get But if what 's forg'd thy Signet signe The Armes and Cosenage too are Thine Next Damasippus does appear A Consul and a Chariotier Who when his Lust his State had crack'd Hir'd to the Common Stage does Act In Others parts he may excell His Own part sure he Acts not well The Sword-fight does not Gracchus shame Who though he scapes yet wounds his Fame Nero is good to Kill and Sing The Poet then to view does bring Catiline and Cethegus's Plot Fair was their Birth their Fact a Blot Whiles Tully Marius and the brave Decii by worth made Fame their Grave What is' t to boast of Ancient Blood He only's Truly Great that 's Good WHat avail Pedegrees what is' t to owe Fame Ponticus to Ancient Blood and shew Ancestors Painted How th' Aemilii stand In Chariots The Now half-fall'n Curii and Corvinus his diminish'd Nose or Old Galba without Nose or Ear Times so Bold In a large Genealogy what good Is it to boast of Great Corvinus Blood Then branch-out 1 smoak'd Progenitours though true Some Generalls of the Horse Dictators too If now the Lepidi live ill we sleight Their Warlike Statues if Thou Dice all night Before thy portray'd valiant Numantines And â—oesâ— to sleep when Venus's Star first shines When they â—ov'd Camp and Ensigns Shall Higâ— Race Shall 2 th' Allobrogians and Great Altar grace Herculean Fabius Greedy Vain of Ham VVeak and more soft then an Euganean Lamb If that a Catanaean Pumice-stone Smooth his leud loins that now a shame he 's grown To 's rough-hair'd Grandsires If he poison buys For which 3 his Statue's broke and 's Kindred crys Though in thy Hall wax-Images we see Vertue 's the only true Nobilitie Live like good Paulus Cossus Drusus and Before thy Statues let these VVorthies stand Let These before thy Consul's Rods still go To me the Riches of the Mind first owe. Deserv'st to be held pure and Just tow'rds Men In word and Deed I 'le grant thee Noble then Hail Great Getulian or Silanus be Noble whats'ere thou art by Pedegree Th' art a Rare Cittizen with a full voice Of Fame thy Country does for Thee Rejoice I 'le cry aloud what the AEgyptian Rout VVhen they had found Osyrâ—â— bellow'd-out VVill any call him Noble that defames His Stock and only brags of Noble Names So we some Great Mens Dwarf an Atlas call A Black-Moor so a Swan a wench that 's small And crooked an Europa Hounds not quick Grown bare with an old Scurf and that still lick The sides of wasted Lamps the names do bear Of Libard Tiger Lion or whats'ere Earth knows more fierce Take heed then least thou grow A Creticus or Camerinus So. VVhom warn I thus Rubellius Plaulus Thee That swell'st with thy high Drusian Pedegree As if Thou somewhat had'st perform'd which might Deserve a Noble Mother of the bright High Julian Race 4 not one that for hire sits In the bleak wind and some poor Loom-work fits You under-men say'st Thou are our base rout VVhose Parents Country no man can find-out But I from Cecrops sprung Live then and much Joy take in This thy Birth yet know that such A Gown'd rout often to the Law-Courts sends An Eloquent Quiritian who defends A Noble Block-head Opens all his Cause Solving the knots and Riddles of the Laws The youthfull Rout has at Euphrates warr'd And tam'd Batavia which our Eagles guard They toil'd in Armes Thou only mak'sh thy boast Th' art a Cecropian Th' art 5 a Hermes-Post Only this odds to thee His Statue gives That has a Matble Head Thy Image Lives Tell me Great Trojan who did ever hold Beasts of good race unless they 're strong and bold A race-horse so we praise whose fiery pace And Conquest the hoarse Circus oft does grace He 's Right wheresoe're bred who clearly best In flight raises the dust before the rest Hirpinus and Corytha's breed we sell If on their Neck Triumph does seldome dwell There 's no respect of Sires and Ghosts They 're scorc'd Away at Low rates to new Masters Forc'd In waggons with gaul'd necks they draw when slow VVhen fit to turn Nepos his Mill they grow That then we may not Titles praise but Thee Do somewhat which may on Thy Statue be Inscrib'd beside those Honours which thou know'st VVere Theirs to whom what yet thou hast thou ow'st Thus much be spoken to the Youth whom Fame Says Nero's kindred does too much inflame For almost common sense is hardly found In such Great State But be not Thou renown'd Ponticus by thy Titles Get a Name Thy self 'T is poor to build on others Fame Least when the Pillars fail the roof does fall Weak Vines to Widdow-Elmes for Help do call Be a good Souldier Gardian Umpire and When in a doubtfull Cause thou needs must stand A Witness should Phalaris bid thee be False shew his Bull and Dictate Perjury Life before Vertue count it leud to choose Do not to Save Life th' Ends we live for loose He that deserves death dies Alive although His Lust an hundred Gaurane Oysters throw Down his vast throat and in choise Ointments swim In Cosmus's Brass-Bath swelling to the brim VVhen Thou some Province dost at last obtain Bridle thy Wrath thy Avarice restrain Pitty our poor Associates heavy groans Some have left Kings no Marrow in their bones Mark what the Laws admonish what the State What good rewards upon the Good do wait And with how just a thunder Capito And Tutor fell who spoil'd Cilicia though The Senate's sentence saves not from such theft VVhen Pansa robs thee of what Natta left Sell thy Cloaths straight Chaerippus by some Cryer Complain 6 not Loose not too the Ship-mans Hire 'T were Madness Gentler sighs and wounds insu'd From loss to our Associates when subdu'd At First when yet they flourish'd Then appear'd Plenty in ev'ry house Mony stood rear'd In heaps with Spartan cloaks Purples from Co Parrbasian peeces Myro's Statues Loe Phidias his Ivory did Live no place But borrow'd from Polyclete's Art some grace Few tables without Mentor's bowls These drew Antonie Dolobella Verres too To Sacriledge Their deep Ships close Increase Of Spoils did bring more Triumphs from a Peace The Oxen now and Mares though few they 'l take The Bull and little Field a Prey they 'l make The House-Gods next if Statue worth their theft They find if some small shrine has one God left These now are All sure These are Cheif Thou 'lt slight Perchance weak Rhodes and 'nointed Corinth's might Justly what 7 dares Their gumm'd youth Interprize Like War what dares that Nation of smooth thighs But shun rough Spain the Gaulish Chariots and Th' Illyrian Coast and keep thy bolder hand From th' Africk Mowers who our plenty send Whiles we the Circus and the Stage intend What yet shall such Crime gain 8 when ev'n to th' shirt Marius of late has th' Africans ungirt Look thou no gross wrong do to such as are Valiant and poor for
whose shameless incestes and adulteries are largely related by Sueton in his Life cap. 24 25 and 36. His horrible countenance also is noted by the same Author cap. 50. in these words Vultum verâ— naturâ— horridum ac tetrum etiam ex industriâ efferabat componens ad speculum in oâ—nem terrorem ac formidinem Which I may grant to be marks of the adulterer here described yet they are but some of them and to pronounce a judgment on the whole person for some few signs were but to imitate an unskilfull Physiognomer There are then three more delivered in this place The first that he did at the same time put in execution Laws against Adultery when he himself committed the same The Second that a Cheif Adulteress with whom he offended was called Julia The Third that she had Abortives or untimely Births none of which are by these Interpreters proved to be recorded of Him There is indeed cap. 25. mention made of one whom he adulterously abused and quickly dismissing commanded her to abstain from the bed of any man for ever after but there is no mention of putting en execution Laws against Adultery 〈◊〉 sides the word nuper which notes the season of this fact must be drawn back very much from Juvenal's time who writ partly in the raign of Domirian to Caligula's and so be understood of crimes committed about 40. years before which will but inconveniently be carried by the propertie of the word naper and therefore we may nor yeild to this first opinion A second is of them that appliâ— this to Claudiâ—s the Emperor who after the execution of his leud wife Moffaâ—â—na married the daughter of his brother Germaâ—â—icus Julia Agrippius the mother of Nero and by a decree of the Senate made such incestuous marriages lawful for any man as Tacitus notes in his Annals lib. 12. nere the beginning By which we find him guilty of incest but not of adultery Agrippina being a widow when he married her as Tacitus there testifies Besides that he reviv'd Laws against adultery the Interpreters take not the pains to prove Moreover whereas some Expositers make Claudius very ill-favour'd Sucton accurate in the description of his Emperors bestows a better visage on him cap. 30. saying Authoritas dignitasque forma non defuit stanti velsedenti ac praecipuè quiescenti and adding that he was specie canitieque putchrâ Indeed he describes his Laughter and his Anger to have been very unseemly but Now we speak of his Own face not of the face of his Passions But the word naper will not so readily admit likewise this opinion there being 27. years between Claudius his End and Domitian's Beginning Wherefore in a third Opinion we may rather look upon Domitian to whom the Time agrees and the Fact he having not only corrupted many mens wives but also more particularly taken away Domitia Longina from her husbâ—md Aelius Lamia and made her his own wife as Sueton relates in this Domitian cap. 1. Yet he made Laws against dishonest women reviv'd the Scantinian Law against unnatural lust and another against the prophane pollution of the Vestal Virgins and put a Roman Knight out of the number of the Judges because after that he had accused and dismissed his wife for adultery he took her again as Sueton relates cap. 8. He desil'd also his brother Thus his daughter Julia who was at that time another man's wife and when her father and husband were both dead he sham'd not to love her openly yet was he the cause of her death by forcing her to abortion as Sutton cap. 22. testifies saying Vt etiam cause morris extiterit coact ae conceptum a se abigere This therefore we must conclude to be the person here intended Only there is yet one doubt to be remov'd Juvenal seeming here to implie his ill visage in those words abortivas patrue similes offâ—â— whereas Sueton cap. 18. says that he was vultu modesto and afterward praterea pulcher ac decens Indeed after the first words vultu modesto he adds ruborisque pleno which if they be taken only as an interpretation of the former then must they fignifie only that he was much subject to blushing which is also implyed in that chapter but if they be expounded of his constant colour as the words do aptly bear it then they will most litterally and exactly expound these words of our Poet and Domitian's complexion partrus similes offas But Juvenal's sense may be made more easy and appliable if we understand this not of Domitian's complexion but of his conditions in respect of which he might figuratively be call'd an Abortive and so like the fruit which he got and destroy'd 8. The Scantinian Law When a Stoick objected to Laronia a bold harlot the Julian Law against Adultery she requited him by objecting the Scantinian Law against Unnatural Lust a Law so nam'd not from him that made it but from Scantinius who was the occasion of it by his crime Which manner of giving names to Laws it being less usual some have denied but you may see it justified by Janus Parrhasius Epiâ—â— 23. by the like among the Graecians who made the Laâ—an Law mentioned by Plate of the same nature with the Scantinian upon occasion of the like crime committed by Laius 9. By their thick Squadrons Junctaque umbone phalanges An expression of companions in Vice desending themselves like souldiers when for fifty they joine their targets so that one touches anothers boss as when according to some they cast themselves as an the assaulting of a fort into the military figure of the testadâ— or the torteiseshell which in Guâ—llâ—â—â—e du Choul in his Discours sur la Castraâ—etation des Romains fol. 41. b. is thus represented 10. The wrastlers bread Coliphia Some take Colophia to be a strong kind of meat made of cheese and flower but Rigaltius on this place takes it to be the same with the Athenian 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which were pernae gammons of bacon which we may grant to be a strong meat yet there is no prooffor such derivation of the word Junius would have it in an unclean sense to signifie the form of the loaf not unlike the glasse priapus Sat. 2. from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 membrum though there is no necessitie of such unseemly signification from the word it self Wherefore the usual derivation from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 seems best as if only transposing the words the food had been called strong-limbs metonymically from the effect of it Which varietie of expositions may be drawn from the note which the Scholiast gives on this place Pulmentum sive membrum aut potius athletarum cibum dicit The last part of which annotation I think to be the best so that it shall in general signifie the wrastlers diet as Buâ—â—aeus thinks Yet because the coliphia seem to have been some special part of that diet and most probably loaves as we may conjecture from
Caves He never sings Nor with an Ivy-dart divinely raves Whose sober poverty night and day craves For mony which the Bodies wants supplies Horace 9 is full when once he Obe cries VVho displays Wit whom ought but verse perplexes When Bacchus Cyrrha's Lord our full breasts vexes When Nysa's Lord Apollo drives our VVit VVhich never can at once two Cares admit 'T is for an Ample Mind not one half-dead VVith Care to get a blanket to his bed To fancy Chariots Horses the Gods faire Shapes and the dire Erynnis that did stare On the amaz'd Rutilian King For grant That Virgil does a needful Servant want And a convenient Lodging quickly all The Snakes from his Alecto's Curles would fall Dull would his Trumpet sound without all State Of Greif VVe'd have 10 Rubrenus Lappa's Fate Be like his Muse The Ancient Buskin he Shall match though his small dishes and Cloak be At pawn to Atreus Numitor the wretch For 's Friend has nothing but a Guift hee 'l fetch For his Quintilla and without all need Bought a tam'd Lion which on Flesh does feed The Beast's kept Cheaper sure I that 's it Pie on 's A Poets guts will hold more then a Lyons Lucan may in his Marble Gardens lie Content with Fame but how will this supplio Sarranus and Saleius's wants what 's Fame VVhat 's Glory if 't is but an Emptie Name They run with joy to the sweet voice and verse Of Thebais when Statius does rehearse And sets a Day they 're caught with such delight The People hear with such an Appetite But 11 when his verse has crack'd the Seats he may Be starv'd if Paris buy not his new Play Agave Military Honours He Gives He 12 Knights Poets whom adorn'd we see VVith their Gold-half-years-rings for witness So VVhat Lords give not a Player does bestow Yet dost still after Camerinus run And Bareas Dost not your Lords Porches shun A Pelopea 't is can Praefects make Some Tribunes are for Philomela's sake Yet Envy not the Poet that 13 is fed By his Stage Labours For should'st thou want bread VVho 's a Metaenas Now A Fabius A Proculeius Cotta Lentulus VVit then had just reward Now some must pine Look pale and all December know no wine But now Historians your more fruitful task A great deal more of Time and Oile does ask For beyond mean the Thousandth Page does rise It grows with loss of Paper yet such size Numbers of Facts and Laws of Story yield VVhat 's yet the Crop the Fruits of this Plow'd field Does not a Notary gain more by 's trade They 're Sluggs you 'll say and love the Roof and shade Shew then that Lawyers Pleadings be less vain And what the bundled Books they bring do gain They Mouth it much but chiefly when they see The Creditor they Plead for or when He VVhom fear makes fiercer jogs them so 14 to get By proof from his Great Book a doubtful Debt Their hollow bellows then vast Lies do blow Their breasts bespaul'd But if their Crop you 'd know An Hundred Lawyers equal scarce by weight The 15 Red-coat Chariotier Lacerta's state The Leaders sit pale Ajax thou dost rise To save one's Question'd state Thy 16 Judge is wise Bubulcus Fool thy entrals crack that Tird Green 17 Palmes may make thy stairs and thee admir'd What 's thy Tongues Hire Some shrunk Gammon a Dish Of Tunnies or your 18 Moor's state Monthly-Fish Or Wine brought down by Tiber Thou shalt have Five Flaggons for four Pleadings and that 's Brave But if some Gold thou get'sts for some hard Cause By compact hee 'l have part that shew'd the Laws They 'l give Aemilius what he 'l aske yet we Plead better but in his large Porch they see A brazen Chariot four brave Horses and Himself on a fierce Warlike Steed his hand With bended Spear threatning aloft doth fright His one eyed Statue Meditates a Fight Thus 19 Pedo breaks Matho Tongillus too That makes with his great Oil-horn much a do Vexing the Baths with his dagg'd rout and oft His long-pol'd Litter Maesian slaves aloft Bear through the Forum You would think he 'd buy Boys Plate Myrrhe-vessels Farmes The Purple die Of his broad-studded Coat and Tyrian thread Promise no less Yet many a crafty head Gains thus Your Purple and Violet be Colours of Art They Mount your Lawyers Fee Yet they must Ruffle't and more wealth pretend But Rome to such expence Now sets no End Liv'd th' Ancients Now Cicero 20 ne're should see Two hundred Sesterces for his best Fee Wore he not a huge glist'ring Ring Who will Go Now to Law makes This his first Note still If thou hast eight Litter-men half a score Foll'wers a Chair behind 21 Gown'd Friends before Paulus did therefore still plead with a hir'd Sardonix got more ' cause thus admir'd Then Cossus could or Basilus 'T is Rare If Eloquence be found in Gown thread-bare When brings in Basilus a weeping Mother VVho'll hear him plead though well Seek then some other Law-Courts in France or Africa the Nurse Of Lawyers Tongue-work there may fill thy purse Thou Iron-breasted Vectius teachest Boys How to Declame 22 though their full Forms with noise Have kill'd fierce Tyrants For what on his Seat He read ev'n now standing he does repeat Tuning the same things in the same words still Such oft-dress'd 23 Colewort does poor Masters kill The Reasons of a Cause the kind the main Point and what Darts may be return'd again All fain would learn Reward none does bestow Reward says one why pray y' what do I know The Masters blam'd when in a heart unfit Th' Arcadian block-head has no spark of wit Each 24 Sixt day his dire Hannibal my pate Does fill in doubt from Cannae to march straight To Rome or after storms and thunder stay And lead his well-wash'd Troops some other way I le give straight what thou'lt ask if thou canst make A Father hear his Son so oft Some take A better course yet for some six or more Sophisters in the Courts with like throat roar They plead True Causes and leave-off to speak Of Poisons Feign'd Rapes Husbands that break Their Vow and Mortars that strange Med'cines hold Temper'd by Art to Cure the Blind though old The Rod of Freedome then he should bestow Upon Himself could I prevaile and go In a New way of Life who should descend From Rhet'rick Shade to Law-fight least he spend His little Coine which must get him a small Corn-mark That 's his Best pay Learn what is All Chrysogonus and Pollio get t' impart To Great mens sons near Theodorus's Art Their 25 Baths shall cost six Hundred their walks more Where they may ride when 't rains should they indure Till the Skie's fair or soil their Mules so fine Heer rather here their neat Mule's hoof may Shine Yonder 26 a Feasting-room shall mount on high Numidian Pillars breasting th' Eastern Skie VVhats'ere This costs a Carver shall beside Order each
Thesaurus Geograph places Vejentum in Campania as he notes out of Acron upon Horace 2. Serm. which peradventure was the reason of Lubin's assertion and mistake that this wine was de Agro Campano but according to Brodaeus his intimation it grew North-ward from Rome and so sutably to the Poets description The solution of which doubt may breifly be obtain'd if we observe the varietie of Places in names oft times not much various Though then we grant with Ortelius a Town in Campania call'd Vejentum yet we must also grant another called Veii in Hetruria where the wine call'd the Vejentan wine grew as Lubin himself on Persius Sat. 5. on those words Vejentanumque rubellum observes though unhappily in this place he thought not on it And this acknowledgment agrees both with Brodaeus his exposition and the sense of this place which implies that this wine grew not far from Tiber and Northward from Rome which is agreeable to a part of Hetruria whence by opportunitie of the River it was conveniently brought to the City And such Vejentan wine of a dark-red colour being neither very good nor far fetch'd was made the sorry reward for a poor Lawier and such according to Persius as the niggardly Seaman afforded himself 19. Thus Pedo breaks Matho Tongillus too That makes with his great Oil-horn much ado Sic Pedo conturbat Matho deficit exitus hic est Tongilli magno cum Rhinocerote lavari Qui solet The Poet here sodainly turns his speech expressing that though some crafty and vaunting Lawier got more then the meaner and simpler sort of that profession by a pretence of wealth yet it was but facie majoris vivere census pretence of riches and that at last they did by such means break as is implied in the word sic and conturbat conturbare fortunas being to turn bank-rupt I need not here refute Lubin's first opinion who once did read Matho dejicit that he supplanted poorer Lawiers he himself being rich and having his new Litter as is expressed in the first Satyre in those words Causidici nova cum veniat Lectica Mathonis both because Lubin did rerract his opinion and that indeed it was but a pretence of wealth as Martial intimates in that passage Non tu propterea sed Matho pauper crit But here in the description of Tongillus his vanitie we may observe that the Poet mentioning his bringing to the Bath on Oile-horn not of the ordinary sort of a Bull 's horn but in pride the horn of a Rhinoceros by Britannicus here called Alicornus does by a figure put the beast for the horn 20. Cicero ne're should see Two hundred Sesterces for his best see Ciceroni nemo ducentos Nunc dederit nummos Some would have nummus the same with drachma which in ordinary acception and the lowest of diverse being in value 4 d. 200. would amount unto 3 l. 6 s. 8 d. But the nummus being by the general consent of the learned the same with Sestertius and so but 1 d. ob qa q. if it be multiplied by 200. comes but to 1 l. 11 s. 3 d. which is the summe here intended See more largely of this Nummus Sat. 11. Illust 2. 21. Gown'd friends before Togati Ante pedes The Poet describes the Pomp of the thriving at least of the pretending Lawiers who had their eight Servants to carry them in their Litter half a score Attendants with a Chair brought after them for their change at pleasure and other Citizens their friends who went before them in their gowns to grace such their Patrons antepedes being as much as anteambulones and as Agraetius the old Grammarian in his book de proprietate differentia sermonis tells us Circumpedes sunt obsequia servorum antepedes amicorum To which sense Martial says Sum comes ipse tuns tumidique anteambulo regis Thus only the rich and vaunting Lawiers were imploy'd especially in the weightiest causes how small so ever their skill was whiles the poor ones though able and eloquent such as Basilus were neglected especially if the cause were of moment as by pleading to preserve the life of an offending Son in danger of death by the Law In which case the Lawiers did use to bring-in a weeping Mother brothers and kindred to move compassion by tears in which case says the Poet they never imploy a poor though eloquent Basilus but your ruffling pretenders 22. Though their full forms with noise Have kill'd fierce Tyrants Cum perimit savos classis numerosa tyrannot Some make the sense to be Thou O iron-breasted Vectius teachest Shool-boys by thy art of Rhetorick to declame who in their Declamations kill fierce Tyrants that is perswade others to kill them But this exposition Lubin justly rejects thinking it an allusion to Dionysius the Sicilian Tyrant who was fain to teach a School at Corinth and as the Poet by an aggravation says was even killed with the continual hearing of Shool-boy's repetitions for so he adds Occidit miseros c. so that he speaks not of a fictitious killing of Tyrants in declamations but the very killing of the wretched Rhetoricians that continually taught and heard such declamations 23. Such oft-dress'd Colewort does poor Masters kill Occidit miseros Crambe repetita magistros The reading and interpretation which here I use as it was long since preserr'd by Politian so is it now the most receiv'd and as I think the most natural and so the best being an allusion to the Greek proverb 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 so that as Colewort twice or more often serv'd-up was esteem'd so loathsome that it was accounted as a deadly dish so loathsome likewise so deadly were such declamations This were enough for the exposition of this place but that for delight I may add the fancies of others Scoppa then in his Collect. lib. 2. cap. 2. reads Cambre and alleges a book concerning the mirabilia Puteolorum wherein it is said that Cambre was a Town destroy'd by the Cumani in remembrance whereof a story was written called Cambre which as the author says was read in Schools and understood in this verse by Juvenal this story upon no other hear-say Scoppa likes and it is alleg'd also by Pulmannus but from Scoppa Ponticus Virunnius cited by Ortelius in his Thesaur Geograph in the words Britaniae Insulae thinks that by Cambre for so he also reads Juvenal in this Satyre means Wales Cambria If I may guess at the occasion of his mistake and appetite so to expound it I should think it was to please the Bodoërian familie famous in His time about the year 1490 in Venice but of British race in favour of whom to shew the British Antiquities he did epitomize the first six books of Jeffry of Monmouth's ten books but I leave it to the reader to judge if his opinion here be not as wide from the truth as Wales from Venice One fancie more I may allege and that is of the old Scholiast who upon
Sylla and Marius went not under the names of the Nobility and the People yet we may remember that Sylla was of the ancient family of the Scipio's and Marius of very mean birth so that Sylla's actions might in Juvenal's guess seem to aim at Tyranny as the actions of Marius at Liberty Next we may take notice that Sertorius was of the Marian party and so Juvenal as one giving his judgement of actions though of ancient time seems to account Marius and His friends to have been of the two sides the truer Romans and accordingly these Vascons which took part with Sertorius When as then Florus in the words above cited says that Calaguris and the other Cities were reduced in Romanam sidem to the Roman allegiance he speaks after the common manner of Historians it being to the allegiance of the Roman City in title but in effect and in Juvenal's judgement to the Syllan Faction As for some smaller doubts in this passage we may take notice that one Manuscript has here antiqui â—tate metalli but this will not bear a trial since antiquim metallum as it must imply a better metal so a better age than that wherein these Vascons were thus distressed which must be acknowledged to have been but a part of the Iron-Age Secondly by the plenty of Learning and the French Instruction of the Britans our Author seems amongst other things to intimate the exercises perform'd at Lions and mentioned Sat. 1. Thirdly we must with him distinguish between the Britans and the Britons the first being the people of our own Countrey Britany the last the Britons being the Inhabitants of Bretaigne in the North west of France Lastly we may take notice of their earthen ships if we may so call them which in those times of less experience the Aegyptians did use the possibility of which we may proportionally understand by a less experience whiles we see earthen vessels either empty or full swim in a little water and that fresh also which is of less strength They had also anciently boats made of twigs covered with lead See Dr. Hackwit's learned Apol. lib. 3. cap. 9. Sect. 4. 12. Or when a Babe's interr'd as for the fire Top young Vel terrâ— clauditur infans Et minor igue regi The Poet here implies the custome of the Ancients in burying not burning the bodies of Infants which died before they had Teeth as Pliny notes lib. 7. and that is as he adds not till the 7th moneth and the graves of such infants they called Suggrundiaria as I have noted before Sat. 1. Illustrat 51. Which Roman Custome it seems did extend sometimes as far as the Roman Empire as may appear from Joan Baptista Suarez de Salazar in his Antiguedades Gaditanas lib. 1. cap. 4. p. 294. c. Where describing Cadiz he tells us that there are vaults wrought in stone under ground 14 foot in length in bredth and depth 7 foot and that within in the sides there are open pots and at the bottom or floor of the vaults there are coals and bones of a large stature and round about there are some small vessels with inscriptions And in some of the pots he says there are small bones without any sign of ashes or coals and then presents a description of the Suggrundarium See also of this point Pedro de Medina in his vvork De Grandez as de Espana cap. 30. in the description of Cadiz 13. The vvild beast vvill spare one like spotted Parcit Cognatis maculis fera There is no good man says the Poet but must acknovvledge himself subject to the calamities of life and therefore should compassionate others in their distress if he vvill be truly a good man such an one as 〈◊〉 vvorthy of Ceres her secret torch that is such an one as vvill presume to be present at her sacred Rites all leud persons being by the voice of a Crier forbidden to approach unto her Sacra vvhich vvere by Matrons perform'd in the Night vvith Lights in remembrance that Ceres did in like â—â—â—ner seek after Proserpina Indeed says he that vve should be tender hearted nature has fram'd us making us to exceed beasts by giving to Them a soul as Philosophy calls it but to us a Mind the margin of one Manuscript Corpus-Christi aptly having this note Anima est quâ vivimus animou quâ— sapimus superior scilicet pars animae Ausonius Pâ—â—â—â— also shews the same from other Authorities Yet even beasts says he do now exceed us in these instructions of nature Men being unnatural one towards another as these Tentyrites were but even a wild beast being tender towards another wild beast Yet Brodaeus in his Miscell lib. 3.28 reckons up divers creatures that prey upon their own kind as the hippopotamus a beast that lives in Niâ—â—â— Sows She cats the Swan the spawning Tunâ—ie-fish the Polypus a fish of many feet and the wild asse This he does in refutation of Juvenal and that passage in Horace Neque hic lupis mos nec fuit leâ—â—â—â—â— nunquam nisi in dispar seris Yet Brodaens adds Hâ—rum tamen fides sit penes authores but what needed he then to have troubled himself with a seeming refutation 14. Nor could his belly some course Pulse obtain Et ventri indulsit non omne legumen That Pythagoras abstain'd from Flesh and Beans has been a general and receiv'd tradition the reason of the first proceeding as is thought from his fond belief of a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or passage of the soul of man in death into other creatures and consequently from a fear of cruelty in feeding on them the reason of the last his abstaining from beans passing as a secret amongst his followers as may appear by a story in the life of Pythagoras written by Jamblichus cap. 31. Vitio there relates that Dimâ—â—siâ—â— the Tyrant the younger having a great appetite to know this secret caused a couple of this Sect to be brought before him one Myllias a Crâ—tâ—nian and his wife Timycha a Lacedamonian but the man being asked the reason made answer that the Pythagoraeans indeed did choose to die rather than to eat beans and I said he will rather dye than reveal the reason Whereupon says the Author he being with indignation sent away the woman now destitute of the company and encouragement of her husband threatned also with tortures to declare the reason was tried with the same question but being it seems more Pythagoraean than Woman she bit out her tongue and spit it in the face of the Tyrant I Howsoever after-times are not altogether ignorant of the mysterie the same Jamblichus cap. 24. in general tells us that it was 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 for many sacred and natural causes concerning the soul But Diogenes Laertius in the life of Pythagoras descends to particulars alledging Aristotle and saying that such abstinence from beans as he conjectured was 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i.e. sive quod pudendis similes sint sive quod inferni