Ulcer That which is generated by Wind must be cured by Remedies that discuss and evacuate that flatulent Matter and also Flegm which breeds Wind. And first An emollient and loosning Glister must be injected and presently after a carminative and discussing Glister made of the Decoction of the Leaves of Wild-marjoram Calaminth Penny-royal Rue and the lesser-centaury the Seeds of Annise Fennel Daucus Cummin and the like wherein may be dissolved Benedictum Laxativum Oyl of Dill Rue and Honey of Rosemary If the Pain continue a Glister must be made of Oyl of Rue or of Nuts and of generous Wine each equal Parts you must add to it two ounces of Aqua-vitae or you may prepare a Glister of Whitewine mixed with eight drops of Oyl of Juniper Cinnamon or of Chymical Oyl of Cloves Afterwards the following Fomentation must be applyed to the Region of the Stomach Take of the Roots of Cyperus Galingal sweet smelling Flag each one ounce of the Leaves of Mint wild-marjoramâ— Marjoram Penny-royal Hyssop and Sage each one handful of the Seeds of Fennel Daucus Caraways Bay-berries each half an ounce of the Flowers of Camomil Melilot Rosemary and Lavinder each one Pugil cut them and beat them and put them into two Bags boil them in generous Wine press them out and â—pply them hot to the Stomach and Belly by turns But when the Matter is not very cold the following Fomentation may be prepared which is much commended by Forestus and he says it will give Ease when other Medicines will do no good Take of the Roots of Marshmallows half an ounce of red Roses the Flowers of Camomil and of the Tops of Centaury each one handful boil them in Fountain and Camomil-water to a Pint and an half at last add a little good Rhenish-wine Rose-water and Vinegar make a Fomentation After the Fomentation anoint the parts with Oyl of Rue and Dill mixed with Aqua-vitae and a little of the Oyl of Sage or of Cloves Chimically extracted after the Anointing apply the Plaister of Laurel-berries or instead of it a Cataplasm made of Honey and the Seeds of Cummin In the mean time whilst these things are about if the Stomach be nauseous Vomiting may be provoked by some gentle Vomit or a Purge may be given that evacuates Flegm After the Body is purged Oyl of bitter Almonds mixed with White-wine may be taken or Aqua-clareta or Cinnamon-water The following Julep is very effectual to ease Pain discuss Wind to cleanse Flegm and to strengthen the Stomach Take of the Leaves of common Worm-wood of the lesser Centaury and Agrimony each half an handful boil them to five ounces in the Liquor dissolve one ounce of white Sugar Let it be taken for two days in the Morning Amatus Lusitanus greatly commends the distilled Water of Camomil-flowers as a special Remedy to ease Pains of the Bowels and Stomach three ounces of it may be taken warm or in the place of this Water a Decoction of Camomil-flowers may be used which is greatly commended by Forestus who says that he cured a certain Merchant of a violent Pain in the Stomach with only giving this Decoction once he had no sooner drank it than he fell into a Sweat belching up Wind and in a Minute all the Pains went off so that there was no occasion for any other Remedies A Vomit may be prepared of this Decoction made with Seeds of Dill or with Agarick or the Roots of Wake-robin wherein may be dissolved Oxymel Syrup of Sorrel or of Roses solutive which may be given at the beginning of the Disease to mitigate the Pain by evacuation Galen says that a Cupping-glass applied to the Stomach removes the Pain wonderfully but this Caution must be taken notice of viz. That but little or no crude Humour be in the Stomach for if there be it will increase the Pain Bread fresh drawn out of the Oven cut in the middle and applied to the Part does good either by it self or sprinkled with Aromatick Powders But if the Disease be obstinate you must use a Bath made of a Decoction of emollient and healing Herbs which is safest and most effectual for it eases the Pain by discussing the Wind and driving it through rhe Pores of of the Skin But the Buisness will be sooner done if in the Bath the Sick take some discutient Remedy for both concurring the Cure will be effectually performed The Bath ought to be very hot that the Wind may be the easier discussed and that the gross Humours may be melted If Glisters cannot be injected or retained by reason of the violence of the Pain a Purge must be given in the Bath where the Sick must continue half an hour or an hour till the Purge begins to operate But sometimes when there is danger by reason of the violence of the Pain Narcoticks must be given which being prudently administred do often a great deal of good Some mix Narcoticks with Purgers that the Pain may be eased and the peccant Matter evacuated at the same Time Take of Diaphaenicon half an ounce of Philonium Romanum two Scruples with the Water or Decoction of Camomil make a Potion After the Pain is taken off Purging should be repeated once or twice a Month in such as are subject to this Disease that the Cause of Wind may be removed corroborating Medicines must be also used but if the Pain arise from Choler it must be cured by the Evacuation of the peccant Humour as by a gentle Vomit or a Purging Medicine or by injecting Glisters frequently which ought to be emollient not sharp or hot Afterwards the Acrimony of the Humours is to be mitigated by cooling and thickning Juleps by Emulsions of the four greater cold seeds by new Milk Oyl of sweet Almonds newly drawn by Yolks of Eggs and the like Strenghning Medicines must be used and Narcoticks upon occasion and outwardly must be applied a Cataplasm of White-bread Crums boiled in Milk Yolks of Eggs and Saffron being added Or you may apply Bread fresh drawn and cut in the middle and moistened with Vinegar or let the part be fomented with a Decoction of the Flowers of Camomil Violets and of Water-lillies or which is much better let the Sick be bathed with warm Water for this is very effectual for the Cure of this Disease If when the Pain is eased it should chance to return again the Sick must be purged twice a Month and the hot Intemperies must be corrected by a cooling Diet and convenient Remedies But when the Pain proceeds from an Inflammation Abscess or Ulcer it must be cured by Remedies to be proposed in the following Chapter CHAP. LXIX Of an Inflammation Abscess and Vlcer of the Stomach THough in the Stomach as in all other Parts all sorts of Tumours may happen yet here we only treat of an Inflammation or Phlegmon which is most frequent for other Tumours rarely happen and may be cured by the same Method wherewith the Tumours of other inward parts are
THE Store-house of Physical Practice Being a General TREATISE OF THE Causes and Signs OF ALL DISEASES AFFLICTING Human Bodies TOGETHER With the Shortest Plainest and Safest way of Curing them by Method Medicine and Diet. To which is added for the Benefit of Young Practisers several choice Forms of Medicines used by the London Physicians By JOHN PECHEY of the College of Physicians in London LONDON Printed for Henry Bonwicke at the Red Lyon in St. Paul's Church-yard MDCXCV HONOR VIRTUTIS PRAEMIUM THE PREFACE I Believe nothing has so much obstructed the Improvement of the Art of Physick as the late unaccountable Humour of Romancing on the Nature and the Causes of Diseases For in many of our modern Authors the greatest part of the Paper is wasted about flourishing a Whimsoe to make it pass for a probable Supposition and hence the noble Art is term'd conjectural so that in some of them scarce a Page can be spared for the Cure that which is the main of the Business being huddled up or touch'd on by the by Whereas Reason and Argument are not the true Tests of Physick nor indeed of any thing else when Experience the great Baffler of Speculation can determine the Matter And which is strange this unkind usage of the Art is privileg'd by a sort of Men who are set apart for the well ordering of Physick and these Broachers of Whimsies dignified with the Titles of Philosophers and Virtuoso's From what has been said the following plain Practice must expect but cold Entertainment with the speculative Physician but such as mind and study Practice will I question not patronize the Vndertaking when upon the perusal they find in this One Treatise the Sum and Substance of several voluminous Authors it being a Collection of such Methods and Medicines as I thought best and most useful But it is chiefly design'd for young Practisers and may serve as their Vade Mecum where they may readily turn to any Disease and at once view the Diagnosticks and Cure And here it may not be improper to add briefly for the Benefit of young Physicians some Directions relating to Study and Practice And first spend not too much time upon Anatomy Chymistry and Herbs for tho' the knowledge of these is not only ornamental but useful too yet if you consume the greatest part of your time in these Preliminaries you will be as foppish as those young Sparks that give themselves up to Dancing and Fiddling and neglect Arms and History the true Accomplishments of a Gentleman But above all be not inveigled with an Hypothesis the bane of Art In the next place associate with such practical Physicians as make their own Medicines and assist in the making of Medicines and see their Practice for by this means such being usually call'd in at the beginning of the Disease you may observe a whole process of Cure whereas those that only prescribe are seldom sent for till the Disease is incurable Moreover add Reading to Practice and every day let some time be allotted for Study and so you will be confirm'd and in a great measure freed from those anxious and vexatious Thoughts that continually afflict Physicians when they are not incouraged and strengthen'd by the assistance of good Authors Is it not therefore most adviseable to abate something of the gayity of Youth and to apply in time to serious Matters that thereby you may procure a lasting Peace with your Selves and a comfortable Repose for Age For tho' many pleasant Surprizes daily occur in Youth that make the World for a time a very agreeable Habitation yet the continual Reflections on the Follies of it in our fading Years render the Mind sour and uneasy To conclude I shall add one short Note which I desire all young Physicians to observe well viz. That you have a regard to the predominant Symptom for in many Cases you must for a time desist from the method of curing the Original Disease and immediately bend all your force against the urgent Symptom otherwise the Patient will be destroy'd before the Disease can be cur'd From the Angel and Crown in Bazing-lane London January the 22d 1694 5. THE INDEX A. ABscess of the Stomach 215 After-pains 421 Agues 499 Albugo 46 Anasarca 265 Apoplexy 14 Appetite lost 188 Asthma 127 B. BArrenness 396 Belching 193 Bladders in the Eye 59 Bladder inflamed 288 Bleeding at Nose 100 C. CAncer of the Womb 384 Cancer of the Cornea 61 Catalepsis 18 Carus 14 Catarrh 28 Celiac passion 240 Childrens Convulsions 9 Childrens Diseases 429 Dead Child 415 Child-bed Purgations suppressed 419 Cholera morbus 205 Cholic 222 Cholic bilious 229 Cholic hysteric 233 Clorosis 314 Coma 14 Consumption 152 Convulsion 25 Coryza 98 Costiveness 238 Courses stopt 316 Courses immoderate 355 D. DEafness 72 Diabetes 302 Dilatation of the Pupil 43 Diarrhaea 242 Diseases of the glassy Humour 37 Diseases of the christalline Humour 38 Diseases of the watery Humour 39 Acute Diseases in Child-bed 425 Dropsie 257 Dropsie of the Womb 388 Dysury 311 E. EArs Noise in them 78 Ears Pain in them 79 Ears Things coming out of them 88 Empyâ—ma 149 Encanâ—his 67 Epiphora 68 F. FAinting 179 Falling-sickness 6 Falling of the Vvea 64 Fever pestilential 464 Fever continual 482 Fever scarlet 493 Fevers of Children 494 Fevers intermitting 502 Fistula Lachrimalis 64 Flux bloody 245 Flux of the Hemorrhoids immoderate 254 Forms of Medicines 527 G. GIddiness 4 Gout 451 Green-sickness 314 Gums ulcerated 119 Gums bleeding 120 Gutta serena 32 H. HEad-ach 30 Heart trembling of it 183 Hicops 197 Hypochondriack Diseases 358 Hysteric Diseases ibib I. JAundice 255 Jaws ulcerated 121 Inflamation of the Tongue 103 Inflamation of the Stomach 215 Inflation of the Womb 388 Iliac passion 236 Incontinence of Vrine 303 Itch 522 L. LAbour hard 410 Lethargy 14 Loosness 242 Lyentery 240 M. MAdness 3 Matter collected under the Cornea 58 Measles 478 Miscarriage 401 Mouth ulcerated 121 N. NArrowness of the Pupil 46 Nauseousness 193 Nephritic pain 284 Night-mare 12 Nostrills Ill scent in them 97 Nurse choice of one 429 O. OPthalmia 49 Over-purging 504 Ozaena 90 P. PAlpitation of the Heart 183 Palsie 19 Palsie of the Tongue 109 Peripneumonia 136 Bastard Peripneumonia 146 Phrensie 1 Piles 254 Piles painful ibid Pimples in the Face 522 Plague 464 Pleurisie 130 Polypus 92 Small Pox 467 French Pox 505 Q. QUinsie 126 R. RAnula under the Tongue 105 Reins inflamed 288 Rheumatism 461 Rickets 440 Rhyas 67 Rupture of the Cornea 63 S. SArcoma 92 Schirrhus of the Womb 381 Scurvy 268 Secundine retain'd 416 Smelling lost 95 Sneezing 99 Spitting of Blood 100 Spots in the Eyes 46 Spots in the Face 522 Stomach-pain 207 Stone in the Kidnies 284 Stone in the Bladder 286 Stranguary 307 Suffusion 39 Swooning 179 T. TAsting diminish'd 107 Teeth black 117 Tenesmus 249 Timpany 262 Trembling 28 Tumors of the Tongue 103 U. ULcers of the Tunicks of the Eye 60 Ulcers of the Nostrils 90 Ulcers of
the Stomach 215 Ulcers of the Reins and Bladder 295 Unguis Oculorum 71 Vomiting 193 Urine suppress'd 307 Urine hot 311 Urine bloody 292 Uvula relaxed 124 W. WEakness 187 Whites 357 Womb inflamed 371 Womb ulcerated 375 Womb mortified 387 Womb falling 395 Worms 252 THE STORE-HOUSE OF Physical Practice Diseases of the HEAD CHAP. I. Of a Phrensie A Phrensie in Latin Phrenitis is twofold True and Spurious A true Phrensie is an inflamation of the Brain and Membranes of it with a perpetual Delirium and a continual Acute Feaver A Bastard Phrensie proceeds from an hot intemperies communicated to the Brain from the whole Body as in Burning Feavers or from the inflamation of some particular part as of the Liver Lungs and especially the Diaphragm The Causes of a true Phrensie proceed from Cholerick Blood extravasated The Signs of an approaching Phrensie are Watchings disturbed Sleep immoderate Speech Urine first Thick then Thin and Clear Heat and Pain in the Head and the like A Phrensie is known by perpetual Raving restless Watching and by drawing the Breath deep and seldom and the Sick does not call for Drink though there are great and apparent causes of Thirst the Pulse is small frequent and quick the Feaver is continual and the Tongue black yellow or rough A Phrensie is generally deadly because the Noble Parts are generally affected But there is most hopes of Recovery when they Laugh and when all the symptoms are moderate and when the Strength is good and if after the Disease is at height some evacuation happens as by Sweat Bleeding at the Nose or a Loosness The following Signs shew it to be deadly trembling of the Hands and Tongue gnashing of the Teeth Convulsion and a shaking at the beginning of it catching of the Cloaths black Blood droping from the Nose white Stools and a pale Urine CVRE The Blood flowing to the Head must be evacuated repelled intercepted and a revulsion of it must be made That which is already flown in must be evacuated and discussed the intemperies of the part must be corrected and the strength of it and of the whole Body must be preserved All these things may be performed by the following remedies But first of all and at any time of the day Bleeding must be used If it be occasion'd by a suppression of the Lochia or of the Courses or of the Hemorrhoids the Vein call'd Saphena must be open'd in the Foot afterwards you must open a Vein in the Arm to evacuate the Blood that is put off upon the Head Bleeding is to be repeated twice thrice or more according to the height of the Disease and the Age and Strength of the Patient Note in opening of the Vein the Orifice must be small for otherwise the restlesness of the Sick will force the Blood out and so make it joyn the sooner you may apply a Plaister to it made of Aloes the White of an Egg and Hares Down After Bleeding you must endeavour to procure Sleep by applying cooling things to the Forehead and Temples and Anodine Medicines must be given inwardly Take of Lettice and Purslain Water each one Ounce of Diacodium half an Ounce or six Drams of Syrup of Lemons half an Ounce make a Draught to be taken at Bed-time The Sick may take often of the following Julep Take of the Waters of Lettice Purslain Roses red Poppies each three Ounces Syrup of Violets and Pomgranats each one Ounce and an half of Sal prunella three Drams make a Julep The Dose is three or four spoonfuls at a time four or five times a day When Bleeding cannot be used Cupping-glasses must be applied with deep Scarification first to the lower Parts viz. the Thighs c. then to the upper Parts viz. to the Shoulders c. And afterwards you may apply them without Scarification to the Legs and other parts Blisters may be also conveniently applied to the Shoulders and Arms and a cooling Glyster must be daily injected For instance Take of the common decoction for Glysters one Pint dissolve in it one Ounce of Lenitive Electuary and four Ounces of Brown Sugar make a Glyster Note That the quantity of the Glyster must be varied according to the Age and Bigness of the Patient Bleeding in the Nose by pricking often with a Lancet the Nostrils where the Hairs grow does much good and also Leeches applied behind the Ears to the Nostrils and Forehead CHAP. II. Of Madness MAdness in Latin Mania This Disease does not kill of it self yet it is very difficult to Cure especially if it be hereditary CVRE Bleeding Vomiting and strong Purges are to be frequently used with which and severe Discipline it is frequently Cur'd But if the Disease be mild kind words and good usage and gentle Physick does oftentimes the business But in most Bleeding must be us'd to a great quantity in the beginning of the Disease sometimes in the Arm and sometimes in the Jugular Vein in the Forehead Foot or drawn from the Hemorrhoidal Veins by Leeches Vomits do also a great deal of good But such as are Chymical are best because they work most powerfully and the Sick may be easily cheated with them Take of Sulphur of Antimony eight or ten grains of cream of Tartar half a Scruple mix them and give it in a spoonful of Broth or with Bread Repeat this Vomit once in four days Strong Purges are also frequently used As Take of extract of black Hellebore and Calamelanos each one Scruple mix them and make a Bolus to be taken in the Morning Betwixt the Evacuations such things may be used as attemperate the Blood if the Sick will take them as Steel-waters Whey and the like For preservation such People as are subject to Madness should Purge and Bleed Spring and Fall CHAP. III. Of Giddiness GIddiness in Latin Vertigo There are two sorts of it in one the Sight is taken away in the other it is not The Cause of Giddiness is a circumvolution of the Spirits An idiopathick Giddiness is known by Pains and dulness in the Head a dulness of the Sight noise in the Ears Deafness and the like The peccant Matter is discovered by the following Signs dulness of the outward and inward Senses Sloth much Sleep much Spitting want of Appetite and of Thirst a white and crude Urine shew that Flegm abounds watching anger activity of Body thirst a quick Pulse thin and yellow Urine signifie that Choler is peccant fear sadness disturbed thoughts long watching dreadful Dreams soure belchings and the like signifie Melancholy abounds The bigness and stiffness of the Veins a florid Countenance and heat of the Face beating of the Temples dulness of the Head weariness or a red and thick Urine and sometimes a thin when there is a translation to the Head signifie that Blood abounds A sympathetick Giddiness is known by the absence of the Symptoms that proceed from the Head and when there is no apparent Disease in the Brain Want of Appetite nauciousness
soure Belching Pain or Wind in the Stomach signifie that it proceeds from the Stomach that a Giddiness proceeds from the Liver Spleen or Womb is known by the following Signs When it proceeds from the Spleen there are frequent and large evacuations of Wind inflation of the Belly soure Belchings and the like when from the Womb there is stopage of the Courses or Hysterick Fits A Giddiness that is recent and seldom invades and that which is occasioned by external Causes is light and easily Cured that which is inveterate and frequent most commonly ends in the Falling Sickness or Apoplexy CVRE The Cure is much the same with the Falling Sickness which see in the Chapter of the Falling Sickness But when it is small it does not need so large a course of Physick as is requisite for the Cure of the Falling Sickness But those things will be sufficient which I shall here set down First therefore if Blood abounds inject a pretty sharp Glyster and afterwards Bleed then Purge with the following Pills Take of the fetid Pills two Scruples of Resin of Jalap five grains with a sufficient quantity of Galbanum dissolved in Briony Water make seven Pills to be taken in the Morning repeat them Thrice But if the Patient cannot take Pills the following Purging Potion may be given instead of them Take of Gerions decoction six Ounces boil in it of the Fibres of black Hellebore and of Agarick each one Dram and an half strain it and add an Ounce of the Syrup of Roses Solutive and two Drams of Compound Briony Water Make a Potion Afterwards let the Patient use the following Sneesing Powder Take of the Leaves of Marjoram Sage Rosemary dried each half a Dram of the Roots of Pellitory of Spain and white Hellebore each one Scruple of Musk three Grains make a Powder Cupping-glasses with and without Scarification frictions of the extream parts Bleeding from the Hemorrhoidal Veins may be used to cause revulsion Blisters are also of use for derivation Afterwards use such things as are proper to strengthen the Head which you will find in the Chapter of an Epilepsie The Conserves of the Flowers of Marrygolds is counted by some a Specifick for Giddiness CHAP. IV. Of the Falling Sickness THE Falling Sickness in Latin Epilepsia is an universal and violent Convulsion the Fit most commonly comes of a sudden and precipitates in the twinkling of an Eye to the Earth and deprives a Man of Sense and Understanding for they seem rather forcibly thrown down than to fall and that part which first comes to the Ground is most commonly bruised or wounded They gnash with their Teeth foam at the Mouth and often beat their Heads against the Ground their Arms and Legs either become rigid or tossed here or there Some beat their Breasts violently and some cast their Bodies impetuously hither and thither But in most the Belly swells much After some time sometimes sooner sometimes longer the symptoms suddenly cease as if the Tragedy were just ended and then the Sick come to themselves again and are sensible but there remains after the Fit is gone off a pain in the Head and a dulness in their Senses and often a Giddiness The Fits are sometimes wont to come at set times of the day month or year but most commonly according to the greater turns of the year or according to the Conjunctions or opposite Aspects of the Moon or Sun they return more certainly and afflict more violently and sometimes the Fits are uncertain and come as occasion is offered and according to the variety of evident Causes Sometimes they are gentle sometimes violent sometimes though rarely some Signs forewarn the Epileptick person of a Fit before he falls as a dulness of the Head sparkling of Fire before the Eyes Noise in the Ears and the like Sometimes a Convulsion in some outward part as in the Arm or in the Leg or in the Back or in the Hypochondres precedes which rising from thence like a cold Air towards the Head occasions the Fit CVRE You must begin with Purging but if the Sick bear Vomiting well a Vomit must be first given and must be repeated for several months four days before the Full Moon Wine of Squills mixed with fresh Oyl of Sweet Almonds or half a Scruple or a Scruple of Salt of Vitriol may be given to Infants But for grown People and such as are of a strong Constitution the following forms of Medicines may be prescribed Take of Crocus Metallorum or of Mercurius Vitae four or six grains Mercurius dulcis fifteen Grains or a Scruple grind them together upon a Stone mix them with the Pap of a roasted Apple or Conserve of Borrage make a Bolus Or give half an Ounce one Ounce or one Ounce and an half of the infusion of Crocus Metallorum or of Mercurius Vitae made in Spanish Wine according to the Strength of the Sick Or Take of Emetick Tartar four or six grains They that are of a weak Constitution may take a Scruple or half a Dram of Salt of Vitriol and half an hour after let them drink several Pints of Posset-drink and then with a Feather or with the Finger let them provoke themselves to Vomit often The next day after the Vomit unless any thing forbid draw Blood from the Arm or by the Sucking of Leeches from the Hemorrhoidal Veins and the next day after Bleeding give a Purging Medicine which afterwards must be constantly repeated four days before the New Moon Take of Rosin of Jalap half a Scruple of Mercurius dulcis one Scruple of Castor three Grains of Conserve of the Flowers of Peony one Dram make a Bolus to be taken in the Morning Or Take of the Fibres of black Hellebore infused in Vinegar dried and pouder'd half a Dram of Ginger half a Scruple of Salt of Wormwood twelve Grains of Oyl of Ambar two drops make a Pouder give it in the Pulp of a roasted Apple in the Morning Of the days the Sick does not Purge especially at the Seasons of the Moon give Morning and Evening specifick Remedies Take of the Roots of male Peony dried and poudered one two or three Drams give it twice a day in the following tincture at eight in the Morning and at four in the Afternoon Take of the Leaves of Misleto of the Oak two Drams of the Roots of Peony cut half an Ounce of Castor one Dram put them into a Glass and pour upon them of Bettony Water or of simple Peony Water and of White Wine each a Pint of Salt of Misleto of the Oak or of Common Salt two Drams Digest them in a close Vessel in the heat of Sand for two days Give three Ounces with a Dose of the Powder above prescribed At the same time make a Necklace with Peony Roots sliced and hang it about the Neck and the Roots fried or boiled till they are soft may be eat daily with the Meat Take of Man's Skull prepared one Ounce of misleto
known by the signs which shew watry Humours heap'd up in the Brain the Medicines above mentioned must be used Moreover for those who bear Purging well a Vomit or gentle Purge must be prescribed Wine and Oxymel of Squills also Mercurius dulcis Rubarb and Rosin of Jalap are of good use when the cause of the Convulsions seems to be lodged in the Bowels or when Worms or sharp Humours in the Belly are the cause For Worms a Purge of Rubarb or of Mercurius dulcis with the Rosin of Jalap must be given and the following Medicines are also of use Take of the Roots of Virginian Snake-weed powdered one Dram of Coral calcined till it is white half a Dram make a Powder The Dose is half a Scruple or a Scruple twice a day for three days following drinking upon it the Decoction of the Roots of Grass Take of Hiera pitra and of Venice-Treacle each one Dram make a Plaister for the Belly If the Convulsions are thought to proceed from sharp Humours disturbing the Bowels or Stomach Purging upward and downward by turns is to be observed to this end a gentle Vomit of Wine of Squills or Salt of Vitriol is to be given Take of Syrup of Peony three Ounces Salt of Vitriol two Scruples of Compound Lavender-water one Dram mingle them give a Spoonful three or four times in an hour till the Child has once Vomited or went to Stool once But if Evacuation downward seem most proper give the Infusion of Rubarb or the Powder of it or Syrup of Succory with Rubarb or Syrup of Roses with Agarick And moreover Glisters are to be used frequently in this case and External Medicines are to be applied to the Belly Take of the leaves of Camomil cut small two handfuls put them into two Bags made of fine Cloth or of Silk which being dip'd in hot Milk and pressed out are to be applied successively to the Belly CHAP. VI. Of the Night-Mare or Incubus IT is commonly supposed by the ordinary sort of People that this Disease is occasioned by the Devil or an Evil Spirit 's lying upon their Stomachs which perhaps may be so sometimes but it also comes from meer Natural Causes as is supposed though what those are or where the Morbisick Matter is placed is not known when it is thought to come from Natural Causes the Cure is to be undertaken in the following manner Bleeding and gentle Purging is first to be used and afterward things proper for the Head as Powders of Ambar Coral Pearls the Roots of Male-peony Dittany of Crete Contra yerva and other things prescribed in the Chapter of the Apoplexy and the like But an orderly Diet is first to be prescribed windy Meats and such as are hard of Digestion are to be avoided and Sleep must not be indulged after Eating or Study and large and late Suppers and lying on the Back must be forbid Infants and Children are often troubled with this Disease the sign whereof is their starting in their Sleep and crying out violently and after they have had these Fits often they fall into Convulsions wherefore a right Method of Cure ought to be administred as soon as they seem to be disordered in their Sleep Inquiry must be made concerning the Milk they Suck whether it be good or not and whether it agrees with their Stomachs after they have Sucked plentifully they must not be suffered to sleep the Nurse must use an orderly Diet and let her take also Morning and Evening a Dose of a Powder or Electuary that is proper for the Head drinking upon it a Draught of Posset-drink wherein the Leaves of Sage or Bettany or the Roots or Seeds of Peony have been boiled Let the Infant take twice a day a Spoonful of Black-Cherry-water let an Issue be made in the Neck and let it lye sometimes on one side sometimes on the other and seldom or never upon the Back And Coral or the Seeds of Male-peony being hanged about the Neck or upon the Pit of the Stomach may do some good When they start violently often in their Sleep apply a Blister to the Neck or behind the Ears Moreover Morning and Evening daily give half a Scruple of the Powder de Gutteta in a Spoonful of Lime-flower-water CHAP. VI. Of Sleepy Diseases Coma Lethargy Carus and Apoplexy THere are four sorts of Preternatural Sleep Coma Lethargy Carus and Apoplexy which because for the most part they proceed from the same Causes and require the same Methods of Cure therefore they shall be treated of together in this Chapter The first and principal cause of these Diseases is a Flegmatick or Watry Humour contained in the Brain contrary to Nature Secondly Sleepy Diseases are wont to be generated by Blood abounding in the Brain and from extravasated Blood stopping or oppressing the Ventricles of the Brain sleepy Disease and especially an Apoplexy is sometimes occasioned Thirdly It is certain that a Comatose Disease proceeds from a Tumor that oppresses the Brain by its weight Fourthly Immoderate Vapors carried to the Head may be the cause of a Sympathetick Coma. Fifthly From the immoderate use of Narcotick Medicines inwardly taken so deep a Sleep is occasioned that many by the imprudent use of Opium have slept their last That Sleepy Diseases are occasioned by Flegmatick Humours stagnating in the Brain is known by a Flegmatick Habit of Body by old Age or Childhood by a cold or moist Season or Country by the Suppression of the Excretion of Flegm by the Mouth and Nostrils and for that the Sick before the coming of this Disease was afflicted with a Dulness of the Head Dimness of Sight and Unaptness for Motion and because in the Disease Flegm flows from the Mouth and Nostrils or falling upon the Throat is frequently swallowed down by the Sick That Blood produces a sleepy Disease is known by a Plethorick Disposition by Redness of the Face and by a Pain in the Head foregoing this Disease That the Sympathetick Disease arises from Vapors elevated to the Brain is known by the absence of those Signs which signifie an Idiopathetick Disease also by the signs of the peculiar disorder of the Parts from whence Vapors are transmitted to the Brain A very thin Diet is to be ordered at the beginning of these Diseases and when the Fit is off the Sick to prevent a Relapse must forbear all strong Liquors and be fed with Barly and Oat-meal Broths or with Chicken Broth and sometimes especially when he Purges with Chickens Lamb and the like When a Physician is first called to a Patient that is seized with a sleepy Disease he must endeavour by all means to rowse him by offering Violence to all his Senses and therefore he must expose his Eyes to the Sun-beams or to a clear Light his Ears must be filled with violent Noises and Clamours and the Sick must be sure to be called aloud by his own name sharp things are to be blown up his Nostrils the Sense of Touching
day if his Strength will bear it which by casting forth the serous Humour through the Pores of the Body will perform the Cure Take of the decoction of Senna Gerionis four Ounces of Syrup of Buckthorn six Drams of Spirit of Sulphur five Drops of Aqua Mirabilis one Dram mingle them and make a Potion to be taken in the Morning At Bed-time after Purging give the following Pills Take of Pill Storax eight Grains of the Juice of Liquorish half a Scruple make three Pills Repeat the Purging Potion every third day for thrice Of the days the Sick does not Purge let him take of the following Electuary Take of the Conserve of Red Roses vitriolated of the Electuary of Sassafras one Ounce of Frankincense powder'd one Dram of Diacodium a sufficient quantity make an Electuary let him take the quantity of a Nutmeg Morning and Evening drinking upon it three Ounces of the following Decoction Take of the pectoral Decoction one Pint add to it in boiling of Balsam of Tolu three Drams of the Leaves of Ground-Ivy half an handful To the strained Liquor add two Ounces of Diacodium and one Ounce of Spirit of Carraways mingle them Diureticks and Diaphoreticks must be also used Lastly He that would wholly prevent this Disease must be well Cloathed and must remove into a hot and dry Country CHAP. XIII Of the Head-ach HEad-ach in Latin Cephalalgia This word is used for all Pains of the Head in general but properly it only signifies a new Pain of the Head Cephalaea is an inveterate Pain of the Head Hemierania the Pain of one side of the Head It is also divided into external and internal Idiopathick and Sympathick and of these some are pricking others heavy and some beating an inward pain of the Head is seated upon the Meninges which lies deep and reaches to the Roots of the Eyes but the outward pain is seated upon the Pericranium and is exasperated when the Head is prest or the Roots of the Hair turned back An Idiopathick Pain is continual This does not proceed from the disorder of other parts but a Sympatick Pain does What that part is which communicates the pain to the Head may be easily known by the proper Signs of the affected part The pain of the Head proceeds from a cold Cause and from a hot Cause For the Cure of the former the Flegmatick Matter is to be evacuated by the following Pills Take of the Pills of Ambar one Scruple and an half of Cochiae Minor two Scruples and an half of Tartar vitriolated ten Grains of Peruvium Balsam a sufficient quantity mingle them make twelve Pills give six of them once a Week in the Morning The Bath is very effectual in this case the party being bathed and his Head washed with it Sneezing Powder is also very proper Sudorifick Decoctions are also very beneficial in iinveterate pains Take of Sarsa parilla and Gujacum each two Ounces infuse them twenty four hours in two Quarts of Fountain Water upon hot Ashes and boil them over a gentle Fire till half is consumed add to it Coriander Seeds and Liquorish or of Sugar and Cinnamon as much as is sufficient to give an agreeable taste Strain it and keep it in a Glass let him take half a Pint hot in a Morning for fifteen twenty or thirty days and let him have more Cloaths on than ordinary But this is to be noted in the use of Sudorifick decoctions that some Purging Medicine must be given once a Week from the very beginning of the Cure Specifick Remedies should be used and such an one is the following Epithem Take of the Powder of Zedoary one Draw of the Waters of Bettony Vervain and Elder each one Ounce mingle them apply it hot to the pained part with Scarlet Cloth Among the Specificks for the pain of the Head from whatever Cause it arises Vervain is the chief whereof the distilled Water is applied to the Head and taken inwardly to four Ounces with four Drops of Spirit of Salt and Forestus says that he knew two sick People that were Cured by only hanging green Vervain about their Necks when other Medicines were used to no purpose If the pain of the Head proceed from a hot Cause give first a Glyster and then Bleed But a greater quantity of Blood is to be taken away when the Pain proceeds from Blood than when Choler abounds Afterwards some Medicines that Purge Choler must be given not only when Choler is the chief Cause but also when Blood is Luxuriant for the thinner part soon turns to Choler If by one Evacuation the peccant matter is not sufficiently purged the Purging Medicine must be repeated at due distances of time in the whole course of the Disease if the Belly be not fluid Glysters that are emollient cooling and gently Purging are to be injected every day For pains of the Head which come upon continual Feavers Sheeps Lungs taken out hot and applied to the Head do powerfully asswage the Pain Or Take of the Seeds of white Poppies two Drams of Saffron half a Scruple of Camphor one Scruple with a sufficient quantity of Populeon Oyntment spread them upon Leather and apply them to the Forehead And after general Evacuations derivation may be successfully used by Bleeding in the Forehead with a Lancet or with Leeches and by applying Blisters to the Neck In the mean while the Humours must be attemperated by Juleps and Emulsions Lastly If the Pain be very violent we must use Narcoticks outwardly and inwardly In every Pain of the Head from whatever Cause it arises and will not yield to other Remedies the Head must be shaved and a large Blister applied all over it Diseases of the EYES CHAP. XIV Of a Gutta Serena WHen the Sight is lost and there is no apparent fault in the Eye it is occasioned by the hindrance of the influx of the Animal Spirits into the Eyes An Obstruction is the most ordinary cause of a Gutta Serena which is generated by a Flegmatick Humour falling from the Brain into the Optick Nerves But it is also certain that this Disease is occasioned by the compression of the Optick Nerves by Flegm coleated about them or with Blood or some other Matter heap'd up in that place whereby Tumors are made in those places and Experience shews that an inflamation of the Brain or Phrensie in malignant Feavers occasion Blindness Lastly Wounds in the Head whereby the Optick Nerves are cut hinder the influx of the Animal Spirits to the Eyes This Disease is known by the Eyes seeming to continue in their Natural State only the Pupil appears blacker and larger But there is great difficulty in distinguishing the Causes of it for though when it proceeds from Blood or Pus an Inflamation Abscess or Wound go before yet no sure Sign can be given to distinguish a compression by a Flegmatick Humour from an Obstruction Yet we may in some sort guess because in an Obstruction only of the
commends the following Collyrium very much Take of the Juice of Fennel four ounces of the Juice of Celandine three ounces of the Juice of Rue two ounces of the Juice of Mallows two ounces and an half of Aloes one dram of Vitriol two scruple of Verdigrease one scruple of Ginger and Cinnamon half a scruple of the Gall of an Eele of Ox Gall or Hogs Gall two drams of Sugar-Candy two scruples boil the Juices add the rest and clarifie them so make a Collyrium But before and after the use of these things the Eye must be fomented with an emollient Decoction But if it cannot be cured by Topical Remedies you must proceed to Chirurgical Operation the manner whereof is describ'd by Celsus and others Of Diseases of the EARS CHAP. XXXII Of Deafness and Difficulty of Hearing WE treat of Deafness and Difficulty of Hearing in the same Chapter because they proceed from the same Causes and differ only in degree They are either occasioned by Diseases of the Head or by a fault in the Ears A Cold Intemperies of the Brain repletion or weakness or any other Disorder especially in that Part from whence the Nerves of Hearing arise may occasion Deafness of Difficulty of Hearing The fault of the Ear may be in the inward or outward part of it In the outward Cavity a perfect or imperfect Stoppage by reason of a Tumor Abscess Blood Matter Flegm or other things from within or without may occasion a difficulty of Hearing But it is to be noted that though the outward Cavity be quite stopped yet perfect Deafness will not follow for sounds can pass through the Mouth to the Ears for there is an open Passage from the Pallate to the inward Cavity of the Ears which serves for the cleansing the Ears aad those that are Deaf are wont to open their Mouths that they may hear the better And if Travelling by Night you put one end of your Stick or the point of your Sword betwixt your Teeth and the other end on the Ground you will easier hear a noise from a far and Footsteps of those that follow you In the inward part of the Ear Humours collected in the inward Cavity flowing principally from the Head most commonly Flegmatick but sometimes Cholerick occasion Deafness or Difficulty of Hearing But these Humours are sometimes transmitted to the Ears from the whole Body as in continual Fevers especially when they are malignant but it also proceeds from an ill Conformation of the Organs of Hearing as when the Tympanum is relaxed by a violent noise or from moisture And for this reason very many deaf People hear worst in a Southerly Constitution because the Membrane is relaxed by the moisture of the Air But sometimes the Tympanum is stretched and dried too much as after acute Diseases Watching or Fasting and sometimes it is broke by violent Motions or corroded by Matter But sometimes Matter and Blood flow from the Ear in great Concussions without any injury to the Hearing when they break out betwixt the Bone and the Membrane or if other Parts of the Ear are disordered from the Birth or by reason of some external Cause as from a Fall a Blow or the like Lastly a cold Intemperies occasioned by cold Air or cold Water falling into Ear or the immoderate use of Narcoticks or of other Medicines may occasion this Disease To distinguish particularly all those Causes by their Signs is very difficult yet they may be guest at in the following manner If Deafness happen by reason of a Disease in the Headâ— some other Senses are also hurt or some peculiar Disease appears in the Brain as pain or dulness of the Head Apoplexy Lethargy or the like The Stoppage of the outward Cavities of the Ears may be perceived by the Eyes if by the Sun you look into the Cavities for then you may see whether it be a Tumour or gross Matter or any other Heterogeneous Substance and then you may know by the relation of the Patient whether any thing is fall'n into the Ear. But if the inward Cavity be filled with some Humour we may reasonably suppose it is Flegm if a Flegmatick Fluxion troubled the Sick before or if he has been frequently subject to such Fluxions But if a Cholerick Humour occasions this Disease a Cholerlck Fever afflicts the Sick or went before and it is also accompanied with violent Pain if it proceed from Blood the Pain is heavy and Blood abounds in the whole Body The looseness and moisture of the Tympanum is known by moist Causes going before and by a moist Intemperies seizing some other Part for it can scarce be imagined that moisture should only seize this part Too much driness or tensity of Tympanum may be known by the driness of the whole Body and drying Causes going before We may also guess at the Rupture or Errosion of the Drum if the violent corroding and tearing Causes above-mentioned went before As to the Prognosticks of this Disease Deafness from the Birth or which has continu'd a long while and is absolute is incurable And that which is not absolute but of a long standing is seldom or never cured That Deafness which proceeds from Choler or Blood in acute and continual Fevers commonly goes off when the Fever ceases Difficulty of Hearing if it be not soon cured degenerates into a perfect Deafness if the Drum be broke and if a Cicatrix be left upon it the Deafness is incurable That Deafness which encreases and decreases by intervals is curable As to the Cure That Deafness which proceeds from a Disease of the Head requires no other Cure than what is requisite for the Cure of the said Disease that which arises from a Tumour that is hard and inveterate is incurable But if it be hot and inflamed the Cure of it is proposed in the Chapter of Pains of the Ears But if it proceed from Matter collected in the Ear see the Chapter of the things that come preternaturally from the Ear. If it proceed from driness it must be cured by a moistning Diet by long Sleep and by washing the Head with warm Water and dropping moistning things into the Ear as Oil of sweet Almonds and the like If it proceed from any thing dropp'd into the Ear that must be forthwith wash'd out shook out or extracted and if some little Animal has crept into the Ear it must either be allur'd out or kill'd The Ears are wash'd by pouring in such things as moisten smoothen and dilate them as Milk Oil of sweet Almonds or some mollifying or loosning Decoction Things are shook out of the Ears by Sneezing It is also good in this case to bend the Ear downwards and to hop upon the Leg of the same side for by this means Boys shake Water out of their Ears when they have been swimming But if those things do not succeed you must endeavour to extract it by carefully putting an Ear Pitcher beyond it or with a pair of Forceps
fitted for the purpose But if this does not succeed you must endeavour to break them and afterwards wash them out and to this purpose a Probe with Cotton on the end of it and dipp'd in Turpentine or the like is put into the Ear to clear the Passage and if any of the clammy Matter remains behind it may be cleared by an Ear-Picker Some cut a Quill and put one end into the Ear and endeavour to suck out what is in it Animals are allur'd out of the Ear by putting such things to it as are pleasing to them as a Spunge dipp'd in Milk and Sugar or the Pulp of a sweet Apple or Lard wherewith little Worms are much pleased and soon come out of the Ear if it be turned to the Sun If a Leecâ— happen to get into the Ears it may be enticed out by putting Blood to the Ear Gnats may be drawn out by putting Dogs Hairs into the Ears but if you cann't get them out alive 't is best to kill them because then they will not disturb the Ear so much and may be easier drawn out they may be kill'd by dropping Spittle or Urine into the Ear. But bitter things kill them soonest as the Juice of Wormwood a Decoction of Aloes or any Gauls sharp things do also the same as Vinegar the Juice of Onions and the like But because a cold Intemperies is the most frequent cause of Deafness rhe Cure must be chiefly directed to the amendment of it wherefore an attenuating drying and moderately heating course of Diet being ordered as is prescribed for the Gutta Serena and Southerly Winds being avoided as much as possible and the Ears defended from them Vaporous Aliments must be avoided especially Garlick and Onions which are very injurious to the Hearing and also those that generate gross and flegmatick Humours these things I say being first observed general Evacuation must be entered upon by Head Purges Bleeding must be also used if there be an indication for it and if the Disease be obstinate a Sudorifick Diet afterwards particular Remedies that cause a Revulsion of the Humours as Blisters Issues Sneesing Powders Masticatories Apophlegmatisms but especially Masticatories But Sulphureous and Bitumenous Baths are peculiarly proper for the Cure of this Disease the Body being bathed and the Head washed with them afterwards topical Remedies are to be applied to discuss the Matter in the Ear. Take of the Leaves of wild Marjoram Wormwood Penny-royal wild Thym Sage Mint the lesser Centaury Mallows Marsh-mallows each one handful of the Flowers of Camomil Melilot Stechas and Rosemary each one pugil of Cinnamon and Cloves each half an ounce boil them in equal parts of Fountain-water and White Wine added towards the end Strain it and foment the Ear with it hot with a Spunge Morning and Evening and the Vapour of the Decoction may be received into the Ear through a Tunel It certainly does much good by passing into the innermost Parts of the Ear. Instead of the Fomentation Bread made up with Carraway-seeds cut and applied hot from the Oven may be used or common Bread just taken out of the Oven the under Crust being cut off dipp'd in Spirit of Wine and applied as hot to the Ear as can be born is also of good use But the Bread will be more effectual if with the common Flower the Seeds of Carraways Juniperberries Bayberries and Nutmegs are mixed with it If you 'll have a stronger Decoction you may add of the Pulp of Coloquintida or of the Roots of white Hellebore each one dram After fomentation some Liquor must be instilled into the Ear and afterwards you may stop it with Cotton perfum'd with Musk. Take of Oil of bitter Almonds and of Rue each one ounce mingle them and pour it hot into the Ear. Or Take of Oil of Castor and white Lillies each one ounce of Oil of Dill half an ounce of white Hellebore half a dram of Aqua Vitae one ounce boil them in a Bath till all the Aqua Vitae is evaporated Strain it for the use above-mentioned Chymical Oils are are very effectual as of Marjoram Rosemary Sage Fennel Spike Cloves but because they are very strong they must not be used alone but they are to be mixed in a small quantity with the foregoing Oils half a dram of them may be sufficient to be mixed with two ounces of the foresaid Oils The Water that drops out of an Ash-stick when it is burning is much commended for Deafness when it proceeds from a hot Cause The Fat of an Eel is much in use it is gathered from the Water wherein a Fat Eel is boil'd being Scum'd off with a Bay-leas and dropp'd hot into the Ear. In applying topical Remedies this must be always observed viz. that they are applied warm or hot and what hath been used before must be taken out of the Ear before other things are dropp'd in and when any thing has been dropp'd in the Ear must be stopp'd with Cotton perfum'd with Musk which of it self is very good for Deafness CHAP. XXXIII Of Noise in the Ears THE Sense of Hearing is obstructed by a Noise in the Ears for as the Eye ought to be void of Colour that it may rightly perceive all the Colours of Objects For if it be preternaturally affected with any Colour as in the Jaundice the Sight must be necessarily depraved so the Ear should have no sound in it that it be able to receive all Sounds that come from abroad for if any Sound is preternaturally in the Ear it hinders Hearing This Noise in the Ear proceeds from a preternatural Commotion of the inbred Air for though this inbred Air moves naturally yet no noise is heard from its Motion unless we stop the Ear with the hand or with some such thing The Causes of this extraordinary Motion are Vapours Wind or Spirits transmitted to the Ear from other Parts or bred in it if it be brought from other Parts it proceeds either from the whole Body or some peculiar Part. It flows from the whole Body in Fevers and this Sound in the Ear comes from a windy Spirit conveyed through the Arteries from the whole Body to the Ears But it most frequently happens at the beginning of Fits and just before a Crisis by a Bleeding at the Nose Wind is also elevated to the Ears from some peculiar Part viz. from the Stomach Liver Spleen Mesentery Womb and from some other Parts upon which account inviolent Vomiting Hypochondriack Melancholy and Mother-Fits there is frequently a Noise in the Ears It is also occasioned by windy Spirits flowing from the Head that arise from Cold and Flegmatick Humours Wind is also generated in the Ear by Flegmatick Matter contain'd there Upon which account difficulty of Hearing is commonly accompanied with a Noise in the Ear for the Obstruction is occasioned by Humours Other Causes occasioning this Noise in the Ears are Ulcers a hot Intemperies Weakness exquisite Sense a violent shaking in the Head and
is very hardly cured and there is Danger least it should turn to a Cancer That which is seated below or in the Middle of the Nostrils is easier cured than that which grows at the Root of the Nose because Medicines can scarce reach thither Both of them are to be cured the same Way viz. The superfluous Flesh must be taken off But first the antecedent Cause must be removed which is a Flegmatick Humour falling from the Head To this End an attenuating Course of Diet must be ordered and universal Evacuations Revulsion and Derivation Afterwards the superfluous Flesh must be taken off either by a caustick or by an Instrument and the Ulcer remaining must be cicatrized But at the Beginning when the Disease is fresh it is sometimes cured by astringent and very drying Medicines and such gentle Means are always to be used before you proceed to greater Take of unripe Grapes three Pounds of the Bark of Pomegranate of Balaustins and Sumach each two Pounds infuse them in Vinegar and distil them then add of Allum a Pound of Vitriol three Ounces distil them all again and touch the inward parts of the Nostrils frequently with the Water If this is not sufficient more powerful things must be used and you must add Sandarach and Orpiment to the foregoing Water or the Polypus must be frequently touched with Spirit of Vitriol tempered with Plantane Water But red Precipitat often washed is reckoned the best Medicine It may be mixt with Honey of Roses and applyed with a Tent dipt in it Plaisters are also used in this Case Take of Verdigrease Orpiment Vitriol Crude-alum each one Ounce and an half of Antimony six Drams infuse them in Vinegar and then powder them very fine when they are dry infuse them and powder them eight Times more then lastly infuse them in Plantane Water and dry them afterwards take of Oyl of Roses four Ounces of Thithargo two ounces mix them and boyl them and towards the End two Ounces of the foresaid Powder boyl it to a sticking Plaister and make Tents of it to be put up the Nostrils Note That before the Use of Causticks the Nostrils must be defended by Galen's cooling Oyntment or with Populeum or with the White of an Egg mixt with the Oyl of Roses or the like Secondly you must take Notice that caustick Medicines must be conveyed through a Silver Pipe which must incompass the Polypus so that the Medicine may work and not touch the Nostrils Thirdly you must take Notice that such Medicines must be used when the Moon is waneing for then the Tumour is much diminished and so the Medicine may the easier reach the Root of it Lastly if it cannot be cured by Medicines you must proceed to Chirurgical Operation which is described by Cornelius Celsus and by late Authors CHAP. XXXVIII Of the Loss of Smelling and other Faults of it SMelling as all the other Actions of the Body is hurt three Ways it is either diminished abolished or depraved The Cause of Smelling diminished and abolished are the same they only differ in Degree they are Intemperies Obstruction and Compression A cold and moist intemperies joyned with Flegmatick Matter lessens Smelling or quite abolishes it upon which Account in a Catarrh and Coryza the Sense of Smelling is frequently lessened or wholly destroyed Obstruction is occasioned by a Flegmatick Humour which stops the Passages of the Nostrils and the Pores of the Mamillary Processes so that Smells cannot come to them it may also be occasioned by a Sarcoma Polypus or any thing else that stops the Passages of the Nostrils A Compression also sometimes may happen from a Flegmatick Humour collected in the fore part of the Brain compressing the Mamillary Processes as happens in Diminution of the Sight by compressing of the Optick Nerves It also may happen from a natural Defect in the Confirmation of the Nostrils as when the Nostrils are so narrow and low that there is not a free Passage The Cause of depraved smelling is a bad Savour continually striking upon the Nostrils which either proceeds from an Ulcer of the Nostrils or from putrid Flegm gathered together about the Nostrils or the Os Ethmoides For that Flegm that putrifies in the Sense of Smelling or near it betwixt the Coats of the Brain does not affect the Sense it self nor those that labour under it but any one that sits near them will easily find it out for nothing can be smelt but what is carried to the Sense from some other Place A nasty and stinking Vapour may be carried to the Processus Mamillares from other Parts as from the Stomach Gums and the Brain it self that spoil the Sense of Smelling so that all Savours are thought to be such even as the Tongue being disordered by bitter Choler tasts all things bitter Any of these Causes are easily known a cold Intemperies and Abundance of Flegm are known by a cold and moist Intemperies of the Brain and a slimy Flegm dropping from the Head An Obstruction if it be occasioned by Flegm is known by the same Signs If it proceeds from a Sarcoma or a Polypus the Diagnostick is to be taken from their proper Chapters The Place wherein the Matter causing the Obstruction resides is known from this If it sticks in the Passages of the Nostrils there is a Defect of the Speech because the Nostrils do greatly contribute to the forming of Words But if the Matter stick in the fore part of the Brain or the Mamillary Passages the Speech will be perfect You may know by the peculiar Diseases of each Part from whence the ill Scent arises that offends the Organ of Smelling As to the Prognostick Smelling if it be lately lost or if it arises from a simple Coriza may be easily cured The cure must be varied according to the Variety of the Causes if it arise from a cold Intemperies those things are proper which are used for a cold Catarrh But to open an Obstruction occasioned by Flegm thrust into the Passages of the Nostrils or into the Mamillary Processes such Remedies are to be used as purge those Parts viz. Errhins Sneazing-Powders and Apoplegmatisms Lastly If the Nostrils are obstructed by a Sarcoma or Polypus it must be cured by the removing of them CHAP. XXXIX Of an ill Scent in the Nostrils AN ill Scent in the Nostrils and a stinking Breath are very different for that comes wholly from the Nostrils but this from various Parts viz. From the Stomach Lungs Gums or from Ulcers in the Jaws which are either apparent to Sense or may be known by their proper Signs But an ill Scent in the Nose is occasioned by putrid Vapours arising either from the Nostrils as in an Ozena a Sarcoma or Polypus or from Air transmitted to the Nostrils from putrid Humours contained in the Brain and in rhe fore Part of it or about the Mamillary Processes or Os Cribrasum But Flegmatick Humours putrifie in the said Parts when they are retained in
that it cannot move readily also too much Dryness hinders Speech which happens in Feavers but Organick Diseases are magnitude increased as was said before of Tumours which hinders the free Motion of the Tongue the Figure of it faulty as when the Tongue is naturally too short or when the Top of it is cut off or when the Bridle is too strait and an Obstruction of the Nerves of the seventh Pair which are brought to the Muscles that move the Tongue Lastly Common Diseases are a Solution of the Continuum and Wounds of the Part. Too great a Moisture of the Tongue causes Stammering and such so affected cannot pronounce the Letter R and it is either native as in Children who by reason of too great Moisture are troubled with it and are freed from it in Progress of Time whereby the Superfluous Moisture is consumed But in some it remains all their Life long and they always Stammer But in some Stammering is accedental and comes from a Catarrh and from a great Fluxion of a Flegmatick Humour falling upon the Jaws or Tongue and is cured by Evacuation Revulsion and Derivation and by strengthning and drying the Head The Cure of a Palsie of the Tongue is performed by taking off the antecedent Cause viz. The Humour abounding in the Brain and by discussing the Conjunct Cause viz. the Humour thrust into the Nerves moving the Tongue And first Purging must be ordered and Bleeding must be used if Blood abound and such a Quantity must be taken away as is agreeable to the Age and Strength of the Patient afterwards Cephalick things must be used and if the Diseases be obstinate a Sudorifick Diet-drink After universal Evacuations Derivation of the Morbifick Matter must be made by Cupping-glasses and Blisters applied to the Neck and by an Issue in the hinder part of the Head Avicen applies a Cupping-glass to the Chin which is also approved of by late Authors Bleeding under the Tongue is also used successfully after general Evacuations and to discuss the Humour the following Gargarism is frequently used Take of the Roots of Florentine-orris half an ounce of the Leaves of wild Marjoram Sage Staechas Rosemary each half an handful of Cubebs three drams of Liquorish one ounce boil them in equal Parts of Water and Whitewine added towards the end to one Pint strain it and dissolve in it two ounces of Oxymel of Squils mlke a Gargarism But if it be not strong enough to do the business two or three drams of the Roots of Pellitory of Spain or the like quantity of Mustard-seed may be added to it Castor also may be added if it be not too unpleasing The Juice of Sage is much commended the Tongue being rub'd with it you may also add Mustard-seed to it The following Pills may be also held frequently upon the Tongue Take of the Juice of Bettony and Liquorish each one dram and an half of Castor and Assa-faetida each half a dram of Nutmeg and Spicknard each one scruple make them up into small Pills with Honey Fumes and Powders sprinkled into the Hair and the like must be used to strengthen the Brain and to discuss the Relicts of the Flegmatick Humour And lastly To hinder the Growth of new Matter which the Intemperies of the Brain is wont to cause after general and particular Evacuations things that strengthen the Head must be used Of Diseases of the Gums Teeth Jaws Uvula and Larynx CHAP. XLVII Of Pains of the Teeth THe Pain of the Teeth is occasioned by the Influx of Humours which are either Cold Flegmatick Hot Serous Salt or Acrid Worms also bred in rotten Teeth occasions Pain and some think that the Pain proceeds sometimes from Wind. The External and Procatarctick Causes occasioning Pain in the Teeth are all those things which promote Fluxion of Humours the chief whereof are cold Air or Southerly Winds standing long in the Heat of the Sun or abroad in the Night surfetting and all Errors in Diet. To these add Rottenness of the Teeth which weakens them and renders them more apt to receive Fluxions The Diversity of the Causes may be known by various Signs when the Pain arises from hot Humours it is very violent the Constitution hot the Age flourishing it is Summer there is great Heat in the Part and often an Inflammation of the Gums cooling Medicines give Ease hot increase the Pain But if the Pain arise from cold Humours Signs contrary to these appear If Worms are the Cause the Pain is by Intervals and the Motion of the Worm is sometimes perceived in the Part. Pain is likewise produced by a Flatuous Spirit which appears by the vehemency and tearing Pain which is felt in the Part and which goes off in a little time and is easily cured by applying discutient Remedies to the place The Prognostick is various according to the Variety of the Causes A Pain which is occasioned by a hot thin or sharp acrid and salt Humour is the more vehement indeed but sooner goes off by reason of the sudden Changes of the Humours that which proceeds from a cold and Flegmatick Humour is more gentle but of longer Duration A Tumour arising in the Gums or Jaws eases the Pain of the Teeth by reason that the Fluxion is carried to the exterior Parts so that it falls no more upon the Cavity of the Teeth As to the Cure the Cause of the Pain must be taken away and the Pain it self mitigated And although Anodyns have no great Effect unless the Fluxion be taken off yet it is often so violent that it must not only be mitigated with Anodyns properly so called but also with Narcoticks before the Cause be removed Therefore the Humour which flows to the Teeth must be drawn back evacuated and repelled that which is already flown in must be discussed and carried off by Derivation First therefore If the Pain arise from hot Humours Bleeding must be used in the Arm of the same Side whereby a Revulsion of the Humour may be made but if the Pain proceeds from cold Humours Bleeding is not so proper but by reason of the Fluxion it may be used because it principally makes Revulsion but a small quantity of Blood must be taken away unless the Signs of a Plethora appear for in that case large Bleeding may be allowed which is the best means to ease the Pain in the Teeth and all other Pains The next Day some purging Medicine must be given that is proper for the peccant Humour afterwards if the Pain continues Cupping-glasses with Scarification must be applied to the Shoulders or a large Cupping-glass without Scarification a Blister may be applied to the Neck or behind the Ears for it draws powerfully the Humours backward And to stop the Flux Astringents are properly applied to the Temples such are the Plaisters of Gum-elemi of Mastich alone or ad Herniam The fresh Roots of Comfrey bruised and applied to the Temples are excellent for stopping of Fluxion also the Powder
of Allum and Galls made into a Plaister with Pitch are very effectual Riverius chief Physician to Henry the Great kept the following Plaister as a great Secret Take of Pine-nuts and red Roses of the Seeds of Cresses torrified of Mastich and seal'd Earth each one dram and an half infuse them in Rose Vinegar twenty four Hours afterwards dry them and add of Opium dissolved in Aqua Vitae three ounces of Ship Pitch and Colophony each one Ounce of Yellow Wax melted in the Oyls of Henbane and white Poppies by Expression a sufficient quantity make a Plaister which must be applied to the Arteries and pained Part. Medicines also are put into the Ears for Pain in the Teeth because the Arteries which nourish the Teeth do pass by the Ears upon that account Oyl of bitter Almonds is put into the Ear next to the Tooth affected also a Suffumigation of Vinegar in which Penyroyal or wild Marjoram hath been boiled is often used Vinegar is also dropt into the Ear by which the Fluxion is powerfully stopped and it is most effectual in a hot Fluxion But in a hot Fluxion Juice of Garlick mixed with Venice Treacle and dropt warm into the Ear mitigates the Pain powerfully Also the Root of Garlick the Bark being taken off and made in the form of a Suppository and put into the Ear produces the same Effect Astringents are also applied in the beginning of the Fluxion and they ought to be cold if the Matter be hot but if it be cold hot Medicines mixed with those that are repelling are to be used in whatever Cause if the Pain be violent Anodyns are to be mixed with Discutients To which Purpose the following Medicine may be prescribed Take of the Roots of Cinquefoil Bistort Tormentill each one dram of the Leaves of Vervain Plantain and Mullein each one handful Cypress-nuts Galls and Cups of Acrons each two drams of red Sanders a dram and an half of red Roses and Balaustines each one pugil boil them in astringent Wine and Vinegar fomeriâ— the pained Part with this Decoction frequently This Decoction may be used in the beginning of a hot Fluxion in a cold one you may add the Roots of Cyperus the Bark of Box-wood Ivy-leaves and the like A more Simple Medicine may be prepared of Plantain and Rose Water with a little Vinegar after the manner of an Oxycrat Or the Teeth must be washed with a Decoction of Galls in Vinegar Or Take of Cinquefoil-roots half an ounce of Willow-leaves half an handful boil them in astringent Wine and wash the Mouth with the Decoction This Decoction stops the Fluxion and eases Pain After that these Remedies have been used which mitigate the Pain and discuss the Cause of it of which there are a great Number proposed by Authors and also by the common People We shall in the next Place propose those that are more effectual of the which such Choice is to be made that these which not only resolve and discuss but also stop the Flux being mixed with astringents in the beginning and increase of the Disease those which only discuss in the Height and Declination Take of the Juice of House-leek and Night-shade each two ounces of Cow or Sheeps-milk eight ounces Oyl of Roses Omphacin one ounce and an half of OpiUm and Saffron each three grains mix them and apply a Rag dipt in the Liquor warm often to the Jaws where the pained Tooth is Or Take of the Pap of sweet Apples boiled two ounces of Braâ— infused in Vinegar three ounces Oyl of Roses Omphacin one Dram Saffron half a scruple of Opium two grains mix them and make a Cataplasm to be applied to the part affected Or Take of wheaten and Bean-flower each three ounces of Oyl of Roses compleat and of sweet Almonds each half an ounce of the Juice of the greater House-leek an ounce and an half of Milk a sufficient quantity make a Cataplasm to be often applied warm to the Part affected Or Take the Whites of two Eggs beat them with Rose-water with Rags whereon two drams of Pepper powdered has been sprinkled apply them over the whole Cheek affected Nevertheless it is carefully to be noted that Astringents be not applied to the Jaws if they be tumified least the Humour be repelled back and should suffocate the Patient Cotton dipt in Oyl of Cloves and put into the Hollow Tooth is frequently used to ease the Pain Oyl of Box also does the same But if the Pain be so violent that it cannot be quelled with the foresaid Remedies we must use Narcoticks which may be applied to the pained Tooth but they most certainly give Ease being taken inwardly you may give three or four grains of the London Laudanum it gives ease and stops the Fluxion Take of Opium Mirrh and Labdanum each one Dram powder them and boil them in Whitewine to the Consistance of a Liniment mix Cotton with it and stop the Hollow Tooth If Worms are in the Teeth they must be killed by bitter things Take of Aloes one Dram of Champhor ten Grains of Aqua Vitae half a dram mingle them and apply them to the Teeth with Cotton It is to be noted that there is seldom a Pain in the Teeth unless they are Hollow and untill they are eaten through to the Nerve wherefore that the Pain may be taken off the Nerve must be burnt either with an actual Cautery or with Aqua fortis or Oyl of vitriol put into the Cavity But if notwithstanding all these means the Pain continues the Tooth must be drawn but care must be taken that the Tooth be not drawn when the Fluxion rushes violently upon it or when the Headach accompanies it or the Gums are swelled and when the Pain is violent and the Tooth-drawer must be admonished that he does not pluck it out violently at once least a concussion of the Brain shou'd follow or the breaking of the Jaw-bone upon which violent Bleeding a Feaver and sometimes Death comes As soon as the Tooth is drawn the Part from whence it is taken must be pressed on every side that it may be restored to its natural State afterwards let the Sick wash his Mouth with warm Oxycrat and let him be careful least he catch cold whereby a new Fluxion may fall upon other Teeth But if Blood flow so much as that it can scarce be stopt which sometimes happens though the Jaw be not broken by reason of a Vein or Artery torn This Flux of Blood is most commonly stopt by applying Lint rolled up hard and pressing it hard down an hour or two with the Fingers But if this does not succeed burnt Vitriol must be applyed and a Rag dipt in Vinegar over it which also must be pressed down with the Finger till it be crusted The last Remedy is an actual Cautery which presently stops the Blood But if any timerous Person cannot bare the drawing of a Tooth but desires to have it extracted by Remedies Those things are to
and Marjoram Garden-rue and of the Herb called Basilicon and of the Tops of the lesser Centaury each half a handful of Bay-berries three drams of the Seeds of Angelica Lovage and Annise each half an ounce of Ginger Nutmegs and Mace each one dram and an half of Cinnamon six drams of Cloves and the Bark of Oranges each one dram cut them and powder them grosly and pour upon them twenty quarts of Maligo Wine digest them two days in a Bath then distil them till they are dry pour all again upon the Ingredients and distil off three Fourths CHAP. LXV Of the Hickops THe Hickops are a Convulsive Motion of the Stomach The Matter occasioning the Hickops is either collected in the Stomach or communicated to it from the Liver Spleen Bowels or other Parts or from the whole Body so sharp Meats or Medicines sharp Humours or Worms contained in the Stomach may occasion an Idiophathick Hickop But a Sympathick is occasioned by Inflammations of the neighbouring Parts or from Humours or sharp Vapours transferred to the Stomach from Diseases of the whole Body as in acute and malignant Feavers The Signs of the Causes must be thus distinguished If it be Idiopathick it is more continual and Signs of Humours contained in the Stomach appear and then it is cured by Vomiting The Peccant Humour collected in the Stomach may be known by Vomiting Belching a Taste in the Mouth and other Signs If it proceed from a Disease of any other Part the Signs of it must be sought for in the proper Chapters As to the Prognostick that Hickop from any Procatarctick cause as from Meat Drink or Cold is not dangerous and also that which precedes a critical Vomiting If it happen in a Feaver it shews that the Disease is very dangerous A Hickop coming after Vomiting is also dangerous The Cure of this Disease is to be directed to the Causes of it which as is said before produce this Disease Sympathically or Idiopathically the Causes that occasion a Sympathick Hickop are the Diseases of other Parts which being cured the Hickop is also taken off though those Remedies which are proper to remove the Symptom may be used in the mean while An Idiopathick Hickop is occasioned by Flegm Wind Choler or any other acrid or malignant Humour That which is occasioned by a Flegmatick Humour must be cured by Remedies that incide purge and cleanse that Humour and that strengthen the Stomach to which may be added the following Medicines which are peculiarly proper for the Symptom Take of Tincture of Castor one dram of the Juice of Mint four ounces Let the Sick take a spoonful or two at a time and let his Stomach be anointed with it hot twice or thrice a day Vinegar of Squills may be taken frequently to incide and dissolve the Matter impacted into the Tunicks of the Stomach or instead of it Oxymel of Squills Cloves also held frequently in the Mouth do good also Elixir Proprietatis described by Crollius is good Take of the Seeds of Dill two or three drams boil them gently in eight ounces of good Wine Let the Sick takâ— two Spoonfuls Morning and Evening The Seed also tied up in a Rag may be held to the Nostrils frequently when the Disease is obstinate the following Pills are very effectual Take of Castor and Mirrh each three drams of Sal-gemma half an ounce of Diagridium and Mastich each one dram of the fresh Troches of Agarick three drams of choice Aloes the Weight of all mix them with the Juice of Mint and make a Mass Of each dram make six Pills gild them let the Sick take two or three in a Morning two hours before Meat twice a Week Pills also made of the Powder of Hiera with Oxymel are also good whereof a dram may be taken at a time Of the days the Sick does not Purge let him take the following Powder Take of the Seeds of Dill half an ounce of Zedoary and of Woo◠〈◊〉 Aloes of Nutmegs Cloves and of the Powder of Dâ—â—mbra each one dram mix them let him take two scruples with a little good Wine or adding three ounces of common Salt let him use of it with his Meat Let the following Cataplasm be applied to his Stomach Take of the Roots of long Birth-wort of Florentine-orris of Bayberries of the Leaves of Rue and dried Mint each three drams of Castor and Mirrh each two drams of Cloves and Hyposistis each six drams with Honey of Rosemary-flowers make a Cataplasm Lastly when the Disease is very obstinate we must use a Decoction of Guajacum and the Bath-water That which prooceeds from Wind must be cured by Remedies that are proper to expel Wind Let Cupping-glasses be applied to the Region of the Stomach which like a Miracle mitigate and take off suddenly flatulent Diseases of the Lower-belly That which proceeds from an acrid and cholerick Humour must be cured by Bleeding if there be a Plethora and by Vomiting or by Purging every third day Take of choice Rhubarb powdered and moistened with Endive-water half an ounce of the Pulp of Tamarinds two drams of the Seeds of Endive Purslain and Spodium each one dram of Yellow Sanders and of Diagridium each half a dram with Syrup of Lemons make a Mass for Pills of half a dram make four or five Pills to be taken in the Morning Of other Days let him take the Conserve of Roses and Borrage mixed with a little of the Powder of the three Sanders Emulsions of the cold Seeds attemperate powerfully the Acrimony of the Humours Syrup of Apples mixed with Syrup of Quinces is also good hot or cold Water or a Ptisan is also to be drank freely of Foment the Stomach with a Spunge dipt in Rose-vinegar and apply the following Plaister to the Back and Stomach Take of the Ceratum Santalinum and of Ointment of Roses each one ounce of Mastich half an ounce of the Bark of Citron and of the Flesh of Quinces each one dram with the Juice of Housleek and with a little Turpentine make Plaisters If there be a Suspicion of a malignant Quality Treacle or some other Alexipharmick must be prescribed and the Region of the Stomach must be anointed with the Oyl of Scorpions But from whatsoever Cause the Hickops arise the following Medicines are to be used First The Peccant Humour must be evacuated by Vomit if the Sick can bear it and it must be repeated if the Disease be lessened by it but not quite taken away and strong Vomits must be given if the Case so require as Platerus teaches in his Practice whereof he mentions an Observation in these Words A Surgeon was seized with the Hickops and they were so continual Night and Day that he cou'd not sleep nor scarce speak or eat being extreamly weakned by them he earnestly desired we should give him a strong Chimical Vomit which being taken he cast up a vast Quantity of green and black Choler the Vomiting stopt and he recovered But if the
Pain is a Solution of the Continuum occasioned by things that bite and distend and those things that chiefly and most frequently bite and distend the Stomach are Humours or Wind whereunto may be added Worms velicating the Tunicks of the Stomach Acrid and Malignant Humours as green or Black Choler salt Flegm corrupt Ichor Stinking Matter coming from an Abscess of the Liver or Breast broken and poured upon the Stomach and all other Acrimonious Humours may occasion a Pain of the Stomach Also acid Vapours arising from the said Humours may occasion the same Pain Wind also contained in the Cavity of the Stomach may occasion Inflation and a painful Tension but especially when it is contained within the Tunicks of the Stomach which makes the Disease obstinate because it can be hardly discussed Diseases also of the Stomach and of the neighbouring Parts are wont to occasion this Pain as a hot or cold Intemperies Inflammation Schirrhus or any other hard Tumour occasioning a heavy Pain And lastly Wounds and Ulcers of the Part and Tumours and Inflations of the Neighbouring Parts by pressing the Stomach may occasion Pain But Humours and Wind that occasion the Pain of the Stomach are either generated in the Stomach or flow from the whole Body or some Parts of it from the whole Body in Feavers or when the Body is full of ill Humours from other Parts but especially from the Liver Spleen and Brain from the Liver flows Choler from the Spleen Melancholly and black Choler from the Head salt Flegm Also from other extraordinary and rare Causes such a Pain may arise as from Stones generated in the Stomach and the like Fabritius Hildanus relates that a Matron having swallowed a piece of the Rine of Bacon kept it in her Stomach two Years and was afflicted with continual Pain and at length by taking a Vomit she cast it up and was cured External causes occasioning this Disease are either Meats infected with an ill Quality or indued with a great deal of Acrimony which are sufficient of themselves to occasion such a Pain or they are apt to generate Winds or taken in too great a quantity they putrifie and become Acrimonious or they are too hot Or strong and acrid Medicines or such as are indued with a destructive Faculty may occasion the Pain or when they are taken in too great a quantity or not being well corrected and Poisons may also occasion the same Pain The Diagnostick Signs are to be directed to the Part affected and to the cause and first the Situation of the Pain shews that the upper Orifice of the Stomach is affected when it is perceived under the Xiphoid Cartilage but the violence of the Pain occasioned by the exquisite sense of the Part shews more certainly that this Part is affected and that it is a true Cardialgia so do the Anxiety and Restlesness so that the Sick cannot abide in one Posture there is also Fainting and Swooning by Reason of the Consent of the Heart wherewith there is a great Sympathy not only by Reason of the Nearness but because there is a great Loss of Spirits by the violence of the Pain sometimes also the Brain is affected by Sympathy by reason of the great Nerve that is implanted in this Part and because acrid Vapours are elevated to the Head from the Stomach upon which account Head-achs Giddiness and the Falling-Sickness arise sometimes In other Parts of the Stomach there are also sharp Pains but they are not accompanied with so grievous Symptoms and they resemble Chollick Pains but they differ in Situation The causes occasioning these Pains are distinguished by their proper Signs whereof the most plain are known by things evacuated for if Flegm or Choler or Wind or Worms are ejected by Vomit or Stool it is easie to conjecture that the Disease proceeds from such Causes but though there be no Evacuation of the Morbifick Matter we may know by peculiar Signs when Choler Flegm or Wind abounds The Signs also of Worms may be taken from the Chapter of Worms and the peculiar Diseases of the Stomach it self or of the Neighbouring Parts occasioning this Disease may be known by every ones proper Signs the Humour causing the Pain may be also guessed at by the Time of the Invasion of its Increase and Cessation for in some the Pain is worst before eating and this signifies that Choler prevails which when the Sick is fasting is drawn into the Stomach or becomes more acrid thereby in others the Pain begins presently after eating because the crude and biting Humours which before lay quiet in the Tunicks of the Stomach are disturbed by eating or being seated in the bottom of the Stomach they at that time are raised and offend the upper Orifice and in some the Pain is worst whilst the Meat is concocting because acrid and biting Vapours are elevated from the Morbifick Matter by the Heat increased in the Stomach at the Time of Concoction in others four or five Hours after eating because the Meat is corrupted by the Concoction being depraved by which means it velicates the Stomach in others the Pain is augmented after Sleep and this is occasioned by a Catarrh the Humour flowing from the Brain in the Sleep which being heaped up in a great quantity occasions Pain when the Sick awakes but the Pain is sometimes quieted by eating the Acrimony of the Humours being asswaged by the Benignity of the Food As to the Prognostick it is certain that a Cardialgia is much more dangerous than other Pains of the Stomach by reason of the exquisite sense of the Mouth of the Stomach and the great Sympathy that is betwixt that and the principle parts The greater or lesser is the Pravity of the Morbifick cause and the violence of the Symptoms so is the Danger more or less A continual and acute Feaver joined with a great Pain of the Stomach threatens great Danger for Hippocrates says Aphor. 65. Section 5. A great Heat about the Stomach and Cardiogmos in Feavers are ill for they signifie a great Quantity of vitious Humours contained in the Stomach A Pain of the Stomach occasioned by Worms or Wind is most commonly less dangerous for that the Cause is not so obstinate and not fixed to the Part but yet sometimes violent Symptoms arise from Worms contained in the Stomach and biting it whereby the Sick is presently killed and also when the Intemperies occasioning Wind is obstinate as it were habitual it is not without Danger because it degenerates into a dry Dropsie Hippocrates Aphor. 7. Sect. 4. says That Coldness in the extream parts in a Cardialgia portends Death The Cure of this Disease is to be varied according to the Variety of the Causes for if it arises from the Diseases of other Parts the Cure of them must be taken Care of but if the Cause be seated in the Stomach it self the Pain proceeds either from Wind or sharp and cholerick Humours or from an Inflammation Abscess or
An Inflammation of the Stomach is a preternatural Tumour arising from Blood poured upon the Substance of the Stomach and its Membranes And this Blood is either pure and sincere and then it produces a Phlegmon properly so called or it is mixed with Choler Flegm and Melancholly and then it produces an Oedematous Schirrhus Phlegmon or a Phlegmon mixed with an Erysipelas There may be many external Causes viz. Whatsoever renders the Blood hot as hot Medicines drinking of Wine or whatever forces the Blood thither as a Bruise of the Stomach especially when it is full of Meat to which may be added hot and acrid things taken inwardly as Cantharides Sublimate and the like The Diagnostick Signs of this Disease are a great Burnining Pricking Distending Pain with Pulsation stretching it self to the Back The Tumour may be felt and sometimes seen the Shoulders are drawn backward the Breathing Swallowing and Belching are difficult Sometimes something Bloody is Vomited up there is a violent Feaver accompanied with dreadful Symptoms If the Inflammation be purely from Blood it is somewhat gentler but if it be joined with an Eâ—ysipelas the Symptoms are very violent and there is an inward Feaver though the outward Parts are cold and the Thirst is unquenchable To this Inflammation of the Stomach that Inflammation is near of kin which either seises that Part of the Liver wherewjth the Stomach is covered or that lies upon the Region of the Abdomen which can be only distinguished by the violence of the Symptoms for the Inflammation of the Stomach is the most violent and most dangerous From what has been said it may be easily prognosticated that this Disease is very dangerous and most commonly deadly Nevertheless that is most dangerous which seises the upper Orifice of the Stomach and partakes of the Nature of an Erysipelas If the Inflammation do not kill and be not resolved it degenerates into an Abscess which is known by the Remission of Heat and Feaver the Tumour remaining The Abscess being broken an Ulcer is left behind which may be known by the Evacuation of Matter by Vomit and Stool But an Ulcer of the Stomach does not only proceed from an Abscess broken but also from other causes which must be here mentioned least any thing should be desicient in the Theory of it Therefore the causes of an Ulcer of the Stomach are either Internal or External the Internal causes are acrid Humours bred in the Stomach or transmitted from another place to it as Yellow and Black Choler or salt Flegm The external causes are acrid and corroding Medicines or Poisons and hither may be referred Wounds of the Stomach ill cured which degenerate into an Ulcer and also the Rupture of some great Vein which cannot be well cured after vomiting much Blood up An Ulcer bred in the Stomach may be known chiefly by the Evacuation of Matter by Vomit and Stool to which primary Sign others may be added For first There is perceived in the Stomach a pricking Pain with Heat especially when any thing acrid salt acid or any thing very hot or very cold is taken inwardly There is moreover a Loss of Appetite Stinking Belching and a small and continual Feaver The Prognostick is most commonly deadly unless the Ulcer be very small and possess the Superficies and has not a Feaver joined with it for the Membrane of the Stomach being ulcerated is difficultly cured and the Nourishment cannot be well concocted and it is rejected before a due concoction besides Medicines can do little good for things that cleanse which are necessary for the Cure of the Ulcer cause Pain and things that dry which should satisfie the other Indication of Healing the Ulcer are continually spoiled by the Meat and Drink and Chyle and other Humours which always stagnate in a weak Stomach The Cure of the foresaid Diseases is to be instituted particularly And first The Cure of the Inflammation is to be begun by Bleeding repeated in the Arm as often as the Strength will bear and though it may seem to be dejected at first by reason of the fainting and Coldness of the extream Parts yet this Infirmity of the Strength proceeds from an Oppression which requires Evacuation and therefore Bleeding ought not to be forbid Moreover the opening of the Hemorrhoid Veins if the Sick has been accustomed to this Evacuation may conveniently cause a Revulsion of the Blood from the Stomach Cupping-glasses applied to the Back and Buttocks both dry and moist Frictions and Ligatures of the extream Parts and the heating those that are wont to be cold by applying hot Cloaths and by anointing them with Oyl of Orris Nard and with other hot things may be also conveniently used to draw the Blood from the Stomach But Purging is not allowed of because it disturbes the Humours and draws them to the Part affected Yet Avicen commends a Decoction of Tamarinds or half an ounce of Cassia dissolved in Endive-water or in Whey and would have it given daily till the seventh Day yet it is better to abstain from all purging at the Beginning but the Seventh Day being over and some Signs of Concoction and Declination appearing Purging may be instituted with a dram of Rhubarb and a Scruple of red Sanders infused in Borrage-water you must add one or two ounces of the Syrup of Roses that the Filth sticking to the Part may be evacuated In the mean while Lenient cooling and emollient Glisters must be daily injected Take of Chicken-broth or a Decoction of Mallows and Violets one Pint of Cassia fresh drawn one ounce of Oyl of Roses and Violets each two ounces of Sugar one ounce and an half Yolks of Eggs number two make a Glister The same altering and corroborating things may be taken inwardly which were proposed for a Cure of the Pain of the Stomach occasioned by a Cholerick Humour But Syrup of Water-lillies and of the Juice of Purslain are peculiarly proper especially at the beginning because they may serve instead of a repelling Medicine Emulsions also of the four cold Seeds and of the Seeds of white-Poppies are proper for they are lenitive and qualifie the Heat and so do also the following Juleps Take of the Waters of Roses three ounces of Plantane two ounces of the Juice of Sorrel one ounce and an half of Sugar of Roses one ounce boil them a little and strain them Let him take two ounces twice or thrice a Day If the Pain be very violent Syrup of Poppies may be taken Let him use for his Drink Barley-water sweetned with Syrup of Violets which he must drink cold In Progress of the Disease Medicines are to be mixed with the foregoing which may help the Resolution to which end the following Julep may be prescribed Take of the Syrups of Water-lillies of Apples and of the Juice of Purslain each one ounce of the Syrup of Roman Wormwood half an ounce of the Waters of Sorrel Lettice and Fennel each three ounces of the Species Diamargarite
a day Certainly the Magisterial-water of Worms of the London Dispensatory is very beneficial in this Disease so are the Spirit and Salt of Harts-horn Spirit of Blood Flowers of Sal-armoniack which I have often used with good Success Moreover Testaceous Powders as Crabs-eyes Coral Pearls and Vegetables which are counted good for the Gout as the Roots of Birth-wort the Leaves of Ground-pine and Germander and the like mixed with Antiscorbuticks conduce to the Cure of this Disease Oyl of Worms of Frogs and Toads are often useful to ease the Pain I have been told by a worthy Man that the Water drawn from what is contained in the Stomach of an Ox newly killed by Distillation and applied hot with Cloaths gives certainly ease For Convulsive and Paralitick Diseases occasioned by the Scurvy Remedies proper for them must be mixed with Antiscorbuticks For a Consumption and a Feaver ocasioned by the Scurvy gentle Catharticks Digestives and things that corroborate must be used And because they often arise from a scirrhous Tumour in the Stomach or Parts thereabouts things that open Obstructions are to be used as Tunbridge-waters and the like Moreover Fomentations Liniments and Plaisters must be outwardly applyed Asses or Cows-milk diluted with Barly-water or with some proper distilled-water is often good so is Broth made of Snails and Snails boiled in Milk Moreover Distilled waters of Milk or Whey with Snails and Antiscorbutick Herbs do a great deal of Good in this Case And for the Feaver the following Medicines may be used with a thin Diet Take of the Raspings of Harts-horn and Ivory each two drams and an half of Eryngo Roots candied six drams of the Roots of Chervil Dandelyon each half an ounce of the Leaves of Harts-tongue Liverwort each one handful one Apple sliced of Raisins one handful boil them in four Pints of Fountain-water to the Consumption of a third part pour the strained Liquor upon two handfuls of Brook-lime and a dram and an half of Sal-prunella or of Nitre fixed one dram let them infuse for the Space of three Hours four or six ounces of it may be taken three times a day Take of the Leaves of Brook-lime four handfuls of Wood-sorrel of the Herb and Root of Dandelyon each two handfuls of Snails cleansed one pound and an half the Peels of two Oranges After they are bruised and cut pour upon them six Pints of new Milk or Whey made with Syder or of the fresh Juice of Apples distill them after the common Way Three ounces may be taken twice or thrice a day A Scorbutical Rhumatism must be cured by Purging but especially by Bleeding and repeated sometimes according to the Strength of the Patient Diureticks and Diaphoreticks must be also used and four or six ounces of the Infusion of Horse-dung in Wine or Ale may be taken twice or thrice a day on the Days the Sick does not purge Spirit of Harts-horn or of Blood is also very good in this case A Scorbutical Dropsie arising from an evident Cause or occasionally is often cured wherefore if the Sick cannot sleep Opiats must be given and Purging must be repeated at due distances according to the Strength of the Patient and Glisters must be often injected to keep the Body loose Take of Mercurius Dulcis one Scruple of Rosin of Jalap five or ten grains of Cloves half a Scruple mix them and give it in a spoonful of Panado At other Times Diureticks and sometimes Diaphoreticks must be given Take of Tincture of Salt of Tartar impregnated with the Tincture of Millepedes as much as you please Give a Scruple or two Scruples twice a day in some proper Liquor Take of the Spirit of Sal-armoniack what quantity you please The Dose is fifteen drops Take of Mille pedes prepared three drams of Salt of Tartar two drams of Nutmegs one dram mix them make a Powder The Dose is half a dram twice a day with some proper Liquor Or Take of dried Bees powdered two drams of the Seeds of Bishops-weed powdered one dram of Oyl of Juniper one scruple of Turpentine a sufficient quantity for a Mass of Pills The Dose is one scruple or half a dram to be taken twice a day drinking upon it three or four ounces of the following Water Take of the Leaves of both the Scurvy-grasses of Water-cresses of Pepper-wort and Arsmart each three handfuls of the Roots of Wake-robin Briony and Florentine-orris each four ounces of the middle Bark of Elder two handfuls of the Winteran-bark two ounces of the yellow Peel of four Oranges and three Lemmons and of fresh Juniper-berries four ounces cut them and bruise them and pour upon them two quarts of Rhenish-wine and of the Wine made of the Juice of Elder-berries one quart Distill them in a common Still and mix the Waters The Dose is three or four ounces twice a day after a Dose of any of the Medicines above prescribed There remains one Symptom that comes though rarely upon the Scurvy viz. A crackling of the Bones but the Cure of it is not yet known An orderly Diet is of great moment in the Cure of the Scurvy The Sick must only eat Meat of easy Digestion he must avoid thick and clammy Meat and such as are smoaked and Pulse Milk-meats unripe Fruit and things that are sugared for the Scurvy has increased wonderfully of late by the immoderate use of Sugar Their Drink must be middling mild Beer that is clear and medicated with Antiscorbuticks Exercise and Labour are so beneficial in the Scurvy that many have been cured by them alone An Air moderately hot and dry thin and pure should be chosen CHAP. LXXXV Of the Stone in the Kidneys and of the Nephritick Pain THE Nephritick Pain is called that whick afflicts the Reins and Ureters The cause of this Pain is various but the most frequent is a Stone or gross Flegm The less frequent causes are Clods of Blood thrust into the Ureters or thick Matter conveyed from the Reins or other Parts into the Ureters The diagnostick Signs of the Stone The first Sign is a fixed Pain about the Region of the Loins the second is bloody Urine the third thin and little Water at the Beginning of the Fit which is sometimes succeeded by a total Suppression of Urine if both the Ureters be obstructed the fourth is the frequent voiding of Sand and little Stones the fifth is a Numbness of the Legs the Sixth is the drawing up of the Stones the seventh is Nauseousness and Vomiting The Cure of the Nephritick Pain and Stone sticking in the Reins and Ureters is peformed by dilating the Passages by the Explosion of the Stone or any other Matter which causes Pain and also by removing the antecedent Cause and mitigating the Pain to the which Indications the following Remedies answer Take of the carminative Decoction for a Glister ten ounces of the Electuary of Laurel-berries of the Electuary of Juice of Roses each three drams of Venice-turpentine dissolved in the Yolk of
because it succeeded so well with me I took the same of a set day once a Week for some Months and after every Purge I plainly found my self better and could bear the shaking of a Coach when it went fast and was indeed wholly freed from this Symptom But it returning again some time after I took it twice a Week for three Weeks and afterwards only once a Week I continued this Method some Months on set Days and the Bleeding quite stopped The Diet that I observed is as follows In the Morning when I rise I drink a Dish of Tea at Dinner I moderately refresh my self with any sort of Meat of easie Digestion that I like a draught of small Beer is to me instead of a Supper and when I am in Bed I take another draught that by this Julep I may cool and dilute the hot and acrid Juices lodged in the Kidneys whereof the Stone is generated and I prefer at this time and at Dinner time small Beer that has Hopps in it before that which has none for though that which is not hopped is smoother and softer and so fitter to carry off the Stone from the Kidneys yet that which is hopped by reason of the stiptick Quality which the Hopps impart to it is not so apt to generate sandy and stony Matter as that which is not hopped the Substance whereof is more viscous and slimy I take care to go to Bed early especially in Winter and to prevent a bloody Urine I take care that as often as I have occasion to ride a long Way upon the Stones to drink a large draught of small Beer before I go and also before my Return if I be abroad a pretty while whereby I secure my self pretty well from bloody Urine CHAP. XC Of an Vlcer of the Reins and Bladder AN Ulcer is occasioned in the Reins and Bladder by three Causes first from an Abscess broken secondly from the Acrimony of the Humours and thirdly from a rough Stone and this is the most frequent and ordinary cause Among the Diagnostick Signs the first and chief is the voiding of Matter with Urine which continuing a while certainly shews an Ulcer in the urinary Passages but whither the Reins or the Bladder are affected with the Ulcer may be known by the Situation of the Pain as whether it be in the Region of the Loins or in the Pubis or Perinaeum Moreover Matter proceeding from the Reins is better concocted is white light and not at all stinking because the Parenchyma of the Reins being fleshy concocts better and the Matter is also in a greater quantity and more mixt with the Urine which looks like Milk along while after voiding it the Matter is seperated from it and falls to the Bottom of the Chamber-pot But Purulent Matter flowing from the Bladder is little and not much mixed with the Urine nor so concocted but crude variegated and stinks much for the Part having little Heat cannot sufficiently concoct the Matter but from the Neck of the Bladder or from the urinal Passage pure Matter without Urine is often voided Moreover In an Ulcer of the Bladder or of its Neck there is a continual Heat of Urine and a continual Pain in the part which is not so in an Ulcer of the Reins for in that Ulcer the Heat of Urine and Pain cease sometimes When the Ulcer is deep Blood sometimes flows out plentifully which is difficultly stopt and often small pieces of the Parts are voided with the Blood and Matter viz. most commonly small Caruncles from the Reins sometimes they are larger and passing difficultly through the Ureters they occasion a Nephritick Pain but from the Bladder small Scales or small Membranous Skins flow like Bran. And lastly In a long and callous Ulcer of the Bladder a mucous Flegm is produced As to the Prognostick these Ulcers are very difficultly cured because there is a perpetual Flux of Humours to the Part for though the Serum of its own Nature is cleansing yet when it is infected with other qualities it is not so and when acrid and salt Humours are mixed with it â—hey occasion Ulcers or further them Fresh Ulcers of the Reins and Bladder may be cured but when they are inveterate they are incurable In old Men they can never be cured in young Men they may sometimes but with great Difficulty Ulcers that are occasioned by the Stone cannot be cured till the Stone is extracted The Pain and other Symptoms which accompany these Ulcers occasion Watchings and waste the Body and at length the Sick is brought into a Cachexy and Consumption The Cure of the Ulcers of the Reins and Bladder as of all other Ulcers is performed by cleansing drying and consolidating Medicines To which end the following things may be used And First if there be a Plethora or an Inflammation of the Part Bleeding must be ordered first in the Arm and afterwards in the Foot Afterwards Purging must be prescribed frequently that the vitious Humours abounding in the whole Body and flowing to the Part affected may be evacuated but only gentle and lenitive Medicines must be ordered as Cassia Manna Syrup of Roses Rubarb and Agarick reduced to a Bolus or some other solid Form because in a liquid Form they easily run to the Urinary Passage and so increase the Acrimony The following Electuary may be prescribed Take of Polypody of the Oak and of Liquorish rasped each half an ounce of the four greater Cold Seeds each one dram of the Flowers of Violets and Borrage each half a pugil of Jujubes six pair of Damask Prunes three pair of Raisins half an ounce of Senna cleansed two ounces and an half infuse them a Night in Barley-water boil them in the Morning and strain them afterwards dissolve an ounce and an half of Manna in a sufficient quantity of the Decoction strain it again add to it three ounces of Cassia fresh drawn boil them to the Consistence of an Electuary adding at last half an ounce of Rubarb powdered The Dose is one ounce once a Week two Hours before eating Or Take of Cassia two ounces of Manna one ounce and an half of the Pulp of Sebestines and Tamarinds each one ounce of the Mucilage of the Seeds of Psyllium six drams of the four greater cold Seeds each one dram of Juice of Liquorish two drams with Syrup of Roses solutive make an Electuary If you add Mercurius Dulcis to the Electuaries above mentioned it will succeed the better for it is of great Vertue to cleanse and heal all inward and outward Vlcers Among Purgers Turpentine is reckoned and is much commended in this case because it loosens the Belly and cleanses the Ulcer half an ounce of it washed in Plantane water must be given in Powder of Liquorish but it is chiefly to be used when the Urine is very mucous and thick Vomiting is much commended by many whereof some provoke it before Meals with warm water and Oyl with which only Remedy
Troches of Alkakengi which are peculiarly proper in this case must be used inwardly Also Emulsions of the cold Seeds of the Seeds of white Poppies adding if there be occasion Syrup of Poppies And lastly The Conserve of the Flowers of Marsh-mallows must be frequently given And the following Fomentation may be used to the Region of the Reins Take of the Roots of Marsh-mallows of the Leaves of Mallows Pellitory and Violets each one handful of the seeds of Flax Fenugreek and Alkakengi each three drams of the Flowers of Camomil Melilot and Water-lillies each one Pugil make a Decoction wherewith foment the Part with Flannels After the Fomentation use the following Liniment Take of Oyl of Violets and of sweet Almonds each one ounce and an half of Oyl of Roses one ounce of the Mucilages of the Seeds of Marshmallows and Fenugreek each two ounces of Suffron one scruple make a Liniment But to ease the Pain new Milk from the Cow with Dr. Gordon's Troches dissolved in it injected is the best Anodyne for it eases the pain and cures the Ulcer CHAP. XCI Of a Diabetes THis Disease was so rare amongst the Ancients that many famous Physicians made no mention of it but in our Age wherein excessive Drinking has been especially of Wine so much used there are many Instances of it As to the Cure The chief intentions of Healing are to prevent fusion of the Blood and to take off that which is so First The Fusion of the Blood is hindred when its gross and watry Parts contain one another and are contained so that they do not too hastily separate which may be effected by thickning Remedies and for this Purpose Rice Starch and Mucilaginous Vegetables also Gums and some resinous things are of use Secondly That the Fusion of the Blood may be taken off such Remedies are indicated as dissolve the Concretions of the Salts I have prescribed in this Disease the Tincture of Antimony with good success and Lime-water with the Seeds of Annise Raisins and Liquorish is much commended by some A Noble-man fell into a desperate Diabetes for besides that he voided a Gallon and an half of clear Urine that was almost as sweet as Honey in the space of a Night and a Day he was also afflicted with great Thirst a Hectick Feaver great Weakness and with a wasting of the whole Body he was cured in a short time by the following Medicines Take of the Tops of Cypress eight handfuls of the Whites of Eggs a quart of Cinnamon half an ounce having cut them small pour upon them four Quarts of new Milk and distill them in a cold Still Have a care of an Empyrema He took six ounces of it thrice a day Take of Gum-Arabick and Tragacanth each six drams of Penediate Sugar one ounce make a Powder give one dram or one dram and an half twice a day with three or four ounces of the distilled Water Take of Rubarb powdered fifteen grains of Cinnamon six grains make a Powder let him take it in the Morning and repeat it six or seven days after Take of Cowslip-water three ounces of Cinnamon-water hordeated two drams with half an ounce of Diacodium make a draught to be taken at Bed-time every Night His Diet was altogether in a manner of Milk which he eat sometimes crude sometimes boiled with Bread or Barley sometimes it was diluted with a distilled water or with Barley-water When he had been well a long time he fell into the same Disease again and the same Method and Medicines were ordered again whereby he grew better in a few Days afterwards he took five or six ounces of Lime-water daily thrice in a Day and having used it four days he voided Urine in a moderate quantity well coloured and somewhat salt I cured another of a deplorable Diabetes by the same Method especially with Lime-water CHAP. XCII Of Incontinence of Vrine INcontinence of Urine proceeds from a fault of the retentive Faculty of the Bladder it befalls either People waking and then the cause is great or sleeping and then it is less for at that time the Animal Functions are not so freely exercised and this happens two Ways viz. Either by the Weakness or Laxity of the Sphincter Muscle of the Bladder which sucking Children are subject to old People and some in their middle Age and others by false Imagination for many there are who by reason of excessive Drinking or by reason of the exquisite sense of the Bladder or sharp Urine piss in Bed in some sort willingly for they imagine in their Sleep that they are making Water against the Wall or some other Place and they are so accustomed to this Vice that they do it where there is no Fault either in Bladder or Muscle of it and they are not cured by Medicines but by rectifying their Imagination as in Children by the Rod and in grown People by placing some precious things upon the Places where they think they make water in their Dreams and by shewing such things to them often But a preternatural Disorder occasioning an Incontinence of Urine is seated in the Sphincter Muscle which is either affected Sympathically or Idiopathically it is affected by Sympathy many Ways as when the whole Body is weak and the Natural Heat decayed as when Death approaches or when the whole Body or half of it is seised with the Palsie or those Branches of the Nerves only which arising from the Os sacrum are communicated to the Bladder This Resolution of the Muscles is occasioned sometimes by reason of the Nearness to other Parts affected as in Women with Child in swellings and Pains of the Womb and great Diseases of the right Gut But the Sphincter Muscle is also affected various ways Idiopathically as by Wounds upon it as it happens in cutting for the Stone or by reason of deep Wounds that hinder the Contraction and Shutting of it but the chief and most frequent cause is a cold and moist Intemperies whereby that part is weakned and relaxed This Intemperies is much furthered by a natural cold and moist Constitution by Childhood Age the Feminine Sex by Diseases of the whole Body or of some Parts arising from a cold and moist Intemperies to which may be added external causes proper to produce such an Intemperies The Diagnostick Signs of this Disease either shew a Sympathick Disease which are to be taken from the Effects proper to produce an Incontinence of Urine mentioned above and if they are present we must suppose the Disease proceeds thence but if they are absent we must count it Idiopathick and if it be occasioned by a Wound Ulcer or any other Disorder of the Sphincter it is easily known but if none of these appear we must consider whither there be a cold and moist Intemperies of the part which may be known by the Constitution of the Internal and external Causes and by the Effects of them as softness of the whole Body a pale Colour a Laxity of the
it before in those parts but if he be delirious or paralitick the Suppression of Urine may be imputed to either of these Diseases The Compression that is made by Tumours of those or of the neighbouring parts or by other Causes above mentioned may be known by the proper Signs of those Diseases The Obstructions of the Channel of the Bladder may be known by probing it with a Wax Candle or a Catheter and if they do not penetrate but stop in the Passage it is a Sign that a Stone or a Caruncle or some other Matter obstructs and these things that obstruct may be distinguished viz. If a Stone stop the Channel Nephritick Pains went before if it fell from the Reins and if it was bred in the Bladder or lay a long while there the Signs of the Stone in the Bladder preceded at least some of the gentlest of them if a Caruncle stop the Passage a virulent Gonorrhea preceded or an Ulcer in the Passage of the Yard that emitted purulent Matter for a long time Lastly If clotted Blood or concreted Matter or thick Pus occasioned the Obstruction small parts of them have been evacuated through the Yard or have stuck to the Catheter when it has been used A false Ischury may be known for that there is no Tension nor no Tumour nor Weight in the Region of the Pubis but rather a Vacuity is perceived there there is no desire of making Water nor no Irritation of the Bladder and when the Catheter is used it passes in easily but Signs of the Stone in the Kidneys went before or of an Inflammation of the Ureters or of great Fullness or large Drinking went before but little Urine followed upon which account the Veins were too much filled Or Lastly there is a burning Feaver or a Dropsie whereby the Serous Matter is diverted As to the Prognostick A Suppression of Urine is very dangerous if it exceed the Seventh Day it certainly kills for the Serum regurgitates upon the whole Body and the Patient is in danger of a Suffocation or a Coma. Suppression of Urine occasioned by a Wound in the Spine or by reason of a Luxation of a Vertebra is incurable If the Smell of Urine can be perceived from the Mouth or Nostrils of the Sick it is deadly If a Tenesmus come upon a Suppression of Urine the Sick dies in seven Days The Hickops also indicate sudden Death The Cure of a Suppression of Urine whether it be total or partial is to be directed to the taking off the Causes And First The false Ischury that depends on the Diseases of the Reins or Ureters must be cured in the same manner as an Inflammation a nephritick Pain or the Stone in the Kidneys But that which proceeds from a Fulness of the Emulgent Veins must be cured by large Bleeding and by Hydragogue Medicines A true Ischury must be also cured by Remedies that take off the cause producing it And First If it proceed from an Inflammation of the Bladder or neighbouring Parts it must be cured as an Inflammation of the Bladder is but if the Suppression is caused by a Stone thrust into the Neck of the Bladder it must be removed by the following Remedies First The Sick must be laid upon his Back and his Legs must be elevated and he must be shook much and a long while that the Stone may fall back into the Bladder and if by this means it cannot be moved it must be forced back with a Catheter but if the Stone has passed into the Passage of the Yard we must endeavour by all Ways to exclude it by moving gently with the Fingers towards the end of the Yard and also by dipping the Yard into warm Milk or by placing the Sick in a Bath to enlarge the Passage But if it will neither go backwards nor forwards Practitioners teach that it must be cut out the upper and lower part being tied But an Obstruction of the Neck of the Bladder which proceeds from an Inflammation must be cured by proper Remedies for an Inflammation But in the mean time if the Urine be retained too long it may be gently let out by a Wax-candle dipt in Oyl of sweet Almonds But you must forbear the Use of a Catheter least Pain being occasioned you should increase the Inflammation thereby But the Suppression of Urine which proceeds from a Caruncle must be cured by the Extirpation of the Caruncle This must be done by proper Remedies thrust in by a skillful Chirurgion upon a Wax-candle But Necessity urging for sometimes the Caruncle swells and obstructs the whole Channel we must use the Catheter to evacuate the Water though there is danger that the Part will swell more But you must first endeavour to lessen the Inflation of the Caruncle by Bleeding and Vomiting and by repelling Medicines applied to the Pubes and Perinaeum If the Suppression of Urine be occasioned by thick Flegm Purging is first convenient with Diaphaenicon and Rubarb made up in a Bolus and afterwards Turpentine must be given frequently with Powder of Liquorish afterwards a Decoction of the opening Roots may be given with Oxymel and Byzantine Syrup In the mean while Glisters Fomentations and emollien and opening Baths must be used and all those things are proper that are proposed to dissolve or expell the Stone And amongst the rest the following are found by Experience peculiarly proper Take of Benedictum Laxativum half an ounce of the Troches of Mirrh two scruples of a Decoction of Savin three ounces mingle them make a Potion whereby a Suppression of Urine was cured in a short time in a certain Woman If there seem to be abundance of Flegm in the whole Body a universal Purge by an Apozem prepared for three or four Days must be ordered which is proper at the beginning Bleeding being first used A Julep also of the Juice of Pellitory of Sea-fennel and of Lemmons with Oyl of sweet Almonds is also very beneficial Dodoneus mentions an Observation of one of eighty Years of Age that was perfectly cured of a Suppression of Urine by only using once a Lee made of the Ashes of Egg-shells mixed with Rhenish-wine Arnoldus Villa Novanus commends Winter-cherry-wine and he mentions a Cardinal who had not made Urine for four Days and was much swelled was cured by drinking Winter-cherry-wine the Wine was made by beating five or seven or more winter-cherries with good White-wine afterwards it must be strained Millepedes also beat and given in White-wine are very Effectual to provoke Urine Oyl of Scorpions of Mathiolus also forces Urine powerfully five or six drops of it being given with Broth or some other Liquor The frequent use of Sal-prunella does also the same especially when there is danger of an Inflammation which is often occasioned in the inner Coat by the Urine too long retained Spirit of Salt also does the same but is more effectual the Juice of Pellitory clarified and four ounces of it given with half an
ounce of Sugar is very good Sal-prunella or the Spirit of Salt may be mixed with it If Suppression of Urine occasioned by a phlegmatick Matter often recur nothing is better than the Bath-waters which easily dissolve and cleanse away the Mucilaginous Matter A certain Nobleman that was afflicted with a Suppression of Urine for many Days after other Medicines used to no Purpose was freed by injecting the following Glyster which he retained two Hours Take of the Roots of Smallage and Parsly Knee holm Asparagous Mallows each two drams of Pellitory two handfuls of the Seeds of Annise Fennel Daucus Bishop-weed bastard Saffron Rue Cummiâ— and Juniper-berries each half an ounce of the Flowers of Camomil Mellilot Dill and Stoechas each two Pugils boil them in Whitewine till half is consumed in one Pint of the strained Liquor dissolve four ounces of fresh Butter of Honey of Roses two ounces of red Sugar one ounce of Benedictum Laxativum half an ounce of the Yolk of one Egg of Oyls of Nuts Dill or Linseeds one ounce make a Glister In the whole Course of the Cure Fomentations Liniments Cataplasms Baths and the like must be used among other things a Cataplasm of Pellitory fried with Butter or rather with Oyl of Scorpions is good also a Bladder half full of Oyl wherein Cantharides have been boyled A Cataplasm made of Onyons fried in Lard and with some Oyl is commonly applied to the Region of the Pubis and Loins When an Ischury proceeds from clotted Blood Troches of Ambar Mumny simple Oxymel Oxymel of Squills Syrup of Sorrel and the like must be used and Cow-dung outwardly applied does Wonders Lastly when the Suppressions proceeds from Pus things that cleanse and incide must be used such chiefly as were proposed for an Ulcer of the Reins and Bladder CHAP. XCIV Of a Dysury or Heat of Vrine THe next and immediate Cause of rendring Urine with Pain is a Solution of the Continuum in the Sphincter Muscle or Channel of the Bladder and therefore whatsoever causes Solution of the Continuum in those Parts occasions also a Dysury or Heat of Urine Among these Causes the chief and most frequent is an Acrimony of the Urine sometimes simple without the Mixture of other Humours which a hot Intemperies of the Bowels or of the whole Body or the use of acrid and hot Meats occasions it But it is most commonly from a Mixture of acrid Humours sometimes Matter flowing from the Reins or Bladder ulcerated occasion such an Acrimony in the Urine and sometimes a white and Milky Matter that is emitted plentifully with the Urine occasions the Heat of it also a Stone in the Bladder or Gravel produces the same Lastly An Inflammation as in a Gonorrhea as long as the Prostratae are Inflamed the Heat of Urine continues The Signs of the Causes may be thus distinguished If it proceeds from an Acrimony the Urine is thin and high coloured or there will be a Mixture of Purulent Matter and an Intemperies of the Bowels went before or hot and acrid Aliments the Heat of the Air or the like heating causes preceded Lastly Stones and Inflammations of these parts may be known by their proper Signs As to the Prognostick This Disease is not of it self dangerous but is very troublesome to the Patient and is sometimes difficultly cured especially in old Men who if they are decrepid have it as long as they live and if it continue long in any Age it ulcerates the Neck of the Bladder The Cure is first to be directed to the taking off the Cause and therefore if it arise from the Stone an Inflammation or from an Ulcer of the Bladder or the Neck of it the Cure must be taken from the Chapters of these Diseases but those things which are mentioned below may much abate the Symptom But that which proceeds from an Acrimony of Urine and from hot Humours mixed with it must be cured with the following Remedies And first To qualifie the Intemperies of the Parts frequent Bleeding is necessary and it must be often repeated if there be a great quantity of Blood or danger of an Inflammation Purges are also convenient in this Disease but they must be lenitive and cooling for otherwise they mightily exasperate the Heat of Urine wherefore some do not dare to give any thing besides a simple Bolus of Cassia and this is certainly to be preferred before all other things Yet it may be made more cooling if Tamarinds are added to it or a Decoction of Lettice Purslain and the Tops of Mallows with Cassia may be taken for many Days that the acrid Humours flowing to the Urinary parts may be by degrees turned upon the Bowels but yet if a large quantity of ill Humours requires more Purging we may use the following Potion Take of the Leaves of Lettice Purslain Plantane and the Tops of Mallows each half an ounce of Tamarinds half a dram of yellow Mirobalans one dram boil them to six ounces in the strained Liquor dissolve one ounce of Cassia fresh drawn strain them again and afterwards add the Infusion of one dram and an half of Rubarb in Lettice water with yellow Sanders of Manna and of Syrup of Roses each one ounce make a Potion Vomiting also with gentle Remedies is excellent for it makes Revulsion from the Part affected and does not occasion those Disorders that Purging does and therefore such as can bear Vomiting well may take a gentle Vomit once or twice a Week Glisters also frequently injected do good Take of the Roots of Marsh-mallows one ounce of the Leaves of Mallows Violets and Lettice each one handful of the flowers of Water-lillies and of Barley cleansed each one Pugil boil them to a Pint in the strained Liquor dissolve an ounce of Cassia newly extracted one whole Egg and two ounces of Oyl of Violets make a Glister The Mucilages of the Seeds of Marsh mallows Quinces Fenugreek may be mixed with Glisters to ease the Pain But to qualifie the Heat and to ease the Pain Glisters of Milk by it self or mixed with the foregoing things are usually so effectual that I have known some eased of long Pains with this Remedy only and by the Bath which shall be mentioned by and by But many things may be given inwardly to asswage the Pain and to correct the Intemperies of the Parts affected Take of the Waters of Purslain Lettice and Water-lillies each one ounce of the Syrup of Violets and of Water-lillies each six drams Sal-prunella one dram mingle them make a Julep to be repeated often Emulsions may be also used though they are diuretick because they cool and gently cleanse the Urinary Passages Take of the four greater cold Seeds and of White Poppies each three drams of Sweet Almonds blanched and infused in cold water half an ounce bruise them in a Marble Mortar and pour upon them gently a pint and an half of the Decoction of Barly of Liquorish and the Tops of Mallows make an Emulsion for
cold moist Intemperies or a hot and dry Intemperies also organical Diseases of the Part as an Inflammation or Scirrhus or the like The Vessels of the Womb also often occasion Obstructions which is the most frequent cause of the Suppression of the Courses they being stopt by cold and thick Humours or compressed by Swellings of the neighbouring Parts The Blood is peccant when it is thick and Clammy or when it is evacuated by other ways as by the Nostrils Vomiting Spitting Hemorrhoides and many other Parts I saw sayes Riverius a Girl that had a Pustle in the Head which opened Monthly and evacuated a large quantity of Blood and I have seen many says he that by casting up Blood Periodically from the Lungs had the Courses that Way The external Causes occasioning this Suppression are cold and dry Air and a Northerly Season going into Cold Water especially when the Courses flow too little or too much Nourishment taken also gross and cold Meats or such as are astringent and such as are too hot or such as are salted and spiced too much violent exercise immoderate Watchings much sleep immoderate Ease Bleeding at the Nose or Piles a Loosness and other Evacuations by Vomit Urine and Sweat And lastly violent Passions as extream Anger a sudden Fright long Sorrow great Jealousie and the like The Diagnostick of the Suppression must be received from the Sick but because it proceeds both from natural and preternatural causes the Signs of both shall be distinctly proposed least Physicians should be deceived by Women being with Child by illegitimate Coition and so prescribe Medicines to provoke the Courses rashly to Women with Child First therefore Women with Child most commonly retain their natural Colour and others do not Secondly the Symptoms which use to happen to Women with Child at the beginning abate daily but on the contrary in a Suppression of the Courses the longer they are stopt so much the more the Symptoms are increased Thirdly In Women with Child after the third Month the Motion and Situation of the Child may be sensibly perceived by laying the hand on the Belly but in others the Swelling is Oedematous and not at all hard nor is it always contained within the Limits of the Womb. Fourthly If the inward Mouth of the Womb be touched by a Skilful Midwife she will find it not exactly closed as it is in Women with Child but rather hard contracted and somewhat painful Fifthly Women with Child are most commonly chearful but on the contrary in a Suppression they are most commonly sorrowful and sad The Faults of the Womb which occasion a Suppression may be seen by Inspection and be felt by touching the Parts The Obstruction and Narrowness of the Vessels of the Womb may be known by the Disorder that is felt in the Loyns and in the Parts near the Womb especially just before the Coming of the Courses and if any thing flows out it is mucous whitish or blackish The Diseases of the neighbouring Parts which stop the Mouth of the Womb or the Veins may be known by their proper Signs An abundance of Blood may be known by the Veins being much swelled in the Legs and Arms if the Woman be fleshy and of a ruddy Countenance and has indulged her self for a long while in high Eating But a Defect of Blood may be guessed at if the Woman be fat if she has had a long Feaver and has fasted a long while or has loathed heâ— Meat An â—ll quality of the Blood may be known by an ill Habit of Body the preposterous Motion of the Blood viz. When it flows by contrary Passages is manifest of it self As to the Prognostick a Suppression of the Courses is very dangerous and many desperate Diseases rise from it some in the Womb as Tumours Abscesses and Ulcers others in the whole Body and in various Parts as Feavers Obstructions Cachexies Loathing of Meat a Dropsie a Cardialgia a Cough Difficulty of Breathing Fainting Melancholly Madness Pains of the Head Gout and many others if the Suppression continue long the Belly grows hard great quantity of Urine is voided there is a Loathing of Meat and long Watching the Legs Feet and Belly swell and they die of a Dropsie The Cure of this Disease must be varied according to the Variety of the Causes And first If it proceed from too great a quantity of Blood Bleeding must be ordered in the Arm and a large quantity of Blood must be taken away afterwards it must be drawn downwards by opening the lower Veins about the time the Woman used to have her Courses before she was ill Frictions Ligatures Cupping-glasses with and without Scarification may be used If by reason of want of Blood the Courses stop as after long Feavers after great Evacuations and when the Body is much wasted you must not endeavour to provoke the Courses till the Body is replenished and till a sufficient quantity of Blood is bred which being done they generally follow of their own accord But if it happen that Nature forget her Office she must be roused up by opening the lower Veins and by Medicines proposed in the foregoing Chapter but the quantity of Blood taken away must be moderate least the Strength should be dejected and the Sick should fall into a Consumption But here it must be carefully noted That every Wasting of the Body does not indicate a Want of Blood but only that which succeeds great Evacuations and the like for sometimes it happens that the Courses being suppressed and retained in the Veins occasion an ill quality whereby the Blood is rendred unfit to nourish the Parts upon which account the Body wasts though the Veins are full of Blood in which Case large Bleeding is required As to the Suppression of the Courses which happens by a preposterous Motion of the Blood when it is evacuated by Bleeding at the Nose by Vomiting Spitting or the Hemorrhoides and other Parts The Cure of it is performed by repelling the Blood from the Parts through which it flows preternaturally and by drawing it back to the Passage of the Womb. The first is performed when the Blood rushes out of the upper Parts by washing the Arms Head and Face with cold water and by forbearing the Exercise of those Parts especially Singing and speaking aloud The second is performed by opening the inferior Veins three or four Days before the Blood breaks out and by Cupping-glasses applied to the Thighs and Legs sometimes with sometimes without Scarification by provoking the Hemorrhoids by Frictions Ligatures Walking Fomentations Baths made of opening Herbs Pessaries uterine Glisters and by other things to be described below But the Bath-water is especially commended and the Sick must bath in them often a good while after Meals but the Water must not rise above the Hypochondres and at the same time the upper Parts must be cooled by fanning them If the Blood flow by the Hemmorrhoides the Cure is very difficult for if you use
does not only cause Pain there but it also stops the Urine just as if there were a Stone whereas there is none But this last kind seizing the Bladder happens very seldom That which resembles the Stone in the Kidnies is not so rare both use to invade those Women who are much weak'ned by Hysterick Fits coming frequently and whose health of Body is much impaired Sometimes falling upon the Stomach it causes câ—ntinual Vomiting and sometimes a Looseness when it is setled upon the Guts But no Pain accompanies either of these Symptoms though oftentimes in both the green Humours appear Both these kinds are familiar with those that are weak'ned by the Hysterick Fits coming frequently And as this Disease afflicts almost all the inward Parts so sometimes it seizes all the outward Parts and the musculous Flesh occasioning Pain and sometimes a Tumour in the Jaws Shoulders Hands Thighs Legs in which kind that Tumour which swells the Legs is more conspicuous than the rest But whereas in Hydropical Swellings these two things may be always taken notice of viz. That the swelling is most in the Evening and that the Finger prest upon it leaves a pit In this Tumour the swelling is most in the Morning nor does it yield to the Finger or leave any mark behind it and for the most part it only swells one of the Legs As to other things if you mind the largeness of it or its superficies it is so very like Hydropical Swellings that the Patient can scarce be brought to believe that it is any other Disease nor can the Teeth free themselves from the assaults of this Disease tho' they are not hollow and tho' there is no apparent defluxion that may occasion the Pain yet it is no whit gentler nor shorter nor easier cured But these Pains and Tumours which afflict the outward Parts chiefly seize those Women that are in a manner quite destroyed by a long series of Hysterick Fits and by the force of them But among all the Torments of this Disease there is none so common as a pain in the Back which most certainly all feel how little soever they are afflicted with this Disease Moreover this is common to the foresaid Pains that the place on which they were will not bear touching after they are gone but is tender and akes just as if it were soundly beaten But this tenderness goes off by degrees And this is worth observing That often a notable Cold of the external Parts makes way for these Symptoms which for the most part does not go off till the Fit ends which Cold I have observed is almost like that by which a Carcass grows stiff yet the Pulse is good And moreover all Hysterick Women which I have hitherto taken care of complain of a dejection and sinking of the Spirits and when they would shew the place where the sinking of the Spirits is they point to the region of the Lungs Lastly every one knows that Hysterick Women sometimes laugh excessively and sometimes cry as much without any real cause for either But among all the Symptoms that accompany this Disease this is the most proper and almost inseparable viz. a Urine as clear as Rock-water and this Hysterick Women evacuate plentifully which I find by diligent Enquiry is in almost all the pathognomonic sign of this Disease which we call Hysterick in Women and Hypochondriack in Men and I have sometimes observed in Men that presently after making Water of a Citron colour yea almost the next moment being suddenly seized with some violent commotion of the Mind they make Water as clear as Cristal and in a great quantity with a continued violent Stream and continue ill till the Urine comes to its wonted colour and then the Fit goes off And it happens to all Hysterical and Hypochondriacal People that sometimes they belch up ill Fumes as often as they eat tho' they eat only moderately and according as they have an Appetite and sometimes the Wind that comes from the Stomach is sower just like Vinegar Nor are they unhappy upon this account only viz. That their Bodies are so ill affected and as it were tottering like ruined Houses just about to fall for their Minds are more diseased than their Bodies and an incureable desperation is mixed with the very nature of the Disease and what the Roman Orator said of the Superstitions exactly agrees with these melancholy People Sleep says he seems to be a Refuge to the Laborious and Careful but from thence Cares and Fears arise whilst only Funerals and Apparitions of their deceased Friends are represented in Dreams and they are so tormented in Body and Mind that one would think their Lives were a Purgatory wherein they were to purifie themselves and to expiate Crimes committed in some other State Nor does this happen only to mad People but also to those who if you except those Impetuosities of Mind are very prudent and judicious and who much excel for deep thought and wisdom in Speech others who 's Minds were never excited by these Provokments to thinking But this dreadful condition of Mind which we have above described seizes on those only that have much and a long while conflicted with this Disease and have been at length wholly vanquished by it especially if Adversity care or trouble of Mind or hard Study or the like join'd with an ill habit of Body have added Oil to the Flame A day would scarce be sufficient to reckon up all the Symptoms belonging to Hysterick Diseases and I think Democritus reckoned pretty right though he mistook the cause of the Disease when he said in an Epistle to Hippocrates That the Womb was the cause of six hundred Miseries and of innumerable Calamities The procatarctick or external causes of this Disease are either violent motions of the Body or which is much oftener vehement commotions of the Mind But to these disorders of the Mind which are usually the occasions of this Disease is to be added emptiness of the Stomach by reason of long Fasting immoderate Bleeding and a Vomit or Purge that works too much As to the internal efficient Causes in my Opinion those Diseases which we call Hysterick in Women and Hypochondriack in Men proceed from a confusion of the Spirits The origin and antecedent cause of this confusion is a weak constitution of the Spirits In order to the Cure I order That 8 ounces of Blood be taken from the right Arm and that the following Plaster be applied to the Navel Take of Galbanum dissolv'd in tincture of Castor and strain'd three drachms of Tacamacha two drachms mix them make a Plaster The next Morning let her make use of the following Pills Take of the Pill Coch. major two scruples of Castor powder'd two grains of peruvian Balsam four drops make four Pills let her take them at five in the Morning and sleep after them Repeat them twice or thrice every Morning or every other Morning according to their operation and
Difficult Labour is known both by the Woman by the By-standers and especially by the Midwife And first if the Woman continue a long time in Labour viz. two three four or more days whereas a natural Birth is finished in 24 hours Another Sign of difficult Labour is languid pains returning at long Intervals also the pains tending backward rather than forward But the Causes of difficult Labour may be known by the Womans Relation and most commonly upon sight So the weakness of the Woman or leanness or over-fatness may be seen by the habit of Body The Diseases of the Womb may be known by their proper Signs the weakness of the Child by the weak and slow motion of it But the signs of a dead Child may be known by the following Chapter The bigness of the Child may be judged of by the stature of the Parents especially if a gigantick Man be married to a dwarfish Woman But when there are none of these Causes and the Womans and Childs endeavours are strong and yet the Labour is difficult it is a sign that the Secundine is so strong that it cannot be easily broken and this will be confirmed if no water or moisture flows out in Labour The preposterous figure of the Fetus may be perceived by the Midwife and other things as has been said by sight As to the Prognostick difficult Labour is of it self dangerous and sometimes the Woman and sometimes the Child and sometimes both are extinguished If a Woman continue in Labour four days she will hardly escape Sleepy Diseases and Convulsions coming upon hard Labour are most commonly deadly Sneesing coming upon hard Labour is good As to the Cure of hard Labour First all those things which retard it must as much as may be be removed afterwards Medicines that further Labour must be methodically administred And first it is common with Women to give a spoonful or two of Cinnamon-water or Cinnamon powdered with a little Saffron or half a drachm of Confection of Alkerms in broath or half a scruple of Saffron alone in some broath or every hour in a little VVine Or Take of Oil of sweet Almonds and of white Wine each two ounces of Saffron and Cinnamon each twelve grains of Confection of Alkermes half a drachm of syrup of Maiden-hair one ounce and an half mingle them make a Potion If these things are not sufficient the following may be used which I have frequently found very effectual Take of Dittany of Crete and both the Birthworts and of Troches of Myrrh each half a scruple of Saffron and Cinnamon each twelve grains of Confection of Alkermes half a drachm of Cinnamon-water half an ounce of Orange-flower-water and of Mugwort-water each one ounce make a Potion Oil of Ambar of Cinnamon and extract of Saffron are very effectual in a small quantity viz. five grains of extract of Saffron four or five drops of Oil of Cinnamon twelve or fifteen drops of Oil of Ambar in VVine Broath or some other Liquor Sneesing hastens Delivery it may be provoked by the following Powder Take of white Hellebore half a drachm of long Pepper one scruple of Castor five grains make a Powder let the quantity of a Pease be blown up into the Nostrils But difficult Labour must be helpt not only with inward Remedies proposed but also with external let the Midwife therefore frequently anoint the VVomb with the Oils of Lillies sweet Almonds Linseed and the like and let the Belly be fomented with an emollient decoction of the Roots of Marsh-mallows Lillies the leaves of Mallows Violets Mugwort of Linseeds Fenugreek-seeds of the flowers of Camomile and Melilot Sharp Glisters are to be injected by the irritation of which the expulsive faculty of the VVomb will be stimulated and the Guts being emptied thereby there will be more room for the VVomb Anoint the Navel with Oil of Ambar and such things as are thought to help Delivery by a specifick quality are to be used as the Eagle's-stone the Load-stone Storax Calamint and the like bound to the Hips and if the Woman has any Gems about her as in Rings or the like they must be pull'd off for many Women think that such things retain the Child by a specifick Quality If the Child seem to be weak it must be refreshed by giving strengthening things to the Mother as hot Wine Confection of Alkermes Cinnamon-water and the like If the Child begins to come forth preposterously as with one Arm or first with the foot or the like the Midwife must thrust them back and turn the Child right which may be done by placing the VVoman in a Bed upon her back with her Head low and her feet high and then force the Child gently into the VVomb and then the Midwife must endeavour to turn it right viz. to turn the Face towards the Mothers back and the Buttocks and Legs must be elevated towards the Mothers Navel and so she must hasten a legitimate Birth But all hopes of Delivery being past or the Mother being near Death some Authors propose the Cesarian Section whereof Franciscus Rossetus wrote an excellent Treatise wherein he endeavours to shew by many Arguments that it may sometimes succeed But because this operation is dangerous and very terrible it ought rarely or never to be attempted by a prudent Physician if he values his own Reputation CHAP. CVIII Of a Dead Child WHen the Child is dead the Motion of it ceases which either the Mother felt before in the Womb or the Midwife with her Hand a greater sense of weight with Pain afflicts the Belly when the Woman turns from side to side she perceives the Child fall like a Stone from one part to another the Belly feels cold the natural Heat being extinguish'd and the Spirits dissipated which were contained in the Child the Eyes are hollow the Face and Lips pale the extream parts cold and livid the Breasts flaccid and at length the Child putrifying a fetid Ichor and Sanies flows from the Womb an ill and strong smell exhales from the Woman's Body and her Breath stinks If the Secundine be excluded before the Fetus it is a certain Sign that the Child is dead The whole Cure consists in the exclusion or extraction of the Child Take of the Leaves of Savin dryed of the Roots of round Birthwort of the Troches of Myrrh and of Castor each one drachm of Cinnamon half a drachm of Saffron one scruple Mingle them make a Powder whereof let her take one drachm in Savin Water In the mean while apply to the Pubes Privities and Perineum an emolient Decoction After the Fomentation anoint the Parts with the Ointment de Arthanita and let a Pessary be put up the Privities Take of the Roots of round Birthwort Orris black Helebore of Coloquintida and Myrrh each one drachm of Galbanum and opopanax each half a drachm With Ox-Gall make a Pessary It is also proper if the Strength be sufficient to give a Purge Angelus
of the Oak factitious Cinnabar and of Elk's Hoof each half an Ounce Dose half a Scruple or one Scruple Some find benefit by Shaving the Head and by applying to the forepart of it a Plaister Take of the Roots and Seeds of Peony of Castor of Misleto of the Oak and of Man's Skull finely powder'd each one Dram of the Plaister of Bettony two Ounces of Carrana Tacamahaca each two Drams of Balsam Copaiba a sufficient quantity make a Plaister spread on Leather and apply it to the Sutures of the Head Anoint the Temples and Nostrils often with Oyl of Ambar either by it self or mixed with Oyl of Copaiba Sneesing Powders and Apophlegmatisms must be used every Morning Take of white Hellebore one ounce of Castor and Euphorbium each half a dram of sweet Marjoram and the Leaves of Rue each two drams make a Powder which you may dissolve with Mustard in a decoction of Sage or hyssop and with it wash and gargle the Mouth Glysters may be used daily upon occasion 'T is said that six or eight Ounces of the decoction of Gujacum taken twice a day and the second decoction of it used for ordinary drink as is used in the French Pox will Cure this Disease CHAP. V. Of Childrens Convulsions CHildrens Convulsions in Latin Epilepsia puerorum are so frequent that it is almost the only Species of Convulsions They are chiefly subject to them in the first Month and at the time they breed Teeth but they also happen at other times and proceed from other causes in such are disposed to them Sometimes they do not come presently after the Birth but lye hid until the breeding of Teeth or not till a great while after and take their rise from other evident Causes either Internal or External as from an Unhealthy or Big-bellied Nurse from Milk coagulated or corrupted in the Stomach from a Feaverish Disposition from Ulcers or Scabs of the Head or of other Parts suddenly disappearing from changes of the Air or from the Conjunction or opposite Aspects of the Sun and Moon We must endeavour to prevent these Convulsions in Children and Infants or to Cure them when they are come for if the former Children of the same Parents have been subject to Convulsive Fits this Disease ought to be prevented by the early use of Remedies in such as are born after To this end it is customary to give to new-born Babes as soon as they begin to breath some Medicine proper for Convulsions Some upon this occasion give some drops of pure Hony others a Spoonful of Canary-wine sweetned with Sugar or Oyl of Almonds fresh drawn others give a drop of Oyl of Ambar or half a Spoonful of Epileptick water Besides these things used at first which certainly do good some other Remedies ought to be administred for instance give a Spoonful twice a day of the following Liquor Take of the Waters of Black Cherries and Rue each one Ounce and a half of Langius's Antiepilectick Water one Ounce of Syrup of Coral six Drams of prepared Pearl fifteen Grains mingle them in a Viol. The third or fourth day after the Birth make an Issue in the Neck and if the Countenance be florid evacuate by bleeding an Ounce and an half or two Ounces of Blood from the Jugular Veins but take care that too much Blood do not flow out in sleep rub gently the Temples with the following Linement Take of Oyl of Nutmegs by expression two Drams of Balsam of Copaiba three Drams of Ambar one Scruple mix them Hang round the Neck the Roots and Seeds of Male-peony and a little Elks hoof sewed up in a Rag Moreover Medicines proper for Convulsions must be given daily to the Nurse Let her take Morning and Evening a Draught of Whey wherein the Roots of Male-peony or the Seeds of Sweet Fennel have been boiled Take of the Conserves of the flowers of Bettony Male-peony and Rosemary flowers each two Ounces of the Powders of the Roots and Flowers of Male-peony each two Drams of red Coral prepared and white Ambar each one Dram of the Roots of Angelica and Zodoary prepared each half a Dram with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Peony make an Electuary Let her take the quantity of a Nutmeg Morning and Evening and be very orderly in her Diet. But if any Infant be actually seized with Convulsions because the Issue does not run well you must apply a Blister to the Neck or behind the Ears and if the Infant be not of a cold Constitution Blood must be drawn from the Jugular Veins by Leeches and Linements must be used to the Temples Nostrils and Neck and to the Soles of the Feet and Glisters which empty the Belly plentifully must be injected Moreover often in a day namely every sixth or eighth hour Specifick Remedies must be given Take of Oyl of Copaiba and of Castor each two Drams of Ambar half a Dram make a Linement Apply to the Soles of the Feet the Plaister with Euphorbium spread on Leather Take of prepared Pearls of the Powder de Gutteta each one Dram mingle them for twelve Papers whereof let him take one Morning and Evening in a Spoonful of the following Julap drinking after it one or two Spoonfuls Take of the Waters of Black Cherries and of Lilly of the Vallies each two Ounces of Fennel-water and Compound Peony water each two Drams of Syrup of red Poppies six Drams Take of the Powder of the Seeds of Rue of Castor of Assafaetida each a sufficient quantity mingle them and tye it up in a Rag sprinkle it with Vinegar and put it often to the Nostrils Vntzerus commends much the Gall of a Sucking Kitlin all the Juice being taken out of the Bladder and mixed with a little water of Lime-flowers and given to the Child An excellent Physician lately told me that he had known several Children cured with this Remedy When by reason of breeding Teeth difficultly Convulsions happen this Symptom is Secondary and less Dangerous and therefore does not require the first and chief work of Healing for sometimes we are more Solicitous to ease the Pain and take off the Feaverish Disposition And therefore a thin and cooling Diet is ordered for the Eruption of the Teeth either by rubbing or cutting the Gums and things that are anodine are applied to the swelled and pained Parts and here Glisters and Bleeding are often used and we ought to procure Sleep and to qualifie the Fury of the Blood in the mean while Temperate Medicines for Convulsions and such as do the least stir the Humours are to be used and Blisters because they evacuate the Serum too apt to be poured upon the Head do often give relief When Children are seized with Convulsions not presently after the Birth or upon breeding Teeth but from other Occasions and Accidents the cause for the most part of such is either in the Head or in the Bowels when the former is suspected as is wont to be