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cause_n	day_n	time_n	year_n	3,093	5	4.9048	4	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A16510	A regiment for the sea conteyning most profitable rules, mathematical experiences, and perfect knovvledge of nauigation, for all coastes and countreys: most needefull and necessarie for all seafaring men and trauellers, as pilotes, mariners, marchants. [et] c. Exactly deuised and made by VVilliam Bourne.	Bourne, William, d. 1583.	1574 (1574)	STC 3422; ESTC S104662	95,591	154

is very good for them that are Masters or Pylotes of shippes to note when they doe fall with any lande where the Compasse is varied to make a remembrance in a booke howe many poyntes and degrees the Cōpasse is varied in euery place where they come vnto which will be a great helpe for them to finde that place agayne And to finde the variation it is declared in the 6. Chapter And héere I leaue to trouble thée any further for this time but shortly after this looke for two other workes of myne the one called The shoting in great Ordinance an other named A Treasure for Trauellers which two Bookes will be profitable I trust for all men If these my labours may profite my Countrey then haue I my desire And thus I bid thee moste hartily farewell 8. Capitall or head pointes 8. Inferior pointes or winds 16. by pointes or windes Thenames of the .32 pointes of the cōpa●se The contents of the Equinoctiall circle 360. degres one point of the cōpasse contayneth 11. degrees and a quarter The .32 pointes brought into .24 houres The cause why that it was called the Pryme or Golden number To knowe howe many the Epact is The pryme is the time of .19 yeres To knowe the age of the Moone by the number of the Epact To knowe the alteration of the ●ides in .24 houres An ensample for the full Sea vppon the ●●nds end ▪ for euery day of the age of the Moone To shift the Sunne and Moone by the points of the compasse The contente of the numbre of dayes and houres in one moone the houres in euery mone be .708.44 minuts The contente of a year is .365 dayes .5 hours .55 Minuts How the mooneths tooke their names The Zodiack conteyneth .360 degrees The moouing of .24 houres The tyme that the Moone goeth thorow the .12 signes The .3 motions of the Moone Of Auge The cause why the Moone chaungeth rather or later The mone goeth in .24 hours somtimes more degrees and sometime fewer degrees The moue is not one point asunder from the Sunne in .24 houres The mone is in .24 houres a point and .11 minuts asunder frō the Sunne Error of Marriners It will now a point of the compasse more in the spring tides than in the neap tides in a Riuer that hath any distance vnto the Sea. To know how long the Mone shineth To knowe what houre or point the Moone ryseth or setteth To knowe what houre the Moone is South for euery day of the age of the Moone Of the chaunge Of the full Moone Quarter of the Moon Ensample of the moones rysing setting The Mone hath latitude You cannot know what a clock it is by the compasse the Sun being in the north signes Error of the shadow of the Moon● The Equinoctiall dyals be very good As touching the length and shortnesse of the day and night Euery person cannot calculate the Sunnes declination Two times in the yeare the Sunne hath no declination 1573. How to obserue the sun To take the heigth of the Sunne with the crosse staffe The cause why the crosse staffe is best to take the heigth of the Sun vnto 50 degrees To take the heigth of the Sun with the Astrolobe Howe to correct your Astrolobe if it dothe nor hang vpright The Astrolobe is best to take the heigth of the Sunne at .60.70 or .80 degrees in heigth How to preserue your eyes when you touch the Sunne with the crosse staffe and haue no glasses The diameter of the Sunne is 30. or .31 minuts Some error in the crosse staffe and how to reforme it To get the true Meridian vpon the Land. To knowe the true Meridian at the Sea and also if your compas be varied and to know how much they be varied To find the variation of the compas in the night by the Starres but not by the Moone ▪ Medell not with your compasse al though it be varied To saile by the compas that is varied As touching Longitude to be found by the Northeasting or Northwesting of the compasse The greatest declination of the Sunne Equinoctiall of Autumne The greatest declination to the South The yeare is compared vnto a ring or an adder biting his tayle The heigth of the Sun being taken and knowē then how to handle the declinatiō to know the heigth of the pole Things to be noted as touching the taking of the altitude of the pole A thing to be noted Altitude or Latitude is all one question in effect Being vnder the Equinoctiall you haue neither Latitude nor altitude for that the Equinoctiall is your Zenith and the Poles your Horizon Of your zenith being betweene the Equinoctiall and the Sunne An ensāple An ensāple where the pole is .10 degrees aboue the Horizon An ensāple To take the Sun to the Northwardes you being betweene the south Pole and the Equinoctiall An ensāple by taking the South pole 41. degrees aboue the Horizon An ensāple by taking the north pole 60. degrees aboue the Horizon A thing to be noted in the handling of the Sūnes declination Howe to know whiche of the .2 poles be vnder the horizon The cause why english mē haue not traueled far beyonde the Equinoctiall An vntemperat place for extreme heate Temperate clymate Of being vnder either of the poles Of taking the heigth of the sun due north at the lowest A thing worthy to be noted as touching the sunnes declination A thing to be noted of the pole and the Equinoctiall the Zenith and the Horizon The Sun taken due North at .6 degrees Of viages for discouery to the Northwards eyther to the Eastward by Noua Zemla or to the West ward by cape de Paramantia Of temperatenesse the pole being raysed 80. degrees The length of the paralele at .80 degrees is but .1250 english leagues How necessary it is for a Seafaring man to know the lēgth of the day Vnder the Equinoctial the day is always .12 houres lōg The pole 16. degrees 44. minuts the day .13 houres long when it is at the lōgest ▪ The pole 30. degrees 48. minuts the longest day .14 houres lōg The pole 41. degrees 23. minutes the longest day .15 houres lōg The pole raised .49 deg 1. mi. then the longest day is 16. houres long The pole raised .54 deg 30. mi. then the longest daye is 17. houres long The pole raysed .58 deg 27. mi. the longest day is .18 houres long The pole raysed .61 deg 18. mi. the longest day is .19 houres long The Pole 63. deg 2. mi. the longest day .20 hours long The pole raysed .64 degrees .49 minutes the longest day 11. houres long The pole 65. degrees the longest day .22 houres lōg The pole 66. degrees 20. minutes the longest day .23 houres lōg The pole 66. degrees 32. minutes then the Sun shall not set vnto them The Sun clean aboue the Horizon due North and not to appeare aboue the Horizon South at noone To knowe the length of the

pointes containe .24 houres that is to say one point containeth .3 quarters of an hour .45 minutes and .2 pointes one houre and a halfe .4 pointes .3 houres 8. poyntes .6 houres .12 poyntes .9 houres .16 poyntes .12 houres and so to the rest of the poyntes And euery houre contayneth .60 minutes and euery halfe houre .30 minutes and euery quarter of an houre .15 minutes and after that rate .45 minutes maketh thrée quarters of an houre ¶ The second Chapter or rule treateth of the Golden number or Prime shewing the Epacte and by the Epacte to knowe the Age of the Moone IT is necessary and conuenient for the Seafaring men to knowe the Prime or Golden number for by the Golden number is knowne the Epacte and the Epacte sheweth the age of the Moone or chaunge day within .12 houres vnder or ouer and by the age of the Moone you may know at what a clocke it doth flowe in any place that you doe knowe what Moone doth make a full Sea therefore it is méete too know the Epacte and that is knowne by the Pryme or Golden number The cause why it was called the Golden number was bycause it was sent out of Egypte in letters of golde too the Romaines or Citie of Rome The cause why that it is called the Pryme was for that it was the first order that the Moones course was known by and it is thus knowne Adde one to the yeare of our Lord that you would knowe the Golden number or Pryme of then deuide the number by .19 the remainer is the Pryme and multiply that by .11 and looke what the number commeth vnto deuide that by .30 the remayner is the Epact Then when you haue once the Epact adde .11 to your Epact for euery yere more and looke what that commeth to that is your Epact and if it do passe .30 put that away and keepe the remainer for your Epact And thus this rule will serue for euer sauing when the Pryme beginneth at one for then the Epacte is .11 and then doe as aforesayde as you may perceyue by this table héere following ¶ The Table of Pryme and Epacte for .19 yeares and vvhen those .19 yeares be ended then beginne againe and so it will serue for euer c. The yere of the Lorde Pryme Epact 1574 17 7 1575 18 18 1576 19 29 1577 1 11 1578 2 22 1579 3 3 1580 4 14 1581 5 25 1582 6 6 1583 7 17 1584 8 28 1585 9 9 1586 10 20 1587 11 1 1588 12 12 1589 13 23 1590 14 4 1591 15 15 1592 16 26 THe Prime or Golden number is the time of .19 yeares in the which time the Moone maketh all hir chaunges or coniunctions with the Sunne and when all these .19 yeares be expired then she beginneth againe as for example This yeare being the yeare of our Lord .1574 she chaunged the .22 day of March and euery yere doth alter .11 days of hir change till the yere .1593 and then she chaungeth the sayd .22 daye of March againe as I shewed you before The Epacte is the putting to .11 for euery yeare Nowe furthermore to knowe the age of the Moone do thus take the number of the Epact for your yere beginning at March alwayes and recken how many monthes it is from March counting March for one then recken howe many dayes of the moneth it is in whiche you would knowe the age of the Moone Then put all your numbers togither that is to say your Epacte your moneth from March and euery day of the moneth then looke howe many it amounteth vnto that is the age of the Moone but if it passe .30 throwe all the .30 away and kéepe that that will not be .30 for when the age of the Moone is iust .30 then is it the chaunge daye and if it be the fiftéenth daye of the age of the Moone then the Moone is at the full When the age is betwéene seuen dayes and eight then is the first quarter And if it be .xxij. dayes olde then the Moone is at the laste quarter as for example this yeare .1574 I looke and finde the Epacte .7 for the yeare nowe I woulde knowe the age of the Moone the .13 daye of Iune Nowe I recken how many monthes it is from March reckning March for one and I finde it is foure monethes then I take and adde all these togyther that is to say seuen for the Epacte and foure for the monethes that is to say March Aprill May Iune and then .13 for the dayes of the moneth and all commeth to .24 So that you may conclude that the Moone is .24 days olde and was at the last quarter two dayes before ¶ The thirde Chapter or rule treateth hovv to knovv by the age of the Moone what houre it dothe flowe or is full Sea at any place where you doe knowe what Moone maketh a full Sea. NOwe by the age of the Moone you may knowe at what houre it floweth in any place where you do know what Moone maketh a full Sea whiche rule commonly the Sea men cal the shifting their Sunne and Moone and many wayes there be too doe it for thus they may doe it Let them deuide one houre into .5 parts and thē take .4 of those parts and put the fifth part away that serueth for the alteration of 24. houres the foure fift parts of an houre are .48 minuts and the .5 part of an houre is .12 minuts A floud and an ebbe dothe alter .24 minuts forwards as this for example it floweth at .12 of the clocke at the Lands end vpon the chaunge day the Moone being in the South at all times a full Sea ▪ The Moone being one day old it floweth at .12 of the clocke 48. minuts .2 dayes olde it floweth at one of the clock .36 minuts .3 days old it floweth at .2 of the clock .24 minuts four dayes old it floweth at .3 of the clocke .12 minuts fiue dayes old it floweth at .4 of the clocke iust Sixe dayes old it floweth at .4 of the clocke .48 minuts Seuen dayes old at .5 of the clocke .36 minuts Eight dayes old at .6 of the clocke .24 ▪ minuts Nine dayes old at .7 of the clocke .12 minuts Ten dayes old it floweth at .8 of the clocke iust Eleuen dayes old at .8 of the clocke .48 minuts 12. dayes .9 of the clocke .36 minuts 13. dayes old .10 of the clocke .24 minuts 14. days old it floweth at .11 of the clocke .12 minuts 15. dayes old it floweth at .12 of the clock iust then being the full Moone and so begin againe as you did before at one day old and so foorth For the course of the tides is nothing else but to adde for euery day● of the age of the Moone one houre pulling backe the fifth par● of an houre being .12 minuts and by this accompt you maye at all times knowe at what a clocke

minutes .5 days olde at .4 of the clock iust .6 days olde at .4 of the clock 48. minuts .7 days olde at .5 of the clock .36 minutes When the Moone is iust a quarter old she is South at .6 of the clock at night at .8 dayes olde the Moone is South at .6 of the clocke .48 minutes at .9 dayes olde at .7 of the clock .12 minutes at .10 dayes olde at .8 of the clocke iust At .11 dayes olde at .8 of the clock .48 minutes at .12 dayes olde at .9 of the clocke .36 minutes at .13 dayes olde at .10 of the clock .24 minutes at .14 dayes olde at .11 of the clocke .12 minutes at .15 dayes olde being the full Moone she is then South at midnight One daye after the full Moone she is South at .12 of the clocke .48 minutes at midnight Two dayes after the full at one of the clocke .36 minutes Three dayes after at .2 of the clocke .24 minutes Foure days after at .3 of the clock 12. minutes Fiue dayes after at .4 of the clocke iust in the morning Sixe dayes after at .4 of the clock .48 minutes .7 dayes after at .5 of the clocke .36 minutes When the Moone is thrée quarters olds she is South at .6 of the clocke in the morning At .8 dayes after the full being the firste daye after the quarter at .6 of the clocke .24 minuts .9 days after at 7. of the clocke .12 minutes .10 dayes after at .8 of the clocke iust .11 dayes after at .8 of the clocke .48 minutes .12 dayes after South at .9 of the clocke 36. minutes .13 dayes after South at .10 of the clocke in the forenoone .24 minutes .14 dayes after at .11 of the clocke .12 minutes at .15 dayes after the Moone dothe chaunge being then with the Sunne for the chaunge of the Moone is when the Moone and the Sunne be bothe vnder one like degree and minute of any signe of the Zodiack The full Moone is when the Sunne and the Moone be opposite the one being directly against the other and iust .6 signes asunder as you maye perceiue at the full Moone for then when the Moone ryseth the Sunne setteth and when the sunne ryseth the Moone setteth The quarters be when the Sunne and Moone be iust .3 signes asunder that is iust .90 degrées Nowe when you list to knowe the very time of the Moones rysing or setting looke in your kalender what signe and degree the Moone is in then according to the rule of the shining deuide that into .2 equall partes then from the South so shall you see at what houre the Moone ryseth as for example this In March alwayes the Sunne is in Aries then the Moone being in hir first quarter then she is 6. hours to the Eastward of the Sunne then the Moone must needs be in Cancer Then shineth the Moone in our Horizon 17. houres then the Moone is South at .6 of the clock then she shineth .8 houres and a halfe after .6 of the clock So that she setteth at .2 of the clock and halfe an houre past then she ryseth in the day .8 houres and a half before .6 of the clock that is at .9 of the clocke and halfe an houre past Now at the last quarter in March then the Moone muste néedes be in Capricornus then shineth the Moone but .7 houres then the moone is South at .6 of the clock in the morning then the Moone riseth .3 houres and a halfe before that is at .2 of the clocke and halfe an houre paste in the morning then she setteth by day at .9 of the clocke and halfe an houre paste and this rule will serue for euer without any great error But yet there is a further matter for the exacte doing which is the Latitude of the Moone from the heade or tayle of the Dragon but that is but a trifle in respecte of muche error and therefore I will not trouble you with that yet there is one thing whiche I would Seafaring men should consider although a great nūbe expert in that yet it is méete to be spoken of as this The Sunne being in Cancer or Moone in like maner or in Gemini or any time when the Sunne or Moone hath North declination they wil set their compasse before them and when they see the Sunne giue an Easte shadowe they will saye that it is .6 of the clock which and if the Sunne be in Cancer it is not muche paste fiue of the clocke and the more to the South wardes the more they doe erre And in like case the Moone being in Cancer when they doe sée the Moone giue an East shadowe by their compasse they will say the Moone is Weast but they do not consider that the Sunne and the Moone being in Cancer commeth so neare our Zenithe or Verticall poynte right ouer our heade whiche is the verie heigth of their declination comming so neare them therfore they must iudge the East or Weast from the Pole or North starre if they will iudge truely Wherefore I do much commende the Equinoctiall Dyals for the exacte truth for they can not know the truth by their compasse so that the Sunne or Moone or any other Starre haue any great declination being in Cancer and you must consider this in like manner The Sunne hauing North declination the further you doe goe to the North wardes the longer is youre daye and the shorter is your night and towardes the Southward the shorter dayes and longer nightes Nowe contrarywise the Sunne hauing South declination the more to the Northwardes the shorter dayes and the longer nightes the further to the Southwards the longer days and shorter nights and vnder the Equinoctiall the nightes and dayes all one what declination soeuer the Sunne hath but this rule that I haue giuen you is for London or any other place that hath that Latitude or eleuation of the Pole Articke at .51 or .52 degrées ¶ The fifth Chapter or rule is of a table of declination commonly called of Seafaring men a Regiment of the Sunne exactly calculated for .4 yeres and wil serue for .24 yeres for euery day of the moneth NOw shall folowe a table of declination or Regiment for 4. yeres being calculated for England and will serue all Europe without much error or any other countrey or place that hath our Longitude as the most part of Affrica as Ginnie and those partes to the South wards as farre as the Antartick pole seruing for euery day of the moneth very necessarie for them that do vse to trauell either by sea or by land and is one of the principall pointes in Nauigation for long voyages and the cause why I haue written this Regiment for the Sea or tables of declination is for that I do knowe that euery person that goeth vnto the Sea as maister of a shippe hath not capacitie to calculate the Sunnes declination by the place of