Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	death_n	great_a	king_n	2,913	5	3.6168	3	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A07680	Principles for yong princes Collected out of sundry authors, by George More, Esquire.	More, George, Esquire.; More, George, Sir, 1553?-1632, attributed name.	1629 (1629)	STC 18069; ESTC S113368	43,524	88

by example may amend or be punished and the good preserued For Pictatus reputed that common wealth to be well gouerned in which wicked men might beare no authority And a Prince is to haue some for Counsell some for execution for very seldome doth it concurre in one man to haue wit to disoourse well vpon any matter in Counsell and to haue iudgement to execute that which by Counsell is determined The Captaine Picinio was in consultation of a weake iudgement but in executing any thing resolued vpon by Counsell very ready Francis the first King of France did exceed all his Counsell in consultation but in his execution was not answerable to his aduise Pope Clement the 7. did exceed all other in Counsell but in executing was inferiour to euery one And as it is necessary that a Prince should haue a graue and wise Counsell so is it requisite hee should haue some about him for his pleasure So Alexander Magnus when he went into Asia against Darius tooke with him two of his most speciall friends and seruants Craterus and Hephestion very different in complexion and in condition for Craterus was graue seuere and stoike and only cared for matters of State and Counsell being one of the Kings principall Counsellors And Hiphestion was a yong Gentleman of good complexion gallant actiue and full of sport and onely cared how to recreate the King So that Craterus was called a friend to the King and Hephestion a friend to Alexander But a Prince had need to be very carefull in choosing of his friend to be inward and familiar with him For Augustus Caesar did not receiue a man to his amity and familiarity but first did proue him and sound his virtues fidelity and loyalty and those who hee knew to be vertuous and that told him freely the truth in all things and that did not flatter and that imployed themselues willingly and sincerely in his affaires and after hauing had good proofe hereof he receiued them for his friends Alcibiades to try his friends made them one after another beleeue that he had killed a man and they all refused to endanger themselues for him sauing one Calias The Emperour Constantius to make proofe of his friends made shew to abandon Christian Religion and to turne to Idolatry he was instantly applauded by a great number whom presently he banished the Court. For a Prince shall neuer want followers in any thing The world counselling those that serue Princes to please them in whatsoeuer though it redound to the losse of their soules and ruine of the common-wealth for so they shall obtaine honor riches pleasure and quietnesse but what is their end Ducunt in bonis dies suos in puncto ad ●nferna descenaunt saith Iob. 21. They lead their d●yes in pleasure and in an instant descend into hell For when they shall say peace and security then shall suddaine destruction come vpon them saith Saint Paule 1. Thes 5. And Dauid saith Psal 36. Vidi impium superexaltatum eleuatum ficut Cedrum Libans transiut eum non est inuentus loeu eius I did see the impious mightily exalted and raised on high as the Cedar tree and I passed by and presently he was gone I sought him and his place was not to bee found Saint Augustine therefore affimeth that it is better to suffer torments for speaking the truth then to receiue great rewards for flattery And Saint Chrysostome sayth Feare not them that kill the body least for feare of them thou speake not the truth freely And as Counsellours ought to haue freedome of speech So Predericus Furius doth wish a Prince for tryall of his Councell to aske counsell sometimes in things contray to the good of the Common wealth and to his owne intention And Demetrius Phelarius counselled Ptholomeus King of Egypt to reade bookes which treated of Kings and Common wealths for that in them be should finde many things which his Counsell and families durst not tell hid But Aristeus saith that the greatest and best guard a Prince can haue is to be accompanied with a great number of iust and expert Counsellours who through meere loue setting their owne particular commodity apart regard onely the profite and welfare of the Prince and common wealth speaking freely what they thinke For Counsellours sayth Iulius Caesar in one of his orations to the Senate should not be led by malice friendship anger nor mercy And if they concurre in one lawfull opinion though the Prince be opposite yet it is fitting he should yeeld to them For so did the Emperour Marcus Antonius saying It must bee as You will for it is great reason that I being but one should follow your opinion then you being many Wise and Learned should yeeld to mine CHAP. 21. Not good to commit the charge of the Common wealth to one Counsellor onely BVt it is very dangerous for a Prince to be led by the aduice and counsell of one onely or to commit the gouernement of the Common wealth to one Counsellour onely And so Commines dath witnesse saying that A Prince ought to haue many Counsellours and not commit any cause of importance to one onely and that all his Counsellours should be equall in fauour otherwise if he be led onely by one and make no accompt of the rest not giuing them equall hearing he may endanger himselfe as did Hieronimus King of Cicily who was onely counselled by his brother in law Andronodorus who made him odious to all the Kingdome and then killed him Stillico likewise gouerned all vnder the Emperour Honorius And to get entrance to make himselfe Emperour took pay from the Goths of purpose to make them rebel which thereupon they did and by the aide they got spoyled Thracia Hungaria Austria Sclauonia and Dalmatia Stilico though hee might yet would not quite ouer throw them whereof Honorius being informed put to death both Stilico and his sonne Vnder the Emperour Commodus first Perennis ruled all and for displacing the Nobility and preferring base persons was killed by the souldiers After him Cleander managed all and a great famine and plague beeing in Rome the people imputed the cause thereof to him and thought to kill him Hee to appease this sturre ranne vpon the people with the Emperours horse-men and killed a great number of them The Emperour fearing himselfe sent for Cleander presently cut off his head and sent it to the people wherewith they were appeased yet in the end Commodus himself was killed The Emperor Seuerus permitted Plautianus to gouerne all vnder him at his pleasure who in the end practised to kill him and his two sonnes But Bassianus the Emperours sonne vnderstanding thereof and that his Father meant to pardon him killed him in the Emperours presence The Emperour Galba was a good Prince and wise yet suffered himselfe to be onely gouerned by Titus Iunius Cornelius Lacus and Icellus Martianus who by their wicked gouernement made the Emperour to be hated of all estates

PRINCIPLES FOR YONG PRINCES COLLECTED OVT OF SVNDRY AVTHOVRS BY GRORGE MORE Esquire PROV 19. Heare counsell and receiue instruction that thou mayst be wise in the latter end Printed at London 1629. To the Reader HOnourable and courteous Reader though I had no intention to publish this collection yet now vpon some consideration and for that also I hold it as fit for yong Noblemen and Gentlemen to read as for yong Princes to vnderstand for that they may reap some profit thereby I thought it not inconuenient to commit the same to the Presse commending it to your good acceptance and fauourable Censure my meaning to you being of more value then my labour And so I rest denoted to doe you better seruice GEORGE MORE The Table of the Chapters contained in this Booke THe Regall and Politicke gouernment 1 Who fittest to gouerne 3 A Prince to be iust in his sentence 4 A Prince to be true of his word 8 A Prince to be constant in his act 12 A Prince to be secret 16 A Prince to be liberall 18 A Prince not to be couetous 19 A Prince to be learned 21 A Prince to be religious ibid A Prince not to shed innocent blood 23 A Prince to be circumspect in giuing credit to reports 25 A Prince to be mercifull 28 A Prince not to be proud 29 A Prince to be humble 31 A Prince not to exceede in anger 33 A Prince to be moderate in his dyet 35 A Prince to be continent of life 37 A Prince to beware of Parasites 39 Who to be of a Princes counsell 43 Not to commit the Gouernement of the Cōmon-wealth to one Counsellour onely 47 Not to place a Stranger in authority 50 Dangerous to take ayde of a Stranger 51 A Prince to get and keepe the loue of his Subiects 52 Who to haue charge in war 56 A Prince to bee well aduised before he begin Warre and carefull in his fight 61 PRINCIPLES for yong PRINCES CHAP. 1. The Regall and Politicke Gouernment AS in naturall things the Head being cut off the rest cannot be called a Body no more can in Politicke things a Multitude or Communality without a head be Incorporate Whereupon the Philosopher 1 Politicorum saith That whensoeuer of many is made one one amongst them must gouerne and the rest be gouerned Therefore a people desiring to liue in society together and willing to erect either a Kingdome or other Politicke Body must of necessity chuse one to gouerne that Body Who in a Kingdome of Regendo is called Rex And so by the people is established a Kingdome which gouernment is absolutely the best And as the Head of the Physicall Body cannot change the veines and sinewes thereof nor deny the Members of their proper strength and necessary nurriture no more can a King who is head of the Polliticke Body alter or change the lawes of that body or take from the people their goods or substance against their wils For a King is chosen to mainetaine the Lawes of his Subiects and to defend their bodies and goods So Brute arriuing in this Iland with his Troians erected here a Regall and Politicke gouernment which hath for the most part continued euer since for though we haue had many changes as first the Romans subduing the Brittaines then the Britaines entring againe then the Saxons then the Danes then the Saxons againe and lastly the Normans yet in the time of all these Nations and during their raignes the Kingdome was for the most part gouerned in the same manner that it is now Plutarke saith that at first all that gouerned were called Tyrants but afterward the good Gouernnours called Kings and the euill Gouernours Tyrants for in the beginning some men couetous of honour and glory did by their strength force the people to obey them and to subiect themselues to their lawes at their pleasure and so established onely a Regall gouernment which done by force and gouerned against all right and reason by rigour was accounted tyrannicall For though a man by force doe subdue Cities and Countries yet he ought to rule according to reason and if he know God according to the Law of God But when he is chosen or admitted King by the people and hath his power from them he may not subiect the people to any other power yet he hath a great and large prerogatiue which he may vse at his pleasure And here I thought not amisse to set downe some few Lawes and Customes of other Common-wealths wherby their good gouernment and life may appeare they not being Christians Ptolomeus King of Egypt feasting one day seuen Ambassadours at his request euery one of them shewed vnto him three of their principall Lawes and Customes And first the Ambassadour of Rome said wee haue the Temples in great reuerence we are very obedient to our Gouernours and we doe punish wicked men and euill Liuers seuerely The Carthagenian Ambassadour said in the Common-wealth of Carthage the Nobility neuer cease fighting nor the Common People and Artificers labouring nor the Pphilosophers teaching The Cicilian said In our Common-wealth Iustice is exactly kept Merchandize exercised with truth and all men account themselues equall The Rhodians said at Rhodes old men are honest yong men shamefast and women solitary and of few words The Athenians said In our Common-wealth rich men are not suffered to be deuided in Factions nor poore men to be idle nor the Gouernours to be ignorant The Lacedaemonians said In Sparta enuy reigneth not for all men are equall nor couetousnesse for all goods are common nor sloth for all doe labour In our Common-wealth said the Ambassadour of the Sicyonians voyages are not permitted because they should not bring home new Factions Physitians are not suffered lest they should kill the sound nor Lawyers to take vpon them the defence of Causes and Sutes And to these may be added Anatharsis Letter to Cressus King of Lydia concerning the Gretians Know saith he that in the studies of Greece we learne not to Command but to obey not to speake much much but to keepe silence not to be contentious but to be humble not to get much but to content our selues with a little not to reuenge our harmes but to pardon iniuries not to take from others but to giue our owne not to take care to be honoured but to labour to be vertuous Lastly we learne to despise that which others loue and to loue that which others despise which is pouerty CHAP. 2. Who fittest to gouerne NOw to shew what manner of man is fittest to gouerne I reade in Liuie that men borne in Armes great in deeeds and rude in eloquence ought to be chosen Consuls and that men of quicke spirits sharpe wits learned in the Law and eloquent should be for the City For a Prince so the Consull was for his time ought to be a Martiall man stout and couragious as well to defend his subiects as to offend his enemies great and worthy in his

actions as well to be feared of his foes as to be beloued of his friends and not to be curious to speake eloquently but to deliuer his mind plainely and wisely it being more necessary for a Prince to doe well then to speake well For wise words are not commendable if the deeds be not answerable whereupon the Philosopher Pacuinus saith those are to be hated who in their acts are fooles and in their words Philosophers They that will therefore saith Plato haue glory in this life and attaine to glory after death and be beloued of many and feared of all let them be vertuous in doing good works and deceiue no man with vaine words And he counselleth the Athenians to chuse a Gouernour that is iust in his sentence true of his word constant in his act secret and liberall These be the principall morall vertues most cecessary in a Prince CHAP. 3. A Prince to be iust in his sentence FOr a Prince ought to be iust in his sentence according to the words of Salomon Sap. 1. saying Loue Justice you that Iudge the Earth For a iust King saith he Pro. 29. doth aduance his Countrey and the King that iudgeth the poore rightly his throne shall be established for euer Therefore he ought not to be led either by fauour passion or gaine but according to equity and iustice and to haue care that all his Counsellors and Magistrates doe the like And to attaine to this vertue of Iustice a Prince must call to God for wisedome which he cannot obtaine being of euill life For wisedome will not enter into a soule possessed with malice nor dwell in a body subiect to sinne saith Salomon Sap. 1. But if thou saith he call for wisedome and encline thine heart to Prudence then shalt thou vnderstand Iustice and iudgement and equity and euery right way Prou. 2. Therefore he prayeth saying Giue mee O Lord that wisedome which assisteth thy seate and cast me not off from the number of thy seruants for that I am thy bond-slaue and the sonne of thy bond-woman a weake man and of short life vnable to vnderstand aright what is Iustice and Law and whosoeuer is the most perfect and excellent amongst the sonnes of men he is to be accounted as no body if thy wisedome doth not assist him Sap. 9. All good and worthy Princes haue laboured to attaine to this wisedome and to execute iustice most exactly insomuch that some haue not spared their owne children so sacred a thing they held Iustice to be As for example Brutus who vnderstanding that his two sonnes were of the conspiracy for Tarquinus Superbus caused them both to be put to death in his owne presence Cassius likewise seeking to get the loue of the people and to make himselfe King was beaten to death by his father Pausanias Generall of the Lacedaemonians receiued 500 talents of gold to betray Sparta but Agesilaus his father vnderstanding thereof pursued him into the Temple of Minerua whither he fled for Sanctuary and caused the doores of the Temple to be nayled vp and so there made him dye of famine then his mother tooke his corpes and threw it to the dogs not suffering it to be interred Darius likewise King of Persia vnderstanding that his sonne Ariobrazanes ment to betray him to Alexander Magnus cut off his head Titus Manlius being challenged by one of the Latins to fight the Combate stepped forth of his ranke and in Combate killed him yet because it was done without license his owne father being then Consull and Generall presently put him to death Posthumius likewise did the same to his sonne Fidericke Earle of Harlebecque and Forrester of Flanders hauing made very straite Lawes for the reducing of his Countrey to lustice and good life put his sonne to death for breaking the Law in taking a basket of Apples from a poore woman and not paying for them Edward the first put his sonne in prison Prince Edward for breaking the Parkes of the Bishop of Chester Henry the fourth also commended the Lord chiefe Iustice of England for committing the Prince to prison for transgressing the Law And King Antiochus had that care to haue Iustice ministred as he writ to all the Cities of his Kingdome that they should not execute any thing he commanded if it were contrary to Law but they should first aduertise him thereof The Emperour Justinian likewise commanded the Lawyers to be sworne that they should not plead in an euill and vniust cause The like Law was made in the ninth Parliament of James the first King of Scotland that all Counsellours and Aduocates before they plead any temporall cause should take oath and sweare that they thinke the cause to be good they plead Lewis the ninth King of France was a iust and vertuous Prince louing the good and punishing the wicked and was a Capitall enemy to sutes commanding the Iudges to doe speedy Iustice so that sutes then were laid away Alexander Magnus was so farre from being transported from Iustice as when any made complaint to him of another he slopped alwayes one eare saying he must keepe that for the party accused The Emperour Adrian was of that integrity in Iustice as one Alexander accused another before him called Aper and bringing his proofes onely in writing he said that his informations were but Paper and Inke and perhaps forged and that a man ought not to be condemned but by honest and substantiall witnesses and therefore he sent Aper to Rufus Gouernour of Macedonia from whence he was brought commanding him diligently to examine the witnesses against him and to see that they were honest and of good name King Edgar of England had likewise that care to doe Iustice as in Winter time he would ride vp and downe the Countrey and make enquiry of the misdemeanors of his Officers and Gouernours and punish them seuerely that offended the Law And as the followers of Iustice shall not onely be famous in this world but shall perpetually liue and receiue a kingdome of glory in the world to come as saith Salomon Sap. 5. So the Princes that minister iniustice and do not iudge rightly shall reape infamy and incurre the high displeasure of Almighty God as Salomon also witnesseth saying Hearken O Kings and vnderstand learne you who are Judges of the bounds of the earth in respect that power is giuen vnto you from aboue and strength from the Highest who will examine your works and search your thoughts and because when you were Ministers in his Kingdome you did not iudge rightly nor iudge rightly nor keepe the Law of Iustice nor walke in the way of God he will appeare vnto you quickely and horribly for most rigorous iudgement is done vnto those that gouerne With the poore and meane man mercy is vsed but mighty men shall suffer torments mightily Sap. 6. And the royall Prophet saith that God is terrible to the Kings of the earth Psal 75. Which doth very well appeare by the strange punishments