right_n or_o in_o some_o other_o a_o sufficient_a ability_n or_o capacity_n to_o prescribe_v touch_v the_o first_o it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o he_o which_o will_v prescribe_v must_v have_v a_o certain_a and_o indefeazable_a estate_n and_o not_o otherwise_o as_o if_o a_o tenant_n at_o will_n or_o at_o sufferance_n after_o he_o have_v occupy_v the_o land_n for_o ten_o year_n will_v prescribe_v to_o have_v the_o same_o for_o ten_o year_n this_o be_v not_o good_a but_o a_o tenant_n at_o will_n after_o the_o custom_n although_o he_o come_v in_o at_o the_o first_o by_o the_o lord_n will_v yet_o do_v and_o pay_v that_o which_o he_o ought_v he_o may_v prescribe_v to_o hold_v the_o land_n whether_o the_o lord_n will_v or_o no_o and_o although_o a_o coppyholder_n may_v prescribe_v in_o this_o form_n against_o his_o lord_n yet_o against_o a_o estranger_fw-fr for_o a_o common_a or_o such_o like_a kind_n of_o profit_n he_o can_v prescribe_v bâ—t_v in_o the_o right_n of_o the_o lord_n neither_o yet_o can_v a_o tenant_n for_o life_n or_o for_o year_n prescribe_v in_o the_o right_n of_o their_o own_o estate_n only_o because_o it_o lack_v continuance_n to_o make_v a_o custom_n or_o prescription_n except_o in_o some_o case_n of_o necessity_n the_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n or_o of_o a_o patronage_n for_o year_n or_o life_n may_v grant_v a_o copy_n in_o perpetuity_n or_o presentation_n for_o a_o long_a time_n than_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o grantor_n do_v continue_v and_o this_o be_v admit_v causa_fw-la necessitatis_fw-la and_o not_o jure_fw-la prescriptionis_fw-la to_o the_o second_o capacity_n must_v be_v in_o himself_o that_o do_v prescribe_v which_o ability_n and_o capacity_n must_v consist_v in_o the_o person_n of_o he_o that_o do_v prescribe_v for_o as_o prescription_n may_v be_v sometime_o in_o respect_n of_o estate_n manor_n land_n or_o office_n so_o may_v prescription_n sometime_o be_v in_o respect_n of_o person_n which_o person_n be_v not_o to_o be_v understand_v of_o a_o private_a person_n but_o of_o a_o body_n politic_a not_o that_o many_o person_n may_v prescribe_v except_o the_o same_o be_v incorporate_a and_o to_o prescribe_v in_o respect_n of_o their_o incorporate_a capacity_n and_o not_o in_o respect_n of_o their_o private_a capacity_n as_o if_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o dale_n will_v prescribe_v to_o have_v common_a in_o the_o soil_n of_o s._n this_o be_v no_o good_a prescription_n for_o that_o they_o be_v not_o incorporate_v they_o must_v prescribe_v that_o h._n lord_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o dale_n for_o he_o and_o his_o tenan_n within_o the_o say_a manor_n have_v use_v to_o have_v common_a within_o the_o sai_fw-fr soil_n so_o be_v it_o for_o coppy-holds_a for_o they_o must_v prescribe_v in_o the_o name_n of_o their_o lord_n in_o such_o a_o case_n if_o a_o man_n prescribe_v that_o he_o and_o his_o ancestor_n have_v have_v such_o a_o annuity_n this_o be_v not_o good_a but_o if_o a_o bishop_n do_v prescribe_v that_o he_o and_o his_o predecessor_n have_v have_v such_o a_o annuity_n this_o be_v good_a the_o plead_n of_o prescription_n must_v be_v use_v in_o form_n of_o law_n as_o other_o matter_n that_o be_v pleadable_a and_o form_n must_v be_v use_v likewise_o in_o plead_v of_o coppy-holds_a and_o other_o customary_a title_n for_o avoid_v of_o confusion_n and_o discord_n as_o well_o as_o in_o other_o case_n of_o the_o common_a law_n the_o form_n of_o plead_v prescription_n do_v differ_v as_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o thing_n whereof_o prescription_n be_v make_v and_o sometime_o do_v differ_v as_o the_o person_n do_v differ_v which_o make_v the_o prescription_n as_o if_o a_o coppyholder_n make_v his_o title_n to_o his_o land_n by_o prescription_n he_o must_v plead_v that_o the_o same_o land_n be_v and_o have_v be_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n demise_v and_o demiseable_a by_o the_o copy_n of_o court_n role_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o manor_n whereof_o it_o be_v hold_v if_o two_o man_n as_o young_a brethren_n will_v make_v their_o title_n to_o land_n in_o gavell-kinde_n they_o must_v say_v that_o the_o same_o land_n be_v of_o the_o tenure_n and_o nature_n of_o gavell-kinde_n which_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n have_v be_v part_v and_o partable_a between_o heir_n male_n so_o if_o the_o young_a son_n make_v his_o title_n to_o land_n in_o borough_n english_a he_o must_v plead_v that_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n the_o custom_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n have_v be_v that_o when_o or_o at_o what_o time_n soever_o a_o copy_n holder_n die_v seize_v of_o any_o copyhold_n land_n in_o the_o same_o manor_n have_v divers_a son_n that_o the_o same_o have_v use_v jure_fw-la hereditario_fw-la to_o descend_v unto_o the_o young_a son_n etc._n etc._n and_o as_o the_o form_n do_v differ_v in_o the_o thing_n whereof_o the_o prescription_n be_v common_o make_v so_o do_v it_o differ_v as_o the_o person_n do_v differ_v which_o prescribe_v as_o a_o private_a person_n shall_v prescribe_v in_o he_o and_o his_o ancestor_n who_o estate_n he_o have_v an_fw-mi incorporate_v person_n in_o he_o and_o his_o predecessor_n a_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n in_o he_o and_o they_o which_o be_v lord_n of_o that_o manor_n a_o sheriff_n in_o he_o and_o those_o which_o have_v be_v sheriff_n of_o the_o same_o county_n a_o steward_n of_o a_o manor_n in_o he_o and_o those_o which_o have_v be_v steward_n there_o a_o free_a holder_n in_o he_o and_o they_o which_o have_v be_v steward_n to_o the_o say_a lord_n a_o coppyholder_n shall_v prescribe_v against_o a_o estranger_fw-fr that_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n for_o he_o and_o his_o tenant_n at_o will_n have_v use_v the_o like_a etc._n etc._n what_o necessity_n a_o court_n baron_n be_v of_o whereof_o it_o do_v consist_v how_o it_o be_v define_v and_o what_o shall_v be_v say_v a_o sufficient_a court_n role_n to_o make_v a_o copyhold_n every_o mavour_n have_v a_o court_n baron_fw-fr incident_a to_o it_o of_o common_a right_n and_o common_a necessity_n and_o this_o court_n baron_n consist_v of_o four_o special_a part_n viz._n the_o lord_n the_o steward_n the_o tenant_n and_o the_o bailiff_n a_o court_n baron_n be_v define_v to_o be_v a_o assembly_n of_o these_o part_n together_o within_o the_o say_a manor_n to_o take_v council_n care_n and_o inquire_v of_o cause_n concern_v the_o same_o manor_n to_o see_v justice_n due_o execute_v the_o act_n and_o ordinance_n there_o do_v to_o be_v record_v in_o the_o roll_n of_o the_o same_o court_n which_o roll_n be_v the_o evidence_n of_o all_o ordinance_n duty_n custom_n and_o conveyance_n the_o lord_n and_o tenant_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n and_o be_v to_o be_v enter_v by_o the_o steward_n or_o a_o officer_n indifferent_a between_o the_o lord_n and_o his_o tenant_n and_o the_o same_o roll_n to_o remain_v with_o the_o lord_n thereby_o to_o know_v his_o tenant_n his_o rent_n and_o his_o fine_n his_o custom_n and_o his_o service_n and_o the_o particular_a grant_n of_o every_o copyhold_n to_o be_v coppy_v out_o of_o the_o roll_n the_o copy_n thereof_o to_o be_v deliver_v to_o every_o particular_a tenant_n neither_o can_v they_o make_v any_o other_o title_n to_o their_o say_a tennement_n but_o by_o their_o say_a copy_n if_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n have_v copyhold_n land_n surrender_v into_o his_o hand_n will_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o his_o tenant_n out_o of_o the_o court_n grant_v the_o same_o to_o a_o other_o and_o the_o steward_n enter_v the_o same_o into_o the_o court_n book_n and_o make_v thereof_o a_o copy_n to_o the_o grantee_n and_o the_o lord_n die_v before_o the_o next_o court_n this_o be_v no_o good_a copy_n to_o hold_v the_o land_n but_o if_o the_o same_o surrender_n and_o grant_v be_v present_v at_o the_o next_o court_n in_o the_o life_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o the_o grantee_n admit_v tenant_n and_o a_o copy_n make_v to_o he_o this_o be_v good_a copy_n if_o the_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n have_v ancient_a copyhold_n in_o his_o hand_n will_v by_o a_o deed_n of_o feoffment_n or_o by_o a_o fine_a grant_v this_o land_n to_o one_o to_o hold_v at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o lord_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n yet_o this_o can_v make_v a_o good_a copyhold_n if_o the_o lord_n in_o open_a court_n do_v grant_v a_o copyhold_n land_n and_o the_o steward_n make_v no_o entry_n thereof_o in_o the_o court_n roles_n this_o be_v not_o good_a though_o it_o be_v never_o so_o public_a do_v nor_o no_o collateral_a proof_n can_v make_v it_o good_a but_o if_o the_o tenant_n have_v no_o copy_n make_v unto_o he_o out_o of_o the_o role_n or_o if_o he_o lose_v his_o copy_n yet_o the_o roll_n be_v still_o a_o sufficient_a title_n for_o his_o copyhold_n if_o the_o roll_n be_v also_o lose_v yet_o it_o seem_v that_o by_o proof_n he_o can_v
take_v contra_fw-la to_o master_n brooke_n in_o nov_n â—se_n 426._o but_o though_o a_o gift_n in_o tail_n of_o a_o coppyholder_n be_v not_o contain_v in_o the_o same_o statute_n of_o william_n the_o second_o yet_o i_o think_v in_o such_o manor_n be_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n they_o have_v use_v to_o make_v gift_n in_o tail_n of_o copyhold_n land_n there_o such_o gift_n be_v good_a at_o this_o day_n and_o they_o may_v make_v protestation_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o avy_z writ_n as_o appeareth_z by_o littleton_n what_o shall_v be_v say_v a_o good_a surrender_n as_o in_o the_o conve_a of_o free_a land_n there_o be_v require_v some_o ceremony_n and_o public_a notice_n so_o be_v there_o in_o the_o assure_v of_o coppy-holds_a necessary_a some_o public_a fact_n to_o be_v do_v therein_o which_o be_v the_o surrender_n in_o which_o ceremony_n there_o be_v contain_v two_o effect_n the_o one_o what_o be_v surrener_v and_o to_o who_o use_n the_o other_o that_o it_o be_v do_v with_o the_o lord_n good_a will_n and_o for_o that_o cause_n it_o be_v surrender_v into_o his_o hand_n and_o although_o of_o the_o mean_v a_o manor_n of_o this_o surrender_n there_o be_v divers_a kind_n as_o within_o some_o manor_n to_o surrender_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o another_o coppyholder_n and_o in_o some_o other_o to_o surrender_v into_o the_o steward_n hand_n in_o some_o to_o the_o bailiff_n hand_n and_o some_o by_o give_v a_o yard_n to_o the_o steward_n in_o some_o by_o give_v his_o hand_n or_o his_o glove_n which_o be_v outward_a sign_n of_o his_o intent_n yet_o in_o all_o these_o kind_n the_o word_n of_o surrender_n must_v not_o be_v divers_a but_o one_o or_o to_o one_o effect_n and_o must_v be_v either_o word_n of_o surrender_n express_v or_o word_n of_o surrender_n employ_v and_o therefore_o if_o a_o coppyholder_n will_v bargain_n and_o sell_v his_o land_n to_o i._n s._n and_o this_o be_v find_v by_o the_o homage_n and_o i._o s._n pray_v to_o be_v admitt_v tenant_n yet_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o coppyholder_n shall_v avoid_v the_o admission_n because_o of_o the_o insufficency_n of_o the_o surrender_n take_v by_o the_o word_n of_o bargain_n and_o sale_n and_o not_o by_o word_n of_o surrender_n opi_fw-la sur._n dier_n 8._o eliz._n lou_n ill_a dit_fw-mi &_o relee_v ne_o vault_n aurer_n come_v unsurrender_v if_o a_o coppyholder_n come_v into_o the_o court_n and_o desire_v his_o lord_n to_o admit_v his_o son_n to_o be_v tenant_n in_o his_o father_n place_n this_o seem_v a_o good_a surrender_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o son_n if_o a_o coppyholder_n will_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o other_o copyholders_n of_o the_o same_o manor_n say_v that_o he_o be_v content_a to_o surrender_v his_o copyhold_n land_n to_o the_o use_n of_o i._o s._n this_o be_v no_o good_a surrender_n but_o if_o he_o say_v he_o do_v surrender_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o lord_n to_o the_o use_n of_o i._o s._n if_o the_o lord_n will_v thereunto_o agree_v this_o be_v a_o good_a surrender_n whether_o the_o lord_n will_v or_o not_o if_o the_o tenant_n will_v resign_v his_o interest_n in_o the_o court_n into_o the_o lord_n hand_n therewithal_o for_o the_o lord_n to_o do_v his_o will_n this_o be_v a_o good_a surrender_n if_o it_o be_v accept_v if_o a_o coppyholder_n will_v say_v he_o will_v be_v no_o long_o the_o lord_n tenant_n though_o these_o word_n be_v record_v yet_o this_o be_v no_o good_a surrender_n if_o a_o coppy-holp_a for_o life_n take_v a_o new_a estate_n for_o life_n by_o copy_n this_o be_v a_o surrender_n of_o his_o first_o estate_n but_o if_o a_o coppyholder_n for_o life_n will_v take_v a_o lease_n of_o the_o same_o by_o indenture_n for_o life_n this_o be_v not_o a_o good_a surrender_n of_o the_o copyhold_n quaere_fw-la if_o a_o coppyholder_n come_v to_o the_o lord_n and_o tell_v he_o that_o for_o the_o preferment_n of_o his_o son_n in_o marriage_n with_o such_o a_o man_n daughter_n his_o will_n be_v to_o give_v his_o land_n present_o to_o his_o son_n and_o desire_v the_o lord_n that_o he_o will_v be_v content_v therewith_o this_o be_v no_o good_a surrender_n but_o if_o he_o have_v say_v these_o word_n in_o the_o lord_n court_n and_o the_o same_o record_v or_o find_v by_o homage_n as_o a_o surrender_n and_o so_o present_v than_o this_o have_v be_v a_o good_a surrender_n without_o any_o other_o word_n of_o surrender_n that_o a_o coppyholder_n must_v be_v admit_v tenant_n and_o what_o shall_v be_v say_v a_o good_a admittance_n of_o a_o coppyholder_n if_o a_o copyhold_n descend_v unto_o a_o marry_a woman_n and_o her_o husband_n take_v the_o profit_n 292._o thereof_o and_o suffer_v a_o court_n day_n to_o pass_v without_o admittance_n of_o his_o wife_n and_o then_o the_o wife_n die_v the_o husband_n shall_v not_o be_v tenant_n by_o the_o courtesy_n but_o in_o the_o 12._o eliz._n dyer_n 291._o 292._o it_o seem_v that_o the_o contrary_n shall_v be_v the_o better_a opinion_n a_o entry_n before_o admittance_n be_v no_o forfeiture_n there_o without_o a_o especial_a custom_n plead_v but_o the_o heir_n may_v make_v a_o forfeiture_n for_o non_fw-fr payment_n of_o the_o rent_n as_o the_o custom_n be_v there_o plead_v before_o admittance_n if_o a_o copyhold_n be_v surrender_v unto_o the_o use_n of_o a_o stranger_n upon_o condition_n and_o the_o condition_n be_v break_v the_o party_n that_o make_v the_o surrender_n may_v reenter_v and_o be_v a_o coppyholder_n to_o all_o intent_n without_o any_o new_a admission_n for_o he_o do_v depart_v with_o the_o land_n but_o upon_o a_o condition_n also_o if_o a_o surrender_n of_o a_o copyhold_n be_v make_v to_o the_o use_n of_o a_o stranger_n for_o life_n and_o the_o lord_n make_v a_o grant_n thereof_o to_o the_o same_o stranger_n in_o fee_n this_o shall_v not_o bind_v the_o heir_n of_o the_o tenant_n but_o that_o he_o may_v enter_v after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o grantee_n for_o he_o take_v the_o land_n by_o the_o surrender_n and_o not_o by_o the_o grant_v make_v by_o the_o lord_n for_o the_o lord_n be_v but_o a_o instrument_n for_o the_o conveyance_n of_o the_o land_n for_o if_o i_o make_v a_o surrender_n unto_o the_o lord_n ea_fw-la intention_n that_o he_o shall_v grant_v over_o unto_o such_o a_o man_n if_o the_o lord_n will_v not_o grant_v the_o same_o i_o may_v then_o reenter_v but_o the_o stranger_n have_v no_o mean_n to_o enforce_v the_o lord_n to_o grant_v the_o same_o over_o unto_o he_o but_o he_o may_v maintain_v trespass_n against_o the_o the_o lord_n if_o he_o do_v suffer_v i_o to_o reenter_v and_o this_o be_v the_o opinion_n at_o this_o day_n the_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n have_v that_o prerogative_n in_o his_o copyholders_n that_o no_o stranger_n can_v be_v his_o tenant_n thereof_o without_o his_o special_a assent_n and_o admission_n and_o for_o that_o cause_n a_o coppyholder_n shall_v not_o be_v liable_a to_o any_o execution_n of_o statute_n or_o recognizance_n neither_o shall_v be_v cassets_n in_o debt_n or_o formidon_n neither_o be_v contain_v in_o any_o the_o statute_n afore_o name_v for_o if_o it_o be_v than_o shall_v the_o lord_n be_v force_v to_o have_v a_o coppyholder_n whether_o he_o will_v or_o no_o which_o be_v against_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o coppyhold_n and_o therefore_o a_o stranger_n can_v never_o enter_v though_o a_o surrender_v make_v to_o his_o use_n be_v accept_v except_o he_o be_v admit_v tenant_n but_o otherwise_o of_o the_o heir_n for_o he_o may_v eater_n and_o take_v the_o profit_n before_o the_o admittance_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n admittance_n may_v be_v three_o manner_n of_o way_n a_o express_a admission_n by_o the_o word_n enter_v into_o the_o court_n role_n viz._n unde_fw-la admissus_fw-la est_fw-la tenens_fw-la or_o by_o acceptance_n or_o implication_n as_o if_o the_o lordwill_n accept_v the_o rent_n by_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o stranger_n three_o by_o admit_v one_o copyholder_n in_o some_o case_n the_o lord_n shall_v admit_v another_o by_o implication_n to_o some_o purpose_n and_o to_o these_o three_o may_v be_v add_v a_o four_o which_o be_v by_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o son_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n and_o the_o tenant_n in_o dower_n after_o the_o death_n of_o her_o husband_n which_o be_v lawful_a without_o admission_n till_o the_o next_o court_n and_o then_o they_o must_v pray_v to_o be_v admit_v etc._n etc._n if_o a_o coppyholder_n do_v surrender_v his_o land_n to_o the_o use_n of_o i._o s._n and_o the_o lord_n do_v grant_v the_o same_o to_o i._n s._n according_o and_o thereupon_o he_o enter_v yet_o he_o be_v no_o good_a coppyholder_n till_o he_o be_v admit_v but_o if_o i._n s._n appear_v at_o the_o lord_n court_n and_o pass_v on_o the_o lord_n homage_n or_o the_o lord_n accept_v his_o rent_n or_o his_o fine_a
common_a of_o estover_n in_o another_o manor_n notwithstanding_o that_o the_o other_o tenant_n have_v not_o such_o a_o custom_n and_o it_o be_v good_a by_o the_o advice_n of_o all_o the_o justice_n where_o the_o tenant_n may_v cut_v down_o tree_n destroy_v house_n by_o custom_n and_o such_o like_a custom_n etc._n etc._n four_o ed_n 6._o justice_n dalisons_n report_v sanders_n and_o divers_a justice_n tenant_n by_o copy_n of_o court_n role_n may_v prescribe_v to_o have_v wood_n grow_v upon_o the_o land_n montague_n there_o be_v such_o a_o custom_n and_o so_o use_v in_o the_o county_n of_o mid._n northland_n and_o other_o place_n browne_n it_o have_v be_v here_o agree_v of_o late_a that_o tenant_n by_o the_o custom_n may_v prescribe_v to_o suffer_v their_o house_n to_o fall_v and_o to_o destroy_v their_o house_n so_o also_o here_o whereby_o this_o be_v a_o good_a custom_n montague_n i_o have_v hear_v a_o fable_n that_o a_o tenant_n by_o the_o custom_n may_v dig_v in_o the_o one_o part_n of_o his_o house_n and_o burn_v the_o other_o part_n by_o the_o custom_n but_o if_o you_o will_v agree_v that_o the_o tenant_n by_o custom_n shall_v have_v the_o land_n against_o the_o lord_n will_v to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n by_o the_o custom_n why_o then_o may_v they_o not_o by_o the_o custom_n cut_v down_o wood_n sander_n i_o agree_v to_o none_o of_o your_o case_n montague_n sure_o in_o the_o chancery_n it_o will_v be_v overrule_v against_o you_o without_o doubt_n and_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v make_v upon_o it_o where_o and_o how_o tenant_n by_o copy_n may_v make_v a_o jointure_n to_o his_o wife_n of_o the_o same_o land_n a_o stranger_n bring_v a_o writ_n of_o right_n against_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n in_o the_o same_o court_n where_o the_o land_n be_v by_o plea_n and_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n do_v appear_v and_o the_o demandant_n do_v count_n against_o they_o and_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n do_v defend_v and_o say_v that_o they_o have_v more_o right_a than_o the_o demander_n and_o offer_v to_o try_v it_o by_o battle_n and_o the_o demander_n and_o tenant_n do_v imparle_v at_o which_o day_n the_o demander_n appear_v and_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n make_v default_n whereby_o final_a judgement_n be_v give_v against_o they_o and_o at_o the_o same_o court_n the_o recoverer_n surrenders_n the_o same_o land_n into_o the_o lord_n hand_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n and_o the_o heiros_fw-la of_o their_o two_o bobodye_n beget_v and_o it_o be_v say_v that_o this_o assurance_n have_v be_v use_v 1._o ed._n 6._o dalisons_n report_v pell_n et_fw-fr hikden_n trin._n 36._o eliz._n rot_v 547._o on_o the_o king_n bench_n tenant_n in_o tail_n the_o 21._o remainder_n in_o fee_n tenant_n in_o tail_n surrenders_n to_o the_o use_n of_o i._o s._n in_o fee_n i._o s._n suffer_v a_o recovery_n and_o vouch_v the_o tenant_n in_o tail_n who_o vouch_v the_o common_a vouchee_n and_o by_o special_a verdict_n it_o be_v find_v that_o there_o be_v never_o any_o recovery_n before_o in_o that_o manner_n and_o it_o be_v not_o yet_o adjudge_v gawâ—y_o and_o clinch_n that_o the_o recovery_n can_v not_o be_v a_o bar_n for_o warranty_n can_v not_o be_v annex_v to_o a_o estate_n at_o will_n also_o he_o shall_v not_o recover_v in_o value_n because_o of_o the_o estate_n at_o will_n fenner_n and_o popham_n chief_a justice_n to_o the_o contrary_a and_o that_o warranty_n may_v be_v annex_v to_o copyhold_n land_n though_o it_o be_v a_o estate_n at_o will_n of_o the_o lord_n but_o as_o it_o be_v a_o estate_n in_o fee_n perform_v the_o service_n and_o duty_n the_o law_n will_v account_v they_o tenant_n in_o fee_n also_o recovery_n in_o value_n be_v but_o a_o fiction_n in_o law_n le_fw-fr common_a vouchee_n shall_v be_v account_v to_o have_v the_o land_n in_o value_n of_o the_o copyhold_n within_o the_o manor_n and_o the_o vouchee_n 23._o hen._n 8._o br._n recovery_n in_o value_n 27._o that_o such_o a_o recovery_n be_v use_v in_o ancient_a demean_n upon_o a_o writ_n of_o right_a and_o vourcher_n over_o and_o that_o of_o a_o freehold_n there_o yet_o inquire_v of_o such_o a_o recovery_n upon_o a_o plaint_n there_o of_o land_n of_o base_a tenure_n for_o that_o can_v be_v warrant_v etc._n etc._n but_o in_o the_o common_a bench_n in_o trespass_n entail_n bring_v by_o comb_n against_o pear_n and_o turner_n mich._n 36._o et_fw-la 37._o eliz._n rot._n 14._o bromeley_n britain_n hall_n in_o essex_n tenant_n in_o tail_n of_o a_o copyhold_n suffer_v a_o recovery_n with_o vourcher_n where_o no_o recovery_n be_v before_o the_o lesser_a enter_v by_o the_o court_n that_o can_v be_v but_o he_o shall_v have_v a_o formdone_v in_o discend_a for_o the_o recovery_n in_o court_n baron_n can_v avail_v because_o a_o warranty_n can_v be_v annex_v to_o a_o estate_n which_o be_v at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o lord_n also_o there_o can_v be_v no_o recovery_n in_o value_n first_o because_o there_o can_v be_v no_o recovery_n in_o value_n of_o land_n out_o of_o the_o manor_n and_o the_o coppy-land_n be_v at_o the_o lord_n will_v second_o copyhold_n land_n be_v grant_v by_o copy_n only_o and_o if_o by_o the_o recovery_n the_o tenant_n may_v have_v it_o the_o course_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o seignory_n will_v be_v destroy_v which_o shall_v not_o be_v three_o the_o lord_n shall_v loose_v his_o fine_a and_o fealty_n also_o for_o the_o copy_n be_v admissus_fw-la est_fw-la tenens_fw-la etc._n etc._n et_fw-fr dat._n duo_o the_o fine_a pro_fw-la tali_fw-la ingressu_fw-la etc._n etc._n et_fw-la fecit_fw-la fidelitatem_fw-la four_o et_fw-la five_o ph._n et_fw-fr mar._n a_o coppyholder_n surrenders_n to_o the_o use_n of_o his_o wife_n for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o the_o right_a heir_n of_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n the_o wife_n die_v the_o husband_n survive_v the_o question_n be_v who_o shall_v hold_v the_o land_n and_o it_o be_v say_v that_o if_o the_o husband_n have_v no_o issue_n by_o that_o wife_n than_o his_o heir_n shall_v have_v it_o certain_a copyhold_a case_n report_v in_o a_o cer_n take_v book_n but_o it_o be_v say_v there_o that_o if_o the_o wife_n have_v issue_n by_o another_o hâ—sband_n it_o be_v there_o doubt_v but_o it_o be_v hold_v by_o the_o better_a opinion_n in_o dier_n that_o the_o husband_n and_o his_o heir_n shall_v have_v the_o land_n yet_o if_o the_o husband_n have_v first_o two_o son_n the_o heir_n of_o the_o husband_n and_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o wife_n shall_v have_v the_o land_n in_o common_a after_o the_o decease_n of_o the_o wife_n and_o for_o proof_n thereof_o he_o put_v this_o case_n if_o land_n be_v give_v for_o life_n the_o remaynder_n to_o two_o man_n and_o their_o heir_n they_o can_v have_v one_o heir_n in_o the_o case_n if_o the_o tenant_n for_o life_n die_v before_o they_o in_o remainder_n they_o shall_v be_v jâ—â—â—etennants_n and_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o survivor_n shall_v have_v all_o but_o if_o none_o in_o remainder_n be_v in_o life_n when_o the_o tenant_n for_o life_n die_v than_o the_o heir_n of_o they_o in_o the_o remainder_n shall_v hold_v in_o common_a thirty_o seven_o henry_n the_o eight_o a_o coppyholder_n to_o the_o intent_n to_o make_v a_o assurance_n to_o his_o wife_n suffer_v another_o to_o bring_v a_o writ_n of_o right_n in_o the_o copy_n court_n and_o they_o join_v the_o battle_n and_o at_o the_o day_n the_o husband_n and_o wife_n make_v default_n and_o final_a judgement_n be_v give_v and_o after_o the_o recoverer_n surrenders_n the_o same_o land_n into_o the_o lord_n hand_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n and_o their_o heir_n and_o a_o good_a assurance_n pur_fw-it cur._n a_o coppyholder_n make_v a_o lease_n at_o will_n to_o another_o who_o commit_v waste_a good_a which_o be_v a_o cause_n of_o forfeiture_n the_o lessor_n bring_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n against_o the_o lessee_n by_o walsh_n weston_n and_o dier_n the_o lord_n may_v enter_v and_o have_v trespass_n against_o the_o lessor_n his_o tenant_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v reason_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v recompense_v but_o the_o lord_n shall_v have_v a_o special_a writ_n of_o travers_n and_o not_o vi_o and_o armis_fw-la because_o the_o entry_n be_v lawful_a 8._o et_fw-la 9_o eliz._n ibid._n the_o lord_n dacres_n enter_v upon_o his_o coppyholder_n and_o lease_v it_o to_o a_o stranger_n for_o year_n the_o lessee_n enter_v and_o be_v eject_v by_o the_o coppyholder_n and_o he_o bring_v a_o writ_n of_o electione_n firm_a the_o coppyholder_n plead_v that_o the_o land_n be_v demiseable_a per_fw-la custom_n and_o so_o they_o be_v at_o issue_n and_o he_o show_v in_o evidence_n a_o copy_n make_v 13._o henry_n the_o eight_o by_o which_o a_o tenant_n have_v surrender_v the_o land_n
certain_a beginning_n and_o of_o certain_a end_n and_o be_v not_o direct_v by_o man_n memory_n wherein_o be_v mean_v limitation_n of_o time_n and_o not_o limitation_n of_o estate_n if_o land_n have_v be_v demise_v by_o copy_n by_o the_o space_n of_o 60._o year_n and_o yet_o there_o be_v some_o alive_a that_o remember_v the_o same_o occupy_v by_o indenture_n this_o be_v not_o a_o good_a copyhold_n and_o if_o land_n have_v be_v demise_v by_o copy_n but_o 40_o year_n and_o there_o be_v none_o alive_a that_o can_v remember_v the_o same_o to_o be_v otherwise_o demise_v this_o be_v a_o good_a copyhold_n for_o the_o number_n of_o year_n make_v not_o the_o matter_n but_o the_o memory_n of_o man_n and_o it_o be_v not_o 60._o 80._o or_o 100_o year_n that_o make_v a_o coppyhold_n or_o a_o custom_n though_o it_o make_v a_o limitation_n but_o such_o certain_a number_n of_o year_n make_v only_o a_o likelihood_n or_o presumption_n of_o a_o prescription_n that_o be_v that_o it_o common_o happen_v not_o that_o any_o man_n memory_n alive_a can_v remember_v alone_o such_o a_o number_n of_o year_n but_o if_o any_o chance_n to_o be_v alive_a that_o remember_v the_o contrary_a than_o such_o prescription_n must_v give_v place_n to_o such_o proof_n custom_n have_v certain_a special_a virtue_n in_o itself_o which_o for_o the_o more_o estimation_n thereof_o i_o will_v short_o show_v according_a to_o certain_a precept_n and_o principal_n allow_v by_o all_o law_n both_o by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n the_o law_n of_o of_o nature_n and_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o by_o the_o private_a law_n of_o every_o country_n as_o by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n it_o be_v say_v si_fw-la quis_fw-la videtur_fw-la contentiosus_fw-la esse_fw-la nos_fw-la eiusmode_fw-fr consuetudinem_fw-la non_fw-la habemus_fw-la nec_fw-la ecclesia_fw-la dei_fw-la which_o prove_v that_o the_o scripture_n and_o the_o church_n of_o god_n do_v attribute_n some_o what_o to_o good_a custom_n though_o not_o to_o evil_a and_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n consuetudo_fw-la est_fw-la altera_fw-la natura_fw-la and_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n consuetudo_fw-la est_fw-la optima_fw-la legum_fw-la interpres_fw-la and_o by_o the_o law_n of_o this_o realm_n prince_n at_o their_o coronation_n be_v swear_v as_o well_o to_o keep_v the_o custom_n of_o this_o land_n as_o the_o law_n of_o this_o land_n which_o law_n do_v attribute_v so_o much_o to_o custom_n that_o sometime_o it_o be_v admit_v to_o derogate_v from_o the_o custom_n law_n for_o consuetudo_fw-la bona_fw-la de_fw-la clausausitata_fw-la et_fw-la approbata_fw-la private_a communem_fw-la legem_fw-la whereof_o custom_n do_v consist_v custom_n although_o it_o do_v chief_o consist_v of_o continuance_n of_o time_n and_o usage_n yet_o it_o do_v further_o require_v seven_o other_o necessary_a property_n accident_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o a_o good_a custom_n which_o be_v these_o first_o it_o must_v be_v reasonable_a as_o it_o appear_v 1_o 2._o ed._n 4._o 24._o second_o it_o must_v be_v certain_a as_o appear_v 2_o 3._o ed._n 3._o 13._o ed._n 3._o 4._o dum_fw-la fuit_fw-la infra_fw-la aetatem_fw-la 3._o 14._o ed._n 3._o 4._o 14._o h._n 4._o three_o it_o must_v be_v according_a to_o common_a 3_o right_n 42._o ed._n 3._o 4._o fourthly_o it_o must_v be_v on_o good_a consideration_n 4_o 5._o hen._n 7._o 9_o 42._o ed._n 3._o fiftly_o it_o must_v be_v compulsary_a 42._o ed._n 3._o 5._o avow_v 66._o sixth_o it_o must_v be_v without_o prejudice_n to_o the_o king_n 3._o hen._n 6._o custom_n fi_n hen._n 2._o 22._o ed._n 3._o prescription_n 40._o seventhly_o it_o must_v be_v to_o his_o profit_n that_o claim_v the_o same_o 31._o ed._n 3._o prescription_n 40._o et_fw-la 28._o usage_n be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n both_o of_o custom_n and_o prescription_n for_o without_o usage_n there_o can_v be_v neither_o custom_n or_o prescription_n for_o even_o as_o the_o mind_n be_v to_o man_n so_o be_v usage_n to_o custom_n and_o as_o you_o see_v there_o be_v divers_a variety_n of_o mind_n in_o man_n so_o be_v there_o many_o variety_n of_o custom_n as_o you_o see_v variety_n of_o country_n and_o yet_o all_o man_n perfect_a and_o all_o custom_n perfect_a some_o say_v that_o have_v their_o mind_n affect_v according_a to_o the_o constitution_n of_o their_o body_n and_o so_o have_v country_n their_o custom_n according_a to_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o place_n as_o in_o kent_n and_o in_o north_n wales_n because_o those_o country_n have_v be_v most_o subject_a to_o foreign_a invasion_n that_o every_o man_n there_o may_v be_v of_o power_n for_o resistance_n the_o inheritance_n for_o the_o most_o part_n descend_v in_o gavell_n kind_a viz._n to_o every_o brother_n alike_o and_o in_o other_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o realm_n for_o who_o government_n lest_o equalty_n be_v best_a the_o inheritance_n whole_o descend_v to_o the_o elder_a brother_n and_o in_o borough_n english_a which_o be_v in_o divers_a borough_n because_o their_o substance_n common_o be_v land_n and_o in_o such_o town_n land_n may_v be_v the_o better_o preserve_v then_o good_n therefore_o their_o young_a son_n shall_v only_o have_v their_o land_n and_o as_o it_o be_v in_o those_o great_a part_n of_o the_o realm_n so_o it_o be_v in_o divers_a private_a part_n and_o manor_n and_o divers_a private_a and_o special_a custom_n as_o some_o manor_n have_v copyhold_n of_o inheritance_n some_o for_o life_n or_o life_n in_o some_o manor_n the_o copy-holders_n surender_n in_o one_o manner_n and_o in_o some_o in_o a_o other_o sort_n in_o some_o the_o fine_a be_v arbitrable_a and_o in_o some_o certain_a et_fw-la sic_fw-la in_o similibus_fw-la the_o usage_n of_o every_o custom_n do_v not_o rest_n to_o be_v yearly_a daily_a or_o continual_o use_v but_o as_o the_o equality_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n whereof_o the_o custom_n be_v do_v require_v as_o custom_n harryot_n when_o they_o fall_v of_o shact_n and_o foldage_n in_o their_o season_n of_o common_a estover_n in_o their_o time_n and_o for_o copyholders_n who_o fine_n be_v certain_a yet_o at_o one_o time_n to_o pay_v a_o great_a fine_n then_o at_o a_o other_o and_o all_o these_o be_v good_a custom_n though_o they_o can_v be_v use_v at_o all_o time_n for_o custom_n may_v be_v sometime_o use_v sometime_o not_o use_v sometime_o alter_v and_o sometime_o not_o and_o therefore_o in_o custom_n you_o may_v see_v there_o be_v user_n non_fw-fr user_fw-fr abuser_n and_o interuser_n user_n be_v when_o according_a to_o time_n and_o occasion_n a_o custom_n be_v use_v non_fw-fr user_fw-fr be_v when_o for_o want_v of_o time_n and_o occasionor_n through_o negligence_n or_o forgetfulness_n a_o custom_n be_v not_o use_v abuser_n be_v that_o which_o user_n do_v nourish_v a_o custom_n and_o non_fw-la abuser_n tolerate_v a_o custom_n so_o do_v abuser_n destroy_v a_o custom_n and_o yet_o in_o some_o case_n a_o custom_n may_v be_v sometime_o use_v in_o one_o sort_n and_o sometime_o in_o a_o other_o and_o yet_o a_o good_a custom_n if_o there_o be_v good_a consideration_n of_o the_o exchange_v thereof_o all_o time_n and_o this_o i_o call_v enteruser_n if_o there_o be_v a_o copyhold_n of_o a_o ancient_a demean_n and_o this_o land_n be_v forfeit_v to_o the_o lord_n by_o waste_n and_o thereupon_o a_o seizure_n award_v thereof_o and_o yet_o the_o lord_n do_v suffer_v the_o tenant_n still_o to_o occupy_v it_o by_o the_o space_n of_o 20._o year_n without_o receive_v any_o rent_n for_o the_o same_o and_o after_o grant_v the_o say_a land_n to_o the_o tenant_n by_o copy_n this_o grant_n be_v good_a and_o a_o good_a user_n of_o the_o copy_n hold_v but_o if_o after_o the_o say_a seizure_n award_v a_o estranger_fw-fr have_v enter_v and_o disseise_v he_o of_o his_o land_n and_o make_v a_o feoffment_n in_o fee_n thereof_o and_o after_o the_o lord_n re-entreth_a and_o grant_v the_o same_o again_o by_o copy_n unto_o the_o first_o tenant_n this_o grant_n be_v not_o good_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o user_n of_o this_o land_n if_o the_o lord_n have_v use_v at_o the_o admission_n of_o his_o copyhold_n tenant_n sometime_o to_o take_v for_o a_o fine_a twopence_n or_o sometime_o fourepence_n for_o a_o acre_n sometime_o twelve_o penny_n a_o acre_n this_o user_n be_v so_o uncertain_a that_o it_o make_v the_o fine_a arbitrable_a at_o the_o lord_n will_n if_o the_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n have_v use_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n to_o admit_v his_o copyhold_n tenant_n without_o fine_a this_o usage_n shall_v bind_v the_o lord_n as_o well_o as_o a_o fine_a certain_a if_o the_o lord_n have_v use_v to_o have_v certain_a work-daye_n of_o his_o tenant_n and_o that_o have_v not_o be_v use_v by_o the_o space_n of_o twenty_o year_n last_o pass_v yet_o that_o non-use_a be_v no_o discharge_n to_o the_o tenant_n so_o that_o there_o be_v any_o in_o life_n that_o can_v remember_v the_o