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cause_n	death_n	know_v	life_n	2,879	5	4.5653	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A62853	A treatise of lithotomy, or, Of the extraction of the stone out of the bladder written in French by Mr. Tolet ... ; translated into English by A. Lovell.; Traité de la lithotomie. English	Tolet, François, 1647-1724.; Lovell, Archibald.	1683 (1683)	Wing T1775; ESTC R18681	65,586	200

for Men to use it a right the Girdle is to be put about the Patients Body and one end of it being carried within the Collar and both ends tied one of the ends of the Tail of the T. is to be taken betwixt the Thighs and making it pass obliquely upon the dressing it is tied to the Girdle in the opposite side to that from whence it is taken the same is to be done to the other end fastening them together by a kind of a knot called the Mariners knot having a care not to stop up the passage of the Anus Fainting Convulsion and Vomiting go often hand in hand together but the last appears more frequently than the others it is remedied by Wine and by cordial Potions made of Treacle the Confection of Hyacinth Alkermes Coral prepared Pearle Powder of Vipers Syrup of Pomegranats in Balm Water and Scorzonera Water Carduus benedictus and Woodforell c. according to the various indications these Medicines and the Dose of them are to be chosen and determined according to the advice of a Physician giving them at first in a small quantity often renewed because of the debility of the Stomach When the Vomiting is stopt the Convulsion ceases and the fainting is cured by succulent nutriment such as good Gellies strong Broths new laid Eggs which strengthen the Patient if they stay with him the reason is evident because inanition is the cause of these two Symptoms and the Animal Spirits being but in a small quantity prick the Nerves which contract and draw towards their Origination The Wound does sometimes foul and by too great suppuration according to Guy of Chauliac it is observed to degenerate into a sordid Ulcer and most commonly virulent because of the Acrimony of the Urine and irritated Humours that grow mordicant and biting These kinds of Ulcers are never without Inflammation Itching and Excoriation of the part for such accidents we are to make use of diverting restraining and local Medicines applied according to the Temperament of the part and the counsel of the same Author in the Chapter of Wounds with Hemorrhage When many Symptoms appear together the same Rule is to be observed and to have regard to the order the urgency and the cause and especially to that which is most urgent amongst other things carefully observing the effects of topical Medicines wherein Chirurgery does most consist For curing of Diliriums and Light-headedness strong broths are given minced meat made with Veal Pullets Partridges cut small and put into an earthen then Pot glazed without water well luted and digested in Balneo Mariae hearty food that is full of good Juyce and of easie Concoction for speedy repairing of the inanition and tempering the Animal Spirits the truth is a Dilirium with cold in the Extremities are of such affinity one with another that they may be put into the same rank and a Dilirium after Lithotomy is as it were the last degree of the Disease the strugling of Nature and the forerunner of Death CHAP. XX. Of the Ischuria or suppression of Vrine THE Bladder is a Membranous part that may be distended and enlarged by the quantity of matter contained therein and when it is full or stimulated that which is within opens the Sphincter that it may make to it self a passage into the Vrethra When all things are in a natural state Man suffers no inconveniency because the things contained within are in due time evacuated but congealed Blood or coagulated Pus condensed Seed a Stone a Fungous Body gross Humours or Phlegm with Sand one or more of the inferiour Vertebraes Luxated hardened Excrements a Child dead in the Mothers Womb a Carnosity or Callosity sometimes stop the Sphincter of the Bladder or a place of the Vrethra it is the same when a Viscous Humour causes a Numness of the Bladder or when a Patient is in a dull and drouzie fit which is occasioned by a diversion of sensation an extasie in the Brain or a convulsion of the Nerve which goes from the Os sacrum to the Sphincter of the Bladder and by Malignant Feavers Besides those causes of suppression of Urine which we have reckoned up we are to take notice of the shrinking or flagging of the Vrethra to which Old Men are subject the Compression of the Neck of the Bladder caused by the falling down or inflammation of the Matrix or the Prostates and Parastates the internal Hemorrhoide Veins or by a great quantity of Urine which distends the Fibres of the Bladder as is related by Pareus L. XVII of a Young Man who having kept his Urine too long fell into a suppression though he had no Stone and was cured by the Catheter Fabrit Hild. says L. de Lith Chap. 3. Col. I. that that excellent Mathematician Tycho-brahe being in a great assembly at Prague where being forced to keep his water very long he fell into so violent a Suppression that he could not be cured but died of it The retention of Urine from what cause soever it proceed produces a violent Pain and insupportable inflammation in all the Neighbouring parts of the Bladder from whence a suppression is occasioned because the Urine is not voided and that it is continually augmented in quantity In that case Patients are all over in a heat their eyes look red their face burning have an Oppression Restlesness Feaver a hard painful and very large Swelling above the Pubis bilious Vomitings and all these troublesome Symptoms reduce them to such a state that without speedy help they expect nothing but death The Chirurgeon will know that it is a clot of Blood that is the cause of the Suppression if the Patient hath been lately Wounded in the Kidneys or hath pissed Blood if an Ulcer in the Kidneys has preceded and the Patient hath made Purulent water he may conjecture that a collection of thick and viscous Pus is the cause of it if the signs of the Stone have appeared he is to acquaint the by-standers with it he may discern it from a Fungus by the Catheter unless the Stone be wrapped in a Coat he may know if it be a Carnosity or Callosity by means of the Catheter or a searing Candle I say nothing of the Patients manner of living whose excesses may have been the cause of sharp Humours or a great inflammation nor shall I neither speak of other causes which manifest themselves Now if many causes of Suppression joyn together the diversity of Symptoms will serve for a sign to make the Prognostick by The Patient cannot for many days endure a Suppression without being much weakened and in danger When it is caused by a falling down of the Matrix there is no more to be done but to reduce that part when the Hemorrhoides press the Neck of the Bladder they must be opened with a Lancet or Leeches the Numness of the Bladder is remedied by a grain of Salt or Nitre put into the passage of the Urine or with a composition

Elementary Bodies are mixed so that a simple unmixt Body is not to be found The Air wherein we live and which we breath is full of little Bodies separated from different Substances and contributes to our Health and Sickness If then one breath a thick and gross Air if he drink thick and rough Wines that are not fine muddy Waters of Lakes into which several Brooks empty themselves or such as Petrifie other Bodies or Snow-water which contain matters that being frequently drank may lessen the motion of the Humours if he eat a great deal of unleavened Bread Water-fowl Curds Pap Old Cheese hard Eggs stony Fruits that are tart and not fully Ripe as Quinces Medlars Pears if he feed on Beer Pork or the Legs and Feet of Animals Eels Salt and Spiced Meats or if he frequently make use of Medicines which cause the more subtile parts to transpire as Sudorificks and Diureticks If he bestir himself too violently at any time and especially after eating The long use or the excess of these things will be the cause of the Stone as likewise too much idleness and sleeping too long upon the back because the Earthy parts of gross Food may meet together in several places and disturbing one another stop the passage If those who take the greatest care of their Health are not exempted from Living on Food which contains slimy parts as strong Broths what may we think must befall them who to excess eat and drink indifferently of all things or indeed but to Moderation since our Victuals participate of a Terrestrial Matter mingled with a kind of Salt and Chymistry teaches us that in the Body of Man there are some Juices which dissolve and liquifie our Food and others again that thicken it whence it may be concluded that if the one of these Liquors by mingling with our Food renders it fluid but then being confusedly hurried away and conveyed by streighter passages it may be that the same Liquor does escape and more easily glide away than the Nourishment that is retained in and does Nourish the part or even destroy it according to the proportion or disproportion of the Humours which in general may be called Alimentary It is much the same if a Terrestrial Juice remain with the Food after Chylification for being circulated through all the parts of the Body if it transpire not it will clog and obstruct and many parts of the same Nature joyning together will there produce a Stone CHAP. IV. Of the Consequences that are drawn from the foregoing Chapter and how the Stone is defined THE Blood is carried to all the parts of the Body but if its motion be more rapid than is usual it may distend the Capsules and Ureters and make some drops of Blood fall into the Bladder or other gross Particles mingled with the Urine which will then be red bricky and gravelly People do not always make water so soon as the Serosity is separated from the mass of Blood If there be a small Stone in the Kidney it may ulcerate it It descends towards the head of the Ureter and when it is rough or of an excessive bigness in respect of the narrowness of the passage it stops it or by the impulse and force of the Urine that follows making a great dilatation it opens a passage for it self unto the very Bladder the patient in the mean time suffering most violent Nephritick Colicks which sometimes are the cause of his Death On the contrary every soft part having a peculiar sense of feeling if the Kidneys have no exquisite feeling and the Urine or small Stones have by little and little dilated their passages the Glandules will separate and retain but a very small matter all that was contained with the Blood will pass through and as through a Seive several sorts of grain may pass after that the holes are enlarged so Gravel and little Stones may be conveighed into the Bladder with the Urine and the Patient hardly feel any pain or trouble It is to no purpose to alleadge that the dryness or close Union of the parts that compose the Kidneys does contribute to the forming of the Stone because in the Dead Bodies of those that have been troubled with the Stone it is to be observed that the Kidneys are moyst and soft and it is certain that in living Bodies they are continually moistened with some Liquor And besides it cannot be said that their Bladder is narrow and dry although Stones are more frequently formed there than in any other part of the Body It is unjust to accuse our Parents to make us bear more patiently the pains we suffer because in every body the causes of the Stone may be sufficiently evinced without imputing them to those to whom we owe our life and without blaming of them reason may be given why we see Children subject to the Stone whose Fathers and Mothers enjoy perfect health We are to conclude that Age and Excesses render the parts weak whose Fibres being relaxated give occasion to obstructions in Old People as well as in Children because the abundance of humidity slackens the motion and the earthy slimy and superfluous matters that are not evacuated occasion several diseases as well as the Stone Many distempers are bred according to the diversity of the food that one takes Thus a man shall be afflicted with the Stone if he feed on course food and which may easily coagulate in the Body There are not wanting sad instances of this persons of different Ages Sexes and conditions are subject to it and most of those who are troubled with the Stone and who are to be seen in the Hospitals of Paris come from the Country where most part of their food is terrestrial and course and many little Children who live in that manner are cut there Stones are formed in all the parts of the Body and according to their dimensions that which stops the passage takes the name of Sand Gravel or Stone experience confirms this for Stones are found in the Lungs the Liver the Gall the Spleen the Kidneys c. Paraeus lib. 25. Chap. 15. reports that he took one out of a mans Knee Some are found in the Heart those which are found in the Nerves are by Paulus Aegynaeta named nodosae nervorum concretiones knotty concretions of the Nerves It is likewise observed that Stony crusts are formed about the Teeth I know a man that above twenty years ago voided one by the Navel it was of the bigness of an Olive Stone and the man is still alive Stones are bred most frequently in the Kidneys and Bladder because these parts are appointed for separating and containing the serosity which always carries along with it an earthy Sediment that accompanies the Urine and the Stones of the Kidneys and Bladder give greater pains to the Patient because they stop the emission of Urine or irritate the parts whose use is frequent and the sense more exquisite than that of many others