was to be had in any place in all the west parts of christendome In the summer of this yeare a greeuous mortalitie afflicted the north parts of this land so that the countrie became almost desolate And to the increase of that miserie the Scots thinking the time to serue thâ—ir turne inuaded the borders and most cruellie harried robbed and spoiled the same not letting passe any part of most cruell murthering of the people that were left aliue and not made awaie by that sore contagious sicknesse The number of cattell was infinite which they droue out of the land with them not sparing heards of swine which they tooke at this time where they neuer medled with that kind of cattell before that present Before the Scots made this iournie into England whilest the mortalitie was most in force they calling to certeine of the English borderers asked line 10 of them how it came to 〈◊〉 that so great a death reigned amongst them The Englishmen as good plaine and simple meaning men told them that trulie they knew not the cause for Gods iudgements were hid from them in such behalfe But one thing they knew that all calamitie death and aduersitie that chanced vnto them came by the speciall grace of God to the end that being punished for their sinnes they might learne to repent and amend their wicked liues The Scots hearing this when they should enter line 20 this land vnderstanding lewdlie what the Englishmen had told them concerning the disease and the grace of God deuised a blessing forsooth to be said euerie morning of the most ancient person in euerie familie as Benedicite said he Dominus said the residue Then began he againe saieng God and saint Mango saint Romane and saint Andro shield vs this daie fra Gods grace and the fewle death that Englishmen dien vpon Thus the senselesse men misconstruing this word the grace of God praied for line 30 their owne destruction which if not in this world yet for their brutish crueltie vsed at that present against the miserable creatures whom the hand of God had spared in time of that gréeuous mortalitie it is to be feared least in another world it came to them as the verie words of their praiers imported About the same time Iohn Schakell esquier was set at libertie the king compounded with him for his prisoner giuing fiue hundred marks in redie monie and lands to the value of a hundred marks by yeare line 40 When he should bring foorth his prisoner and deliuer him to the king this is to be noted as a thing verie strange and woonderfull For when he should appeare it was knowne to be the verie groome that had serued him in all the time of his trouble and would neuer vtter himselfe what he was before that time hauing serued him as an hired seruant all that while in prison and out of prison in danger of life when his other maister was murthered where if he would haue vttered himselfe he might haue beene enterteined in line 50 such honorable state as for a prisoner of his degrée had beene requisit so that the faithfull loue and assured constancie in this noble gentleman was highlie commended and praised and no lesse maruelled at of all men About the feast of S. Nicholas in this third yeare of king Richards reigne there went to sea an armie of men that should haue passed ouer into Britaine to the aid of the duke there vnder the conduct of sir Iohn Arundell sir Hugh Caluerlie sir Thomas Percie line 60 sir William Elmham sir Thomas Morews sir Thomas Banester manie other knights and esquires too long to rehearse a sufficient power vndoubtedlie to haue doone a great enterprise but they were no sooner on the sea but suddenlie there arose such an hideous tempest of wind and stormes that they looked presentlie to be all cast awaie they were scattered here and there and driuen they wist not whither The ship wherein sir Iohn Arundell was aboord chanced to be cast on the coast of Ireland and there driuen to forsake his ship that was readie to be broken in péeces by rage of waues beating it there against the rocks he was drowned before he could win to land in an I le neere to the which they had thrust in the ship To the like end came sir Thomas Banester sir Nicholas Trumpington and sir Thomas Dale impeaching each others as they leapt foorth of the ship also one Musard an esquire a most séemelie personage and a bold and an other esquier named Deniâ—ke being almost out of danger were fetched awaie by the surges of the sea and so perished with manie other Robert Rust a cunning seaman belonging to Blacknie in Northfolke maister of the ship wherein sir Iohn Arundell was imbarked was the first that got to land giuing example to others how to shift for themselues But when he saw his cheefe capteine the said sir Iohn Arundell got foorth to the sands and as one thinking himselfe past all danger to shake his wet garments about him the said Rust waieng the dangerous state wherein the said sir Iohn Arundell yet stood came downe and raught to him his hand inforsing himselfe to plucke him to the shore but whilest he tooke care for an other mans safetie and neglected his owne he lost his life and so they both perished togither for through a mightie billow of the raging seas they were both ouerthrowne and with returning of the waues backe drawne into the deepe so that they could neuer recouer foot-hold againe but were drowned The said Rust was much lamented bicause he was not onelie knowne to be a skilfull maister but also counselled the said sir Iohn Arundell in no wise to go to sea at what time he would needs set forward forsing the said Rust and the marriners to hoist vp sailes and make awaie They that scaped to land in that I le found nothing there to releeue their miseries but bare ground so that diuerse starued through cold wanting fier and other succour the residue that were lustie and wise withall ran vp and downe and sometime wrestling and otherwise chafing themselues remained there in great miserie from the thursdaie till sundaie at noone next insuing At what time when the sea was appeased and waxen calme the Irishmen that dwelled ouer against this I le on the maine came and fetched them thence and reléeued them the best they could being almost dead through trauell hunger and cold The said sir Iohn Arundell lost not onelie his life but all his furniture and apparell for his bodie which was verie sumptuous so that it was thought to surmount the apparell of any king For he had two and fiftie new sutes of apparell of cloth of gold or tissue as was reported all the which togither with his horsses geldings amounting to the value of ten thousand marks was lost at the sea And besides this there were lost at the same time fiue and twentie
occupie your lands cut downe your woods and destroie your manors letting your wiues and children range abroade for their liuing which persons for their penanâ—e and punishment I doubt not but God of his goodnes will ether deliuer into our hands as a great gaine and bootie or cause them being greeued and compuncted with the pricke of their corrupt consciences cowardlie to flie and not abide the battell Beside this I assure you that there be yonder in the great battell men brought thither for feare and not for loue souldiers by force compelled and not with good will assembled persons which desire rather the destruction than saluation of their maister and capteine and finallie a multitude whereof the most part will be our friends and the least part our enimies For truelie I doubt which is greater the malice of the soldiors toward their capteine or the feare of him conceiued of his people For suerlie this rule is infallible that as ill men dailie couet to destroie the good so God appointeth the good men to confound the ill And of all worldlie goods the greatest is to suppresse tyrants and releeue innocents whereof the one is as much hated as the other is beloued If this be true as clearkes preach who will spare yonder tyrant Richard duke of Glocester vntruelie calling himselfe king considering that he hath violated and broken both the lawes of God and man What vertue is in him which was the confusion of his brother and murtherer of his nephues What mercie is in him that sleieth his trustie freends as well as his extreame enimies Who can haue confidence in him which putteth diffidence in line 10 all men If you haue not read I haue heard good clearkes saie that Tarquine the proud for the vice of the bodie lost the kingdome of Rome and the name of Tarquine banished the citie for euer yet was not his fault so detestable as the fact of cruell Nero which slue his own mother and opened hir entrailes to behold the place of his line 20 conception Behold yonder Richard which is both Tarquine and Nero yea a tyrant more than Nero for he hath not onlie murthered his nephue being his king and souereigne lord bastarded his noble brethren and defamed the wombe of his vertuous and womanlie mother but also compassed all the meanes and waies that he could inuent how to defile and carnallie know his line 30 owne neece vnder the pretense of a cloked matrimonie which ladie I haue sworne and promised to take to my make and wife as you all know and beleeue If this cause be not iust and this quarell godlie let God the giuer of victorie iudge and determine We haue thanks be giuen to Christ escaped the secret treasons in Britaine and auoided the subtill snares of our fraudulent enimies there passed the line 40 troublous seas in good and quiet safegard and without resistance haue ouergone the ample region large countrie of Wales and are now come to the place which we so much desired for long we haue sought the furious bore and now we haue found him Wherefore let vs not feare to enter into the toile where we may suerlie sleie him for God knoweth that we haue liued line 50 in the vales of miserie tossing our ships in dangerous stormes let vs not now dread to set vp our full sailes in faire weather hauing with vs both God and good fortune If we had come to conquer Wales and had atchiued it our praise had beene great and our gaine more but if we win this battell the whole rich realme of England line 60 with the lords and rulers of the same shall be ours the profit shall be ours and the honour shall be ours Therefore labour for your gaine sweat for your right While we were in Britaine we had small liuings and little plentie of wealth or welfare now is the time come to get aboundance of riches and copie of profit which is the reward of your seruice and merit of your paines And this remember with your selues that before vs be our enimies and on either side of vs be such as I neither suerlie trust nor greatlie beleeue backeward we cannot flee so that heere we stand like sheepe in a fold circumuented and compassed betweene our enimies and our doutfull friends Therefore let all feare be set aside and like sworne brethren let vs ioine in one for this daie shall be the end of our trauell and the gaine of our labour either by honorable death or famous victorie and as I trust the battell shall not be so sowre as the profit shall be sweet Remember that victorie is not gotten with the multitudes of men but with the courages of hearts and valiantnesse of minds The smaller that our number is the more glorie is to vs if we vanquish if we be ouercome yet no laud is to be attributed to the victors considering that ten men fought against one And if we die so glorious a death in so good a quarell neither fretting time nor cancarding obliuion shall be able to darken or rase out of the booke of fame either our names or our godlie attempt And this one thing I assure you that in so iust and good a cause and so notable a quarrell you shall find me this daie rather a dead carrion vpon the cold ground than a free prisoner on a carpet in a ladies chamber Let vs therefore fight like inuincible giants and set on our enimies like vntimorous tigers banish all feare like ramping lions And now aduance forward true men against traitors pitifull persons against murtherers true inheritors against vsurpers the scourges of God against tyrants Displaie my banner with a good courage march foorth like strong and robustious champions and begin the battell like hardie conquerors The battell is at hand and the victorie approcheth and if we shamefullie recule or cowardlie flee we and all our sequele be destroied and dishonored for euer This is the daie of gaine and this is the time of losse get this daie victorie and be conquerors and leese this daies battell and be villaines And therefore in the name of God and S. George let euerie man couragiouslie aduance foorth his standard These chéerefull words he set foorth with such gesture of his bodie smiling countenance as though alreadie he had vanquished his enimies and gotten the spoile He had scatlie finished his saieng but the one armie spied the other Lord how hastilie the soldiers buckled their healmes how quicklie the archers bent their bowes and frushed their feathers how readilie the bilmen shooke their billes and prooued their staues readie to approach and ioine when the terrible trumpet should sound the bloudie blast to victorie or death Betwéene both armies there was a great marish then but at this present by reason of diches cast it is growne to be firme ground which the earle of Richmond left on his right hand for this intent that it should
giuen knowledge by reuelation from God and his saints that if the king procéeded to the diuorse and maried another he should not be king of this realme one moneth after and in the reputation of God not one daie nor houre This Elizabeth first through sickenesse being oftentimes brought as it were into a transe whereby hir visage and countenance became maruellouslie altered at those times when shee was so vexed at length by the incouraging procurement and information of the forenamed Richard Master person of Aldington she learned to counterfeit such maner of transes after she came to perfect health as in hir sickenes by force of the disease she had bene acquainted with so that she pracâ—â—sed vsed and shewed vnto the people diuerse maruellous and sundre alterations of the sensible parts of hir bodie craftilie vttering in hir said feigned and false transes diuerse and manie counterfeit vertuous and holie words tending to the reâ—uke of sin and reproouing of such new opinions as then began to rise And to bring the people the more in beliefe with hir hypocriticall dooings she was counselled to saie in those hir transes that she should neuer be perfectlie whole till she had visited an image of our ladie at a place called Court at Stréet within the parish of Aldington aforesaid Thither was she brought and by the meanes of the said Richard Master and Edward Bocking that was now made of counsell in the matter there assembled about two thousand persons at the daie appointed of hir thither comming to sée the miracle At which daie being brought before all that assemblie and multitude of people shee falselie feigned and shewed vnto the people in the chappell of our ladie there in Court at Street manie alterations of hir face and other outward sensible parts of hir bodie and in those transes she vttered woonderous words as she was before subtilie and craftilie induced and taught by the said Edward Bocking and Richard Master And amongst other things she vttered that it was the pleasure of God that the said Bocking should be hir ghostlie father and that she should be a religious woman And within a while after such feigned and counterfeit transes she appeared to the people to be suddenlie relieued from hir sickenesse and afflictions by the intercession and meane of the image of our ladie being in the same chappell By reason of which hypocriticall dissimulation the said Elizabeth was brought into a maruellous same credit and good opinion of a great multitude of the people of this realme And to increase the same by counsell of the said Edward Bocking she became a nun in the prsorie of saint Sepulchres at Canturburie to whome the said Edward Bocking had commonlie his resort not without suspicion of incontinencie pretending to be hir ghostlie father by Gods appointment And by conspiracie betwene hir him she still continued in practising hir dissembled transes alledging that in the same she had reuelations from almightie God and his saints and amongst other that which as before we haue mentioned touched the kings mariage as ye haue heard line 10 This matter proceeded so farre that there was a booke written by hir complices and namelie by Thomas Laurence register to the archbishop of Canturburie of hir feigned and counterfeit miracles reuelations and hypocriticall holinesse All things were handled so craftilie that not onelie the simple but also the wise and learned sort were deceiued by the same insomuch that William Warham the late archbishop of Canturburie and Iohn Fisher bishop of Rochester and diuerse line 20 others being informed thereof gaue credit thereto All which matters and manie other had bene traitorouslie practised and imagined amongest the parties manie yeres chieflie to interrupt the diuorse and to destroie the king and to depriue him from the crowne and dignitie roiall of this realme as in the act of their attaindor made more at large it maie appeare and likewise in the chronicles of maister Edward Hall Therefore to conclude with hir and hir adherents on the one and twentith of Aprill next line 30 following she with diuerse of them before condemned was drawen to Tiburne and there executed as iustlie they had deserued where and when she made this conâ—ession following euen at the present time that she suffered in the hearing of the people The words of Elizabeth Barton otherwise called the holie maid of Kent at the houre of hirdeath in maner of a confession HIther am I come to die and I line 40 haue not beene the onelie cause of mine owne death which most iustlie I haue deserued but also I am the cause of the death of all these persons which at this time here suffer and yet to say the truth I am not so much to be blamed considering that it was wel known vnto these learned men that I was a poore wench without learning and therefore line 50 they might haue easilie perceiued that the things that were doone by me could not proceed in any such sort but their capacities and learning could right well iudge from whence they proceeded and that they were altogither feined but bicause the things which I feined were profitable vnto them therefore they much praised mee and bare me in hand that it was the holie ghost and not I that did them and then I line 60 being puft vp with their praises fell into a certeine pride and foolish fantasie with my selfe and thought I might feine what I would which thing hath brought me to this case and for the which now I crie God and the kings highnes most hartilie mercie and desire all you good people to praie to God to haue mercie on me and on all them that suffer here with me In this parlement also was made the act of succession for the establishing of the crowne to the which euerie person being of lawfull age should bée sworne On mondaie the thrée twentith of March in the parlement time were solemnlie receiued into London ambassadours from Iames the fift king of Scots the bishop of Aberdine the abbat of Kinlos and Adam Otterborne the kings attourneie with diuerse gentlemen on them attendant which were brought to the tailors hall and there lodged And on the daie of the Annunciation they were brought to the kings palace at Westminster where they shewed their commission and message for the which the king appointed them daies to counsell During the parlement time euerie sundaie at Paules crosse preached a bishop declaring the pope not to be supreme head of the church The thirtith of March was the parlement proroged and there euerie lord knight and burges and all other were sworne to the act of succession and subscribed their hands to a parchment fixed to the same The parlement was proroged till the third of Nouember next After this were commissioners sent into all parts of the realme to take the oth of all men and women to the act of succession Doctor Iohn Fisher
libertie out of danger to peace and quietnesse from dread to dignitie from miserie to maiestie from mourning to ruling brieflie of a prisonner made a princesse and placed in hir throne roiall proclamed now quéene with as manie glad hearts line 50 of hir subiects as euer was anie king or queene in this realme before hir or euer shall be I dare saie hereafter Touching whose florishing state hir princelie reigne and peaceable gouernement with other things diuerse and sundrie incident to the same and especiallie touching the great stirres and alterations which haue happened in other forren nations and also partlie among our selues here at home forsomuch as the tractation hereof requireth an huge volume by it selfe I shall therefore deferre the reader to the line 60 next booke or section insuing wherein if the Lord so please to susteine me with leaue and life I maie haue to discourse of all and singular such matters doone and atchiued in these our latter daies and memorie more at large Now then after these so great afflictions falling vpon this realme from the first beginning of quéene Maries reigne wherein so manie men women and children were burned manie imprisoned and in prisons starued diuerse exiled some spoiled of goods and possessions a great number driuen from house to home so manie wéeping eies so manie sobbing harts so manie children made fatherlesse so manie fathers bereft of their wiues and children so manie vexed in conscience and diuerse against conscience constrained to recant and in conclusion neuer a good man almost in all the realme but suffered something during all the time of this bloudie persecution after all this I saie now we are come at length the Lord be praised to the seuentéenth of Nouember which daie as it brought to the persecuted members of Christ rest from their carefull mourning so it easeth me somewhat likewise of my laborious writing by the death I meane of quéene Marie who being long sicke before vpon the said seuentéenth daie of Nouember in the yeare aboue said about thrée or foure of the clocke in the morning yéelded hir life to nature and hir kingdome to quéene Elisabeth hir sister As touching the maner of whose death some saie that she died of a timpanie some by hir much sighing before hir death supposed she died of thought and sorrow Wherevpon hir councell seeing hir sighing and desirous to know the cause to the end they might minister the more readie consolation vnto hir feared as they said that she tooke some thought for the kings maiestie hir husband which was gone from hir To whome she answering againe In deed said she that may be one cause but that is not the greatest wound that pearseth mine oppressed mind but what that was she would not expresse to them Albeit afterward she opened the matter more plainlie to mistresse Rise and mistresse Clarentius if it be true that they told me which heard it of mistresse Rise himselfe who then being most familiar with hir and most bold about hir told hir that they feared she tooke thought for king Philips departing from hir Not that onelie said she but when I am dead and opened you shall find Calis lieng in my hart c. Which one supposing to be true hath left this report Hispani oppidulo amisso contabuit vxor Quam cruciatu aegro confecerat anxia cura And here an end of quéene Marie and of hir persecution during the time of hir misgouernment Of which quéene this trulie may be affirmed and left in storie for a perpetuall memoriall or epitaph for all kings and quéenes that shall succéed hir to be noted that before hir neuer was read in storie of anie king or quéene of England since the time of king Lucius vnder whom in time of peace by hanging heading burning and prisoning so much christian bloud so manie Englishmens liues were spilled within this realme as vnder the said quéene Marie for the space of foure yeares was to be séene and I beseech the Lord neuer may be séene hereafter Now for so much as quéene Marie during all the time of hir reigne was such a vehement aduersarie and persecutor against the sincere professors of Christ Iesus and his gospell for the which there be manie which doo highlie magnifie and approue hir dooings therein reputing hir religion to be sound and catholike and hir procéedings to be most acceptable and blessed of almightie God to the intent therfore that all men may vnderstand how the blessing of the Lord God did not onelie not procéed with hir proceedings but contrarie rather how his manifest displeasure euer wrought against hir in plaging both hir and hir realme and in subuerting all hir counsels and attempts what soeuer she tooke in hand we will bestow a litle time therein to perpend and surueie the whole course of hir dooings and cheuances and consider what successe she had in the same Which being well considered we shall find neuer no reigne of anie prince in this land or anie other which had euer to shew in it for the proportion of time so manie arguments of Gods great wrath and displeasure as was to be séene in the reigne of this queene Marie whether we behold the shortnesse of hir time or the vnfortunate euent of all hir purposes Who séemed neuer to purpose anie thing that came luckilie to passe neither did anie thing frame to hir purpose what soeuer she tooke in hand touching hir owne priuat affaires Of good kings we read in the scripture in shewing moreie and pitie in seeking Gods will in his word and subuerting the monuments of idolatrie how God blessed their waies increased their honors and mightilie prospered all their procéedings as we line 10 sée in king Dauid Salomon Iosias Iosaphat Ezechias with such others Manasses made the stréets of Hierusalem to swim with the bloud of his subiects but what came of it the text dooth testifie Of quéene Elisabeth which now reigneth among vs this we must néeds saie which we sée that she in sparing the bloud not onelie of Gods seruants but also of Gods enimies hath doubled now the reigne of quéene Marie hir sister with such aboundance of line 20 peace and prosperitie that it is hard to saie whether the realme of England felt more of Gods wrath in queene Maries time or of Gods fauour and mercie in these so blessed and peaceable daies of queene Elisabeth Gamaliell speaking his mind in the councell of the Phariseis concerning Christes religion gaue this reason that if it were of God it should continue who soeuer said naie if it were not it could not stand So may it be said of quéene Marie and hir Romish line 30 religion that if it were so perfect and catholike as they pretend and the contrarie faith of the gospellers were so detestable and hereticall as they make it how commeth it then that this so catholike a quéene such a necessarie piller
Now a word or two to shew who they be that die in the Lord and then an end They principallie are said to die in the Lord which suffer death vnder the beast for confession of Christs religion for they properlie die in the Lords cause Such are the martyrs as well of the primitiue church vnder the cruell emperours as the martyrs of all ages since vnder antichrist of Rome They also die in the Lord which though they die not by the crueltie of the beast yet they die in the faith of Iesus Christ and are therefore blessed Of this number was this godlie earle as I haue before declared Wherfore I will conclude and direct my spéech for two or thrée words to this good earle O noble earle of Essex in thy time the pearle of nobilitie the mirrour of vertue and worthie qualities the child of chiualrie the beautifull floure of England the pretious iewell and comfort of Wales the trustie staie of Ireland Thy life was most honourable thy worthinesse incomparable thy death pretious in the sight of God for thou diedst in the Lord a right inheritour of the euerlasting kingdome of heauen Wherefore by authoritie of the heauenlie oracle that saint Iohn was commanded to write thou art to be pronounced blessed for euer Our sins haue shortened thy life so that we could inioie the same no longer Thou hast notwithstanding bequeathed thy bodie to be buried amongst vs here in Wales Of verie dutie therefore O noble earle thy toome shall be with vs in reuerence estimation and honor the fame and name of thy nobilitie valiantnesse vertue and woorthinesse shall neuer be forgotten but shall liue and be kept with vs in memorie from generation to geration while the world standeth Thus far the words of the bishop vttered in a sermon preached in the ears of no meane audience either for reputation or number Now then brieflie considering wherein true and perfect noblenesse consisteth that the heroicall vertues with their naturall vse were most firmelie fixed in his heart and practised by his hand there is great reason to mooue euen his enimies if it were possible for so good a gentleman to haue anie to confesse in him most absolute nobilitie and that this epitaph alluding to his right honorable ensignes is deseruedlie to be recorded being an abstract of that notable line 10 epitaph intituled Epitapium genealogicum in obitum illustrissimi Gualteri comitis Essexiae Euiae comitis marischalli regni Hiberniae vicecomitis Hereford Bourghcher domini Ferrers de Chartleie Bourgcher Louein praenobilis ordinis garterij militis qui obijt Dublinij 21. Septemb. 1576. aetatis suae 36 sepulti apud Maridunum 26. Nouemb. c. Si quisquam claret veterum splendore parentum Aut famam meritus morum probitate perennem line 20 Profiteatur in hijs nomen Essexius heros Qui praeclara virûm gestat monumenta tot vnus Quot rarò licuit multis gestaminaferre Qui intrepidè ob patriam tot mille pericula passus Quot rarò poterint vlla aulica corporaferre Aureolus partus matris patriae decus ingens Quo non exultat moderante Herefordia sola Aut Trinobantum titulo probitatis honorem Plebs referens strenuum validúmue Britannia sola Sensit in aduersos Boreales dum benegessit line 30 Tota sed heroem cognouit marte feroci Eugeniae tellus Hibernica bella probantem Regia cum proprijs expendens bella per annos Dura gerit binos multa pericula tentans Vltoniae fines vultu dextrà que quieti Perficit hinc comitis donatur nomine belli Nec tamen is potuit gladio finire labores Mors nemini parcens Dublinia funera fletu Trans mare transuexit Maridunica sydera voluens Clotho colum tenuit post septem lustra per annum line 40 Quinque die◠Lachesis post haec sua fila trahebat Térque dies septem septeno mense videns heu Atropos eximij fulgentia lumina clausit Quatuor ast pueris illustria stamina spondent In tribus regnis titulos gestabat honoris Nam comitem Euensem cognouit Gallia fortem Aureus heroem demonstrat circulus Essex Ob bello vires comes est is martis Hibernus Nobilitas innata tibi probitatis honorem Armipotens Gualtere dedit probitásque laborem line 50 Perpetuámque labor vitam sic vita salutem This epitaph with the said earles whole genealogie or pedegree comprised in heroicall verse and ioined with the funerall sermon was presented to the right honourable lord Robert now earle of Essex and Ew vicount of Hereford and Bourchier lord Ferrers of Chartleie Bourchier Louaine at such time as he was the quéenes maiesties ward with an epistle of the presenter which bicause it is a veine of godlie deuise tending to a verie honorable purpose line 60 deserueth here to be placed answering the president heretofore set out in print as followeth The epistle of E. W. prefixed before the genealogicall epitaph and funerall sermon published at the interring of the right honourable the lord Walter earle of Essex c. MY lord your absence latelie from the funerals of my lord your father was lamented by such in Wales as would gladlie haue beheld the liuelie image of him in you and if the tendernesse of your yeares vnmeet for so tedious and so vnseasonable trauell had not by necessitie disappointed their hope then should the lamentable speech of the graue and reuerend father the bishop of saint Dauies expressed with abundance of dolour tears haue left in you a déepe impression of griefe for the intollerable losse of so honourable a parent But it maie be iudged that God hath turned your absence to your more benefit sith the importunacie of such as loue honour you and who couet to haue your fathers vertues descend with his inheritance hath obteined the publishing of that learned sermon wherin you maie at good leasure view in the iust report of his life death the paterne forme of true nobilitie The heroicall description that the bishop maketh of nobilitie comparing it vnto a mounteine from which foure famous riuers must issue the mounteine true religion the riuers prudence iustice fortitude and temperance is a rule to you first to follow your father in truth of religion then to be as he was wise iust valiant and temperat The naturall and vnforced courtesie affabilitie that was in your father and that excellent mixture of disposition and aptnesse both for warre and peace dooth promise to the world a singular perfection in you hereafter For as your grandfather who died in his yoong yeares did make shew of much more honour than was in the noble vicount his father and this our earle by famous actions did altogither eclipse the vertuous hope conceiued of your grandfather so considering that God in nature continueth as it were the race by outward shew of good parts in you and that you haue
the first and receiued the great seale in the Rogation wéeke following being some foure or fiue wéekes after that he was aduanced to that office at the excheker Shortlie after line 30 which died king Edward the first for which cause the said Baldocke sent the great seale to king Edward the second then at Carleill by reason of his fathers death This Ralfe Baldocke died on saint Iames éeuen in the yeare of our redemption one thousand thrée hundred and thirtéene being the seuenth yeare of the reigne of king Edward the second Iohn Langhton bishop of Chichester againe made lord chancellor of England in the yeare that the line 40 word of the father tooke on him the forme of a seruant one thousand thrée hundred and seauen being the first yeare of king Edward of Carnaruan in which office it séemeth that he continued vntill the yeare of our Lord one thousand three hundred and ten being the third yeare of the reigne of the after deposed king Edward the second William Melton hauing two others ioined with him had the great seale deliuered vnto them for a certeine time to execute all such things as were to be doone therewith during the kings pleasure This line 50 man was a canon of Yorke prouest of Beuerleie treasuror of England and archbishop of Yorke as saith Anonymus M. S. He was consecrated bishop of Yorke at Rome where he tarried two yeares for the same he was a man neuer wearied with trauell He first of all the bishops of Yorke after a long controuersie betweene the deane and canons of Yorke visited the chapter by due order he was wise rich seuere in correction gentle familiar and humble he finished the west part of the church of saint line 60 Peters in Yorke with thrée hundred pounds he was archbishop of Yorke two and twentie yeares fiue or six moneths and two daies he died at Cawood on saint Georges éeuen in the yeare of Christ one thousand three hundred and thirtie and was buried in the minster of Yorke néere to the font Walter Reinolds bishop of Worcester treasuror of England and archbishop of Canturburie was made kéeper of the great seale and chancellor of England on the sixt of Iulie one thousand thrée hundred and ten in the said yeare of our Lord God one thousand thrée hundred and ten being the said third yeare of that king Edward whome his sonne Edward the third deposed from his kingdome Of this man all other chancellors which were archbishops of Canturburie shall be somewhat more said at another time in the order and placing of the bishops of that sée which caution I haue here set downe bicause I would once for all make repetition thereof in one place and not seuerallie in manie places vnder the seuerall names of euerie chancellor that was inuested with that metropolitan honor of Canturburie Iohn de Sandall clerke bishop of Winchester treasuror was at Yorke made chancellor of England in the yeare that the virgin Marie was deliuered of the first begotten son one thousand thrée hundred and foureteene being the eight yeare of king Edward the second in which place he continued two yeares and more some part thereof being after that he was bishop of Winchester as I gather and then deliuered backe the seale at Westminster in the yeare of our redemption one thousand thrée hundred and seuentéene being the eleauenth yeare of the said king Edward the second Of this man is more spoken in the treasurors of England Iohn Hotham bishop of Elie was created lord chancellor of England in the yere of Christ one thousand thrée hundred and seauentéene being the eleauenth yeare of king Edward the second in which office he continued vntill the yeare of our Lord God 1319 being the thirteenth yeare of the last before named king Edward During whose gouernment of the sée of Elie in the yeare one thousand three hundred fortie and one the stéeple of the chaire fell downe which made such terrible noise and shaking of the ground that it was supposed to haue béene an earthquake He died of the palseie in the yere of our redemption one thousand three hundred thirtie and six being the tenth yeare of that king Edward the third that first wrote himselfe king of both realmes England and France Iohn Salmon bishop of Norwich was aduanced to be chancellor in the yeare that God tooke on him the forme of a seruant one thousand three hundred and nineteene being the thirtéenth yeare of that king Edward the second against whome the nobles rebelled for the misdemeanor of Piers de Gauestone the Gascoine earle of Cornewall In this yeare one thousand three hundred and nineteene as saith one anonymall chronicler M.S. was William Airemine kéeper of the seale vicechancellor taken prisoner by the Scots The words of the which author for the more certeintie thereof we haue here set downe in the yeare of Lord one thousand thrée hundred and nineteene Episcopus Eborum episcopus Eliae thesaurarius abbas beatae Mariae Eborum abbas de Selbie decanus Eborum dominus Willielmus Arymence vicecancellarius Angliae ac dominus Iohannes Dabeham cum 8000 fermè hominum tam equitum quà m peditum ciuibus properanter ciuitatem egredientes quoddam flumen Swale nuncupatum sparsis cuneis transeuntes indispositis seu potuis confusis ordinibus cum aduersarijs congressisunt Scoti siquidem in martegnari amplitudinem eorum exercitus cautè regentes in nostros agminibus strictis audacter irruerunt nostrorum denique in breui laceratis cuneis atque dissipatis Corruerunt ex nostris tam in ore gladij quà m aquarum scopulis suffocati plusquam 4000 capti sunt domini Iohannes de Pabeham miles dominus Willielmus de Arymenee vt praefertur de cancellaria c. Which William Airemenée was also in the fiftéenth of the said king Edward the second one of the kéepers of the great seale as I haue séene registred Robert Baldocke archdeacon of Middlesex a man euillie beloued and whom the old English chronicle calleth a false péeld priest was made chancellor of England in the seauentéenth yeare of the reigne of king Edward the second at the castell of Pikering in Yorkeshire he was after made bishop of Norwich and did his fealtie for restitution of his temporalties in the nineteenth yeare of the said king Edward the second at Woodstocke in Oxfordshire he was apprehended in the 20 yeare of Edward the second being the yéere of our Lord 1326 or as others haue one thousand thrée hundred fiue and twentie first committed to the custodie of Adam Tarleton or de Orleton bishop of Hereford after was put in the prison of the Newgate in London in which line 10 twentith yeare of the said Edward the second the great seale was againe deliuered to William Airemée who I suppose was then also made bishop of Norwich and this Baldocke deposed from that
with the inhabitants of the countrie of Yorkeshire and Northumberland that he wasted all the land betwixt Yorke and Durham so that for the space of threescore miles there was left in maner no habitation for the people by reason whereof it laie wast and desert for the space of nine or ten yeares ¶ The goodlie cities with their towers and steeples set vpon a statelie height and reaching as it were into the aire the beautifull fields and pastures watered with the course of sweet and pleasant riuers if a stranger should then haue beheld and also knowne before they were thus defaced he would surelie haue lamented or if any old inhabitant had béene long absent newly returned thither had séene this pitifull face of the countrie he would not haue knowne it such destruction was made through out all those quarters whereof Yorke it selfe felt not the smallest portion The bishop of Durham Egelwinus with his cleargie fled into holie Iland with S. Cutberts bodie and other iewels of the church of Durham where they tarried three moneths and od daies before they returned to Durham againe The kings armie comming into the countrie that lieth betwixt the riuers Theise and Tine found nothing but void feelds and bare walles the people with their goods and cattell being fled and withdrawne into the woods and mountaines if any thing were forgotten behind these new gests were diligent inough to find it out In the beginning of the spring king William returned to London and now after all these troubles began to conceiue greater hatred against the Englishmen line 10 than euer before so as doubting that hee should neuer by gentlenesse win their good willes he now determined by a harder measure to meete with them insomuch that he banished a great number other some also not a few he spoiled of their goods those especiallie of whom he was in hope to gaine any great portion of substance Thus were the Englishmen generallie in danger to lose life lands and goods without knowledge or orderlie proceeding in iudgement so that no greater line 20 miserie in the earth could be imagined than that whereinto our nation was now fallen He tooke from the townes and cities from the bishops sées and abbeies all their ancient priuileges and freedoms to the end they should not onelie be cut short and made weaker but also that they for the obteinment of their quietnesse might redeeme the same of him for such summes of monie as pleased him to exact Among other things he ordeined that in time of warre they should aide him with armor horsse and line 30 monie according to that order which he should then prescribe all which he caused to be registred inrolled and laid vp in his treasurie But diuerse of the spirituall persons would not obey this ordinance whom he banished without remorse About this time the archbishop Stigand and Alexander bishop of Lincolne fled to Scotland where they kept themselues close for a season But the king still continued in his hard procéeding against the Englishmen insomuch that now protesting how he line 40 came to the gouernance of the realme only by plaine conquest he seized into his hands most part of euerie mans possessions causing them to redeeme the same at his hands againe and yet reteined a propertie in the most part of them so that those that should afterwards enioy them should acknowledge themselues to hold them of him in yéelding a yéerlie rent to him and his successors for euer with certeine other prouisions whereby in cases of forfeiture the same lands should returne to him and his said successors line 50 againe The like order he appointed to be vsed by other possessors of lands in letting them forth to their tenants He ordeined also that the Termes should be kept foure times in the yéere in such places as he should nominate and that the iudges shuld sit in their seuerall places to iudge and decide causes and matters in controuersie betwixt partie and partie in manner as is vsed vnto this day He decréed moreouer that there should be shiriffes in euerie shire and iustices of the peace to keepe the countries line 60 in quiet and to sée offendors punished Furthermore he instituted the court of the Excheker and the officers belonging to the same as the barons the clearks and such other and also the high court of Chancerie After he had in this sort ordeined his magistrates and ministers of the lawes he lastlie tooke order what ordinances he would haue obserued wherevpon abrogating in maner all the ancient lawes vsed in times past and instituted by the former kings for the good order and quietnes of the people he made new nothing so equall or easie to be kept which neuerthelesse those that came after not without their great harme were constreined to obserue as though it had béene an high offense against GOD to abolish those euill lawes which king William a prince nothing friendlie to the English nation had first ordeined and to bring in other more easie and tollerable ¶ Here by the waie I giue you to note a great absurditie namelie that those lawes which touched all and ought to be knowne of all were notwithstanding written in the Norman toong which the Englishmen vnderstood not so that euen at the beginning you should haue great numbers partlie by the iniquitie of the lawes and partlie by ignorance in misconstruing the same to be wrongfullie condemned some to death and some in the forfeitures of their goods others were so intangled in sutes and causes that by no means they knew how to get out but continuallie were tossed from post to piller in such wise that in their minds they curssed the time that euer these vnequall lawes were made The maner for the triall of causes in controuersie was deuised in such sort as is yet vsed Twelue ancient men but most commonlie vnlearned in the lawes being of the same countie where the sute laie were appointed by the iudges to go togither into some close chamber where they should be shut vp till vpon diligent examination of the matter they should â—grée vpon the condemnation or acquiting of the prisoner if it were in criminall causes or vpon deciding in whom the right remained if it were vpon triall of things in controuersie Now when they were all agréed they came in before the iudges declaring to what agréement they were growne which doone the iudges opened it to the offendors or sutors and withall gaue sentence as the qualitie of the case did inforce and require There may happilie be as Polydor Virgil saith that will mainteine this maner of procéeding in the administration of iustice by the voices of a iurie to haue béene in vse before the conquerors daies but they are not able to prooue it by any ancient records of writers as he thinketh albeit by some of our histories they should séeme to be first ordeined by Ethelred
of S. Laurence Herevpon were hostages deliuered by the burgesses vnto the French king Now it was agréed that if they line 30 yéelded the towne at the daie appointed for want of succor king Henrie the son and Robert the French kings brother with the earls of Trois Blois Henrie and Theobald and William archbish of Sens vndertooke vpon their othes that the hostages should then be restored free without any hurt or damage King Henrie being certified from them within of the composition thus made was driuen to a verie hard shift for he doubted nothing lesse than that any such thing should haue chanced Yet considering with line 40 himselfe that the sauing of the towne stood in his speedie comming to the rescue he hasted thither without any staie and came to the place the daie before the third and last daie of the truce King Lewes perceiuing him to be come doubting least he should lose the preie which he looked for sent vnto the king and required that he might common with him on the next daie touching some means of agréement to be had betwixt him and his sons This did he of policie to féed him with hope of some end to be made in the line 50 troubles betwixt him and his sons till he had gotten possession of the towne Now as he forecast that matter euen so it came to passe for whilest a great péece of the next daie was spent in feined talke about an agréement K. Lewes appointed a great part of his host to close the towne about and to declare vnto them within that king Henrie was put to flight which talke they within Uernueil beléeuing yéelded the towne themselues to the French men Soone after king Lewes mistrusting line 60 least he should not be able to kéepe it set it on fire and so burnt it contrarie to the composition betwixt him and them agréed and concluded vpon He kept also the souldiers that had yeelded it into his hands togither with the hostages as prisoners and doubting to cope with his enimie went awaie in the night with as still noise as was possible Which euill dealing had not inuaded his hart but that euill meaning had possessed it before euen at the composition making but he neuer learned that Fidem qui perdit nihil potest vltra perdere King Henrie at length perceiuing the fraud sent certeine bands of his horssemen after to pursue the enimie but for that king Lewes was alreadie gotten into the inner parts of his owne countrie those which were sent turned vpon those that were left in the hindermost ward of whome they slue a great number both horssemen and footmen K. Henrie following his men came to Uernueil and staieng there that night tooke order for the repairing and new fortifieng of the towne On the morrow after he went to the castell of Danuille and wan it taking diuerse knights and yeomen within it this castell belonged to one Gilbert de Tileres And thus it came to passe touching the attempt of the French king for the winning of Uernueil as in some authors we find reported ¶ Other write otherwise of the mater as thus the French K. being summoned by K. Henrie the father either to depart from the siege of Uernueil or to looke for battell hearing also that in performance of the message K. Henrie approched with his power he sent a bishop an abbat vnto him to vnderstand if he meant to giue battell in deed The messengers met king Henrie as he was aduanced before his host vpon some occasion with a small companie about him vnto whom they declared that their maister the French king required to be assured whether he should haue battell or no. King Henrie armed as he was with fierce countenance and dreadfull voice made this short answere Get you hence and tell your king that I am here at hand The messengers returning to their maister declared what they had séene and heard Wherevpon without longer staie he raised his field and with a gallant and mightie armie departed home to his great dishonour not winning the towne at all as by the same author it should appeere About the same time the earle of Flanders one of the confederats besieged the towne of Albemarle and the earle therof within it which earle was thought to betraie the towne bicause it was so easilie woone and both he himselfe and those which king Henrie the father had sent thither to defend the towne were taken prisoners Diuerse other places which belonged to the same earle were also immediatlie deliuered into the enimies hands which increased the suspicion After this towne of Newcastell otherwise called Drincourt in those frontiers was besieged and finallie woone by surrender by the said earle of Flanders who reioised nothing at the gaine of that towne for his brother Matthew the earle of Bullongne who should haue béene his heire was shot into the knée with an arrow as he approched to the wals and died of the hurt within a few daies after The earle of Flanders was so pensife for his brothers death that he brake vp his iournie and returned blaming his euill hap and follie in that he had attempted war against his coosen germane king Henrie who neuer had harmed him but rather had doone him manie great and singular pleasures from time to time ¶ Good cause had the earle to giue ouer the prosequuting of violence against his souereigne being dawnted with so heauie a chance griped also with the grudge of conscience in so vnkindlie rewarding his welwiller at whose hands he confessed himselfe to haue receiued manie a benefit Wherein we are to note that ingratitude neuer hurieth anie so much as him or them in whom it is nestled And hereto alludeth the comedie-writer when he saith verie neatlie morem hunc homines habent quod sibi volunt Dum id impetrāt boni sunt sed id vbi iam pene◠se habēt Ex bonis pessimi fraudulentissimi sunt Moreouer Henrie the elder after the iournie of Uernueil ended came backe to Rouen and there vnderstanding that Hugh earle of Chester and Raft de Foulgiers men of singular prowesse who long before were reuolted to his sonne Henrie had taken the castell of Dole in Britaine and there making warre brought all the countrie into trouble he sent foorth streightwaies certeine of his capteines with the Brabanders to aid his people in those parts who on the twentith day of August being monday encountring with the enimies discomfited them in battell tooke seauenteene knights besides diuerse others both horssemen and footmen slue aboue fifteene hundred of the enimies being Britaines and pursuing the residue entred the towne which they wan and droue their aduersaries into the castell where line 10 they besieged them and with all spéed aduertised the king of that enterprise who immediatlie with all possible hast came thither applieng his whole diligence to win
vltra mare Richardum regem Angliae dominum de morte marchisi inculpent iuro per dominum qui regnat in line 60 aeternum per legem quam tenemus quòd in â—ius mortem nullam culpam habuit Est siquidem causa mortis ipsius marchisi talis Vnus ex fratribus nostris in vnam nauem de Satalei ad partes nostras veniebat tempestas illum fortè ad Tyrum appulit marchisus fecit illum capere occidere magnam pecuniam eius rapuit Nos verò marchiso nuncios nostros misimus mandantes vt pecuniam fratris nostrinobis redderet de morte fratris nostri nobiscum se concordaret noluit Nec non nuncios nostros spreuit mortem fratris nostri super Reginaldum dominum de Sidonis posuit nos tantùm fecimus per amicos nostros quod in veritate scimus quòd ille fecit illum occidere pecuniam rapere Et iterum alium nuncium nostrum nomine Edrisum misimus ad eum quem in mare mergere voluit sed amici nostri illum à Tyro festinanter fecerunt recedere qui ad nos peruenit ista nobis nunciauit Nos quoque ex illa hora marchisum desiderauimus occidere Túncque duos fratres misimus ad Tyrum qui eum apertè ferè coram omni populo Tyri occiderunt Haec ergò fuit causa mortis marchisi benè dicimus vobis in veritate quòd dominus Richardus rex Angliae in hac marchisi morte nullam culpam habuit Et qui propter hoc domino regi Angliae malum fecerunt iniustè fecerunt sine causa Sciatis pro certo quòd nullum hominem huius mundi pro mercede aliqua vel pecunia occidimus nisi priùs nobis malum fecerit Et sciatis quòd has liter as fecimus in domo nostra ad castellum nostrum Messiat in dimidio Septembri anno ab Alexandro 1505. The same in English VEtus de Monte to Lupold duke of Austrich sendeth greeting Where manie kings and princes beyond the seas blame Richard king of England of the marques his death I sweare by the lord that reigneth euerlastinglie and by the law which we hold that he was not in fault for his death For the verie cause of the marques his death was such as followeth One of our brethren in a ship of Satalie came towards our parties and chanced by tempest to be driuen vnto Tyre and the marques caused him to be taken and slaine and tooke a great portion of monie that he had in the ship with him Whervpon we sent our messengers to the marques commanding him to restore vnto vs the monie of our brother and to compound with vs for our said brothers death and he would not Moreouer he also contemned our messengers laid the fault of our brothers death vpon Reginald lord of Sidon and we did so much through our freends that we got full vnderstanding that the marques himselfe caused him to be slaine and tooke his monie And therefore we sent vnto him againe an other messenger named Edrisus whome he would haue drowned in the sea but our freends made such shift that they procured him to depart with speed from Tyre who returned to vs 〈◊〉 signified these things to vs for certeine And from that houre euer after we had a desire to slea the marques and so then we sent two of our brethren vnto Tyre who openlie in a manner in presence of all the people of Tyre slue him This therefore was the verie cause of the death of the marques we say to you in good sooth that the lord Richard king of England in this death of the marques was nothing culpable and they that haue doone anie displeasure vnto the king of England for this cause they haue doone it wrongfullie and without anie iust occasion Know ye for certeine that we doo not vse to kill anie man of this world for anie bribe or for monie except he haue doone to vs some harme afore time And know ye that we haue made these letters in our house at our castell of Messuat in the midst of September in the yeare from Alexander the great 1505. ¶ Thus we see how king Richard was cleared of that crime concerning the marques his death by the tenour of this letter And verelie it is most like that line 10 king Richard would haue béene loth to haue communicated his purpose vnto such a wicked kind of pagans as the Assassini were if he had pretended any such matter but rather would haue sought his reuenge by some other meanes Now therefore to our purpose The newes of the taking of king Richard was anon bruted and blowne ouer all Germanie wherevpon the emperour Henrie the sixt the sonne of Frederike the first year 1193 sent in all hast vnto the duke persuading line 20 him to deliuer the king into his hands being able to susteine and abide the malice of all them that would be offended with the taking and deteining of him prisoner as the pope and others The emperour well vnderstood the wealth and riches of England and therefore hoped to make some good purchase by ransoming the king if he might get him out of the dukes hands The duke perceiuing also the emperours meaning durst not well denie his request and therefore he deliuered the king vnto them that line 30 were sent from the emperour who couenanted to giue vnto the said duke the summe of 6000. pounds of Cullen weight for the hauing of the said king The emperour thus receiuing the king at the hands of the duke of Austrich commanded that he should be committed to close prison and would not doo so much as once speake with him This he did to cause the king vpon an indignation and wearinesse of that maner of life to make speed in offering some large masse of monie for his libertie deliuerance ¶ Thus line 40 we sée how couetousnesse infected the hearts of the mightie and what occasion the emperour and duke did take to inrich themselues by the meanes of the king whome they forced not to impouerish so their owne greedie worme were serued But this hath béene a disease not so generall as ancient according to his words that said Vix ego Saturno quenquam regnante videbam Cuius non animo dulcia lucra forent Here is to be remembred by the waie that about line 50 the same time or somewhat before in the yeare of our Lord 1192. the pope sent two legats namelie Octauian bishop of Hostia and Iordane de Fossa noua into Normandie to reconcile the bishop of Elie and the archbishop of Rouen but comming vnto Gisors they were staied from entring any further into the countrie wherevpon they did interdict the whole duchie of Normandie togither with William Fitz Radulfe lord steward of that countrie bicause he was the man that had so staied them
men vnder the leading of the chatelaine of saint Omers and the chatelaine of Arras Hugh Thacon Eustace de Neuille Baldwin Brecell William de Wimes Giles de Melun W. de Beamont Giles de Hersie Biset de Fersie and others the which taking the sea arriued with one and fortie ships in the Thames and so came to London the seauen and twentith of Februarie where they were receiued of the barons with great ioy and gladnesse Moreouer the said Lewes wrote to the barons that he purposed by Gods assistance to be at Calice by a day appointed with an armie redie to passe ouer with all spéed vnto their succours The fridaie before Candlemasse day Sauarie de Mauleon and other capteines of the kings side laid siege to the castell of Colchester but hauing intelligence that the barons which laie at London made forward with all speed to come to succour that castell on the Wednesday after Candlemasse day being the third of Februarie they raised their siege and went backe towards S. Edmundsburie In the meane while the K. being gone as yee haue heard to the borders of Scotland a brute was raised that he was dead and secretlie buried at Reading But this rumour had not time to worke any great alteration for after he had dispatched his businesse in the north as he thought expedient he returned and comming into the east parts about the midst of Lent himselfe in person besieged the castell of Colchester and within a few daies after his comming thither it was deliuered vnto him by Frenchmen that kept it with condition that they might depart with all their goods and armour vnto their fellowes at London and that the Englishmen there in companie with them in that castell might likewise depart vpon reasonable ransoms But although that couenant was kept with the Frenchmen yet the Englishmen were staied and committed to prison Wherevpon when the Frenchmen came to London they were apprehended and charged with treason for making such composition whereby those Englishmen that were fellowes with them in arms were secluded from so beneficiall conditions as they had made for themselues They were in danger to haue béene put to death for their euill dealing herein albeit at length it was concluded that they should remaine in prison till the comming of Lewes vnto whose pleasure their cause should be referred After this the castell of Hâ—dingham was woone which belonged vnto earle Robert de Uere Then the king prepared to besiege London but the Londoners were of such courage that they set open their gates and hearing of the kings approach made readie to issue forth to giue him battell wherof the king being aduertised withdrew backe but Sauerie de Mauleon was suddenlie set vpon by the Londoners lost manie of his men and was sore hurt and wounded himselfe The king perceiuing that it would not preuaile him to attempt the winning of the citie at that time drew alongst the coast fortified his castels and prepared a great name meaning to encounter his enimie Lewes by sea but through tempest the ships which he had got togither from Yarmouth Dunwich Lin and other hauens were dispersed in sunder and manie of them cast awaie by rage and violence of the outragious winds Somewhat before this time also when he heard of the compact made betwixt the barons and his aduersaries the Frenchmen he dispatched a messenger in all hast to the pope signifieng to him what was in hand and practised against him requiring furthermore the said pope by his authoritie to cause Lewes to staie his iournie and to succour those rebels in England which he had alreadie excommunicated This he néeded not haue doone had he beene indued with such prudence and prowesse as is requisit to be planted in one that beareth rule of whom it is said Cui si quando Deus rerum permittat habenas Imperijque decus tunc aurea secula fiunt Tunc floret virtus terrásque Astrea reuisit Pax viget vitium duris cohibetur habenis whereas by meanes of defects in the contrarie he line 10 bare too low a saile in that he would be so foolified as being a king to suffer vsurped supremasie to be caruee of his kingdome But let vs sée the consequence The pope desirous to helpe king Iohn all that he might bicause he was now his vassall sent his legat Gualo into France to disswade king Philip from taking anie enterprise in hand against the king of England But king Philip though he was content to heare what the legat could saie yet by no meanes would be turned from the execution of his line 20 purpose alledging that king Iohn was not the lawfull king of England hauing first vsurped and taken it awaie from his nephue Arthur the lawfull inheritour and that now sithens as an enimie to his owne roiall dignitie he had giuen the right of his kingdome awaie to the pope which he could not doo without consent of his nobles and therefore through his owne fault he was worthilie depriued of all his kinglie honor For the kingdome of England saith he neuer belonged to the patrimonie of S. Peter nor at anie time shall For admit that he were rightfull line 30 king yet neither he nor anie other prince may giue awaie his kingdome without the assent of his barons which are bound to defend the same and the prerogatiue roiall to the vttermost of their powers Furthermore saith he if the pope doo meane to mainteine this errour he shall giue a perilous example to all kingdomes of the world Herewithall the Nobles of France then present protested also with one voice that in defense of this article they would stand to the death which is that no king or prince at line 40 his will and pleasure might giue awaie his kingdome or make it tributarie to anie other potentate whereby the Nobles should become thrall or subiect to a forren gouernour These things were doone at Lions in the quindene after Easter Lewes on the morrow following being the 26 of Aprill by his fathers procurement came into the councell chamber and with frowning looke beheld the legat where by his procurator he defended the cause that moued him to take vpon him this iournie into line 50 England disprouing not onelie the right which king Iohn had to the crowne but also alledging his owne interest not onelie by his new election of the barons but also in the title of his wife whose mother the quéene of Castile remained onelie aliue of all the brethren and sisters of Henrie the second late king of England as before ye haue heard The legat made answer herevnto that king Iohn had taken vpon him the crosse as one appointed to go to warre line 60 against Gods enimies in the holie land wherefore he ought by decrée of the generall councell to haue peace for foure yeares to come and to remaine in suertie vnder protection of the apostolike sée But Lewes replied
historie written of this prince he shall find that he hath beene little beholden to the writers of that time in which he liued for scarselie can they afoord him a good word except when the trueth inforceth them to come out with it as it were against their willes The occasion whereof as some thinke was for that he was no great freend to the clergie And yet vndoubtedlie his déeds shew he had a zeale to religion as it was then accompted for he founded the abbeie of Beauleau in the new forrest as it were in recompense line 30 of certeine parishchurches which to inlarge the same forrest he caused to be throwne downe and ruinated He builded the monasterie of Farendon and the abbeie of Hales in Shropshire he repaired Godstow where his fathers concubine Rosamund laie interred he was no small benefactor to the minster of Lichfield in Staffordshire to the abbeie of Crokesden in the same shire and to the chappell at Knatesburgh in Yorkshire So that to say what I thinke line 40 he was not so void of deuotion towards the church as diuers of his enimies haue reported who of meere malice conceale all his vertues and hide none of his vices but are plentifull inough in setting foorth the same to the vttermost and interpret all his dooings and saiengs to the woorst as may appeare to those that aduisedlie read the works of them that write the order of his life which may séeme rather an inuectiue than a true historie neuerthelesse sith we cannot come by the truth of things through the malice line 50 of writers we must content our selues with this vnfréendlie description of his time Certeinelie it should séeme the man had a princelie heart in him and wanted nothing but faithfull subiects to haue assisted him in reuenging such wrongs as were doone and offered by the French king and others Moreouer the pride and pretended authoritie of the cleargie he could not well abide when they went about to wrest out of his hands the prerogatiue of his princelie rule and gouernement True it is that to mainteine his warres which he was forced to take in hand as well in France as elsewhere he was constreined to make all the shift he could deuise to recouer monie and bicause he pinched their pursses they conceiued no small hatred against him which when he perceiued and wanted peraduenture discretion to passe it ouer he discouered now and then in his rage his immoderate displeasure as one not able to bridle his affections a thing verie hard in a stout stomach and thereby missed now and then to compasse that which otherwise he might verie well haue brought to passe It is written that he meant to haue become feudarie for maintenance sake against his owne disloiall subiects and other his aduersaries vnto Miramumeline the great king of the Saracens but for the truth of this report I haue little to saie and therefore I leaue the credit thereof to the authors It is reported likewise that in time when the realme stood interdicted as he was abroad to hunt one day it chanced that there was a great stag or hart killed which when he came to be broken vp prooued to be verie fat and thicke of flesh Oh saith he what a plesant life this déere hath led and yet in all his daies he neuer heard masse To conclude it may séeme that in some respects he was not greatlie superstitious and yet not void of a religious zeale towards the maintenance of the cleargie as by his bountifull liberalitie bestowed in building of abbeies and churches as before yée haue hard it may partlie appeare In his daies manie learned men liued as Geffrey Uinesaufe Simon Fraxinus alià s Ash Adamus Dorensis Gualter de Constantijs first bishop of Lincolne and after archbishop of Rouen Iohn de Oxford Colman surnamed Sapiens Richard Canonicus William Peregrine Alane Teâ—kesburie Simon Thurnaie who being an excellent philosopher but standing too much in his owne conceit vpon a sudden did so forget all his knowledge in learning that he became the most ignorant of all other a punishment as was thought appointed him of God for such blasphemies as he had wickedlie vttered both against Moses and Christ. Geruasius Dorobernensis Iohn Hanwill Nigell Woreker Gilbert de Hoiland Benet de Peterburgh William Parnus a moonke of Newburgh Roger Houeden Hubert Walter first bishop of Salisburie and after archbishop of Canturburie Alexander Theologus of whome yee haue heard before Geruasius Tilberiensis Syluester Giraldus Cambrensis who wrote manie treatises Ioseph Deuonius Walter Mapis Radulfus de Diceto Gilbert Legley Mauricius Morganius Walter Morganius Iohn de Fordeham William Leicester Ioceline Brakeland Roger of Crowland Hugh White alià s Candidus that wrote an historie intituled Historia Petroburgensis Iohn de saint Omer Adam Barking Iohn Gray an historiographer and bishop of Norwich Walter of Couentrie Radulphus Niger c. Sée Bale Scriptorum Britanniae centuria tertia Thus farre king Iohn Henrie the third the eldest sonne of king Iohn HEnrie the third of that name the eldest sonne of K. Iohn a child of the age of nine yeres began his reigne ouer the realme of England the ninetéenth day of October in the yeare of our Lord 1216 in the seuenth yeare of the emperour Frederike the second year 1216 and in the 36 yeare of the reigne of Philip line 10 the second king of France Immediatlie after the death of his father king Iohn William Marshall earle of Penbroke generall of his fathers armie brought this yoong prince with his brother and sisters vnto Glocester and there called a councell of all such lords as had taken part with king Iohn Anon after it was once openlie knowne that the sonnes and daughters of the late deceassed prince were brought into a place of safetie a great number of the lords and cheefe barons of the line 20 realme hasted thither I meane not onelie such as had holden with king Iohn but also diuerse other which vpon certeine knowledge had of his death were newlie reuolted from Lewes in purpose to aid yoong king Henrie to whome of right the crowne did apperteine Thither also came Uallo or Guallo the popes legat an earnest defender of the kings cause with Peter bishop of Winchester Iocelin bishop of Bath also Ranulph earle of Chester William Ferrers line 30 earle of Derbie Iohn Marshall and Philip de Albenie with diuerse other lords and peeres of the relme and a great number of abbats and priors who by and by fell to councell togither what waie should be best to take for the good order of things now in so doubtfull and perilous a time as this The péeres of the realme being thus assembled William earle of Penbroke bringing the yoong king into their presence and setting him before them spake these words following line 40 The earle of Penbroks short and sweet oration as it is borrowed out of maister Fox BEhold right honourable and welbeloued
alledged that he did not infringe any thing that he had then granted but such things as his gouernours had suffered to passe whilest he was vnder age and not ruler of himselfe he caused them therefore to redéeme manie of the same priuileges whereby he gained great finance for the setting to of his new seale as before yee haue heard declared Moreouer in this yeare there were sent certeine persons from pope Gregorie the ninth that succéeded Honorius into all the parts of Europe to mooue by preaching the christian people to make a iournie into the holie land against the Saracens Such a multitude by means hereof did assemble togither from all parts and that within a short time as the like had sildome times beene heard of It is said that amongst them there should be to the number of fortie thousand Englishmen of whome Peter bishop of Winchester and William bishop of Excester were the cheefe Capteins also of that great multitude of crossed souldiers that went foorth of sundrie countries were these Theobald earle of Champaigne and Philip de Albenie through whose negligence the sequels of this noble enterprise came but to small effect But to procéed About this time the king minding the benefit of the commonwealth caused the weights and measures generallie within the land to be reformed after one standard Furthermore he created Hubert de Burgh earle of Kent the which Hubert how much praise so euer he got at the beginning for his valiancie shewed in the defending of Douer castell and in vanquishing the French fléet that was comming to the succour of Lewes by battell on the sea it is certeine that now he purchased himselfe double as much hatred and euill will bicause that being of secret councell with the king and thereby after a sort sequestred from the lords he was knowne to dissuade the said prince from restoring of the ancient lawes and customes vnto the people which the barons oft required whereby it came to passe that the more he grew in fauour with the prince the further he came into the enuie of the Nobilitie and hatred of the people which is a common reward to such as in respect of their maister doo little regard the profit of others as the prouerbe saith Plus quis honoratur hostis tum multiplicatur Furthermore vpon the ninth of Iulie Stephan the archbishop of Canturburie died after he had gouerned that sée the terme of 21 yeares after whome succéeded Richard Wethersheid deane of Paules who was the thrée and fortith archbishop of that sée The moonks of Canturburie had first elected one of line 10 their owne conuent named Walter de Helmesham which election was made by the same moonks the third daie of August next insuing the death of their said archbishop Stephan but the king would not consent that he should haue the place for diuerse causes which he obiected as first for that he knew him to be such a man as should be vnprofitable both to him and to his kingdome Secondlie bicause his father was a theefe and thereof being conuict suffered death vpon the gallowes Thirdlie for that he line 20 himselfe had stood against king Iohn in time of the interdiction On the other side the bishops suffragans to the church of Canturburie obiected also against him that he had vsed the familiar companie of a nunne and begot of hir certeine children Moreouer they alledged that no election without their consent could be good nor ought to take place But the moonke making his appeale stood in it and taking with him certeine of his fellow moonks of Canturburie went line 30 to Rome and there made supplication to the pope that his election by his authoritie might be ratified and confirmed Whereof the king and the other bishops being aduertised did put their obiections in writing vnder their seales sent the same to Rome to be exhibited to the pope by the bishops of Westchester and Rochester and Iohn the archdeacon of Bedford who vsed such means that his election was iudged void then the said Richard Wethersheid was out of hand elected confirmed In that yeare line 40 also a grant was made to the citizens of London that they should haue and vse a common seale In this meane while Hugh the earle of March so laboured with the Normans and Poictouins in the behalfe of the king of England that they began to incline to his purpose wherevpon he sent his letters by secret meanes vnto king Henrie signifieng to him that if it would please him to come ouer with an armie to make warre against the French king they would be readie to turne vnto his side and line 50 receiue him as their souereigne King Henrie taking aduise what to answer and doo herein with his welbeloued councellour Hubert of Burgh thought it not good to attempt anie thing rashlie in this matter bicause the dealings of the Normans were neuer without some fraud but yet to satisfie the request of his fréends he promised to come ouer shortlie vnto them if in the meane time he might perceiue that they remained stedfast in their purpose giuing them furthermore manie great and hartie thanks for their line 60 good meaning and singular kindnesse towards him Now things beyond the sea standing in this order it happened in the moneth of August that the soldiers which laie in garrison within the castell of Mountgomerie tooke in hand to stocke vp a wood not farre from the said castell through which lay an highwaie where oftentimes manie fellonious robberies and murders were committed by the Welsh As the souldiers were busie at worke in stocking vp the wood there came vpon them an ambushment of Welshmen which not onlie draue them awaie from their worke but also tooke and slue diuerse of them constreining the residue to flée into the castell which immediatlie the Welshmen inuironed also about with a strong siege thinking to find the defendants vnprouided They within aduertised Hugh de Burgh the lord chéefe iustice to whome the castell belonged by the kings late gift of the exploit and enterprise attempted by their enimies with all possible hast wherevpon the king at request of the said Hubert leuied ◠power and came to raise the siege But the Welshmen hearing of the kings approch fled awaie like sheepe so that comming to the castell he found no resistance howbeit for so much as he saw the foresaid wood to be troublesome and an annoiance to the said castell he willed it to be destroied True it is that the same wood was verie thicke and rough and further it conteined also fiue leagues or fifteene miles in length yet by such diligence as was vsed the same was wasted stocked vp and quickelie rid out of the waie by fire and other means so that the countrie was made plaine a great waie about After this the king departed foorth into the Welsh confines and comming to an
to diuerse yoong line 10 préests and scholers as some write in somuch that the legat afterwards comming to Oxford year 1238 and lodging in the abbie of Osnie it chanced as certeine scholers pressed to the gates thinking to come in and doo their dutie as they tooke the matter vnto the legat the porter kept them backe and gaue them ouerthwart words wherevpon they rushed in vpon him so began a fraie betwixt them and the legats men who would haue beaten them backe It fortuned in this hurlie burlie that a poore Irish line 20 scholer being got in néere to the kitchin dresser besought the cooke for Gods sake to giue him some reliefe but the cooke as manie of that calling are cholerike fellowes in a great furie tooke vp a ladle full of hot broath out of a kettell wherein flesh had béene sodden and threw it right vpon the Irishmans face which thing when another Welsh scholer that stood by beheld he cried out What meane we to suffer this villanie and therewithall tooke an arrow and set it in his bow which he had caught vp in his hand at the line 30 beginning of the fraie and drawing it vp to the head let flie at the cooke and so slue him there outright Herevpon againe noise and tumult rose round about the house the legat for feare got him into the belfraie of the abbeie where he kept himselfe close till the darke of the night had staied the vprore and then stale foorth and taking his horsse escaped as secretlie as he could ouer the Thames and rode with all spéed to the court which laie not far off at Abington and there made his complaint to the king in such line 40 lamentable wise that he foorthwith sent the earle Waren with a power of armed men to fetch awaie the residue of the legats seruants which remained behind in the abbeie and to apprehend the chiefe offendors The earle comming thither tooke thirtie scholers with one master Odo a lawier and brought them to Wallingford castell and there committed them to prison The legat also in reuenge of the iniurie in this wise to him doone pronounced the cursse against line 50 the misdooers and handled the matter in such wise that the regents and masters of the Uniuersitie were at length constreined to come vnto London there to go bare-footed through Cheapeside vnto the church of S. Paule in such wise to aske him forgiuenesse and so with much adoo they obteined absolution This legat among other things demanded soone after the tenth part of all spirituall mens yearelie reuenues towards the maintenance of the wars against the Saracens in Asia line 60 Moreouer the emperour of Constantinople namelie Baldwine sonne to Peter earle of Ausserre being expelled out of his empire came this yeare into England to sue for aid but at his first arriuall at Douer he was told that he had not doone well to come so presumptuouslie into the land of another prince without his safe conduct But when the said emperour séemed to be sorie for his offense and to excuse his innocencie and sincere meaning the king was pacified willed him to come to London where at his comming thither being the 22 daie of Aprill he was honorablie receiued and at his departure with rich gifts highlie honored so that he had awaie with him to the value of about seuen hundred marks as was reported About this time also Elianor the kings sister that was sometime wife vnto William Marshall earle of Penbroke was now by the kings meanes married the second time to Simon Montford a man of high parentage and noble prowesse This Simon was indowed with such vertue good counsell courteous discretion and other amiable qualities that he was highlie fauoured as was supposed both of God and man in somuch that he might right well as for birth so also for education and good demeanour be counted as he deserued a notable Noble man for he was so qualified as standeth with the nature of true nobilitie according to that of the poet non census nec clarum nomen auorum Sed probitas magnos ingeniùmque facit Notwithstanding all which noble indowments concurring in him he was banished out of France vpon displeasure which Blanch the quéene mother conceiued against him But now comming into England he was ioifullie receiued of king Henrie who not onelie gaue vnto him as aboue is mentioned his sister in mariage with the earledome of Leicester in name of a dowrie but also aduanced him vnto offices of greatest honour within the realme of England Howbeit this marriage was verie displeasant vnto Edmund the archbishop of Canturburie bicause that the foresaid Elianor after the death of hir first husband had vowed perpetuall chastitie and betaken hir as was said to the mantell and the ring As the prelat was not pleased with this match so the king was as highlie offended with the archbishop for not fauouring the cause in somuch that the archbishop went soone after to Rome where he not onelie complained of certeine iniuries receiued latelie at the kings hands but also signified the estate of this marriage to procure a diuorce In like manner Richard the kings brother found great fault with the king for the same matter but chieflie for that he stroke it vp without making him and other of the Nobles of councell therein To be short it was not long yer this grudge grew so far that ciuill war was verie likelie to haue followed therevpon But when the king saw that all the lords leaned to his brother he sought to pacifie the matter by courteous means and so by mediation of the legat the king and his brother were reconciled to the great griefe of the lords which had brought the matter now to that point that the king could not haue so resisted their force but that they were in good hope to haue deliuered the realme out of bondage from all manner of strangers as well of those Romans that were beneficed men as of anie other Simon the earle of Leicester also perceiuing how the matter went made shift another waie to get all the monie he could in prest or otherwise in somuch that he had of one burges of Leicester named Simon Curleuath fiue hundred markes and leauing his wife in the castell of Kelingworth he secretlie departed out of the realme and got him to Rome to purchase a confirmation of his marriage which he easilie obteined notwithstanding the archbishop of Canturburies former and verie vehement information against him and so hauing brought his purpose about in the latter end of this yéere he returned into England and was ioifullie receiued first of the king and after of his wife whome he found at Kelingworth néere to the time of hir trauell and shortlie after deliuered of a yoong sonne whom they called Simon after the name of his father At the same time Frederike the emperour
goods should resist them that were thus landed assaile and kill them the quéene his sonne Edward and his brother the earle of Kent onelie excepted and whosoeuer line 30 could bring the head or dead corps of the lord Mortimer of Wigmore should haue for his labour a thousand marks The queenes proclamations on the other part willed all men to hope for peace the Spensers publike enimies of the realme and the lord chancellor Robert Baldocke with their assistants onlie excepted through whose meanes the present trouble was happened to the realme And it was forbidden that no man should take ought from any person and who so euer could bring to the quéene the head of Hugh line 40 Spenser the yoonger should haue two thousand pounds of the queenes gift The king at his departure from London left maister Walter Stapleton the bishop of Excester behind him to haue the rule of the citie of London Then shortlie after the quéene with hir son making towards London wrote a letter to the maior and the citizens requiring to haue assistance for the putting downe of the Spensers not onelie knowne enimies of theirs but also common enimies to all the realme line 50 of England To this letter no answer at the first was made wherefore an other was sent dated at Baldocke the sixt daie of October vnder the names of Isabell by the grace of God queene of England ladie of Ireland and countesse of Pontieu and of Edward eldest sonne to the king of England duke of Guien earle of Chester of Pontieu and of Muttrell This letter being directed to the maior and communaltie of London conteining in effect that the cause of their landing and entring into the realme at that line 60 time was onelie for the honor of the king and wealth of the realme meaning hurt to no maner of person but to the Spensers was fastened vpon the crosse in Cheape then called the new crosse in Cheape on the night before the ninth daie of October Diuerse copies of the same letter were set vp and fastened vpon windowes and doores in other places of the citie and one of the same copies was tacked vpon the lord maiors gates After which letter thus published in the citie a great number of artificers and other that loued not to sit in rest vpon such occasion of discord offered now that things were in broâ—le in other parts of the realme assembled in great numbers with weapon in hand came to the lord maior of the citie whom they knew to fauor the kings part therefore they forced him through feare of some iniurious violence to receiue an oth to stand to their ordinance which was to put to death all those that were aduersaries to the quéene or had by any meanes procured the hinderance of the cities liberties vnder pretext of which oth they ran and tooke one of the citizens called Iohn Marshall who bicause he was verie familiar with the earle of Glocester and therefore suspected to haue accused the citizens they stroke off his head and spoiled all his goods On the same day being the fourtéenth of October continuing their rage they ran to the house of the bishop of Excester Walter de Stapleton and setting fire on the gates they entred and spoiled him of all his plate iewels monie and goods And as it chanced in an infortunate houre for him the bishop being at the same time returning from the fields would not seeme to shrinke although he was admonished of these outragious attempts of the people but sitting on horssebacke came to the north doore of S. Paule where forthwith the furious people laid violent hands on him threw him downe and drew him most outragiouslie into Cheapeside where they proclamed him an open traitor a seducer of the king and a destroier of their liberties The bishop had vpon him a certeine cote of defense which was called an aketon the same therefore being plucked beside his backe as all other his garments they shore his head from his shoulders and to the like death they put two of his seruants the one an esquire and the other a yeoman The bishops head was set on a pole for a spectacle that the remembrance of his death and the cause thereof might continue His bodie was buried in an old churchyard of the pied friers without any manner of exequies of funerall seruice doone for him The chiefest cause of the enimitie which the Londoners bare towards this bishop rose hereof He being lord treasuror procured that the iustices itinerants did sit in the citie of London and where manie of the citizens were found offendors and iustlie punished as well by loosing their freedoms as by paieng their fines and suffering corporall punishments they conceiued a great displeasure towards him Moreouer it was said that he had raised a great multitude of armed men against the quéene and hir son the duke of Aquitaine and therefore did the Londoners as they affirmed seeke to preuent his proceedings ¶ The morrow after that they had thus beheaded the bishop of Excester they tooke by chance sir Iohn Weston constable of the tower and from him they tooke the keies of the same tower and so entering the tower they set all the prisoners at libertie and in like case all those that were imprisoned in maner through the land were permitted to go at large and all the banished men and outlawes were likewise restored home The Londoners hauing the tower thus at their commandement remooued all the officers therein placed by the king and put other in their roomes in the name of the lord Iohn de Eltham the kings son whom they named warden of the citie and land And yet they ceassed not to commit manie robberies other outragious most insolent parts In the meane time the king being come to Bristow left that citie in the kéeping of the earle of Winchester And with the earles of Glocester and Arundell and the lord chancellor sir Robert Baldocke he sailed ouer into Wales there to raise a power of Welshmen in defense of himselfe against the quéene and hir adherents which he had good hope to find amongest the Welshmen bicause he had euer vsed them gentlie and shewed no rigor towards them for their riotous misgouernance Againe he drew the rather into that part that if there were no remedie he might easilie escape ouer into Ireland and get into some mounteine-countrie marish-ground or other streict where his enimies should not come at him But now to speake of the queene yée most vnderstand that after she had receiued knowledge from the Londoners that they were wholie at hir deuotion line 10 she being glad thereof turned hir iournie toward Wales to follow the king and comming to Oxenford staied there a while and still came people to hir from all sides Héere Adam de Torleton the bishop of Hereford which latelie before had beene sore fined by the king for that he
intrailes and being rolled to and fro burnt the same but so as no appearance of any wound or hurt outwardlie might be once perceiued His crie did mooue manie within the castell and towne of Berkley to compassion plainelie hearing him vtter a wailefull noise as the tormentors were about to murther him so that diuerse being awakened therewith as they themselues confessed praied heartilie to God to receiue his soule when they vnderstood by his crie what the matter ment The quéene the bishop and others that their tyrannie might be hid outlawed and banished the lord Matreuers and Thomas Gourney who flieng vnto Marcels thrée yeares after being knowne taken and brought toward England was beheaded on the sea least he should accuse the chiefe dooers as the bishop and other Iohn Matreuers repenting himselfe laie long hidden in Germanie and in the end died penitentlie Thus was king Edward murthered in the yeare 1327 on the 22 of September The fame went that by this Edward the second after his death manie miracles were wrought So that the like opinion of him was conceiued as before had beene of earle Thomas of Lancaster namelie amongst the common people He was knowne to be of a good and line 10 courteous nature though not of most pregnant wit And albeit in his youth he fell into certeine light crimes and after by the companie and counsell of euill men was induced vnto more heinous vices yet was it thought that he purged the same by repentance and patientlie suffered manie reproofes and finallie death it selfe as before ye haue heard after a most cruell maner He had suerlie good cause to repent his former trade of liuing for by his vndiscreet line 20 and wanton misgouernance there were headed and put to death during his reigne by iudgement of law to the number of 28 barons and knights ouer and beside such as were slaine in Scotland by his infortunate conduct All these mischeefes and manie more happened not onlie to him but also to the whole state of the realme in that he wanted iudgement and prudent discretion to make choise of sage and discréet councellors receiuing those into his fauour that abused the same to their priuate gaine and aduantage not respecting line 30 the aduancement of the common-wealth so they themselues might atteine to riches and honour for which they onelie sought in somuch that by their couetous rapine spoile and immoderate ambition the hearts of the common people nobilitie were quite estranged from the dutifull loue and obedience which they ought to haue shewed to their souereigne going about by force to wrest him to follow their wils and to seeke the destruction of them whome he commonlie fauoured wherein suerlie they were worthie of line 40 blame and to tast as manie of them did the deserued punishment for their disobedient and disloiall demeanors For it was not the waie which they tooke to helpe the disfigured state of the common-wealth but rather the readie meane to ouerthrow all as if Gods goodnesse had not béene the greater it must néeds haue come to passe as to those that shall well consider the pitifull tragedie of this kings time it may well appeare line 50 But now to procéed with that which remaineth touching this infortunate prince He had issue by his wife quéene Isabell two sonnes Edward which was made king whilest he was yet aliue and Iohn which died yoong also two daughters Elianor which died before she came to yeares able for mariage and Ione which was after giuen in mariage vnto Dauid king of Scotland He was indifferentlie tall of stature strong of bodie and healthfull neither wanted there in him stoutnesse of stomach if his euill councellors line 60 had béene remooued that he might haue shewed it in honorable exploits which being kept backe by them he could not doo So that thereby it appeareth of what importance it is to be trained vp in youth with good and honest companie ¶ It is said that he was learned insomuch that there remaine verses which as some haue written he made whilest he was in prison Certeine it is he fauored lerning as by the erection of Oriall colledge in Oxford S. Maries hall which were of his foundation it may well be gathered Learned men we find recorded by Bale to liue in this kings time these as follow Iohn Duns that subtill logician borne as Leland hath gathered in a village in Northumberland called Emildune thrée miles distant from Alnwike although other hold the contrarie the Scots claiming him for their countrieman and the Irishmen for theirs Robert Walsingham a Carmelite frier that writ diuerse treatises Iohn Wilton an Augustine frier Walter Winterborne Rafe Locksley Nicholas Stanford William Whitley Thomas Ioice Walter Ioice William Gainesburgh Robert Baston borne not farre from Notingham a Carmelite frier of Scarburgh the same whome king Edward tooke with him into Scotland to write some remembrances of his victories although being taken by the Scots he was constreined by Robert Bruce to frame a dittie to a contrarie tune Iohn Horminger a Suffolke man borne William Rishanger a moonke of S. Albons an historiographer Rafe Baldocke bishop of London wrote also an historie which was intituled Historiae Anglica Richard Bliton a Lincolnshire man borne a Carmelite frier Iohn Walsingham borne either in Walsingham or Brunham as Bale supposeth a Carmelite frier also and wrote diuerse treatises Thomas Chabham a canon of Salisburie and a doctor of diuinitie Robert Plimpton borne in Deuonshire a regular canon Thomas Castleford a moonke of Pomfret William Mansfield Iohn Canon Robert Grime William Askettle of Beuerley Geffrey of Cornewall Iohn Gatisdene Theobald Anglicus Stephan Eiton or Edon Iohn Goldstone borne in Yorkeshire Iohn Winchelsey Nicholas de Lyra a Iew by birth of those that had their habitations in England who wrote verie manie treatises to his great commendation for his singular knowledge and zeale which he shewed in disprouing the Rabines that still sought to kéepe the Iewish nation in blindnesse and vaine hope in looking for another Messias Rafe Acton an excellent diuine Iohn Dumbleton a logician Thomas Langford borne in Maldon in Essex a logician Osbert Pickenam a Carmelite frier of Lin in Norffolke Nicholas Okeham a graie frier William Ockam a frier minor that wrote diuerse treatises and namelie against Iohn Duns and likewise against Iohn the three and twentith pope of that name in fauour of the emperour Lewes of Bauier Richard Walingford Thomas Haselwood a canon of Léeds in Kent wrote a chronicle called Chronicon compendiarium Robert Karew Robert Perscrutator borne in Yorkeshire a blacke frier and a philosopher or rather a magician Richard Belgraue a Carmelite Brinkley a minorite and others Thus far infortunat Edward the second Edward the third who came to the crowne by the resignation of his father Edward the second EDward the third of that name the sonne of Edward the second and of Isabell the onelie daughter of Philip
disobeieng the arrest he should be dispatched out of life And in this maner ye imagined his death To the which I answered that it were conuenient the king should send for his councell and if they agréed herevnto I would not be against it and so I departed To this Bagot made no answer line 50 After this the king commanded that the lords Berkleie and Louell and sir knights of the lower house should go after dinner to examine the said Hall This was on a thursdaie being the fiftéenth of October On the saturdaie next insuing sir William Bagot and the said Iohn Hall were brought both to the barre and Bagot was examined of certeine points and sent againe to prison The lord Fitzwater herewith rose vp and said to the king that where the duke of Aumarle excuseth himselfe of the duke line 60 of Glocesters death I say quoth he that he was the verie cause of his death and so he appealed him of treason offering by throwing downe his hood as a gage to proue it with his bodie There were twentie other lords also that threw downe their hoods as pledges to proue the like matter against the duke of Aumarle The duke of Aumarle threw downe his hood to trie it against the lord Fitzwater as against him that lied falselie in that he had charged him with by that his appeale These gages were deliuered to the constable and marshall of England and the parties put vnder arrest The duke of Surrie stood vp also against the lord Fitzwater auouching that where he had said that the appellants were causers of the duke of Glocesters death it was false for they were constrained to sue the same appeale in like manner as the said lord Fitzwater was compelled to giue iudgement against the duke of Glocester and the earle of Arundell so that the suing of the appeale was doone by constraint and if he said contrarie he lied and therewith he threw downe his hood The lord Fitzwater answered herevnto that he was not present in the parlement house when iudgement was giuen against them and all the lords bare witnesse thereof Moreouer where it was alledged that the duke of Aumarle should send two of his seruants to Calis to murther the duke of Glocester the said duke of Aumarle said that if the duke of Norfolke affirme it he lied falselie and that he would proue with his bodie throwing downe an other hood which he had borowed The same was likewise deliuered to the constable and marshall of England and the king licenced the duke of Norfolke to returne that he might arraigne his appeale After this was Iohn Hall condemned of treason by authoritie of the parlement for that he had confessed himselfe to be one of them that put the duke of Glocester to death at Calis and so on the mondaie following he was drawne from the Tower to Tiburne and there hanged bowelled headed and quartered his head being sent to Calis there to be set vp where the duke was murthered On wednesdaie following request was made by the commons that sith king Richard had resigned and was lawfullie deposed from his roiall dignitie he might haue iudgement decréed against him so as the realme were not troubled by him and that the causes of his deposing might be published through the realme for satisfieng of the people which demand was granted Wherevpon the bishop of Carleill a man both learned wise and stout of stomach boldlie shewed foorth his opinion concerning that demand affirming that there was none amongst them woorthie or meet to giue iudgement vpon so noble a prince as king Richard was whom they had taken for their souereigne and liege lord by the space of two twentie yeares and more And I assure you said he there is not so ranke a traitor nor so errant a théef nor yet so cruell a murtherer apprehended or deteined in prison for his offense but he shall be brought before the iustice to heare his iudgement and will ye procéed to the iudgement of an anointed king hearing neither his answer nor excuse I say that the duke of Lancaster whom ye call king hath more trespassed to K. Richard his realme than king Richard hath doone either to him or vs for it is manifest well knowne that the duke was banished the realme by K. Richard and his councell and by the iudgement of his owne father for the space of ten yeares for what cause ye know and yet without licence of king Richard he is returned againe into the realine and that is woorse hath taken vpon him the name title preheminence of king And therfore I say that you haue doone manifest wrong to procéed in anie thing against king Richard without calling him openlie to his answer and defense ¶ As soone as the bishop had ended this tale he was attached by the earle marshall and committed to ward in the abbeie of faint Albons Moreouer where the king had granted to the earle of Westmerland the countie of Richmond the duke of Britaine pretending a right thereto by an old title had sent his letters ouer vnto the estates assembled in this parlement offering to abide such order as the law would appoint in the like case to anie of the kings subiects Wherevpon the commons for the more suertie of the intercourse of merchants besought the king that the matter might be committed to the ordering of the councell of either of the parties and of his counsell so as an end might be had therein which request was likewise granted After this the records of the last parlement were shewed with the appeales the commission made to twelue persons to determine things that were motioned in the same last parlement Héerevpon the commons praied that they might haue iustice Markham and maister Gascoigne a sergeant at the law ioined with them for counsell touching the perusing of the records which was granted them and day giuen ouer line 10 till the next morrow in the White-hall where they sat about these matters thrée daies togither On the morrow following being the éeuen of Simon and Iude the apostles the commons required to heare the iudgement of king Richard Wherevpon the archbishop of Canturburie appointed to speake declared how that the king that now is had granted king Richard his life but in such wise as he should remaine in perpetuall prison so safelie kept that neither the king nor realme should be troubled with line 20 him It was also concluded that if anie man went about to deliuer him that then he should be the first that should die for it After this the commons praied that the lords and other that were of king Richards counsell might be put to their answers for their sundrie misdemeanors which was granted On Wednesday following being the morrow after the feast of Simon and Iude all the processe of the parlement holden the 21 yéere of king Richards reigne was read openlie in which
his eldest daughter Blanch accōpanied with the earle of Summerset the bishop of Worcester the lord Clifford and others into Almanie which brought hir to Colin and there with great triumph she was married to William duke of Bauier sonne and heire to Lewes the emperour About mid of August the king to chastise the presumptuous attempts of the Welshmen went with a great power of men into Wales to pursue the capteine of the Welsh rebell Owen Glendouer but in effect he lost his labor for Owen conueied himselfe out of the waie into his knowen lurking places and as was thought through art magike he caused such foule weather of winds tempest raine snow and haile to be raised for the annoiance of the kings armie that the like had not beene heard of in such sort that the king was constreined to returne home hauing caused his people yet to spoile and burne first a great part of the countrie The same time the lord Edmund of Langlie duke of Yorke departed this life and was buried at Langlie with his brethren The Scots vnder the leding of Patrike Hepborne of the Hales the yoonger entring into England were ouerthrowen at Nesbit in the marches as in the Scotish chronicle ye may find more at large This battell was fought the two and twentith of Iune in this yeare of our Lord 1402. Archembald earle Dowglas sore displeased in his mind for this ouerthrow procured a commission to inuade England and that to his cost as ye may likewise read in the Scotish histories For at a place called Homildon they were so fiercelie assailed by the Englishmen vnder the leading of the lord Persie surnamed Henrie Hotspur and George earle of March that with violence of the English shot they were quite vanquished and put to flight on the Rood daie in haruest with a great slaughter made by the Englishmen We know that the Scotish writers note this battell to haue chanced in the yeare 1403. But we following Tho. Walsingham in this place and other English writers for the accompt of times haue thought good to place it in this yeare 1402 as in the same writers we find it There were slaine of men of estimation sir Iohn Swinton sir Adam Gordon sir Iohn Leuiston sir Alexander Ramsie of Dalehousie and three and twentie knights besides ten thousand of the commons and of prisoners among other were these Mordacke earle of Fife son to the gouernour Archembald earle Dowglas which in the fight lost one of his eies Thomas erle of Murrey Robert earle of Angus and as some writers haue the earles of Atholl Menteith with fiue hundred other of meaner degrées After this the lord Persie hauing bestowed the prisoners in suer kéeping entered Tiuidale wasting and destroieng the whole countrie and then besieged the castell of Cocklawes whereof was capteine one sir Iohn Grenlow who compounded with the Englishmen that if the castell were not succoured within three moneths then he would deliuer it into their hands The first two moneths passed and no likelihood of rescue appeared but yer the third moneth was expired the Englishmen being sent for to go with the king into Wales raised their siege and departed leauing the noble men prisoners with the earle of Northumberland and with his sonne the lord Persie to keepe them to the kings vse In this meane while such as misliked with the doctrine and ceremonies then vsed in the church ceassed not to vtter their consciences though in secret to those in whome they had affiance But as in the like cases it commonlie hapneth they were bewraied by some that were thought chieflie to fauour their cause as by sir Lewes Clifford line 10 knight who hauing leaned to the doctrine a long time did now as Thomas Walsingham writeth disclose all that he knew vnto the archbishop of Canturburie to shew himselfe as it were to haue erred rather of simplenesse and ignorance than of frowardnesse or stubborne malice The names of such as taught the articles and conclusions mainteined by those which then they called Lollards or heretikes the said sir Lewes Clifford gaue in writing to the said archbishop Edmund Mortimer earle of March prisoner line 20 with Owen Glendouer whether for irkesomnesse of cruell captiuitie or feare of death or for what other cause it is vncerteine agréed to take part with Owen against the king of England and tooke to wife the daughter of the said Owen Strange wonders happened as men reported at the natiuitie of this man for the same night he was borne all his fathers horsses in the stable were found to stand in bloud vp to the bellies The morow after line 30 the feast of saint Michaell a parlement began at Westminster which continued the space of seauen weekes in the same was a tenth and a halfe granted by the cleargie and a fiftéenth by the communaltie Moreouer the commons in this parlement besought the king to haue the person of George earle of March a Scotishman recommended to his maiestie for that the same earle shewed himselfe faithfull to the king his realme ¶ There was also a statute made that the friers beggers should not receiue any into line 40 their order year 1403 vnder the age of fourteene yeares In this fourth yeare of king Henries reigne ambassadors were sent ouer into Britaine to bring from thence the duches of Britaine the ladie Iane de Nauarre the widow of Iohn de Montford late duke of Britaine surnamed the conqueror with whom by procurators the king had contracted matrimonie In the beginning of Februarie those that were sent returned with hir in safetie but not without tasting the bitter stormes of the wind and weather that tossed line 50 them sore to and fro before they could get to land The king met hir at Winchester where the seuenth of Februarie the marriage was solemnized betwixt them Whilest these things were thus in dooing in England Ualeran earle of saint Paule bearing still a deadlie and malicious hatred toward king Henrie hauing assembled sixtéene or seuentéene hundred men of warre imbarked them at Harflew and taking the sea landed in the I le of Wight in the which line 60 he burned two villages and foure simple cotages and for a triumph of so noble an act made foure knights But when he heard that the people of the I le were assembled and approched to fight with him he hasted to his ships and returned home wherewith the noble men of his companie were displeased considering his prouision to be great and his gaine small In the same verie season Iohn earle of Cleremont sonne to the duke of Bourbon wan in Gascoigne out of the Englishmens possession the castels of saint Peter saint Marie and the New castell and the lord de la Bret wan the castell of Carlassin which was no small losse to the English nation Henrie earle of Northumberland with his brother Thomas earle
Canturburie denounced an heretike remitted againe line 50 to the Tower of London from which place either by helpe of fréends or fauour of kéepers he priuilie escaped and came into Wales where he remained for a season After this the king kéeping his Christmasse at his manor of Eltham was aduertised that sir Roger Acâ—on knight year 1414 a man of great wit and possessions Iohn Browne esquier Iohn Beuerlie priest and a great number of other were assembled in armour against the king his brethren the clergie and realme line 60 These newes came to the king on the twelfth daie in Christmasse wherevpon vnderstanding that they were in a place called Fiâ—ket field beside London on the backe side of saint Giles he streight got him to his palace at Westminster in as secret wise as he might and there calling to him certeine bands of armed men he repaired into saint Giles fields néere to the said place where he vnderstood they should fullie méet about midnight and so handled the matter that he tooke some and siue some euen as stood with his pleasure The capteins of them afore mentioned being apprehended were brought to the kings presence and to him declared the causes of their commotion rising accusing a great number of their complices The king vsed one policie which much serued to the discomfiting of the aduersaries as Thom. Walsingham saith which was this he gaue order that all the gates of London should be streictlie kept and garded so as none should come in or out but such as were knowen to go to the king Hereby came it to passe that the chiefest succour appointed to come to the capteins of the rebels was by that meanes cut off where otherwise suerlie had it not beene thus preuented and staied there had issued foorth of London to haue ioined with them to the number as it was thought of fiftie thousand persons one and other seruants prentises and citizens confederate with them that were thus assembled in Ficket field Diuerse also that came from sundrie parts of the realme hasting towards the place to be there at their appointed time chanced to light among the kings men who being taken and demanded whither they went with such spéed answered they came to meet with their capteine the lord Cobham But whether he came thither at all or made shift for himselfe to get awaie it dooth not appeare for he could not be heard of at that time as Thomas Walsingham confesseth although the king by proclamation promised a thousand marks to him that could bring him foorth with great liberties to the cities or townes that would discouer where he was By this it maie appeare how greatlie he was beloued that there could not one be found that for so great a reward would bring him to light Among other that were taken was one William Murlie who dwelt in Dunstable a man of great wealth and by his occupation a brewer an earnest mainteiner of the lord Cobhams opinions and as the brute ran in hope to be highlie aduanced by him if their purposed deuise had taken place apparant by this that he had two horsses trapped with guilt harnesse led after him and in his bosome a paire of gilt spurs as it was déemed prepared for himselfe to weare looking to be made knight by the lord Cobhams hands at that present time But when he saw how their purpose quailed he withdrew into the citie with great feare to hide himselfe howbeit he was perceiued taken and finallie executed among others To conclude so manie persons herevpon were apprehended that all the prisons in and about London were full the chiefe of them were condemned by the cleargie of heresie and atteinted of high treason in the Guildhall of London and adiudged for that offense to be drawen and hanged and for heresie to be consumed with fire gallowes and all which iudgement wis executed the same moneth on the said sir Roger Acton and eight and twentie others ¶ Some saie that the occasion of their death was onelie for the conueieng of the lord Cobham out of prison Others write that it was both for treason and heresie and so it appeareth by the record Certeine affirme that it was for feined causes surmized by the spiritualtie more vpon displeasure than truth and that they were assembled to heare their preacher the foresaid Beuerlie in that place there out of the waie from resort of people sith they might not come togither openlie about any such matter without danger to be apprehended as the manner is and hath beene euer of the persecuted flocke when they are prohibited publikelie the exercise of their religion But howsoeuer the matter went with these men apprehended they were and diuerse of them executed as before ye haue heard whether for rebellion or heresie or for both as the forme of the indictment importeth I néed not to spend manie words sith others haue so largelie treated thereof and therefore I refer those that wish to be more fullie satisfied herein vnto their reports Whilest in the Lent season the king laie at Killingworth there came to him from Charles Dolphin of France certeine ambassadors that brought with them a barrell of Paris balles which from their maister they presented to him for a token that was taken in verie ill part as sent in scorne to signifie that it was more méet for the king to passe the time with such childish exercise than to attempt any worthie exploit Wherfore the K. wrote to him that yer ought long he would tosse him some London balles line 10 that perchance should shake the walles of the best court in France ¶ This yeare Thom. Arundell archbishop of Canturburie departed this life a stout prelat and an earnest mainteiner of the Romish religion Henrie Chichelie bishop of saint Dauid succeeded the same Arundell in the sée of Canturburie and the kings confessor Stephan Patrington a Carmelite frier was made bishop of S. Dauid Henrie Persie then but a child sonne to the lord Henrie Persie surnamed Hotspur after his fathers deceasse line 20 that was slaine at Shrewesburie field was conueied into Scotland and there left by his grandfather where euer since he had remained the king therefore pitied his case and so procured for him that he came home and was restored to all his lands and earledome of Northumberland which lands before had béene giuen to the lord Iohn the kings brother A case verie strange and for manie causes alwaies right worthie of remembrance in this yeare 1414 the second of this kings reigne did befall which conteining line 30 in it so manie matters for knowledge of Gods great power and iustice of wilfull breaking his diuine lawes of the easie slip into ruine where his mercie dooth not sâ—aie vs the busie bogging of the diuell alwaies our weakenesse in combat with him into what outrage and confusion he haleth where he is not withstood with what tyrannie
the flix and other feuers which sore vexed and brought to death aboue fifteene hundred persons of the armie and this was the cause that his returne was the sooner appointed and concluded But before his departing thence he entred into the towne of Harflue went to the church of saint Martines and there offered All the men of warre which had not paid their ransoms he sware them on the holie euangelists to yeeld themselues prisoners at Calis by the feast of saint Martine in Nouember next There were two strong towers standing on the hauen side at Harflue which looking for aid did not yéeld till ten daies after the towne was rendered When the king had repared the walles bulwarks and rampiers about the towne and furnished it with vittels and artillerie he remooued from Harflue toward Ponthoise intending to passe the riuer of Some with his armie before the bridges were either withdrawen or broken Such vittels and other necessaries as were to be caried wich the armie he appointed to be laid on horsses leauing the carts and wagons behind for lesse incombre The French king hearing that the towne of Harflue was gotten and that the king of England was marching forward into the bowels of the realme of France sent out proclamations and assembled people on euerie side committing the whole charge of his armie to his sonne the Dolphine and duke of Aquitaine who incontinentlie caused the bridges to be broken and the passages to be kept Also they caused all the corne and vittels to be conueied awaie or line 10 destroied in all places where it was coniectured that the Englishmen would passe The king of England nothing dismaied herewith kept his iournie in spite of his enimies constreining them within diuerse townes and holds to furnish him with vittels but yet as he passed by the towne of Ew the garrison of the towne issued foorth and gaue the Englishmen a skirmish who beat them into the towne with losse namelie of a right valiant man of armes named Lancelot Piers. There were manie Englishmen line 20 hurt with quarels shot off from the loops and wals as they pursued the enimies vnto the gates At length the king approched the riuer of Some finding all the bridges broken he came to the passage of Blanchetake where his great grandfather king Edward the third a little before had striken the battell of Cressie but the passage was now so impeached with stakes in the botome of the foord that he could not passe his enimies besides there awaie so swarming line 30 on all sides He therefore marched forwards to Arames marching with his armie and passing with his carriage in so martiall a maner that he appeared so terrible to his enimies as they durst not offer him battell And yet the lord Dalbreth constable of France the marshall Boncequault the earle of Uendosme great master of France the duke of Alanson and the earle of Richmont with all the puissance of the Dolphin laie at Abuile but euer kept the passages and coasted aloofe like a hauke though eager line 40 yet not hardie on hir preie The king of England kept on his iournie till he came to the bridge of saint Marence where he found aboue thirtie thousand Frenchmen and there pitched his field looking suerlie to be fought withall Wherefore to incourage his capteins the more he dubbed certeine of his hardie and valiant gentlemen knights as Iohn lord Ferrers of Grobie Reginald of Greistocke Piers Tempest Christopher Morisbie Thomas Pikering William Huddleston line 50 Iohn Hosbalton Henrie Mortimer Philip Hall and William his brother Iaques de Ormond and diuerse other but the French making no semblance to fight he departed in good order of battell by the towne of Amiens to another towne néere to a castell called Bowes and there laie two daies looking for their bidding of battell euerie houre From thence he came néere to Corbie where he was staied that night for that the common people and pezants mightilie there assembled hauing gotten them some line 60 head and hartening by meanes of their number that was great and by trust of a strength then ioined vnto them made of men at armes manie too tall and well appointed for fight all of the garrison of Corbie a strong towne well walled and warded Herevpon at a streict which they had preoccupied they stoutlie from our armie not onelie kept the passage but also vpon vs gaue a proud onset wherein sir Hugh Stafford knight lord Bourghchier chéefteine of a wing to the king vnder his standard of Guien and as then neerest to the enimie though far inferior in number yet with readie and valiant incounter receiued them The force and slaughter grew great both on the one side and the other by the French in especiall at first right fiercelie pursued in so much as with an hardie charge vpon our men they had both beat downe the standard and also from vs quite woone it awaie to their hie incouragement and our incredible despite and dismaie Whereat one Iohn Bromley of Bromley in Staffordshire esquier a neere kinsman vnto the lord Bourghchier was euen streight so pearsed at hart as he could not conteine him but by and by ran eagerlie vpon the French and with his souldiers in whom wrath and teene had alreadie inflamed furie and desire of reuenge did so fiercelie set vpon them that they were not onlie beaten backe but also forced to abandon the place At this push the capteine cutting through the thickest strake downe the champion that bare the standard and so gloriouslie recouered it againe and after during the fight where as manie of the French lost their liues couragiouslie ouer his souldiers auanced it himselfe The rest that fled awaie our people pursued in chasing slaughter vnto Corbie verie gates So in victorie honor and great ioy with our small losse in comparison thanks vnto Gods maiestie the cheefteine brought his host into his campe and order againe The singular prowes of this worthie capteine the noble man highlie regarding in an ample testimonie thereof and vpon his owne honorable consideration year 1585 by a faire ancient déed yet extant at these daies did giue him reward of fortie pounds annuitie for his life The monument so plainelie declaring the truth of the matter with the maner and dignitie of the feat as it was doone hath béene thought verie meet for the storie in hand here now to place it as followeth A copie of the said deed HOc praesens scriptum testatur quòd nos Hugo de Stafford dominus le Bourghchier concessimus per praesentes confirmauimus praedilecto consanguineo nostro Iohanni Bromley de Bromley armigero pro suo magno auxilio nobis impenso in oppugnatione contra Francos prope le Corbie praecipuè pro suo laudabili seruitio in recuperatione supportatione vexilli domini regis de Guien sub nostra conductione vnam annuitatem
word of surrendring the towne line 20 or of comming to anie composition or agréement with the two kings except they made him being their capteine priuie thereto before they attempted anie such thing ¶ In the meane season the French queene the queene of England and the duches of Burgognie lieng at Corbeill came diuerse times to visit their husbands and to sée their fréends whome the king of England highlie feasted and louinglie interteined that euerie creature reported great honour of him This towne of Melun séemed verie line 30 strong both by reason of the riuer of Seine which compassed part thereof and also by strong walles turrets ditches and bulworks made about it The king therefore to take awaie all the issues and entries from them within made a bridge ouer the riuer able to beare horsses and carriage and againe appointed diuerse botes furnished with men of warre to kéepe the streame so that they within should haue no waie to come abroad either by water or land yet on a daie the Frenchmen sailed foorth line 40 and assailed the English lodgings where the earle of Warwike was incamped on the east side of the towne not farre from the duke of Burgognie but by the valiant prowesse and manlie courage of the Englishmen the enimies were easilie beaten backe and constreined to retire into the towne againe with their losse Héere is to be remembred that during this siege before Melun there came to the king the duke of Bauiere the kings brother in law but the kings sister that had beene married to him was line 50 not then liuing and brought with him seauen hundred well appointed horssemen which were reteined to serue the king and right worthilie they bare themselues and therefore most liberallie recompensed at the kings hand for the time they continued in his seruice The king inforced this siege by all waies and meanes possible to bring the towne into subiection as well by mines as otherwise but they within the line 60 towne so valiantlie behaued themselues as well by countermines whereby at length they entered into the kings mines as by other waies of resistance that by force of assaults it was not thought anie easie matter to win the same It fortuned on a daie that whilest there rose a contention betwixt two lords of the kings host who should haue the honor to go first into the mine to incounter with the Frenchmen that now had brought their mine through into the English mines and made barriers betwixt that they might safelie come and fight with the Englishmen the king to auoid the strife entered the mine himselfe first of all other and by chance came to fight hand to hand with the lord Barbason who was likewise entered the mine before all other of them within the towne After they had fought a good season togither at length they agreed to discouer either to other their names so as the lord Barbason first declaring what he was the king likewise told him that he was the king of England Wherevpon Barbason perceiuing with whome he had fought caused the barriers foorthwith to be closed and withdrew into the citie and the king returned backe to his campe At length vittels within the towne began to faile and the pestilence began to wax hot so that the lord Barbason began to treat and in conclusion about the middest of Nouember as Fabian saith the towne was yeelded vpon certeine conditions where of one was that all that were consenting to the death of the duke of Burgognie should be deliuered to the king of England of whome the lord Barbason was suspected to be one The king sent them vnder the conduct of his brother the duke of Clarence to the citie of Paris whereof the French king made him capteine and so at his comming thither he tooke possession of the Bastill of S. Anthonie the Loure the house of Néelle and the place of Bois de Uincennes Monsieur de Barbason was accused by the duke of Burgognie and his sisters as guiltie to their fathers death but he in open court defended himselfe as not guiltie of that crime granting indeed and confessing that he was one of the familiar seruants to the Dolphin but that he was priuie or consenting to the death of the duke of Burgognie he vtterlie denied Wherevpon he was not condemned neither yet acquited by reason of such presumptions and coniectures as were alledged and brought against him so that he remained in prison at Paris and else-where the space of nine yeares till at length being brought vnto castell Galliard it chanced that the same castell was woone by those of the Dolphins part and he being as then prisoner there escaped out of danger and so by that means was set at libertie as after shall appeare Some write that he had béene put to death if he had not appealed from king Henries sentence vnto the iudgement of the officers at armes alledging that by the lawe of armes no man hauing his brother in armes within his danger afterwards ought to put him to death for any cause or quarell And that he was the kings brother in armes he prooued it for that he had fought with him hand to hand within the mines as before yee haue heard which combat was thought of equall force by the heralds as if he had fought with the king bodie to bodie within solemne lists The credit of this matter we leaue to the consideration of the readers The earle of Huntington was made capteine of Melum In defense of this towne and castell the French had gotten vnto them manie Scots At the siege héere the king kept with him yoong Iames of Scotland who sent to those Scots that they should come out and yéeld them vnto him and not to stand in armes against their liege lord and king but they gaue word backe againe they could not take him for king that was in the power of another and so kept them in hold and in their armor still King Henrie vpon winning of these forts for their rebellion against their prince which they would haue to be counted constancie and for their contemptuous answer vnto him twentie of the proudest in example of the rest caused he there to be hanged at once From thence the king departed with his armie vnto Corbeill where the French king and the two queenes then soiourned and after both the kings accompanied with the dukes of Bedford Burgognie Glocester and Excester and the earls of Warwike and Salisburie with a great number of noble men and knights set foorth towards Paris whome the citizens in good order met without the gates and the cleargie also with solemne procession All the streets were hanged with rich clothes the two kings rode togither the king of England giuing the vpper hand to his father in lawe through the great citie of Paris to our ladie church where after they had said their deuotions they departed vnto their
aduantage 4 Item it is not vnknowen to you doubted lord how thorough your lands it is noised that the said cardinall and the archbishop of Yorke had and haue the gouernance of you and all your land the which none of your true liege men ought to vsurpe nor take vpon them And haue also estranged me your sole vncle my coosine of Yorke my coosine of Huntington and manie other lords of your kin to haue anie knowledge of anie great matter that might touch your high estate or either of your realmes And of lords spirituall of right the archbishop of Canturburie should be your chéefe councellor the which is also estranged and set aside And so be manie other right sad lords and well aduised as well spirituall as temporall to the great hurt of you my right doubted lord and of your realmes like as the experience and workes shewen cléerelie and euidentlie more harme it is 5 Item in the tender age of you my right doubted lord for the necessitie of an armie the said cardinall lent you foure thousand pounds vpon certeine iewels prised at two and twentie thousand markes with a letter of sale that and they were not quited at a certeine daie you should léese them The said cardinall séeing your monie readie to haue quited your iewels caused your treasuror of England at that daie being to paie the same monie in part of an other armie in defrauding you my right doubted lord of your said iewels kéeping them yet alwaie to his owne vse to your right great losse and his singular profit and auaile 6 Item the said cardinall then being bishop of Winchester and chancellour of England deliuered the king of Scots vpon certeine appointments as maie be shewed presumptuouslie and of his owne authoritie contrarie to the act of parlement I haue heard notable men of law say that they neuer heard the like thing doone among them which was too great a defamation to your highnesse and also to wed his neece to the said king whom that my lord of notable memorie your father whome God assoile would neuer haue so deliuered And there as he should haue paid for his costs fortie thousand pounds the said cardinall chancellour of England caused you to pardon him thereof ten thousand marks whereof the greater summe he paied you right a little what I report me to your highnesse 7 Item where the said cardinall lent you my redoubted lord great and notable summes he hath had and his assignes the rule and profit of the port of line 10 Hampton where the customers béene his seruants where by likelihood and as it is to be supposed standing the chéefe merchant of the wools of your land that you be greatlie defrauded and vnder that rule what wools and other merchandizes haue béene shipped and maie be from time to time hard is to estéeme to the great hurt and preiudice of you my right doubted lord and of all your people 8 Item howbeit that the said cardinall hath diuerse times lent you great summes of monie since the time of your reigne yet his loane hath béene so line 20 deferred and delaied that for the most part the conuenable season of the imploieng of the good lent was passed So that litle fruit or none came thereof as by experience both your realmes haue sufficientlie in knowledge 9 Item where there was iewels and plate prised at eleuen thousand pounds in weight of the said cardinall forfeited to you my right redoubted lord he gat him a restorement thereof for a loane of a little parcell of the same and so defrauded you wholie line 30 of them to your great hurt and his auaile the which good might greatlie haue eased your highnesse in sparing as much of the poore commons 10 Item the cardinall being feoff of my said lord your father whome God assoile against his intent gaue Elizabeth Beauchampe three hundred markes liuelihood where that his will was that and she were wedded within a yeare then to haue it or else not where in déed it was two or thrée years line 40 after to your great hurt and diminishing of your inheritance 11 Item notwithstanding that the said cardinall hath no maner of authoritie nor interest in the crowne nor none maie haue by anie possibilitie yet he presumeth and taketh vpon him in partie your estate roiall in calling before him into great abusion of all your land and derogation of your highnesse which hath not beene seene nor vsed in no daies heretofore in greater estate than he is without line 50 your expresse ordinance and commandement 12 Item the said cardinall nothing considering the necessitie of you my right doubted lord hath sued a pardon of dismes that he should paie for the church of Winchester for terme of his life giuing thereby occasion to all other lords spirituall to draw their good will for anie necessitie to grant anie disme and so to laie all the charge vpon the temporaltie and the poore people 13 Item by the gouernance and labour of the line 60 said cardinall and archbishop of Yorke there hath béene lost and dispended much notable and great good by diuerse ambassadors sent out of this realme First to Arras for a feigned colourable peace whereas by likelinesse it was thought and supposed that it should neuer turne to the effectuall auaile of you my right doubted lord nor to your said realmes but vnder colour thereof was made the peace of your aduersarie and the duke of Burgognie For else your partie aduerse the said duke might not well haue found meanes nor waies to haue communed togither nor to haue concluded with other their confederations and conspirations made and wrought there then at that time against your highnesse whereby you might haue right doubted lord the greater partie of your obeisance as well in your realme of France as in your duchie of Normandie and much other thing gone greatlie as through the said colourable treatie otherwise since the death of my brother of Bedford whome God assoile 14 Item now of late was sent an other ambassadour to Calis by the labour and counsell of the said cardinall and archbishop of Yorke the cause why of the beginning is to me your sole vncle and other lords of your kin and councell vnknowen to your great charge and against the publike good of your realm◠as it openlie appeareth The which good if it be imploied for the defense of your lands the merchandizes of the same might haue had other course and your said lands not to haue stand in so great mischéefe as they doo 15 Item after that to your great charge and hurt of both your realmes the said cardinall archbishop of Yorke went to your said towne of Calis and diuerse lords of your kin and of your councell in their fellowship and there as there was naturall warre betwéene the duke of Orleance and the duke of Burgognie for murther of their fathers a capitall enimitie like to haue indured for euer the said
should haue fled abode the earles comming and so receiued him who though he first with manfull courage and sore fighting wan the entrie of their campe yet at length they compassed him about and shooting him through the thigh with an handgun slue his horsse and finallie killed him lieng on the ground whome they durst neuer looke in the face while he stood on his féet It was said that after he perceiued there was no remedie but present losse of the battell he counselled his sonne the lord Lisle to saue himselfe by flight sith the same could not redound to anie great reproch in him this being the first iournie in which he had béene present Manie words he vsed to persuade him to haue saued his life but nature so wrought in the son that neither desire of life nor feare of death could either cause him to shrinke or conueie himselfe out of the danger and so there manfullie ended his life with his said father There died also the earles bastard sonne Henrie Talbot and sir Edward Hull elect to the order of the garter and thirtie other men of name and right valiant personages of the English nation The lord Molins was taken prisoner with thréescore others The residue of the English people fled to Burdeaux and other places of whome in the flight were slaine aboue a thousand persons Thus at this battell of Chatillon fought the thirteenth daie of Iulie in this yeare ended his life Iohn lord Talbot and of his progenie the first earle of Shrewesburie after that he with much fame and most victorie had valiantlie made warre and serued his prince and countrie by the space of foure and twentie yeares in the parties of beyond the seas line 10 whose corps was left on ground and after was found by his fréends and conueied to Whitchurch in Shropshire where it was interred After this discomfiture diuerse lords fled to Burdeaux but the earle of Candall the lords of Montferrant of Rosaine of Dangladas entered into the castell of Chatillon which by the space of ten daies they defended but in the end despairing of all succours they rendred the fortresse and came safe to Burdeaux After this the townes of saint Million Liborne line 20 and all other which the erle of Shrewesburie had conquered rendred themselues to the Frenchmen Burdeaux onelie excepted Which citie being the last reâ—uge of the English people the French king in person besieged with all his puissance and in conclusion constreined both the garrisons and inhabitants to yéeld so that the Englishmen Gascoignes might safelie depart into England or into Calis with all their substance and that the lords de Lesparre Duras and thirtie others should neuer vpon paine of line 30 death be found within anie of the French kings dominions which lord de Lesparre being after taken in Gascoigne disguised was made shorter by the head When this composition was agréed and sealed the Englishmen were shortlie transported ouer into England in the moneth of October this present yeare Thus was the duchie of Aquitaine which had continued in the English possession from the yeare of our Lord 1155 vnto this present yeare which is neere line 40 hand thrée hundred yeares by the mariage of Elenor daughter and heire to William duke of Aquitaine wife to king Henrie the second finallie reduced and brought againe to the French obedience and seruitude Within that onlie duchie be foure archbishops foure and twentie bishops fifteene earledomes two hundred and two baronies and aboue a thousand capteinships and baliffewikes whereby ye may consider what a losse this was to the realme of England On the thirteenth daie of October this yeare was the line 50 quéene deliuered at Westminster of a faire sonne who was christened and named Edward His mother susteined not a little slander and obloquie of the common people who had an opinion that the king was not able to get a child and therefore sticked not to saie that this was not his sonne with manie slanderous words greatlie sounding to the queenes dishonour much part perchance vntrulie After the birth of this child he highlie aduanced his line 60 brethren on his mothers side for Edmund he made earle of Richmond which was father to king Henrie the seuenth and Iasper he created erle of Penbroke which died without issue ¶ This yeare Iohn Stafford archbishop of Canturburie departed this life and Iohn Kempe archbishop of Yorke was remoued from that sée to succeed in place of the said Stafford being the thrée score and second archbishop there Iohn Booth bishop of Couentrie and Lichfield was translated to Yorke being the one and fiftith archbishop of that church ¶ On Bartholomew daie at the wrestling neere vnto Clerkenwell a gentleman belonging to the prior of saint Iohns made a rumor or tumult for the which by the commandement of the maior he was arested by Richard Allie one of the shiriffes and deliuered to Paris a sergeant But such resistance was made by parts taking that the shiriffe was faine to craue helpe of the maior who with his brethren the aldermen arose from the game and strengthened the shiriffes And for the rescue of the said gentleman one named Caâ—is came out of saint Iohns with a great strength of archers to resist the maior in the which fraie a yeoman of saint Iohns was slaine and manie other sore hurt The maior himselfe escaped hardlie for his cap was smitten from his head with an arrow but the maior with his citizens put the other to flight sent the principall of them to Newgate and then tooke his place againe till the games were ended by which time the citizens had gathered themselues in great number and fetched him home neuer maior so stronglie nor so honorablie * This yeare was Thomas Bourchier bishop of Elie sonne to the countesse of Stafford and brother to Henrie Bourchier earle of Essex remooued to the see of Canturburie who in the yeare after the word became flesh and appeared in humane shape 1443 first obteined the sée of Elie although once before he was by the king put backe from thence after his election of the couent therevnto and confirmation of the pope being translated from Worcester to the said sée of Elie the twelfth daie of March in the said yeare 1443. This man after that he had remained at Elie ten yeares thrée and twentie wéekes and fiue daies was as is before said in this yeare 1454 remooued to Canturburie by Nicholas the fift then bishop of Rome After this he was made chancellor which office he obteined the seauenth of March in the yeare 1455 being the thrée and thirtith yeare of king Henrie the sixts reigne Lastlie he was aduanced to the dignitie of cardinall by pope Paule the second in the yeare of our Lord 1465 of whome is made a more liberall discourse in a tretise of the liues of the chancellors of England a place of no small authoritie
to apprehend him if by anie means he might The lord Audelie according to his commission assembled aboue ten thousand men of Chesshire and Salopshire and knowing by his espials which waie the earle kept approached néere to line 50 him vpon a faire plaine called Bloreheath within a mile of a towne called Draiton in Shropshire The earle perceiuing in what ieopardie he stood determined to abide the aduenture with fame and honour rather than to flie with shame and reproach and so incamped himselfe all the night on the side of a little brooke not verie brode but somewhat deepe In the morning earlie being the daie of saint Tecle he caused his souldiers to shoot their flights towards line 60 the lord Audelies companie which laie on the other side of the said water and then he and all his people made a signe of retreit The lord Audelie supposing his aduersaries had fled in déed caused his trumpets quicklie to blow vp and setting foorth his voward speedilie passed the water The earle of Salisburie which knew the sleights of warlike policie suddenlie returned and set vpon the lord Audelie and his cheefe capteins yer the residue of his armie could passe the water The fight was sore and dreadfull The earle desiring the sauing of his life and his aduersaries coueting his destruction fought sore for the obteining of their purpose but in conclusion the earles armie as men not looking for other succours nor meane to escape but by their owne manhood so egerlie assaulted their foes that they slue the lord Audelie and all his capteins and discomfited all the remnant of his people In this battell were slaine foure and twentie hundred persons but the greatest losse fell vpon the Chesshire men bicause one halfe of the shire was on the one part and the other halfe on the other of which number were sir Thomas Dutton sir Iohn Doune and sir Hugh Uenables sir Richard Molineur sir William Trowtbecke sir Iohn Legh of the Both and sir Iohn Egerton knights Iohn Done and Iohn Dutton esquiers But the earles two sonnes the one called sir Iohn Neuill and the other sir Thomas Neuill were sore wounded the which soberlie iornieng into the north countrie were apprehended by the quéenes fréends and togither with sir Thomas Harington that was likewise taken were conueied to Chester but their kéepers deliuered them shortlie after or else had the Marchmen destroied the goales Such fauour bare the commons of Wales to the duke of Yorks band that they could not suffer anie wrong to be offered or euill word to be spoken against him or his freends After this battell at Bloreheath the said duke of Yorke perceiuing the destruction of him and his fréends was intended and that his deuises were alreadie disclosed to the king and the queene he thought now no longer to linger his businesse but with all diligence to set forward the same And therfore sending for his cheefe freend the earle of Salisburie after long conference of their weightie affaires they determined to raise an armie and by fine force either to win their purpose or end their liues in the same Héerevpon were men foorthwith assembled freends sent for and a puissant armie gathered both of Northerne and Welshmen who in good order came into the marches of Wales adioining to Shropshire determining there to abide their enimies or to méet them if occasion serued There came to him from Calis the earle of Warwike bringing with him from that towne a great number of expert men in martiall feates whereof two were capteins knowne for men of great experience and approoued policie as they had well declared the same in the warres of Normandie and Guien the one called Andrew Trollop and the other Iohn Blunt The king hauing aduertisement of the dukes dooings sent foorth commissioners to leuie a power in all parts of the realme where he thought to haue any faithfull fréends of fauourers by reason whereof a great number of men of warre was assembled Manie for the loue they bare to the king resorted to his side but more for feare of the quéenes displesure whose frowning countenance was their vndooing and hir indignation their death To be bréefe the king accompanied with the dukes of Summerset and Excester and other of the line of Lancaster determined either by force or by policie to bring the duke of Yorke to confusion and therevpon marching forward they came vnto Worcester where as well to refresh his people as to take further aduise what was best to be doone he staied for a time And at length it was determined that the K. should first send vnto the aduersaries a messenger of good account as the bishop of Salisburie Richard Beauchampe to offer vnto them a cleere and free generall pardon of all trespasses offenses and transgressions whatsoeuer if they would giue ouer their enterprise and become true and obedient subiects When the bishop was come vnto them and had declared his message they first withdrew themselues apart and fell togither in councell and after they gaue answer by the mouth of the erle of Warwike which consisted in thrée points First that as concerning the pardon they durst not trust vnto it considering they had diuerse pardons before and the same confirmed by parlement and yet nothing auaileable to their assurance Secondlie that notwithstanding such pardons those that were about the king were presumptuous and vnrulie that they cared not at all to breake the kings commandements nor were any thing abashed to be noted for the breach thereof Thirdlie although by law of the land and right of the statute euerie lord by vertue of the kings writ line 10 being called to the parlement ought safelie to come safelie there to remaine and safelie to depart and returne home this notwithstanding the said earle of Warwike himselfe at a certeine councell holden at Westminster by vertue of the kings writ of priuie seale being there in person labouring to his knowledge to giue good aduise and counsell for the profit of the common-wealth was yet in danger of death if the Lord aboue had not the better prouided for his escape line 20 more than anie humane power or force of the kings pardon For the which cause quoth he sith the kings pardon maie be likened in these daies to a buckler of glasse or to a staffe of réed in which is no trust we dare not commit our selues vnto the defense of anie such pardons But if anie other waie might be deuised for their suerties where vnto they might safelie trust he said they were readie to come to his grace and to sue for his fauour The king receiuing such answer in these words line 30 or other to the like effect was nothing contented therewith and so commanded his standards eftsoones to aduance But yet before he came neere to the place where they were incamped the said lords wrote to him a letter in their owne excuse
determined to send some personage of more estimation than hir chapleine Herevpon she elected for a messenger Hugh Conweie esquier sent him into Britaine with a great sum of monie to hir sonne giuing him in charge to declare to the earle the great loue and especiall fauor that the most part of the nobilitie of the realme bare toward him the louing hearts beneuolent minds which the whole communaltie of their owne free will frankelie offered and liberallie exhibited to him willing and aduising him not to neglect so good an occasion apparantlie offered but with all speed and diligence to addict and settle his mind full intention how to returne home againe into England where he was both wished and looked for giuing him further monition and counsell to take land and arriuall in the principalitie of Wales where hée should not doubt to find both aid comfort and friends Richard Gilford least Hugh Conweie might fortune to be taken or stopped at Plimmouth where he intended to take his nauigation sent out of Kent Thomas Rame with the same instructions and both made such diligence and had such wind and weather the one by land from Calis and the other by water from Plimmouth that within lesse than an houre both ariued in the duke of Britains court and spake with the earle of Richmond which from the death of king Edward went at pleasure and libertie and to him counted and manifested the cause and effect of their message and ambassage When the earle had receiued this message which was the more pleasant bicause it was vnlooked for he rendered to Iesu his sauiour his most humble heartie thanks being in firme credence and beléefe that such things as hée with busie mind and laborious intent had wished desired could neuer haue taken anie effect without the helpe and preferment of almightie God And now being put in comfort of his long longing he did communicate breake to the duke of Britaine all his secrets and priuie messages which were to him declared aduertising him that he was entered into a sure and stedfast hope to obteine and get the crowne and kingdome of the realme of England desiring him both of his good will and friendlie helpe toward the atchiuing of his offered enterprise promising him when he came to his intended purpose to render to him againe equall kindnes and condigne recompense Although the duke of Britaine before that daie by Thomas Hutton ambassadour from king Richard had both by monie and praiers beene solicited and mooued to put againe into safe custodie the earle of Richmond he neuerthelesse promised faithfullie to aid him and his promise hée trulie performed Wherevpon the earle with all diligence sent into England againe Hugh Conweie and Thomas Rame which should declare his comming shortlie into England to the intent that all things which by counsell might be for his purpose prouided should be spéedilie and diligentlie doone and that all things doubtfull should of his friends be prudentlie foreséene in auoiding all engines or snares which king Richard had or might set in disturbance of his purpose and he in the meane season would make his abode still in Britaine till all things necessarie for his iournie were prepared and brought in a readinesse In the meane season the chiefteins of the coniuration in England began togither manie enterprises some in conuenient fortresses put strong garrisons some kept armed men priuilie to the intent that when they should haue knowledge of the earles landing they would begin to stir vp the war other did secretlie mooue and solicit the people to rise make an insurrection other amongst whom Iohn Morton bishop of Elie then being in Flanders was chiefe by priuie letters and cloked messengers did stirre and mooue to this new coniuration all such which they certeinlie knew to haue a rooted hatred or to beare cankered malice toward king Richard and his proceedings Although this great enterprise were neuer so priuilie handled and so secretlie amongst so circumspect persons treated compassed and conueied yet knowledge therof came to the eares of king Richard who with the sudden chance was not a little mooued and astonied First bicause he had no host readie prepared line 10 secondlie if he should raise an armie so suddenlie he knew not where to méet his enimies or whither to go or where to tarrie Wherefore he determined to dissemble the matter as though he knew nothing till he had assembled his host and in the meane season either by the rumour of the common people or by the diligence of his espials to search out all the counsels determinations intents and compasses of his close aduersaries or else by policie to intercept and take some person of the same coniuration line 20 considering that there is no more secret nor hid espiall than that which lurketh in dissimulation of knowledge and intelligence or is hidden in name and shadow of counterfeit humanitie and feined kindnesse But yet wisedome hath a deuise to auoid shift off all such deceiuers as the poet well saieth Dissimulatores vitat prudentia vafros And bicause he knew the duke of Buckingham to be the chiefe head and aid of the coniuration hée thought it most necessarie to plucke him from that part either by faire promises or open warre Wherevpon line 30 he addressed his louing letters to the duke full of gentle words most friendlie speach giuing further in charge to the messenger that caried the letter to promise the duke in his behalfe golden hilles and siluer riuers and with all gentle and pleasant means to persuade and exhort the duke to come to the court But the duke as wilie as the king mistrusting the faire flattering words and the gaie promises to him so suddenlie without any cause offered knowing the line 40 craftie casts of king Richards bow which in diuerse affaires before time he had séene practised required the king to pardon him excusing himselfe that he was so diseased in his stomach that scant he could either take refection or rest King Richard not being content with this excuse would in no wise admit the same but incontinent directed to the duke other letters of a more rougher and hautier sort not without tawnting and biting tearmes and checking words commanding him all excuses set apart to repaire without anie delaie to line 50 his roiall presence The duke made to the messeng a determinate answer that he would not come to his mortall enimie whome he neither loued nor fauoured and immediatlie prepared open warre against him and persuaded all his complices and partakers that euerie man in his quarter with all diligence should raise vp people make a commotion And by this means almost in one moment Thomas marques Dorset came out of sanctuarie where since line 60 the begining of K. Richards daies he had continued whose life by the onelie helpe of sir Thomas Louell was preserued from all danger perill
king Richard entered into a treatie also of aliance for the concluding of a marriage betwixt the duke of Rothsaie eldest sonne to the king of Scots and the ladie Anne de la Poole daughter to Iohn duke of Suffolke and the duchesse Anne sister to king Richard which sister he so much fauoured line 30 that studieng by all waies and meanes possible how to aduance hir linage he did not onelie thus seeke to preferre hir daughter in marriage but also after the death of his sonne he proclamed Iohn earle of Lincolne hir sonne and his nephue heire apparant to the crowne of England disheriting king Edwards daughters whose brethren as ye haue heard he most wickedlie had caused to be murthered and made awaie The king of Scots standing in néed of freends line 40 although not so greatlie as king Richard did willinglie consent to that motion of marriage first broched by king Richard insomuch that it tooke effect and by commissioners was passed and concluded in maner as in the historie of Scotland it likewise appeareth But albeit that by this league and amitie thus couenanted and concluded it might he thought that all conspiracies coniurations and confederacies against king Richard had béene extinct especiallie considering the duke of Buckingham and his alies line 50 were dispatched out of the waie some by death and some by flight and banishment into farre countries yet king Richard more doubting than trusting to his owne people and freends was continuallie vexed and troubled in mind for feare of the earle of Richmonds returne which dailie dread and hourelie agonie caused him to liue in dolefull miserie euer vnquiet and in maner in continuall calamitie Wherefore he intending to be reléeued and to haue an end of all his doubtfull dangers determined line 60 cléerelie to extirpate and plucke vp by the roots all the matter and ground of his feare and doubts Insomuch that after long and deliberate consultation had nothing was for his purpose and intent thought either more necessarie or expedient than once againe with price praier and rewards to attempt the duke of Britaine in whose territorie the earle of Richmond then abode to deliuer the said earle into his hands by which onelie meanes he should be discharged of all feare and perill and brought to rest and quietnesse both of bodie and mind Wherefore incontinent he sent certeine ambassadors to the duke of Britaine which tooke vpon them beside the great and ample rewards that they brought with them into Britaine that king Richard should yearelie paie and answer the duke of all the reuenues rents and profits of the seigniories lands and possessions as well belonging and apperteining to the erle of Richmond as to anie other noble or gentleman which then were in the earles companie if he after that time would kéepe them in continuall prison and restraine them from libertie The ambassadors furnished with these and other instructions arriued in Britaine and came to the dukes house where with him they could haue no maner of communication concerning their weightie affaires by reason that he being faint and weakened by a long and dailie infirmitie began a little to wax idle and weake in his wit and remembrance For which cause Peter Landoise his cheefe treasuror a man both of pregnant wit and great authoritie ruled and adiudged all things at his pleasure and commandement for which cause as men set in authoritie be not best beloued he excited prouoked against him the malice and euill will of the nobilitie of Britaine which afterward for diuerse great offenses by him during his authoritie perpetrate committed by their meanes was brought to death confusion The English ambassadors mooued their message and request to Peter Landoise and to him declared their maisters commandement instantlie requiring and humblie desiring him in whose power it laie to doo all things in Britaine that he would freendlie assent to the request of king Richard offering to him the same rewards and lands that they should haue offered to the duke This Peter which was no lesse disdeined than hated almost of all the people of Britaine thought that if he did assent satisfie king Richards petition and desire he should be of power and abilitie sufficient to withstand and refell the malicious attempts and disdeinfull inuentions of his enuious aduersaries Wherefore he faithfullie promised to accomplish king Richards request desire so that he kept promise with him that he might be able to withstand the cankered malice of his secret enimies This act that he promised to doo was not for anie grudge or malice that he bare vnto the erle of Richmond for as you haue heard before he deliuered him from the perill of death at saint Malos when he was in great doubt of life and ieopardie But as cause ariseth we euer offend and that curssed hunger of gold and execrable thirst of lucre and inward feare of losse of authoritie driueth the blind minds of couetous men ambitious persons to euils and mischéefs innumerable not remembring losse of good name obloquie of the people nor in conclusion the punishment of God for their merits and deserts Which vengeance of God for such falshood was more to be feared than the gaie offers of the king to be desired for the one was sure to fall the other was likelie to faile Wherefore it is wisedome to make choise of a fréend by the rule of the wiseman to be obserued in wine which is drunke with pleasure when it is old Neither dooth it stand with a mans safetie to trust a freend too farre for occasions maie fall out wherby he shall become an enimie as the poet saith Hostis erit forsan qui tuns hospes erat But fortune was so fauourable to the publike wealth of the realme of England that this deadlie and dolorous compact tooke none effect or place For while posts ran and letters were sent to and fro for the finishing of this great enterprise betwéene king Richard and Peter Landoise Iohn Morton bishop of Elie soiourning then in Flanders was of all this craftie conueiance certified by his secret and sure fréends Wherefore he sent Christopher Urswike which at that verie season was come out of Britaine into Flanders to declare to the earle of Richmond how all the deceit and craftie working was conueied and compassed giuing him charge to counsell and aduise the earle in all hast possible with all his companie to retire out of Britaine into France When these newes were brought to the earle he then kept house in Uannes and incontinent dispatched againe Christopher Urswike vnto Charles the French king requiring him that he and his might safelie passe into France Which desire being obteined line 10 the messenger shortlie returned to his lord and prince The earle well perceiuing that it was expedient and necessarie with all spéed and diligence to looke to this weightie matter calling verie few to counsell he made inquirie
can find in England they are not for my profit What thinke you my lords will anie Englishman counsell me or be fréend to me against the K. pleasure that is his subiect Naie forsooth And as for my counsell in whom I will put my trust they be not here they be in Spaine in my owne countrie And my lords I am a poore woman lacking wit to answer to anie such noble persons of wisedome as you be in so weightie a matter therefore I praie you be good to me poore woman destitute of fréends here in a forren region and your counsell also I will be glad to heare And therewith she tooke the cardinall by the hand and led him into hir priuie chamber with the other cardinall where they tarried a season talking with the quéene Which communication ended they departed to the king making to him relation of hir talke Thus this case went forward from court to court till it came to iudgement so that euerie man expected that iudgment would be giuen the next day At which daie the king came thither and set him downe in a chaire within a doore in the end of the gallerie which opened directlie against the iudgement seat to heare the iudgement giuen at which time all their proceedings were red in Latine That doone the kings councell at the barre called for iudgement With that quoth cardinall Campeius I will not giue iudgement till I haue made relation to the pope of all our procéedings whose counsell and commandement in this case I will obserue the case is verie doubtfull and also the partie defendant will make no answer here but dooth rather appeale from vs supposing that we be not indifferent Wherfore I will adiourne this court for this time according to the order of the court of Rome And with that the court was dissolued and no more doone This protracting of the conclusion of the matter king Henrie tooke verie displeasantlie Then cardinall Campeius tooke his leaue of the king and nobilitie and returned towards Rome Whilest these things were thus in hand the cardinall of Yorke was aduised that the king had set his affection vpon a yoong gentlewoman named Anne the daughter of sir Thomas Bullen vicount Rochford which did wait vpon the quéene This was a great griefe vnto the cardinall as he that perceiued aforehand that the king would marie the said gentlewoman if the diuorse tooke place Wherfore he began with all diligence to disappoint that match which by reason of the misliking that he had to the woman he iudged ought to be auoided more than present death While the matter stood in this state and that the cause of the quéene was to be heard and iudged at Rome by reason of the appeale which by hir was put in the cardinall required the pope by line 10 letters and secret messengers that in anie wise he should defer the iudgement of the diuorse till he might frame the kings mind to his purpose Howbeit he went about nothing so secretlie but that the same came to the kings knowledge who tooke so high displeasure with such his cloked dissimulation that he determined to abase his degrée sith as an vnthankefull person he forgot himselfe and his dutie towards him that had so highlie aduanced him to all honor and dignitie When the nobles of the line 20 realme perceiued the cardinall to be in displeasure they began to accuse him of such offenses as they knew might be proued against him and thereof they made a booke conteining certeine articles to which diuerse of the kings councell set their hands The king vnderstanding more plainlie by those articles the great pride presumption and couetousnesse of the cardinall was sore mooued against him but yet kept his purpose secret for a while Shortlie after a parlement was called to begin at Westminster the line 30 third of Nouember next insuing In the meane time the king being informed that all those things that the cardinall had doone by his power legantine within this realme were in the case of the premunire and prouision caused his atturneie Christopher Hales to sue out a writ of premunire against him in the which he licenced him to make his atturneie ¶ And further the seuentéenth of Nouember the king sent the two dukes of Norffolke and Suffolke to the cardinals place at Westminster line 40 who went as they were commanded and finding the cardinall there they declared that the kings pleasure was that he should surrender vp the great seale into their hands and to depart simplie vnto Asher which was an house situat nigh vnto Hampton court belonging to the bishoprike of Winchester The cardinall demanded of them their commission that gaue them such authoritie who answered againe that they were sufficient commissioners and had authoritie to doo no lesse by the kings line 50 mouth Notwithstanding he would in no wise agrée in that behalfe without further knowledge of their authoritie saieng that the great seale was deliuered him by the kings person to inioy the ministration thereof with the roome of the chancellor for the terme of his life whereof for his suertie he had the kings letters patents This matter was greatlie debated betwéene them with manie great words in so much that the dukes were faine to depart againe without their purpose and rode to Windsore to the king and made report line 60 accordinglie but the next daie they returned againe bringing with them the kings letters Then the cardinall deliuered vnto them the great seale and was content to depart simplie taking with him nothing but onelie certeine prouision for his house and after long talke betwéene him and the dukes they departed with the great seale of England and brought the same to the king Then the cardinall called all his officers before him and tooke accompt of them for all such stuffe whereof they had charge And in his gallerie were set diuerse tables wherevpon laie a great number of goodlie rich stuffe as whole péeces of silke of all colours veluet sattin damaske taffata grograine and other things Also there laie a thousand peeces of fine Holland cloth There was laid on euerie table bookes reporting the contents of the same and so was there inuentaries of all things in order against the kings comming He caused to be hanged the walles of the gallerie on the one side with cloth of gold cloth of tissue cloth of siluer and rich cloth of bodken of diuerse colours On the other side were hanged the richest sute of coapes of his owne prouision made for his colleges of Oxford and Ipswich that euer were séene in England Then had he two chambers adioining to the gallerie the one most commonlie called the gilt chamber and the other the councell chamber wherein were set vp two broad and long tables vpon trestles whervpon was set such a number of plate of all sorts as was almost incredible In the gilt chamber were set out
Lanquet wrote an epitome of chronicles and also of the winning of Bullongne Iohn Shepre Leonard line 30 Cox wrote diuerse treatises one in English rhetorike whereof Bale maketh no mention Thomas Soulmon borne in the I le of Gernseie verie studious in histories as by his writings and notes it appeareth Iohn Longland bishop of Lincolne Maurice Chancie a Charterhouse moonke Cutbert Tunstall bishop of Duresme Richard Samson Alban Hill a Welshman an excellent physician Richard Croke verie expert in the Gréeke toong Robert Whittington borne in Staffordshire néere to Lichfield line 40 wrote diuerse treatises for the instruction of Grammarians Iohn Aldrige bishop of Carleill Iohn Russell gathered a treatise intituled Super iure Caesaris Papae he wrote also commentaries in Cantica William Roie Simon Fish a Kentishman borne wrote a booke called the supplication of beggers Iohn Powell and Edward Powell Welshmen wrote against Luther Edward died in Smithfield for treason in denieng the kings supremacie in the line 50 yeare 1540 Iohn Houghton gouernour of the Charterhouse moonks in London died likewise for treason in the yeare a thousand fiue hundred thirtie and fiue Iohn Rickes being an aged man forsaking the order of a frier Minor which he had first professed imbraced the gospell George Bullen lord Rochford brother to quéene Anne wrote diuerse songs and sonets Francis Bigod knight borne in Yorkeshire wrote a booke against the cleargie intituled De impropriationibus and translated certeine bookes from Latine into English he died for rebellion in the yeare a thousand fiue hundred thirtie and seauen Richard Wise Henrie Morleie lord Morleie wrote diuerse treatises as comedies and tragedies the life of sectaries and certeine rithmes William Boteuille alià s Thin restored Chaucers workes by his learned and painfull corrections Iohn Smith sometime schoolemaister of Heiton Richard Turpine borne of a worshipfull familie in England seruing in the garrison of Calis wrote a chronicle of his time he died in the yéere a thousand fiue hundred fortie and one and was buried in saint Nicholas church in Calis Sir Thomas Wiat knight in whose praise much might be said as well for his learning as other excellent qualities meet for a man of his calling he greattlie furthered to inrich the English toong he wrote diuerse matters in English méeter and translated the seauen penitentiall psalmes and as some write the whole psalter he died of the pestilence in the west countrie being on his iourneie into Spaine whither he was sent ambassadour from the king vnto the emperour in the yeare a thousand fiue hundred fortie and one Henrie Howard earle of Surrie sonne to the duke of Norffolke delighted in the like studies with sir Thomas Wiat wrote diuerse treatises also in English méeter he suffered at Tower hill as in the historie of this king before yée haue heard Iohn Field a citizen and lawyer of London wrote sundrie treatises as his owne answers vnto certeine articles ministred to him by sir Thomas More the bishop of Rochester Rastall and others when he was in prison for religion he wrote also a treatise of mans fréewill De seruo hominis arbitrio and collections of the common lawes of the land c Tristram Reuell Henrie Brinklow a merchant of London wrote a little booke which he published vnder thâ— name of Roderike Mors and also a complaint vpon London c Robert Shingletâ—n borne of a good familie in Lancashire wrote a treatise of the seauen churches and other things as of certeine prophesies for the which as some write he suffered at London being conuict of treason in the yeare 1544 William Parreie a Welshman wrote a booke intituled Speculum iuuenum Of strangers that liued here in this kings daies and for their works which they wrote were had in estimation these we find recorded by maister Bale Barnard Andreas a Frenchman borne in Tolouse an Augustin Frier and an excellent poet Adrian de Castello an Italian of Corneto a towne in Thuscaine he was commended vnto king Henrie the seuenth by the archbishop Morton and therevpon was first made bishop of Hereford and after resigning that sée was aduanced to Bath and Welles Andreas Ammonius an Italian of the citie of Luca secretarie to the king wrote diuerse treatises Iames Calco an Italian also of Pauia in Lumbardie by profession a Carmelite frier an earnest defender of the diuorse betwixt the king and the ladie Katharine Dowager disproouing the marriage beâ—wixt them to be in anie wise lawfull Thus farre the right high and renowmed Henrie the eight sonne and successor to Henrie the seuenth Edward the sixt sonne and successor to Henrie the eight AFter it had pleased almightie God to call to his mercie that famous prince king Henrie the eight the parlement as yet continuing and now by his death dissolued the executours of the said king and other of the nobilitie assembling themselues line 10 togither did first by sound of trumpet in the palace of Westminster and so through London cause his sonne and heire prince Edward to be proclamed king of this realme by the name of Edward the sixt king of England France and Ireland defender of the faith and of the churches of England and Ireland the supreame head he being yet but nine yeares and od moneths of age he was thus proclamed the eight and twentith of Ianuarie in the yeare of the world 5513 and after the birth of our line 20 Lord 1547 year 1547 according to the accompt of them that begin the yeare at Christmasse but after the accompt of the church of England in the yeare 1546 about the nine and twentith yeare of the emperor Charles the fift the three and thirtith of Francis the first of that name king of France and in the fift yeare of the reigne of Marie quéene of Scotland Shortlie herevpon the earle of Hertford with other of the lords resorted to Hatfield where the yoong king then laie from whence they conducted him with line 30 a great and right honorable companie to the Tower of London During the time of his abode there for the good gouernement of the realme the honour and suertie of his maiesties person his vncle Edward earle of Hertford was by order of the councell and the assent of his maiestie as one most méetest to occupie that roome appointed gouernour of his roiall person and protector of his realmes dominions and subiects and so proclamed the first of Februarie by an herald at armes and sound of trumpet through line 40 the citie of London in the vsuall places thereof as it was thought expedient The sixt daie of Februarie the earle of Hertford lord protector adorned king Edward with the order of knighthood remaining then in the Tower and therewith the king standing vp called for Henrie Hubbleshorne lord maior of the citie of London who comming before his presence the king tooke the sword of the lord protector and dubbed the said Hubblethorne knight he being the first that euer he
though it séemed right dangerous to the assailers yet was it not more wiselie deuised by the councell than valiantlie and willinglie executed of the lord marshall the others For euen there taking their leaues of the councell the said line 20 lord marshall requiring onelie that if it went not well with him the dukes grace would be good to his wife children he said he would méet those Scots and so with their bands the foresaid capteins tooke their waie and made towards the enimie By this time were the fore-wards on either part aduanced within two flight shoots in sunder The Scots came on so fast that it was thought of the most part of the Englishmen they were rather horssemen than footmen line 30 The Englishmen againe were led the more with speed to shew that they were as willing as the Scots to trie the battell The master of the ordinance to their great aduantage pluckt vp the hill at that instant certeine péeces and soone after planted two or thre canons of them welnigh vpon the top there wherby hauing so much the helpe of the hill he might ouer the Englishmens heads shoot niest at the enimie As the lord protector had so circumspectlie taken order for the araie and station of the armie and for line 40 the execution of euerie mans office beside he being perfectlie appointed in faire armour accompanied onelie with sir Thomas Chaloner knight one of the clearkes of the kings priuie councell got him to the hight of the hill to tarrie by the ordinance where hée might best surueie the whole field and succour with aid where most he saw néed and also by his presence to be a defense to the thing that stood weakest in place and also most in daunger the which how much it stood in stead anon ye shall heare further line 50 As he was halfe vp the hill the erle of Warwike was ware the enimies were all at a sudden staie and stood still a good while so that it séemed to him that they perceiuing now their owne follie in leauing their ground of aduantage had no will to come anie further forward but gladlie would haue bin whence they came The reasons were these First bicause at that time beside the full muster of the English footmen of whome they thought there had béene none there in field but all to haue béene either shipt or a line 60 shipping then they saw plaine that the Englishmen were sure to haue the gaine of the hill and they the ground of disaduantage out of their hold and put from their hope and hereto for that their herald gaue the lord protector no warning the which by him if they had ment to fight it out who would not haue presumed that for the estimation of their honor they would little haue stucke to haue sent and he againe and it had beene but for his thousand crowns would right gladlie haue brought Well yet how so euer their meaning changed finallie considering belike the state they stood in that as they had left their strength too soone so now to be too late to repent vpon a change of countenance they made hastilie forward againe and as it séemed with no lesse stoutnesse of courage than stronglie in order whose maner armour weapon and order in fight in those daies and also before though now somewhat changed as well as amongest other nations was as insueth Harquebutters had they few and appointed their fight most commonlie alwaies on foot They vsed to come to the field well furnished with iacke and skull dagger buckler and swords all notablie brode and thin of excéeding good temper and vniuersallie so made to slice as hard it is to deuise the better hereto euerie man his pike and a great kercher wrapped twise or thrise about his necke not for cold but for cutting In their araie toward the ioining with the enimie they thrust so nie in the fore-ranke shoulder to shoulder togither with their pikes in both hands streight afore them and their followers in that order so hard at their backes laieng their pikes ouer their foregoerrs shoulders that if they doo assaile vndisseuered no force can well withstand them Standing at defense they thrust shoulders likewise so nie togither the fore-ranks well nie to knéeling stoope low before for their fellowes behind holding their pikes in both hands and therewith in their left their bucklers the one end of their pike against their right foot the other against the enimie breast high their followers crossing their pike points with them before and thus each with other so nie as place and space will suffer through the whole rankes so thicke that as easilie shall a bare finger pearse through the skin of an angrie hedgehog as anie incounter the front of their pikes Thus prouided they I meane the Scots addressed themselues to incounter inflamed with a heat of furious hatred but not aduised whether the cause were iust or vniust for the which they were vp in armes which foolish madnesse the poet pointeth at and painteth out saieng Arma Scotus poscit valida contendere vi vult Is nec habet pensi sit it aequum an prorsus iniquum The lord marshall notwithstanding whome no danger detracted from dooing his enterprise with the companie and order afore appointed came full in their faces from the hill side towards them Herewith waxed it verie hot on both sides with pitifull cries horrible rore and terrible thundering of guns beside the daie darkened aboue head with smoke of the artillerie the sight and appeerance of the enimie euen at hand before the danger of death on euerie side else the bullets pellets and arrowes flieng each where so thicke and so vncerteinelie lighting that no where was there anie suretie of safetie euerie man striken with a dreadfull feare not so much perchance of death as of hurt which things though they were but certeine to some yet doubted of all assured crueltie at the enimies hands without hope of mercie death to flie and danger to fight The whole face of the field on both sides vpon this point of ioining both to the eie and to the eare so heauie so deadlie lamentable furious outragious terrible confuse and so quite against the quiet nature of man as if to the nobilitie the regard of their honor and fame to the knights and capteines the estimation of their worship and honestie and generallie to them all the naturall motion of bounden dutie their owne safetie hope of victorie and the fauour of God that they trusted vpon for the equitie of their quarrell had not béene a more vehement cause of courage than the danger of death was cause of feare the verie horrour of the thing had beene able to haue made anie man to forget both prowesse and policie But the lord marshall and the others with present mind and courage warilie and quicklie continued their course towards them The enimies were in a fallow field whereof the furrowes
to the king and that as ye will not doo of your selues ye must be compelled to doo by others and that ye refuse to doo willinglie thinke ye must be drawne to doo the same constreinedlie Which when it commeth to passe as wisedome séeth in your faults that it must néeds what gaine ye then or what profit can arise to you by rising which might haue found ease in sitting still And what shall ye be at length the better for this turmoile which beside diuerse other incommodities rehearsed shall be thus clogged with the vnsufferable burden of the martiall law Yet there is one thing behind which me thinketh your selues should not forget séeing that ye haue giuen the cause ye should dulie looke for the effect Ye haue spoiled imprisoned and threatened gentlemen to death and that with such hatred of mind as may not well be borne The cause therof I speake not on which tried will happilie be not so great but sée the thing set murther aside it is the heinousest fault to a priuat man What could more spitefullie haue béene doone against them than ye haue vsed with crueltie Can this doo anie other but breed in their stomachs great grudge of displeasure toward you and ingender such an hatred as the weaker and the sufferer must néeds beare the smart thereof The kings best kind of gouernment is so to rule his subiects as a father ordereth his children and best life of obedient subiects is one to behaue himselfe to an other as though they were brethren vnder the king their father For loue is not the knot onelie of the common-wealth whereby diuerse parts be perfectlie ioined togither in one politike bodie but also the strength and might of the same gathering togither into a small roome with order which scaâ—tered would else bréed confusion and debate Dissention we sée in small houses and thereby may take example to great common-wealths how it not onelie decaieth them from wealth but also abateth them from strength Thinke small examples to take place in great matters and the like though not so great to follow in them both and there by learne to iudge of great things vnknowne by small things perceiued When brethren agrée not in a house goeth not the weakest to the walles and with whome the father taketh part withall is not he likest to preuaile Is it not wisedome for the yoonger brother after the good will of the parents to seeke his eldest brothers fauour who vnder them is most able to doo for him To séeke them both with honestie is wisedome to loose them both by sullennesse is madnesse Haue there not béene dailie benefits from the gentlemen to you in some more and in some lesse but in none considered which they haue more friendlie offered than you haue gentlie requited This must ye lose when ye will not be thankefull and learne to gaine new good will by desert when ye forsake the old friendship vnprouoked And ye must thinke that liuing in a common-wealth togither one kind hath néed of an other and yet a great sort of you more néed of one gentleman than one gentleman of a great sort of you And though all be parts of one common-wealth yet all be not like worthie parts but all being vnder obedience some kind in more subiection one waie and some kind in more seruice an other waie And séeing ye be lesse able by monie and liberalitie to deserue good will than others be and your onelie kind of desert is to shew good will which honest men doo well accept as much worth as monie haue ye not much hindâ—red hurt your selues herein losing that one kind of humanitie which ye haue onelie left and turning it into crueltie which ye ought most to abhor not onelie bicause it is wicked of it selfe but also most noisome to you I can therefore for my part thinke no lesse herein if ye follow your stiffenesse still must needs iudge that ye haue wilfullie brought on your selues such plagues as the like could not haue fallen on you but by your selues Seeing then thus manie waies ye haue hurt the common-welth of this whole countrie within by destruction of shires losing of haruest line 10 wasting of vittels decaieng of manhood vndooing of farmers increasing of vagabonds mainteining of disorders hindring of redresses bringing in of martiall law and breeding continuall hatred among diuerse states what thinke ye I praie you Iudge ye not that ye haue committed an odious and detestable crime against the whole common-wealth whose fâ—rtherance ye ought to haue tendered by dutie and not to haue sought the hurt thereof with your owne line 20 damage Besides all these inward griefes which euerie one seuerallie must néeds féele with miserie there happeneth so manie outward mischances among strangers to vs with disdaine that if there were nothing ill within the realme which we should féele yet the shame which dooth touch vs from other countries should not onelie mooue but also compell you hartilie to forethinke this your rebellious sedition For what shall strangers thinke when they shall heare of line 30 the great misorder which is in this realme with such confusion that no order of law can kéepe you vnder but must be faine to be beaten downe with a kings power Shall they not first thinke the kings maiestie in whose mind God hath powred so much hope for a child as we may looke for gifts in a man either for his age to be little set by or for lacke of qualities not to be regarded or for default of loue to be resisted and no notable grace of God in him considered nor the worthinesse of his office looked vpon nor naturall line 40 obedience due to him remembred Shall they not next suppose small estimation to be giuen to the rulers to whom vnder the king we owe due obedience that can not in iust and lawfull matters be heard nor men to haue that right iudgement of their wisedome as their iustice in rule and foresight in counsell requireth but rather prefer their owne fansies before others experience and déeme their owne reason to be common-wealth and other mens wisedome to be but dreaming Shall they not line 50 trulie saie the subiects to be more vnfaithfull in disobedience than other subiects worsse ordered be and licence of libertie to make wild heads without order and that they neither haue reason that vnderstand not the mischiefe of sedition nor dutie which follow their beastlinesse nor loue in them which so little remember the common-wealth nor naturall affection which will dailie séeke their owne destruction Thus the whole countrie lacking the good opinion of other nations is cast into great shame by your line 60 vnrulinesse and the proceedings of the countrie be they neuer so godlie shall be ill spoken of as vnfit to be brought into vse and good things hereby that deserue praise shall bide the rebuke of them that list
There was therfore by order of the councell a wise gentleman learned named George Ferrers appointed to that office for this yeare who being of better credit estimation than coÌ„monlie his predecessors had beene before receiued all his commissions and warrants by the name of the maister of the kings pastimes Which gentleman so well supplied his office both in shew of sundrie sights and deuises of rare inuentions and in act of diuerse interludes and matters of pastime plaied by persons as not onelie satisfied the common â—ort but also were verie well liked and allowed by the councell and other of skill in the like pastimes but best of all by the yoong king himselfe as appéered by his princelie liberalitie in rewarding that seruice ¶ On mondaie the fourth of Ianuarie the said lord of merie disports came by water to London and landed at the tower wharffe entred the tower and then rode through tower street where he was receiued by Uause lord of misrule to Iohn Mainard one of the shiriffes of London and so conducted through the citie with a great companie of yoong lords gentlemen to the house of sir George Barne lord maior where he with the chéefe of his companie dined and after had a great banket and at his departure the lord maior gaue him a standing cup with a couer of siluer and guilt of the value of ten pounds for a reward and also set a hogshed of wine and a barrell of beere at his gate for his traine that followed him The residue of his gentlemen seruants dined at other aldermens houses and with the shiriffes and then departed to the tower wharffe againe so to the court by water to the great commendation of the maior and aldermen and highlie accepted of the king and councell This Christmas being thus passed and spent with much mirth and pastime year 1552 wherewith the minds and eares of murmurers were méetlie well appeased according to a former determination as the sequele shewed it was thought now good to procéed to the execution of the iudgement giuen against the duke of Summerset touching his conuiction atteindor of the fellonie before mentioned Wherevpon the two and twentith daie of Ianuarie then next following being fridaie he was brought out of the tower and according to the manner deliuered to the shiriffes of London and so with a great companie of the gard others with weapons was brought to the scaffold where he should suffer without changing either voice or countenance other than he was accustomed to vse at other times The same morning earelie the conestables of euerie ward in London according to a precept directed from the councell to the maior strictlie charged euerie houshold of the same citie not to depart anie of them out of their houses before ten of the clocke of that daie meaning thereby to restreine the great number of people that otherwise were like to haue béen at the said execution Notwithstanding by seauen of the clocke the tower hill was couered with a great multitude repairing from all parts of the citie as well as out of the suburbs And before eight of the clocke the duke was brought to the scaffold inclosed with the kings gard the shiriffes officers the warders of the tower other with halberds where as he nothing changing neither voice or countenance but in a maner with the same gesture which he commonlie vsed at home knéeling downe vpon both his knees and lifting vp his hands commended himselfe vnto God After he had ended a few short praiers standing vp againe and turning himselfe toward the east side of the scaffold nothing at all abashed as it séemed vnto those that stood by neither with the sight of the ax neither yet of the hangman nor of present death but with the like alacriâ—ie and chéerefulnesse of mind and countenance as before times he was accustomed to heare the causes supplications of other speciallie of the poore towards whome as it were with a certeine fatherlie loue to his children he alwaies shewed himselfe most attentiue he vttered these words to the people The words of the duke of Summerset at his death DEerelie beloued friends I am line 10 brought hither to suffer death albeit I neuer offended against the king neither by word nor deed and haue beene alwaies as faithfull and true vnto this realme as anie man hath beene But forsomuch as I am by law condemned to die I doo acknowledge my selfe as well as others to be subiect therevnto Wherefore to testifie mine obedience line 20 which I owe vnto the lawes I am come hither to suffer death wherevnto I willinglie offer my selfe with most hartie thanks vnto God that hath giuen me this time of repentance who might thorough sudden death haue taken awaie my life that I neither should haue acknowledged him nor my selfe Moreouer deerelie beloued friends there is yet somewhat that I must put line 30 you in mind of as touching christian religion which so long as I was in authoritie I alwaies diligentlie set foorth and furthered to my power Neither doo I repent me of my dooings but reioise therein sith now the state of christian religion commeth most neere vnto the forme and order of the primitiue church Which thing I esteeme as a great benefit giuen of God line 40 both to you and me most hartilie exhorting you all that this which is most purelie set foorth vnto you you will with like thankefulnesse accept and embrace and set out the same in your liuing which thing if you doo not without doubt greater mischiefe and calamitie will follow When he had spoken these words suddenlie there line 50 was a great noise heard wherevpon the people were streight driuen into a great feare few or none knowing the cause Wherefore I thinke it good to write what I saw saith Iohn Stow concerning that matter The people of a certeine hamlet which were warned to be there by seauen of the clocke to giue their attendance on the lieutenant now came thorough the posterne and perceiuing the duke to be alreadie on the scaffold the foremost began to run crieng to their fellowes to follow fast after Which suddennes line 60 of these men being weaponed with bils and halberds this running caused the people which first saw them to thinke some power had come to haue rescued the duke from execution and therefore cried Awaie awaie Wherevpon the people ran some one waie some an other manie fell into the tower ditch and they which tarried thought some pardon had beene brought some said it thundered some that the ground mooued but there was no such matter ¶ This amazement of the people is in other words recorded by Iohn Fox in the storie of this dukes troubles death which bicause they be effectuall I thinke good to interlace When the duke had ended his speech saith he suddenlie there was a terrible noise heard whervpon there came a
20 kingdome at the castell of Tunbridge in Kent and Rigate in Surrie which Gilbert with the other péers of the land immediatlie after the death of king Henrie the third assembling at the new temple brake the old seale of king Henrie made a new seale in the name of king Edward and appointed faithfull officers for the sure kéeping and obseruing of the treasure the riches the peace and the lawes of the kingdoms This Gilbert had two wiues his first wife was line 30 Alice the daughter of Hugh le Brune erle of March by whom he had issue a daughter that was countesse of Fife in Scotland his second wife was Ione the daughter of king Edward the first called Ione of Acres by whome he had one sonne called Gilbert the third earle of Glocester and Hertford who married Mawd the daughter of Richard earle of Ulster in the yeare of Christ 1308 at Waltham by whome he had issue a sonne Iohn borne in the yeare of Christ 1312 being in the sixt yeare of Edward the second that died without issue after the death of which Gilbert line 40 the third his lands and earldomes of Glocester and Hertford came to the sister of the said Gilbert the third who was slaine in the battell of Striueling against the Scots in the seuenth or as others haue the eight yeare of king Edward the second whome the Scots would gladlie haue kept for ransome if they had knowne him but he had forgotten to put on his cote of armes to shew what he was after which he was brought into England and was buried line 50 at Tewkesburie vpon whose death the two earledomes of Glocester and Hertford were so dispersed that there was neuer anie to this daie that iointlie succéeded or possessed them both Thus hauing digressed from Gilbert the second in treating of his sonne Gilbert the third let vs againe returne to him He besides his sonne Gilbert the third had by his wife Ione thrée daughters Elenor first married to Hugh Spenser second sonne to Hugh Spenser earle of Glocester and after his death to William Zouch Margaret married to Piers de Gaueston earle of line 60 Cornewall and after to Hugh Audeleie and Elizabeth or Isabell married in the yeare of our Lord 1308 being the first yeare of Edward the second to Iohn the sonne of Richard earle of Ulster This Gilbert the second before the marriage of his second wife was on the fiftéenth kalends of August diuorsed from Alice his first wife in the yeare of our redemption 1271 being the six and fiftith yeare of the reigne of king Henrie the third and after in Westminster church the last of Aprill married his second wife about the eightéenth yeare of Edward the first being the yeare of Christ 1290 which Gilbert the second being taken awaie by vntimelie death departed this world in the yeare of our redemption 1195 being the thrée and twentith of the reigne of the said Edward the first who was in word déed in commandement and authoritie the greatest person of the kingdome next to king Edward the first for which cause he well deserued to haue his sepulture among his worthie ancestors Edmund earle of Cornewall of whome there is somewhat spoken before being the sonne of Richard king of Almaine and earle of Cornewall brother to Henrie the third married Margaret the daughter of Richard de Clare erle of Glocester he was made protector of the Realme by Edward the first in the fouretéenth yeare as some saie or in the fifteenth as others saie for there is so much disagréement amongst authors for the accounts of yeares as it passeth anie one man to reconcile them in all points when the said king went into Aragon to reconcile the two kings of Arragon Naples He continued in this office in the yeare of Christ 1287 or 1228 as hath Treuet being the sixteenth yeare of Edward the first in which he subdued Rise ap Merdach the Welsh prince rebelling against Edward the first and ouerthrew the castell of Druffillane as hath the said Nicholas Treuet he was lord of Wallingford did much cost therevpon and died without issue as hath Matthew Westminster in the yeare of Christ 1300 but as hath Thomas Walsingham 1301 leauing the king of England his heire Yet are there some pedegrées and other authors and those not the meanest which saie that he had a daughter Isabell married to Morice Fitz Harding lord Barkleie so that these authors which saie that he died without issue are to be vnderstood of the issue male not of the heire generall for they account him to die without issue which leaueth no posteritie to continue his title of honor The which their meaning they make more plaine in that they saie that after his issulesse death the earledome came to the crowne And here bicause there is mention made of Wallingford I will set downe what Leland hath written touching the same bicause I desire to make common and to preserue all whatsoeuer monuments of Leland that come vnto my hands thus therefore he writeth of Wallingford in his commentaries of England written in the yeare of our redemption 1542 being the foure and thirtith yeare of king Henrie the eight in these words The towne of Wallingford hath béene a verie notable thing and well walled The dich of the towne and the crest wherevpon the wals stand be yet manifestlie perceiued and begin from the castell going in compasse a good mile and more and so continueth to Wallingford bridge a large thing of stone ouer the Thames There remaine yet the names of these stréets amongst others Thamesstréet Fishstréet Woodstréet Goldsmiths row And by the patents and donation of Edmund earle of Cornewall and lord of the honour of Wallingford it appeereth that there were fourtéene parish churches in Wallingford and there be men yet aliue that can shew the places and churchyards where they stood at this time there are but thrée parish churches The towne and the castell was sore defaced by the Danes warres yet they méetlie florished in the time of Richard king of the Romans earle of Cornewall and brother to Henrie the third he did much cost vpon the castell which ioineth to the north gate of the towne and hath thrée diches as vpon the crests of the same may appéere large and déepe about each of the two first diches on the crests of the ground cast out runneth an embatteled wall now sore in ruine and for the most part defaced All the goodlie buildings with the tower and dungeon be within the third dich There is also a collegiat chapell amongest the buildings within the third dich Edmund earle of Cornewall son to Richard king of Romans was the first founder and indower of this college Prince Edward the blacke as one told me augmented this college There is a deane foure priests six clerkes and foure choristers The late deane before doctor London that now is builded a faire stéeple of stone at the west
the conestables of England pag. 869. Richard Plantagenet third sonne to Richard duke of Yorke was conestable of England and gouernour of the person of the king of whome is more spoken in my discourse of the conestables of England pag. 869. But here mentioning the conestables of England I thinke it better now than not at all to mention also some imperfection and default in my former discourse of the said conestables set downe by me before in pag. 865. Which default of mine in that place grew by reason of ouermuch hast which I vsed in sudden seeking for the same whereby according to the old prouerbe I brought foorth a blind whelpe For in the former description I haue omitted diuerse the which were conestables of England the names of which were Henrie the first in the life of his father Nigellus and Robert de Oilie with others of that line in descent which Nigellus I can not as yet learne to be anie other but Nigellus de Oilie brother to Robert de Oilie that came in with the Conqueror who gaue Oxfordshire vnto the said Robert Besides which if it shall séeme to anie that I haue in my former treatise rashlie written I know not what that here I make Henrie the first conestable in his father the Conquerors time by contrarietie therevnto did before make Walter conestable also in the Conquerors and William Rufus his time let them know that there is no contrarietie herein For Walter might first be conestable then Henrie the first and both they in the Conquerors time this office being taken from the first and giuen to the latter by the Conqueror After whose death William Rufus might take it from his brother Henrie bicause he would not make him too great in England for doubt least he might hereby put the crowne in hazard being fauoured of the people as one borne in England and for that cause might restore that office to Walter Againe it maie be that some men reading that I haue before set downe that Mawd the empresse gaue the conestableship to Milo the son of Walter in the sixt of king Stephan and that king Stephan tooke that office from Milo in the first yere of his reigne and gaue it to Walter Beauchampe will condemne me therefore of like vnaduised writing bicause it seemeth thereby that Stephan tooke it from Milo before that Milo had it Which is not so for I can proue with some reason and authoritie that Milo had it a little before the death of king Henrie the first and also after his death in part of the first yeare of king Stephan being witnesse to a deed by king Stephan made and dated the first of his reigne to which he subscribed his name Milo Constabularius After which king Stephan might in that yeare take that office from him and so he did Which Mawd the empresse vnderstanding and finding Milo now fallen from king Stephan one which assisted hir she the better to confront Stephan gaue the conestableship to Milo accounting hir selfe as quéene in the sixt of Stephan This being thus spoken in defense of that which before I haue written pag. 866. let vs go to our other line 10 matter concerning the conestables not mentioned before in the said discourse wherein I find my selfe in a maruellous laberinth out of which I doubt that the best antiquaries cannot loose themselues no not he which thinketh and saith that he can controll all men for I suppose he will be lame in this matter how all these could be conestables vnlesse that in the time of Henrie the first and of king Stephan as it is most likelie there was chopping changing putting in and taking out setting vp and pulling downe line 20 one man in diuerse yeares of one and the selfe same king for king Stephan was sometime a king and sometime as no king and then againe a king And so likewise was it with Mawd the empresse at the same time bearing hir selfe sometime as queene and then deiected as no quéene But be it as it will be I will here set downe what I find in ancient charters and pedegrées touching the conestables of England not before mentioned leauing the same to others either to order for succession of time or to amend for line 30 truth of matter who peraduenture reading these things which I haue seene and will here set downe can bestow them in better order than I can which I earnestlie praie them to doo whereby truth maie be brought to light and perfection which as yet touching these conestables set downe in this place séemeth to be obscured and confused vntill the time that Roger Fitz Miles had that office for from his time the same is without all controuersie sufficientlie knowne Wherefore here before I enter into the descent line 40 of the de Oilies who were conestables of England I will set downe a strange note of thrée persons witnesses to a déed dated Primo Stephani anno Dom. 1136 who doo all subscribe their names as conestables Which charter being the same wherein king Stephan gaue the manor of Sudton or Sutton to the house of Winchester the same was amongst other witnesses thus signed Robertus de Veer constabularius Milo constabularius Brientius filius comitis constabularius all who could not be conestables of England at line 50 one time Wherfore sauing correction I suppose that it is out of all controuersie that neither the first nor the last of these three were conestables of England but of some other places as of Douer or other castels And so to that which I haue further to saie of the kings conestables in one descent and succession of the de Oilies being tearmed the kings conestables both in ancient charters and pedegrées whereof Nigellus before mentioned séemeth to be one This Nigellus was conestable of England in the line 60 yeare of our redemption one thousand one hundred and one being the first yéere of king Henrie the first as may appeare by a déed of confirmation made by Henrie the first touching the cathedrall church of Norwich whereof I thinke good to saie somewhat to bring in the proofe that this Nigellus was constable This church was built for the most part in the time of William Rufus by Herebert de Losinga the first bishop of Norwich who translated the sée from Tetford vnto Norwich in the yeare of Christ 1094 which church being finished and consecrated to the holie trinitie was afterward confirmed by Henrie the first and Mawd his wife in the first yeare of the said Henrie being the yeare of our redemption 1101 to the charter whereof signed by king Henrie Mawd his wife were manie bishops noblemen and abbats witnesses amongst whome are these two set downe Nigellus Constabularius and Rogerus Cancellarius of which Nigellus thus writeth Leland in his commentaries on the song of the swan in the word Isidis insulae Erat Roberto frater Nigellus nomine de quo fam◠non admodum multa refert
could not prosper so long as she kept in hir hands any possessions of the church did frankelie and freelie resigne and render vnto them all those reuenues ecclesiasticall line 20 which by the authoritie of parlement in the time of king Henrie had béene annexed to the crowne called the first fruits and tenths of all bishopricks benefices and ecclesiasticall promotions The resignation whereof was a great diminution of the reuenues of the crowne ¶ In this parlement was granted to the king queene a subsidie of the laitie from fiue pounds to ten pounds eight pence of the pound from ten pounds to twentie pounds twelue pence of the pound from twentie pounds vpward sixtéene line 30 pence of the pound and all strangers double and the cleargie granted six shillings of the pound Doctor Storie and other were appointed by the cardinall to visit euerie parish church in London and Middlesex to see their relikes repared and the images of the crucifix with Marie and Iohn therevpon to be fixed During the time of this parlement Stephan Gardiner bishop of Winchester and chancellor of England died at his house called Winchester place beside saint Marie Oueries in Southworke the ninth daie of Nouember whose corps was shortlie line 40 after solemnly from thence conueied to his church of Winchester there buried The maner of whose death why should I blush to blaze as I find it by report ¶ One mistresse Mondaie being the wife of one maister Mondaie secretarie sometime to the old lord Thomas duke of Norffolke a present witnes of this that is testified thus openlie reported in the house of a worshipfull citizen bearing office in this citie in words and effect as followeth The same daie line 50 when as bishop Ridleie and maister Latimer suffered at Oxford being about the ninetéenth daie of October there came to the house of Stephan Gardiner the old duke of Norffolke with the foresaid Mondaie his secretarie aboue named reporter héerof The old aged duke there waiting and tarieng for his dinner the bishop being not yet disposed to dine deferred the time till three or foure of the clocke at after noone At length about foure of the clocke commeth his seruant posting in all possible spéed from Oxford line 60 bringing intelligence to the bishop what he had heard and séene of whom the said bishop diligentlie inquiring the truth of the matter hearing by his man that fire most certeinlie was set vnto them commeth out reioising to the duke Now saith he let vs go to dinner Wherevpon they being set downe meat immediatlie was brought and the bishop began merilie to eate but what followed The blouddie tyrant had not eaten a few bits but the sudden stroke of God his terrible hand fell vpon him in such sort as immediatlie he was taken from the table so brought to his bed where he continued the space of fiftéene daies in such intollerable anguish and torments that all that meane while during those fifteene daies he could not auoid by order of vrine or otherwise any thing that he receiued whereby his bodie being miserablie inflamed within who had inflamed so manie good martyrs before was brought to a wretched end And thereof no doubt as most like it is came the thrusting out of his toong from his mouth so swolne blacke with the inflammation of his bodie A spectacle worthie to be noted and beholden of all such bloudie burning persecutors But whatsoeuer he was séeing he is now gone I referre him to his iudge to whom he shall stand or fall As concerning his death and maner thereof I would they which were present thereat would testifie to vs what they saw This we haue all to thinke that his death happened so opportunelie that England hath a mightie cause to giue thanks to the Lord therfore not so much for the great hurt he had doone in times past in peruerting his princesse in bringing in the six articles in murthering Gods saints in defacing Christs sincere religion c as also especiallie for that he had thought to haue brought to passe in murthering also our noble quéene that now is For whatsoeuer danger it was of death that she was in it did no doubt procéed from that bloudie bishop who was the cause thereof And if it be certeine which we haue heard that hir highnesse being in the tower a writ came downe from certeine of the councell for hir execution it is out of controuersie that wilie Winchester was the onelie Dedalus and framer of that engine Who no doubt in that one daie had brought this whole realme into wofull ruine had not the lords most gratious councell thorough maister Bridges then the lieutenant comming in hast to the quéene certified hir of the matter and preuented Achitophels bloudie deuises For the which thanks be to the same our Lord and Sauiour in the congregation of all English churches Amen After whose death Nicholas heath archbishop of Yorke was preferred by the quéene to the office of the chancellor ¶ She likewise gaue the priuie seale to the lord Paget and made him lord priuie seale these were both Londoners borne In this moneth of Februarie the lord maior of London and the aldermen entered into Bridewell and tooke possession thereof according to the gift of king Edward now conâ—â—â—med by queene Marie In the moneth of March next following there was in maner no other talke but of the great preparation that was made for the quéens lieng in childbed who had alredie taken vp hir chamber and sundrie ladies and gentlewomen were placed about hir in euerie office of the court ¶ And now forsomuch as in the beginning of the moneth of Iune about Whitsuntide the time was thought to be nie that this yoong maister should come into the world and that midwiues rockers nurses with the cradle and all were prepared and in a readinesse suddenlie vpon what cause or occasion it is vncerteine a certeine vaine rumor was blowne in London of the prosperous deliuerance of the quéene and the birth of the child insomuch that bels were roong bonefiers and processions made not onelie in the citie of London and in most other parts of the realme but also in Antwerpe guns were shot off vpon the riuer by the English ships and the mariners thereof were rewarded with an hundred pistolets or Italian crownes by the ladie regent who was the quéene of Hungarie Such great reioising and triumph was for the quéenes deliuerie and that there was a prince borne Yea diuerse preachers namelie one the person of saint Anne within Aldersgate after procession and Te Deum soong tooke vpon him to describe the proportion of the child how faire how beautifull and great a prince it was as the like had not béene seene In the middest of this great adoo there was a simple man this I speake but vpon information dwelling within foure miles of Barwike that neuer had béene
at to bring them vnder Coram wherein said he if they had followed my aduise then had they doone well and wiselie This or much like was the effect of the shamelesse and tyrannicall excuse of himselfe more méete to speake with the voice of a beast than of a man Although in this parlement some diuersitie there was of iudgement and opinion betwéene parties yet notwithstanding through the mercifull goodnesse of the Lord the true cause of the gospell had the vpper hand the papists hope was frustrat and their rage abated the order and procéedings of king Edwards time concerning religion was reuiued againe the supremasie of the line 10 pope abolished the articles and bloudie statutes of queene Marie repealed bréeflie the furious fierbrands of cruell persecution which had consumed so manie poore mens bodies were now extinct and quenched Moreouer in the time of this parlement a motion was made by the common house that the queenes maiestie might be sued vnto to grant hir graces licence to the speaker knights citizens burgesses to haue accesse vnto hir graces presence to declare line 20 vnto hir matter of great importance concerning the state of this hir graces realme The which petition being mooued to hir grace she most honorablie agréed and consented therevnto and assigned a daie of hearing When the daie came the speaker common house resorted vnto hir graces palace at Westminster called the White hall And in the great gallerie there hir grace most honorablie shewed hir selfe readie to heare their motion and petition And when the speaker had solemnlie and eloquentlie set foorth line 30 the message the principall matter wherof most speciallie was to mooue hir grace to marriage whereby to all our comforts we might inioie as Gods pleasure should be the roiall issue of hir bodie to reigne ouer vs c. The quéenes maiestie after a little pause made this answer following as néere as I could beare the same awaie saith Grafton The queenes answer to the former line 40 motion of the parlement house AS I haue good cause so doo I giue to you my hartie thanks for the good zeale and care that you séeme to haue as well toward me as to the whole state of your countrie Your petition I gather to be grounded on thrée causes and mine answer to the same shall consist in two parts And for the first I saie vnto you line 50 that from my years of vnderstanding knowing my selfe a seruitor of almightie God I chose this kind of life in which I doo yet liue as a life most acceptable vnto him wherin I thought I could best serue him and with most quietnesse doo my duetie vnto him From which my choise if either ambition of high estate offered vnto me by marriages whereof I haue records in this presence the displeasure of the prince the eschewing the danger of mine enimies or the auoiding the perill of death whose messenger the line 60 princes indignation was no little time continuallie present before mine eies by whose meanes if I knew or doo iustlie suspect I will not now vtter them or if the whole cause were my sister hir selfe I will not now charge the dead could haue drawen or dissuaded me I had not now remained in this virgins estate wherein you sée me But so constant haue I alwaies continued in this my determination that although my words and youth maie seeme to some hardlie to agrée togither yet it is true that to this daie I stand frée from anie other meaning that either I haue had in times past or haue at this present In which state and trade of liuing wherewith I am so throughlie acquainted God hath so hitherto preserued me and hath so watchfull an eie vpon me and so hath guided me and led me by the hand as my full trust is he will not suffer me to go alone The maner of your petition I doo like and take in good part for it is simple and conteineth no limitation of place or person If it had béene otherwise I must haue misliked it verie much and thought in you a verie great presumption being vnfit and altogither vnméet to require them that may command or those appoint whose parts are to desire or such to bind and limit whose duties are to obeie or to take vpon you to draw my loue to your likings or to frame my will to your fansies A guerdon constreined and a gift fréelie giuen can neuer agrée Neuerthelesse if anie of you be in suspect that whensoeuer it maie please God to incline my hart to that kind of life my meaning is to doo or determine anie thing wherwith the realme maie haue iust cause to be discontented put that out of your heads For I assure you what credence my assurance maie haue with you I can not tell but what credit it shall deserue to haue the sequele shall declare I will neuer in that matter conclude anie thing that shall be preiudiciall vnto the realme For the weale and good safetie whereof as a good mother of my countrie I will neuer shun to spend my life And whomsoeuer my choise maie light vpon he shall be as carefull for the preseruation of the realme as you I will not saie as my selfe for I cannot so certeinlie promise of another as I doo surelie know of my selfe but as anie other can be And albeit it dooth please almightie God to continue me still in this mind to liue out of the state of marriage it is not to be feared but he will so worke in my hart and in your wisdoms that as good prouision may be made in conuenient time wherby the realme shall not remaine destitute of an heire that may be a fit gouernor and peraduenture more beneficiall to the realme than such ofspring as may come of me For though I be neuer so carefull for your well dooings and mind euer so to be yet may mine issue grow out of kind and become vngratious And for me it shall be sufficient that a marble stone declare that a quéene hauing reigned such a time liued and died a virgine To make an end I take your comming to me in good part and giue vnto you eftsoons my hartie thanks more yet for your zeale good will and good meaning than for your message and petition Manie that for feare of persecution in quéene Maries daies were fled the realme and liued in voluntarie exile now that all persecution ceased by the gratious clemencie of this noble princesse quéene Elisabeth they returned with all conuenient spéed home into their natiue countrie giuing to almightie God most humble thanks for that his mercifull deliuerance in sending them a gouernor that not onelie permitted libertie of conscience but also was readie to aduance religion and command frée exercise of common praier preaching and administration of the sacraments according to the right institution of the primitiue churches Fridaie the seauentéenth of Februarie one
on the tenth of December in the yéere of Christ 1404 being the sixt yeere of Henrie the fourth in the which bishoprike he continued about one yere and died in the yeere 1406 being buried at saint Bartholomews priorie in Smithfield who of a poore man as saith Walsingham was made lord treasuror of England G. bishop of S. Dauids was lord treasuror of England line 30 in the two and twentith yere of Richard the second which bishop I suppose to be Guie de Mone whom the booke Ypodigma Thomas Walsingham call bishop of S. Dauids and saie that he died in the yéere of our redemption 1407 writing in this sort Eodem anno Guido de Mone Meneuensis episcopus praesentis lucis sensit eclipsim qui dum vixit magnorum malorum causa fuit William Scroope knight vicechamberleine to Richard the second was lord treasuror he bought of line 40 William Montacute earle of Salisburie the Ile of Man with the crowne thereof He was one of those to whom king Richard the second let the kingdom to farme he was lord treasuror of England in the 21 of Richard the second and was after created earle of Wilshire in the said 21 yere of the same Richard the second in the yéere of Christ 1397. He was after beheded at Bristow in the 23 and last yeere of the then deposed king Richard Of which William Scroope and others thus writeth that worthie poet sir Iohn Gower line 50 in his historie of Richard the second commonlie taken as part of his worke intituled Vox clamantis Dux probus audaci vultu cum plebe sequaci Regnum scrutatur siproditor inueniatur Sic tres exosos magis omnibus ambitiosos Regni tortores inuenerat ipse priores Ense repercussi pereunt Gren Scrop quoque Bussi Hi qui regales fuerant cum rege sodales Scrop comes miles cuius Bristolia viles Actus declarat quo mors sua fata pararat line 60 Gren quoque sorte pari statuit dux de capitari Bussi conuictus similes quoque sustinet ictus Vnanimes mente pariter mors vna repente Hos tres prostrauit gladius quos fine vorauit Sicut egerunt alijs sic hi ceciderunt Quo dux laudatur regnúmque per omne iocatur Sir Iohn Northberie made lord treasuror in the first yeare of king Henrie the fourth being the yeare that God tooke on him the forme of a seruant a thousand thrée hundred nintie and nine and continued in the same in the third yeare of Henrie the fourth in which yeare he was also keeper of the priuie garderobe in the tower Henrie Bowet made bishop of Bath about the yeare of our redemption 1401 being also about the second yeare of Henrie the fourth in which bishoprike he continued eight yeares and was after at the kings instance in the yéere of Christ a thousand foure hundred and seuen about the eight yeare of Henrie the fourth remooued to Yorke This man was lord treasuror of England in the fourth yeare of king Henrie the fourth in the yeare of our redemption 1403 in which place he continued not aboue a yéere if so long William lord Rosse the sonne of Thomas lord Rosse did possesse the honorable place of the lord treasuror of England in the fift yeare of king Henrie the fourth being about the yeare of our saluation one thousand foure hundred and foure and shortlie after gaue place to the lord Furniuall He married Margaret daughter of Fitzallen lord Matrauars he had issue Thomas lord Rosse slaine in France in the yeare one thousand foure hundred twentie and one about the ninth yeare of Henrie the sixt and manie other children Thomas lord Furniuall kept the place and office of the lord treasuror of England the sixt seuenth and some part of the eight yeare of king Henrie the fourth as in Michaelmasse tearme of the same eight yeare falling in the yeare of our redemption one thousand foure hundred and six after which this lord Furniuall who had the custodie of the castell and honour of Wigmoore being in the kings hands by reason of the wardship and minoritie of Edmund Mortimer earle of March was as it seemeth remooued from the treasurorship in whose roome succeeded the bishop of London To these lord Furniuals did Furniuals inne of Holborne sometime apperteine as their mansion house being now an inne of chancerie for yoong students of the law and atturneies and belonging vnto Lincolns inne in Chancerie lane Nicholas Bubwith made bishop of London in the yeare of Christ one thousand foure hundred and six being the eight yéere of Henrie the fourth must be that bishop of London as farre as I can yet conceiue who was lord treasuror of England in Michaelmas tearme in the said eight yeare of Henrie the fourth which office it seemeth that he held not long for in Easter terme after in the same eight yeare the office of the tresuror remained in the kings hands and the accompts of the same terme go vnder the same title of being in the kings hands Sir Richard Scroope lord of Bolton wherof is so much spoken before was as I suppose the second time treasuror of England in this ninth yeare of Henrie the fourth wherevnto I am induced by this reason that first the king would not keepe that office so long in his hands as almost amounted vnto two yeares but that he would bestow the same vpon some other secondlie for that I read that this Richard Scroope father to William Scroope earle of Wilshire beheaded by this Henrie the fourth before he came to the crowne at Bristow in the last yeare of Richard the second and in the first of this kings reigne was after the death of the said William made treasuror of England and so died in honour thirdlie for that I cannot sée how he might be treasuror in anie yeare since the death of the said William vntill this ninth yeare of Henrie the fourth and lastlie for that I cannot in anie record or other author find anie other man mentioned to supplie that place in this yeare for which causes I haue attempted to bestow him here and that rightlie for anie thing that I can yet learne Sir Iohn Tiptost or Tibetot knight did possesse the place and office of the lord treasurorship of England in Michelmas terme in the tenth yeare of king Henrie the fourth being in the yere of our redemption one thousand foure hundred and eight Henrie lord Scroope of Masham and of Flarfleet was made lord treasuror of England in the eleuenth yere of the reigne of K. Henrie the fourth in the yeare of our redemption one thousand foure hundred and ten as hath Walsingham in which office he continued vntill the death of king Henrie the fourth which hapned in the fourtéenth yeare of the same king and in the yeare of our redemption one line 10 thousand foure hundred twelue after the account of England but one thousand foure
end should not be had of that ciuill dissention which hath so long continued betwixt the king of Spaine and his subiects in those countries not onelie to the hinderance of themselues but also of others that haue to trade among them speciallie for traffike line 20 sake and intercourse of merchandize But at length they haue compounded their controuersies and are growen to a full agréement and perfect conclusion of peace which God grant may take place so effectuallie as may turne to the quietnesse and publike commoditie not onlie of those countries but of their neighbors whereby merchants and passengers may in suertie passe to and fro without disturbance so as no occasion be giuen of breach of leagues and amities betwixt princes and countries but that the same line 30 may be mainteined to Gods glorie and the suertie of the christian commonwealth In this yeare the right honorable Walter Deuereux earle of Essex and Eu earle marshall of Ireland vicount Hereford and Bourcher lord Ferrers of Chartlie Bourcher Louaine knight of the most noble order of the garter fell sicke of a loosenesse of his bodie the one and twentith of August being fridaie and for the space of two and twentie daies togither he was so grieuouslie tormented therwith that line 40 finallie on saturdaie the two twentith of September he departed out of this transitorie life passing from hence to the ioies of heauen as by his godlie end all that were about him gaue testimonie The losse of this noble man was greatlie béemoned aswell by the English as Irish for the noble courage vertuous qâ—â—lities and tender zeale to the aduancement of thâ— commonwealth which appéered in him ¶ So that it were a fowle fault in the highest degree line 50 not to laie vp some commemoration of so worthie and well deseruing a gentleman both of prince and people in perpetuall records which I will doo by Gods grace none otherwise than I am lead by such matter yea memorable matter as I find in a funerall sermon made by the reuerend father in God Richard bishop of saint Dauis at the buriall of this right honorable earle of Essex in the parish church of Caermerthin in Wales where the said bishop taking for his text these words of S. Iohn in the 14 of line 60 the reuelation Audiui vocem de coelo dicentem Beati mortui c. I heard a voice from heauen saieng Blessed are the dead that die in the Lord c. After he had discoursed vpon the text as the spirit of God gaue him vtterance he descended at last to a particular treatise tending wholie to the praise of this right noble man saieng in sort as followeth Behold the heauie hand of God for our sins vpon all the whole countrie in the death of this noble man which is not onelie a messenger of Gods wrath towards this towne and countrie wherein he was borne but also in verie déed a great losse to the whole realme And although this countrie who shall misse so noble and so worthie a ruler and magistrate that bore them so great affection so readie to benefit all and hurt none and for the high calling he was of so able to pleasure and to doo good although I saie this countrie by the death of this noble earle is most earnestlie eâ—â—ectuallie cited to appéere before the Lord and to fall to a reckoning yet doo I beléeue that the queenes maiestie hir highnesse councell and all the nobilitie of the realme may hereby receiue admonition and cause of further circumspection and aduigilancie For such valiant and couragious noble men are the bulworks and walles of defense of the whole realme They saie the realme is walled about bicause it is inuironed with the sea but I hold rather with their iudgements that make the fidelitie and true harts of the subiects and especiallie of such of the nobilitie that haue made themselues by Gods especiall grace expert to gouerne and rule vnder hir maiestie aswell in warre as peace the strong towers of defense both of hir maiestie and hir highnesse realme This noble earle was one of these number for I beléeue there is no prince in the world that had a more faithfull noble subiect than hir maiestie had of him in his time And for the notable valiantnesse experience and vertues that were in him I am persuaded that hir maiestie if he had liued might haue vsed his seruice to be a terrour to all enimies forren or domesticall And now that I may speake somewhat of his great nobilitie his excellent vertuous and worthie qualities first I thinke I may saie thus much in a generalitie that it was easie for a man of any iudgement that should behold his countenance and behauiour to find in him nobilitie maiestie and honor planted by the especiall gift of God euen from his mothers wombe When I consider the nature of nobilitie with the causes efficient and finall it séemeth vnto me that nobilitie may be compared vnto a riuer or a floud which in the originall issueth out of foure principall wels and all the foure rise out from the compasse of one hill The welles of nobilitie are prudence fortitude iustice and temperance the hill whence they spring is the feare of God or true religion Although this worthie earle by progenie was of noble bloud whose ancestors were of great honour which of it selfe if a man degenerat not too far from his forefathers deserueth honorable acceptation in this world yet was he not therewith satisfied as it may appéere by his studie and trauell in his life time for he séemed to be of that iudgement that Alphonsus king of Aragon of whome we read in stories was of When a certeine man tooke in hand to set out the land and praise of his nobilitie he stood much in recitall that he was a king a kings sonne a kings nephue a kings brother and such like titles The king interrupting his tale answered that he neuer estéemed much of that kind of glorie and that it was the praise and commendation of his ancestors who by vertue and worthie qualities had deserued such high callings and honour and not of him and that his praise stood not in that which might fall vnto him by testament but in the imitation and performing of the noble acts prowesse and valiantnesse of his forefathers This noble earle likewise not answered to his expectation in that he was a noble man by bloud and inheritance gaue himselfe wholie all the daies of his life to purchase and win the nobilitie that springeth immediatlie from the verie originall founteins of the same as parâ—lie I will put you in remembrance of We will begin with prudence which may be thus defined Prudence is a power or facultie of the mind giuen of God whereby man is made wise prouident and circumspect and whereby man atteineth knowledge cunning and expertnesse in all matters that the children
obiecta mille iam mortibus territa in tutelam salutémque animi iuxta ac corporis recipere ac protegere Ob haec singularia tua in nos pietatis beneficia quòd sub tutore optimo magistratu in hac tua Nordouicensi vrbe quam maiestas tua nobis ob Christi religionem exulantibus domicilij loco clementer concessit viuimus line 60 adde quòd populi in nos animum fauorabilem experimur inprimis Deo patri Domino vnico seruatori nostro Iesu Christo deinde tibi serenissima regina immortales non quas debemus sed quas possimus agimus gratias Porrò humile quidem vnicum tamen nostrum est votum animi nostri gratitudinem maiestati tuae ostendere Ecce igitur nullum munus sed animum nostrum nullum regium splendorem sed pietatis posteritatÃsque monumentum serenissimae tuae maiestati consecratum Hoc autem eo gratius maiestati tuaefore confidimus quòd ex inculpatipijssimÃque Iosephi historia Dei erga maiestatem tuam bonitas ad viuum sit delineata quem nulla astutia nullum robur nulla denique regnandi libido sed fides constans christiani pectoris pietas coelestÃsque virtus singulari Dei fauore ex sanguinaria fratrum conspiratione mortÃsque metu ad summam dignitatem regnÃque decus euexeâ—unt In huius fratres non aliena videtur prouerbialâ—s illa apud Hebraeos sententia Inuidia malarum rerum appetitus studium vanae gloriae hominibus saepissimè occasio sunt sui interitus Tamen quòd Iosephi animum attinet ea fuit praeditus temperantia fortitudine vt nimis iniquus simul prauus censeri posset qui eum vel minimo vindicandi affectu accusare velit adeò Dei prouidentiae se omne vitae suae studium vitae inquam in alieno regno periclitantis commisit vt non aliunde quà m à solo Dei nutu pendêre visus sit Sed quorsum ista In te ne haec ipsa aliáque consimilia ô serenissima regina regni tui ratione omnium oculis conspicua sunt Haec inquam esse ecclesiae Christi foelicissimum gaudium spirituale diadema summum decus huius verò regni verè regium splendorem atque perennem gloriam quis nisimente captus inficias ire potest Pijssimè tu quidem singulari Dei bonitate animum Iosephi tum in regni tui conseruatione tum in regno Christi amplificando imitata es ô nutrix ecclesiae Dei fidelissima solius enim Dei est hunc per res prout hominum oculis sunt subiectae secundas disperdere illum autem per quaeuis teÌ„tationum genera rerúmque discrimina extollere Quos vt vasa suae misericordiae agnoscit ita etiam bonitate spiritus sui tum consolatione tum fortitudine ad aeternae vitae foelicitatem prosequitur Quod nostrum votum ratum esse maiestatem tuam regnÃque ordinem spirituali prudentia ac sapientia stabilire eámque in longam aetatem seruare tuae item maiestatis subditos vera sui cognitione magis ac magis imbuere dignetur bonus ille clemens Deus per meritafilij sui Domini nostri Iesu Christi Amen Regiae maiestati post orationem oblatum est monumentum aliquod in cuius superficie artificiosè sculpta erat historia Iosephi ex lib. Genesios In circumferentia verò hoc carmen Innocuum pietas ad regia sceptra Iosephum Ex manibus fratrum carnificÃsque rapit Carcere insidijs sic te regina tuorum Ereptam duxit culmina ad ista Deus Inscriptio erat in ipsius capacitate scripta in orbem hoc modo Serenissimae Angliae reginae Elisabethae ecclesiae Belgicae Nordouici ob religionem exulaÌ„tes hoc monumentum pietatis posteritatis ergô consecrabant Anno salutis humanae 1578. In interiore ipsius parte erat insigne serpentis in gyrum conuoluti cui media insidebat columba cum hoc Christi elogio Prudens vt serpens simplex vt columba The minister of the Dutch church his oration in English THe oratours most grations queene which liued in the age of them that woone greatest renowme were highlie commended for that they could transforme the iudges minds partlie by eloquence and partlie by setting downe before their eies the calamitie of the thing and person they spake of into what disposition them listed The first part declareth vnto vs no common felicitie of men in that they were so willing in following and attentiue in hearing as they would suffer themselues to be lead by eloquence The last obteined great fauour amongst all nations whose common weale was gouerned in good order and farre greater amongst the christians but greatest of all with thee ô most excellent queene the nursse of Christ his church whose mind obedient to Gods word the spirit of Christ and zeale of godlinesse and not this prophane kind of speech hath instructed The verie calamitie of godlie men and teares of the afflicted the teares I saie of faithfull christians haue thoroughlie mooued thee to defend and protect the miserable and dâ—â—persed members of Christ obiect to euerie kind of iniurie before beaten in peeces by a thousand deaths with the safetie and preseruation as well of mind as bodie For these thy singular benefits of godlinesse towards vs and that we liue vnder so good a tutor being magistrate in this thy citie of Norwich which thy maiestie hath of clemencie granted vnto vs for a mansion place which were banished for Christ his religion and moreouer that we find the minds of the people fauourable towards vs first wee giue immortall thanks not such as wee line 10 ought but such as we are able vnto God the father and the Lord our onelie sauiour Iesus Christ and then vnto thee most mercifull queene Moreouer it is our humble and yet our onelie petition to shew vnto your maiestie the thankefulnesse of our mind Behold therefore dedicated to your most excellent maiestie not anie gift but our mind no princelie iewell but a monument of godlinesse and posteritie The which we hope will be so much the more acceptable to your maiestie for bicause the goodnes line 20 of God towards your maiestie is liuelie drawne out of the historie of the innocent and most godlie Ioseph whom neither policie strength nor desire of bearing rule but constant faith godlinesse of a christian heat and heauenlie vertue by Gods singular mercie deliuered from the bloudie conspiracie of his brethren and feare of death and brought vnto high dignitie roiall kingdome To whose brethren that prouerbiall sentence of the Hebrewes is verie fitlie alluded Enuie being the desire of euill things and line 30 couetousnesse of transitorie renowme is oftentimes the occasion of mans destruction But touching the mind of Ioseph the same was indued with such temperance and fortitude that he might be thought no lesse vniust than wicked that
15 William Warlewast a Norman borne and line 60 chapleine both to the Conqueror and his two sons William and Henrie he was a graue and a wise man and for the same was preferred by Henrie the king to this bishoprike in the yere one thousand one hundred and seuen and was consecrated by Anselmus archbishop of Canturburie in the moneth of August the same yeare He first began to inlarge his church which at that time was no bigger than that which is now called the ladie chappell He founded and builded the monasterie of Plimpton and placed therein regular canons in his latter daies he waxed and became blind And yet notwithstanding for his wisdome the king sent him in ambassage vnto pope Paschalis the second wherein he so wiselie dealed and so discréetlie behaued himselfe in his message that he made a reconciliation betweene the pope and the king and returned with great praise and commendation Not long after his returne and hauing small ioie of the world he gaue ouer his bishoprike and became one of the religious canons in his owne house of Plimpton where he died and was buried he was bishop about twentie yeares 16 Robert Chichester deane of Sarisburie was consecrated bishop vnder Anselmus archbishop of Canturburie Anno 1128 and the eight and twentith yeare of king Henrie the first He was a gentleman borne and therefore estéemed for his zeale in religion wherein he was deuout according to those daies and thinking his labours to be best imploied that waie did eftsoons go in pilgrimage sometime to Rome sometime to one place sometime to another and euer he would bring with him some one relike or other He was a liberall contributor to the buildings of his church In his time was founded and builded the monasterie of S. Stephans in Lanceston and furthered by Reinold erle of Cornewall but vnto it this bishop was an aduersarie not for misliking the worke but for feare of an intrusion vpon his liberties Likewise at this time was builded the priorie of saint Nicholas in Excester by the abbat of Battell vnto which abbeie this priorie was a cell In this mans time also king Henrie made William Rideuers a Norman and his kinsman earle of Deuon and therewith the lordshop of Twifordton and the honor of Plimpton togither with the third pennie of his reuenues in Deuon which in the whole was then thirtie marks whereof this earle had ten Also in this mans time king Henrie died and king Stephan entred and tooke vpon him the crowne whereof insued great warres This bishop after that he had occupied the place two and twentie yeares died and was buried in his owne church But the moonke of Westminster writeth that he should be bishop seuen and twentie yeares and died in the yeere one thousand one hundred fiftie and fiue but he neuer saw the records of this church which are to the contrarie 17 Robert Warlewast nephue to William the bishop of this church deane of Sarisburie was consecrated bishop by Theobaldus archbishop of Canturburie in the yeare one thousand one hundred and fiftie he nothing degenerated from the steps of his predecessors but was altogither of the same bent and disposition In his time king Stephan died and Henrie the second was crowned king This Robert after that he had occupied this sée nine yéers or thereabout died was buried at Plimpton by his vncle 18 Bartholomeus Iscanus otherwise Bartholomew of Excester was consecrated bishop of Excester vnder Theobald archbishop of Canturburie in the yeare a thousand one hundred fiftie nine he was called Iscanus of Isca which is one of the ancientest names of this citie He was a meane citizens son but being verie apt vnto learning his parents and friends kept him to schoole and he so well profited therein that he came and prooued to be a verie well learned man and being bishop he wrote sundrie bookes as of predestination fréewill penance and others Of all men he could not brooke nor fauor Thomas Becket archbishop of Canturburie for his contempt and disobedience against the king for the which he sharplie improoued rebuked and inueighed against him openlie in the parlement house holden at Northampton and with such effectuall reasons and pithie arguments he did so temper the same that the whole parlement relied vnto his iudgement and opinion herein against Thomas Becket And after his death such was the gravitie modestie and wisedome of the man that he was speciallie chosen to be ambassador for the king vnto pope Alexander the third and so wiselie and with such discretion vsed the same that notwithstanding his cause and message had manie aduersaries yet he reconciled the pope and the king obteined the goodwill and fauour of the pope and brought his message to good effect This bishop was in great familiaritie and acquaintance with Baldwin of Excester his countriman line 10 now archbishop of Canturburie who was a poore mans sonne in this citie but for his learning aduanced to this estate In this bishops time about the yeare of our Lord one thousand one hundred thrée score and eight William Fitzralfe a citizen of this citie founded a cell for moonks within this citie and dedicated the same to saint Alexius which not long after was united to saint Iohns within the east gate of the same citie In his time also Reinold of Courtneie a nobleman of Normandie the son of Elorus line 20 the son of Lewes named Lewes le Grosse king of France came into this land and married Hawise daughter and heire to Mawd the daughter and heire to Adelis sister and heire to Richard de Briono the first vicount of Deuon and in hir right was vicount of Deuon This Bartholomew after he had béene bishop about fouretéene yeares in the yere one thousand one hundred eightie and foure died but where he died and where he was buried it dooth not appeere In this bishops time about the yeare one thousand line 30 one hundred and seuentie one Iohannes Coriniensis a Cornish man borne was a famous learned diuine he was a student at Rome and other places in Italie and by that meanes grew into great acquaintance with pope Alexander the third he wrote diuerse bookes and namelie one De incarnatione Christi against Peter Lombard who affirmed Quòd Christus secundum quod homo est aliquid non est and this he dedicated to pope Alexander 19 Iohn the chanter of the cathedrall church of line 40 this citie was consecrated and installed bishop of this church in the yeare one thousand one hundred eightie and foure he was well reported of for his liberalitie in continuing the buildings of this church wherein he was nothing inferior to his predecessors In his time king Henrie Fitzempresse died and he himselfe hauing beene bishop about six yeares died in the yeare of our Lord one thousand one hundred ninetie and one 20 Henrie Marshall archdeacon of Stafford the line 50 brother to Walter earle
victa iacent The one and twentith of Iune in the night the lowest images which were of Christs resurrection of the virgin Marie and of kings and bishops of this realme about the crosse in Cheape being six square on all the sides were broken and defaced where vpon two daies after proclamation was made thorough out the citie that who so would bewraie the dooers thereof should haue fortie crownes for their labour but nothing came to light The seauen and twentith of Iune Thomas Butcher brewer was conuicted in the Guildhall of London for that he as principall and others as accessaries to the number of a thousand persons on the fiue and twentith of Iune last past about ten of the clocke in the night with force of armes in west Smithfield of London other stréets of the citie congregated themselues and with diuerse exclamations prouoked the people in maner of a rebellion contrarie to the peace statutes of the realme On the eight and twentith of Iune the same Thomas Butcher being areigned at the Iustice hall in the old Bailie was found giltie and had iudgement to be whipped on the next market daie from Newgate thorough Smithfield Long lane Aldersgate street saint Martins le grand so thorough the citie to the bars without Aldgate then to be committed to Newgate On the 30 of Iune the same T. Butcher being deliuered vnto Iames Mase and other beadles to haue receiued execution as is aforesaid he being whipped from Newgate into west Smithfield was there rescued taken from the beadles and sent to shift for himselfe abrode for the which fact the one twentith of Iulie William Downe I. Hand T. Harres and T. Appowell thrée shoomakers and a brewer were whipped from Newgate to the middest of Smithfield and there set on the pillorie whereon they stood from ten of the clocke till twelue and from thense againe committed to prison The thirtéenth of Iulie Richard Cox doctor of diuinitie sometime schoolemaister to king Edward the sixt deane of Westminster and of Christs college in Oxenford and of late bishop of Elie deceassed and was buried at Elie whose epitaph alluding to his name and the execution of his charge wherein he was iust hereafter followeth Vita caduca vale salueto vita perennis Corpus terra tegit spiritus alta tenet In terra Christi gallus Christum resonabam Da Christe in coelis te sine fine sonem This yeare were to be séene in London two Dutchmen of strange statures the one in height seauen foot seauen inches in bredth betwixt the shoulders thrée quarters of a yard and an inch the compasse of his brest one yard an halfe and two inches about the wast one yard quarter and one inch the length of his arme to the hand a full yard a comelie man of person but lame of his legs for he had broken them with lifting of a barrell of béere The other was in height but thrée foot had neuer a good foot nor anie knée at all and yet could he danse a galliard line 10 he had no arme but a stumpe to the elbow or little more on the right side on the which singing he would danse a cup and after tosse it about thrée or foure times and euerie time receiue the same on the said stumpe he would shoot an arrow néere to the marke flourish with a rapier throw a bowle beat with an hammar hew with an ax sound a trumpet and drinke enerie daie ten quartes of the best béere if he could get it About the seauenteenth of Iulie I saw these men in the parish of saint Peter vpon line 20 Cornehill the taller sitting on a bench bareheaded the lesser stood on the same bench and hauing on his head a hat with a feather was yet the lower Also the taller man standing on his féet the lesser with his hat feather on his head went vpright betwéene his legs and touched him not The eightéenth of Iulie Euerard Hance alià s Ducket a seminarie priest was in the sessions hall in the old Bailie of London arreigned where he before the quéenes iustices affirmed that himselfe line 30 being now in England was subiect to the pope in ecclesiasticall causes and that the pope hath now the same authoritie here in England that he had an hundred yeares past and which he hath now at Rome with other traitorous spéeches for the which he was condemned to be drawne hanged and quartered and was executed accordinglie on the last of Iulie At the same sessions were brought from the Fléet the Gatehouse Newgate and the Counters sundrie prisoners indicted for refusing to come to church line 40 all which being conuicted by their owne confession had iudgement according to the statute to paie twentie pounds for euery moneth of such wilfull absence from the church The first of Nouember monsieur Francis duke of Aniou the Frencâ— kings brother and other nobles of France hauing latelie arriued in Kent came to London and were honourablie receiued and reteined at the court with banketting and diuerse pleasant shewes and pastimes of whome more hereafter in place conuenient line 50 On mondaie being the twentith of Nouember Edmund Campion Rafe Sherwin Lucas Kerbie Edward Rishton Thomas Cotcham Henrie Orton Robert Iohnson Iames Bosgraue All these before named persons were brought vnto the high barre at Westminster where they were seuerallie and altogither indicted vpon high treason the sum whereof followeth in briefe as thus That these persons contrarie both to loue and dutie for sooke their natiue countrie to liue beyond the seas vnder the line 60 popes obedience as at Rome Rheimes and diuerse other places where the pope hauing with other princes practised the death and depriuation of our most gratious princesse and vtter subuersion of hir seat kingdome to aduance his most abhominable religion these men hauing vowed their allegiance to the pope to obeie him in all causes whatsoeuer being there gaue their consent yea vttermost furtherance they might to aid him in this most traitorous determination And for this intent and purpose they were sent ouer to seduce the hearts of hir maiesties louing subiects and to conspire and practise hir graces death as much as in them laie against a great daie set and appointed when the generall hauocke should be made those onelie reserued that ioined with them This laied to their charge they boldlie and impudentlie denied Wherevpon a iurie was impanelled their owne confessions their owne writings and credible witnesses Vina voce produced to their faces approouing them giltie of the former allegations as hereafter followeth After the indictment was read vnto them and their answer that it was beyond their power to prooue them faultie in such matters so stiffâ—lie they stood in their apparant impudencie first was mooued to them sundrie treasons past attempted against hir maiestie by those of their sect and disposition yet notwithstanding the vttermost of
benefit of soules as he still termed it but he would not grant that he came for anie treason So that to seduce hir maiesties subiects to persuade them from their duetie and obedience and to ioine themselues in such sort as their princesse and countrie must be destroied thereby this is no treason in his opinion Howbeit Campion and his fellowes pleaded ignorance still they saw and would not sée they were so craftilie schooled Iames Bosgraue he was at Uilna in Polonia and as he confessed line 50 himselfe he vnderstood that there was préests appointed for England vpon which report he came awaie from thense in verie great hast And in his passage he mentioned to one in the ship who was sworne and confessed the same before certeine iustices that there was such matter towards in England as hath béene before expressed and therevpon he sought to haue woone him if his purpose could haue taken effect Campion seeing this begun somewhat to touch the quicke and that in truth it discouered line 60 the dealings of them all he taketh vpon him to answer on his behalfe for that they all reposed themselues on him He saith that if Bosgraue did heare such news that there were papists appointed for England whie should they take hold on so small a cause Flieng reports are not to be credited for albeit he heard such newes how knew he if they were certeine or no Againe quoth he the man hath beene long out of England and he doth not speake English perfectlie it maie be then that some word maie escape him vnawares which you are not to build vpon considering the defect of the man for he maie peraduenture speake he knoweth not what And where you saie that such a one hath auouched before certeine iustices that he vsed such and such words to him where is the man we are not to credit a written paper what know we if it be true or no Let vs heare him selfe saie so and then we will beléeue it Sée what a number of shifts he had cōtinuallie to wast the time and all to no pupose The mans owne confession was there wherto himselfe had subscribed and foure or fiue iustices set their hands to it for the certeintie thereof yet this was not sufficient to answer them Robert Iohnson he was likewise at Auinion in France from whense he came also in verie great hast vpon the report he had heard of priests that were appointed for England Now there is an other thing to be considered that these men setled where they were by their owne confession they must not depart from thense without they be appointed by their superiors then it is easie to be answered that they came by their superiors apointment at this present and as the generall determination was so they came all for one cause intent Edward Rishton he being here in England wrote a letter to Richardson a priest and who is likewise condemned amongest them which letter was there openlie read to his face How there were foure goldsmiths of his occupation latelie come ouer who indeed were priests and how all things went successiuelie forwards And Campion being in the Tower wrote a letter vnto Pownd likewise wherein he gaue him to vnderstand that he was verie sorie that through his frailtie he had bewraied those at whose houses he had béene so fréendlie interteined wherefore he asked God hartilie forgiuenesse and them all whome he had so highlie offended But saith he as for the chiefe matter that is as yet vnreuealed and come racke come rope neuer shall that be discouered A number of matters more were brought against them which to rehearse would require a farre more large discourse but to be bréefe in the end this was the full and certeine issue That these men when they were beyond the seas the generall agréement and determination amongest them was to worke the death of our most gratious princesse to destroie hir dominion and to erect such as pleased them when this aforesaid daie should take effect And that their comming ouer was to seduce hir louing subiects to win their obedient hearts from hir so that they should be in a readinesse to ioine with a foren power and so they should likewise be destroiers of their princesse and countrie And that in the meane while they themselues sought to accomplish hir maiesties death so much as in them laie This was manifestlie prooued by verie large and ample euidence credible witnesses and their owne confessions and writings whereon the iurie hauing wiselie and discreetlie pondered and searched and séene into the depth of euerie cause worthilie and deseruedlie gaue them vp all guiltie of the treasons whereof they were indicted and arreigned Which being doone after a godlie and comfortable exhortation persuading them patientlie to suffer and abide the death for them appointed and to be heartilie sorie for their greeuous and hainous offenses the sentence of death was pronounced on them that they should depart to the places from whense they came and from thense to be drawne on hurdles to the place of execution where they should he hanged till they were halfe dead then to be cut downe their priuie members to be cut off and their entrailes taken forth and to be burned in the fire before their eies then their heads to be cut off their bodies parted into foure quarters to be disposed at hir maiesties pleasure and the Lord God to receiue their soules to his mercie Afterwards they were conueied from thense with botes to a place of landing for them appointed from whense they were conducted to the Tower of London diuers of them giuing foorth sundrie lewd and dishonest spéeches as Thomas Coteham seeing so manie people to behold them desired that fire and brimstone might fall from heauen to destroie both the citie and all that were in it with diuerse other wicked words which for modesties sake I omit here to rehearse desiring God in mercie to giue men better grace On the next daie being tuesdaie and the one and twentith daie of Nouember there was brought to the said high barre these persons following Iohn Hart Thomas Foord William Filbie Laurence Richardson Iohn Shert Alexander Brian and Iohn Collington Alexander Brian he had shauen his crowne himselfe made him a crosse of a peece of a trencher which he held in his hand openlie praied to which when he was rebuked for he boldlie and stoutlie made answer that his crowne was of his owne shauing and he had good hope to doo it againe line 20 In breefe they were all indicted on the selfe same treasons as they were the daie before and Iohn Harts traitorous sermon which he made at Rhems against hir maiestie auouched to his face their owne writings and confessions with substantiall witnesse produced against them so that they were found giltie of their treasons as the other were before them except Iohn Collington he was quit of the former
notwithstanding anie thing that anie pope could saie or doo to the contrarie Where to he answered I haue not offended hir maiestie but if I haue I aske hir forgiuenesse and all the world and in no other treson haue I offended than my religion which is the catholike faith wherein I will liue and die And as for the queenes maiestie I doo acknowledge hir supremasie in all things temporall line 10 but as concerning ecclesiasticall causes I denie hir that onelie belongeth to the vicar of Christ the pope In briefe he granted to nothing but shewed himselfe an impious and obstinat traitor and so he remained to the death refusing to praie in the English toong mumbling a few Latine praiers desiring those that were Ex domo Dei to praie with him so he died In the meane time that hehanged which was till he was dead so great is the mercie of our gratious princesse Iohn Shert was brought from off the line 20 hurdle to the gallowes where seeing Foord hanging he began with holding vp his hands as the papists are woont to doo before their images O sweet Tom O happie Tom O blessed Tom. Then being staied Foord was cut downe caried to the place where his bodie should be quartered In which time Shert was brought vp into the cart where looking towards the dead bodie of Foord he fell downe on his knées and held vp his hands vnto it saieng againe O happie line 30 Tom O blessed Tom thy swéet soule praie for me O deare Tom thy blessed soule praie for me For which words being rebuked the executioner lifted him vp on his féet when as he prepared him to his confession saieng I am brought hither to this place to die a death which is both shamefull ignominious for which I thanke thée my Lord God who framing me to thine owne similitude and likenesse hast blessed me to this good end There being staied because he seemed to prolong the time to small purpose the line 40 shiriffe willed him to remember himselfe for what cause he was come thither how he had offended the queenes maiestie and that he was now to aske hir forgiuenesse Besides he might receiue hir princelie mercie whereto with an hypocriticall outward boldnesse but an inward fainting feare as afterward euerie one plainelie beheld he gaue this answer What maister shiriffe shall I saue this fraile and vile carcasse and damne mine owne soule No no I am a catholike in that faith I was borne in that faith will I die and here shall my bloud seale it line 50 Then maister shiriffe spake vnto him saieng By the waie as we came you swore an oth for which you willed me to beare witnesse that you were heartilie sorie now I praie you let me be a witnesse that you are heartilie sorie for offending the quéens maiestie Whie sir quoth he I haue not offended hir without it be in my religion and if I haue offended hir then I aske hir forgiuenesse Maister shiriffe vpon this said vnto him Is this the fruit of your religion to kneele to the dead bodie of thy fellow and to desire line 60 his soule to praie for thée Alas what can it either profit or hinder thée Praie thou to God and he will helpe thée Maister shiriffe quoth Shert this is the true catholike religion and whosoeuer is not of it is damned I desire his soule to praie for me the most glorious virgin Marie to praie for me and all the holie companie of heauen to praie for me At which words the people cried Awaie with the traitor hang hâ—m hang him O Shert quoth maister shiriffe forsake that whoore of Rome that wicked Antichrist with all his abhominable blasphemies and treacheries and put thy whole confidence in Iesus Christ. Whereto he answered O maister shiriffe you little remember the daie when as you I shall stand both at one barre and I come as witnesse against you that you called that holie and blessed vicar of Christ the whoore of Rome At which words the people cried againe Hang him hang him awaie with him Then he beganne his Pater noster in Latine and before he had fullie ended two petitions of it he fell into the Créed and then to the Pater noster againe afterward he said the Aue Maria which doone knocking himselfe on the breast saieng Iesus esto mihi Iesus the cart was drawen awaie and he committed to the mercie of God But then to manifest that his former boldnesse was but méere dissembling and hypocrisie he lifted vp his hands and caught hold on the halter so that euerie one perceiued his faire outward shew and his foule inward disfigured nature also how loth he was and vnwilling to die Whereby he shewed that he was not indued with the audacitie and stout resolution of the heathen who for morall vertues sake cast themselues into dangers manie times deadlie holding opinion that he beareth but a counterfeit shew of vertue that shrinketh at anie torment at anie hazard at anie death therefore said virtus Per scopulos durum fortis anhelat iter Robert Iohnson being brought vp into the cart maister shiriffe according as he had before both declared vnto him hir maiesties mercie if he would repent and also willed him to be sorie for his offenses against hir whereof he séemed to make small estimation denieng the treasons according as the others had doone and appealing likewise vpon his religion Then was the writer hereof called foorth who gaue him to vnderstand how notablie he was approoued guiltie at his arreignment euerie matter sufficientlie handled how according as the rest were he was confounded to his face Wherevnto he would make no other answer but said Well well quoth he calling the partie by his name God forgiue the. Then were his answers read vnto him as they had béen before to the other two he not yéelding deniall but said he spake them would doo it againe Then was Athanasius Creed mooued to him which he granted to be the catholike faith whereof the pope was vicar and that there was no other catholike faith but onelie his Whie quoth the preacher the pope is not named in it I know not that quoth he againe I haue not read it Then maister shiriffe desired him to saie his praiers in English and he with all the companie would praie with him which he refusing to doo in his Latine praiers the cart was drawne awaie and he committed to Gods mercie And thus was iustice ministred and that execution to Gods glorie the ease of the common wealths gréefe dispatched On the wednesdaie following which was the thirtith daie of Maie in the same maner as I haue before expressed Luke Kirbie William Filbie Thomas Coteham Laurence Richardson were committed from the tower of London to the place of execution and as the other were on the mondaie before associated and accompanied with diuerse learned and godlie preachers
these sort are for their contrarie opinions in religion prosecuted or charged with anie crimes or paines of treason nor yet willinglie searched in their consciences for their contrarie opinions that sauour not of treason And of these sorts there haue béene and are a number of persons not of such base and vulgar note as those which of late haue beene executed as in particular some by name are well knowne and not vnfit to be remembred The first and chiefest by office was doctor Heth that was archbishop of Yorke and lord chancellor of England in quéene Maries time who at the first comming of hir maiestie to the crowne shewing himselfe a faithfull and quiet subiect continued in both the said offices though in religion then manifestlie differing and yet was he not restreined of his libertie nor depriued of his proper lands and goods but leauing willinglie both his offices liued in his owne house verie discréetlie and inioied all his purchased lands during all his naturall life vntill by verie age he departed this world and then left his house and liuing to his friends An example of gentlenesse neuer matched in quéene Maries time The like did one doctor Poole that had béene bishop of Peterborough an ancient graue person and a verie quiet subiect There were also others that had béene bishops and in great estimation as doctor Tunstall bishop of Duresme a person of great reputation and also whilest he liued of verie quiet behauiour There were also other as doctor White doctor Oglethorpe the one of Winchester the other of Carlill bishops persons of courteous natures and he of Carlill so inclined to dutifulnes to the quéenes maiestie as he did the office at the consecration and coronation of hir maiestie in the church of Westminster and doctor Thurlebie doctor Watson yet liuing one of Elie the other of Lincolne bishops the one of nature affable the other altogither sowre and yet liuing Whereto may be added the bishop then of Excester Turberuile an honest gentleman but a simple bishop who liued at his owne libertie to the end of his life and none of all these pressed with anie capitall paine though they mainteined the popes authoritie against the lawes of the realme And some abbats as maister Feckenam yet liuing a person also of quiet and courteous behauiour for a great time Some also were deanes as doctor Boxall deane of Windsore a person of great modestie learning and knowledge doctor Cole deane of Paules a person more earnest than discréet doctor Reinolds deane of Excester not vnlearned and manie such others hauing borne office dignities in the church that had made profession against the pope which they onelie began in queene Maries time to change yet were these neuer to this daie burdened with capitall peanes nor yet depriued of line 10 anie their goods or proper liueloods but onelie remoued from their ecclesiasticall offices which they would not exercise according to the lawes And most of them manie other of their sort for a great time were deteined in bishops houses in verie ciuill and courteous maner without charge to themselues or their friends vntill the time that the pope began by his buls messages to offer trouble to the realme by stirring of rebellion About which time onlie some line 20 of these aforenamed being found busier in matters of state tending to stir troubles than was méete for the common quiet of the realme were remoued to other more priuat places where such other wanderers as were men knowne to moue sedition might be restreined from common resorting to them to increase trouble as the popes bull gaue manifest occasion to doubt and yet without charging them in their consciences or otherwise by anie inquisition to bring them into danger of anie capitall law line 30 so as no one was called to anie capitall or bloudie question vpon matters of religion but haue all inioied their life as the course of nature would and such of them as yet remaine may if they will not be authors or instruments of rebellion or sedition inioie the time that God and nature shall yeeld them without danger of life or member And yet it is woorthie to be well marked that the chiefest of all these and the most of them had in time of king Henrie the eight and king Edward the sixt line 40 either by preaching writing reading or arguing taught all people to condemne yea to abhorre the authoritie of the pope for which purpose they had many times giuen their othes publikelie against the popes authoritie and had also yéelded to both the said kings the title of supreame hed of the church of England next vnder Christ which title the aduersaries doo most falselie write and affirme that the quéenes maiestie now vseth a manifest lie vntruth to be séene by the verie acts of parlement and at the beginning of hir reigne omitted in hir stile And for proofe that line 50 these foresaid bishops and learned men had so long time disauowed the popes authoritie manie of their books and sermons against the popes authoritie remaine printed both in English and Latin to be séene in these times to their great shame and reproofe to change so often but speciallie in persecuting such as themselues had taught and stablished to hold the contrarie A sin neere the sin against the holie ghost There were also and yet be a great number of others line 60 being laie men of good possessions and lands men of good credit in their countries manifestlie of late time seduced to hold contrarie opinions in religion for the popes authoritie and yet none of them haue béene sought hitherto to be impeached in anie point or quarell of treason or of losse of life member or inheritance So as it may plainelie appeare that it is not nor hath béene for contrarious opinions in religion or for the popes authoritie alone as the aduersaries doo boldlie and falslie publish that anie persons haue suffered death since hir maiesties reigne And yet some of these sort are well knowne to hold opinion that the pope ought by authoritie of Gods word to be supreame and onelie head of the catholike church through the whole world and onelie to rule in all causes ecclesiasticall and that the quéenes maiestie ought not to be the gouernour ouer anie hir subiects in hir realme being persons ecclesiasticall which opinions are neuerthelesse in some part by the lawes of the realme punishable in their degrées And yet for none of these points haue anie persons béene prosecuted with the charge of treason or in danger of life And if then it be inquired for what cause these others haue of late suffered death it is trulie to be answered as afore is often remembred that none at all were impeached for treason to the danger of their life but such as did obstinatlie mainteine the contents of the popes bull afore mentioned which doo import that hir maiestie is not
Lord 1555 where great destruction was made by the said armie and all the delicat buildings gardens and orchards next to Rome walles ouerthrowne wherewith his holinesse was more terrified line 60 than he was able to remooue with anie his cursses Neither was quéene Marie the quéenes maiesties noble late sister a person not a little deuoted to the Romane religion so afraid of the popes curssings but that both shée and hir whole councell and that with the assent of all the iudges of the realme according to the ancient lawes in fauour of cardinall Poole hir kinsman did most strictlie forbid the entrie of his bulles and of a cardinals hat at Calis that was sent from the pope for one frier Peito an obseruant pleasant frier whom the pope had assigned to be a cardinall in disgrace of cardinall Poole neither did cardinall Poole himselfe at the same time obeie the popes commandements nor shewed himselfe afraid being assisted by the quéene when the pope did threaten him with paine of cursses and excommunications but did still oppose himselfe against the popes commandement for the said pretended cardinall Peito who notwithstanding all the threatenings of the pope was forced to go vp and downe in the stréets of London like a begging frier without his red hat a shout resistance in a quéene for a poore cardinals 〈◊〉 wherin she followed the example of hir grandfather king Henrie the seuenth for a matter of Allum wherein the king vsed verie great seueritie against the pope So as howâ—oeuer the christian kings for some respects in policie can indure the pope to command where no harme nor disaduantage groweth to themselues yet surâ— it is and the popes are not ignorant but where they shall in anie sort attempt to take from christian princes anie part of their dominions or shall giue aid to their enimies or to anie other their rebels in those cases their bulles their curses their excommunications their sentences and most solemne anathematicals no nor their crosse keies or double edged sword will serue their turnes to compasse their intentions And now where the pope hath manifestlie by his bulles and excommunications attempted asmuch as he could to depriue hir maiestie of hir kingdomes to withdraw from hir the obedience of hir subiects to procure rebellions in hir realms yea to make both rebellions and open warres with his owne capteines souldiers banners ensignes and all other things belonging to warre shall this pope Gregorie or anie other pope after him thinke that a souereigne quéene possessed of the two realmes of England and Ireland stablished so manie yeares in hir kingdomes as thrée or foure popes haue sit in their chaire at Rome fortified with so much dutie loue and strength of hir subiects acknowledging no superiour ouer hir realms but the mightie hand of God shall she forbeare or feare to withstand and make frustrate his vnlawfull attempts either by hir sword or by hir lawes or to put his soldiers inuadors of hir realme to the sword martiallie or to execute hir lawes vpon hir owne rebellious subiects ciuillie that are prooued to be his chiefe instruments for rebellion for his open war This is sure that howsoeuer either he sitting in his chaire with a triple crowne at Rome or anie other his proctors in anie part of christendome shall renew these vnlawfull attempts almightie God the king of kings whom hir maiestie onlie honoreth and acknowledgeth to be hir onlie souereigne Lord and protector whose lawes and gospell of his son Iesus Christ she seeketh to defend will no doubt but deliuer sufficient power into his maidens hand his seruant quéene Elisabeth to withstand and confound them all And where the seditious trumpetors of infamies lies haue sounded foorth and intituled certeine that haue suffered for treason to be martyrs for religion so may they also at this time if they list ad to their forged catalog the headlesse bodie of the late miserable earle of Desmond the head of the Irish rebellion who of late secretlie wandering without succour as a miserable begger was taken by one of the Irishrie in his caben and in an Irish sort after his owne accustomed sauage maner his head cut off from his bodie an end due to such an archrebell And herewith to remember the end of his chiefe confederats may be noted for example to others the strange manner of the death of doctor Sanders the popes Irish legat who also wandering in the mountains in Ireland without succor died rauing in a frensie And before him one Iames Fitzmoris the first traitour of Ireland next to Stukeleie the rakehell a man not vnknowen in the popes palace for a wicked craftie traitor was slaine at one blow by an Irish noble yoong gentleman in defense of his fathers countrie which the traitor sought to burne A fourth man of singular note was Iohn of Desmond brother to the earle a verie bloudie faithlesse traitor a notable murderer of his familiar friends who also wandring to séeke some preie like a woolfe in the woods was taken beheaded after his owne vsage being as he thought sufficientlie armed with line 10 the popes buls and certeine Agnus Dei one notable ring with a pretious stone about his necke sent from the popes finger as it was said but these he saw saued not his life And such were the fatall ends of all these being the principall heads of the Irish warre and rebellion so as no one person remaineth at this daie in Ireland a knowen traitor a worke of God and not of man To this number they may if they séeke number also ad a furious yoong man of Warwikeshire by line 20 name Someruile to increase their kalendar of the popes martyrs who of late was discouered and taken in his waie comming with a full intent to haue killed hir maiestie whose life God alwaies haue in his custodie The attempt not denied by the traitor himselfe but confessed and that he was mooued therto in his wicked spirit by intisements of certeine seditious and traitorous persons his kinsmen and alies also by often reading of sundrie seditious vile bookes latelie published against hir maiestie and his line 30 end was in desperation to strangle himselfe to deth an example of Gods seueritie against such as presume to offer violence to his anointed But as God of his goodnesse hath of long time hitherto preserued hir maiestie from these and the like treacheries so hath she no cause to feare being vnder his protection she saieng with king Dauid in the psalme My God is my helper and I will trust in him he is my protection and the strength or the power of my saluation And for the more comfort of all good subiects line 40 against the shadowes of the popes bulles it is manifest to the world that from the beginning of hir maiesties reigne by Gods singular goodnesse hir kingdome hath inioied more vniuersall peace hir people
deliuered in the Star-chamber and after published in a booke intituled A true and summarie report of the declaration of some part of the earle of Northumberlands treasons deliuered publikelie in the court at the Starchamber by the lord Chancellor and others of hir maiesties most honorable priuie councell councell learned by hir maiesties speciall commandement togither with the examinations depositions of sundrie persons touching the maner of his most wicked and violent murther committed vpon himselfe with his owne hand in the Tower of London the 20 daie of Iune 1585. MAlice among other essentiall properties perteining to hir ouglie nature hath this one not inferior to the rest and the woorst incredulitie wherewith the commonlie possesseth the minds and affections of all those that are infected with hir so blinding the eies iudgement of the best and clearest sighted that they cannot see or perceiue the bright beames of the truth although the same be deliuered with neuer so great puritie proofe circumstance and probabilitie It is said that no truth passeth abroad vnaccompanied with hir contrarie and as they go truth is euer constreined to yeeld the precedence and preheminence to hir yokefellow falshood whose lodging is alwaies first made and prepared without a harbenger in the corrupt nature of mankind by whome she is first receiued interteined and harbored at all times wherof in our dailie experience there happen manie and dangerous demonstrations especiallie in matters of the highest moment tending to excuse or accuse the actions of the greatest personages There was of late deliuered in publike by persons of honour credit and reputation a large declaration of certeine treasons practised by the late earle of Northumberland of the maner of his vntimelie death being with his owne hand murthered in the Tower and of the causes that wrought him therevnto The particularities whereof are such and so manie as for the helpe of my memorie comming then to the Starchamber by occasion and not looking for anie such presence of the nobilitie and priuie councell as I found there at that time and not looking for anie such cause of that nature to haue béene handled there that daie I tooke notes of the seuerall matters declared by the lord chancellor maister attourneie and solicitor generall the lord chiefe baron and maister vicechamberlaine for as I remember they spake in order as they are here marshalled and therefore I place them in this sort and not according to their precedence in dignitie Upon the hearing of the treasons with their proofs and circumstances and the desperat maner of the earles destruction deliuered in that place and by persons of that qualitie I supposed no man to line 10 haue beene so void of iudgement or the vse of common reason that would haue doubted of anie one point or particle thereof vntill it was my chance falling in companie with diuerse persons at sundrie times as well about the citie of London as abroad to heare manie men report variablie and corruptlie of the maner and matter of this publike declaration possessing the minds and opinions of the people with manifest vntruths as that the earle had béene vniustlie deteined in prison without proofe or line 20 iust cause of suspicion of treason and that he had beene murthered by deuise and practise of some great enimies and not destroied by himselfe These slanderous reports haue ministred vnto me this occasion to set forth vnto thy view and consideration gentle reader this short collection of the said treasons and murther as neere vnto the truth as my notes taken may lead and permit me with the view of some of the examinations them selues concerning this cause for my better satisfaction since obteined Which I line 30 haue vndertaken for two respects the one to conuince the false and malicious impressions and constructions receiued and made of these actions by such as are in heart enimies to the happie estate of hir maiesties present gouernement the other because it may be thought necessarie for the preuenting of a further contagion like to grow by this créeping infection in the minds of such as are apt though otherwise indifferent in these and the like rumors to receiue the bad as the good and they the most in number Wherein if I haue séemed more bold than line 40 wise or intermedled my selfe in matters aboue my reach and not apperteining vnto me I craue pardon where it is to be asked and commit my selfe to thy friendlie interpretation to be made of my simple trauell and dutifull meaning herein Upon the three and twentith daie of Iune last assembled in the court of Starchamber sir Thomas Bromleie knight lord chancellor of England William lord Burleigh lord treasuror of England line 50 George earle of Shrewsburie lord marshall of England Henrie earle of Derbie Robert earle of Leicester Charles lord Howard of Effingham lord chamberlaine Henrie lord Hunsdon lord gouernor of Berwike sir Francis Knollis knight treasuror sir Iames Croft knight comptrollor of hir maiesties houshold sir Christopher Hatton knight vice-chamberlaine to the quéenes maiestie the lord chiefe iustice of hir maiesties bench the maister of the rolles and the lord chiefe baron of the excheker line 60 and others The audience verie great of knights esquiers and men of other qualitie the lord chancellor began briefelie and summarilie to declare that whereas Henrie late earle of Northumberland for diuerse notable treasons and practises by him taken in hand to the danger not onelie of hir maiesties roiall person but to the perill of the whole realme had béene long deteined in prison and looking into the guilt of his owne conscience and perceiuing by such meanes of intelligence as he by corrupting of his keepers and other like deuises had obteined that his treasons were by sundrie examinations and confessions discouered grew thereby into such a desperat estate as that therevpon he had most wickedlie destroied murthered himselfe Which being made knowen to the lords of hir maiestees priuie councell order was therevpon taken and direction giuen to the lord chiefe iustice of England the maister of the rolles and the lord chiefe baron of the eâ—cheker to examine the maner and circumstances of his death which they with all good indeuor and diligence had accordinglie performed And least through the sinister meanes of such persons as be euill affected to the present estate of hir maiesties gouernement some bad and vntrue conceipts might be had as well of the cause of the earles deteinement as of the maner of his death it was therefore thought necessarie to haue the truth thereof made knowen in that presence and then he required hir maiesties learned councell there present to deliuer at large the particularities both of the treasons and in what sort the earle had murthered himselfe Then began Iohn Popham esquier hir maiesties attourneie generall as followeth The earle of Northumberland about the time of the last rebellion in the north in
in roialtie adorned with crowne and scepter to the sucking babe lieng in the cradle wrapped in swathing clouts Which extremities of butcherlie crueltie and vnnaturall sauagenesse haue had an ancient purpose of practise as maie appeare by a clause or two of Iohn Nichols his recantation where speaking of Pius Quintus excommunicating our liege souereigne he saith that the same was within a twelue moneth of the first publication reuiued and fiue hundred copies printed at Rome which were dispersed throughout Italie Spaine Germanie Whereof what were the contents is at large set downe in the treatise of execution of iustice in England for treason not for religion But thus saith the same conuert that a reader of diuinitie positiue in the hearing of two hundred scholers vomited these prophane words out of his vncircumcised mouth that it was lawfull for anie of worship in England to authorise the vilest wretch that is to séeke the death of hir highnesse whose prosperous estate the Italish préest and Spanish prince doo so maligne that they would worke woonders were it not for certeine impedits as father Pais a Spaniard reader of diuinitie scholasticall in the Romane college affirmed in an auditorie of thrée hundred saieng Bona papae voluntas trita manifesta est eius crumena parata sed R. P. aut metus subtrahit aut potestatis defectus vetat vt suum in Angliam exercitum ducere non audeat Where by the waie would be noted an inuasion long since pretended And that the quéens maiesties estate was then maliciouslie aimed at maie appeare by these comminations and threats that they would burne hir bones and the bones of all such as loued hir either aliue or dead of whome some were lords temporall some spirituall c. Memorandum that this was to be doone when they held the sterne of gouernement which shall be when errant traitors are good subiects and ranke knaues honest men And now to touch the punishment inflicted vpon the foresaid wretches there is none if he be not a sworne aduersarie to the state and an enimie to iustice but must néeds confesse that although some of the conspirators were no lesse sharpelie executed than by law was censured yet considering the qualitie of their offense it was a death tempered with lenitie if no more but the spéedines of their execution be considered whereby their paine and smart was but momentanie Oh with what seueritie did the ancients punish offenses of this nature And not without cause For besides that nothing is more vsuall in all the whole scriptures than prohibition to kill or to séeke the life or honor not onelie of the prince but also of inferior magistrats although they be wicked and it is said in Exodus Thou shalt not raile vpon the iudges neither speake euill of the ruler of the people so is it prouided by the laws of nations that not onelie he that hath killed his souereigne but he also that made the attempt that gaue counsell that yeelded consent that conceiued the thought is giltie of high treason Yea he that was neuer preuented nor taken in the maner in this point of the souereigne the law accounteth him as condemned alreadie and iudgeth him capable of death that thought once in times past to haue seized vpon the life of his prince anie repentance that followed notwithstanding And trulie there was a gentleman of Normandie who confessed to a Franciscane frier that he once minded to haue killed king Francis the first but repented him of that euill thought The frier gaue him absolution but yet afterwards informed the king of the same who sent the gentleman to the parlement at Paris there to be tried where he was by common consent condemned to die and after executed Amongst the Macedonians there was a law that condemned to death fiue of their next kinsfolks that were conuicted of conspiracie against their prince And most notable is the historie of Romilda who seeing hir towne or citie besieged by a barbarous king but yet youthfull and wanton she signified vnto the enimie by messengers that she would betraie the citizens into his hands if he would honour hir with mariage Which when the king had promised to doo she in the night season opened the gates and the people vnwitting and ignorant let in forren force Now the king being entered in possession commanded that the towne should be sacked and all the people slaughtered Romilda excepted the vse of whose bodie for his oth sake which he was loth to violat he had the same night as in wedlocke howbeit the next daie he cast hir off and betooke hir to twelue scullions by turns to be abused lastlie pitcht hir vpon a stake line 10 Here you haue examples in both sexes man and woman of treason and conspiracie most seuerelie executed which if they be compared vnto the sufferings of our late offendors Iesu what ods shall we sée and confesse And as the ancients had treason in mortall hatred so could they not awaie with ingratitude as maie be obserued by the laws of Draco which were said to be written in bloud they were so sharpe and peremptorie amongst which there was a commandement that if anie man had line 20 receiued a benefit of his neighbor and it were prooued against him long after that he had beene vnthankefull for it and had ill acknowledged the good turne receiued such a one should be put to death So then we sée how in old time they opposed their affections against particular vices persecuting them with seueritie as laboring to supplant them this age of ours beholdeth ingratitude and treason combined with a fowle nest of other irkesome and noisome sins in the hearts of helbounds for we line 30 maie not vouchsafe them the name of men breathing out the vapors of their venemous infection to the damnifieng of the whole commonwelth what fauour then deserue such to find where they haue offended or rather what rigor are they not worthie to suffer Among the Locrians there was a strict decrée that euerie citizen desirous to bring in a new law should come and declare it publikelie before the people with a halter about his necke to the end that line 40 if his new law was not thought méet to be receiued and verie profitable for the commonwelth he might presentlie be strangled with the same rope If they in old time went so short a waie to worke in a case of vnaduisednesse to teach others that they vndertake nothing without mature deliberation what are we taught to be conuenient for such as breake not their wits either to deuise or prefer new laws but indeuor what they can to dissolue all law and order all peace and societie all gouernment and line 50 subiection and by the impulsion of a furious mind to let in libertie contempt and all the enormities and abuses that accompanie a licentious life To let passe the pluralitie of examples
of a marriage that gaue suspicion of treason against him Herein we your maiesties most louing and obedient subiects earnestlie depend vpon your princelie resolution which we assure our selues shall be to God most acceptable and line 40 to vs no other than the state of your regall authoritie maie affoord vs and the approoued arguments of your tender care for our safetie vnder your charge dooth promise to our expectation A REPORT OF HIR MAIESTIES most gratious answer deliuered by hir selfe verballie to the first petitions of the lords and commons being the estates of parlement in hir chamber of presence at Richmond the twelfe daie of line 50 Nouember 1586 at the full almost of eight and twentie yeares of hir reigne Whereof the reporter requireth of all that were hearers a fauorable interpretation of his intent because he findeth that he can not expresse the same answerable to the originall which the learned call Prototypon THe bottomlesse graces and immesurable benefits bestowed vpon me by the almightie are and haue béene such as I must not onelie acknowledge them but line 60 admire them accounting them as well miracles as benefits not so much in respect of his diuine maiestie with whome nothing is more common than to doo things rare and singular as in regard of our weakenesse who can not sufficientlie set foorth his woonderfull works and graces which to me haue béene so manie so diuerselie folded and imbroidered one vpon another as in no sort I am able to expresse them And although there liueth not anie that maie more iustlie acknowledge themselues infinitelie bound vnto God than I whose life he hath miraculouslie preserued at sundrie times beyond my merit from a multitude of perils dangers yet is not that the cause for which I count my selfe the deepeliest bound to giue him my humblest thanks or to yéeld him greatest recognition but this which I shall tell you hereafter which will deserue the name of woonder if rare things and seldome séene be worthie of account Euen this it is that as I came to the crowne with the willing hearts of my subiects so doo I now after eight and twentie yeares reigne perceiue in you no diminution of good wils which if happilie I should want well might I breath but neuer thinke I liued And now albeit I find my life hath béene full dangerouslie sought and death contriued by such as no desert procured yet am I therein so cleare from malice which hath the propertie to make men glad at the fals and faults of their foes and make them séeme to doo for other causes when rancor is the ground as I protest it is and hath béene my gréeuous thought that one not different in sex of like estate and my neere kin should fall into so great a crime yea I had so little purpose to pursue hir with anie colour of malice that as it is not vnknowen to some of my lords here for now I will plaie the blab I secretlie wrote hir a letter vpon the discouerie of sundrie treasons that if she would confesse them and priuatlie acknowledge them by hir letters to my selfe she neuer should néed be called for them into so publike question Neither did I it of mind to circumuent hir for then I knew as much as she could confesse and so did I write And if euen yet now that the matter is made but too apparant I thought she trulie would repent as perhaps she would easilie appeare in outward shew to doo and that for hir none other would take the matter vpon them or that we were but as two milke maids with pailes vpon our armes or that there were no more dependencie vpon vs but mine owne life were onelie in danger and not the whole estate of your religion and well dooings I protest wherein you maie beléeue me for though I maie haue manie vices I hope I haue not accustomed my toong to be an instrument of vntruth I would most willinglie pardon and remit this offense Or if by my death other nations and kingdoms might trulie saie that this realme had attained an euer prosperous and florishing estate I would I assure you not desire to liue but gladlie giue my life to the end my death might procure you a better prince And for your sakes it is that I desire to liue to kéepe you from a woorse For as for me I assure you I find no great cause I should be fond to liue I take no such pleasure in it that I should much wish it nor conceiue such terror in death that I should greatlie feare it and yet I saie not but if the stroke were comming perchance flesh and bloud would be mooued with it and séeke to shun it I haue had good experience and triall of this world I know what it is to be a subiect what to be a souereigne what to haue good neighbors and sometime méet euill willers I haue found treason in trust séene great benefits little regarded and in stead of gratefulnesse courses of purpose to crosse These former remembrances present féeling and future expectation of euils I saie haue made me thinke An euill is much the better the lesse while it indureth so them happiest that are soonest hense and taught me to beare with a better mind these treasons than is common to my sex yea with a better heart perhaps than is in some men Which I hope you will not meerelie impute to my simplicitie or want of vnderstanding but rather that I thus conceiued that had their purposes taken effect I should not haue found the blow before I had felt it and though my perill should haue béene great my paine should haue béene but small and short wherein as I would be loth to die so bloudie a death so doubt I not but God would haue giuen me grace to be prepared for such an euent chance when it shall which I refer vnto his good pleasure And now as touching their treasons and conspiracies togither with the contriuer of them I will not so preiudicat my selfe and this my realme as to saie line 10 or thinke that I might not without the last statute by the ancient laws of this land haue procéeded against hir which was not made particularlie to preiudice hir though perhaps it might then be suspected in respect of the disposition of such as depend that waie It was so far from being intended to intrap hir that it was rather an admonition to warne the danger thereof but sith it is made and in the force of a law I thought good in that which might concerne hir to proceed according therevnto line 20 rather than by course of common law wherein if you the iudges haue not deceiued me or that the books you brought me were not false which God forbid I might as iustlie haue tried hir by the ancient laws of the land But you lawiers are so nice in sifting and scanning euerie word and letter that manie times you stand more vpon forme
than matter vpon syllables than sense of the law For in the strictnesse exact following of common forme she must haue béene indicted in Staffordshire haue line 30 holden vp hir hand at the barre and beene tried by a iurie a proper course forsooth to deale in that maner with one of hir estate I thought it better therefore for auoiding of these and more absurdities to commit the cause to the inquisition of a good number of the greatest and most noble personages of this realme of the iudges and others of good account whose sentence I must approoue and all little enough For we princes I tell you are set on stages in the sight and view of all the world dulie line 40 obserued the eies of manie behold our actions a spot is soone spied in our garments a blemish quicklie noted in our dooings It behooueth vs therefore to be carefull that our procéedings be iust and honorable But I must tell you one thing more that in this last act of parlement you haue brought me vnto a narrow streict that I must giue direction for hir death which cannot bée to mée but a most gréeuous and irksome burthen And least you line 50 might mistake mine absence from this parlement which I had almost forgotten although there bée no cause whie I should willinglie come amongst multitudes for that amongst manie some maie bee euill yet hath it not béene the doubt of anie such danger or occasion that kept me from thense but onlie the great griefe to heare this cause spoken of especiallie that such a one of state and kin should néed so open a declaration and that this nation should be so spotted with blots of disloialtie line 60 Wherein the lesse is my gréefe for that I hope the better part is mine and those of the woorse not so much to be accounted of for that in séeking my destruction they might haue spoiled their owne souls And euen now could I tell you that which would make you sorie It is a secret and yet I will tell it you although it is knowne I haue the propertie to keepe counsell but too well oftentimes to mine owne perill It is not long since mine eies did sée it written that an oth was taken within few daies either to kill me or to be hanged themselues and that to be performed yer one moneth were ended Hereby I see your danger in me and neither can nor will be so vnthankefull or carelesse of your consciences as not prouide for your safetie I am not vnmindfull of your oth made in the association manifesting your great good wils and affections taken and entered into vpon good conscience and true knowledge of the guilt for safetie of my person and conseruation of my life doone I protest to God before I heard it or euer thought of such a matter vntill a great number of hands with manie obligations were shewed me at Hampton court signed and subscribed with the names and seales of the greatest of this land Which as I doo acknowledge as a perfect argument of your true hearts and great zeale to my safetie so shall my bond be stronger tied to greater care for all your good But for as much as this matter is rare weightie and of great consequence I thinke you doo not looke for anie present resolution the rather for that as it is not my maner in matters of far lesse moment to giue spéedie answer without due consideration so in this of such importance I thinke it verie requisit with earnest praier to beséech his diuine maiestie so to illuminat my vnderstanding and inspire me with his grace as I maie doo and determine that which shall serue to the establishment of his church preseruation of your estates and prosperitie of this common wealth vnder my charge Wherein for that I know delaie is dangerous you shall haue with all conueniencie our resolution deliuered by our message And what euer anie prince maie merit of their subiects for their approoued testimonie of their vnfained sinceritie either by gouerning iustlie void of all parcialitie or sufferance of anie iniuries doone euen to the poorest that doo I assuredlie promise inuiolablie to performe for requitall of your so manie deserts ¶ The occasions of the second accesse THis answer thus made by hir maiestie the lords and commons were dismissed And then hir highnesse some few daies after vpon deliberation had of this petition being as it appeared of hir mercifull disposition of nature and hir princelie magnanimitie in some conflict with hir selfe what to doo in a cause so weightie and important to hir and the realme sent by the lord chancellor as I heard and by the mouth of an honorable person and a right worthie member of the lower house this message to both houses moouing and earnestlie charging them to enter into a further consideration whether there might not be some other waie of remedie than that they had alreadie required so far disagreeing from hir owne naturall inclination Wherevpon the lords and commons in either houses assembled had sundrie consultations both in their seuerall houses generallie and by priuat committees deputed speciallie And after conference had betwixt the said committées it was resolued with vnanimitie of consent amongst them in the lower house and by vniuersall concord in the vpper house the question there propounded to euerie one of the lords that there could be found no other sound and assured meane in the depth of their vnderstanding for the continuance of the christian religion quiet of the realme and safetie of hir maiesties most roiall person than that which was conteined in their former petition The reasons whereof were summarilie these that follow which are more shortlie reported than they were vttered A briefe report of the second accesse the foure and twentith of Nouember 1586 and of the answer made in the name of tâ—e lords of the parlement to a message sent from hir maiestie by the lord chancellor after hir first answer THe lord chancellor accompanied with aboue fiue or six and twentie lords of parlement came before hir highnesse in hir line 10 chamber of presence to deliuer the resolution of all the lords of parlement concerning a message which he had not long before deliuered from hir maiestie for further consultation whether anie other means could be thought of or found out by anie of them how the Scotish quéens life might be spared and yet hir maiesties person saued out of perill and the state of the realme preserued in quiet declared that according to that he had receiued in commandement from hir maiestie he had imparted line 20 the same vnto the lords assembled in the vpper house whom he found by their generall silence much amazed at the propounding thereof considering the same had béene before in deliberation amongest them and resolued vpon and as appeared by their former petition exhibited to hir highnesse wherein they had expressed the same resolution Notwithstanding for hir maiesties further satisfaction
Betwéene Henrie the second and Thomas Becket 68 b 20. Betwéene bishops 36 b 60 37 a 10. About the election of the maior of London 445 a 60. Hot betwéene William Rufus Anselme 24 25. ¶ Sée Discord Dissention Uariance Contracts of marriage to be void without witnesses 30 b 60. ¶ Sée Mariage Contribution appointed by Henrie the second 74 a 60 Controuersie betwixt king Henrie the third and the bishop of Winchester 231 b 60 232 a 10. About the crowne of Scotland 285 b 60 286 a all Betwéene the archbishop of Canturburie the moonks 120 b 10 Betwixt the nobles and péeres appeased by Henrie the first 38 a 60. ¶ Sée Combat and Contention Conuocation at Westminster called by bishop Longchamp 129 a 20. ¶ Sée Councell and Synod Cooke Anthonie ¶ Sée Iusts triumphant Coplanâ— refuseth to deliuer his prisoner the king of Scots to anie except to the king of England 376 a 60 Copsti slaine by Osulfe 13 a 30 Cordes lord a Frenchman maketh aduantage of occasion 770 a 60. His malicious and foolish words 771 a 20 Cornishmen strong archers 782 b 10. Rebell against Henrie the seauenth their shamefull end 781 b 20 30 c 782 a 10 c. Coronation solemne and statelie of Richard the second 416 a 60 b 10 c 417 a 10 c. Of Richard the first roiall 118 a 30 Corpus Christi college in Oxford by whome and when founded 839 b 50 60 Cosneie besieged by the Dolphin rescued by the duke of Bedford 582 b 40 60 Cotteshold shéepe transported into Spaine 668 b 50 Couentrie the quéenes Henrie the sixts wife secret harbour 654 a 30. She is a better capteine than the king hir husband 654 a 50. The church when and by whom ioined to the sée of Chester 27 b 60 Couetousnesse of Henrie the first note 37 a 60. Of Cardinall Uiuiano noted 100 a 10 b 10 Of the emperor hauing Richard the first his prisoner 137 a 30 Of the emperor notable against honestie and honour 141 a 20 30 40 50. To be noted in Richard the firsts demands 124 b 40. Of king Iohn 184 b 20. Of cardinall Gualo 187 b 20. Of Gualo notable 193 a 20. Of duke William 8 a 40 b 50. Of William Rufus 18 b 10 20 b 10. Purchased Henrie the seuenth hatred among his people 791 b 20 30 40. Of two moonks 18 b 50. Of officers in a collection 139 a 60. Inueighed against 213 a 60 b 10. Of monie the cause of murther note 1228 b 20 c. Cloaked with an excuse 37 b 10. ¶ Sée Flemings and Rome Councell held at Rockingham castell and whie 25 a 10. Held at London 204 b 60. Generall summoned by the pope 236 b 20 237 a 10 c. In Edward the thirds ship 368 a 10. Of the cleargie called by the cardinall 181 b 40. At Yorke 322 a 60. At Westminster by the archbishop of Canturburie 162 a 10. At Winchester and traitors proclamed 143 b 10. At Canturburie 120 b 20. At Pipewell 119 a 60. At London by king Henrie the first and whie 34 a 30. At Oxford 68 a 60. At Clarendon 70 a 30. At Tours 69 a 60. Generall at Rome 102 b 20. At Westminster 85 a 60. At Gattington 111 b 60. Of bishops 71 a 20. At Castill called by K. Henrie the second 82 a 40. Of lords at Clarkenwell 108 b 30. Generall at Pisa 535 a 20. Prouinciall 535 a 20. At Stamford 477 b 30. At Notingham and who present 456 a 60. Generall at Constance 547 a 40. Generall the prerogatiue of the English nation 558 a 60. Of Henrie the sixt most spirituall persons note 622 b 60. ¶ Sée Assemblie Folkmote Parlement Synod Counsell good the want whereof a cause of committing foule sinnes note 18 b 10. Euill of nobles to duke Robert to put king William his brother from the crowne 17 a 10 20. Good of Lanfranke to William Rufus to win and kéepe fauour of people c 16 b 10. Of strangers folowed home-bred refused 231 a 30 Good giuen and safelie followed note 215 a 10 20 30. That bred grudge and mislike betwéene Henrie the third and his nobles 205 b 40. Euill turneth to the hurt of the counsellor 205 a 40. Euill of a bishop to his souereigne against the commonwealth 204 b 60. Euill falleth out ill to the counsell giuer note 204 a 40 50. Euill and lewd companie how mischéeuous 321 b 10. Good giuen ill rewarded 332 a 40. Good not to vse crueltie 188 a 30. Good ill requited 184 b 20. Giuen for the which the counsellors were curssed 168 b 50 60 169 a 10. Of euill persons to the sonne against the father dangerous to a state 86 a 50 b 10 Euill sorteth ill to the counsellor 112 a 50. Lewd faâ—leth ouâ— ill â—0 the counsellor 28 b 30. Euill and dangerous 430 b 20. Good neglected 447 b 50. Euill and what inconuenience followeth it note 507 b 50. Taken how to deale with the lords that conspired against Richard the second 458 b 20. Euill how preualent and mischéeuous 670 b 30 50 c. Of the lord Hastings to his acquaintance note 675 b 10. Of a damsell to the duke of Clarence 675 a 10 20. Good regarded of a king note 8 2. Ill giuen to a king 248 a 60. Euill giuen followed note 12 a 40. couetous mischéefous of the earle of Hereford practised 8 b 60. ¶ Sée warnings Counter in Woodstréet not ancient 1129 b 40 Counterfet of Richard Plantaganet 775 a 60 Counterfet earle of Warwike 785 a 30 Counterfet king Edward the sixt whipped and executed as a traitor 1127 a 40 and b 10 Counterfet king Richard the second 515 a 50 525 b 10 Counterfet duke of Yorke ¶ Sée Perkin Warbecke Counterfet Christ whipped 1194 a 10 Counterfet to be possessed with the diuell punished by dooing open penance 1259 b 60 Counterfet spirit in a wall without Aldersgate 1117 b 60. ¶ Sée Dissimulation and Dissemblers Counterfetting of licences and antedating them 953 a 20 ¶ Sée Antedating Counterfetting of quéene Elisabeths hand punished as an offense tresonable 1227 b 60 1315 a 40 Countesse of Bierne a woman receiueth soldiors paie 230 30. Of Boughanhir punishment for setting the crâ—wne on Robert Bruse his head note 314 a 10. Of Oxford practise to brute that Richard the second was aliue 525 a 60. Committed to prison 525 b 20. Deceaseth 702 b 40 237 b 20 Countesse of Prouance commeth ouer into England 231 b 50.240 b 20. Dealeth vniustlie wiâ—h Henrie the third hir sonne in law 238 a 40 Countesse of Richmond and Derbie c mother to Henrie the seauenth 678 a 60 Countesse of Salisburie beheaded being the last of the right line and nauie of Plantagenet 953 a 60 Countesse of Warwike taketh sanctuarie 685 b 50 Court certeine lords ladies and others put out of Richard the seconds court 463 a 50 60 Court misliked 496 a 60 Courtneie lord prisoner in the Towre
700 b 20. They pacifie anger procure fauor 478 b 50 60. And obteine lost liberties note 479 a 10. Of roiall magnificence bestowed by the French 1382 a 20. A meane vsed to win the fauour of the nobilitie 16 a 10. Not respected but the mind of the giuer note 1179 b 20 30. Giuen king Henrie the eight in his progresse into Yorkshire 954 b 10 20. ¶ Sée Bribes Presents and Rewards Gilbert de Gaunt taken prisoner and put to his ransome 7 a 20 Gilbert murthered by Liuiâ—us 12 b 30 Gilbert capteine of Tunbridge castell 17 b 40 Gilbert knight his voiage to Norimbega it hath not wished successe he is seuered from his companie dead and neuer heard of 1369 a 50 60 b 10 Gilford knight his message of thanks from king Henrie the seuenth to the Kentishmen 780 a 10. Maister of the horsse vnto king Henrie the eight 822 b 60 Gilford lord Dudleie executed on the Tower hill 1099 b 30 ¶ Sée Sands Gisors beséeged by king Richard the first 151 b 60. Beséeged by the Englishmen 570 b 50 Gita the sister of Sweine king of Denmarke escapeth into Flanders 6 b 20 Glasse house burned 1261 b 50 Glendouers rebellion in Wales what he was 518 b 60. The occasion that mooued him to rebell ouerthrowne 519 a 10 Reputed a coniuror note 520 b 20. Conspireth with the Persis 521 b 50. His daughter married vnto the earle of March 521 a 20. He with his Welshmen full of mischéef 519 b 20. He and his Welsh in armes against the lord Greie of Ruthen preuaileth 519 b 60. Taketh the erle of March prisoner 520 a 60. Wasted the English marches 525 a 40. Aided by the marshall Montmerancie 531 a 10. His craftie entring the castell Abirusâ—with 533 b 40. He fiftéene hundred Welshmen taken and slaine 528 a 10. Endeth his life in great miserie 536 a 10 Glocester recouerd put to fine 266 b 10. Whie it was not assulted by quéene Margaret hir power 686 a 40. ¶ Sée Duke Goche his valiant seruice 587 b 50 60. Taken prisoner by the loundering of his horsse 611 b 30. A Welshman his escape 630 a 40. Slaine vpon London bridge 635 a 30 Goodwine ¶ Sée Edmund Goring George ¶ Sée Iusts triumphant Gospatrike earle of Northumberland is sent against king Malcolme of Scotland note 10 a 60 From whome duke William taketh the erledome of Northumberland whie 10 b 50. How he came to be earle of Northumberland 13 a 30. ¶ Sée Malcolme Gospell the shamefull end of a contemner thereof note 935 a 60 Grace of God words misconstriued by the Scots note 423 a 20 c. Grafton Richard slandered by a Scot and defended 112 a 30. Defended against Buchanans slander 298 b 10 c. Granado is woone from the Turks or Saracens 772 b 30. The state and pompe of the same b 60 Grandmesuill Hugh set all vpon the spoile 17 a 50 Grant of king Henrie the third to his brother 209 b 20. ¶ Sée Patents Grantham church in Lincolneshire out of which the people were frighted 2â—4 b 20 Grasing inconuenient vnto the commonwealth note 862 a 60 b 10 Grasse ¶ Sée Mice 1315 a 60 Grauelin fortified by French for a countergarrison to Calis 444 b 10 Grauesend burned by the French and Spanish 427 a 60 Gréefe killeth an archbishop 6 b 60. Of king Iohn turned into rage 183 b 10. Cause of a sore and dangerous sicknesse in king Iohn 194 a 60 Of mind doubled the cause of king Iohns death 194 b 50. Killed Dauid the prince of Wales 238 a 60. Killed king Henrie the seconds heart 114 b 50. For losse of booties 194 a 60. For an ouerthrow the death of a king 958 b 40. The cause of death 18 a 30 44 b 60 50 b 30 728 a 30 40 note 1151 b 10 20 797 a 10. For vnkindnesse 88 b 50 Greie lord committed vnto the Tower 952 b 10. Indicted and beheaded 953 b 60 Greie lord of Wilton deputie of Bullen the letter of king Henrie the eight vnto him 875 b 40 50 60. His seruice verie honorablie accepted of the king 976 a 40. His request vnto the duke of Summerset 985 a 20. Receiueth possession of Hume castell 990 b 60 Greie lord Iohn duke of Suffolkes brother arreigned condemned pardoned released beheaded 1117 b 60 Greie lord capteine of Guisnes taketh the French at a sléepie aduantage commendeth his soldiors 1137 a 50 60 b 50 The danger that he escaped sitting vpon a forme with two gentlemen hurt by mischance he consulteth with the Englishmen 1138 a 30 b 40 50 60. His words to his soldiors being ashamed of their timorousnes agréeth with the â—nimie vpon articles 1140 a 20 40 Greie lord generall of the quéenes armie in Scotland 1187 a 30. His message to the Frenchmen 1188 Greie Arthur hurt in the shoulder by shot 1189 a 10 Greie lord of Wilton deceaseth 1198 a 50 Greie Henrie ¶ Sée Iusts triumphant Greies familie aduanced 668 a 30 40 Gréene one of Richard the thirds merciles instruments to murther two innocent princes 734 b 50 Gréenfield knight sir Walter Raleighs lieutenant for the voiage to Uirginia 1401 b 50. Singled from his companie arriueth in Hispaniola 60. His valiantnesse against the Spaniards 1402 a 10. In danger of shipwracke 20. Chaseth and surpriseth a Spanish ship 50 Gréenwich repared 788 a 10 Gresham knight suddenlie deceaseth note 1310 b 50 Gret Harrie ¶ Sée ship Gret Oneale ¶ Sée Oneale Greuill Fulke ¶ Sée Iusts triumphant Griffin ap Rées dooth much hurt on the marches 38 a 60 Griffin king of Wales departeth this life 152 a 60 Griffin of Wales breaketh his necke 228 b 20 Griffin beheaded at Towre hill 928 a 10 Grotes and halfe grotes ¶ Sée Coines Ground ¶ Sée Earth Guido earle of Britaine his father and his thrée sonnes erls of Britaine 7 b 20 Guenhera and the nobles of Wales make a league with Henrie the third 226 b 50 Guie of Warwike deceaseth 323 a 10 Guildhall inlarged the chappell 540 b 10 Guines ¶ Sée Guisnes Guisnes Henrie the eights palace roiall there described note 856 b 40 b 50 c 857 all ¶ Sée Greie lord capteine of Guisnes Guise ¶ Sée Duke Gun called Digeon 614 b 50 Called the red gun ouerthrowne recouered of the French 818 b 30 40 Gun shot into the court at Gréenwich 1132 b 50. By casualtie discharged at the quéenes priuie barge she being therein and some hurt doone note 1310 b 10 c. Guns of how ancient an inuention 453 b 50. Of iron when first made 960 a 20. Gained from the French 968 a 10. Called handguns and bearing of weapons forbidden by proclamation 1117 b 60. ¶ Sée Culuerings Gunpowder blowes vp a house and killeth fiftéene persons 1081 a 60. Shaâ—tereth houses in Bucklersberrie 1208 a 50. Strangelie set on fier dooth much hurt 1348 b 10 Gurguint builder of Norwich castell 1288 a 10. His spéech touching â—ntâ—qâ—itie 1189 a 40 c.
232 b 40 Whie disherited 232 b 50 Write to Henrie the third to take their part against the French 210 a 50. Preferred to clergie mens roomes and liuings 9 a 10. Rebell against duke William beyond the sea and soone subdued 10 b 60 Their fashion and guise taken vp of the English 5 b 10 They hate the nobles euen in the time of peace 6 a 20. Lieng in garrison at Yorke and their dismall daie 6 b 60 7 a 10. Pursued and slaine by the English 6 b 30. Giue the Danes the discomfiture 7 a 40. Haue the nobilitie communaltie in bondage 1 b 50 Plaie the diuels in wasting spoiling 17 a 60. Slaine by the English at Worcester 17 b 10. Their line touching the heires male in whom ceased 46 b 10. ¶ Seé William duke of Normandie Norris generall with thrée and twentie ensignes 1350 b 20 Taketh the sconse of Lite 1431 b 60. Other exploits by him doone against the enimie 1432 a 10 c. b 30 Northhampton besieged 185 a 50. Taken by force 266 b 50 Northcountries pitifullie wasted by duke William 7 b 40 Northerne men discomfit the Welshmen 672 b 20. Spoile the towne of saint Albons their valiantnes note 660 a 50. Rebellion and how suppressed 942 a 10 c. 943 a 10 Northerne prickers plaie the men 818 a 60 Northumberland an erledome 1 a 30. Rebelleth against duke William is subdued 6 b 10 Taken in possession of the Scots 53 b 30. ¶ Sée Malcolme Northumbers ouer whom duke William placeth and displaceth diuerse nobles 13 a 20 Kill Robert Cumin and his companie 6 b 30 Nortons ¶ Sée Rebels of the north Norwich how ancient 1289 a 40. Besieged by the Normans 11 b 30. Sacked 272 b 10. Sorelie defaced with fire 796 a 10. In commotion their liberties seized into the kings hands 626 a 60 b 10 Notingham taken by the erle of Derbie 92 a 20. The castell 6 a 40. How seated 60 b 50 Nouencourt yéelded to Richard the first 146 b 10 Nowell Henrie ¶ Sée Iusts triumphant Nun. ¶ Sée Christine Nuns incontinencie and displaced out of their house 100 a 10. Not to be godmothers 30 b 50 Nunries ¶ Sée Abbeis and Religious houses O. OBedience and what rigorous means duke William vsed to reduce the English therunto 5 b 10 c. 6 a 40 Of erle Richard to his father Henrie the second 109 a 60. Of the church of Scotland to the church of England 97 b 10 Occasion taken to inuade England note 19 b 10 Taken of an inuasion 212 b 40 50 Odo bishop of Baieux gouernor of England in duke Williams absence 5 a 10 In armes against the earle of Cambridge 11 a 50. Conspireth against his nephue William Rufus 17 a 20. Erle of Kent 13 a 60.18 a 60. In arms against king Williams freends in Kent 17 a 30. Is sent into Northumberland to reuenge Walkâ—ers death 12 b 20. Glad to submit himselfe for lacke of vittels 18 a 10 Lost his liuings in England and returneth into Normandie 18 a 10 Offendors couer their faults with contrarie causes 1358 b 60 Offense ¶ Sée Punishment Officer of the maior of London chosen shiriffe and lord maior 764 b 60. ¶ Sée Purueior Sargent Officers called to accounts and of their â—raudulent dealing 149 a 10. Go beyond their commission note 139 a 60 Of king Iohn oppresse the people 183 b 50. About Henrie the seuenth abuse the common people extremelie 792 b 10. The cause of manie mens vndooing and other trouble 794 b 10. Changed throghout the realme 645 b 60. Chosen by sound aduise 543 b 40. Of the king of Spaine full of tyrannicall lordlinesse villanie 1335 a 50. New made 509 b 40. Called to accounts and restitution made out of hand with interest 215 a 30. In displeasure with king Henrie for their deceit 216 b 40. Called to accounts how they had spent the kings treasure 218 b 50. Punished for negligent looking to prisoners 228 b 30 Appointed in an vprore 273 a 30. Displaced and others placed 466 b 40 60. Committed to the Tower and new made in place of old discharged note 360 b 40 50 60. Complained of to king Edward the third and punished 369 b 10. ¶ Sée Excheker and Iustices Offices set to sale for monie 142 b 40. Clamed at the coronation of Henrie the fourth 510. a 20 Oldcastell knight accused of heresie scapeeth out of the Tower 544 a 20 50. Shifteth from place to place he is laid in wait for to be taken 560 a 60. Taken and wounded executed 561 b 20 40 Oneile the great of Ireland made knight 808 a 50 Opportunitie taken by the Welshmen to inuade England 21 b 10. Not to be neglected 694 a 30. ¶ Sée Occasion Oppression punished note 256 b 20. Of the poore communaltie whereto it grew ¶ Sée Cursses Empson Extortion Officers Orange prince commeth into England 1126 b 20. Taketh order for the interteinment of the duke of Alanson 1330. Oration of the earle Baldwine to king Stephans armie 52 b 50. Of the French king to a great assemblie he sitting in his roialties 904 b 40 c. Of the duke of Yorke made vnto the lords of parlement 655 b 20. Of prince Edward to the French king taken prisoner 390 a 30. Of the archbishop of Canturburie after the deposing of Richard the second 506 a 10 c Of the bishop of Elie lord chancellor to the lords of the parlement house note 459 b 40. Of earle Marshall of Penbroke in the assemblie of peeres 197 a 40. Of queene Eliâ—abeth which she made to the parlement house note 1396 a 50 c. Of the deputie of the states of the low countries vnto quéene Elisabeth note 1411 a 60 b 10 c 1412 a 10 c. In Latine and English of a Dutch minister to quéene Elisabeth being in Norwich 1293 a 40 b 50. Of quéene Elisabeth to the vniuersitie in Latine 1206 b 60 1207 a 10 c. Of quéene Elisabeth by waie of answer in the parlement house touching a motion of marriage 1181 â— 40 c. Of Henrie the fift to the king of France 576 a 10. Of the duke of Buckingham to the maior of London aldermen and commoners in the Guildhall 728 a 60 b 10 c. Of Henrie the seuenth to his armie 757 a 60. Of king Edward the fourth lieng on his dethbed note 713 a 50 c. 708 b 50. Of a French herald to Edward the fourth vttered with boldnesse of face and libertie of toong 695 b 40 Of the French king to an English herald giuing him defiance 695 b 60 696 a 10. c. Of Faber summarilie set downe 894 b 50. Of Empson to find fauor 803 b 60. Of Henrie the eight in the parlement house 971 a 20 c. Of the French king before an honorable assemblie and fauoring of displeasure 902 b 60. Of sir Thomas Moore in the parlement house 910 b 10 c. Of two heralds to the
dealing breach of promise of the French king Wil. Paruus Enuious discord among the christians K. Richard discomfiteth the Saracens néere to Port Iaph Rog. Houed The names of such noble men as were famous for their valiant dooings in this voiage De Poole 〈◊〉 de Stagno Galf. Vinsaâ— The marques of Montferrato murthâ—â—â— by the Assassini Earle Iohn purposed to seize vpon the kingdom in his brothers absence William de Poicters K. Richards chapleine Anno Reg. 4. Wil. Paruus K. Richard rescueth Port Iaph Rad. Niger Matth. Paris Cephas K. Richard fell sicke A peace concluded betwixt the Christians Saracens Hubert bishop of Salisburie K. Richard taketh his iornie homewards K. Richard slandered for the death of the marques of Montferrato W. Paruus Erle of Gorze Saltzburge K. Richard commeth to Uienna Polydor. Ra. Niger K. Richard submitteth himselfe to the duke of Austrich N. Triuet Polychron The cause of the displeasure betwixt the duke of Austrich king Richard Ger. Dor. Rog. Houed line 50 The king is deliuered to the emperor Matth. Paris Ouid. lib. Fast. 1. Rog. Houed Two legats from the pope Normandie interdicted The earle of Pieregort others wast the K. of Englands lands The seneschal of Gascoigne reuengeth iniurie The king of Nauars brother The abbats of Boxley and Roberts-bridge Ger. Dor. The French king counselleth K. Iohn to vsurpe against his brother Ger. Dor. The archbishop of Yorke Hugh Bardolfe William de Stuteuille Wil. Paruus Rouen besieged The earle of Leicester Polydor. Michaelmas saith Ger. Dorob Wil. Paruus The emperour chargeth king Richard with iniuries doone to the Sicilians W. Paruus Matth. West The kings wisedome in making his answere Polydor. The bishop of Salisburie sent into England Ger. Dor. Rog. Houed The bishop of Elie commeth to the king The emperor agréeth with king Richard for his ransome N. Triuet Matt. Paris R. Houed Lands assigned to king Richard Polydor. Rog. Houed Order taken for leuieng monie to paie the kings ransome The hard dealing of officers in the collection Church iewels The bishop of Norwich The abbat of saint Albons The bishop of Chester Matthew de Cléere R. Houed The bishop of Elie. Anno Reg. 5. Wil. Paruus Hor. lib caer 1. ode 10. The bishop of Liege murthered Wil. Paruus Hubert bishop of Salisburie elected archbishop of Canturburie Hubert archbishop of CaÌ„turburie lord chéefe iustice The kings commandement not obeied R. Houed King Richard released out of captiuitie R. Houed The offers of the French K and erle Iohn to haue the K. of England kept still in prison The princes that had vndertaken for the emperor to performe the couenants Robert de Nouant Yéerelie pensions giuen by the king â—o certeine princes of the empire Memburge Wil. Paruus The French king inuadeth Normandie R. Houed He landed the 20. of March being sundaie as R. Houeden and Rafe de Diceto write Rog. Houed Diuerse sieges held at one time S. Michaels mount The king goeth to Notingham and winneth the castel Rog. Houed The forrest 〈◊〉 Shirewood The castell of Tickhill yeeâ—ded Rog. Houed Strife betwixt the archbishops for carieng of their crosses Officers discharged Lieutenantships set on sale The archbishop of Yorke offer The bishop of Chester A subsidâ—â— The archbishop of Yorke accused Gerard de Camuille charged with felonie and treason The king of Scots commeth to sée the king of England A parlement A grant made to the king of Scots what allowance he should haue when he came to England A councell holden at Winchester The king crowned anew R. Houed The king of Scots beareth one of the swords before the king of England The citizens of London A parlement called The bold courage of the bishop of Lincolne The bishop of Durham lost his earldome K. Richards practises The moonks Cisteaux Rog. Houed The king of Scots maketh suit for Northumberland Mainprise Rog. Houed The king transporteth ouer into France The French king raiseth his siege from Uernueil N. Triuet Rog. Houed The earle of Leicester taken prisoner Geffrey de Rancon The earle of Engolesme The king of Nauars brother Anno Reg. 6. Engolesme woone Polydor. Wil. Paruus Polydor. Great exactions The colour pretended in leuieng of monie Rog. Houed Inquisitions taken by a iurie of sundrie matters Usurers Iewes Iustices shiriffes and other officers Hubert archbishop of Canturburie lord chéefe iustice Officers driuen to fine for their offices The king offended with the lord chancellor A new scale Matth. Paris The king returneth into England He granteth the English men licence to iournie Rog. Houed Fines paid for licence to exercise turnements Mâ—l Pal â—n suo cap. Bishops towne I thinke he came not ouer at all into England at this time but rather sent his mind vnto the archbishop Messengers from the pope Isoldune Nouencourâ— yeeldeth to K. Richard Albemarle besieged Matt. West Polydor. Rog. Houed The earle of Leicesters offer for his ransome Million 〈◊〉 and rased A motion for peace Earle Iohn returneth to the king his brother and is pardoned Wil. Paruus R. Houed Matth. Paris Rog. Houed R. Houed Rog. Houed Wil. Paruus Matth. Paris Polychron Baldwin de Betun Duke Leopold catcheth a fall beside his horsse and dieth of the hurt White monks Rog. Houed Hugh NouaÌ„t bishop of Couentrie restored to his sée The archbishop of Yorke M. Pal. in suo sag. Pope Celestine The archbish of Canturburie is made yâ— popes legat A trinitie of offices in vnitie of person A synod holden at Yorke The emperor sendeth to the king Anno Reg. 7. The bishop of Elie is sent to the emperour The 2 kings talke togither The emperor dissuadeth the king from agréeing to the peace The warre 〈◊〉 begun afresh The hasâ— which king Richard made The 2 kings againe talke togither of peace The conditions of peace concluded betwixt the two kings Matth. Paris Matth. West Matth. West Matth. Paris Rog. Houed The earle of Albemarle departed this life Otho sonne to the duke of Saxonie Lawnes Wil. Paruus Ran. Higd. The abbat of Caen sent into England Fraudulent dealing in officers Fabian Wil. Paruus Matt. Paris Ran. Higd. William Fitz Osbert The â—oule disorder in the citizens of London The vnnaturall ingratitude of Fitz Osbert Why he ware his long berd Matth. Paris Fabian His oration to the people Ger. Dor. He is called before the archbishop of Canturburie lord chéefe iustice or president of the realme He fléeth inâ—o the church of S. Marie Bow His concubine He is executed Wil. Paruus Matth. Paris The archbish of Canturburie euill spokeÌ„ of for the death of William Fitz Osbert An old whormonger and a new saint The erledome of Poictou Iohn Bouchet his douâ— Ranulph erle of Chester tooke his wife the dutchesse of Britaine prisoner A dearth The death of the earle of Salisburie R. Houed Matth. Paris Marchades Lupescaro The bishop of Beauuois taken prisoner Genes 37. Anno Reg. 8. Normandie interdicted by the archbishop of Rouen The bishop of Elie departed this life Rog.
exploit doone by sir Iohn Harleston Sir Iohn Clearke a valiant capteine A policie The duke of Britaine restored to his dukedome Sir Hugh Caluerlie An hainous murther of â— merchant stranger Great 〈◊〉 in the north countrie Great 〈◊〉 by the 〈◊〉 in the death time A notable example of a faithfull prisoner The English â—ame scatteâ—â—d by a terriâ—le tempest The excesse and sumptuous apparell of sir Iohn Arundell There were drowned aboue a thousand men in one place and other as the additions to Ad. Merimuth doo testifie Outragious wickednesse iustlie punished Sir Iohn Deuereux made deputie of Calis The earle of Warwike elected protector The archbishop of Canturburie made lord chancellour The kings halfe sister married the earle of saint Paule A combâ—â—â—â—â—twixt 〈◊〉 A 〈◊〉 Thomaâ—â—â—tringâ—â—â— Triall by â—â—bat in 〈◊〉 case lawfull The order 〈◊〉 the combat The earle Buckingâ—â—â— claimeth 〈◊〉 horsse The esquire 〈◊〉 ouerthrowne The esquier fainteth The knight is iudged the vanquisher The French men spoile burne dâ—uerse townes in the west counâ—â—ie Anno Reg. 4. Froissard The earle of Buckingham sent into Britaine to aid the duke against the French king Knights made by the earle of Buckingham at his entrie into France Knights againe made The iournie of the English armie tâ—rough France The citiâ—â—â— oâ— Râ—â—meâ— saue their corne fielâ—â— from destrâ—eng by sending vittels to the English host Sir Thoâ—â—â— Triuet 〈◊〉 a baroâ—â—â— Knights created Uerne or Uernon The polâ—â—◠〈◊〉 the French king In Angl. 〈◊〉 sub 〈◊〉 The death of Charles the 5 French king Tho. Walsi The French and Spanish gallies chased from the coast of England to Kingsale in Ireland and there vanquished Diuerse townes on the English costs destroied and burnt The abbat of Battell in releuing Winchelâ—â—e is put to flight Grauesend burnt The English host entreth into Britaine Naunts besiged by the Englishmen The siege at Naunts broken vp A peace betwixt the French king and the duke of Britaine The articleâ— of the peace The earle of Buckingham returned into England The Scots inuade the English borders and spoile whole countries carrieng awaie great booties An armie lingering in the north parts greatlie impouerisheth the countrie Additions to Adam Merimuth Treason in letters writteÌ„ by sir Rafe Ferrers to certeine French lords A parlement at Northampton Iohn Kirkbie executed for murthering a merchant stranger A gréeuous subsidie Twelue 〈◊〉 as some 〈◊〉 Thom. Walâ— Wicliffes opinion The cardinal of Praxed Triennals All for monie An armie sent into Portingale to aid the king there against the K. of Castile The coÌ„mons by reason of the great subsidie and other oppressions rise in diuerse parts of the realme Uillaines The beginning of the rebellion at Derford in Kent The commoÌ„s of Essex begin the commotioÌ„ as Wal. saith The armor of the Essex rebels The oth ministred by the rebels to all passengers The commoÌ„s of other shires hearing of the stur in Kent Essex rise in like maner Lawiers iustices iurors brought to blockam feast by the rebels The next way to extinguish right An huge 〈◊〉 of the 〈◊〉 Fabian Capteins at the Esseâ— in Kentish 〈◊〉 The rebâ—â—s send to the 〈◊〉 to come 〈◊〉 with them Ill counsell Froiâ—â—ard The rebels spoile Southwarke and 〈◊〉 all prisoners at large The coÌ„mons of London aiders of the rebels All rebels 〈◊〉 tend 〈…〉 but 〈◊〉 purpose destruction 〈◊〉 of king 〈◊〉 countrie The Sauoie the duke of Lancasters house burnt by the rebels Strange dealing of the rebels The iustice of the rebels The lawiers lodgings in the temple burnt by the rebels The lord chaÌ„cellor and the lord treaâ—uror drawne out of the tower and put to death by the rebels Thom. Wals. The raging rebels make a pastime to kill men No respect of place with the rebels The outragious dealing of the rebels The king offereth the rebels pardon Froissard The wicked purpose of the rebels The rebels would haue all law abolished Arrogant and prouâ— words of a villen William Walworth maior of London â— stout couragious man The death of Wat Tiler capteine of the rebels The king persuadeth the rebels Uehement words of the maior of Loâ—â—don to the 〈◊〉 crieng for aid against the rebels An armie without a capteine The rebels quite discouraged threw downe their weapons at the comming of the Londoners in aid â—f the king Abraham Fleming out of Henrie Knighton canon of Leicester abbeie The like there was granted to them of other countries as well as to these of Hertforeshire in the same forme the names of the counâ—â—es changed The townesmen of saint Albons not yet quieted The hurting time The 〈…〉 of the Sufolke rebels Sir Iohn Cauendish lord chiefe iustice beheaded The prior of S. Edmundsburie sleine This Edmund Brumfield was câ—â—â—mitted to 〈◊〉 by the 〈◊〉 for his sumptous intrusion 〈◊〉 the abbat◠〈◊〉 Burie Iohn Littester capteine oâ— the Norfolke rebels The earle of Suffolke escapeth from the rebels The Norfolk rebels compell the noblemen gentlemen to be sworne to them Sir Robert Salle slaine by one of his own villains The capteine of the Norfolke rebels forceth the noblemen and gentlemen to serue him at the table A warlike bishop Spenser â—ish of Norwich goeth as capteine against the â—â—bels The fortifieng of the rebels campe The bishop is the first man that chargeth the rebels in their campe The Norfolke rebels vanquished Anno Reg. 5. The capteine once slaine the soldiers faint An armie of fortie thousand horssemen The Kentishmen eftsoones rebell Iack Straw and his adherents executed The maior and fiue aldermen knighted The armes of London augmented by additioÌ„ of the dagger The coÌ„mons of Essex rebell afresh The rebels of Essex are scâ—tered slaine Fabian The rebels executed in euerie lordship The king calleth in his letters of infranchising granted to the bondmen The king remooueth to S. Albons Iohn Ball. Iohn Ball 〈◊〉 prophesie Iohn Ball â—is sermon to â—he rebels Iohn Ball executed at S. Albons The king calleth in by proclamation all â—uch letters of manumission as the abbat of saint Albons had granteâ— to his bondmen The commoÌ„s of Hertfordshire sworne to the king The conâ—esâ—on of Iacke Straw at the time of his death The cause of the late tumults A truce with Scotland Tho. Walsâ— Froissard The capteine of Berwike will not suffer the duke of Lancaster to enter into the towne The duke of Lancaster chargeth the earle of Northumberland with sundrie â—runes The duke of Lancaster the earle of Northumberland come to the parlement with great troops of armed men The Londoners fréends to the earle of Northumberland The lords sit in armour in the parlement house The K. maketh an agréemeÌ„t betwéene the duke of Lancaster the earle of Northumberland The emperours sister affianced to K Richard is receiued at Douer A watershake The kings marriage with the emperors sister The sudden death of the earle of Suffolke The earle of March his good seruice whilest he was deputie in Ireland Wicliffes doctrine Iohn Wraie A
Hunsdon declareth how the dag was more than ordinarilie charged and how the earle dispatched him selfe Thrée bullets found vnder the point of the earls shoulder blade A slanderous report of the quéenes enimies and the earles fauourers answered The earle wanted no prospects for pleasure nor walks of conuenient libertie Sir Christopher Hatton reuealeth to the court and auditorie the gratious dealing of hir maiesâ—ie with the said earle no such fauour deseruing The quéenes maiestie mitigateth the punishmeÌ„t which the law would haue awarded against the earle The quéenes maiesties nature is to loue hir enimies O that they could change their nature and loue hir highnesse againe The earle standeth vpon termes of his innocencie all the world séeing the cause to contrarie * To this petition let all true harted Englishmen saie Amen The arriuall and interteinment of the deputies for the estates of the low countries The names of the said deputies for the estates The quéenes maiesties most gratious fauor acknowledged The distressed state of the 〈◊〉 countriâ—â—â—â—â—ter the death of the prince of Orange The hope that the low countrie people had in hir highnes helpe Spanish seruitude importable The cause whie the deputies for the states came into England and their sute vnto hir highnesse expressed The gouernement principalitie of the low countries presented to the quéenes maiestie Manie good townes and places yet remaining in the low countries defensible against the enimie The vniting of the low countries to the realmes of England c how beneficiall Protection of the reformed religion a part of their sute The loialtie and faithfulnesse of the low countrie people commanded Benefits like to insue vpon the said protection vndertaken of hir highnesse The said deputies doo present certeine articles and conditions to hir maiestie concerning their sute Aufeld and Weblie hanged for publishing of seditious bookes Fiue or rather 〈◊〉 people slain by the fall of a wall in London néere vnto Downegate Earle of Bedford and the lord Russell his sonne deceased Souldiers sent to aid the low countries of Holland Zeland c. Ground and trées soonke and swallowed vp in Kent eight miles from London Seminarie and massing priests banished Note in this certificat an acknowledgment of verie great English courtesie to the seminaries in their transportation The seminaries suddenlie assaulted and in danger of death by a Flushinger as they were passing ouer sea The seminaries are set on shore at Bullogne through their owne importunitie Kings and princes souereignes are to yéeld account of their actions onelie to almightie God the king of kings Naturall causes of the ancient continuall trafficke betwixt the people of EnglaÌ„d them of the low countries Confederatitions both betwixt the kings of England and lords of the low countries and also the subiects of both countries The people of both the countries bound by speciall obligations interchangeablie for mutuall fauours and friendlie offices Treaties extant of ancient time betwixt the kings of England and the dukes of Burgundie for the commerce betwixt their countries Conuentions for the subiects of either side to shew mutuall fauors one to th e other Spaniards and strangers latelie appointed gouernors in the low countries to the violation of the liberties of the countrie The destruction of the nobilitie and the people of the countries by the Spanish gouernement The lamentable violent death of the countie of Egmond the glorie of those countries The rich townes and strengths with the wealth thereof possessed by the Spaniards The French kings offers to haue aided and receiued to his subiection the oppressed people of the low countries The quéene of Englands coÌ„tinuall fréendlie aduises to the king of Spaine for restreining of the tyrannie of his gouernors The quéene of Englands means vsed to staie the states of the lowe countries froÌ„ yéelding their subiection to anie other forreine prince The enterprise of the Spaniards in Ireland sent by the king of Spaine and the pope The refusall of the quéenes messenger and hir letters to the king of Spaine The iust causes of dismissing of Barnardin Mendoza out of EnglaÌ„â— Two turbulent spirited persons Spaniardâ— dâ—uing what they could to set all EnglaÌ„ in a tumult Sée the voâ—luntarie confession of F. Throgmortoâ— in pages 1370 1373. The courteous dealing of hir maiestie with Mendoza a man mortallie hated departinâ— out of England The quéene of EnglaÌ„ds procéeding for the deliuerie of Scotland from the seruitude wherein the house of Guise meant to haue broght it The realme of Scotland restored to the ancient fréedome and so possessed by the present king by the meanes onelie of the quéene of England The conclusion of the causes of sending of certeine coÌ„panies of English souldiors to the defense of the oppressed people of the low countries and to withstand the attempts against this realme Thrée speciall things reasonablie desired by the quéene of England 1. The end of warres with restitution of the low countries to their ancient liberties 2. Suertie froÌ„ inuasion of hir owne realme 3. And renewing of the mutuall traffike betwéene the countries The causes of taking some townes into hir maiesties custodie The summe of a slanderous pamphlet published in the Italian toong against the quéenes maiestie The quéenes maiestie is gelous ouer the conseruation of hir reputation An answer to the first point of the said pamphlet clearing hir highnes of ingratitude The second point of the pamphlet answered to the full satisfaction of anie that is reasonable The prosecution of the warres in the low countries is not like to cease though the prince of Parma were dead This being dulie pondered all the world maie sée how vniustlie hir highnesse is slandered The nature of malice comprised in a senâ—â—nce of few 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in a 〈◊〉 of few â—ords The reward â—â—at wicked and infamous â—â—bellors shall â—ape at the hands of God and men The earle of Leicesters paâ—sing ouer 〈◊〉 the low â—â—â—ntries The first shew â—f a woman â—â—presenting Leidon â—he second 〈◊〉 of faâ—e â—he third 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 The fourth shew of Spanish seruituuâ— The fift shew of hope to be succored The sixt shew of aid promised The last shew of libertie victorie and triumph These verses séeme to be made by no metrician perhaps they were deuised by some of Leidon Uerses written vpon the doore of the lord lieutenaÌ„ts lodging The lord lieutenant returneth backe from Leidon to Donhage A géneráll fast proclamed and deuoutlie obserued The lord lieutenant rideth to Skeueling and is presented with a few English verses Titles of honór ascribed to the lord lieutenant with a reioising at his comming The estates sworne to the quéene of England The earle of â—eicester installed at Donhage with the maner and order thereof Persons of honor and worship The couenants betwéen the quéens maiestie and the estates read in Latine and deliuered to and fro Note what â— title and stilâ— of excellencie the states 〈◊〉 to the earle their gouernor and the honorable seâ—â—uice to him â—â—pointed The good
was the féet to the lame I was a father to the poore and when I knew not the cause I sought it out diligentlie I brake the chawes of the vnrighteous man and plucked the preie out of his téeth Here we find that who soeuer will doo iustice must not onelie doo no wrong but must also with all his might succour and comfort the helplesse and oppressed In this part of iustice there was neuer noble man more forward than this good earle He was the comfortable refuge of all such as were in aduersitie or oppressed by power Of Titus Uespasianus emperor of Rome we read that he answered one of his freends admonishing him to hold his hands and not to make his liberalitie and gentlenesse common to all men saieng that it becommeth not a prince to let anie man part from him with a heauie hart This worthie erle was of like mind for he was so full of humanitie and compassion that he would be loth to let anie distressed part from him without some comfort and ease In so much that in him if euer in anie man this adage Homo homini Deus A man a god to man was as truelie performed as in tyrants the contrarie adage that is Homo homini lupus A man a woolfe to man Wee read in chronicles of emperors kings noble men which for their bountifulnesse gentlenesse affabilitie line 10 and goodnesse deserued some honorable addition to their names as amongst the emperors Antoninus pius Anthonie the vertuous amongst the British kings Elidorus pius Elidor the godlie and amongst noble men in the time of king Richard the second sir Thomas Montacute the good earle of Salisburie and in the time of king Henrie the sixt sir Thomas Beuchampe the good earle of Warwike This noble earle for the verie like qualities hath trulie deserued to be called the good earle the vertuous earle line 20 and the valiant earle of Essex Temperance is the founteine of nobilitie it is a vertue whereby a man obserueth a moderation a reasonable meane in the vse of all things perteining to bodie mind it is the mother of all other vertues without which the rest are blemished and disgraced In the Dutch chronicles that tell of the liues of emperors the first qualitie that is noted is temperat or not temperat as an argument of the rest of his life and dooings for he is thought vnworthie to rule line 30 others that can not rule himselfe This noble earle had a speciall grace and an excellent gift of God in obseruation of this vertue whether you respect diet or the suppression of all vicious affections I haue diuerse times noted in him when vnderstanding was brought vnto him of some Thrasonicall contumelious word spoken by some glorious inferior aduersarie against him he would neuer be stirred to anie perturbation of mind thereby but with graue wisedome and magnanimitie contemne it and smile deriding line 40 the vanitie and waiwardnesse of that cankered stomach that vomited such sowre rotten infection for he did effectuallie consider that it became no better a noble hart to take in receiue wranglings brallings chafings and anger than it is conuenient to dawbe a golden piller with mire and claie Salomon was of that mind and therefore saith Be not thou hastie to be angrie for anger resteth in the bosome of fooles I haue had occasion by that I noted in his lordship to call to remembrance this saieng of line 50 Christ A good man out of the good tresure of his hart bringeth foorth good things the euill man out of the euill treasure of his hart bringeth foorth euill things For though occasion were ministred yet should you neuer heare him vtter anie opprobrious words no not against his aduersarie so pure immaculate did he studie to preserue the nobilitie of his mind There be some that count themselues worthie honor estimation when they teare God in péeces with chafing and horrible oths which this noble earle detested and line 60 abhorred as a matter not onelie vndecent but also repugnant to the nature of true nobilitie attributing due reuerence to the name of the Lord thereby proouing the founteins of his nobilitie to spring out of the hill of the feare of God But what was his religion what faith God had blessed him withall what godlie disposition he was of and how abundantlie God had inriched him with his holie spirit the confession of his faith his spéeches naie rather his sermons in his sickenesse afore his death shall testifie for euer For I receiued by the relation of such as are woorthie credit and were present about him although not all yet manie of his learned godlie saiengs at that time Concerning his saluation he reposed his affiance and sure trust in the bloud of Iesus Christ. He forgaue all the world and by inuincible faith apprehended laied hold and imbrased remission of his sinnes in the merits of the sacrifice of Christs bodie offered vpon the crosse for the sinnes of the world Trentals masses diriges pardons and such other papisticall trifles he vtterlie contemned as wicked and blasphemous against the death and passion of Christ. He fared like the children of Israell in the wildernesse which when they were stinged with serpents euen to death yet when they lookt vp to the brasen serpent they were made whole safe and sound So this noble earle grieued with the remembrance of his former vnthankefull life as he iudged immediatlie directed the eies of his mind to the passion of Christ and foorthwith felt such health of soule that he was filled with ioie in the holie Ghost and all his delight was in meditation of the ioie of the world to come and the fruition of the presence of God for euer insomuch that fiue or six daies before he died he shewed himselfe more like an angell from heauen than a man compassed with flesh and bloud My lord the archbishop of Dublin as I was informed could mooue him in no question or article perteining to saluation that he was not readie in and learnedlie and godlie resolued yea and made such answers in all things that my lord of Dublin had them in great admiration and affirmed that his spéeches at that time should serue him for sermons as long as he liued How trulie he relinquished the vanities of this world and how effectuallie he thirsted after the ioies of the life to come his godlie admonitions ministred vnto such as visited him and his heauenlie lessons exhortations to his seruants shall testifie for euer for they were such that his seruants report they shall neuer forget and such as they shall be the better for whilest they liue Thus haue I brieflie and partlie declared vnto you both the life and death of this worthie magistrate to the end we should consider how seriouslie God dooth call vs to a reckoning by the losse of such a good magistrat
foure daies and died line 40 in the yeare one thousand thrée hundred and foure being about the two and thirtith yeare of king Edward the first Iohn de Chesill was the second time honoured with the place of the chancellor in the yeare that the word became flesh one thousand two hundred sixtie and eight being the thrée and fiftith yeare in which king Henrie the third of that name did hold the scepter of England Richard de Middleton so surnamed of the place line 50 where he was borne was aduanced to the office of the chancellorship in the said three and fiftith yeare of king Henrie the third in the moneth of Iulie in the yeare of our redemption one thousand two hundred sixtie and eight and was also as appeareth by a charter which I haue séene witnesse to the same déed in the foure and fiftith yeare of the said king Henrie who as farre as I can gather died in August in the yeare of Christ one thousand two hundred seuentie and one being the six and fiftith yeare of the long gouernment line 60 of king Henrie the third There was a writer of England that wrote many volums of this name liuing at this time whom I doubt not for anie thing that I can yet learne to be the same man which was chancellor Iohn de Kirbie after the death of Richard Middleton was made kéeper of the great seale in the said six and fiftith yere of king Henrie the third Whether this were the same Iohn Kirkbie which after was bishop of Elie and treasuror of England I haue not as yet to determine although I rather hold the affirmatiue than the contrarie Walter Merton the third time made chancellor of England in the yeere of our Lord one thousand two hundred seuentie and thrée being the first yeare of the reigne of that famous prince king Edward the first of that name he was bishop of Rochester and built Merton college in Oxford and died in the yeare of Christ one thousand two hundred seauentie and eight being the sixt yeare of the reigne of king Edward the first Robert Burnell the eleuenth bishop of Bath and Wels after the vniting of those two sées in one by Iohn de Toures in the yeare of Christ one thousand ninetie and two was made bishop of Bath in the yeare of our Lord as saith Euersden one thousand two hundred seuentie foure and chosen archbishop of Canturburie in the yeare one thousand two hundred seuentie and eight but reiected by the pope he was chancellor in the second yeare of the said Edward the first in which place it séemeth that he long continued of whom thus writeth an anonymall chronicle Dominus Edmundus comes Cornubiae fundauit nouum studium ordinis Cisterciensis apud Oxonias monachos de Thame primò ibidem introduxit dedit eis prima donatione manerium de Erdington fecit dedicare locum abbatiae tertij idus Decembris per dominum Robertum Burnellepiscopum Bathon Welles cancellarium regis posuit fundamentum nouae ecclesiae eodem die Northosneiae This bishop was required with the son of Edward the first and Gilbert de Clare earle of Glocester in the time of Edward the first to be deliuered for pledges for Lheweline prince of Wales for his safe returne if he came to the parlement wherevnto he was summoned by the said king Edward In the time of this chancellor the court of chancerie was kept at Bristow This man died in the yéere of Christ one thousand two hundred ninetie and thrée being the one and twentith yere of the reigne of king Edward the third Iohn de Langhton made chancellor of England in the yéere of our Lord one thousand two hundred ninetie and thrée being the one and twentith yeare of the scourger of the Scots king Edward the first in which office he remained vntill the thirtith of the said king being the yeare of our redemption one thousand thrée hundred and two He was made bishop of Chichester about the six and twentith or rather the seauen and twentith yeare of king Edward the first being the yeare of our Lord one thousand two hundred ninetie and eight or rather one thousand two hundred ninetie and nine and in the said yeare one thousand two hundred ninetie and nine he was before chosen bishop of Elie but reiected by the pope who made him archdeacon of Canturburie from which Langhton this Edward did take the great seale in the thirtith yeare before said and deliuered it to Iohn Drokensford Iohn Drokensford kéeper of the wardrobe was made keeper of the great seale in the thirtith yere as before in which office he continued from about the fiftéenth daie of August vntill Michaelmas William de Greinfield deane of Chichester and canon of Yorke was aduanced to the place of the chancellor in the yeare that God became man one thousand three hundred and two being about the thirtith yeare of the said king Edward the first which office was giuen vnto him at saint Radigunds as saith Anonymus M.S. He was after chosen bishop of Yorke in the yeare of our redemption one thousand thrée hundred and thrée who in the yeare of our Lord one thousand three hundred and eight buried the bodie of the said king Edward the first at Westminster though that king died in the yeare of our Lord God one thousand thrée hundred and seauen This bishop died about the yere of our saluation one thousand thrée hundred and fifteene being about the sixt yeare of king Edward the second at Cawood after that he had béene bishop nine yeares eleuen moneths and two daies and was buried in saint Nicholas porch of Yorke receiuing his consecration at Rome in the yeare of Christ one thousand thrée hundred and fiue after that he had béene there two yéeres of pope Clement This Greinfield was a man verie eloquent and pithie in counsell William de Hamelton deane of Yorke was created chancellor of England in the yeare that the virgine brought foorth the sonne of God one thousand line 10 thrée hundred and fiue being the thrée and thirtith yeare of that noble prince king Edward the first This William surrendred his borrowed life in the yeare of our Lord one thousand thrée hundred and seuen being about the fiue and thirtith yeare of the said king at the abbeie of Fontnesse in Yorkshire being a man that well deserued of the common-wealth Ralfe de Baldocke chosen bishop of London in the yeare of Christ one thousand thrée hundred and thrée was confirmed at Titneshall by Robert of line 20 Winchelseie bishop of Canturburie and consecrated at Lions by Peter of Spaine bishop of Alba the third calends of Februarie in the yere of our redemption one thousand thrée hundred and fiue He was made lord chancellor of England after the death of the said William Hamelton in the said fiue thirtith yere of king Edward