now a dayes we have such Factious and corrupt humors in us out of which issue out such dislikes and bad censures of Magistrates as grieve them hinder Justice and provoke God to that which will smart if he be not the more merciful Verse 22. This restrained that pride which otherwise might have been in the Jews and shews the common care of God for all men as well as for the Jews This indifferency is a blessed vertue to be learn'd from our God For surely we are altogether partial if God guide us not Thus if other Mens Children Servants or Friends hurt ours fire and sword for them but if ours hurt them no such matter all must be boulstered out or bought out or born out and Justice may not be done Again among our own one Child must be Crucified and another not touch'd one made a Saint another a Devil CHAP. XXV Verse 7. THis resting of the Land every seventh year put them in remembrance of that sin which cast out all out of Paradice and brought men to labour and the Earth to need it Whereas if we had stood the Earth should have yeilded of its self Fruits and Profits as in some sort they might see by the seventh year Again it shadowed out the true Sabbath and rest in Heaven where shall be no labour and yet no lack but all comforts and joyes imaginable Verse 9. Upon which blowing it had the Name of Iubilee Iubilaeus a Iobel quod significat buccinam This year was an excellent figure of that true Iubilee and freedom which was confer'd upon us by Christ. For this Jewish Jubilee was proclaimed by Trumpet so is the Christian freedom by the Trumpet of Preaching the Gospel In that Jubilee no debts were demanded and such things as grew of themselves were common so in the Christian Jubilee is freedom proclaim'd by Christ Sathan hath no power to demand what by sin we ow him either Soul or Body and all the graces of God which grow of themselves i. e. are freely bestowed upon us are common in Christ to all there being with him no respect of persons but all accepted that fear him and work righteousness Of this freedom speaks Isai. 61. 1. Thirdly in that Jubilee of the Jews there was a returning to their Lands which were alienated from them so by this Christian Jubilee we return to our old Paradice again from whence we were cast out by sin even that Paradice of Heaven from which we shall never be removed any more Verse 21. In this verse the Lord meets with an objection of some men that might happily say what shall we eat the seventh year and answers I will send my blessing upon you in the sixt year and it shall bring forth fruit for three years Let this verse then strengthen your Faith against all objections of Flesh and Blood made from natural reasons For if God be able even then when the earth is weakest having been worn out with continual tillage five years together to make the sixt year bring forth a triple blessing what unseasonable weather what barrenness of Land what any thing shall make a man despair of Gods providence for things needful Again can God be thus strong when the Land is weak why then cannot he be or why will he not be strong in my weakness in your weakness and in every mans weakness that trusts and leans upon him For when we are weakest then is he strongest and his power is best seen in our weakness Away then fear and diffidence I will trust in him drawing an Argument with David from my weakness to move him to strengthen me Heal me O Lord for I am weak Psalm 6. 2. My weakness shall drive me to thee not from thee and I will tarry thy good leisure Lord strengthen me Lord comfort me in all Temptations and afflictions Verse 43. Let us take notice from this custome of the Jews concerning Servants that although Moses his Law in these particulars hath his end for form yet the equity still bindeth in these things and the estate of servants under the Gospel brought and bought out of spiritual Egypt and bondage of sin by Christ may not be worse than it was under the Law when you see they might not be cruelly ruled and dealt with To this end the Apostles Exhortation tendeth Eph. 6. 9. CHAP. XXVI Verse 5. CAlamities that last long are light and if they be heavy they are short both wayes there is some intimation of some ease But God suffers not this impenitent sinner to enjoy that ease God will lay enough upon his Body to kill another in a week and yet he shall pant many years under it As the way of his Blessing is here Your vintage shall reach to your threshing and your threshing to your sowing so in an Impenitent sinner his Fever shall reach to a Frenzy and his Frenzy to a Consumption his Consumption to a Penury and his Penury to a wearing and tyring out of all that are about him and all the sins of his Youth shall meet in the anguish of his body Verse 12. Behold what need we care whether we go while we carry the God of Heaven with us he is with us as our Companion as our Guide as our Guest No impotency of Person no cross of Estate no distance of Place no opposition of Men no gates of Hell can separate him from us he hath said it I will not leave nor forsake thee shall we think he cannot fare ill that hath mony in his purse and shall we think he can miscarry that hath God in his heart How shall not all comfort all happiness accompany that God whose presence is the cause of all blessedness He shall counsel us in our Doubts direct us in our Resolutions dispose of us in our Estates prosper us in our Lives and in our Deaths Crown us Verse 16. God does not begin with a Morte moriendum some body must dye and therefore I will make some body to kill but God came with a Morte morieris yet thou art alive and maist live but if thou wilt rebel thou must dye So here God did not call up Fevers and Pestilence and Consumptions and Fire and Famine and War and then make Man that he might throw him into their mouths but when man threw down himself God let him fall into their mouths Had I never sinn'd in wantonness I should never have had Consumption nor Fever if I had not sinn'd in riot nor Death if I had not transgress'd against the Lord of Life Verse 44. Some are of an opinion that these words were fulfill'd in the Captivity and Deliverance out of Babylon But the Jews perswade themselves that this promise of regard when they should be in the Land of their Enemies is not yet accomplish'd But whether so or not we may very well apply this promise to a true penitent sinner who shall ever be respected upon his Conversion albeit he neglected the time of Grace
hanging over the throat of such a Son would not have been more perplex'd in his thought than that unexpected Sacrifice was in those briars yet he whom it nearest concern'd is least touch'd Faith had wrought the same in him which cruelty would in others not to be moved He contemns all fears and over-looks all impossibilities his heart tells him that the same hand which rais'd Isaac from the dead womb of Sarah can raise him again from the ashes of his Sacrifice With this confidence was the hand of Abraham now falling upon the throat of Isaac who had given himself for dead when suddenly the Angel of God interrupts him forbids him commends him Verse 12. The voice of God was never so welcome never so sweet never so seasonable as now It was the tryal that God intended not the fact Isaac is sacrificed and is yet alive and now both of them are more happy in that they would have done than they could have been distress'd if they had done it Gods charges are oft-times harsh in the beginnings and proceeding but in the conclusion alwayes comfortable true spiritual comforts are commonly late and sudden God defers on purpose that our tryals may be perfect our deliverance welcome our recompence glorious Isaac had never been so precious to his Father if he had not been recovered from death if he had not been as miraculously restored as given Abraham had never been so blessed in his Seed if he had not neglected Isaac for God Verse 13. The only way to find comfort in any earthly thing is to surrender it in a faithful carelesness into the hands of God Abraham came to Sacrifice he may not go away with dry hands God cannot abide that good purposes should be frustrate Lest either Abraham should not do that for which he came or shall want means of speedy thanks-giving for so gracious a disappointment behold a Ram stands ready for the Sacrifice and as it were proffers himself to this happy exchange He that made that beast brings him thither fastens him there Even in small things there is a great providence what mysteries there are in every though the least act of God CHAP. XXIII Verse 1. BEcause the years of Sarah are here distinctly numbred and the Hebrews read thus and the lives of Sarah was an hundred years and twenty years and seven years the Jewish Rabbins collect that here is commended her beauty and her chastity viz. that she was as fair at an hundred years as at twenty and as chast at twenty as at seven but this collection of the Rabbins perchance is scarce warrantable from the words yet from hence we may safely conclude for our comfort that the Lord doth number all our years and whether they be few or many he hath set them down in his Book of Remembrance For here Sarah's daies are punctually numbred and Iob in his Fourteenth Chapter mentioneth moneths and daies how that our daies are exactly determined and the number of moneths which man hath to live are in the Lords hand Wherefore no good man need make any question but that the Lord hath a care of him and that his life doth not depend upon the skill of the Physitian but the good pleasure of our God Verse 2. These words She dyed at Hebron bids us meditate on theformer Story 'T is well known that at Beersheba Abimelech made a league with Abraham the tenure whereof was that the one should not hurt the other whereupon Abraham supposing he should have set up his staff there planted a grove yet for all this Sarah dieth not there but dieth at Hebron certain miles distant from Beersheba and dieth in the absence of Abraham and happily without the presence of her Son and acquaintance dieth in a strange place among strangers which may serve to comfort those whom the Lord will not vouchsafe to die in their own Country among their nearest and dearest Friends wanting them to close up their dying eyes and perform the duties and offices of love For though Friends be absent yet the best Friends God and his Christ are ever present to the faithful and when all forsake yet they never forsake and Heaven is no further from one place than another and then in regard we are all with Sarah and Abraham here liable to a wandering and a wavering condition this should hold up in us all a longing desire of Heaven where all joy remains and is fix'd for evermore seeing here we have no happiness no rest no quietness Here is only the vally of tears and weeping we must look for the happy place of joy and gladness in another World where shall be no more sorrow nor crying nor tears Verse 4. This Sarah that before was the desire of Abrahams eyes is now desired to be removed out of his sight she that before had a beauty to tempt Kings had not now so much left her by death as to take her own Husband I have read of a fair young German Gentleman who living refused to be pictured and put off the importunity of his Friends by giving way that after a few daies burial they might send a Painter to his Vault and if they saw cause for it draw the image of Death unto the Life they did so and found his face half eaten his Midrife and Back-bone full of Serpents and so he stands pictured among his armed Ancestors Thus doth the fairest Beauty change and it will be as bad with you and me as it was here with Sarah and then what nearest Relation will endure our company what Servants shall we have to wait upon us in the Grave what officious people to cleanse away the moist cloud cast upon our faces from the sides of the weeping Vaults which are the longest Weepers for our Funerals all our Friends will then like Abraham in the Text desire to remove us out of their sight Verse 8. The eye affects the heart with sorrow-occasioning objects if sorrow be in the eye it will not stay long from the heart Hence when Sarah was dead Abraham in this Text thus bespeaks the people among whom he dwelt If it be in your mind that I should bury my dead out of my sight It did afflict the heart of Abraham with sorrow to see the body of his deceased Wife or the Coffin where she lay whom he had so entirely loved therefore he saith Bury her out of my sight Verse 9. This world is but a thorow-fare we have no place to settle to abide here and therefore our first purchase of possession should be like this of Abrahams a place to bury in not to build upon Our Grave is our long and lasting home all our other houses are but transitory and as short-lived as our selves And therefore to mind us of our mortality it were good with the Patriarch here to make our Sepulchre our first purchase Upon this account when our first Parents had made them Garments of Figg-leaves God gave them Garments of skins
wonderful this is a fearful Fall Verse 8. Every Earth was not fit for Adam but a Garden a Paradice what excellent pleasures and rare varieties have men found in Gardens planted by the hands of men and yet all the World of men cannot make one twigg or leaf or spire of grass when he that made the matter undertakes the fashion how must it needs be beyond our capacity excellent No Herb no Tree no Flower was wanting there that might be for ornament or use whether for sight or for sent or for taste the bounty of God wrought further than to necessity even to comfort and recreation Why are we niggardly to our selves when God is liberal but for all this if God had not there convers'd with man no abundance could have made him blessed Verse 9. The Tree of Life was a real Tree in Paradice but it was not able to give immortality for no corruptible food can make the body incorruptible and if it could have given immortality it must have had a power to preserve from Sin for by sinning Man became mortal therefore it was called The Tree of Life not effectivè but significativè as a signe of true immortality which Adam should have received of God if he had continued in obedience and so also was that other Tree call'd The Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil not because it gave Knowledge but was a Seal unto them of their miserable Knowledge which they should get by the experience of their Transgression which is call'd a Practical Knowledge And yet here by the way though God forbad Man to eat of the Tree of Knowledge yet not of the Tree of Life to shew that he desired we should be Saints not Rabbies and Doctors Verse 15. That which was mans Store-house was also his Work-house his pleasure was his task Paradice serv'd not only to feed his sences but to exercise his hands If happiness had consisted in doing nothing man had not been imployed all his delights could not have made him happy in an idle life Man therefore is no sooner made than he is set to work neither greatness nor perfection can priviledg a folded hand he must labour because he was happy how much more we that we may be so this first labour of his was as without necessity so without pains without weariness how much more chearfully we go about our businesses so much nearer we come to our Paradice Verse 17. Here is a double comfort from these words to the Children of God the first consists in this in that it was the Lord of Life that first named death Morte morieris saith God thou shalt dye the death I do the less fear and abhor Death because I find it in his mouth even a Malediction hath a sweetness iu Gods mouth for there is a blessing wrapt up in it a Mercy in every Correction a Resurrection upon every Death from whence issues the other spiritual comfort that as God did cast upon the unrepentant sinner two Deaths in the Text a temporal and a Spiritual Death so hath he breath'd into us two lives for so as the word for Death is doubled Morte morieris thou shalt dye the Death so the word for Life is expressed in the plural at the seventh Verse of this Chapter Chaim vitarum God breathed into his Nostrils the breath of Lives of divers lives though our Natural life were no life but a continual dying yet we have two Lives besides that an eternal life reserved for Heaven but yet an Heavenly Life too a spiritual Life even in this World Verse 18. One cause of Marriage is to avoid the inconvenience of Solitariness signified in these words It is not good for Man to be alone as if he had said this Life would be miserable irksome to Man if the Lord had not given him a Wife to bear a share in his troubles and afflictions Now if it be not good for Man to be alone then is it good for him to have a Companion and therefore as God created a pair of all other Kinds so also of this And this was that help in the Text in which we see that God did provide an help for Man before he saw his own want and while Adam slept and thought nothing God was working and laying out for his good and preparing him an Helper Shewing that Man is stronger by his Wife for as God hath knit the bones and sinews together for the strengthning of Mans body so hath he knit Man and Woman together for the strengthening of their Life because two are firmer than one Verse 20. As Adam gave every Creature the Name according as he saw the Nature thereof to be so God gives every man reward or punishment the Name of a Saint or Devil in his purpose as he sees him a good or a bad user of his graces When I shal come to the sight of the Book of Life and the Records of Heaven amongst the Reprobate I shall never see the Name of Cain alone but Cain with his addition Cain that kil'd his Brother not Iuda's Name alone but Iudas with his addition Iudas that betrayed his Master God did not begin with a Morte moriendum some Body must dye and therefore I wil make some Body to kill but God came to a Morte morieris yet thou art alive and maist live but if thou wilt rebel thou must dye Verse 21. This Sleep that man was cast into while his Wife was created doth teach us that our Affections our Lusts and Concupiscences should sleep while we go about this Action the choice of a Wife for as the Man slept while his Wife wa◠making so our flesh should sleep while our Wife is choosing lest as the love of Venison wone Isaac to bless one for the other so the love of Gentry or Riches or Beauty should make us take one for the other Verse 22. Woman was not made of the head and therefore must not be the head nor yet of the foot of man and therefore must not be set at his foot but the man must set her at his heart near the place from whence she came She which should lie in his bosome was made in his bosom should be as close to him as the Rib of which she was fashion'd Verse 25. Comparatively Adam was better than all the world beside and yet we find no act of pride in Adam when he was alone When there was none in the world but himself and his Wife who was not another but himself though they were both naked they were neither of them asham'd Soliture is not the scene of pride the danger of pride is in company when we meet to look upon one another Thus in Eve her first act was an act of Pride a harkening to that voice of the Serpent Ye shall be as gods As soon as there were more than themselves there was pride How many have we known that have been content all the week at home alone
action good without Faith no Faith without a word Happy is that man which in all things neglecting the counsels of flesh and bloud depends upon the Commission of his Maker Verse 20. No sooner is Noah come out of the Ark but he builds an Altar not an House to himself but an Altar to the Lord. Our Faith will ever teach us to prefer God to our selves delay'd thankfulness is not worthy acceptation of those few Creatures that are left God must have some they are all his yet his goodness will have man know that it was he for whose sake they were preserved It was a priviledge to those very bruit Creatures that they were saved from the Waters to be offered up in Fire unto God What a favour is it to men to be reserved from common destructions to be sacrific'd to their Maker and Redeemer Verse 21. God had accepted sacrifices before but no sacrifice is call'd Odor quietis it is not said that God smelt a favour of Rest in any sacrifice but that which Noah offered after he had been variously tossed and tumbled in the long hulling of the Ark upon the Waters and this was a sacrifice in which God himself might rest himself For God hath a Sabbath in the Sabbath of his Servants a Fulness in their Fulness a satisfaction when they are satisfied and is well pleased when they are so and therefore the Lord said That he will not Curse the Earth again speaking not generally of all kind of Cursing the Earth but only of this particular Curse by Waters And whereas 't is added for a Reason for the imagination of mans heart is evil it is not meant that God would spare the Earth and Beasts because man is subject to sin but the Promise is made specially for man that being he is by nature subdued to sin he is to be pitied and not for every offence according to his deserts to be judged for then the Lord should continually over-flow the world moreover where it is said Gen. 6. 6. That the Lord would destroy the World because the imaginations of their hearts were evil it may seem strange that the same cause should be here urged why he would not therefore this is here added to shew the original of this Mercy not to proceed from man but Gods own favour CHAP. IX Verse 1. THere is a lawful nay a necessary desire of being better and better and that not only in spiritual things for so every man is bound to be better and better better to day than yesterday and too morrow than to day but even in temporal things too there is a liberty given us nay there is a Law an Obligation laid upon us To endeavour by industry in a lawful Calling to mend and improve to enlarge our selves and spread even in worldly things And therefore when God delivers this Commandment the second time to Noah for the repairation of the World Encrease and Multiply which is not only in the multiplication of Children but in the enlargement of Possessions too he accompanies it with this Reason in the second vers The fear of you and the dread of you shall be upon all and all are delivered into your hands which Reason can have no relation to the multiplying of Children but to the enlarging of Possessions God planted Trees in Paradise in a good state at first at first with ripe fruits upon them but Gods purpose was That even those Trees though well then should grow greater God gives many men good Estates from their Parents at first yet Gods purpose is That they should encrease those Estates He that leaves no more than his Father left him if the fault be in himself shall hardly make a good account of his Stewardship to God for he hath but kept his Talent in a Napkin Verse 13. That little fire of Noah which he kindled in the former Chapter through the vertue of his Faith purged the World and ascended up into those heavens from which the Waters fell and caused a glorious Rain-bow to appear therein for his security And here behold a new and a second rest first God rested from making that World now he rests from destroying it even while we cease not to offend he ceases from a publick revenge His Word was enough yet withal he gives a sign which may speak the truth of his Promise to the very eyes of men Thus he doth still in his blessed Sacraments which are as real Words to the Soul The Rain-bow is the pledge of our safety which even really signifies the end of a shower And further the Rain-bow having two special Colours in it one Coeruleus exterior which is waterish is a sign the World shall not any more be drown'd the other Rubeus which may be a sign the World shall be consumed with Fire Thus all the signs of Gods institution are proper and significant Verse 21. Who would think after all the favours that God had shewn Noah to have found this Righteous man lying Drunken in his Tent Who would think that Wine should over-throw him that was preserved from the Waters That he who could not be tainted with the sinful examples of the former World should begin the example of a new sin of his own What are we men if we be left to our selves While God upholds us no tentation can move us when he leaves us no tentation is too weak to over-throw us Behold he of whom God in an unclean World had said Thee only have I found Righteous proves now unclean when the World was purged The Preacher of Righteousness unto the former age the King Priest and Prophet unto the World renewed is the first that renewes the sins of the World which he had reproved and which he saw condemned for sin Gods best Children have no fence for sins of infirmity which of the Saints have not once done that whereof they are ashamed Verse 22. Ungracious Cham saw his Fathers nakedness and laughed at it His Fathers shame should have been his and should have begot in him a secret horror and dejection How many graceless men make sport at the causes of their Humiliation Twice had Noah given him life yet neither the Name of Father and Preserver nor Age nor Vertue could shield him from the contempt of his own I fee that even Gods Ark may nourish Monsters some filthy Toads may lie under the stones of the Temple And further Cham was not content only to be a witness of this filthy sight he goes on to be a proclaimer of it Sin doth ill in the eye but worse in the tongue as all sin is a work of darkness so it should be buried in darkness The report of sin is oft-times as ill as the Commission for it can never be blazoned without uncharitableness seldom without infection Oh the unnatural and more than Chammish Impiety of those Sons which rejoyce to publish the nakedness of their spiritual Parents even to their enemies Verse 23. Behold here
He that liveth by his Faith yet shrinketh and sinneth How vainly shall we hope to beleeve without all fear and to live without infirmities Some little aspertions of unbelief cannot hinder the praise and power of Faith Abraham beleeved and it was imputed to him for righteousness He that through inconsiderateness doubted twice of his own life doubted not of the life of his Seed even from the dead and dry Womb of Sarah yet was it more difficult that his posterity should live in Sarah than that Sarahs Husband should live in Egypt this was above nature yet he beleeves it Sometimes the Beleever sticks at easie tryalls and yet breaks through the greatest tentations without fear Verse 14. Holy Iob's Covenant with his Eyes in the Old Testament should be every Christians in the New to look to his looks to set a guard and sentinel over his Eyes for from looking comes lusting from a lascivious glance proceeds a lascivious act and it is all one in Gods esteem with which part of the body we commit adultery so that if a man lets his Eye or his Thought loose and enjoyes the lust of either he is an Adulterer before God It was therefore our Saviours advice Mat. 5. If thy right Eye offend thee pull it out the meaning is this That when thou doest give check to the loose evibrations and wanton twirles of a lascivious Eye thou dost at that very time pull out that wanton Eye from thy body and the lustful Devil that is in that wanton Eye from thy soul. There is great reason therefore that we should set a strict watch over this Cinque-port of our bodies Beauty is a dangerous bait and Lust is sharp-sighted It is not safe gazing on a fair Woman how many have died of the wound in the Eye No one means hath so enrich'd Hell as beautiful faces Verse 19. It is a sad case when an Egyptian shall reprove an Israelite when a Pharaoh shall rebuke an Abraham and therefore all Professors of Religion should so practice it as the very Infidels seeing their good works answer their good words may glorifie their Father which is in heaven For our Calling as it is most eminent so most eyed and worst censured by all the Infidel part of the World If an Apostle rub but an ear of Corn on the Sabbath 't is breaking of the day a heathens Motes are a Christians Beams and a Turks indifferency is my evil somethings being expedient in respect of the man which are scandalous meerly for his Religion none therefore to keep within so strict lines both for words and deeds as the Christian for behold saith the Apostle We are made a gazing stock to the world to Angels and to men CHAP. XIII Verse 2. ALthough the Scripture tells us That it is hard for a rich man to enter into the Kingdom of Heaven yet the Scripture saith not that it is absolutely impossible Heaven gate stands open for the Rich as well as for the Poor for rich Abraham here as well as for poor Lazarus in the Gospel and as it is true Blessed are the Poor for theirs is the Kingdom of Heaven So it is also as true Blessed are the Rich for theirs is the Kingdom of Heaven Thus Adam and Noah flew up to Heaven with the Monarchy of the whole World upon their backs The Patriarchs also as in this Text Abraham with much Wealth many holy Kings with rich Crowns and Scepters It is not Wealth therefore as Wealth but Sin that is the clogg that keeps men from ascending the burthen of covetous desires being more heavie to an empty Soul than much treasure to the full for not the meer Possession and use of riches offends but the affectation Verse 7. When the strife began between Abraham and Lot the Scripture notes it as a special Memorandum here that the Canaanite was then in the Land Doubtless there are at this time also in our Land too many who carry Canaanitish hearts and minds who would no less than the old Canaanites rejoyce and triumph in our discords saying among themselves Aha so would we have it But let those that have the Spirit of Abraham learn also the Speech and Language of Abraham who though he was in Age and Dignity superiour to his Nephew Lot yet came and said unto him I pray thee let there be no strife between me and thee for we are Brethren Verse 9. Before Abraham and Lot grew Rich they dwelt together now their Wealth separates them their Society was a greater good than their Riches many a one is a looser by his Wealth who would account those things good which makes us worse It had been the duty of young Lot to offer rather than to chuse to yield rather than contend Who would not here think Abraham the Nephew and Lot the Uncle It is no disparagement for greater persons to begin treaties of Peace better doth it beseem every Son of Abraham to win with love than to sway with power Abraham yields over this right of his choice Lot takes it And behold Lot is cross'd in that which he chose Abraham is blessed in that which was left him God never suffers any one to lose by an humble remission of his right in a desire of Peace Verse 10. Wealth hath made Lot not only undutiful but covetous he sees the goodly Plain of Iordan the richness of the Soyl the commodity of the Rivers the scituation of the Cities and now not once enquiring into the Condition of the Inhabitants he is in love with Sodom Outward appearances are deceitful guides to our judgement or affection they are worthy to be deceived that value things as they seem It is not long after that Lot payes dear for his rashness He fled for quietness from his Uncle and finds War with strangers by whom he is carried Prisoner with all his substance That Wealth which was the cause of his former Quarrels is made a prey to merciless Heathen that place which his Eye covetously chose betrayes his life and goods How many Christians whilst they have look'd at gain have lost themselves Verse 14. Gods way of appearing unto Abraham was like our Saviours way of appearing in the flesh to the world until such time as there was a general Peace over the whole Earth our Saviour would not appear amongst men and until such time as the strife was ended betwixt Abraham and Lot and they two parted friendly God did not appear unto Abraham God is love and he that dwelleth in love dwelleth in God and God in him 1 Joh. 4. 16. Where Charity is there is an habitation a Temple for the Lord and where it is not there is a dwelling-place for the Devil Religion is but rottenness without it our Devotions unsavory our Sacrifice distasteful and all our front of Holiness but dross and rubbish Therefore Christ saith If thou bring thy Gift to the Altar and there remembrest that thy Brother hath ought against thee first be
temporary temporal and spiritual death Verse 9. Adultery is called here a great sin not only for the uncleanness and filthiness of it but because of the punishment that follows and sometimes overtakes whole Cities and Kingdoms for that sin in their Governors as it would have done here had not God with-held Abimelech from that sin verse 6. Now God keeps his Children from sinning either by instinct of his Spirit or the instruction of his Word or by the guiding and guard of Angels or by diseases as here Verse 11. Wheresoever is wickedness there can be no fear of God these two cannot lodge under one roof for the fear of God drives out evil Ecclus. 1. 26. As therefore Abraham here argues well from the Cause to the Effect because the fear of God is not in this place therefore they will kill me So David argues back from the Effect to the Cause they imagine wickedness on their Bed therefore the fear of God is not before them I would to God neither of these Arguments were demonstrative but our lives shew they are For if we feared the Lord durst we dally with his Name durst we tear it in pieces Surely we contemne his person whose Name we contemne The Iewes have a conceit that the sin of that Israelite which was stoned for Blasphemy was only this that he named that ineffable Name Iehovah Shall their fear keep them from once mentioning the dreadful Name of God and shall not our fear keep us from abusing it Durst we so boldly sin against God in the face if we feared him Durst we mock God with a formal flourish of that which our heart tells us we are not if we feared him Verse 14. Thus God comes as it were out of an Engine and helps his people at a pinch Abraham had brought himself into the bryars and could find no way out Many a heavie heart he had no doubt for his dear Wife who suffered by his default and she again for him God upon their Repentance provides graciously for them both She is kept undefiled he greatly enriched and now they are both secured and dismissed with rewards and priviledges Oh who would not serve such a God as turns our errors and evil counsels to our great good as the Athenians believed their Goddess Minerva did for them Verse 16. Abraham is said to be a veil of Sarahs eyes First That no man knowing her to be Abrahams Wife should look upon her to desire her Secondly It putteth Sarah in mind of her subjection to Abraham whereof the veil is a sign 1 Cor. 11. 10. Thirdly Abraham was her veil that is her just excuse that she did this for his cause being by him perswaded but the former Exposition is the better For the following words the meaning is that all this was that she might he reproved or in all this she reproved her self so that they seem to be the words rather of the Writer concerning Sarah than of Abimelech to Sarah Verse 18. Barrenness is a just punishment for an Incontinent life This may be seen in Solomon who of 300 Concubines and 700 Wives left but one Son Rehoboam and he not very wise to succeed him CHAP. XXI Verse 6. VVE must rejoyce in the least Mercy how greatly then in the greatest our joyes take their measure by our mercies When Sarah had a Son she said God hath made me to laugh so that all that hear me shall laugh with me Her mercy in receiving a Son was so great that it would serve a whole world to make merry with The man that had found his lost Sheep laid it on his shoulders rejoycing it was a pleasant burthen to him and when he came home he called together his Friends and Neighbors saying Rejoyce with me As some afflictions are so big that all our own sorrows are not large enough to weep and mourn over them so some blessings are so big that they call out more than our own affections to rejoyce over them Verse 9. It is not alwayes a disparagement to be laugh'd at the best may be laugh'd at the just upright man is so holiness is under disgrace among unholy men Saint Paul telling this story reports it as a great example of unholy scorn he that was born after the Flesh did persecute him that was born after the Spirit Ishmael persecuted Isaac Moses here tells us the manner how and the weapon wherewith Ishmael did not lift up his hand against Isaac as Cain did against Abel but his tongue he mocked him Those greatest differences in divine Heraldry of being born after the flesh and after the Spirit shew where the quarrel lay it was the spiritualness of Isaac which rendered him so obnoxious to his Carnal Brother Ishmael Isaac was born after the Spirit and doubtless he shewed some fruits of the Spirit which Ishmael did not relish and therefore mocked him And the Apostle gives the reason The natural man receiveth not the things of the spirit of God for they are foolishness unto him 1 Cor. 2. 14. Verse 10. Sarah speaks angerly concerning Ishmael This son of the Bond-woman shall not be Heir with my son and might not God have said as roundly concerning us these bond-slaves of sin and Satan shall not be Heirs with my Son But such is the goodness of our gracious God he deals with us like the Father of the Prodigal Child the Son feared a sharp rebuke and the Father provided a dainty feast And thus God not only pardons our indignities but crowns us with mercies and loving kindness So that we may confess ingeniously with the Prodigal Child We are not worthy to be called thy Sons make us as one of thy hired servants vouchsafe us even the least measure of thy favour and it is more than we can deserve or expect Verse 12. Let us never be ashamed to follow the counsel of such as are discreet and godly Neither is it greatly material who they be that give us good counsel whether our superiors equals or inferiors For we must not weigh so much who is the counsellor as what is the counsel The child is somtimes made able to advise the Father the Servant may somtimes see more than his Master the Wife may sometimes give good counsel to her Husband and it is no dispraise or disparagement for them to hearken to their inferiors but they ought to receive it as a Message brought unto them from God yea if an enemy should perswade us to that which is good we ought to make this benefit and advantage of him as to hearken to our own profit Abraham accounted it no reproach or reproof unto him to obey the Counsel of his Wife when she perswaded him to cast out the Bond-woman and her Son and Abraham is commanded to listen unto it for God said unto him In all that Sarah shall say unto thee hear her voice Away then with the pride and pevishness of all those that take it as a discredit unto
ear was a sign of obedience and figuratively admonished that Servants must not be deaf but quick and ready and willing to hear what is commanded them And spiritually that if we be the Lords Servants he boreth by his holy Grace our Ear that is he maketh us have Ears to hear his holy Word not to cast it behind our Backs and stop our Eares against it but with Care and Zeal and Love we hearken to it as Men and Women whose Eares he hath opened and bored Verse 14. Although the worst men will make use of Gods Altar for their advantage and many will cling fast to it in their extremity who in their welfare regarded it not yet the Altar of God must be no Sanctuary for presumptuous Murtherers And indeed what have bloody hands to do with the holy innocent Altar of God Miserable Murtherers what help can ye expect from that sacred Pile Those Horns that were sprinkled by the bloud of Beasts abhorre to be touch'd by the bloud of Men Gods Altar is for the expiation of sin by bloud not for the protection of the sin of bloud And this was Ioabs Case 1 Kings 2. who fled to the Horns of the Altar and told Benaiah that he would die there but young Solomon was so well acquainted with this Law of God that he sticks not at the killing of Ioab even there For he knew Ioabs Murthers had not been more presumptuous then guiltful and therefore he sends Benaiah to take away the Offender both from God and Men from the Altar and the World Verse 15. God doth not say he that killeth Father or Mother shall be killed for it but he that smiteth so that not so much as a blow is to be given to Parents upon pain of death no not with the tongue may we smite them so great is the honour of Parents before God and so sharp a Judge is God against all abusers of them Verse 17. He that curseth Father or Mother shall surely die saith Moses here and he that is but stubborn towards them shall die saith the same Prophet Deut. 21. 18. The dutiful love of Children to Parents is so rooted in Nature that Demosthenes saith That it is against the impressions and against the Law of Nature for any Child ever to love that man that hath done execution upon his Father though by way of Justice And this natural Obligation is not condition'd with the limitations of a good or a bad Father Natura te non bono patri sed patri conciliavit saith that little great Philosopher Epictetus Nature hath not bound thee to thy Father as he is a good Father but meerly as he is a Father Verse 24. The Light of Reason and Nature given us of God teacheth that what measure we mete it is just we should receive even the like again Neither did Christ repeal this Mat. 5. but only condemn'd the abuse of this Law according to private affections and for the nourishing of private revenge by private CHAP. XXII Verse 9. THe Cause shall be brought before the Iudges saith our English Translation but in the Hebrew it is before the Gods For Magistrates in the Scripture are call'd Gods First by Analogie saith Theodoret as resembling God by having the power of Life and Death Secondly by Participation saith Saint Austin for as Stars participate their light from the Sun so do Rulers their Authority from the Supream Majesty Thirdly by Deputation from God whose Vicegerent they are and to whom they must be accountable for their evil administration Magistrates then being in the place of God and entrusted with his Power must have a care that they represent not God to the World as a corrupt crooked and unrighteous Judge As they are invested with his Name let them indeavour to express his Nature to be both just and merciful Verse 11. In all Oaths God is the chief Witness as in all Judicatures he is the chief Judge and therefore it is call'd here the Oath of the Lord first because God is call'd in as the chief Witness and Avenger Have a care therefore what thou swearest for thou art in the presence of thy Creator who can strike thee both dumb and dead He that made thy Mouth made it for his Glory and if thou turnest that Glory into a Lie know that God will be sure to avenge his own Oath and his own Glory Secondly it is called the Oath of God in this Text because it is taken in his presence For God is Present and President by a particular Providence as Lord Paramount and chief Magistrate higher than the Highest And therefore the Aethiopian Judges do ever leave the chief Seat of Judicature empty as being Gods Place where he standeth or sitteth himself to behold the Actions and Affections of the Court and to passe a Censure as well upon the Judge as the Prisoner or Witness Verse 16. Every Marriage before it be knit should be contracted as it is here and in Deut. 22. 28. which stay between the Contract and the Marriage was the time of longing for their Affection to settle in because the deferring of what we love doth kindle the desire which if it came easily and speedily unto us we set lesse by it Therefore we read that Ioseph and Mary were contracted before married In the Contract Christ was conceived in the Marriage born that he might honour both Estates Verse 29. Thou shalt offer to me saith God the first of thy ripe fruits and of thy liquors as our Translation hath it The word in the original is Lacrimarum and of thy tears The first tears must be offered to God for sin The second and third may be to Nature and Civility and such secular Offices But it is St. Chrysostomes Exclamation will any wash in foul Water for sore Eyes Will any man embalm the Carcass of the World which he treads under foot with those tears which should embalm his Soul Did Ioseph of Arimathea bestow any of the Perfumes though he brought a superfluous quantity for one body upon the body of either of the Theives CHAP. XXIII Verse 1. IF to give the hearing be in some sort to put to the hand surely to have itching ears to hear evil Reports of our Christian Brethren with delight and contentment to believe them is to put to the hand much more Yet what so common in our Mouths as I am not the Author I am not the first Raiser I heard it I have my Author God that made this Law against receiving knoweth that hearing goeth before receiving and if not receive then not hear not believe not report to others Verse 2. If this may not be done in civil Matters much lesse may it be done in Religion and matters of Faith The words are plain Thou shalt not follow a multitude to do evil therefore a multitude may erre and do evil Neither decline after many to overthrow truth therefore a multitude may overthrow truth And how then can it be
breach of Piety punishable with Death Let them also think of those Infernal Ravens and Vultures that shall torment them in Hell and continually feed upon their Souls Verse 10. Because Marriage was appointed a remedy against Fornication therefore the Law of God inflicted a sorer punishment upon him which did commit uncleanness after Marriage than upon him which was not Married because he sinned although he had the remedy of sin like a rich Thief which stealeth and hath no need So Deut. 22. 22. Verse 25. Ye shall make this difference between the clean and unclean Beast saith God First because ye may be at my appointment for your very meat as who am chief Lord of all Secondly that there may be a difference between you and all other People Thirdly that ye may be taught to study purity and know that the very Creatures are defiled by mans sin It is hard to deal in the World and not be defiled with the corruption that is in the World And therefore we are taught by this Law to abstain from the communion of unclean and wicked men in whom are found the malignities and evil properties of all other Creatures CHAP. XXI Verse 17. THis was done to preserve the Dignity of the Priests Calling in that infancy of the Church which otherwise might have come into contempt together with the holy things for the contemptible shew of the Priest Yet thus much we may learn by it further that if these infirmities of body which they could not help made them unfit then to be Priests may not now wilful impiety being a blot in Soul and Mind disable a man from being a Minister to God in his own Conscience although he have the outward calling of men Verse 18. Blind is he who wanting light from above is wholly drowned and overwhelmed with the darkness of this World Lame is he who seeing whither he should go yet is not able through weakness of understanding to get thither but fainteth and faileth stumbleth and trippeth in his going and cometh short of his right end By a flat nose may be noted a weakness in Judgement and Discretion because the nose discerneth good savours from ill as the mind should also do things fit and unfit In the Canticles 7. 4. among the praises of the Spouse it is said her nose is like a tower in Lebanon because by Judgement she discerneth afar off temptation and evils coming as out of a Tower Verse 20. The scab is a foulness arising of an itch and spreading broader and broader if it be not look'd into and thereby is set down the vice of Covetousness which first beginneth with an itching desire and afterward for want of looking to spreadeth to a great foul Vice deforming any man but most unseemly in a Priest who ought to be clean Lâ—â—â—ly by him that hath his stones broken are noted such as though they do not act yet have ever in their minds lewd and unclean thoughts whereby they are so desperately carried away as pure and clean and holy meditations can take no place Verse 22. Albeit blemished persons might not stand at the Altar yet were they allowed to eat the Sacrifices and to be in the Congregation shadowing unt ous that the Church although blemished nevertheless is admitted to the communion and participation of those things which Christ by his eternal Sacrifice hath obtain'd for us And although some one or other infirmity may justly disable thee for such a place either in Church or Common-wealth yet from a place with the Elect either here or for ever it shall not hinder thee No nor ten thousand blemishes if thou art grieved for them and fighting against them dost take hold of thy spotless Saviour as thy help and safety against them all CHAP. XXII Verse 6. NOne but those that were clean might eat of the holy Things nay those that did but enter into the Tabernacle being unclean were threatned with death by God Now what should this solemn preparation under the Type put us in mind of but the true and inward preparation required still of us in the Anti-type that is to teach us that we ought carefully to sanctifie prepare and purifie not our clothes and external parts but our hearts from all sin and impurity before we presume to approach into the presence of God either to eat of Christ our spiritual Passover or to hear and receive his most holy Word And certainly the neglect hereof is the very cause why that Sacrament which is to some the Bread of Life is to others the Bread of Condemnation and that Word of God which is to some the Saviour of Life unto Life is to others the Saviour of Death unto Death Verse 19. A good Work without the heart is but a glorious sin for not so much the things themselves as the affections of men are considered of God One may have a free mind in poverty and a sparing mind in riches so it is not the Work but the Mind Thus the Lord regards not so much the thing done as the heart and mind of him that did it If we build only on the Work we have no better evidence to shew for our salvation then the Devils and Reprobates Not the Work then but the Heart is that that will stand and go for currant to shew this the Lord would have a free-will Offering among all the rest of his Sacrifices hereby shewing that the heart must be joyn'd with obedience nay so much did the Lord regard the Heart that he would not admit of any Gift for the building of the Temple but what came from a free will CHAP. XXIII Verse 2. IN that they were called the Feasts of the Lord men are taught in them to seek and attend such things as belonged to God and not their own business pleasures and sports And in the fourth verse they are called holy Convocations think therefore in your Conscience whether gadding and rioting be holy exercises and meet for an holy Convocation To this end they are still call'd in the Christian Church Holy dayes to put us in mind of the right use of them Verse 3. It is the Sabbath of the Lord in all your dwellings Wherefore saith St. Augustine learn that no place priviledgeth thee to break Gods Law but as being a sinner whithersoever thou goest thou carriest the yoak of sin so being the servant of God in all places obey his Will Verse 5. O marvellous accordance betwixt the two Testaments in the very time of their delivery there is the same agreement which is in their substance The ancient Iews kept our Feasts and we still keep theirs The Feast of the Passover is the time of Christs Resurrection then did he passe from under the bondage of Death Christ is our Passover the spotless Lamb whereof not a bone must be broken And so likewise the very day wherein God came down in Fire and Thunder to deliver the Law even the same day came also the Holy Ghost
Prayers We beat our Servants if they offend us being but men as they are and may not God then beat us for our faults he being our Creator and we but dust Thus make use of these Curses and instead of them God ever give us for Christs sake his blessings both Temporal and Eternal both of this World and also of that better to come Verse 23. How oft have we seen the same Field both full and famishing how oft the same Waters safe and by some irruption or new tincture hurtful Howsoever natural causes may concur Heaven and Earth and Ayre and Waters follow the temper of our soules of our lives and are therfore indisposed because we are so He turneth the Heavens into brasse saith this Text and the Earth into iron And so Psal. 107. He turneth the Rivers into a wildernesse and water-springs into a dry ground for the wickedness of the Inhabitants Verse 31. If sorrow be in the eye it will not stay long from the heart And therefore the Lord here threatens his People thus in case of disobedience Thine oxe shall be slain before thine eyes And vers 67. he shewes what Convulsions and Divisions of spirit the Visions of the Eye would bring upon them The fear of the Heart and the sight of the Eye are near adjoyned The sight of the Eye caused the fear of the Heart and both were as concauses of those distracting thoughts and wishes there of hasting the morning to the evening and againe suddainly reducing back the evening to the morning Unlesse sorrow be hid from the Eyes it can hardly be kept from the Heart It is an usuall custome if a man be but let bloud to bid him turn away his head if he be faint-hearted for the sight of his bloud will make his heart faint and so from more gashly spectacles men commonly turn away their faces which is to keep sorrow from their sorrow and so from their Hearts Verse 47. As there is no affliction so there is no outward blessing can change the Heart or bring it about unto God Abundance as you see here doth not draw the heart unto God yet Satan when he came before the Lord Iob 1. would infer that it doth asking God the Question Doth Iob serve God for nought which might well be retorted upon Satan himself Satan why didst not thou serve God then Thou didst once receive more outward blessings from God then ever Iob did the blessedness of an Angel Yet that glorious Angelical estate wherein thou wast created could not keep thee in the compasse of obedience thou didst rebel in the abundance of all blessings thine own apostacy refutes thine errour in making so little of Iobs obedience because he had received so much and confirms the truth of this Text that it is not Abundance that makes Gods People serve him CHAP. XXIX Verse 4. VVE see no further than God gives us light and so far as he leads us we go right if he withdraw we turn aside and quickly wander from the way of truth and righteousnesse Thus Moses speakes here of the many signes and wonders which God wrought in the midst of that People which they did not understand Why what was the reason Moses tels us expresly The Lord had not given them an heart to conceive c. They had sensitive Eyes and Ears yea they had a rational heart or mind but they wanted a spirituall Eye to see a spiritual Ear to hear a spiritual Heart to apprehend and improve those wonderful works of God and these they had not because God had not given them such Eyes Ears and Hearts Wonders without Grace cannot open the Eyes fully but Grace without wonders can And as man hath not an Eye to see the wonderful works of God spiritually until it is given so much lesse hath he an Eye to see the wonders of the Word of God till it be given him from above Verse 12. This hath been the practise of Gods Children in Scripture to consecrate themselves to God by Vow or Covenant Thus Moses here after he had given the Law to the People causeth them to enter into Covenant for the performance of it Nor is it without singular reason that godly men have taken this course that hereby they might be the more strongly obliged to God and God to them There is indeed a sufficient obligation in Gods Precepts to require our obedience but when to his Precepts we add our own Promise it is so much the more engaging True it is the Creatures natural Obligation to his Creators Command is so great that in its self it is not capable of addition but yet our voluntary Promises serve to inflame our Luke-warmnesse and stir up our backwardnesse to obedience Indeed a religious resolution is as the putting of a new rowel into a spurre which maketh it the sharper the twisting of another thred into the rope whereby it is the stronger And hence it is that as God in condescention to our weakness hath annexed an oath to his Promises not to make them firmer in themselves but to confirme us the more So godly men in consideration of their own dulness adjoyn their Promises to Gods Precepts not to strengthen their force in enjoyning but to quicken themselves the more in observing Verse 18. Nothing is more bitter then sin and therefore compared here to gall and wormwood Lest there be among you any root that beareth gall wormwood i. e. least any person among you should commit this wickednesse namely Idolatry which will be as distastefull to God as gall is to man and which will be as bitter as gall to the man who commits it whether we consider the bitternesse of repentance if it be pardoned or the bitternesse of paine if he persisting in it impenitently be punished Verse 29. When secret things are revealed unto us of God we ought to endeavour to learn them to understand them to publish them and speak of them to others Whensoever God hath a mouth to speak we must have an ear to hear Therefore Moses saith Secret things belong to the Lord but the things revealed belong unto us to our children Which may serve to reprove all such as refuse to look into these revealed things of God but dwel in blindnesse and ignorance Of this sort are the greatest number of Christians they are wise enough to look into their own profit but they care not for the wisdome that is of God they are brought up in the Church but know not the Doctrine of the Church whereas being brought up in the Schoole of Christ they must every day be profiting and going forward CHAP. XXX Verse 2. THere is no returning without hearing nor hearing without believing nor believing to be believed without doing Returning is all these therefore where Christ saith that if those works had been done in Tyre and Sidon Tyre and Sidon would have repented in sackcloth and ashes In the Syriack translation of saint Matth we have this