Cordial-Powder or Pills the Electuary of Kermes Treacle and other hot Remedies that are endu'd with a Virtue to strengthen and corroborate the Parts The Cure of this kind of Flux is easier than in the other Cases The Looseness of the Belly or Flux is frequently an Effect of a vigorous struggle of Nature to throw off and expel a troublesome Load of Humours But if it continue longer than three Days and be attended with the Loss of Appetite it may produce dangerous Consequences for sometimes Horses are founder'd by the long Continuance of this Distemper Therefore you must endeavour to prevent the Danger by the seasonable Application of convenient Remedies and by keeping the Horse to a regular Diet. You must not suffer your Horse to eat Oats but feed him with Bran moisten'd with Claret if he have not too strong an Aversion against it Barley parch'd on a Peel at the Fire and then ground is very good in this Case and you must also chuse the best Hay To proceed to the Use of Remedies you may begin with this scowring Clyster A Scowring Clyster Take Wheat Bran well sifted and whole Barley of each two Handfuls red Roses a Handful true Opium slic'd small half a Dram Boil 'em in Whey or steel'd Water for the space of a quarter of an Hour then add the Leaves of wild Succory Agrimony Beets white Mullein and Mercury of each one Handful In two Quarts of the Decoction dissolve the Yolks of six Eggs Honey of Roses and brown Sugar of each four Ounces Mix and make a Clyster After this Clyster has scowr'd the Guts and expell'd part of the corrupt Matter that was lodg'd in 'em you may give your Horse two Ounces of Liver of Antimony in moisten'd Bran or half an Ounce of the Golden Sulphur of Antimony persisting in this Method for a considerable Time For these Medicines strengthen the Entrails allay the Ebullition or Fermentation of the Humours and contribute very effectually to the Cure of this Distemper This done you may inject the following Clyster A Cooling and Binding Clyster Take Knot-Grass or instead of that Shepherd's Purse and white Mullein of each one Handful Leaves of Plantane two Handfuls Flowers of wild Pomegranates half a Handful the Seeds of Myrtles Lettuce and Plantane of each two Ounces Beat the Seeds and boil 'em in three Quarts of Beer or Barley-Water with half a Dram of good Opium cut into thin slices then put in the Herbs and afterwards a Handful of dry'd Roses Add to the Straining half a Pound of Honey of Roses and four Ounces of Sugar of Roses Mix and make a Clyster to be administer'd after the usual Manner A Potion for the Flux If the Flux be not stopp'd or at least abated by the above-mention'd Preparations of Antimony after these two Clysters you must give the following Potion continuing to repeat the Clysters from time to
Ounces the middle Bark of an Ash-Tree fresh and green four Ounces good Honey a quarter of a Pound and half a Pound of the Leaven'd Dough of a Rye-Loaf ready to be put into the Oven Beat the Ash-Bark and incorporate it with the rest of the Ingredients without Heat to the Consistence of a Pultiss which must be apply'd cold to the Fundament and the Application renew'd every twelve Hours If you cannot procure the green Bark you may take the dry diminishing the Dose to two Ounces and beating it to Powder Galen's cooling Cerate Album Rhasis and some other Galenical Remedies may be sometimes useful in this Case but are inferiour to the other in Efficacy It happens not unfrequently that the Distemper continues obstinately after a fruitless Tryal of all these Applications In this Case assoon as the Inflammation and great Heat are remov'd you must cut off the part of the Fundament that hangs out with a sharp Knife heated red-hot to prevent a Flux of Blood Sometimes the Fundament shrinks into its Place if the Horse be suffer'd to rest about half an Hour But falls out again if you make him trot thirty Paces which is a Sign of a Fistula And therefore you must take hold of it when it falls out and tying a strong Packthread about it cut it quite off with a red-hot Knife You must afterwards anoint the Wound every Day with Album-Rhasis till the Escarfall and then rub the Flesh with Siccativum Rubrum Many Horses have been sav'd by this Method and several Farriers at Paris have perform'd the Cure by my Directions who never saw it attempted before tho' they are otherwise very skilful in their Profession and have seen Horses cur'd of Fistula's CHAP. CLXVII Of Strains Hurts and Blows on the Houghs STrains in the Houghs are very dangerous by reason of the extream Pain occasion'd by the contusion of the Nervous Parts The Horse's Body grows dry he becomes Lean and is afterwards troubl'd with so many grievous Distempers that he grows ugly and deform'd if not irrecoverably Lame The Causes are the same with those that occasion Strains in the Hips and there is no need of enumerating a multitude of Signs in so plain a case For the Hoof is swoll'n and when you touch it the Horse shrinks and complains Bleed your Horse in the Neck and charge the whole Hoof with his own Blood mixt with Brandy As soon as the Charge is dry lay some of the Ointment of Montpelier above it and about eight or ten Hours after chafe the Part with strong Brandy without taking away the Ointment washing it always with Brandy at the same Intervals after every Application of the Ointment You may afterwards endeavour to repel the Defluxion with Astringent Remedies such as you will find describ'd in several Parts of this Book especially the Astringent Baths mention'd in the preceding Chapter If the Swelling continue notwithstanding the use of these Remedies apply the Duke's Ointment with Brandy and afterwards convenient Fomentations renewing the Applications once a Day If the Swelling ripen or turn to an Abscess open it with a red-hot Iron and proceed as in the Cure of Simple Wounds For a slight Strain 't will be sufficient to anoint the Hoof with the Ointment of Montpelter and Brandy If the Swelling be occasion'd by a Blow from another Horse bleed your Horse Charge the griev'd place with his own Blood and then chafe it with Spirit of Wine or you may chuse some of the following Remedies at your pleasure For Blows on the Houghs and other parts of the Body The Tumours that are occasion'd by these and such like Accidents are not easily dissolv'd or asswag'd If the Humour congeal in those Nervous Parts it resists the Operation of the best Remedies and the Swelling degenerates into a Curb Spavin c. and therefore to prevent those Inconveniencies as soon as the Pain is taken away and only the Swelling remains bathe the Part and charge it with thick Lees of Red-Wine mixt with a third part of good Vinegar and besides you will find severaâ— Remedies for those Swellings in the Sixtieth and following Chapters If the Tumour be inveterate and cannot be dissolv'd by these Applications you may apply the following Remedy which is very effectual A Remedy for a Swelling caus'd by a Blow Mix a Pound of Flower of Linseed with a sufficient quantity of Wine till it be reduc'd to the thickness of Broth boil it over a clear Fire stirring it about without intermission When it begins to thicken add four Ounces of common Turpentine and when that is well incorporated with the Broth put in six Ounces of melted Burgundy-Pitch Then remove the Vessel from the Fire continuing to stir the Composition till you can venture to put your Finger into it after which you must immediately apply it to the place with Flax and a Bandage and repeat the Application once in twenty four Hours If the Swelling be accompany'd with a violent Pain or if the Horse be very Lame you must endeavour to allay the Pain by the Application of the Duke's Ointment or for want of that of the preceding Remedy prepar'd with Milk instead of Wine For the Milk is Anodyne and asswages Pain but is not endu'd with the resolving Faculty of Wine and therefore as soon as the Horse ceases to Halt you must again prepare the Remedy with Wine to take away the Swelling If these Remedies be not attended with the desir'd Success you may have recourse to the Bath mention'd in Chap. LXV or to those that are describ'd in the preceding Chapter to which last you may add some of the Herbs that enter'd the Composition of the former Sometimes these Tumours degenerate into Curbs Spavins or Hough-Boney's which are sometimes cur'd by giving the Fire As soon as a Horse has receiv'd a Blow in his Body with another Horse's Foot bleed him in the Neck and bathe the place with Spirit of Wine five or six times every Day or which is more effectual anoint it with the Ointment of Montpelier and eight Hours after chafe it with Brandy repeating the Application once a Day In these cases I usually apply with very good Success the Crease of a Capon Badger or Bear anointing the Part every Day till the Swelling be dissolv'd Another Remedy for a Swelling occasion'd by a Blow or Stroke with another Horse's Foot Beat the Whites of twelve or thirteen Eggs with a large piece of Allom till they be reduc'd to a thick Froth then mix 'em with a Quart of strong Brandy a Pint of Vinegar and two Litrons of Flower incorporating 'em well without Heat Charge the place with this Mixture renewing the Application every two Hours till the Swelling be abated which usually happens in twenty four Hours Another Remedy to asswage a Swelling caus'd by a Stroke Make a thin Paste of Potter's-Clay mixt with a sufficient quantity of Vinegar boil and stir it till it thicken Then remove it from the Fire
these Humours is more subtil and penetrating the Nerves obstructs their Motion and occasions Pain whereas the Humour from whence this Distemper proceeds takes its Course thro' ways unknown to us without causing those Disturbances that are observ'd in the other Case And perhaps I may venture to say that the Cause is the same tho' the Effects be different according to the various degrees of the Acrimony of the Salt of which these Spirits are full In order to the Cure of this Distemper you must endeavour by all means to strengthen the Sole about the Toe for Nature may perhaps in time dissolve the Crescent And to assist her in the Execution of that Work 't will be convenient to pour a sufficient quantity of the finest Oil of Bay into the Foot without paring it or cutting the Sole after which you must stop the Foot with Flax and lay Splents over all At the same time anoint the Cronet especially about the Toe with the same Oil covering it with Flax and a convenient Bandage Note That the Oil must be apply'd cold to the Cronet and pour'd boiling-hot into the Foot After you have contiunu'd for some time in the Use of this Method without any considerable Sign of Amendment if the the Horse be still very lean you must take out the Sole and if you find the point of the Bone of the Foot separated from the Hoof with an empty Space between 'em you must burn all that part of the Bone that seems to be separated both above and below to hasten its falling away Then apply Aegyptiacum to the burnt Bone and charge the whole Sole with a Mixture of Turpentine Honey and Tarr melted together Continue to dress the Bone with Aegyptiacum or Schmit's Ointment till it fall out after which dress the part of the Bone from which the Piece that fell away was separated with Monsieur Curty's Ointment apply'd cold or only with Flax dipt in Brandy renewing the Application every two Days which will make the Flesh grow again and cover the Bone After which the Sole will grow again also To promote the Growth of the Sole and make it firm and vigorous you may observe the Directions in the LXXXIXth Chapter Concerning the Method of taking out the Sole Assoon as you perceive that the Sole is grown strong you may begin to walk your Horse on soft Ground and by degrees accustom him to travel If by looking into the Foot you perceive that the Crescent is not great and have reason to conclude that the Disease is not very dangerous you ought not to take out the Sole without Necessity but rather endeavour to strengthen it by pouring boiling Oil of Bay into the Foot as I order'd before and continuing after the same manner till the Cure be compleated This may be justly reckon'd a dangerous Distemper the Cure is long and difficult and very frequently the Horse continues lame for the space of a Year and longer Several Farriers confound this Infirmity with Surbating and other Diseases in the Feet But the Easiness of the Cure in these Cases ought to convince 'em of their Errour The END of the FIRST PART A TABLE OF THE DISEASES A. ANticor page 212 Appetite lost 8 12 Arrests 287 Attaint 109 B. BAck swoll'n or hurt 173 Sway'd 261 Barbs 6 Biting of a mad Dog 179. Of a venomous Beast 181 Bleeding 54 167 Bleymes 153 Bones broken 85 Bots. 257 Breath short 181 Burstenness 266 C. Chest-Foundering 197 Chops 289 Clefts ibid. Cods swoll'n 265 Cold 22. with a Cough 23. with a Beating in the Flank 24 Colic 59. First Kind 60. Second 62. Third 64. Fourth 66. Fifth 69. Sixth 74 Cough 192 195 Cramp 277 Crepances 297 Cronet swoll'n 150 Crown-Scab 155 Curb 283 D. DIseases of Horses in general 1 Biting of a mad Dog 179 E. EYes their Diseases 42. Rheums 44. Blows or Stroaks 46. White Films 48. Lunatic or Moon-Eyes 49. Haw 51 F. FArcin 224 227 229 230 231 234 235 236 237 238. How to fatten a Horse 209 Feet surbated Feet 125. decay'd and wasted 158 Fevers 216. Simple 217 219. Putrid 217 220. Pestilential 217 221. Causes and Signs 218 Fiery-Evil 39 Figs. 134 Fire how to give 283 Flanks 185 186 Flux 268 270 Foundering 247. In the Feet 252 Fret see Colic Frush scabbed 154. Fleshy Excrescencies 156 Fundament fall'n down 271 G. GAngrene 166 Glanders 28 31 33 35 Gripes see Colic H. HAemorrhagy 54 Hair falling off 242 Halter-cast 296 Head its Diseases 37 38 40 Heels narrow 130. scabbed 154 Hide-bound 207 Hips strain'd 78. Hipshot 263 Hoof-cast 151 Houghs strain'd hurt or swoll'n 272 Hough bony 277 Hungry-Evil 297 I. JArdon 280 Impostume in the Feet 149 Itch. 253 Blood-running Itch. 241 K. KErnels to ripen 22 To dissolve 32 L. LAmpas 6 Lask or Looseness 268 Leanness 207 Legs broken 85. Stiff tyr'd decay'd 86 106. Swell'd gourdy 87 89. Old Swellings 91. Stiff and tyr'd 93. Spoil'd by travelling 94. Sores and Swellings in the Legs 287 291 Lungs obstructed 199 M. MAdness 179 Malenders 95 Mange 157 242 253. In the Tail 257 Molten Grease 243 Morfounding 22 Mules 288 N. NUmness of the Hoof. 298 O. OVer-Reach 109 P. PAins 289 Palpitation of the Heart 214 Palsie in Jaw 56 Pastern-Joint strain'd or dislocated 103. Swell'd or gourded 107 Hurt or wounded 177 Pissing of Blood 72 Pricks in the Foot 137 139 Pursiveness 181 185 187 189 190 Q. QUarter false 127 Quitter-Bone 116 118 R. RAt-Tails 287 Retreats 137 Rheum 22 Ring-Bone 121 Rupture 266 S. SCab 253 Scratches 110. Simple ibid. Sinewy 111 Selenders 95 Shoulder-wrench Shoulder-pight or Shoulder-splait 76. Strain'd or hurt 77 78 80 83 Signs of Sickness in Horses 5 Sinew-sprain 106. Relax'd or strain'd 273 275. Sole to take out 131 Spanish Evil. 40 Blood-Spavin 282 Bone-Spavin 281 Splents 95 98 Stag's Evil. 56 Stavers 75 Stones drawn into the Body 73. Swoll'n 265. Bruis'd or hard 266 Strangles 15 19 False Strangles 20 String-halt 281 Stubs in the Foot 137 139 Surbating 125 T. TIck 6 Truncheons 257 U. VEin to take up 294 Vives 57 Urine to provoke 68. To stop 71 W. WArts 288 289 Wind short or broken 181 Wind-Galls 98 100 278 Withers wrung or hurt 167 Wolves Teeth 7 Worms 67 257 259 Wounds 159 Y. YEllows 37 AN INDEX OF THE PRINCIPAL REMEDIES Describ'd in this PART A. ALoes prepar'd 53 Golden Sulphur of Antimony 208 Arman for a sick Horse 10 B. BUrning Balsam 16 Chewing-Balls 11 Cordial-Balls 25 Green Balsam 146 Basilicum 148 C. CAtholicum for Clysters 224 Liquid Caustic 114 Perpetual Caustic 292 Clysters 24 55 59 63 69 204 215 216 219 221 269 270. Crocus Metallorum 202 Crystal Mineral 241 D. DEcoction of China 236 Decoction of Guaiacum ibid. Lieutenant's Decoction 201 Decoction of Sarsaparilla 237 E. FLectuary of Kermes 17 Emetic Wine 36 Essence of Vipers 61 Eye-Waters 44 45 F. FEbrifuge 220 H. HOney-Charge Red. 81 White Honey-Charge 293 L. LApis Infernalis 292 Lapis Mirabilis 47 Lime-Water 165 M. MErcurius dulcis 233 O. OIl for Clysters 63 Oil of Gabian 145 Oil of Lead 50 Oil de Merveille 145 Purging Oil. 65 Oil of Rue 213 Ointment Aegyptiacum 163 Ointment Baron's 78 Ointment Bartholomew ' s. 148 Ointment Basilicum 16 Ointment of Beetles 98 Ointment Coachman 's 291 Ointment Connestable ' s. 124 Ointment Countess's 150 Ointment Curtis ' s. 147 Ointment Doctor 's 118 Ointment Duke's 90 Ointment Hermit's 165 Ointment Hunter's 175 Ointment Mercurial 294 Ointment of Montpelier 78 Ointment of Naples 231 Ointment Neat-herd's 256 Duke of Newburg 's Ointment 278 Nerve-Ointment 106 Ointment of Oldenburg 291 Ointment Oppodeldoc 83 Ointment of Plantane 124 Ointment of Portugal 230 Schimt 's Ointment 152 Ointment Sicar ' s. 147 Ointment of Worms 99 Orvietan 60 P. PIlls for the Stomach 12 Cinnabar Pills 162 English Pills 197 Stinking Pills 245 Treacle Pills 25 Yellow Pills 190 Plaister of Walnuts 108 Angelic Powder 189 Uuniversal Cordial Powder 24 Cordial Powders 27 Powder for a Cough 193 German Ptisan 235 Purging Medicines 41 52 65 67 213 254 259. R. REmolade of Bohemia 104 Retoirs 102 Rue-water 50 S. SAl Polychrest 205 Sal Prunellae 241 Scammony prepar'd 42 Second Water Sublimate 233 T. TIncture of Sulphur 191 Treacle Diatessaron 72 U. VUlnerary Water 170 Vulnerary Potions 175 Y. YEllow Water 165 FINIS