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to_o relieve_v their_o necessity_n and_o no_o question_n but_o nature_n have_v store_v every_o country_n with_o some_o commodity_n or_o other_o which_o by_o traffic_n may_v draw_v riches_n from_o other_o region_n as_o by_o instance_n may_v more_o particular_o appear_v hereafter_o when_o we_o shall_v speak_v of_o particular_a region_n and_o their_o several_a accident_n 2_o all_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n have_v suffer_v manifold_a alteration_n and_o change_n as_o well_o in_o name_n as_o nature_n i_o need_v not_o spend_v time_n to_o demonstrate_v this_o assertion_n for_o that_o every_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n have_v be_v subject_a to_o much_o mutation_n in_o the_o process_n of_o time_n as_o well_o in_o nature_n of_o the_o soil_n as_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n a_o few_o obvious_a instance_n in_o each_o country_n will_v easy_o certify_v yet_o will_v it_o not_o seem_v amiss_o i_o hope_v to_o show_v the_o progress_n manner_n and_o cause_n of_o this_o alteration_n which_o will_v give_v no_o small_a satisfaction_n to_o discourse_v of_o all_o change_n according_a to_o all_o time_n be_v a_o matter_n infinite_a we_o may_v refer_v all_o to_o two_o head_n to_o wit_n the_o change_n of_o name_n and_o the_o change_n of_o nature_n concern_v the_o former_a that_o most_o country_n have_v change_v their_o first_o and_o original_a name_n be_v most_o evident_a to_o such_o as_o consult_v the_o map_n and_o write_n of_o our_o common_a geographer_n for_o few_o or_o none_o will_v discover_v unto_o we_o any_o region_n by_o that_o name_n by_o which_o it_o be_v know_v in_o former_a time_n in_o so_o much_o as_o great_a controversy_n and_o dispute_n have_v grow_v about_o diverse_a country_n mention_v by_o ancient_a writer_n whereof_o the_o name_n shall_v take_v its_o first_o original_a but_o of_o this_o change_n we_o shall_v speak_v hereafter_o but_o if_o we_o
peninsula_n the_o most_o famous_a be_v africa_n scandia_n taurica_n chersonesus_n peloponnesus_n and_o america_n peruana_n that_o little_a parcel_n of_o land_n which_o join_v this_o peninsula_n with_o the_o main_a land_n we_o call_v a_o isthmus_n which_o be_v a_o narrow_a neck_n of_o land_n betwixt_o two_o sea_n join_v two_o continent_n such_o as_o be_v isthmus_n corinthiacus_n and_o isthmus_n cimbricus_fw-la more_o famous_a be_v those_o two_o narrow_a land_n whereof_o the_o one_o lie_v betwixt_o peruana_n and_o mexico_n in_o america_n the_o other_o divide_v africa_n from_o asia_n a_o promontory_n be_v a_o great_a mountain_n stretch_v itself_o far_o into_o the_o sea_n who_o extremity_n be_v call_v a_o cape_n or_o head_n of_o which_o the_o most_o remarkable_a be_v the_o cape_n of_o good_a hope_n in_o africa_n 2._o the_o cape_n of_o s._n vincent_n in_o portugal_n 3._o the_o cape_n of_o comary_a in_o asia_n 4._o the_o cape_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr victoria_n in_o america_n our_o observation_n concern_v this_o distinction_n shall_v be_v comprise_v in_o this_o theorem_a 1_o peninsula_n by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o sea_n fret_v through_o the_o isthmus_n have_v oftentimes_o be_v turn_v into_o land_n and_o contrariwise_o sometime_o peninsula_n by_o diminution_n of_o the_o sea_n make_v of_o land_n this_o proposition_n be_v not_o hard_a to_o prove_v if_o any_o credit_n ought_v to_o be_v gruen_v to_o ancient_a writer_n for_o it_o be_v common_o relate_v that_o sicily_n be_v heretofore_o join_v to_o italy_n cyprus_n to_o syria_n euboea_n with_o boeotia_n besbicum_fw-la with_o bythinia_n all_o which_o at_o this_o day_n be_v land_n separate_v and_o divide_v from_o the_o continent_n the_o like_a have_v be_v conjecture_v of_o our_o britain_n which_o some_o imagine_v heretofore_o to_o have_v be_v join_v with_o the_o continent_n of_o france_n about_o dover_n and_o calais_n as_o may_v seem_v probable_o to_o be_v gather_v out_o of_o the_o correspondency_n of_o the_o cliff_n whereof_o 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special_a and_o particular_a argument_n by_o which_o we_o shall_v establish_v our_o assertion_n we_o must_v according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o method_n reserve_v to_o the_o special_a part_n where_o we_o shall_v treat_v ofspeciall_a country_n chap._n xii_o 1_o of_o the_o perpetual_a accident_n of_o the_o land_n we_o have_v speak_v somewhat_o it_o remain_v in_o this_o place_n we_o treat_v of_o the_o casual_a 2_o the_o casual_a i_o call_v such_o as_o happen_v not_o ordinary_o at_o all_o time_n such_o as_o be_v inundation_n and_o earthquake_n 3_o a_o inundation_n be_v a_o overwhelm_a of_o the_o land_n by_o water_n howsoever_o it_o be_v certain_a out_o of_o holy_a scripture_n that_o god_n have_v set_v the_o sea_n his_o certain_a bound_n and_o limit_n which_o it_o can_v pass_v yet_o the_o same_o god_n sometime_o to_o show_v his_o special_a judgement_n on_o some_o place_n or_o age_n have_v extraordinary_o permit_v the_o sea_n sometime_o to_o break_v his_o appoint_a limit_n and_o invade_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o land_n this_o we_o call_v a_o deluge_n or_o inundation_n the_o inundation_n which_o ever_o have_v be_v observe_v on_o the_o earth_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n either_o universal_a or_o particular_a a_o universal_a be_v that_o whereby_o the_o whole_a face_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v cover_v with_o water_n whereof_o we_o have_v only_o two_o example_n the_o first_o be_v in_o the_o first_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n when_o as_o we_o read_v in_o the_o scripture_n the_o whole_a face_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v round_o invelope_v with_o water_n which_o cover_v the_o top_n of_o the_o high_a mountain_n till_o such_o time_n as_o god_n by_o a_o supernatural_a hand_n make_v a_o separation_n of_o the_o water_n from_o the_o dry_a land_n but_o this_o be_v improper_o call_v a_o inundation_n because_o the_o same_o proper_o take_v imply_v as_o much_o as_o a_o overflow_a of_o that_o which_o be_v dry_a land_n before_o the_o second_o as_o we_o read_v in_o genesis_n happen_v in_o the_o time_n of_o noah_n when_o god_n for_o the_o sin_n of_o man_n drown_v the_o whole_a world_n break_v open_a the_o cataract_n of_o heaven_n and_o lose_v the_o spring_n of_o the_o deep_a particular_a inundation_n be_v such_o as_o be_v not_o over_o the_o whole_a earth_n but_o in_o some_o particular_a place_n or_o region_n such_o a_o deluge_n according_a to_o genebrardus_n happen_v in_o the_o time_n of_o enos_n wherein_o a_o three_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v drown_v the_o like_a iâ—_n speak_v of_o ogygeâ—_n king_n of_o athens_n that_o in_o his_o time_n happen_v a_o very_a great_a inundation_n which_o drown_v all_o the_o confine_n and_o coast_n of_o attica_n and_o achaia_n even_o to_o the_o aegean_a sea_n in_o which_o time_n it_o be_v think_v that_o buras_n and_o helice_n city_n of_o achaia_n be_v swallow_v up_o whereof_o ovid_n in_o his_o metamorphosis_n speak_v thus_o si_fw-mi quaeras_fw-la helicen_n &_o buran_n achaidos_fw-la urbes_fw-la inuenies_fw-la sub_fw-la aquis_fw-la buras_n and_o helice_n on_o achaiâ—n_n ground_n be_v seek_v in_o vain_a but_o under_o sea_n be_v find_v as_o famous_a be_v the_o inundation_n of_o thessaly_n in_o deucalion_n time_n mention_v not_o only_o by_o profane_a writer_n and_o poet_n but_o also_o by_o s._n augustin_n jerom_n and_o eusebius_n which_o will_v have_v it_o to_o happen_v in_o the_o time_n of_o cranaus_n who_o next_o after_o cecrops_n govern_v athens_n this_o inundation_n be_v exceed_v great_a extend_v itself_o not_o only_o over_o all_o thessaly_n and_o the_o region_n adjoin_v westward_o but_o overwhelm_v the_o great_a part_n of_o italy_n the_o same_o or_o other_o happen_v near_o the_o same_o time_n oppress_v egypt_n if_o eusebius_n may_v obtain_v credit_n hence_o some_o will_v have_v the_o people_n of_o italy_n to_o have_v be_v call_v vmbrij_fw-la as_o pliny_n and_o solinus_n report_n quia_fw-la ab_fw-la imbribus_fw-la dilwij_fw-la superfuissent_fw-la but_o this_o etymology_n seem_v too_o far_o fetch_v there_o be_v also_o two_o other_o notable_a inundation_n mention_v by_o ancient_a writer_n which_o fall_v out_o in_o egypt_n from_o the_o river_n of_o nilus_n whereof_o the_o first_o cover_v all_o the_o neither_o egypt_n which_o be_v subject_a to_o prometheus_n and_o hence_o as_o natalis_n come_v observe_v be_v the_o fable_n draw_v of_o the_o vulture_n light_v on_o prometheus_n liver_n afterward_o slay_v by_o hercules_n for_o as_o diodorus_n siculus_n observe_v the_o river_n nilus_n for_o the_o swiftness_n of_o his_o course_n be_v in_o ancient_a time_n call_v a_o eagle_n this_o river_n afterward_o do_v hercules_n by_o his_o great_a skill_n and_o judgement_n streiten_fw-ge and_o bind_v reduce_v it_o into_o narrow_a channel_n whence_o some_o greek_a poet_n turn_v hercules_n labour_v into_o fable_n feign_a that_o hercules_n slay_v the_o eagle_n which_o say_v on_o prometheus_n breast_n mean_v that_o he_o deliver_v prometheus_n out_o of_o that_o sorrow_n and_o loss_n which_o he_o and_o his_o people_n sustain_v by_o that_o inundation_n the_o second_o of_o these_o egyptian_a flood_n happen_v about_o pharus_n in_o egypt_n where_o alexander_n the_o great_a build_v alexandria_n to_o these_o may_v be_v add_v many_o more_o of_o lesser_a moment_n as_o well_o in_o ancient_a time_n as_o in_o our_o day_n as_o that_o of_o belgia_n in_o some_o part_n mention_v before_o on_o another_o occasion_n and_o not_o many_o year_n since_o in_o some_o part_n of_o somersetshire_n with_o we_o in_o britanny_n 1_o no_o universal_a inundation_n of_o the_o earth_n can_v be_v natural_a the_o other_o may_v depend_v on_o some_o natural_a cause_n of_o the_o cause_n of_o inundation_n many_o dispute_n have_v be_v among_o natural_a philosopher_n some_o have_v trust_v so_o far_o to_o nature_n that_o they_o have_v ascribe_v not_o only_o particular_a inundation_n but_o that_o universal_a deluge_n in_o the_o time_n of_o noah_n to_o second_v cause_n of_o this_o opinion_n be_v henricus_fw-la mecliensis_fw-la a_o scholar_n of_o
consider_v the_o natural_a change_n of_o country_n since_o the_o first_o creation_n we_o shall_v find_v they_o to_o have_v suffer_v as_o well_o in_o the_o natural_a accident_n and_o disposition_n of_o the_o soil_n as_o the_o temper_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n concern_v the_o former_a we_o may_v note_v a_o twofold_a alteration_n whereof_o the_o one_o be_v a_o progress_n from_o imperfection_n to_o perfection_n the_o other_o contrariwise_o from_o perfection_n to_o imperfection_n the_o first_o grow_v out_o of_o the_o general_a industry_n of_o mankind_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o work_v every_o thing_n as_o near_o as_o it_o can_v to_o his_o best_a end_n and_o use_n for_o his_o own_o good_a and_o propagation_n of_o his_o kind_n which_o we_o may_v best_o find_v in_o the_o first_o original_n of_o the_o world_n the_o first_o groundwork_n of_o civil_a society_n for_o man_n be_v once_o expel_v out_o of_o paradise_n for_o his_o own_o transgression_n have_v leave_v he_o notwithstanding_o for_o his_o lot_n the_o whole_a world_n beside_o which_o no_o question_n he_o find_v as_o in_o the_o cradle_n of_o nature_n a_o poor_a infant_n as_o yet_o altogether_o unfashion_v and_o unshape_v for_o humane_a habitation_n for_o who_o can_v imagine_v the_o earth_n at_o that_o time_n to_o be_v any_o otherwise_o then_o as_o a_o vast_a wilderness_n all_o overgrow_v with_o brier_n and_o bush_n grow_v of_o their_o own_o accord_n out_o of_o the_o earth_n moreover_o what_o fen_n bog_n marsh_n and_o other_o such_o encumbrance_n can_v there_o be_v want_v to_o those_o place_n which_o never_o yet_o feel_v the_o chastise_v hand_n of_o husbandry_n all_o these_o incommodity_n as_o mankind_n begin_v to_o multiply_v and_o propagate_v itself_o on_o the_o face_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v by_o little_a and_o little_o remove_v and_o the_o earth_n reduce_v into_o a_o better_a form_n for_o humane_a dwell_n because_o every_o man_n choose_v out_o his_o own_o possession_n begin_v present_o to_o till_o and_o manure_v the_o soil_n with_o all_o heedful_a industry_n for_o if_o our_o first_o parent_n be_v place_v in_o paradise_n itself_o the_o most_o pleasant_a and_o fertile_a portion_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n be_v nevertheless_o enjoin_v to_o dress_v and_o manure_v the_o garden_n for_o their_o better_a use_n and_o profit_n what_o shall_v we_o imagine_v of_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o no_o doubt_n a_o thousand_o degree_n come_v short_a of_o this_o perfection_n especial_o know_v this_o curse_n to_o be_v lay_v on_o man_n by_o our_o creator_n that_o he_o shall_v eat_v his_o bread_n in_o the_o sweat_n of_o his_o brow_n as_o though_o the_o earth_n be_v bind_v to_o open_v her_o treasure_n only_o to_o man_n pain_n and_o labour_n and_o howsoever_o the_o diligence_n of_o mankind_n have_v go_v very_o far_o in_o adorn_v and_o fashion_v the_o upper_a face_n of_o the_o earth_n yet_o have_v it_o not_o wade_v so_o far_o but_o that_o many_o place_n in_o our_o time_n be_v leave_v altogether_o rude_a and_o unculter_v groan_v under_o vast_a wilderness_n and_o unprofitable_a desert_n for_o time_n pass_v we_o may_v have_v for_o instance_n go_v no_o far_a than_o brittany_n and_o germany_n both_o which_o country_n we_o shall_v find_v in_o these_o day_n to_o differ_v as_o much_o from_o the_o day_n of_o caesar_n as_o caesar_n judge_v they_o to_o differ_v from_o the_o roman_a territory_n which_o no_o doubt_v he_o prefer_v before_o all_o part_n of_o europe_n notwithstanding_o this_o general_a inclination_n of_o mankind_n to_o perfect_v their_o dwell_a place_n for_o their_o better_a ease_n and_o comfort_n we_o shall_v find_v many_o way_n whereby_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n have_v degenerate_v and_o prove_v more_o unfit_a for_o humane_a habitation_n then_o in_o former_a time_n the_o first_o which_o be_v the_o great_a and_o cause_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v that_o curse_n which_o our_o almighty_a creator_n cast_v on_o the_o whole_a earth_n for_o adam_n sake_n which_o afterward_o seem_v renew_a and_o increase_v in_o the_o general_a deluge_n wherein_o all_o mankind_n suffer_v for_o their_o sin_n a_o plague_n of_o water_n for_o as_o the_o estate_n of_o mankind_n immediate_o before_o the_o flood_n be_v far_o better_a than_o that_o afterward_o so_o be_v the_o estate_n of_o paradise_n far_o better_o than_o that_o so_o as_o we_o may_v note_v from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o world_n a_o general_a defect_n and_o weakness_n of_o the_o creature_n still_o more_o and_o more_o decline_v from_o their_o original_a perfection_n grant_v in_o the_o first_o creation_n so_o that_o many_o great_a philosopher_n have_v conjecture_v not_o without_o ground_n that_o the_o world_n from_o the_o first_o creation_n have_v suffer_v the_o change_n of_o age_n sensible_o and_o this_o wherein_o we_o live_v to_o be_v the_o last_o and_o decrepit_a age_n wherein_o nature_n lie_v languish_v as_o ready_a to_o breathe_v out_o her_o last_o but_o this_o opinion_n seem_v to_o be_v control_v by_o reason_n for_o as_o much_o as_o we_o find_v not_o a_o proportional_a decrement_n and_o defect_n of_o natural_a vigour_n in_o thing_n as_o well_o in_o man_n as_o other_o creature_n for_o if_o we_o compare_v the_o estate_n of_o a_o man_n before_o the_o flood_n with_o the_o age_n of_o david_n long_o after_o we_o shall_v find_v a_o great_a disparity_n in_o the_o proportional_a decrement_n of_o the_o year_n and_o age_n of_o man_n for_o as_o much_o as_o many_o before_o the_o flood_n attain_v to_o 800_o and_o some_o as_o methusalem_n to_o 900_o year_n but_o in_o david_n time_n the_o day_n of_o man_n life_n as_o he_o himself_o testify_v be_v threescore_o and_o ten_o and_o admit_v we_o understand_v this_o speech_n of_o david_n to_o be_v mean_v only_o of_o his_o chief_a strength_n and_o livelihood_n we_o shall_v yet_o find_v a_o great_a diversity_n because_o man_n be_v understand_v to_o be_v in_o his_o great_a strength_n and_o vigour_n in_o his_o middle_a age_n so_o that_o the_o whole_a age_n of_o man_n by_o this_o account_n surmount_v not_o 140_o year_n to_o which_o proportion_n of_o defect_n or_o decrement_n our_o time_n can_v no_o way_n agree_v because_o many_o man_n in_o our_o day_n come_v near_o the_o same_o age_n as_o we_o see_v by_o experience_n which_o may_v be_v confirm_v by_o diverse_a instance_n whereof_o we_o will_v produce_v only_o two_o the_o one_o of_o a_o certain_a indian_a present_v to_o soliman_n the_o turk_n be_v of_o the_o age_n of_o 200_o year_n the_o other_o of_o the_o countresse_n of_o desmond_n in_o ireland_n which_o sr_n walter_n rauleigh_n mention_n to_o this_o purpose_n who_o be_v marry_v in_o edward_n the_o four_o time_n yet_o be_v alive_a very_o late_o but_o to_o this_o doubt_n i_o may_v answer_v that_o this_o extraordinary_a difference_n betwixt_o the_o age_n of_o man_n between_o the_o patriarch_n and_o david_n time_n compare_v with_o man_n age_n betwixt_o david_n and_o our_o day_n come_v from_o two_o especial_a cause_n first_o by_o the_o universal_a deluge_n which_o cause_v a_o general_a defect_n and_o decay_n of_o nature_n in_o the_o whole_a earth_n the_o like_a whereof_o have_v not_o since_o be_v find_v second_o it_o be_v as_o it_o seem_v much_o impair_v by_o the_o intemperance_n and_o luxurious_a diet_n of_o those_o time_n which_o add_v much_o to_o this_o general_a weakness_n of_o nature_n for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o child_n can_v have_v little_a or_o no_o natural_a perfection_n in_o themselves_o more_o than_o be_v derive_v unto_o they_o by_o their_o parent_n for_o nothing_o can_v give_v that_o to_o other_o which_o it_o never_o have_v itself_o whence_o it_o must_v needs_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o posterity_n derive_v from_o luxurious_a and_o distemper_a body_n shall_v prove_v as_o weak_a and_o impotent_a general_o if_o not_o more_o than_o their_o parent_n now_o why_o the_o people_n soon_o upon_o the_o flood_n shall_v find_v their_o distemperature_n more_o noxious_a and_o prejudicial_a to_o long_a life_n then_o the_o man_n of_o our_o age_n a_o good_a reason_n may_v be_v give_v because_o the_o earth_n long_o after_o the_o flood_n have_v not_o full_o receive_v that_o natural_a heat_n and_o spirit_n which_o it_o lose_v in_o the_o deluge_n so_o that_o all_o thing_n arise_v out_o of_o it_o as_o plant_n herb_n fruit_n and_o live_a creature_n feed_v thereon_o prove_v for_o a_o while_n more_o unwholesome_a and_o unnatural_a then_o in_o some_o year_n after_o when_o it_o have_v somewhat_o reviue_v itself_o by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o star_n and_o by_o little_a and_o little_o return_v to_o his_o own_o nature_n the_o other_o cause_n of_o deficiency_n be_v more_o special_a as_o not_o happen_v to_o all_o but_o to_o diverse_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o that_o more_o at_o one_o time_n then_o another_o as_o the_o neglect_n of_o due_a manure_v many_o place_n
of_o the_o earth_n but_o shall_v in_o part_n be_v drive_v back_o and_o in_o part_n flow_v beside_o for_o since_o it_o be_v of_o a_o moist_a nature_n while_o the_o earth_n be_v carry_v from_o the_o air_n about_o it_o the_o water_n iâ—_n somewhat_o leave_v behind_o as_o we_o may_v see_v in_o a_o small_a vessel_n which_o be_v moâ—e_n laâ—ge_v then_o deep_a for_o if_o it_o be_v move_v forward_o the_o water_n will_v leap_v back_o to_o the_o opposite_a part_n &_o will_v oftentimes_o poise_v itself_o hither_o &_o thither_o seek_v a_o aequilibration_n when_o therefore_o the_o earth_n be_v a_o little_a carry_v forward_o &_o the_o water_n as_o it_o be_v leave_v behind_o be_v out_o of_o his_o aequilibrium_fw-la or_o aquall_a poise_n it_o will_v run_v to_o the_o other_o part_n but_o beyond_o the_o true_a poise_n forth_o violence_n of_o the_o motion_n oppress_v into_o it_o in_o the_o beginning_n from_o thence_o for_o the_o same_o cause_n it_o will_v tend_v again_o to_o the_o opposite_a part_n do_v this_o oftentimes_o seek_v a_o equal_a weight_n wherein_o it_o may_v rest_v so_o that_o if_o the_o earth_n shall_v at_o any_o time_n rest_v from_o her_o natural_a motion_n the_o water_n will_v also_o leave_v off_o the_o libration_n to_o and_o fro_o but_o because_o the_o circumvolution_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v imagine_v to_o be_v perpetual_a the_o libration_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v also_o per_fw-la petuall_a so_o far_o forth_o then_o that_o this_o motion_n be_v of_o the_o continent_n or_o earth_n it_o be_v only_o accidental_a in_o the_o water_n neither_o beside_o his_o proper_a nature_n neither_o according_a to_o nature_n but_o so_o far_o forth_o as_o the_o water_n be_v in_o some_o sort_n move_v in_o the_o earth_n it_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v according_a to_o nature_n for_o it_o always_o seek_v the_o low_a place_n because_o it_o can_v equal_o follow_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o earth_n hence_o they_o give_v the_o reason_n why_o this_o motion_n be_v not_o perceive_v in_o lake_n and_o river_n as_o well_o as_o in_o the_o main_a ocean_n for_o since_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v not_o very_o sensible_a it_o can_v be_v perceive_v but_o in_o a_o great_a mass_n of_o water_n the_o reason_n to_o confirm_v this_o opinion_n beside_o the_o refutation_n of_o other_o opinion_n be_v chief_o these_o two_o if_o the_o water_n by_o itself_o shall_v be_v move_v without_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o earth_n it_o must_v needs_o be_v move_v either_o according_a to_o or_o against_o his_o nature_n but_o neither_o of_o they_o can_v be_v grant_v first_o if_o according_a to_o nature_n there_o will_v not_o be_v one_o only_a motion_n of_o one_o body_n according_a to_o nature_n but_o many_o which_o be_v deny_v by_o arâ—stotle_n if_o beside_o or_o against_o nature_n some_o violent_a motion_n will_v be_v perpetual_a which_o also_o seem_v absurd_a wherefore_o it_o must_v needs_o follow_v that_o the_o sea_n shall_v move_v accidental_o for_o since_o the_o water_n be_v contain_v outward_o of_o the_o air_n internal_o of_o the_o earth_n and_o that_o part_n of_o the_o air_n which_o touch_v the_o water_n be_v of_o aristotle_n call_v stagnans_fw-la or_o stand_v still_o not_o flow_v as_o that_o which_o be_v above_o the_o earth_n but_o be_v only_o trouble_v various_o with_o wind_n this_o libration_n or_o motion_n of_o the_o water_n can_v be_v cause_v by_o the_o wind_n or_o air_n wherefore_o it_o must_v proceed_v from_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o second_o reason_n may_v be_v draw_v from_o the_o quantity_n of_o tide_n in_o diverse_a place_n of_o the_o earth_n for_o it_o be_v â—ound_v by_o experience_n that_o the_o water_n swell_v high_a &_o great_a in_o the_o main_a ocean_n then_o in_o other_o lesser_a sea_n for_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o about_o great_a britain_n it_o mount_v sometime_o above_o 80_o cubit_n also_o it_o often_o ebb_v and_o flow_v in_o lesser_a current_n because_o the_o space_n of_o this_o libration_n be_v short_a and_o straâ—ghter_a or_o because_o beside_o the_o motion_n of_o ebb_a and_o flow_v which_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n partake_v from_o the_o ocean_n at_o hercules_n pillar_n they_o have_v a_o proper_a libration_n in_o their_o own_o channel_n whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o in_o some_o narrow_a sea_n as_o in_o the_o euripus_n beside_o euboia_n the_o sea_n seven_o time_n a_o day_n ebb_v and_o flow_v whereof_o there_o can_v no_o sufficient_a reason_n be_v give_v from_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o moon_n or_o other_o cause_n whereto_o other_o philosopher_n ascribe_v this_o effect_n this_o opinion_n of_o caesalpinus_n seem_v to_o carry_v great_a likelihood_n of_o reason_n and_o congruity_n with_o experience_n yet_o because_o it_o be_v ground_v on_o the_o circular_a motion_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o seem_v a_o paradox_n to_o most_o man_n i_o dare_v not_o warrant_v it_o otherwise_o then_o probable_a neither_o can_v it_o well_o stand_v with_o the_o ground_n of_o our_o magnetical_a philosopher_n because_o they_o affirm_v the_o whole_a sphere_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o water_n together_o with_o the_o air_n to_o move_v round_o with_o one_o uniform_a revolution_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o one_o shall_v not_o move_v to_o the_o opposite_a part_n or_o stay_v behind_o the_o other_o as_o they_o will_v have_v it_o here_o to_o do_v there_o be_v yet_o another_o opinion_n more_o common_o defend_v in_o the_o school_n of_o natural_a philosopher_n that_o this_o motion_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v to_o be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o moon_n as_o the_o principal_a cause_n other_o again_o as_o they_o admit_v the_o moon_n to_o have_v her_o operation_n in_o this_o effect_n join_v other_o cause_n to_o it_o and_o indeed_o this_o seem_v more_o probable_a for_o there_o want_v not_o argument_n in_o patricius_n and_o other_o late_a writer_n to_o show_v that_o the_o moon_n can_v be_v the_o sole_a cause_n of_o this_o motion_n first_o because_o this_o motion_n be_v not_o observe_v in_o all_o sea_n lake_n and_o river_n whereupon_o nevertheless_o the_o moon_n have_v the_o like_a dominion_n but_o experience_n show_v the_o contrary_a for_o beside_o fresh_a river_n it_o be_v manifest_a by_o observation_n of_o traveller_n that_o this_o ebb_a and_o flow_v be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o hircâ—â—_n mantian_n and_o dead_a sea_n also_o in_o maotis_n palus_n in_o the_o pontic_a propontiâ—ke_v ligurian_a and_o narbon_n streyte_n neither_o in_o the_o tyrrhene_a sea_n moreover_o it_o be_v not_o observe_v in_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o red_a sea_n neither_o can_v the_o narrowness_n of_o the_o channel_n excuse_v it_o because_o these_o sea_n be_v great_a and_o also_o for_o the_o most_o part_n within_o the_o tropic_n of_o cancer_n and_o therefore_o expose_v sometime_o to_o the_o perpendicular_a beam_n of_o the_o moon_n second_o if_o the_o moon_n shall_v by_o she_o own_o â—orce_n excite_v and_o move_v these_o waterâ—_n then_o will_v it_o move_v those_o sea_n which_o it_o do_v move_v altogether_o and_o not_o only_o in_o part_n the_o contrary_a whereof_o we_o may_v find_v first_o in_o the_o red_a sea_n which_o in_o the_o beginning_n and_o end_n ebb_n and_o flow_v but_o in_o the_o middle_n not_o at_o all_o moreover_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n ebb_v &_o flow_v as_o one_o sea_n on_o all_o the_o coast_n of_o africa_n wherein_o it_o be_v in_o a_o sort_n divide_v and_o yet_o those_o sea_n with_o which_o it_o be_v join_v as_o the_o tyrrhene_a ligurian_a and_o gallican_n sea_n feel_v not_o any_o such_o motion_n three_o it_o be_v object_v that_o if_o the_o moon_n be_v the_o only_a cause_n of_o this_o flâ—x_n and_o reflux_n of_o the_o sea_n than_o those_o sea_n which_o be_v say_v in_o whole_a to_o move_v shall_v equal_o flow_v in_o height_n but_o this_o be_v contradict_v by_o experience_n because_o some_o flow_v high_o and_o some_o low_a as_o for_o example_n the_o adriatic_a sea_n in_o the_o inmost_a creek_n near_o venice_n swell_v near_o four_o foot_n in_o height_n but_o the_o rest_n of_o it_o not_o above_o two_o â—oote_n which_o increase_n be_v likewise_o observe_v in_o the_o aegean_a cretian_a ionian_a and_o cyprian_a sea_n also_o the_o syrian_a and_o egyptian_a even_o to_o portus_n ferinae_fw-la but_o from_o mons_fw-la pulcher_fw-la to_o the_o herculean_a streyte_n it_o increase_v above_o two_o foot_n in_o length_n but_o without_o these_o straits_n the_o same_o ocean_n by_o the_o coast_n of_o portugal_n and_o biscay_n and_o france_n the_o sea_n rise_v usual_o to_o 15_o foot_n in_o height_n and_o near_o the_o coast_n of_o belgia_n and_o britain_n 18_o foot_n at_o the_o confine_n of_o bristol_n to_o 60_o and_o thence_o to_o the_o border_n of_o s._n michael_n to_o 60_o but_o at_o the_o coast_n of_o aethiopia_n near_o the_o atlantic_a shore_n it_o rise_v not_o high_a than_o in_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n but_o near_o the_o land_n
mean_v heaven_n itself_o as_o many_o imagine_v but_o to_o confirm_v that_o this_o terrestrial_a paradise_n be_v such_o a_o place_n some_o man_n produce_v these_o argument_n first_o that_o it_o be_v report_v by_o solinus_n that_o there_o be_v a_o place_n exceed_o delightsome_a and_o healthsome_a on_o the_o top_n of_o mount_n athos_n call_v acrothones_n which_o be_v seat_v about_o cloud_n or_o rain_n or_o such_o inconvenience_n the_o people_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o long_a life_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d second_o they_o allege_v for_o the_o height_n of_o this_o paradise_n that_o enoch_n be_v there_o preserve_v from_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o flood_n as_o isidore_n and_o peter_n lombaard_v maintain_v but_o this_o opinion_n be_v of_o the_o divine_n condemn_v in_o the_o florentine_a counsel_n and_o first_o where_o as_o they_o say_v that_o such_o a_o pleasant_a place_n be_v in_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n athos_n this_o neither_o prove_v that_o this_o be_v 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on_o the_o land_n in_o their_o perfect_a figure_n and_o greatness_n sail_v far_a off_o they_o will_v observe_v they_o on_o the_o low_a part_n little_a &_o little_o diminish_v until_o such_o time_n as_o the_o top_n only_o of_o the_o house_n and_o tree_n will_v be_v visible_a in_o like_a sort_n they_o which_o tarry_v on_o the_o land_n will_v first_o espy_v the_o top_n and_o masâ—_n of_o a_o ship_n approach_v which_o sight_n will_v be_v perfect_v more_o and_o more_o as_o the_o ship_n draw_v towards_o the_o land_n and_o at_o last_o all_o part_n of_o it_o will_v show_v themselves_o which_o accident_n can_v be_v cast_v upon_o no_o other_o cause_n than_o the_o spherical_a roundness_n and_o swell_v of_o the_o water_n which_o if_o the_o distance_n be_v great_a interpose_v itself_o between_o the_o station_n on_o the_o land_n and_o the_o ship_n wherein_o passenger_n be_v convey_v which_o experiment_n be_v express_v in_o this_o diagramme_n here_o annex_v certain_a platonic_n of_o which_o the_o 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patricius_n describe_v in_o this_o manner_n at_o a_o certain_a town_n call_v comaâ—lum_n say_v he_o there_o be_v a_o very_a great_a pool_n through_o which_o pool_n or_o lake_n some_o 3_o year_n ago_o it_o be_v my_o chance_n to_o be_v carry_v in_o a_o boat_n the_o bottom_n of_o the_o water_n almost_o all_o the_o way_n in_o all_o the_o journey_n appear_v to_o be_v less_o than_o 2_o foot_n in_o depth_n from_o the_o top_n the_o way_n increase_v at_o first_o the_o low_a part_n and_o foundation_n of_o house_n than_o the_o top_n and_o princely_a pinnacle_n begin_v to_o vanish_v from_o our_o sight_n at_o last_o have_v scarce_o pass_v 6000_o pace_n a_o tower_n 72_o foot_n high_a begin_v to_o appear_v as_o it_o be_v cut_v off_o by_o the_o middle_n and_o from_o the_o middle_a part_n upward_o appear_v visible_a
part_n of_o the_o earth_n because_o such_o as_o dwell_v direct_o under_o the_o equatour_n or_o either_o of_o the_o pole_n although_o they_o may_v be_v antipode_n agree_v not_o to_o that_o definition_n by_o reason_n the_o former_a be_v antipode_n only_o in_o opposite_a point_n of_o the_o equatour_n the_o other_o of_o the_o meridian_n whether_o there_o be_v any_o antipode_n or_o no_o be_v make_v a_o question_n among_o the_o ancient_n in_o so_o much_o that_o saint_n augustine_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr civitate_fw-la dei_fw-la and_o lactantius_n in_o his_o three_o book_n of_o institution_n seem_v stiff_o to_o defend_v the_o contrary_a which_o opinion_n be_v suppose_v to_o grow_v out_o of_o their_o contempt_n or_o neglect_n of_o mathematical_a study_n in_o those_o age_n wherein_o the_o zeal_n to_o religion_n be_v most_o unnecessary_o oppose_v to_o philosophy_n and_o the_o mistress_n forsake_v of_o her_o best_a handmaiden_n which_o ignorance_n of_o the_o ancient_n be_v so_o far_o derive_v to_o posterity_n that_o in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o saviour_n 745_o one_o boniface_n bishop_n of_o man_n be_v accuse_v before_o the_o pope_n zachary_n virgilius_n bishop_n of_o salisburg_n for_o heresy_n in_o that_o he_o aver_v there_o be_v antipode_n the_o matter_n be_v first_o prefer_v to_o the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n and_o a_o appeal_v make_v unto_o the_o pope_n it_o happen_v that_o the_o honest_a bishop_n for_o this_o assertion_n be_v flat_o condemn_v for_o heretical_a doctrine_n and_o enforce_v to_o recant_v his_o opinion_n yet_o be_v it_o wonderful_a how_o such_o matter_n be_v thus_o decide_v for_o grant_v these_o two_o easy_a ground_n first_o that_o the_o earth_n be_v spherical_a a_o proposition_n prove_v in_o their_o time_n 2_o that_o every_o place_n or_o at_o least_o two_o opposite_a place_n in_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n may_v be_v habitable_a it_o must_v of_o necessity_n follow_v that_o such_o antipode_n must_v be_v grant_v which_o make_v i_o to_o imagine_v that_o 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be_v admit_v without_o grant_v another_o saviour_n and_o another_o kind_n of_o man_n beside_o adam_n posterity_n for_o if_o this_o conjecture_n have_v not_o take_v place_n the_o pope_n i_o suppose_v will_v never_o have_v prove_v himself_o so_o ridiculous_a a_o judge_n as_o to_o have_v condemn_v virgilius_n for_o heresy_n as_o for_o lactantius_n howsoever_o otherwise_o a_o pious_a eloquent_a father_n the_o weakness_n and_o childishness_n of_o his_o argument_n will_v to_o any_o indifferent_a reader_n discover_v his_o ignorance_n in_o the_o very_a first_o rudiment_n of_o cosmographie_n here_o we_o may_v learn_v how_o far_o religion_n itself_o be_v wrong_v by_o such_o who_o set_v her_o opposite_a to_o all_o her_o servant_n but_o whatsoever_o the_o ancient_n out_o of_o their_o glimmer_a reason_n have_v conjecture_v our_o time_n have_v sufficient_o decide_v this_o controversy_n wherein_o such_o antipode_n be_v establish_v both_o by_o reason_n and_o experience_n which_o matâ—er_n we_o shall_v 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they_o dwell_v east_n and_o west_n in_o regard_n one_o of_o the_o other_o 3_o they_o have_v contrary_a time_n of_o day_n and_o night_n for_o when_o the_o one_o have_v his_o noon_n the_o other_o enjoy_v his_o midnight_n likewise_o when_o the_o sun_n with_o the_o one_o rise_v it_o set_v with_o the_o other_o 4_o they_o have_v the_o same_o zone_n climate_n and_o parallel_n but_o differ_v by_o a_o semicircle_n to_o wit_n 180_o degree_n to_o the_o antoeci_n they_o have_v likewise_o assign_v 5_o propriety_n viz._n 1_o they_o inhabit_v the_o like_a zone_n but_o in_o diverse_a hemisphere_n 2_o they_o have_v the_o same_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n but_o not_o of_o the_o same_o pole_n because_o the_o one_o see_v the_o pole_n arctic_a the_o other_o the_o pole_n antarcticke_a equal_o raise_v above_o his_o horizon_n 3_o they_o have_v noon_n and_o midnight_n just_a at_o the_o same_o time_n 4_o they_o enjoy_v the_o same_o temper_n of_o the_o heaven_n 5_o they_o have_v the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n contrary_a for_o when_o the_o southern_a antoeci_n have_v their_o summer_n the_o northern_a have_v their_o winter_n and_o contrariwise_o when_o the_o northern_a have_v their_o spring_n these_o have_v their_o autumn_n to_o the_o antipode_n they_o have_v allot_v 3_o propriety_n 1_o that_o they_o have_v the_o same_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n though_o not_o of_o the_o same_o pole_n 2_o they_o have_v the_o same_o temper_n of_o the_o year_n and_o the_o same_o quantity_n of_o day_n and_o night_n 3_o they_o have_v all_o the_o other_o accident_n contrary_a for_o when_o the_o one_o have_v night_n the_o other_o have_v day_n when_o one_o winter_n the_o other_o summer_n when_o the_o one_o the_o spring_n the_o other_o autumn_n and_o contrariwise_o these_o accident_n and_o propriety_n here_o mention_v must_v be_v understand_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o heaven_n only_o the_o quality_n arise_v from_o diverse_a other_o accidental_a and_o particular_a cause_n in_o diverse_a place_n of_o the_o earth_n we_o shall_v differre_fw-la unto_o our_o second_o part_n chap._n xi_o of_o the_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n 1_o the_o distinction_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n according_a to_o certain_a space_n be_v former_o explain_v we_o be_v now_o to_o treat_v of_o the_o distinction_n of_o the_o say_a sphere_n according_a to_o certain_a distance_n 2_o a_o distance_n here_o we_o understand_v to_o be_v a_o direct_a line_n draw_v betwixt_o two_o point_n in_o the_o earth_n such_o a_o distance_n be_v twofold_a either_o simple_a or_o comparative_a 3_o the_o simple_a distance_n be_v take_v from_o the_o two_o great_a circle_n to_o wit_v the_o meridian_n or_o the_o equatour_n which_o be_v either_o the_o longitude_n or_o latitude_n the_o division_n of_o distance_n into_o the_o simple_a or_o comparative_a be_v most_o necessary_a for_o it_o be_v one_o thing_n for_o a_o place_n absolute_o take_v in_o itself_o to_o be_v distant_a from_o some_o fix_a point_n or_o other_o in_o the_o globe_n another_o for_o two_o place_n to_o be_v compare_v betwixt_o themselves_o in_o regard_n of_o such_o a_o fix_a point_n for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o former_a imply_v only_o the_o distance_n betwixt_o two_o point_n the_o other_o the_o distance_n of_o two_o such_o point_n or_o place_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o three_o these_o point_n from_o which_o such_o point_n be_v say_v to_o be_v distant_a be_v either_o find_v in_o the_o meridian_n circle_n from_o which_o the_o distance_n be_v call_v longitude_n or_o else_o in_o the_o equatour_n whence_o we_o call_v it_o latitude_n 4_o the_o longitude_n be_v the_o distance_n of_o any_o place_n eastward_o from_o the_o first_o meridian_n to_o understand_v the_o better_a the_o longitude_n we_o must_v consider_v that_o it_o may_v be_v take_v two_o way_n either_o general_o or_o special_o in_o the_o former_a sense_n it_o be_v take_v for_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n stretch_v from_o the_o west_n unto_o the_o east_n
it_o great_a at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o solstice_n the_o reflection_n be_v great_a approach_a near_o to_o right_v angle_n if_o we_o consider_v the_o earth_n we_o shall_v find_v no_o reason_n at_o all_o why_o the_o heat_n shall_v be_v more_o predominant_a at_o this_o time_n then_o another_o then_o must_v we_o of_o necessity_n ascribe_v it_o to_o a_o special_a influence_n of_o the_o dogstar_n be_v in_o conjunction_n with_o the_o sun_n many_o other_o instance_n may_v be_v here_o produce_v but_o i_o hold_v it_o needless_a be_v a_o matter_n consent_v to_o among_o most_o philosopher_n the_o second_o point_n concern_v the_o extent_n and_o limitation_n of_o this_o operation_n in_o inferior_a body_n for_o unfold_n of_o which_o point_n we_o must_v know_v that_o this_o operation_n may_v have_v respect_n either_o to_o the_o element_n of_o earth_n and_o aire_n or_o else_o to_o the_o inhabitant_n reside_v on_o the_o earth_n for_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o heaven_n upon_o the_o elementary_a mass_n experience_n itself_o will_v warrant_v yet_o with_o this_o limitation_n that_o this_o operation_n be_v measure_v and_o square_v according_a to_o the_o matter_n whereinto_o it_o be_v receive_v as_o for_o example_n we_o shall_v find_v the_o moon_n more_o operative_a and_o predominant_a in_o moist_a body_n then_o in_o other_o partake_v less_o of_o this_o quality_n likewise_o the_o heat_n cause_v by_o the_o sun_n more_o fervent_a where_o it_o meet_v with_o a_o subject_n which_o be_v more_o capable_a whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o one_o country_n be_v find_v hot_a than_o another_o although_o subject_n to_o the_o same_o latitude_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o heaven_n for_o howsoever_o the_o action_n of_o the_o heaven_n be_v always_o the_o same_o and_o uniform_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o heaven_n itself_o yet_o must_v the_o same_o be_v measure_v and_o limit_v according_a to_o the_o subject_n into_o which_o it_o be_v impress_v for_o the_o inhabitant_n we_o be_v to_o distinguish_v in_o they_o a_o twofold_a nature_n the_o one_o material_a as_o partake_v of_o the_o element_n whereof_o every_o mix_a body_n be_v compound_v the_o other_o spiritual_a as_o that_o of_o the_o soul_n the_o former_a we_o can_v exempt_v from_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o heaven_n for_o as_o much_o as_o every_o physician_n can_v tell_v how_o much_o the_o humour_n and_o part_n of_o our_o body_n be_v stir_v by_o celestial_a influence_n especial_o by_o the_o moon_n according_a to_o who_o change_n our_o body_n daily_o undergo_v a_o alteration_n for_o the_o humane_a soul_n how_o far_o it_o be_v govern_v by_o the_o star_n be_v a_o matter_n of_o great_a consequence_n yet_o may_v we_o in_o some_o sort_n clear_v the_o doubt_n by_o this_o one_o distinction_n the_o heaven_n may_v be_v say_v to_o have_v a_o operation_n upon_o the_o soul_n two_o manner_n of_o way_n first_o immediate_o by_o itself_o second_o mediate_o by_o the_o humour_n and_o corporeal_a organ_n whereof_o the_o soul_n operation_n depend_v the_o first_o we_o absolute_o deny_v for_o the_o soul_n be_v a_o immaterial_a substance_n can_v be_v wrought_v upon_o by_o a_o material_a agent_n as_o philosopher_n affirm_v for_o the_o second_o it_o may_v be_v grant_v without_o any_o absurdity_n for_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o soul_n depend_v mere_o on_o material_a and_o corporeal_a organ_n the_o elementary_a matter_n whereof_o these_o organ_n consist_v be_v subject_a to_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o heaven_n as_o any_o other_o elementary_a matter_n so_o that_o we_o may_v affirm_v the_o heaven_n in_o some_o sort_n to_o govern_v man_n mind_n and_o disposition_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o they_o depend_v upon_o the_o bodily_a instrument_n but_o here_o we_o must_v note_v by_o the_o way_n that_o it_o be_v one_o thing_n to_o infer_v a_o necessity_n another_o thing_n to_o give_v a_o inclination_n the_o former_a we_o can_v absolute_o aver_v for_o as_o much_o as_o man_n will_n which_o be_v the_o commandress_n of_o his_o action_n be_v absolute_o free_a not_o subject_a to_o any_o natural_a necessity_n or_o external_a coaction_n yet_o can_v we_o not_o deny_v a_o certain_a inclination_n for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o soul_n of_o a_o man_n be_v too_o much_o indulgent_a unto_o the_o body_n by_o who_o motion_n it_o be_v rather_o persuade_v then_o command_v the_o three_o point_n we_o have_v in_o hand_n be_v to_o show_v how_o many_o way_n the_o heaven_n by_o their_o operation_n can_v affect_v and_o dispose_v a_o place_n on_o the_o earth_n here_o we_o must_v note_v that_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o heaven_n in_o the_o earth_n be_v twofold_a either_o ordinary_a or_o extraordinary_a the_o ordinary_a be_v again_o twofold_a either_o variable_a or_o inuariable_a the_o variable_a i_o call_v that_o which_o be_v vary_a according_a to_o the_o season_n as_o when_o the_o sun_n by_o his_o increase_n or_o decrease_v of_o heat_n produce_v summer_n or_o winter_n spring_n or_o autumn_n which_o operation_n depend_v from_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o his_o ecliptic_a line_n wherein_o he_o come_v sometime_o near_o unto_o we_o sometime_o go_v fâ—rther_o from_o our_o vertical_a point_n the_o inuariable_a i_o call_v that_o whereby_o the_o same_o place_n be_v suppose_v to_o enjoy_v the_o same_o temperament_n of_o heat_n or_o cold_a without_o any_o sensible_a difference_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o heaven_n put_v aside_o other_o cause_n and_o circumstance_n for_o how_o soever_o every_o region_n be_v subject_a to_o these_o four_o change_n to_o wit_n summer_n winter_n spring_n and_o autumn_n yet_o may_v the_o same_o place_n enjoy_v the_o same_o temperament_n of_o summer_n and_o winter_n one_o year_n as_o it_o do_v another_o without_o any_o great_a alteration_n and_o this_o depend_v from_o the_o situation_n of_o any_o place_n near_o or_o far_o of_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a circle_n the_o extraordinary_a operation_n of_o the_o heaven_n depend_v from_o some_o extraordinary_a combination_n or_o concourse_n of_o planet_n particular_o affect_v some_o special_a place_n whence_o the_o cause_n may_v be_v probable_o show_v why_o some_o place_n shall_v some_o â—eeres_n prove_v extraordinary_a fruitful_a other_o time_n degenerate_a again_o to_o barrenness_n or_o why_o it_o shall_v sometime_o be_v molest_v with_o too_o much_o drought_n and_o other_o time_n with_o too_o much_o moisture_n to_o let_v pass_v the_o other_o consideration_n as_o more_o appertain_v to_o a_o astrologer_n than_o a_o geographer_n we_o will_v here_o only_o fasten_v on_o the_o inuariable_a operation_n of_o the_o heaven_n on_o earthly_a place_n and_o search_v how_o far_o forth_o the_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v vary_v in_o their_o temper_n &_o quality_n according_a to_o their_o diverse_a situation_n and_o respect_n to_o the_o equinoctial_a circle_n take_v only_a notice_n of_o the_o diurnal_a and_o ordinary_a motion_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o his_o course_n herein_o shall_v we_o find_v no_o small_a variety_n not_o only_o in_o the_o temper_n of_o the_o air_n but_o also_o in_o the_o disposition_n and_o complexion_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n both_o which_o we_o shall_v more_o special_o declare_v the_o former_a in_o this_o chapter_n the_o other_o in_o due_a place_n wherein_o we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o treat_v of_o the_o material_a constitution_n and_o manner_n of_o diverse_a nation_n 2_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o heaven_n a_o place_n may_v be_v divide_v two_o way_n first_o into_o the_o north_n and_o south_n second_o into_o the_o east_n and_o west_n 3_o any_o place_n be_v say_v to_o be_v northern_a which_o lie_v betwixt_o the_o equatour_n and_o arctic_a pole_n southern_a betwixt_o the_o equatour_n and_o the_o antarcticke-pole_n the_o whole_a globe_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o we_o have_v former_o teach_v be_v divide_v by_o the_o equatour_n into_o two_o hemisphere_n whereof_o the_o one_o be_v call_v northern_a lie_v towards_o the_o northern_a or_o arctic_a pole_n the_o other_o towards_o the_o other_o pole_n be_v call_v the_o southern_a but_o here_o to_o clear_v all_o doubt_n we_o must_v understand_v that_o a_o place_n may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v northern_a or_o southern_a two_o manner_n of_o way_n either_o absolute_o or_o respective_o absolute_o northern_a and_o southern_a place_n be_v term_v when_o they_o be_v situate_v in_o the_o northern_a or_o southern_a hemisphere_n as_o we_o have_v teach_v in_o this_o definition_n but_o such_o as_o be_v respective_o northern_a may_v be_v understand_v of_o such_o region_n whereof_o the_o one_o be_v situate_a near_o the_o pole_n the_o other_o near_a the_o equatour_n in_o the_o first_o place_n here_o we_o be_v to_o consider_v a_o place_n as_o it_o be_v absolute_o take_v to_o be_v either_o north_n or_o south_n concern_v which_o we_o will_v particular_o note_v these_o two_o theorem_n 1_o northern_a and_o southern_a place_n alike_o situate_a general_o enjoy_v a_o like_a disposition_n we_o have_v former_o grant_v to_o
itself_o the_o contrary_a quality_n of_o cold_a a_o argument_n of_o cold_a may_v be_v draw_v from_o the_o testimony_n of_o alvarez_n who_o affirm_v the_o water_n there_o in_o the_o month_n of_o june_n to_o be_v freeze_v over_o with_o ice_n the_o south_n wind_n blow_v the_o second_o cause_n be_v by_o judicious_a writer_n ascribe_v to_o the_o subtlety_n and_o rarity_n of_o the_o air_n under_o the_o equinoctial_a line_n which_o can_v receive_v into_o itself_o so_o many_o degree_n of_o heat_n as_o the_o thick_a and_o gross_a air_n of_o diverse_a place_n distant_a for_o the_o north_n region_n wherein_o europe_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o asia_n be_v place_v be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n full_a of_o water_n which_o burst_v out_o of_o secret_a and_o unknown_a concavity_n do_v produce_v infinite_a fen_n gogs_o lake_n and_o marsh_n which_o in_o the_o summer_n season_n cause_n infinite_a vapour_n to_o abound_v which_o be_v intermix_v with_o heat_n scorch_v and_o heat_n more_o fervent_o than_o the_o pure_a air_n of_o africa_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n free_a from_o the_o mixture_n and_o concourse_n of_o such_o slimy_a vapour_n that_o the_o air_n be_v thicken_v shall_v yield_v a_o great_a fervour_n every_o man_n out_o of_o ordinary_a experience_n can_v frame_v to_o himself_o a_o argument_n for_o we_o see_v fire_n and_o heat_v be_v incorporate_v as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o steel_n or_o iron_n to_o burn_v and_o heat_n more_o than_o in_o air_n or_o wood._n the_o like_a reason_n some_o will_v draw_v from_o the_o keeper_n of_o stoâ—es_n or_o hot_a house_n which_o do_v besprinkle_v the_o ground_n with_o water_n that_o the_o vapour_n be_v contract_v and_o the_o air_n thicken_v they_o may_v the_o long_o and_o better_o maintain_v heat_n and_o spare_a fuel_n another_o cause_n which_o we_o have_v former_o touch_v may_v be_v draw_v from_o the_o set_a and_o anniverwinde_n which_o blow_v most_o part_n of_o the_o year_n one_o way_n josephus_n acosta_n observe_v that_o betwixt_o the_o tropic_n the_o wind_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n easterly_n beyond_o westerly_a and_o a_o dutch-discoverer_n have_v relate_v that_o in_o guinea_n they_o have_v a_o certain_a wind_n which_o come_v from_o the_o land_n till_o noon_n and_o then_o very_a violent_a from_o the_o sea_n in_o so_o much_o as_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v wont_a to_o traffic_v in_o the_o morning_n be_v not_o able_a to_o endure_v it_o which_o if_o it_o be_v true_a we_o can_v imagine_v this_o region_n to_o be_v so_o hot_a as_o man_n suppose_v for_o here_o the_o heat_n in_o the_o night_n be_v assuage_v by_o the_o absence_n or_o remoteness_n of_o the_o sun_n likewise_o the_o excess_n of_o heat_n incident_a to_o noonetide_v be_v much_o qualify_v or_o as_o it_o shall_v seem_v by_o this_o relation_n altogether_o vanquish_v by_o the_o cold_a wind_n derive_v from_o the_o sea_n another_o reason_n no_o less_o probable_a may_v be_v derive_v from_o the_o excessive_a height_n of_o the_o land_n and_o great_a mountain_n observe_v to_o be_v near_o or_o under_o the_o line_n who_o top_n be_v always_o cover_v with_o snow_n which_o give_v a_o sufficient_a testimony_n of_o cold_a for_o instance_n we_o need_v go_v no_o far_o than_o the_o ridge_n of_o the_o mountain_n andâ—_n in_o america_n where_o they_o observe_v the_o air_n to_o be_v so_o chin_n and_o cold_a that_o it_o inforce_v they_o to_o scour_v and_o vomit_v which_o come_v near_o it_o the_o like_a whereof_o be_v relate_v of_o another_o call_v punas_n where_o the_o extremity_n of_o cold_a cut_v off_o their_o hand_n from_o which_o experience_n we_o may_v find_v some_o place_n near_o the_o line_n to_o be_v more_o infest_a with_o cold_a 〈◊〉_d heat_n the_o laâ—t_n and_o great_a â—eason_n may_v be_v take_v from_o the_o continual_a moisture_n wherewith_o the_o region_n situate_v betwixt_o the_o tropic_n frequent_o abound_v this_o moisture_n be_v derive_v from_o two_o cause_n 1_o from_o the_o melt_a of_o the_o snow_n on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n by_o the_o sun_n which_o run_v from_o thence_o continual_o into_o the_o valley_n keep_v they_o almost_o always_o waterish_a especial_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o summer_n when_o the_o sun_n be_v near_a 2_o from_o the_o extreme_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o be_v very_o near_o and_o many_o time_n vertical_a raise_v up_o continual_o moist_a vapour_n in_o great_a quantity_n these_o vapourâ—_n in_o so_o short_a a_o time_n as_o 12_o hour_n be_v not_o consume_v but_o meeting_n with_o the_o cold_a from_o the_o middle_a region_n of_o the_o air_n be_v therewith_o convert_v into_o drop_n which_o fall_v down_o again_o in_o great_a shower_n in_o so_o much_o as_o some_o traveller_n of_o good_a credit_n have_v tell_v i_o that_o all_o the_o while_o they_o sail_v betwixt_o the_o tropic_n they_o seldom_o see_v the_o sun_n by_o reason_n of_o rain_n and_o cloudy_a vapour_n whence_o we_o note_v with_o josephus_n acosta_n by_o way_n of_o consectary_n that_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o sun_n betwixt_o the_o tropic_n produce_v moisture_n but_o contrariwise_o without_o the_o tropic_n it_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o drought_n whence_o the_o inhabitant_n enjoy_v as_o it_o be_v a_o winter_n when_o the_o sun_n be_v to_o they_o vertical_a because_o of_o the_o distemperature_n by_o wind_n raines_n and_o storm_n and_o great_a inundation_n whereunto_o common_o all_o great_a river_n betwixt_o the_o tropic_n be_v most_o subject_a also_o they_o seem_v to_o have_v a_o summer_n when_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o or_o near_o the_o tropic_n because_o be_v somewhat_o remove_v he_o can_v be_v so_o powerful_a in_o draw_v such_o store_n of_o vapour_n and_o exhalation_n which_o he_o can_v dispel_v and_o consume_v thus_o we_o see_v the_o moiety_n of_o this_o first_o section_n lie_v 15_o degree_n from_o the_o equatour_n how_o soever_o subject_a to_o a_o great_a reflection_n of_o the_o sunbeam_n yet_o through_o the_o concurrence_n of_o other_o cause_n to_o be_v find_v indifferent_o temperate_a and_o the_o other_o 15_o degree_n about_o the_o tropic_n howsoever_o subject_a to_o a_o lesser_a reflection_n to_o be_v excessive_a hot_a which_o late_a cause_n beside_o all_o which_o have_v be_v say_v before_o shall_v be_v further_o confirm_v hereafter_o by_o the_o complexion_n of_o the_o native_a inhabitant_n which_o we_o shall_v find_v to_o be_v choller-adust_a the_o true_a symptom_n of_o a_o external_a heat_n but_o if_o any_o man_n shall_v answer_v that_o this_o accident_n be_v incident_a as_o well_o to_o the_o region_n situate_v under_o the_o equatour_n as_o to_o that_o under_o the_o tropic_n i_o will_v produce_v another_o reason_n draw_v from_o the_o colour_n of_o their_o countenance_n which_o under_o the_o equatour_n be_v not_o see_v so_o black_a and_o swarthy_a as_o elsewhere_o for_o towards_o the_o tropic_n be_v place_v the_o land_n of_o blackmore_n or_o nigritarum_fw-la regio_fw-la where_o the_o people_n be_v all_o coalblack_a which_o may_v perhaps_o happen_v also_o to_o those_o that_o dwell_v under_o the_o other_o tropic_n but_o that_o other_o cause_n interpose_v themselves_o which_o hinder_v the_o excess_n of_o heat_n which_o be_v take_v to_o be_v the_o chief_a cause_n of_o this_o blackness_n here_o some_o will_v oppose_v the_o opinion_n of_o herodotus_n which_o refer_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o blackness_n in_o the_o negro_n to_o the_o seed_n which_o he_o will_v have_v to_o be_v black_a other_o will_v have_v this_o blackness_n as_o a_o curse_n inflict_v upon_o cham_n posterity_n but_o these_o opinion_n carry_v very_o little_a show_n of_o probability_n for_o first_o if_o this_o former_a opinion_n be_v admit_v it_o will_v of_o necessity_n follow_v say_v boden_n that_o ethiopian_n in_o scythia_n shall_v always_o be_v bear_v black_a and_o scythian_n in_o ethiopia_n shall_v be_v always_o white_a for_o as_o much_o as_o all_o nation_n from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o world_n have_v be_v confuse_v and_o mix_v by_o the_o distinction_n of_o colony_n but_o experience_n teach_v we_o that_o man_n trasplant_v into_o another_o soil_n will_v in_o manner_n of_o tree_n and_o plant_n by_o little_a and_o little_a degenerate_a and_o change_v their_o first_o disposition_n as_o if_o a_o blackmore_n marry_v and_o beget_v child_n here_o with_o we_o in_o england_n experience_n will_v plain_o declare_v the_o child_n to_o be_v more_o incline_v to_o whiteness_n then_o the_o father_n and_o the_o grand_a child_n more_o than_o they_o second_o if_o the_o second_o opinion_n of_o cham_n curse_n deserve_v any_o credit_n i_o see_v no_o reason_n why_o all_o his_o posterity_n such_o as_o by_o most_o writer_n consent_v be_v general_o the_o people_n of_o africa_n shall_v not_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o same_o execration_n as_o well_o as_o one_o little_a parcel_n of_o it_o moreover_o it_o be_v report_v by_o pline_n and_o confirm_v by_o appian_n that_o in_o those_o place_n be_v many_o
have_v a_o twofold_a motion_n the_o first_o be_v common_a to_o all_o heavy_a body_n as_o well_o as_o the_o earth_n in_o which_o be_v a_o inclination_n to_o come_v as_o near_o as_o they_o can_v to_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n whereof_o we_o have_v speak_v in_o our_o former_a book_n the_o second_o be_v that_o which_o more_o proper_o agree_v to_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v again_o twofold_a either_o the_o natural_a or_o the_o violent_a the_o natural_a howsoever_o requiâ—ing_v perhaps_o the_o concurrence_n of_o some_o external_a cause_n be_v notwithstanding_o so_o call_v for_o as_o much_o as_o it_o chief_o seem_v to_o proceed_v from_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o sea-water_n the_o violent_a be_v cause_v mere_o by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o wind_n move_v the_o ocean_n the_o natural_a motion_n we_o have_v again_o divide_v into_o general_n or_o special_a because_o the_o afflux_n and_o reflux_n of_o the_o sea_n whereof_o we_o be_v to_o treat_v be_v general_a throughout_o the_o whole_a ocean_n some_o petty_a creek_n perchance_o except_v whereas_o the_o current_n which_o be_v the_o second_o kind_n of_o motion_n be_v more_o special_a as_o agree_v not_o to_o all_o or_o most_o part_n as_o it_o seem_v but_o to_o some_o one_o or_o other_o special_a place_n as_o we_o shall_v show_v 1_o the_o sea_n twice_o every_o day_n ebb_v and_o flow_v the_o flow_a and_o ebb_v of_o the_o sea_n howsoever_o it_o can_v be_v precise_o observe_v in_o all_o sea_n yet_o because_o few_o place_n of_o the_o main_a ocean_n be_v exempt_v from_o it_o deserve_v the_o first_o &_o chief_a consideration_n that_o such_o a_o motion_n there_o be_v experience_n show_v but_o the_o search_v out_o of_o the_o cause_n be_v for_o aught_o i_o can_v observe_v one_o of_o the_o great_a difficulty_n in_o all_o natural_a philosophy_n in_o so_o much_o as_o aristotle_n one_o of_o the_o acute_a philosopher_n be_v report_v to_o have_v stand_v amaze_v at_o the_o flow_a and_o ebb_v of_o euripus_n and_o despair_v of_o find_v out_o the_o cause_n at_o length_n enforce_v to_o cast_v himself_o into_o the_o river_n which_o have_v before_o confound_v he_o wherefore_o it_o may_v seem_v sufficient_a for_o i_o to_o trace_v their_o step_n who_o have_v wade_v far_o into_o the_o search_n of_o this_o cause_n have_v very_o little_a hope_n to_o go_v further_o the_o first_o opinion_n be_v of_o the_o stoic_n who_o suppose_v the_o whole_a world_n to_o be_v a_o great_a live_a creature_n compose_v of_o diverse_a element_n which_o enjoy_v both_o breath_n and_o life_n this_o live_a creature_n they_o imagine_v to_o have_v his_o nostril_n place_v in_o the_o main_a ocean_n where_o by_o draw_v in_o and_o send_v forth_o breath_n the_o ebb_a and_o flow_v of_o the_o sea_n be_v cause_v but_o this_o seem_v rather_o to_o be_v a_o poetical_a fiction_n or_o allegory_n then_o any_o conceit_n of_o a_o philosopher_n apollonius_n tianaeus_n be_v of_o a_o opinion_n that_o certain_a spirit_n eitherunder_o or_o above_o the_o water_n breathe_v into_o it_o this_o motion_n timaeus_n teach_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o moisture_n to_o be_v the_o river_n break_v into_o the_o ocean_n by_o the_o great_a mountain_n plato_n think_v that_o it_o be_v make_v by_o the_o swallow_a up_o of_o the_o sea_n into_o a_o gulf_n or_o hole_n which_o be_v again_o cast_v out_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o that_o motion_n in_o the_o sea_n selevous_a the_o mathematician_n which_o affirm_v that_o the_o earth_n be_v carry_v round_o with_o a_o perpetual_a motion_n think_v that_o the_o moon_n be_v turn_v round_o with_o a_o motion_n contrary_n to_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o from_o this_o to_o proceed_v that_o motion_n of_o ebb_a and_o flow_v of_o the_o sea_n whereof_o we_o now_o treat_v what_o aristotle_n opinion_n be_v concern_v this_o matter_n be_v a_o uncertain_a conjecture_n forasmuch_o as_o little_a or_o nothing_o can_v be_v gather_v touch_v this_o point_n in_o controversy_n out_o of_o any_o book_n which_o be_v certain_o know_v to_o be_v aristotle_n for_o the_o tract_n of_o the_o propriety_n of_o element_n where_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o motion_n be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o moon_n be_v judge_v to_o be_v none_o of_o aristotle_n but_o of_o some_o late_a author_n yet_o plutarch_n impose_v on_o aristotle_n this_o opinion_n that_o this_o motion_n of_o the_o sea_n shall_v come_v from_o the_o sun_n because_o by_o it_o be_v raise_v up_o many_o windy_a exhalation_n which_o shall_v cause_v the_o sea_n to_o swell_v blow_v into_o the_o great_a atlantic_a ocean_n but_o thisopinion_n be_v charge_v by_o paâ—ricius_n of_o a_o threefold_a error_n 1._o that_o it_o shall_v proceed_v from_o the_o sun_n 2_o from_o the_o wind_n 3_o that_o it_o be_v only_o in_o the_o atlantic_a sea_n he_o see_v say_v patricius_n that_o in_o the_o atlantic_a which_o he_o can_v not_o in_o the_o aegean_a sea_n at_o home_n and_o near_a athens_n for_o 1_o no_o wind_n blow_v so_o regular_o that_o for_o one_o six_o hour_n it_o shall_v blow_v forward_o the_o 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trespass_v on_o the_o land_n many_o have_v learn_v to_o their_o great_a loss_n and_o calamity_n it_o be_v observe_v sometime_o in_o the_o venetian_a shore_n that_o the_o sea_n drive_v with_o wind_n swell_v so_o high_a that_o overflow_a all_o the_o bank_n and_o channel_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v enforce_v to_o row_v in_o boat_n from_o house_n to_o house_n their_o cistern_n be_v infect_v with_o salt-water_n and_o their_o precious_a water_n in_o vault_n and_o cellar_n spoil_v the_o like_a have_v heretofore_o be_v find_v if_o we_o will_v credit_v history_n in_o the_o belgic_a sea_n on_o which_o the_o northwest_o wind_v blow_n with_o such_o vehemency_n and_o so_o long_o that_o it_o break_v down_o the_o ordinary_a bank_n and_o in_o zealand_n and_o holland_n swallow_v up_o many_o town_n with_o infinite_a multitude_n of_o people_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v warrant_v by_o a_o report_n i_o have_v hear_v of_o many_o travayler_n that_o in_o a_o calm_a tide_n the_o top_n of_o tower_n and_o steeple_n 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utter_o annihilate_v but_o by_o a_o almighty_a hand_n in_o some_o other_o place_n make_v by_o their_o addition_n the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o such_o place_n high_a than_o before_o whence_o by_o reason_n it_o seem_v to_o be_v collect_v that_o the_o ordinary_a eminency_n of_o the_o height_n of_o the_o earth_n at_o oâ—e_a the_o water_n shall_v be_v answerable_a to_o the_o ordinary_a depth_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o if_o hill_n and_o mountain_n be_v compare_v we_o may_v sâ—t_v they_o against_o the_o deep_n and_o extraordinary_a while-poole_n and_o gull_n and_o so_o betwixt_o the_o sea_n and_o land_n and_o the_o part_n of_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o we_o may_v settle_v a_o kind_n of_o agreement_n and_o proportion_n in_o a_o matter_n of_o so_o great_a uncertainty_n no_o man_n will_v expect_v a_o evident_a domonstraâ—ion_n 3_o the_o site_n be_v the_o position_n of_o the_o sea_n in_o respect_n oâ—_n the_o earth_n concern_v the_o site_n of_o the_o sea_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o earth_n we_o must_v consider_v the_o water_n and_o earth_n two_o way_n first_o absolute_o as_o they_o be_v element_n and_o solid_a body_n second_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o superficies_n of_o either_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o whole_a solid_a body_n of_o the_o water_n as_o that_o of_o the_o earth_n we_o must_v confess_v without_o all_o doubt_n that_o the_o water_n have_v the_o high_a place_n be_v light_a than_o the_o earth_n of_o which_o situation_n we_o have_v speak_v in_o the_o first_o book_n for_o although_o some_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v think_v by_o most_o as_o we_o shall_v prove_v to_o be_v above_o some_o part_n of_o the_o water_n yet_o be_v this_o of_o no_o sensible_a proportion_n in_o respect_n of_o that_o vast_a mass_n of_o earth_n couch_v under_o the_o water_n betwixt_o they_o and_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n but_o the_o question_n be_v here_o
external_a by_o the_o external_a i_o understand_v that_o which_o belong_v to_o sea-trafficke_n or_o navigation_n 2_o sea-trafficke_n be_v a_o passage_n by_o sea_n from_o one_o country_n to_o another_o it_o be_v not_o my_o purpose_n in_o this_o place_n exact_o to_o set_v down_o the_o art_n of_o navigation_n be_v a_o matter_n require_v a_o special_a treatise_n of_o itself_o yet_o because_o ship_v and_o navigation_n as_o external_a or_o adjacent_a accident_n belong_v to_o the_o sea_n as_o the_o proper_a subject_n i_o can_v not_o altogether_o slip_v they_o over_o without_o some_o mention_n in_o handle_v of_o which_o matter_n i_o only_o propose_v to_o myself_o two_o thing_n first_o the_o author_n and_o efficient_a cause_n of_o seavoyage_n or_o navigation_n second_o the_o end_n and_o use_v thereof_o both_o which_o we_o will_v knit_v up_o in_o these_o two_o general_a theorem_n 1_o navigation_n first_o teach_v by_o almighty_a god_n be_v afterward_o second_v by_o the_o industry_n of_o famous_a man_n in_o all_o age_n the_o first_o invention_n of_o this_o excellent_a art_n we_o can_v ascribe_v to_o no_o other_o author_n than_o god_n himself_o who_o first_o teach_v the_o hebrew_n his_o choose_a people_n and_o not_o the_o egyptian_n and_o phoenicians_n as_o some_o have_v false_o imagine_v for_o we_o read_v in_o genesis_n that_o noah_n according_a to_o god_n precept_n make_v a_o ark_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o himself_o and_o other_o live_a creature_n from_o the_o deluge_n before_o which_o we_o can_v learn_v that_o there_o be_v extant_a any_o skill_n of_o navigation_n of_o which_o we_o have_v many_o reason_n and_o conjecture_n give_v by_o ancient_a writer_n 1_o because_o in_o those_o time_n there_o be_v great_a need_n of_o city_n than_o ship_n because_o city_n be_v not_o make_v for_o ship_n but_o rather_o ship_n for_o the_o use_n of_o city_n 2_o small_a or_o little_a commodity_n can_v in_o those_o time_n be_v reap_v from_o other_o country_n lie_v as_o yet_o rude_a and_o unpossess_v without_o inhabitant_n 3_o some_o will_v have_v this_o to_o be_v a_o reason_n why_o god_n reveal_v not_o this_o art_n to_o the_o old_a worldling_n because_o be_v ready_a to_o perish_v in_o the_o flood_n no_o man_n may_v have_v mean_n to_o escape_v or_o save_v himself_o which_o without_o doubt_n they_o will_v have_v attempt_v have_v the_o art_n of_o navigation_n be_v know_v among_o they_o whence_o it_o be_v a_o probable_a conjecture_n that_o this_o knowledge_n of_o navigation_n be_v discover_v first_o to_o noah_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o deluge_n who_o ark_n rest_v afterward_o on_o the_o mountain_n of_o ararat_n give_v a_o precedent_n to_o other_o nation_n near_o border_a in_o what_o manner_n ship_n be_v to_o be_v frame_v whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o first_o to_o who_o this_o skill_n be_v derive_v next_o to_o the_o hebrew_n be_v the_o tyrian_n and_o phaenician_o nation_n as_o well_o for_o the_o commodity_n of_o the_o place_n as_o inclination_n to_o 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either_o to_o a_o captain_n or_o statesman_n for_o as_o much_o as_o it_o more_o strengthen_v the_o wit_n than_o abate_v the_o courage_n of_o a_o nation_n neither_o be_v it_o proper_o say_v to_o break_v and_o weaken_v but_o rather_o to_o temper_v and_o regulate_v our_o spirit_n for_o it_o be_v not_o valour_n but_o rather_o rashness_n or_o fierceness_n which_o be_v not_o manage_v with_o policy_n and_o discretion_n and_o although_o it_o have_v sometime_o be_v attend_v with_o notable_a exploit_n as_o that_o of_o alexander_n the_o great_a of_o the_o goth_n the_o ancient_a gaul_n and_o many_o other_o yet_o shall_v we_o observe_v such_o conquest_n to_o be_v of_o small_a continuance_n for_o what_o they_o atcheive_v by_o strength_n they_o lose_v for_o want_v of_o policy_n so_o that_o it_o be_v well_o say_v by_o one_o that_o moderation_n be_v the_o mother_n of_o continuance_n to_o state_n and_o kingdom_n thus_o have_v we_o run_v over_o by_o god_n assistance_n the_o chief_a cause_n of_o diversity_n of_o disposition_n of_o nation_n wherein_o if_o any_o man_n will_v inform_v himself_o as_o he_o shall_v he_o must_v compare_v one_o circumstance_n with_o another_o and_o make_v his_o judgement_n not_o from_o a_o man_n but_o a_o nation_n and_o not_o censure_v any_o nation_n out_o of_o one_o observation_n for_o practice_v in_o art_n can_v always_o come_v home_o to_o speculation_n so_o experience_n in_o this_o kind_n will_v oftentimes_o cross_v the_o most_o general_a rule_n we_o can_v imagine_v it_o be_v enough_o to_o judge_v as_o we_o find_v and_o walk_v where_o the_o way_n be_v open_a if_o any_o man_n will_v desire_v more_o curiosity_n he_o may_v spend_v more_o labour_n to_o less_o purpose_n let_v every_o man_n by_o behold_v the_o national_a vice_n of_o other_o man_n praise_v almighty_a god_n for_o his_o own_o happiness_n and_o by_o see_v their_o virtue_n learn_v to_o correct_v his_o own_o vice_n so_o shall_v our_o travail_n in_o this_o terrestrial_a globe_n be_v our_o direct_a way_n to_o heaven_n and_o that_o eternal_a guide_n shall_v conduct_v we_o which_o can_v never_o err_v to_o who_o be_v ascribe_v all_o glory_n praise_v and_o power_n for_o evermore_o deo_fw-la triuni_fw-la laus_fw-la in_o aeternum_fw-la finis_fw-la ptolom_n geogr_n l._n 1._o sec._n 1._o seneca_n in_o medeâ_fw-la act._n 2._o de_fw-fr gen_n &_o cor_fw-la 〈◊〉_d de_fw-fr caelum_fw-la cap._n 4._o l._n the_o sphaer_n lib._n 1_o geog_n cap._n 4._o lib._n 2._o c._n 72._o lib._n 1._o de_fw-fr mundi_fw-la fabr_fw-la part_n 3._o cap._n 2._o psal._n 104._o fundavit_fw-la terram_fw-la super_fw-la base_n svas_fw-la ne_fw-la dimoveatur_fw-la in_o saeculum_fw-la vers_fw-la 5._o ptol._n dict_z 1._o cap._n 5._o alph._n 6._o diff_n 6._o prop._n 11._o lib._n 1._o 1._o pag._n 149._o r._n ld._n d._n 1_o meteor_n lib._n 4._o sr_n walter_n raleigh_n