Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	death_n	sin_n	suffer_v	2,561	5	6.6311	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A14254	The sacke of Roome exsequuted by the Emperour Charles armie euen at the natiuitie of this Spanish Kinge Philip. Notablie described in a Spanish dialogue, with all the horrible accidents of this sacke, and abhominable sinnes, superstitions & diseases of that cittie, which prouoked these iust iudgements of God. Translated latelie into the English tounge, neuer fitter to bee read nor deeplier considered, then euen now at this present time.; Diálogo en que particularmente se tratan las cosas acaecidas en Roma el año de M.D.XXVII. English	Valdés, Alfonso de, d. 1532.	1590 (1590)	STC 24569; ESTC S101792	58,810	80

conuert you and therfore permitted those Souldiers that sacked Rome with Don Hugo and also that the Collonesi should make that assault whereof your selfe now complaine for seeing that all were now become shamelesse and the behauiour and course of life they all held he sought to make them doe that for feare of loosing their liues which for feare of destroying their soules they would not do And God seeing that there was no other way left to deliuer his Children from perdition he hath done with you euen as your selfe said you would haue done with the Scholemaister of the Children which should infect them with his vices and would not amend Arch. It may bee as you say but what had the image committed what offences had the Reliques done or the dignities or the honest and good people which were also robbed and ill intreated Latt I pray you report me the matter euen as it passed seeing you were there present and I will tell you the cause as I thinke why God permitted euerie of those thinges that yee shall trulie recompt vnto me Arch. Great reason yee haue surely in all this that you haue said I shal with a verie good will do that you haue required and heare whatsoeuer you wil say with a much better You are therefore to know that the Emperours Armie hauing left their Artillerie at Sena which was but a small quantitie with the greatest speed that euer was heard of marched euen to Rome and arriued there the fifth of May. Latt But what was the reason the Pope sent not to require some communication Arch. Nay the good Duke of Burbone sent to desire of the Pope that he would send some person with whom he might treat vpon his entrance into Rome But the Pope relying vppon his new league that he had made and the Armie of the leaguers hauing promised to come to his succors hee would not enter into any manner of communication And when the Armie knew this the very next day in the morning they resolued to assault the Citie And such was our ill fortune that euen at the beginning and within the Towne one with an Harquebuze happened to kill the good Duke of Burbone whose death was the cause of much ill Latt Surely it euen breakes my hart to heare of so vnhappy a death Arch. Our sinnes was the cause for if he had liued there had not bin so much mischiefe done Latt Now would to God you had not had those faultes but who euer heard that the sinnes of a Citie should cause their destruction that came to assaile them Arch. In this matter it may bee well said for the Duke of Burbone came not to conquere vs but to defende vs from his owne armie hee came not to sacke vs but to keepe vs that wee should not be sacked It is wee that had most cause to lament his death for himselfe there is no man but rather doth enuy him then pitie him for he lost his life with the greatest honor that euer did man by his death atteined that which a number of great Captains were neuer able to atteine so that the verie memorie of him wil be alwaies most honorable onely one thing greeueth me that is the peril of his soule dying excommunicate Latt And why excommunicate Arch. Because hee entred with an armed hand into the territories of the Church and sought to assaile the holy citie of Rome Latt Do you know what one decree saith to wit that manie are excommunicate by the Pope that are not excommunicate by God neither doth the Pope entend that he should be excommunicat that remaineth within the terrritories of the Church with intention to defend them and in al that he can to prouide that they should not receaue any damage as this Prince did Arch. Yee say truth neuerthelesse his first motion was voluntarie Latt Of this your selfe before verie wel declared the cause for hee was bound to defend the kingdome of Naples beeing by the Emperor made his lieftenant generall for all Italie neither went he to possesse the landes of the Church but to prohibite the Pope that he should not possesse the landes territories of the Emperour and to bring him to some vnitie and concord with his Maiestie Arch. Well let that be so but to returne to our purpose The Emperors armie was so desirous to enter Rome some to robbe and spoile others for the extreame hatred they bare to that court of Rome and some both for the one and the other cause that the Spaniards and Italians on the one side by scale And the Almanes on the other side by Pickaxes breaking downe the wall entred by the Burge on which side stands as you know the Church of Saint Peeter and the holy Pallace Latt Yea and a great manie of verie good houses of Cardinals Of one thing I verie much maruell that they within hauing Artillerie and those without hauing none how it was possible for them so easily to enter without the slaughter of an hundred onely of themselues But of you how many were slaine Arch. Sir you know how vncerteine reportes are alwaies in such like matters Some say Sixe thousand men but in truth there died not vpon the entrie aboue four thousand for imediatly they retired themselues into the Cittie and I tell you truth I should haue deemed this a verie great miracle if afterwarde I had not seene the same souldiers haue done that they did wherby I cannot beleeue that God would do so great a miracle for them Latt You are much deceaued for God did not this miracle for them but to punish and correct you Arch. Therein I beleeue you say the verie truth Latt I woonder after their Generall was slaine that they were not dismaied as commonly men are and so did not leaue the fight Arch. So was it surely but the death of this Generall inflamed them more and encreased their desire to enter the citie with greater furie then before Latt Yee tell mee woonders Arch. Surely so it was and this good duke of Burbone was so beleeued of all that euerie man desired himselfe to die or to reuenge the death of him Latt And therefore it was he me thinks that was cause of all that crueltie Arch. It is most likely to be so Lat. Oh mighty God how meruelous art thou in al thy works in each perticular how wonderfully discouerest thou thy power thou determinest that this good Duke should bee killed to the end that with the more rigor thy iustice should bee executed but let vs see where was the Pope all this while Arch. Euen in his owne Pallace and so carlesse that it was a woonder hee was not taken but seeing in how bad tearmes matters stood hee retired himselfe to the Castle of Saint Angelo with 13. Cardinals and other Bishops and principall persons which staied with him And presently the Ennemies entred and spoiled and sacked all that was in the Pallace and the like did they in

they had taken the Gold and Siluer what did they with the bones Arch. The Almanes threw them downe some in the Church yard some in the holy Field others drew them to the howses of the Prince of Orenge and other Captaines and the Spaniards as the people most religious drew them all to the house of Iohn de Vrbina Latt What so dispoiled Arch. See what you doubt I my selfe saw one basketfull in the house of the same Iohn de Vrbina Latt And do you take this for the most hainous Arch. This is cleere Latt But come hether is not one bodie liuing woorth an hundred dead Arch. Yes Latt Then much more grieuous was the death of those 4. thousand men which you speak of then the sacke of these Reliques Arch. And why so Latt Because the Reliques are dead bodies and the men were liuing and your selfe haue alreadie acknowledged that one such is woorth an hundred of the other Arch. You say true but these were the bodies of holie men and so were not the other Latt So much the woorse for the soules of these saints feele not the bad handling of their bodies they being now in blisse but these wicked ones dying in sinne goe to hell and so perish both Soule and bodie Archb. It is as you say but neuerthelesse it is an horrible thing that in our daies we should see such a bolde and outragious action Latt Surely so it is and yet is it not without cause that God hath suffered it for the deceipts were great that they vsed with these Reliques to beguile the simple people and to get their money from them for yee haue many Reliques that they will shew you in two or three seuerall places as if you goe to Dura in Almanie they will there shewe you the head of Saint Anne the mother of our Ladye and the very same they will shew you also at Lyons in Fraunce So that manifest it is that one or both are false vnlesse they would haue vs beleeue also that our Ladie had two mothers or Saint Anne two heads And one or bothe these being counterfait is it not a great wickednesse thus to deceiue the people and to worship a dead carkasse that perhaps was of some theefe hanged But tell me which thinke you to be the greatest inconuenience either that we should want the body of Saint Anne or that vnder pretence of that relique they should make you worship the carkasse of some common woman Arch. Surely I had rather there should neither be that relique nor any other then that they should make me worship a Sinner insteed of a Saint Latt Nay would you not rather that these bodies of Saint Anne at Dura and Lyons were put in a Sepulture and neuer shewed then that so many people should be abused by them Arch. Yes surely Latt And of this sort yee had an infinite number of Reliques in the world and little should be our losse if we had none of them at all and would to God the inconueniences were so remedied The foreskin of our Sauiour cut off in circumcision I haue seene in Rome and in Burgos and the very same they will shew you also at our Ladies Church in Antwerpe Likewise the head of Saint Iohn Baptist yee may see both in Rome and at Amians in Fraunce But the Apostles if we will count them albeit there were indeed but twelue and one of them not to be found and an other in the Indians yet shall we find aboue 24. of them in our part of the world The Nayles of the crosse Eusebius writes were three and one of them Saint Hellen the mother of the Emperour Constantine threw into the Adriatike sea to asswage a tempest an other she caused to be cast into an helmet for her Sonne and of the third she caused a bridle to be made for her horse and yet haue you in Rome one and an other in Millaine and an other in Coloine and an other in Paris and an other in Lyons and I wot not how many elsewhere Then for the crosse if all the peeces which they shew thereof through Christendome were gathered together yee should haue wood inough to lade a Charects And of the teeth that Christ changed when he was a Child euen in Fraunce alone ye haue at least fiue hundred Then of the milke of our Lady of the heyre of Marie Magdelen and the teeth of Saint Christopher there are reliques innumerable And then euen of the vncertentie of these things it is a great shame to see and heare what themselues giue out to the people My selfe last day in a very auncient Abbey was shewed a table of their Reliques and there amongst other things it named a peece of the Riuer of Cedron I demaunded whether it were of the water or of the Stones of the Riuer they tould mee I must not iest at their Reliques an other was of the earth wherevpon the Angel did appeare to the Shepheards but I durst not aske them what they ment thereby If I should tell you of a number of their rediculous and impious things which they will tell they haue As of the wing of Saint Gabriell of the penitence of Mary Magdalen the breath of the Mule and Oxe of the shadow of the staffe of Saint Iames of the doublet of the Trinitie a number of other things like to these It were inough to make vs burst with laughing Onely I will tell you how within these fewe dayes in a collegiall Church they shewed me a ribbe of the holye Sauiour whether they haue anye other sauiour then Iesus Christe or whether he left any ribbe heere behind them let them looke Arch. These things indeed as you say are rather to be laught at then lamented Latt You haue reason and therefore I come to the other things which be vncertaine yea and if they were certaine yet are they stumbling blocks to make a man commit Idolatrie for they cause vs to hold them in so great reuerence as euen in Aquisgrane albeit they haue no other relique but a paire of olde breeches which they say were S. Iosephs which they shew not but euery fiue yeeres once there goeth thether an infinit number of people to behold them as a thing diuine and of these matters we make so great accoumpt as if in one Church on the one side there stande in a shrine of Gold the slippers of saint Christopher and on the other side the holy Sacrament the people will rather choose to go say their praiers before the slippers of S. Christopher then before the sacrament and this being so great a wickednesse they doe not onely not reprooue it but most willingly admit and allow it in respect of the great profit they gather by it and the fine deuises they haue inuented for it Let vs see then which were the greater inconuenience either to haue no reliques at all in the world or to haue men thus abused by them Arch. I cannot tell neither would

I trouble my head with these profound matters Latt And how profound which thinke you of greatest valew either the soule of some simple bodie or the body of a Saint Arch. This is out of question that a soule is much better then a body Latt Why then what reason haue you in seeking to honor the body of some saints as they say which perhaps notwithstanding is the boddy of some theefe to put in perrill so many soules Arch. You say the trueth and therefore may they very well thereof admonish the ignorant and simple sort Latt Very well and yet euen these that should admonish are many times themselues ignorant And yet besides all this why should you put any one soule in danger without necessitie Let vs see if you would in this Towne goe to our Ladies church of Prado and knew not the waye would you not thinke it a verye great inhumanity if any man would direct you through the Riuer with greate daunger to drowne you therein when you might more safelye and more quickelye haue gone ouer by the Bridge Arch. Yes surely Latt And wherefore then do you seeke after Reliques Arch. Because many times they stir me to deuotion Latt And deuotion to what end desire you Arch. To salue my soule Latt Seeing then you may saue your Soule without perill of damning it woulde you not rather choose the more safe waie Arch. Yes and our confessors also say it is a sinne for vs wittingly to put our selues in danger to sinne Latt They say therein the very truth Arch. But yet what way haue you of greater safetie Latt The same which Christ himselfe taught to loue God aboue all things and to put in him our whole trust Arch. You say the truth But because I cannot do that I go about to doe this other Latt This is a great heresie to say you cannot do it desire at least of God grace to doe it But if you will say you do request it and that God will not doe it you make God a lyar who saith Aske and you shall haue And farther what a blindnesse is this doe you thinke to goe to heauen without fulfilling of the commaundements of God albeit you haue an Arme of a Saint or the peece of the Crosse or the whole Crosse in your house you may be an enemie to the crosse and doe you thinke to saue your selfe by the Crosse Arch. Surely I was deceiued Latt Then behold the common sort haue so much more iust cause to complaine on them that lead them into these and such other like superstitions to put them in danger of their soules then you of him that should guide you through the riuer with danger to drowne you as the soule is more worthie then the bodie Arch. Well but yet the common sort are more easilye by things visible induced and directed to the inuisible Latt You say truely and therefore hath Iesus Christ left vs his holye sacrament of the Altar and hauing this I knowe not wherefore we haue need of any other Arch. And the true reliques indeed would you not haue them kept and garnished with Gold and Siluer Latt No surely Arch. Wherefore Latt Not to giue occasion of such another spoile as this of Rome nor yet to make men thinke that the Saints are pleased to possesse these things that those which are good men do glory to contemne Arch. You say well but doe you not see yet that the Saints may be offended with vs for taking away the Golde and siluer wherein their bones be inclosed and being so offended may doe vs some hurt Latt No rather I thinke they would be verie well pleased to see those thinges taken and imploied on the poore who many times perish for famin not hauing what to eate Arch. That vnderstand not I vnlesse you explaine your meaning better Latt I wil shew you plainly that Saint which whilest hee liued in this world and had need of these goods did neuerthelesse leaue them and empart them to the poore for the loue of Christ Iesu do you not beleeue that much more he would be pleased to haue the same done now after his death when he hath no cause at all to vse them Arch. Yes surely I think so for wee that be no Saintes yet when we die and cannot carrie our goods with vs wee are well pleased to giue them to the poore and to deuide them among Churches and Monasteries Lattan Why then tell mee wherefore should you thinke a Saint should bee greeued to haue that done with his goods now hee is dead which himselfe would haue done if he were aliue Arch. No surely I thinke a Saint would be verie wel pleased to see that done with his goods now he is dead which himselfe would haue done if he were aliue Latt Then you see plainly that the Saintes who while they liued were so wel pleased to distribute their owne goods among the poore would now much more bee pleased to helpe the poore with that siluer and gold which good people haue presented vnto them after they were dead Arch. So God saue me this reason is verie good and I beleeue you say herein also the verie truth and yet surely the common sort would be offended Lattan No on my faith I dare assure you there would bee no offence taken if it were prouided that such superstitious people as regarded more theire Bellye then the Glorie of Christ Iesus shoulde not goe aboute to prouoke them to offence Arch. Surely for this matter I hold my selfe fullie satisfied Lattan Thus you see how Iesus Christ hath suffred that in Rome so greate a Sacke and spoile should bee committed on Reliques to remedie the dec●iptes that were committed by them Archde Well this I confesse so as you will also declare vnto mee touching the small reuerence vsed towardes the Images what the reason should bee that God would suffer that Latt That I will tell you neither will I denie that it was verie ill done but God hath permitted it not without verie great cause For you may see among the common people yea and euen among many of the principall persons also that they did so muche repose themselues vppon Images and thinges visible that they had no care at all of the inuisible In my Countrey a verie good Man a Deuine going a visitation of a Bishopricke in the behalfe of the Bishoppe founde in one Church an Image of our Ladie which they saide did manie Miracles and was set ouer against an Altar of the Sacrament in comparison whereof all Images in the Worlde are lesse then nothing And yet thereunto might you see them kneeling and knocking of their breastes before that Image of our Ladie The good man when hee saw so great an Ignominie as was thereby done to our Sauiour Iesus Christ conceiued so great a griefe as hee tooke away that Image and brake it into peeces The people so much were mooued with this act that they would haue killed him but GOD

deliuered him out of theire handes The Clergie of that Churche beeing offended for theire rentes that thereby they had lost trauelled with the people to complaine to the Bishop thinking he would presently send to burne the poore visitator The Bishoppe like a wise Man vnderstanding the matter how it passed reprooued the Visitor of the contempt hee had committed in breaking the Image into peeces but commended much his act in remoouing it from that place so that seeing there was so fewe such good Visitors in Christendome that would be agreeued with the dishonour done to GOD and to take away such superstitious God permitted these Souldiers to commit that spoile you speake of to the ende that leauing all superstition wee should in such sorte honor Images as wee do not dishonor Iesus Christ Archd. Surely this is a most Godlie consideration and farther I promise you there is great need of remedie in this matter especially in Italie Latt Nay euen here also aswell as there And if you will looke well into this matter you shal see the verie same deceipts in Images that were in Reliques Archde I knowe you saye truely but I coulde tell you of another matter that euen in thinking of it my fleshe trembleth Latt Tell it mee and be not afraid Arch. Can you imagine a greater wickednesse then to breake open the Pixe of the Altar and to let faule on the ground the holie Sacrament Is it possible any good can come of this Oh Christian eares that can endure to heare it Latt Good God and haue you seene this too Arch. No but surely all men say it was so Latt That which I haue heard was that a Souldier tooke the Pixe of Gold and left the sacrament vppon the Altar and did not throw it down on the ground as you say but howsoeuer it was a meruellous boldnesse and woorthie of great correction but in truth it is no new matter but a thing that happeneth many times amonge Souldiers and the fault is theirs which choose rather to liue in warre then in peace But if it had neuer bin heard of before do you think this to be the greatest abhomition that could be done think you that it were not much woorse to throw it into a dunghill Arch. How into a dunghill Lattan I will tell you but first tell mee which stinketh woorst before GOD a deade Dogge that lieth vpon a Doung hill or a Soule that obstinatelye continueth in his sinnes Arch. A Soule for Saint Augustine saith Quod tollerabilius fetet Canis putridus hominibus quam anima peccatrix Deo Latt Then you will not deuie me that a sinful soule is a foule filthie dunghill Arch. No surely Lattan Seeing then a Priest that rising in the Morning from his Queane that I saye no woorse of course goeth to say Masse A Prieste I saye that holdes his Benefice by Symmonye and carrieth in his hart mortall rancor against his neighbour that by right or wrong will heape vp ritches becomming obstinate in these and other vices yea in much more woorse then these goe euerie daie to receaue the Sacrament do you not thinke that to let it fall in such an one is muche woorse then to let it fall into a stinkinge Dounghill Arch. You talke to mee in a new language I know not what to answere you Lattan I meruell not though truth seeme to you a new language But behold now how this is the cause that God hath suffered these things to be done that Clarkes seeing how great abhomination it is to handle in this sort the Bodie of Christ might thereby knowe and remember that themselues haue handled it muche woorse that departing from their wicked manner of liuinge they might clense their Soules from vices and beautifye it with Vertues that Christe might come to dwell in them and not to keepe him as they doe bannished from them Arch. Now as God saue me you haue verie well satisfyed me in all my doubtes and I was euen now meruelling to see how blinded all men were in these externall thinges without hauing regard to the internall Lattan You haue verie great reason to meruell for in verie truth it is a great pittie to see the false opinions wherein the common sorte are drowned and howe backwarde wee are to become Christians and howe contrarie our woorkes are to the Doctrine of Christ Iesus and howe wee are burthened with Superstitions and in mine opinion all proceede from a pestiferous Auarice and pestilent Ambition which at this time raigneth much more among Christians then in any other time to what purpose do you thinke do they perswade the people that an Image of Woode goeth to recouer Prisoners and returnes all sweating but onelie to allure the simple sort to make offeringes to that Image to make thereof their owne profit neither haue they anie feare of GOD in this sorte to abuse and deceaue the people as thoughe our Ladie had no other meane to redeeme Prisoners but to take with her a woodden Image And albe it this bee a most ridiculous thinge yet do the common people by reason of their authoritte beleeue it and in this manner they make men also beleeue that if they cause so many masses to be said with so many candles at the second sorrow that you shall recouer that you haue lost O wretched sinner knowest thou not that in this superstition this cannot but bee a worke of the diuell And were it not better thou shouldest loose all that thou hast in the world then that thou shouldest introduce into a thing so holy a thing so wicked Euen of like accoumpt are these names which you carry about your necks to escape death by fire by water and the handes of enemyes enchantments and charmes made as the common people call them for men and beasts I cannot imagine how we came into so great a blindnesse that wee are falne into a manner of Gentillitie He that will seeke to honour a Saint should trauaile to follow his holy vertue but now in liewe thereof wee chase Buls vpon his daye besides many other abuses which are committed we say and hold it a great deuotion to kill foure Buls vpon S. Bartholmewes day and if we kill them not we are afraide that he will spoile our Vines what greater gentilitye can you wish then this what is it lesse to hould deuotion in killing foure Buls on his daie then to sacrifice foure Buls vnto S. Bartholmew I doe not thinke it ill that the people for recreation should assemble chase and kill Buls on that day but I thinke surelye that it is a wicked thing to thinke that by such acts we please God or his Saints for in truth betweene killing of Buls with such intent and sacrificing of Buls I know no difference Will you see another Heathenish custome as plaine as this Behold how we haue deuided among our Saints euen the very same offices that the gods of Paynims had insteed of Mars we haue S.