to the Precept he had recovered Seisin by the Jugment of the Guardians When John King of Scotland disseised him again of the same Lands and Tenements and that he might not further prosecute his Right imprison'd him and caused an unjust Judgment to be given against him in Contempt of the King of England and Superior Lord of Scotland and to his own great Damage The King of Scots 5 Ibm. f. 158. The King of Scots appears appeared before the King and his Council in his Parliament after Michaelmas and denied all Contempt of the Lord his King and said he had not Day to Answer the said Magdulph who Replied He had that very Day appointed him to Answer by the King 's 6 Ibm. fol. 154 155. the Writ it self The Particulars of the Pleadings on both sides Writ delivered to him by the Sheriff of Northumberland at Strivelin on the morrow after St. Peter in Bonds that is the 2d of August which sufficiently appeared by the Return of the Sheriff and the King of Scots being asked whether he had the Writ delivered to him by the Sheriff confessed it and was then urged to answer 7 Ibm. f 158. when He said he was King of Scotland and that he dare not Answer to Magdulph ' s Complaint or any thing that concerned his Kingdom without the Advice of his Subjects sine Consilio * These Probi homines could not be the Common or Ordinary People proborum hominum Regni sui and Magdulph demanded Judgment against him as saying nothing 8 Ibm. f. 159. Then he was told by the King he was his Liege-Man and did unto him Homage and Fealty for the Kingdom of Scotland and was ordered to come thither to answer or say why he would not or ought not to answer before him and he said as before The K. of Scots dare not Answer without advice of his People That he Could not nor Dare answer to any thing that concerned his Kingdom without consulting his People inconsultis probis hominibus Regni sui Vpon this he was told he might require another Day he answered He would require none It was then agreed That the Principal Plea belonged to the King and that he made no Defence against Magdulph 9 Ibm. and because he would not require Day or shew Cause why he ought not to Answer in Elusion of the King's Jurisdiction and Superiority it was Judged a Contempt and Disobedience to him and that Three of his Principal Castles of Scotland should be Seized into his Hands and so remain till he had given Satisfaction for his Contempt and Disobedience But before the Pronounciation of the Sentence he came before the King and his Council and made Supplication to the King with his own Mouth ore suo proprio and Delivered it unto him with his own hand in Writing in 1 Ibm. f. 159 160. He Petitions K. Edward for leave to advise with them and for longer time French to this purpose Sire jeo suy vostre home du Royalme de Escoce c. Sir I am your Man of the Realm of Scotland and pray you for what I am come hither for which concerns the People of my Kingdom as well as my self That you would forbear me while I speak with them that I may not be surprized for want of Advice for that those that are with me will not nor ought to advise me without others of the Realm and when I have advice from them I will answer at your first Parlement after Easter and will behave my self towards you as I ought to do The King advising hereupon at the Instance of the Great Men of his Council and with the Consent of Magdulph granted his Prayer and gave King Edward grants his Request him Day until his Parlement after Easter on the Morrow of the Holy Trinity This is what is to be found in Ryley's Parliament Pleas about this Case and now we return to the Record again Which 2 Rot. de Superioritate Regis Angliae c. ut supra The K. at War with France and Wales Parlement at St. Edmunds-Bury A. D. 1295. 23 Ed. 1. tells us That on that Day the Parlement ceased or was not holden Parliamentum cessavit sive non tenebatur for that the King was Engaged in War lately raised against him in divers Countreys as with the King of France in Gascony and with the Welsh in Wales Yet the suit between the King of Scots and Magdulph which had begun before the Justices of the King's-Bench in Parlement was Continued and Prorogued Loquela c. Continuata fuit Prorogata To the Parlement next to be holden which was afterwards Summoned to be at St. Edmunds-Bury on the Feast of St. Martin in Winter that is November 11. which was in the 23d Year of King Edward and in the Year from the * The Publick Notary that Drew up this Record always begins the Year at Christmas Nativity of the Lord 1295. The King of England 3 Ibm. Magdulph prosecutes his Plea in that Parlement The King of Scots appears not but sends his Excuse was at St. Edmunds-Bury that day and there held his Parlement where Magdulph strenuously prosecuted his Plea But the King of Scots instead of appearing in Person sent the Abbot of Abirbrothok with other Noblemen of that Kingdom to King Edward with Letters to Excuse him that neither then or before he appeared in his Court in the Parliaments by passed at the Day given or appointed him Quod nec tunc nec prius juxta quod Diem habuerat ad Curiam suam in praeteritis Parliamentis accesserat Excusavit pretending certain Causes of Excuse that he could not come in his own Person This Abbot 4 Ibm. The Abbot and others that came to Excuse the K of Scots Demand Satisfaction for Injuries done them The Answer to their Demands and those that came with him brought not only an Excuse but a Quarrel and Demanded of King Edward Satisfaction for many and great Injuries Oppressions and Grievances sustained by the Scots from his Subjects To whom after deliberation this Answer was given That the King of England for certain Causes was coming toward the North parts and that the King of Scots should then have sufficient Recompence to his own Content for all Injuries could be proved done to the Scots by his Subjects of England and then appointed him a Day in the same Parlement by the Continuation and Prorogation of the Justices representing his Person against Magdulph the First Day of March next following The King of Scots summoned to appear at a Parlement at Newcastle at Newcastle upon Tyne Then expecting his being there enjoyn the Abbot and those with him to give Notice to their King he should then Personally appear to Treat with the King of England about the Premisses and other Things touching the State and Tranquility of both Kingdoms and their Inhabitants While the King was
Rot. 73 penes Remem Regis in scacar to Require and Induce them to pay a certain Sum charged upon or demanded of them toward the War which at this time was a sixth part of their Goods which was required first and granted in London as an Example to other Places The Commissions for all Counties in England bear Date the 21st of Novemb. 23d of Ed. I. The King wanting more Money to carry on the War against France in his 7 Claus 23. Ed. 1. M. 3. Dors. Dated Sept. 30. Summons to Parlement Writ of Summons directed to Robert Winchelsey Arch-Bishop of Canterbury to a Parlement to be holden on the Sunday next after St. Martin or the 10th of November told him That he could not but sufficiently understand since it was known all the World over That the King of France had fraudulently surprised Gascony and not content therewith had provided a Navy and Army to invade England and destroy the The King of France provides a Fleet and Army to Invade England Nation and Language if his Power were answerable to his Detestable Purpose To prevent these Dangers and Designed Mischiefs this Parlement was called but it sat not on that day the King being busied at Winchelsea in Equipping his Fleet for the Defence of the Kingdom and so could not be there and for this cause as 't is said in the 8 Ib. M. 2. Dors de parliamente prorogando Writ it self it was Prorogued before meeting unto the Sunday next before St. Andrew which was in the 24th of his Reign the 23d ending November 16th In a short time the Clergy gave the King a Tenth of all their Moveable Goods toward Maintaining the War The Earls Barons and Knights and others of the Kingdom Comites Barones Milites omnes alii de Regno in subsidium Guerrae nostrae gave an Eleventh part of their Moveable Goods Nobis 9 Pat. 24 Ed. I. M. 22. De undecima septima levand Colligend undecimam fecerunt c. And the Citizens Burgesses and good Men of his Demeasn Cities and Burghs granted him a Seventh part c. Et Cives Burgenses alii probi homines de Dominicis nostris Civitatibus Burgis septimam nobis concesserint c. The Writ for Levying and Collecting this Seventh and Eleventh is dated Decemb. 4. very few days after their meeting in the 24th of his Reign The King of Scots by the Instigation of his People taking advantage The Scots take advantage by this War with France of this Rupture between England and France obstructed the Vigorous Prosecution of the War against the French and thinking to Disingage himself and them from the Power of King Edward behaved himself and suffered as hath been related before in its due place The 1 Walsingh f. 62 63 c. And also the Welsh Welsh these two or three last Years having as they thought opportunities by King Edward's being Diverted by his Wars with France and Scotland attempted several times under divers Leaders to Free themselves from Subjection to the English were at length reduced to perfect Obedience * Fol. 325. A. D. 1295. Mezery the French Historian says both these Nations put themselves in Arms against King Edward by the Instigation and Procurement of the King of France Immediately 2 Walsingh f. 68. N. 30 40. after the King and whole Kingdom of Scotland upon their Defections were reduced to obedience and had the second Time done Homage and sworn Fealty to King Edward as we have heard before he issued his Writs for a Parlement to be holden at St. Edmunds-Bury on the Morrow of All-Souls or Parlement at St. Edmonds-Bury A. D. 1296. Third of November Dated the 26th of August in the 24th of his Reign at Berwick upon Tweed 3 Append. N. 16. In that directed to the Archbishop he tells him That he the other Prelates and Clergy late assembled at Westminster when they Granted the Tenth of their Rents and Benefices for the Defence of the Kingdom until the Feast of St. Michael then next coming which Grant was accepted by him in hopes of a more plentiful Aid for the future from him and others which they promised should be sufficient for the same Cause unless in the mean time there was a Peace or Truce made between him and the King of France Therefore he enjoined him to be with his Prior Archdeacon and Procurators of the Clergy at Bury at the time appointed to order the Quantity and Manner of the Subsidy The Writs to the other Bishops the Abbots c. were like to this Those to the Noblemen and Sheriffs were only to Treat about the Dangers impending upon the whole Kingdom and Remedies to prevent them In this Parlement the Citizens and Burgesses gave an Eighth Part of their Goods the rest of the Laity granted a Twelfth Part the Clergy Nothing by reason of a Constitution made that Year and Published by Pope Boniface 4 Walsingh Ut supra N. 40 50. The Clergy deny the King a Subsidy He Summons another Parlement A quo Parliamento a Civitatibus Burgis concessa est Regi octava a populo vero reliquo i. e. a Comitibus Baronibus Militibus Duodecima pars bonorum Clerus ob constitutionem Bonifacii Papae hoc Anno editam c. Regi pro Guerra sua subsidium petenti Denegavit The King in hopes of a better Answer deferred this Business to be treated on in another Parliament to be holden at London on the morrow of St. Hilary January the 14th In the mean time * Mat. West fol. 428. N. 30. The K. shut-up the Barns and Granaries of the Clergy the King caused to be shut up and secured all the Barns Granaries and Store-houses of the Clergy and the Archbishop sent the Pope's Bull to be published in all Cathedrals forbidding under the Pain of Excommunication any thing to be paid to Secular Princes out of Ecclesiastick Revenues The Bull or Constitution runs thus Boniface c. For the Perpetual 5 Append. N. 17. Pope Boniface his Bull. Prohibiting the Clergy to pay Taxes to Secular Princes Memory of the Matter c. 't is often delivered from Antiquity that Lay-men are spiteful to Clergy-men and the Experience of the present Times manifestly declares it while not content with their own Bounds they strive after what is forbidden and let themselves loose to do Evil not wisely attending that for them to have any power over Clercs or Ecclesiastick Persons and their Goods is prohibited yet they impose grievous Burthens upon Prelates and Ecclesiastics Regular and Secular they Tax them and Exact and Extort from them a half Part a Tenth a Twentieth or some other part of their Revenues and Goods endeavouring many ways to bring them into Servitude and under their Power And with Grief we relate some Prelates and Ecclesiastics fearing where no fear is seeking transitory Peace fearing more to offend Temporal
of Scotland to his Obedience and took in most of the English Garrisons some by Force others upon Terms some one Year some another Having taken Edinburgh he sent his Brother Edward to besiege Sterling Castle in which was Philip Mowbray a Stout and Provident Governor who taking notice of the Success of the Scots had exceedingly Fortify'd and Victualed it Edward Brus after some time lying before it despaired of taking it by Force and both sides agreed on these Conditions 6 Ibm. n 80. That if the English did not Relieve the Castle within a Year from the Day of the Treaty it should be Delivered to the Scots and that the Garrison should have safe Conduct to go whither they would with all their Goods The next Spring the Scots came into the Marches or Borders A. D. 1314. 7. Ed. II. and made great Ravages and Slaughters there and to suppress their Insolencies secure the Borders from their Cruelties and drive them back the King summoned the Militia to 7 Claus 7 Ed. II. M. 8. Dors The Earls of Lancaster meet him at Newcastle upon Tine 3 Weeks after Easter and march from thence against his Enemies and all that ought him Service came But the 8 Trokelow f. 198. a. col 2. Wals f. 104. n. 50. Warwick and Arondel refuse Earls of Lancaster Warwick Warren and Arondel who refused their Service because the King had not effectually observed or put the Ordinances in due execution without them The King 9 Ib. f. 105. lin 1. c. to serve the King against the Scots The Battel of Bannocks-bourn marched with a numerous and glorious Army to the Relief of Sterlin-Castle where he received a mighty Overthrow on the Eve and Day of St. John Baptist or 24th of June In this Battel which is called the Battel of Strivelin or Bannocks-Bourn because Fought near Sterlin and by the Brook or River Bannock was slain Gilbert Earl of Clare and several other Noble-men many Knights and Banerets and a great number of ordinary Men and many of all sorts taken Prisoners the King hardly escaping The Particulars of this Fatal Fight may be seen in most of our Historians 1 Froys vol. 1. c. 6. f. 2. a. col 2. There was great murmuring after this Defeat the Barons whereof the Earl of Lancaster was Chief put it upon Hugh Spenser the Younger that by his Advice the Field was lost and that he was favourable to the King of Scots In the Parlement holden at Westminster eight days after St. Hilary or 20th of January in the 8th of his Reign per Petitionem 2 Rot. Parl n. 35 36. A. D. 1314. Archiepiscoporum Episcoporum Comitum Baronum aliorum de Communitate Regni coram nobis consilio nostro exhibitam c. by a Petition of the Arch-Bishops Bishops Earls Barons and others of the Community of the Kingdom exhibited to the King and his Council That Oxen Cows Muttons Hogs Geese Hens Capons Chickens Pigeons and Eggs were intolerably dear it was enacted and proclaimed in every County That the best Ox not fed with Grain should be sold for 16 s. and no more and if he were fed with Corn then for 24 s. at most The best live fat Cow for 12 s. a fat Hog of two Years old for 3 s. 4 d. a fat Wether or Mutton unshorn for 20 d. and shorn for 14 d. a fat Goose for 2 d. ob a good and fat Capon for 2 d. a fat Hen for 1 d. two Chickens for 1 d. four Pigeons for 1 d. and twenty four Eggs for 1 d. And those that would not sell these Things at these Rates should forfeit them to the King This Parlement 3 Append. n. 60. The People in Stafford Shropshire refuse to pay a 20th part Granted by Parlement gave the King a 20th Part of their Goods or Moveables which in Stafford and Shropshire some dissatisfied People refused to pay and hindred the Collectors appointed by the King from gathering of it 4 Ibm. The Pretences of their Denial pretending it was granted upon certain Conditions to wit That he should cause the Great Charter of the Liberties of England the Charter of the Forest the Ordinances made by the Prelates Earls and Barons and the Perambulation of the Forests to be observed which had not then been duly put in execution At which the King was much surprized and displeased seeing he had commanded them to be observed and had assigned Commissioners in all Counties to make the Perambulations 5 Ibm. Therefore that he might be throughly satisfied about the Nature of the Action and have the Names of the Actors he appointed one of his Clerks with the Collectors Commissioners appointed to enquire about their Pretences to make enquiry by themselves and if it were needful by the Oaths of lawful Men of those Parts of all Particulars concerning the same and certifie him distinctly of them In the 9th of his Reign in the Parlement at Lincoln 6 Rot. Parl. n. 1. A. D. 1315. The cause of Summons to Parlement deferred to be declared because the Earl of Lancaster and other Great Men not come holden 15 Days after St. Hilary the King deferred the declaring the Business of the Parlement because Thomas Earl of Lancaster and other Great Men were not then come according to whose Advice he intended to proceed yet on 7 Ibm. The Chancellor and Justices of both Benches enjoined â—obâ—ing in their Briefs of such Causes â—s could not be determined ouâ— of Parlement The Scots disobedient to K. Ed. II. Wednesday next after the Quinden of Hilary the Chancellor Treasurer and Justices of both Benches were enjoined to bring in Briefs of such Matters depending before them in their several Places which out of Parlement could not be determined that here in this Session they might do in such Cases what ought to be done On the 12th of February being Thursday the Earl of Lancaster and other Great Men being present the cause of Calling the Parlement was declared being for their Advice and Assistance against the King's Enemies the Scots who had possessed themselves of the greatest part of that Nation and disowned their Obedience 8 Ibm. beseeching and enjoining the Prelates Noblemen and other his Liege Subjects being there to advise and assist him Supplicans injungens Prelatis Proceribus caeteris Fidelibus Subditis suis ibidem existentibus ut sibi in praemissis consulerent facerent sibi auxilium oportunum After this it was agreed 9 Ibm. That the Prelates and Noblemen Prelati Proceres should meet on the morrow being Friday to treat of Parlement Business they met that Day and discoursed of many things and it was agreed and commanded by the King Concordatum fuit per Regem preceptum they should meet the next day to treat of the same Matter 1 Ibm. The Prices of Victuals revoked when they agreed the Proclamation
Recovery of his own and the Rights of his Crown he summoned a Parlement to meet at Westminster on the Wednesday after the Feast of the Translation of St. Thomas the Martyr that is Thomas Becket which Feast was July the 7th to be holden before his Son Edward Duke of Cornwall and Earl of Chester whom he had made Guardian of England And he not only publickly declared his intention in the Writs of Summons but 9 Rob. Aves p. 89. a. c. 29. A. D. 1340. The Arch-Bishop of Canterbury appointed the precise day to be on the 13th of June to pass from Orwell in Suffolk into Flanders with about 40 Ships that lay ready there to Treat with his Confederates about the War Upon this Resolution the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury then his Chancellor informed 1 Ibm. Then Chancellor acquaints the King with the Danger in his Passage to France He would not believe him He Quits his Council and sends him the Seal him That Philip of Valois his Adversary of France foreseeing his Passage had privately sent a great Fleet of Men of War to encounter him in the Haven of Sluce and advised him to provide more Ships and reinforce his Fleet otherwise he and his Affairs might be lost in the Passage The King not believing him said he would go whatever came of it The Arch-Bishop quitted his Council and taking Leave departed and sent the Seal of his Office to him yet the King thinking better on the Matter called to him Robert de Morle his Admiral and one Crabbe a famous Mariner who upon his enquiry gave him the same Information and Advice the Arch-Bishop had given whereupon he presently sent for him and delivered to him 2 Ib. p. 89. b. the Seal and also having sent to the Northern and Southern Parts and to London within ten days he had a sufficient Fleet and more Armed Men and Archers then he could expect or had use for With this Fleet he sailed towards Flanders and on Midsummer 3 Ibm. Day the English and French Fleets engaged when the English obtained a mighty Victory killing Thirty thousand French and taking and destroying Two hundred Ships The Parliament met at the time appointed and the cause of Summons was declared to be 4 Rot. Parl. 14 E. III. pars 2. n. 2 3. The cause of calling the Parlement to Treat and Ordain concerning the things might happen to the King for keeping the Peace in England upon the Marches of Scotland and upon the Sea and to Advise and Determine how and in what manner he might be best served by the Subsidy granted by common Assent the last Parliament and to remove the Difficulties and Hindrances in Collecting it 5 Ib. n. 4 5. On the next day being Thursday it was shewn to the Great Men and Commons as Grantz Comunes That since the Summons to this Parliament God by his Grace Dieu par sa grace had given the King Victory over his Enemies to the great Assurance Repose and Quiet of all his Liege Subjects and how that to perform his Design upon his Enemies he was forced to be aided or loose his Allies il lui covendroit a force estre eidez ou perdre son alliez and the Knights Citizens and Burgesses were charged by the Duke and the Council to advise how and in what manner the King might best and to the most Profit of him and the least grievance of his People be served by the Aid which had been granted him and to give their Answer on Saturday next following donez lour respons samedy prochein suant on which day a queu samedy after great Treaty and Debate had between the Great Men and the Knights and other Commons entre les Grantz les ditz Chivalers autres des Comunes it was agreed by all the Great Men and Commons That there should be Men assigned to sell the Ninths granted to the King last Parliament and directed the quickest and best way of selling them To this Parliament 6 Ib. n. 6 7. The King wrote to that Parlement That the Ayd given last Parlement was great were sent by the King the Earls of Arundell and Gloucester and Sir William Trussell with Letters of Credence dated at Bruges July the 9th in the 14th year of his Reign in England and first of France directed to the Dukes Arch-Bishops Bishops Earls Barons and others assembled in Parliament signifying to them That tho the Subsidy granted in the last Parliament was great yet because it could not in due time be converted into Money it did not answer his purpose as it ought He likewise remembred them of the Victory he obtained in the Water of Zwynes on Midsummer-day 7 Ib. n. 8. Yet because it could not be collected in due time it answered not his purpose And farther acquaints them That with the Assent of his Allies the Great Men of England who were with him and the Country of Flanders he had divided his Army and intended to go and lie down before Tournay with one part of it being an Hundred thousand Flemings Armed besides as must be supposed his English Forces and Robert Earl of Artois with Fifty thousand besides all his Allies and their Power were marching towards St. Omers that for the governing and marching of this Army he had need of a very great Sum of Money over and above what was sufficient to discharge his Debts which were necessarily to be paid before his march requesting them and every one of them dearly vous prions cheremont a chescun de vous to consider the great Danger might happen if he was not supplied with Money and Goods suddenly to give Satisfaction to the Country and his Allies and Soldiers which he had retained in case they should withdraw themselves or desert if not paid and also if his Allies should go over to the Enemy and join him if not paid At the Close of his Letter he tells them 8 Ib. n. 9. That the Persons above-named came over to declare his Condition and Business willing them to give full Faith and Credit to what they should say This Letter having been read and the Messengers 9 Ib. 9 10. Upon the King's Letter heard for the Reasons given in and by both all were of Opinion That the King in his great necessity could not be aided so speedily as he ought by the Ninth wherefore the Great Men sought all the ways they could par quoi les Grantz sercherent totes les voies quils poaint that the King might be speedily aided and thought it the best that he should have at present a certain number of Sacks of Wooll which was propounded to the Knights of Shires for their assents how they might be hastily provided and Merchants spoken to to take them at an indifferent and equal Rate sur 20000 Sacks of Wooll granted for a present Supply ce parlez as Chevaliers des Counties d'avoir louz assent coment
to examine the A. Bp.'s Answer to the King in the same Parlement the Bishops of Durham and Salisbury the Earls of Northampton Warwick Arundel and Salisbury were appointed to hear the Answer of the Arch-Bishop to the things charged upon him by the King de choses que lui sont surmys par le Roi so as if his Answer was allowed then the King of his good Grace should hold him excused adonques le Roi de la bon grace lui tenera pur excusez And in case his Answer seemed not sufficient to the King and his Council then it was to be debated in the next Parlement and there Judgment given concerning it and in the mean time all things 6 Ibm. n. 49. touching the Arraignment of him totes les choses touchants la reinement Lercevesque de Cantirbery remained with Sir William Kildesby Keeper of the Privy Seal The next Parliament was in the 17th of Edw. III. when the King 7 Rot. Parl. 17 E. III. n. 22. The things against the Arch-Bishop to be vacated in Parlement as neither reasonable or true Note what year this was commanded that the things touching the Arraignment les choses touchants larraynement Lersevesque de Cantirbirs of the Arch-Bishop which remained in the hands of Sir William de Kildesby to be advised upon this Parliament pur aver ent avisement de ce Parlement soient adnulles ouster de tut should be annulled and totally outed or laid aside as such as were neither reasonable or true come celles que ne sont pas raisonables ne veritables and Master John de Vrford was commanded to bring them into Parliament to be vacated there The Parliament in the 15th of Edward the Third which began on Monday next after the Quinden of Easter being that year April 23. because the Prelates Earls Barons and other Great Men were not fully come pur ce que les Prelats Countes Barons antres Grantz ne sont pas pleinement venus was continued 1 Rot. Parl. 15 E. III. n. 4. from day to day until Thursday when the cause of Summons was 2 Ib. n. 5. The cause of Summons to Parlement declared declared with the common Preface That Philip de Valois who called himself King of France had wrongfully seised his Lands Seigniouries and other Possessions in the Dutchy of Guien and other-where and also as much as he could supported his Enemies the Scots against him That it had been agreed by the Prelates Earls Barons and the Commonalty of the Land in full Parliament that he should pass beyond Sea to purchase Friends Allies and Retainers to help him to conquer his Rights que nostre Seignieur le Roi se purchaseroit amys alliez retenantz qui lui purroient aider a conquer ces droictures c. to which purpose there had been granted many Aids that had been diverted and spent by some of his Officers and others to his great damage and hindrance of all his Business That he intended not to ask any new Subsidy but charged and requested very earnestly the Great Men and others of the Commons that they would Treat together and advise among themselves that is to say the Great Men by their selves and the Knights of Counties Citizens and Burgesses by themselves si ad il chargez priez en chargeance manere les ditz Grantz autres de la Comune qils se treisent ensemble savisent entre eux cest assavoir les Grantz de par eux les Chivalers des Countees Citeyns Burgeys de pas eux how he might best be served and receive the Arrear of the Ninth for the first year and how he might most speedily receive them for the second year before the Feast of St. John Baptist next coming for the Atchievement of his great Business with the aid of God and to give their Answer on Saturday next following But the Consideration of this Matter was put off until the King's Answers 3 Ib. n. 42. to the Petitions of the Great Men the Commons and Clergie were made into Statutes which were shewn to the King with certain Conditions demanded by the Great Men and Commons upon the grant of 30000 Sacks of Wooll made to him in compensation of the Ninth of the second year od ascuns conditions que les Grantz la Comune demanderent du Roi sur le grant quil ferroient a lui de 30000 * Then with the Custom about the value of 180000 l. Statutes made with Conditions sakes de leyn in recompensacion de la neofisme garb aignel toison del an second The Statutes and Conditions were read before the King and the great Officers and Justices required to Swear to the Observation of them as it might in their places belong to them The Chancellor Treasurer and some of the Justices made Protestation they neither The Chancellor Treasurer and some Justices would not consent to them consented to the making or form of them nor that they could observe them in case they were contrary to the Laws and Usages of the Kingdom which by Oath they were bound to keep yet these Statutes and Conditions were sealed with the Great Seal and delivered to the Great Men and Knights of Counties as Grantz as Chivalers du Countees Some of the King's Answers to the Articles or Petitions of the Clergy brought in by the Arch-Bishop and other Bishops are remarkable As to the second That the Liberties of the 4 Ib n 20. The King 's Answer to some of the Conditions Church and all Liberties granted to any other Estate or Persons may be observed and that the Great Charter may be proclaimed again and confirmed by Oath The King's Answer was He would the Observation of the Great Charter and other Liberties which being exemplified 5 Ib. n. 28. under the Great Seal he thought was sufficient and that there was no need of Swearing to it considering that in the Kingdom there were already too many Perjured par trop y ad parjurs en son roialme To the fifth That 6 Ib. n. 23. several of the King's Officers and others have enter'd into Religiouses Houses and Parsonages and by force taken away their Goods and further by Oaths forced upon Religious Persons and Parsons have enquired of things within their Houses and them so found have carried away his Answer was 7 Ib. n. 30 31. That he would not that any Man should enter into the Churches fee against their Liberties nor would that any of his Officers should enter into the Churches Lands or Houses to take their Goods but if Laymen to defraud him brought their Goods thither he thought himself wronged To the seventh 8 Ib. n. 25. That the Kings Officers levied of Parsons Rectors of Churches the Ninth Sheaf the Ninth Lamb and the Ninth Fleece when they ought only to have paid their Tenths the Answer was 9 Ib. n. 32. He would not the Ninths
him many Noblemen and Manning it well with Men at Arms Archers and Seamen about the latter end of this month engaged them before Winchelsey 3 Ib. p. 121. a. c. 77. They make a Truce and took Twenty four large and rich Ships after which Sea Battel the Spaniards made a Truce for Twenty years The Truce 4 Rot. Fran. 23 Edw. III. M. 9 10. The French Truce prorogued above-mentioned that had been made between Calais and Guines on the 13th of October 1348 to continue unto the first of September 1349 was the 2d of May preceding Prorogued so the Word in the Record to the Feast of Pentecost in the year 1356. In August that year Philip of Valois as above died and his Son John succeeded 5 Ib. 24 E. III. M. 2. on the 25th of November next following Commissioners were appointed to Treat with his Commissioners to confirm the last Truce made with his Father to the first of August then next to come which was to be in the year 1351 and 25th of Edward III. Upon a new Treaty this same Truce 6 Ib. M. 8. Dors The same Truce continued Hostilities committed notwithstanding the Truces was proclaimed to continue a whole year longer until the first of August next after that first of August which was to be in the year 1352 and 26th of Edward III. Notwithstanding these Truces were in being there was often something enterprised by each Party against the other 7 Avesbury p. 121. a. c. 78. A. D. 1351. A. D. 1351. 25 Ed. III. The French besieged the Town of St. John de Angely in Xantogne in the year 1351 and made themselves Masters of it 8 Ib. b. c. 80. The English surprised the Castle of Guines the Governor having been corrupted with Money which King Edward pleasantly excused as 9 F. 372. Mezeray hath it saying Truces were Merchandise and that he did no more than follow the Example of King Philip who would have bought Calais This year the King issued his Writs 1 Rot. Clause 25 Ed. III. M. 5. Dors on the 15th of November for summoning a Parlement to meet on the Feast of St. Hillary or 13th of January which was on Friday 2 Rot. Parl. 25 Ed. III. Part 2. n 1. Summons to Parlement from that day it was continued to Monday because many of the Lords were not come and then until Tuesday the Fifth day of the Parlement when Sir William de Shareshall in the presence of the King Lords and Commons 3 Ib. n. 7. The cause of meeting declared declared the cause of Summons setting forth the King's Title to the Crown of France telling them That Philip of Valois had usurped it all his Life and not only so but moved War against him in Gascoign and other Places seising upon his Rights and Possessions and doing the Mischiefs to him by Sea and Land which they well understood in subversion of him and his Realm of England and that in Parlements before that time the Matter had been propounded in behalf of the King and the Great Men as also the Commons had been requested to give their Counsel and Advice fut prie de sibien as Grantz come as Comunes qils ent vorroient doner lour conseil advis what was best to be done and after good Deliberation had they said They knew no other way to advise him than to procure Allies to go against his Adversary by main Force and to do this they promised to aid him with Body and Goods a ceo fair ils lui promistrent de lui aider de corps de avoir Whereupon the King made Alliances beyond Sea and with their Assistance and the help of his good People of England he made War upon him because he could not have a reasonable Peace That the King and his Adversary had often assented to Truces yet his Adversary during those Truces imagining to subdue and deceive the King broke them every way continuing his Malice against him and his Friends That now John his Son after his decease continuing the same wrongs his Father had maintained possessed the Kingdom of France and contrary to the last Truce confirmed and sworn to by both which he had broken in Gascoign and Bretagne and also upon the Sea and had sent to Scotland to continue the ancient Alliance made between them wholly in Subversion and Destruction of the King and his People of England Wherefore the King first of all much thanks his Commons for the Aids they have made him and for the Good-will he had always found in them pur quoi tut ad e primes nostre Seigneur le Roi mercie molt a ces Comunes des Eydes qils lui ont faitz de lour bone volunte qils ad totes voyes trouve en eux c. and prays them les prie they would advise upon these things until Wednesday tant a cest meskerdy preschien suant which was next day and be at Westminster by Sun-rising taust apres le solail lever in the Painted Chamber to deliberate and to hear if the King would say any thing further touching the cause of his Parlement and to shew the King their Grievances if they had any that Remedy might be given them this Parlement Afterwards 4 Ib. n. 8. A Committee of Lords and Commons to meet to confer upon the Business of this Parlement The King sent the Lords or Great Men to them Sir William charged the Commons on behalf of the King le dit Sire William chargea les Comunes de par le Roi to shorten their stay in Town and for the quick dispatch of these Matters and others that might be shewn them from the King that before their departure they would go together in some place at Westminster to choose 24 or 30 Persons out of their whole number to be on the morrow in the Painted-Chamber that the King might send to them some Great Men aucunes des Grantz to confer with them upon the Business aforesaid On Friday 5 Ibm. all the Commons came before the Prince and the other Great Men les autres Grantz in the White Chamber The cause of Summons further declared and inforced where Sir Bartholomew Burghersh gave them an Account of the Malice and falshood of the King's Adversary of France ou fut dit par Monsieur Barthen de Burghersh la Malice la Fausine de son adversair de France how he had broke the last Truce and that lately upon the Sea in Gascoign Bretagne and near Calais and indeavoured by all the Subtilties and Contrivances his Council knew to trouble the King and his Subjects every where and said the Commons ought diligently to advise what seemed and what might be best to do for the King to oppose and check the Malice and falshood aforesaid for the safety of himself his Kingdom and all his Subjects And presently after this Declaration the said Sir William told
permit him and to Bertrand himself to come into France and to enter into his Service who made all the haste he could and came and joined the Duke of Anjou at Tholouse About the same time the 8 Ib. c. 279. The Duke of Lancaster arrived at Burdeaux with more Forces from England Duke of Lancaster arrived at Burdeaux with more Forces from England who marched forthwith to the Princes Rendezvous at Cognac where he met with the Earls of Cambridge and Pembroke who all joining with the Forces of Xantong and Poictou which the Prince had Summoned in made a great Body of Men. In the mean time 9 Ib. c. 280. Limoges delivered to the French the Duke of Berry lay before Limoges who being reinforced with Forces sent under the Conduct of Bertrand de Guesclin caused the City to Treat and was soon delivered by the Bishop and Citizens into the hands of the French to whose King they gave their Faith and Homage While these things happened in Aquitan the Command of the 1 Ib. c. 280. Mezer. f. 390. The English harass and burn the Countries about Paris Army about Picardy was given to Sir Robert Knolls which terrified the Country as far as the Loir it harassed Vermandois Champaign la Brie and the Isle of France burnt all round Paris yet nothing could move the King of France to send out of Paris any Force against them The Prince much inraged with 2 Froysard c. 283. The Prince inraged with Limoges takes it by Storm puts to the Sword 3000 Men Women and Children Burns and destroys the Town Limoges for rendring as it did was resolved to execute his Revenge upon it set his Miners to work to undermine the Wall which they did in the space of a month so as a great part of it fell into the Ditches when the Town was taken by Storm and more than Three thousand Men Women and Children of the Inhabitants put to the Sword the Town burnt and destroyed by the Prince's Command The Bishop likewise should have had his Head strucken off had not the Duke of Lancaster begged him of the Prince and the Pope by sweet Words and kind Intreaty prevailed with the Duke to send him to Avignon 3 Ib. c. 280. The weak Condition of the Prince 4 Ib. c. 287. His return to England The Prince at this time was carried in a Horse Litter being so weak he could not ride This was the last Warlike Athievement of the Prince being 4 advised by his Physicians and Chirurgeons to return into England for his Health's sake He took their Advice and with his Princess his young Son Richard the Earls of Cambridge and Pembroke came for England leaving the 5 Ibm. A. D. 1370. Affairs of Aquitan to the Management of his Brother John Duke of Lancaster By this time 6 Du Chesne f. 707. B. Bertrand de Guesclin had Baffled the Army of Sir Robert Knolls that had Braved all France and recovered from the English many Towns and Fortresses for which Services he was Bertrand de Guesclin made Constable of France made Constable of France on the Second of October In the latter end of the 44th year of Edward the Third on the 8th of January he 7 Rot. Claus 44 Ed. III. M. 1. Dors issued Summons for a Parlement to meet on Monday in the first week of Lent being the Feast of St. Matthias or 24th of February in the 45th of his Reign on A Parlement summoned which day the King Prelates Great Men and Commons Grantz Coes assembled in the Painted Chamber 8 Rot. Parl. 45 Ed. III. n. 1. The Cause of Summons and the Bishop of Winchester then Chancellor declared the cause of Summons to be That by their assent last Parliament the King did retake upon him the Name of King of France because his Adversary had broke the Peace and used the Resort which by that belonged to him for which cause and others he had been at great Expences and sent some Great Men and others to a great number to recover and conquer his Right par son droit avoir conquere and that the King had received News from his Friends and Allies That his Adversary had made himself stronger then he had done before que son adversair se fait plus fort quil nad fait devant and directed so great a number of People to be brought together as seemed to him were able this year to put him out of possession of all his Lands and Countreys beyond Sea as well in Gascoign as at Calais Guines Pontheu and other Places and further That he had such a Fleet ready as seemed sufficient to destroy the whole English Navy a destruire toute la Navy Dengleterre and also That he prepared to send over a great Army into this Land to destroy conquer and subject it to his Power Wherefore the King required and charged the Great Men and Commons par quoi le Roi requert charge les Grantz Coes That they would Advise about these Points and Counsel him how the Kingdom might be safely guarded the Navy preserved from the Malice of his Enemies how his Lands beyond Sea should be kept the War there maintained and the Conquest of them carried on Upon these 9 Ib. n. 8. Causes thus propounded and many ways of Ayd Touched Treated of and Debated between the Great Men and Commons plusours voies de eide touchez tretez parlez debatuz per entre les Grantz Comunes in consideration of the great Costs and Charges the King was to be at for the Causes abovesaid the same Great Men and Commons mesmes les Grantz A Subsidy of 50000 l. granted to be levied ratably upon every Parish Comunes on the 28th day of March granted a Subsidy of 50000 l. to be levied of every Parish of the Land 22 s. 3 d. so as every Parish of greater value should contribute ratably to those of less value But at the Great Council holden at 1 Ib. n. 6. A great Council at Winchester The number of Parishes could not answer 50000 l. as it was to be levied upon them and therefore they were Taxed higher Winchester Eight days after Trinity Sunday the Chancellor shew the Great Men and Commons there assembled fust monstre par le Chancellor as Grantz Comunes illoeques assemblez That the number of Parishes in England would not answer the Sum of 50000 l. as might appear by the Certificates of all the Arch-Bishops Bishops and Sheriffs made and returned into Chancery by the King's Warrant 2 Ib. n. 10 â—1 Note That the Transactions of this Council and the precedent Parlement are entered in the same Roll and the numbers continued as if it were one and the same Assembly Which Certificates being Examined sur se plusors tretes parlances eues and many Treaties and Conferences had upon the Matter at last in full accomplishment of the Sum of
not land Having kept the Sea about five weeks and the time limited for Relief or Surrender of the Town being past he returned to England in the beginning of October 2 Ib. c. 306. Poictou Xantogne and Rochelois lost This unhappy Voyage with the Disaster of the Earl of Pembroke lost all Poictou Xantogne and Rochelois On the very day 3 Pat. 46 Ed. III. Part. 2. M. 25. Richard Son to the Prince of Wales made Guardian and Lieutenant of England in his absence he put to Sea he made his Grandchild Richard Son to the Prince of Wales then scarce Seven years old Guardian and his Lieutenant of the Kingdom during his absence appointing him a Council fit for the Management of the Publick Affairs Two days after on the first of September 4 Clause 46 Ed. III. M. 11. Dors Summons of Parlement he issued Writs of Summons for a Parlement to meet 15 days after Michaelmass but before that time King Edward was come into England and by his 5 Ib. M. 10. Dors Which Prorogued by Writ Writs dated at Winchelsea on the 6th of October he prorogued this Parlement to the morrow of All-Souls or 3d of November Sir John Knivet 6 Rot. Parl. 46 Ed. III. 11. 1 2 3. Further Declaration of Summons declared in part the Causes of Summons the Parlement being adjourned until Friday after that Monsieur Hugh Bryan in the White Chamber acquainted 7 Ib. n. 7. The Revenues of Guien not sufficient to support the Government of it c. the Prelates Duke Earls Barons and Banerets les Prelates Dâ—â— Countes Barones and Banerets That the Prince who had the Principality of Guyen by the Grant of the King had often signified to him when there by Letters and Messengers That the Revenues and Profits arising from the Principality did not nor could suffice to maintain him and support the Government and Wars against their French Enemies and other necessary Charges without great assistance from the King and that the Prince having made these things appear to the King and Council when first he came into England had surrendred 8 Ib. n. 8. The Prince resigns it into the King's Hands into the King's Hands the Principality and all he could claim there by virtue of his Grant in the presence of the King's Council and some other Great Men. On the next day being 9 Ib. n. 9. Yet a further Declaration of Summons Saturday Sir Hugh Bryan before the Prince Prelates Dukes Earls Barons and Commons in the White Chamber more especially declared the Causes of Summons That the King by Advice of the Great Men des Grantz had ordered many Great Men plusours des Grantz with sufficient Power some into Gascoigne others to Calais to oppose the Malice of his Enemies and make War upon them by all the ways they could That afterwards for sudden News that came to the King he made ready with all his Power to put to Sea or go to Sea ove tout son poair daler sur la Meer against his Enemies to do what he could against them but by reason of the Wind being contrary and other Causes reasonable par contrariousete de vent autres causes reasonables he came back into England and caused to be summoned and prorogued this Parlement that the Great Men who were with him upon the Sea might be there that by the good Advice and Counsel of them and others and The French make themselves stronger by Sea and Land then ever they had done before also of the Commons anxi une la Coe he might do the best he could for the safety of the Nation and to resist and oppose the Malice of his Enemies who had made themselves much stronger by Land and Sea then ever they were before qui plus safforcent de guerer si bien par terre come par Meer que unques fesoient a devant And then 1 Ibm. beseecheth the Prelates Prince Dukes Earls Barons and Commons on behalf of the King supplia as ditz Prelates Prince Ducs Countes Barons as Coes de par le Roi that they would advise upon this Matter and give such Counsel donner tiel conseil and Ayd to the King as seemed to them best profitable for the Nation and to restrain the Malice of his Enemies Queux 2 Ib. n. 10. These Commons were the Knights of Shires Prelates Prince Ducs Counts Barons Coes eu sur les pointes de lour charge as dependantz dycelles plein deliberation c. which Prelates Prince Dukes Earls Barons and Commons having had full Deliberation upon the Points of their Charge and the Dependences thereon and also considering the great and outrageous Charges and Expence the King was to be at for the Defence of the Nation and Maintaining the War against his Enemies granted him the Subsidy of Wooll Leather and Wooll-fells A Subsidy upon Wooll c. for Two years to begin at Michaelmass last past of every Sack of Wooll which passed out of England 43 s. 4 d. of every Twelvescore Woollfells as much of every Last of Leather 4 l. of Denizens besides the old Custom and of Strangers or Forreigners four Marks of every Sack of Wooll as much of every Twelvescore Woollfells and Five Pounds six shillings eight pence of every Last of Leather And whereas 4 Ibm. A Fifteenth granted the Subsidy and Custom so granted could not be sufficient for the great Expence and Charge the King was to be at for the Causes abovesaid as it was openly shewed unto them the same Prelates Prince Dukes Earls Barons and Commons having regard thereto 5 Ib. n. 11. granted One Fifteenth for one year to be levied as the last was On the 23d of 6 Ib. n. 12. November the King Prelates Duke Earls Barons and Commons assembled in the White Chamber when the Chancellor declared to the King how kind the Lords and Commons had been to him in granting him the Subsidy and Fifteenth who much Thanked them for their great Ayd and and then the 7 Ib. n. 13. Petitions of the Commons were read and answered when the Knights of Shires had leave to depart 8 Ib. n. 14. and sue out Writs for their Wages or Expences pour lour depenses but the Citizens and Burgesses were commanded to stay 9 Ib. n. 15. The Grant of the Citizens and Burgesses who the same day assembled before the Prince Prelates and Great Men and for the safe coveying of their Ships and Goods granted 2 s. upon every Tun of Wine coming in or passing out of the Kingdom and 6 d. in the Pound of all Goods for a year The next Year the King 1 Rot. Fran. 47 Ed. III. M. 18. A. D. 1373. John Duke of Lancaster the King's Lieutenant in France and Aquitan made his Son John King of Castile and Leon and Duke of Lancaster his Lieutenant as well in the Kingdom of France as
broke down the Scholars Chambers and took and carried away Goods and Chattels to a great value a grant value Also That they compelled the Masters and Scholars under Pain of Death and Destruction of their Habitations to renounce all manner of Franchises and Privileges granted to them by any King whatsoever and submit to the Government of the Town for ever Also By threatning Death they caused the Masters and Scholars to enter into Bonds to pay them great Sums of Money and forced them to give a General Acquittance and Release of all Actions Real and Personal Also That by threatning Death they compelled the Masters and Scholars to deliver to them their Charters and Privileges which they burnt in the Market-Place contrary to the King's Proclamation and Prohibition The King issued his * Ib. n. 46 47. Writs To John Masterman the present Mayor who was then one of the * Ib. n. 48. Burgesses for the Town in this Parlement and Bayliffs and to Edward Lystere the late Mayor and Bayliffs when the Riot and Tumult was to appear in Parlement to acquit themselves if they could before him and his Council reciting in his Writs most what they had done in prejudice of the Chancellor Masters and Scholars of the Vniversity They appeared and were ordered to deliver up the Renunciation Bond and Release above-mentioned under the Vniversity Seals which were cancelled in Parlement and are entred upon the Roll. The Bill against them being then read in their presence in Parlement they were asked what they had to say why their Franchises and Privileges should not be taken into the King's Hands as forfeit at that time they were not charged with any Crime but as they were told were only to answer concerning their Franchise which they did by * Ib. n. 57. Counsel and denied the Matter of Fact and further said if any such things were done they were done by the Traitors and Malefactors of the Counties of Essex Hertfordshire and Kent which came to their Town in great numbers but it appearing they were always present at these Wicked Practices and that the Renunciation Bond and Releases of the Vniversity were in their keeping and that upon the King's Precept they would not deliver them it was thought evidence enough that they were guilty of the whole when they submitted themselves wholly to the King's Grace to do what he pleased with their Franchise some part whereof by advice and assent of the Some of their Franchises granted to the University Prelates and Lords the King gave to the Vniversity and the Residue he re-granted to the Town On the 13th of December because 4 Ib. n. 64. The Parlement adjourned Christmass was near and the time of the Queen's coming into England was also near and for that her Marriage and Coronution were to be solemnized le Parlement soit ajourne par nostre seigneur le Roy de lassent des Prelates c. the King adjourned the Parlement by the assent of the Prelates Lords and Commons unto the Friday next before the Conversion of St. Paul and did Will and Command That the All things by the King's Command to remain as they were until it met again Pleas Causes and other Matters moved in that Parlement and were undetermined and all other things with their dependences should remain as they were in the same condition until the Friday abovesaid At the meeting again 5 Ib. n. 66. The Duke of Lancaster's Proposals of going into Spain c. of the Parlement there was a great Dispute about a Voyage Monsieur Despainge the Duke of Lancaster offered to make into Portugal if the Kingdom would provide him 60000 l. to pay the Wages of 2000 Men at Arms and 2000 Archers for half a year The Pretences or Reasons for this Voyage were for the saving of such English as were then there that he might recover his Right he had there for the safe-guard of the Sea and the Realm of England si Dieux plest and if God pleased for the greater destruction of its Enemies Offering also to repay this Sum in Three years either in Money or acceptable Service Upon this Offer and Voyage the Lords had a long Debate some approved He obtained not what he desired his Reasons others not so as he obtained not what he desired Yet the 6 Ib. n. 67. Lords and Commons on the 25th of February considering the Necessities of the King and the multitude of his The King's Enemies many by Sea and Land Enemies by Sea and Land with the great Expences he must be at for the defence of the Kingdom and resistance of such Enemies granted on their Free-will to the King the Subsidy of Wooll Woollfells and Leather as he received it upon the last The Subsidy of Wooll c. granted for Four years Grant from that day until the Feast of St. John Baptist next coming and from thence for Four years Whether such Defence or Resistance should be by the Voyage of Monsieur de Lancaster into Spain or any other manner whatever with this express Protestation of the Commons That it was not their intention to be obliged by any Words to Quarrel Conquer or have War with The Commons protest against Quarrelling c. with Spain Spain particularly any way whatsoever but only for the Defence of the Kingdom and Resistance of its Enemies by the advice of the Lords as it should seem best to them to ordain par lavis des seigneurs del dit Roialme come meultz lour semblera a ordeiner Between the summons and meeting of the next Parlement * Walsingham f. 290. n. 20 30 c. The Great Seal taken from Richard le Scrop the Great Seal was taken from Richard le Scrop who had received it by approbation of Parlement because he would not pass some large Gifts of Estates which had escheated to the Crown to some Ambitious Knights and Esquires inferior Servants to the King and given to Robert Braybroke * Cl. 6 Ric. II. M. 24. Dors Which disquieted the Great Men. Bishop of London on the Vigil of St. Matthew the Apostle or 20th of September by which action the King much disquieted the Great Men and Community of the Kingdom In the Sixth of the King a 7 Rot. Parl. 6 Ric. II. n. 1 2. A Parlement The Cause of Summons the Defence of the Land and to provide Means to make it Parlement was summoned to meet on Monday Eight days after Michaelmas and was adjourned until Wednesday by the King's Command when the King and Lords met in the Painted Chamber before whom the Names of the Knights Citizens and Burgesses were called over The Bishop of London then Lord Chancellor amongst others declared the cause of Summons to be for the Defence of the Land against its Enemies and to provide Means to make it The Bishop of Hereford by the King's Order made a 8 N. 9 10. A further Declaration of
he was very Angry especially because they desired him to be under Good Government but by Divine Providence and the Resistance and Power of the said Lords the King could not bring his Design to effect Thirdly When the Lords 3 3 Ibm. n. 20. Temporal in Defence of themselves resisted his Malice and Craft the said King prefixed a Day for the Parlement to do them and others Justice who upon Faith and Confidence therein remained quietly in their own Houses the King privately with his Letters or Commission sent the Duke of Ireland into Cheshire to raise Arms against the said Lords Great Men and Officers of the Commonwealth Publickly exciting his Banners against the Peace he had Sworn to from whence Homicides Captivities Dissentions and other infinite Evils followed in the whole Kingdom for which cause he incurred Perjury Fourthly That although the said 4 4 Ibm. n. 21. King had Pardoned the Duke of Glocester the Earls of Arundel and Warwic and all their Assistants in full Parlement and for many Years had shewn chearful Signs of Peace and Love towards them yet the same King always bearing Gall in his Heart taking Opportunity caused to be seized the Duke of Glocester and the said Earls of Arundel and Warwic and sent the Duke to Calais to be imprisoned under the Keeping of the Earl of Nottingham one of his Appellants and without Answer or lawful Process caused him to be strangled and inhumanly and cruelly murdered The Earl of Arundel Pleading his Charter of Pardon and Demanding Justice in Parlement was encompassed with great Numbers of Armed Men and had his Head Damnably struck off and committed the Earl of Warwic and Lord Cobham to Perpetual Prison confiscating their Lands against Justice the Laws of the Land and his express Oath giving them to their Appellants Fifthly At the time 5 5 Ibm. n. 22. when in his Parlement he caused the Duke of Glocester and Earls of Arundel and Warwic to be adjudged that he might more freely exercise his Cruelty upon them and in others fulfil his injurious Will he drew to him a great multitude of Malefactors out of the County of Chester who marching up and down the Kingdom with the King as well within his own House as without cruelly killed his Lieges beat and wounded others plundering the Goods of the People refusing to pay for their Victuals violating and ravishing Men's Wives and other Women And although Complaints were made to the King of these Excesses yet he took no care to apply Remedy or do Justice in them but favoured those People in their Wickedness confiding in them and their Assistance against all others of his Kingdom wherefore his Good Subjects had great matter of Commotion and Indignation Sixthly Though the said 6 6 Ib. n. 23. King caused Proclamation to be made through the Kingdom That he caused his Unkle the Duke of Glocester and the Earls of Arundel and Warwic to be Arrested not for any Rebellious Congregations or marching with Horse within the Kingdom but for many Extorsions Oppressions and other things done against his Regality and Royal Majesty And that it was not his Intention that any of their Company at the time of the Congregation and Marchching with Horse aforesaid should for that Reason be Questioned or Disturbed Yet the same King afterwards in his Parlement Impeached the said Lords not for Extorsions Oppressions or other things aforesaid but for Rebellious Tumults and Congregations and Marching with Horse adjudged them to Death and caused many of their Company for fear of Death to make Fine and Ransom as Traitors to the great Destruction of many of his People and so he craftily deceitfully and maliciously Deceived the Lords their Followers and People of the Nation Seventhly After many of these 7 7 Ibm. n. 24. Persons who had paid their Fines and Ransoms and had obtained his Letters Patents of full Pardon yet they received no Benefit by them until they made new Fines for their Lives by which they were much impoverished And this was much in Derogation to the Name and State of a King Eightly In the last 8 8 Ibm. n. 25. Parlement holden at Shrewsbury the same King propounding to Oppress his People subtilly procured and caused to be granted That the Power of Parlement by Consent of all the States of the Kingdom should remain in some certain Persons who after the Parlement should be Dissolved might Answer the Petitions depending in Parlement then undetermined under pretence whereof they proceeded to other General Matters touching that Parlement ac-according to the King's Will in Derogation to the State of Parlement great Disadvantage to the Kingdom and a pernicious Example And that these Actions might seem to have some Colour and Authority the King caused the Rolls of Parlement to be changed and blotteed contrary to the Effect of the Grant aforesaid Ninthly Notwithstanding the said King at his 9 9 Ibm. n. 26. Coronation sware That he would do in all his Judgments equal and Right Justice and Discretion in Mercy and Truth according to his Power yet the said King without all Mercy rigorously amongst other things Ordained under great Punishments That no Man should intercede with him for any Favour toward Henry Duke of Lancaster then in Banishment in so doing he acted against the Bond of Charity and rashly violated his Oath Tenthly That though the 1 1 Ibm. n. 27. Crown of England the Rights of the Crown and Kingdom it self have been in all times so Free as the Pope or any other Foreign Power had nothing to do in them yet the said King for the confirming of his erroneous Statutes supplicated the Pope to confirm the Statutes made in his last Parlement whereupon he obtained his Apostolic Letters or Bull wherein were contained grievous Censures against all such as should presume to contravene them All which things are known to be against the Crown and Royal Dignity and against the Statutes and Liberty of the Kingdom Eleventhly Though Henry now Duke of Lancaster 2 2 Ibm. n. 28. by the King's Command exhibited his Bill or Accusation against the Duke of Norfolk concerning the State and Honour of the King and duly prosecuted it so as he was ready to make it good by Duel and the King had ordered it yet the same King put it by and without any lawful Cause Banished the His own Father John D. of Lancaster was the First Commissioner in this Judgment in Parlement See Pleas of the Crown 21 Ric. II. Duke of Lancaster for Ten Years against all Justice the Laws and Customs of the Kingdom and the Military Law Damnably incurring Perjury Twelfthly After the said King had graciously granted 3 3 Ibm. n. 29. to the now Duke of Lancaster by his Letters Patents That while he was in Banishment his Attorneys might sue for Livery of any Inheritance might fall to him for which Homage was due which should be respited for a
and zour own Writing upon which ze made and ordeyned zour Procurators the Ersbysshopp of Zork and the Bysshopp of Hereford for to notifie and declare in zour Name thes Renunciacion and Cession at Westmynstre to all the Stotes and all the People that was ther gadyrd bycause of the Sommons forsayd the whiche was done zesterday by thes Lordes zour Procuratours and wele herde and understonden thes Renunciation and Cession were pleinelich and frelich accepted and fullich agreed by all the States and People forsayd And over this Sire at the instance of all thes States and People there were certain Articles of Defauts in zour Governance redde there and though we le herd and pleinelich understonden to all the States forsayd hem thoght hem so trewe and so notoric and knowen that by the Causes and by mo other os thej sayd and having consideration to zour owne Wordes in zour own Renunciacion and Cession that ze were not worthy no sufficient ne able for to Govern for zour owne Demerites os it is more pleinerlich contened therein hem thoght that wos reasonable und cause for to Depose zowe and her Commissaries that her made and ordeined os it is of Record ther declared and decreed and adjudged zowe for to be Deposed and Pryved and in dede Deposed zowe and Pryved zowe of the Astate of Kyng and of the Lordeship contened in the Renunciacion and Cession forsayd and of all the Dignity and Wyrsshipp and of all the Administration that longed therto And we Procuratours to all these States and People foresayd os we be charged by hem and by hir Auctorite gyffen us and in her Name zelde zowe uppe for all the States and People soresayd Homage Liege and Feaute and all Legeance and all other Bondes Charges and Services that longe therto And that non of all thes States and People fro this tyme forward ne bere zowe Feyth ne do zowe Obeysance os to thar Kyng And he answered and seyd That he loked not therafter but he seyd That after all this he hoped that is Cosyn wolde be good Lord to hym And further to compleat his Design on the 1 Rot. Claus 1 Hen. IV. part 1. M. 37. Dors Summons of Parlement 30th of September he by Information of the Arch-Bishop That by the Acceptation of the Renunciation of King Richard his Cession and Deposition this Parlement was determined issued in his own Name Writs to the Lords and for Elections of Members Knights Citizens and Burgesses of the House of Commons to meet on Monday next following being the Day of St. Faith and all this to be done and Returns made in six Days time So as these were the same Members who had been Summoned by King Richard to meet on the morrow of St. Michael as appears beyond Contradiction from the Writs 2 Append. n. 114. for their Expences which were Dated on the 19th of November the last Day of the Parlement and they were allowed their Expences for Fifty one Days besides the time of coming to and returning from Parlement in which Fifty one Days was included the 30th of September and all the Days between that and St. Faith's Day the 6th of October to make up the Number In this Parlement 3 Rot. Parl. 1 Hen. 4 n. 1. Pronunciation du Parlement or Declaration of cause of Summons The Cause of Summons Summoned and Holden at Westminster by King Henry IV. on Monday the Day of St. Faith which was the 6th of October in the first Year of his Reign sitting on his Royal Seat in the Great Hall at Westminster in the Presence of him and all the Lords Spiritual and Temporal and Commons and many other Gentlemen and Commons in great Number Thomas de Arundel Arch-Bishop of Canterbury declared the Cause of Summons and rehearsed how on Tuesday last past on the morrow of St. Michael King Richard II. after the Conquest summoned his Parlement to be then holden which Summons was of no force or effect by reason of the Acceptation of the Renunciation made by King Richard and the Deposing of him as without doubt he had informed King Henry before he issued his Writs for this Parlement And then proceeds That on the same Tuesday 4 Ibm. n. 2. in Presence of King Henry the Lords Spiritual Temporal and Commons he shewed that this Honourable Kingdom of England being the most abounding Angle with Riches had been a long time Governed by Children and the Counsels of young People so as the Kingdom was in point of Perdition and great Desolation and Mischief mightily to be lamented if it had not been that Almighty God of his Great Grace and Mercy had sent a Knowing and Discreet Man for the Government of the Nation who by the Aid of God will be Governed and Counselled by the Sages and Ancients of his Kingdom for the Aid and Comfort of himself and the whole People And said further That Men ought especially to consider how this Honourable Kingdom could so long continue under such mischievous Government Waste and Destruction which if it had been under Good and Just Government by Sage and Sufficient Counsel as it ought of Right it would have been in Riches Goods and other Advantages the most considerable of any Kingdom in the World 5 Ibm. n. 3. Et sur ceo mesme Lercevesque prist pur son Theame le Parole de Machabeorum primo in disent Incumbit nobis ordinare pro Regno And then the Arch-Bishop took for his Theme the Words in the first of Machabees saying Incumbit nobis ordinare pro Regno 1 Mac. Chap. 6. Vers 57. They are the last Words of a very long Verse and nothing to his Purpose nor what went before or what follows after The English Version is thus The Affairs of the Realm depend upon us But to go on with his Harangue Incumbit nobis ordinare pro Regno cest a dire c. That is to say It is the King's Will to be Counselled and Governed by the Honourable Sages and Discreet Persons of his Kingdom and by their Common Counsel and Assent do the best for the Government of himself and his Realm not desiring to be Governed by his own Will voluntary Purpose or singular Opinion but by Common Advice Counsel and Assent as abovesaid And the same Archbishop said further mesme Lercevesque dit outre There was not such a Kingdom in the World that could live without the Assistance of other Kingdoms so Honourably so Graciously and so Fully si honourablement ne graciousment ne plentiousment as might the Honourable Kingdom of England which God keep safe and maintain 6 Ib. n. 4. And upon this he alledged certain Authority saying Quod inter omnia regna hoc principatum tenet Of all Kingdoms this is the chief and shewed That to the Government of every Kingdom Three things especially were required that is to say Justice The Observation of the Laws And that every Person should rule
Jews rather to get a Livelihood then out of Affection to Christ or Christianity pretended to be Converts for about Ten years after they were all Banished the Kingdom as appears by these Writs De Judaeis Regno Angliae Exeuntibus Of the Jews going out of England Claus 18 Ed. I. M. 6. And De passagio conductu Judaeorum Angliae for the Passage and Conduct of the Jews of England Pat. 18 Ed. I. M. 14. In the Tenth of this King 7 Mat. West f. 410. n. 50. A. D. 1282. The Welsh surprise the King 's Justitiary Lewelin Prince of Wales and his Brother David on Palm-Sunday night surprised the Lord Roger de Clifford the King 's Justiciary there killed many of his Servants wounded bound and sent him Prisoner to the Mountain of Snowdon committing great Ravages killing the People and destroying a great part of the Marches The King scarce believing the News at first upon better Information sent the Barons of the Exchequer and Justices of the Bench Justiciarios de Banco to Shrewsbury to put the Laws in Execution and followed them with an Army built a large Bridge over the River Conwey of Boats or as the Historian says Ships and possessed himself of the Country about Snowdon and gave many Shares of those Lands to his Barons and others that had faithfully assisted him Over this Bridge many of the Nobles of the King's Army passed out of Anglesey to view and observe the Country who affrighted with the Multitude and Clamour of the Welsh coming upon them hasting to return from whence they came were drowned in their Passage The Welsh incouraged by this Accident which they would have a Miracle non infortunio sed miraculo ascribentes pressed their Prince to Act like a Man of Courage and it would not be long e're according to Merlin's Prophecy he should wear the Crown of Brute Whereupon with a great Army he descended into the Plains and left his Brother David to defend the Mountains Where Edmund the Son of the Famous Roger Mortimer then dead with some other Marchers set upon them and without considerable damage to themselves The Welsh routed Lewlin's Head struck off slew a great number of the Welsh in which Conflict Lewelin's Head was struck off presented to the King and sent to London and set upon the Tower Walsingham 8 F. 50. n. 10 20. A. D. 1283. Relates this Story in the year 1283 the 11th of Edward I. and that this Battle was six days before the Feast of St. Lucy that year and says that the Welsh besieged Rothelan Castle now Radland in Flintshire and that upon King Edward's coming towards them they quitted the Siege and retired Tho. Wikes Reports it in the year 1281 and varies also from the others in the Story it self and whether any of them be true in that or not certain it is they are all false in the time as is evident from the Records hereafter cited The King 9 Append. n. 7. to the Sheriff of Norf. and Suff. Greeting Whereas Lewelin the Son of Griffin and other Welshmen his Accomplices and our Enemies and Rebels have so often in the times of us and our Progenitors disturbed the Peace of England and do still continue in the same Course And for that by the Advice of our Great Men and the whole Community of the Land we propound finally to repress their Rebellion and Instability so as it shall not be in their power to disturb the Peace of the Nation when they please altho it seems to be a very great Charge and Difficult Vndertaking We Command you that you cause to come before us on the Octaves of St. Hillary i. e. Jan. 20. at Northampton or before our Commissioners all those of your Bayliwick that have 20 l. a year and upwards who are able and fit to bear Arms who are not at present with us in our Expedition against the Welsh And Four Knights of each County for the Four Knights summoned to meet for every County For every City Burgh and Mercat Town two Men. Community of the same Counties having full power from them and also of every City Burgh and Mercate Town Two Men Duos homines for the Communities of the same to hear and do those things which on our behalf we shall cause to be shewn unto them c. Witness the King at Rothelan the 24th day of November in the 11th year of his Reign The like Precept was to the Sheriffs of all Counties in England to cause to meet c. at Northampton except to the Sheriffs of Yorkshire Cumberland VVestmerland Northumberland and Lancashire who were Commanded to cause c. to meet at York The like Precept was to the * Rot. Wall 11 Ed. I. M. 4. Archbishop of Canterbury to cause all his Suffragans Abbats Priors and other Prefects of Religious Houses Procurators of Deans and Chapters of Collegiate Churches to come before the King or his Commissioners at the same time and place to hear and do as before and further to give their Counsel and Assistance happily to finish what he had begun to the Praise and Honour of God the Magnificence of his Fame ad magnificentiam nostrae famae to the perpetual Peace and Tranquility of the whole Kingdom Witness as before The like was to the Arch-Bishop of York for the Meeting of the Clergy of that Province at York After this the King wrote 1 Rot. Walliae 11 Ed. I. M. 4. De potestate data petendi procurandi subsidium Regis in Expeditione Regis Wall The King demands a Subsidy and injoins the form of it Pope Nich. died Aug. 22. 1280 and Martin IV. succeeded Febr. 22. the same year Walsingham says it was in the year 1281 and according to Truth to the Venerable Fathers in Christ the Bishops Abbats Priors Deans Chapters of the Cathedral and Collegiate Churches of the Province of York and their Proctors To the Knights Freemen Communities and all others of every County beyond Trent that were to meet on the Octaves of Hillary or 20th of January then near at hand That for the Suppressing of the Welsh c. and Establishing a perpetual Peace in England which he intended with his whole Heart he had given Power to the Arch-Bishop of York and Anthony Bek Arch-Deacon of Duresm his Secretary to ask and procure in his Name according to the Form to them by him delivered and injoined a Subsidy to his Use of his Subjects of every Bishoprick and County beyond Trent plenam damus potestatem petendi procurandi nomine nostro juxta formam per nos eis inde Traditam injunctam subsidium ad opus nostrum c. Commanding and Requiring them to give Credit to what the Arch-Bishop and Anthony should say about the Premisses and to perform what they should propound to them on his behalf Ex parte nostra Witness the King at Rothelan the 6th day of January in the 11th of his
he sent the Bishop of Vicenza to the King of France before whom and with the Consent of the King of England's Commissioners it was Agreed That both the Kings should perform that Article and King Edward Authorized several Commissioners The King of England performs the 7th Article of the Pope's Award to deliver the Possession of his Lands Vassals and Goods into the hands of the Bishop who was to receive them in the Name of the Pope as a Private Person and Benedict Gaitan This Instrument bears Date at Westminster April 22. 1299 the 27th of Ed. I. In May following Prince Edward 2 Ibm. Prince Edward Contracted to Isabel the King of France his Daughter made the Earl of Lincoln his Proxy to Contract the Espousals with Isabel the King of France his Daughter While the Bishop of Vicenza was in France he sollicited the Release of John Baliol King of Scots by the King of France his Mediation to the Pope to give it in Charge to the Bishop his Legate who obtained it 3 Append. n. 36 and Pryn's Ed. I. f. 797. A. D. 1299. 27. Ed â— and he was delivered to him at Whitsand in France by Robert de Bourghersh Kt. Constable of Dover Castle the King's Proxy upon Saturday before St. Mary Magdalen's Day or 22d of July upon Condition That the Pope might Direct and King John Baliol delivered to the Pope's Proxy Order what he pleased only as to his Person and the Estate he had in England as King Edward might have done if he had been personally with him in England saving to him and his Heirs Kings of England the Kingdom of Scotland the Men and Inhabitants and all the Appurtenances to that Kingdom It being there Read and Rehearsed before his Delivery and in his own presence and the presence of the Bishop of Vicenza That he had committed many Inhuman Trespasses and Treasons against his Sovereign Prince King Edward contrary to his Homage and Fealty c. And that the Pope should not Qrdain or Direct any thing in the Kingdom of Scotland concerning the Men or Inhabitants or Appurtenances of the same Kingdom for John Baliol or his Heirs which are or may be or any other Cause whatsoever And upon these Terms the Bishop in Name and Stead of the Pope received him from the King's Proxy on the said Saturday before the Feast of St. Margaret A. D. 1299. and 27th of Ed. I. Certainly at this time the Pope understood not that Scotland was his Fee as he claimed it two years after It may be supposed that King John Baliol was willing to go any His Character of the Scots whither rather than into his own Country he having voluntarily and of his own accord without the privity of King Edward by an 4 Append. n. 37. and Pryns Ed. I. f. 665. Instrument drawn by a Publick Notary the year before Renounced Scotland and Resolved never to come there more or have to do with it because he had found such Malice Fraud Treason and Deceit in the Scots that they had designed to poyson him This year 5 Mat. West f. 431. n. 50. died Two very great Men Humfry de Bohun Earl of Essex and Hertfordshire and Constable of England and William Beauchamp Earl of Warwick The Scots were this year Troublesome and the King had summoned the Militia of the Kingdom 6 Brevia Regis in Jurie Lond. 27 Ed. I. and Pryns Ed. I. f. 809. The King summons the Militia to go with him into Scotland The Pope sends a Nuncio to compleat his Award to meet him at Carlisle on the Vigil of Pentecost to go with him into Scotland upon his own Wages against his Enemies and to settle such English as he had there given Lands unto in them in the mean time he received a Message from the Pope that he was sending his Nuncio to Mounstreuit in Picardy where should be a Treaty to end all Differences in pursuance of his former Award This Message was communicated to the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury other Bishops Earls and Barons who advised him to remain in the South while this Treaty was over by reason of Debates that might happen in it which might require speedy Advice and Resolution and therefore wrote to all the Sheriffs of England to make Proclamation the Militia should not meet at Carlisle until the first of August Given at Stabenheth the 7th of May 27th of Ed. I. A. D. 1299. 27 Ed. I. Many of the Nobility and People not being satisfied or seemed not to be so that the Perambulations and setting out the Bounds of the Forests were not done so speedily as they desired the King sent 7 Brevia ib. Pryn f. 810. The People dissatisfied at the delay of the Perambulations of the Forests Writs to the Sheriffs of all Counties to proclaim and give notice That the Commissioners for these Perambulations should meet at Northampton at Michaelmass next with full power to proceed Special Commissioners appointed to dispatch that Business in that Business without delay Dated at Lewis the 25th of June in the 27th of his Reign But this was not thought sufficient for it was reported and The People yet not satisfied noised abroad that the King intended not to observe Magna Charta or the Charter of the Forest nor would ever suffer the Perambulations to be made and the Bounds of the Forests to be set out and therefore the same day he issued a 8 Ibm. and f. 811. The King issues a Second Proclamation to quiet them further Proclamation to give the Causes and Reasons why the Perambulations c. could not be made sooner and to let the World know he was pressed too hard and not in due manner to do these things and that those who raised these Reports were malicious People and desired to cause Differences between him and his Subjects and to disturb the Peace of the Nation Dated on the same day and at the same place In the beginning of September 9 Walsingh f. 77. n. 10. Mat. Westm f. 432. n. 10 20. A. D 1299. 27th of Ed. I. King Edward Married to Margaret the King of France his Sister Margaret Sister to the King of France was Conducted into England by the Duke of Burgundy and Earl of Britan to whom King Edward was Married on the 12th of this month in the Cathedral of Canterbury by the Arch-Bishop The Wedding was very splendid and much Foreign Nobility attended the Solemnity The King's Expectations were every way great from this Match but it answered them not On the Feast of St. Martin or 11th of November says 1 Fol. 77. n. 30. Walsingham the King held a Parlement at York and from thence went to Berwick intending to proceed further into Scotland to Relieve Sterling Castle then besieged by the Scots but the Noblemen Sterling Castle delivered to the Scots then with the King informing and pressing him the boggy and low Grounds were
about the Prices of Oxen Cows Sheep Geese Hens and other Victuals set the last Parlement should be revoked and that they should be sold as formerly at reasonable Rates The reason of this says Walsingham was 2 Hist f. 107. n. 20. because after the Price set in Parlement they were much dearer On Tuesday following the King by the Bishop of Norwich promised to 3 Rot. Par. ib. n. 1. The King promiseth to observe the Ordinances observe all the Ordinances formerly made by the Prelates and Great Men per Prelatos Proceres and also the Perambulations of the Forest made in his Father's time saving to the King his Reasons against them salvis Regi Rationibus suis contra Perambulationes and thereof Writs were made accordingly On the Friday next coming 4 Ibm. Soldiers how raised and paid against the Scâ—â—s the Great Men and Community of the Kingdom Magnates Communitas Regni Granted to the King in Aid of his War with Scotland of every Town in the Kingdom one Stout Footman except in Cities and Burghs and the King's Demeasns and these Footmen were to be armed and furnished with Swords Bows Arrows Slings Lances and other Armour fit for Footmen at the Charge of the Towns and their Expences to be paid until they came at the Place of Rendezvous and their Wages for 60 Days after and no longer if the King's Service required it at 4 d. the day and Market-Towns that were further able to be charged with Men were so to be charged the King promising to give his Letters to the Great Men and Community of the Kingdom Magnatibus Communitati Regni and to their Heirs That this Grant should be no Precedent nor drawn into Example for the future The same Day the King by Advice of the Prelates and Great Men Consilio Praelatorum Procerum ordered the 5 Ibm. whole Service due to him i. e. all the Horse of England to be Summoned for this cause to be at Newcastle upon Tine 15 Days after Midsummer The Citizens Burgesses and Knights 6 Ibm. n. 2. Cives Burgenses Milites de Comitatibus qui venerunt ad Parliamentum then Granted the King in Aid of this War and Expedition a 15th Part of all the moveable Goods 7 Ibm. Civium Burgensium Hominum de Civitatibus Burgis de Dominicis Regis of Citizens Burgesses and Men of Cities Burghs and the King's Demeasns which they had at Michaelmas then last past On Shrove-Tuesday in the Parlement 8 Ibm. n 3. The King had a sincere good will toward the Earl of Lancaster and other Great Men. the Bishop of Norwich on behalf of the King moved the Earl of Lancaster to put away all Doubting he might have of him for that he had a sincere Good-will towards him and the other Great Men erga ipsum alios Proceres Regni sui and held them to be his Faithful Liege-men and told him the King desired to have him the Chief of his Council requesting him 9 Ibm. ex parte Domini Regis Praelatorum ac Procerum Regni ibidem existentium on behalf of the King Prelates and Great Men there present to take upon him to assist and advise in the Affairs of King and Kingdom The Earl thanked the King and and humbly requested time to deliberate humiliter supplicavit quod ipse possit deliberare and then answer Which he did in a very short time and was Sworn of the King's Council in the Form following Whereas our Lord 1 Ibm. n. 4. King Edward by the Grace of God King of England hath with the Prelates Earls and Barons of the Land 2 Ibm. this number only in French upon the Roll. avesques Prelates Countes e Barons de son Terre in full Parlement requested his dear Cousin Monsieur Thomas Earl of Lancaster that he would be Chief of his Council in all Great and Weighty He requested the Earl to be Chief of his Council Affairs touching himself and his Realm with other Prelates Earls and Barons which may between the King and himself take care that he may be for the Profit of him and the Realm The said Earl for the great Love he had for his Lord the King and for the Common Profit of the Kingdom and the Ordinances 3 Ibm. The Earl complies upon such Terms as he might Govern the Kingdom qil ad sur merci enterement Grante a teniz which he had upon favour entirely granted to observe and the right Laws to maintain in all Points and in hope to make Amendments in such things as had been ill done in his Court and the Estate of his Realm did grant to be of the King's Council with the Prelates Earls Barons so as at the Hour the King shall not do according to his Directions and others of his Council concerning the Matters of his Court and Kingdom after such things have been shown him and he will not be Governed by the Council of him and others the Earl without Evil Will Challenge or Discontent may be discharged from the Council and that the Business of the Realm concerning him shall not be done or performed without the Assent of him and the other Prelates Earls and Barons which shall be ordained or appointed to advise him 4 Ibm. saunz Assent de luy des autres Prelatz Countes Barous qi de luy Conseiller serront ordenetz And if any of the Prelates Earls and Barons shall advise the King or do other thing which shall not be for the Profit of him and his Realm then at the next Parlement by the Advisement of the King and his Friends 5 Ibm. solone lavisement nostres Seigneur le Roy le seon they shall be removed and so it shall be from Parlement to Parlement as to them and every of them according to the Faults found in them In Witness whereof this Bill was to be entred on the Parlement-Roll ceste Bille entre en Rouelle de Parlement And then it follows Billae 6 Ibm. The Instrument by which he was made Chief of the Council entred upon the Parliament-Roll predicta formam continens supra scriptam liberata fuit Willielmo de Ayremin Clerico c. The foresaid Bill containing the Form above written was delivered to William Ayremin Clerc by the hands of the Lords Walter of Norwich and Bartholomew de Badlesmer commanding the said William by Order of the King to inroll it Word for Word Over the Army above-mentioned raised by the Parlement against the Scots the Earl of Lancaster was made 7 Rot. Scot. Ed. 2. M. 6. The Earl of Lancaster made General of the Army against the Scots and Lieutenant of Scotland General and the King's Lieutenant in Scotland but what great things he did with this Army or by his Lieutenancy it appears not in any History I have met with Next Year the Pope sent two 8 Rot. Claus 10 Edw. II. M.
mean while the Scots entered into England plundered The Scots enter into burn and waste the Borders burnt and ravaged the Counties of Northumberland Cumberland and the Bishoprick of Durham against whom the King raised an Army in the Northern Counties King Edward very much disturbed 6 Ib. in both An Army raised with which for the Death of his great Friend and at the Progress of Charles of Bloys raised a great Army and appointed it by Proclamation 7 Clause 16 E. III. M. 20. Dors A. D. 1342. the King went in Person into Bretagne He wrote to the Pope to Command Prayers c. to be made for his Success to be ready to pass with him into Bretagne by Midsummer following and then wrote to Pope Clement the Sixth to put up Prayers to the Almighty for his happy Progress and that he would cause Preachings Processions and other Pious Offices to be exercised in England for a Blessing upon his Armies which at that time he intended against France and Scotland The Letter it self being written in an extraordinary strain of Piety and Devotion and to shew the Devotional Latin of those times is Printed in the Appendix 8 N. Notwithwithstanding his Proclamation he could not get ready 9 Clause 16 E. III. p. 2. M. 23. Dors until the 4th of October when he took Shipping at Sandwich and sailing toward France he met with the French Fleet from which after a sharp Engagement they were separated by Storm At length he landed near Vannes in Bretagne which he besieged and 1 Froiss c. 94 98. Two Cardinals sent by the Pope to mediate a Truce which was obtained for 3 years the French Army under the Conduct of the Duke of Normandy lay ready to relieve it At which time the Pope sent the Two Cardinals of Penestrin and Tusculum who mediated a Truce for Three years for the maintaining whereof the King of England and Duke of Normandy as Froissard says made Oath according to the Articles of the Truce which do here follow tho not exactly according to the form in Robert of Aversbury p. 100. c. 42. or in Tho. Walsingham f. 159. n. 10 20 c. which is tedious and without method but according to Du Chesne 2 F. 659. B. who hath drawn up the whole and entire Sense of them in a short Form 1. For the Reverence of Holy Church and the Support of Christianity The Articles of the Truce and Ease of the Subjects of both Kings and the Honour of the Cardinals Treating Peace and Concord between them they would The first Article is according to Avesbury send some of their Blood and others to the Court of Rome to end all Differences and Debates before the Pope having Power by Advice of the Pope and Consistory of Cardinals to alledge and propound their Reasons not that he should end and decide it or give Sentence but only for the making a better Peace and Treaty 2. The Treators or Ambassadors shall appear before the Pope by the Feast of John Baptist or Midsummer-day next coming That before Christmass the Treaty may be ended if nothing happens for the prolonging of it or in case the Pope be not hindred by other Business or that he cannot compose in that time the Differences between the Kings yet nevertheless the Truce shall continue for Three years after the Feast of St. Michael then next following between the King of England and France the King of Scots and the Earl of Haynault and all the Allies of the said Kings that is to say the Dukes of Brabant and Gelderland the Marquiss of Juliers Monsieur John de Haynault and the People of Flanders in all their Lands and Seigniories 3. That the King of Scots and Earl of Haynault and other Allies of the Kings shall send their Messengers or Ambassadors to Ib. Walâ—ing the Court of Rome by the Feast of St. John with sufficient Power to consent to and confirm the Treaty before the Pope for what belongs to them but if they would not send the Treaty was to proceed notwithstanding 4. That the Truce shall be observed in Bretagne between the Two Kings and their Allies notwithstanding they both pretend Right to the Dutchy 5. The City of Vannes shall remain in the Hands of the Cardinals or of one of them to be holden during the Truce in the Name of the Pope And after the end of the Truce they may dispose of it as they please 6. That the Cardinals shall labour diligently to find some way how the Flemmings may be absolved from the Popes Censures they had incurred Avesbury 7. That the Earl of Flanders may remain in his Earldom as Lord without Mean but not as Soveraign provided the People do Consent 8. Both Kings shall endeavour without fraud that their Subjects do not make War upon one another in Gascoign nor in Bretagne during the Truce or in any other place and in case they should there should be no Rupture between them 9. That none who were under the Obedience of one King before or at the time when the Truce was made shall put himself under the Obedience of the other during the Truce 10. That nothing shall be given or promised directly or indirectly to any Party to make War during the Truce 11. That the Truce be kept and observed by Land and Sea and Sworn to by both Parties and speedily published in both Armies and within Fifteen days in Gascoign Bretagne and Flanders and in England and Scotland within Forty The residue of the Articles are the same with those of the Truce made at the Siege of Tournay the 25th of September 1340 in the Fourteenth of Edward the Third before noted This Truce was made in the Priory of St. Mary Magdalen in the Town of Malatrait and Signed the 19th of January 1343 according to Avesbury and on the same day 1342 according to Walsingham About five Weeks after this Truce was Signed 3 Clause 17 E. III. Part. 1. M. 25. Dors Writs for a Parlement Writs were sent forth for a Parlement to be holden at Westminster on the Monday next after the Quinden of or 15th after Easter Teste Custode Witness the Guardian of England Feb. 24. c. The chief cause of Summons of this Parlement signified also in the Writ it self 4 Rot. Parl. 17 E. III. n. 7 8 9. was to treat and advise with the Great Men and Commons od les Grantz Comunes what was best to be done about the King's Affairs concerning the Truce made The Declaration of the Cause of Summons between him and his Adversary of France and then touching the Government and Safety of this Nation and his People And for that Monsieur Bartholomew de Burghesh who was with the King in Bretagne at the making of the Truce knew best how things went there the Chancellor sent to him to come and declare in Parlement the manner of making the Truce
of greater Force than at that time had ever been heard of que cea en arere ad este oi to invade England destroy the Nation the King and his Subjects as it manifestly appeared by what he had shewn and did show every day The other cause was to know how and in what manner the Peace of the Land might be best kept and then the Commons were commanded to treat together and take good Advice how the Malice of the King's Adversary might be resisted and for the Safety of himself and Kingdom how he might be Aided to his greatest Profit and the least Charge to his People The Commons having advised together gave the Answer following To their most Honourable and most redoubted Liege Lord his poor Commons 3 Ibm. n. 4. shew A lour tres Honurable tres Redoutez Seigneur Liege monstre sa pour Comune That at his last Parlement he sent the Noble Earls of Lancaster and Northampton autres Grantz and other Great Men to tell them That he intended not to take any thing of or charge them which they had published to the whole Land for which they had also thanked him according to their Knowledge as much as they could and prayed for him Night and Day prient pur lui nuyt jour and yet at this present Parlement upon News now come pur noveles que sont venuz he demanded a The Commons Grievances and Complaints very great Charge of his poor Commons un trop grant Charge da sa povre Comune They desire his Nobleness and most High Lordship he would please to understand the Mischiefs and Burthens of the Commons That is to say the reasonable Aid which had been pardoned in his 14th Year that is a Grant was made it should not be paid all his Reign to wit 40 s. upon every Knight's Fee to make his Eldest Son Knight whereas by Statute there was but 20 s. due upon every Fee Fifteenths of the Commons Tenths of Cities and Burghs Men at Arms Hobelors Archers taking of Victuals without paying for them Guarding the Sea and also the Subsidy of Wooll by reason whereof every Sack of Wooll that was the Treasure of the Land was sold for 40 s. less than its Value So as it would be a great Trouble to the Commons to bear any Charge Yet The Conditions of the Grant of an Aid nevertheless so as the Aid now to be granted might not be turned into Wooll neither by way of Loan or Value or in any other manner nor levied too hastily but in the Form it was to be granted and that the Eyres of Justices in the mean time might cease as well of the Forest as of Common Pleas and General Enquiry in the whole Land if this Aid should be levied That no Subsidy upon Wooll for the future may be granted by the Merchants That no Imposition Loan or other Tallage or Charge whatsoever shall be put upon them by the Privy Council without their Grant and Consent in Parlement That Two Prelates Two Lords and Two Justices might be assigned to hear and dispatch their Petitions which were not answered in the last Parlement and that their Petitions in this Parlement might also be answered according to Reason and the Answers to remain in force without being changed or altered That the Justices do enquire of False Money which destroys the People That David Bruys William Douglass and other Chieftains of Scotland may in no manner be released neither by Ransom nor upon their Faith That he would restore the 20000 Sacks of Wooll taken of the Commons by way of Loan That an Aid to Marry his Daughter might not be taken the mean time and That there might be no Marshalcy in England except that of the King or the Guardian of England when he was out of the Kingdom Vpon these Conditions and otherwise not sur cestes Conditions autrement nient and also that they may be entred in the Parlement-Roll as Matter of Record come chose de Record by which they might have Remedy if any thing should be done to the contrary in time to come The said poor Commonalty to their very great Mischief Grant to the King si grante la dite povre Communalte a lour trop grante Mischief a nostre Seigneur le Roy trois Quinzismes c. three Fifteenths to be levied in three Years to begin at Michaelmas next coming so as every Year one Fifteenth may be levied and no more at two Terms in the Year St. Michael and Easter by even Portions and that this Aid may be assigned and reserved only for the War and not to pay Debts And if the War should cease or a Truce be made then the Fifteenth of the last Year not to be levied That of these Conditions and the manner of this Grant Letters Patents shall be made and sent into all Counties without paying any thing for them wherein shall be made mention of the great Necessity the King was in after the last Parlement And in case the War should break out toward Scotland the Aid granted beyond Trent should be employed for the Defence of those Parts as it had been formerly About this time Lewis of Bavaria being dead several of the The Electors offer to chuse K. Edward Emperor of Germany Electors met at Colen from whence they sent Ambassadors to King Edward and offered to Elect him Emperor of Germany 4 Claus 22 Ed. III M. 20 Dors A. D. 1334. He refuseth their Offer in Return to which Offer he sent Sir Hugh Nevill and Ivo de Glinton Canon of St. Paul with his Refusal of that Dignity and great Thanks for the Honour they intended him The time of the Truce of Calais being near expiring 5 Rot. Fran. 22 Edw. III. M. 13. Several Truces continued and made the King upon the Pope's sending Commissioners either to prolong the Truce or Treat of a final Peace the former was agreed for six weeks Which Term being ended the Ambassadors on both sides met between Guines and Calais and agreed to another Truce to begin on the 13th of November and continue to the first of September 1349 Which Truce on the second of May that year 6 Rot. Fran. 23 Edw. III. M. 9 10. Dors was prorogued to the Feast of Pentecost 1350. The Articles were much the same with those of the Truce before Tournay A. D. 1340 and of that before Vannes A. D. 1343. This year says Walsingham was 7 F. 168. n. 10. Glorious in England for Peace Victories the Spoils of Caen Calais and other Towns and Cities in France as also for Garments Furs Gold and Silver Vessels and other rich Vtensils which were seen almost in every House and that then it was the English Dames began to pride themselves in the Apparel The English Women imitate the French in Apparel of the French Dames In a very short time after the Truce as above was concluded the Lord Geofrey Charny
the Commons if they had any Petitions of Grievances done to the People or for the amendment of the Law they should bring them into Parlement and told the Prelates and Lords they were to attend the Business of all Persons Petitions in the Places where they were assigned And then after a long 6 Ib. n. 9. Treaty and Debate by the Commons that is the 24 or 30 Persons chosen to confer with the Great Men sent to them by the King with the Commonalty and the Advice of the Great Men sent to them as well about a convenient Ayd to the King to oppose the Malice of his Adversary as about making the Petitions concerning the common People of the Land puis apres longe Trete Deliberation eues pur les Upon Treaty of the Committee and Advice of the Lords sent to them Comunes ove la Comunalte lavis de ascuns des Grantz a eux envoies sibien sur un eide que convendroit a Roi c. The Commons came before the King and all the Great Men in Parlement vindrent les ditz Comunes devant nostre Seigneur le Roi touz les Grantz en Parlement and shewed how the Common People of the Land were much impoverished by the late Mortal Pestilence as by other Burthens Taxes Taillages and many other Payments laid upon them but notwithstanding these Mischiefs having regard to the necessary Defence to be made for the safety of the Nation against so great Malice of the Enemies of the Kingdom delivered to the King in full Parlement a Roll baillerent a le Roi en Parlement une A Roll of an Ayd and the Petitions of the Commons was delivered to the King Roul c. containing as well the Ayd which they had intirely with one accord granted as the Petitions touchant la comune de la terre concerning the Commons of the Land to which they prayed the King to give a good and quick Answer bon hastif Respons He granted their Prayer and Thanked them for the great Ayds given him before and for that now granted and for the good Will and Nature which he had always found in his Commons before this time and now finds in this Affair Then follows the Grant 7 Ib. n. 10. The Ayd of Three Tenths and Three Fifteenths granted to the King this Parlement by the Great Men of the Land and the whole Commons Grantees a nostre Seigneur le Roi en cest present Parlement par les Grantz du Roialme par tote la Comune c. for the great necessity declared to the said Commons by the King and Great Men par le Roi les Grantz avantditz to be paid as the last Tenths and Fifteenths were in Three years c. upon the Conditions following To wit 8 Ib. n. 11. The Conditions of the Ayd That all the Fines Issues Amerciaments Profits and Excesses levied or to be levied upon the Labourers Artificers Regrators c. go to the Commons toward this Tax c. as in the Statutes at Large now nothing to the purpose and so the Answer That hereafter 9 Ib. n. 12. no Tax Taillage Ayds or Charges be demanded or levied of the Commons and that all the reasonable Petitions prayed by the Commons may be granted confirmed and sealed before the departure of this Parlement As to Tax and Taillage 1 Rot. Ib. The King's Answer 't is not the intention of the King or the Great Men ne des Grantz they should ever be charged As to granting their reasonable Petitions the King is pleased it should be done Also the Commons pray 2 Ib. n. 16. the Loans that were granted to the King by many Persons of the Commons may be released and none compelled to make such Loans for the future against his will for that 't was against Reason and the Franchise of the Land and that Restitution might be made to those that had made the Loans The King 3 Rot. Ib. The King's Answer is pleased it should be so Also That whereas the Justices 4 Ib. n. 17. assigned in divers Counties have judged many Men that were Arraigned before them as Traitors for divers Causes unknown to the Commons to be Treason That the King by his Council par les Grantz Sages de la Terre and by the Great and Wise Men of the Land would please to Declare the Points of Treason in that Parlement The 5 Rot. Ib. The Answer Answer was as in the Statute of the 25th of Edward the Third Cap. 2. The next year about the beginning of August Sir Walter de 6 Avesbury c. 81 82. p. 121. b. 122. a. b. A. D. 1352. 26 Ed. III. A great Victory obtained over the French in Britany Bintley the King's Governor of Britain and Parts adjoining with a small number of English in respect of the great Army a Marshal of France had encompassed them with in the Plains near the Town of Mauron obtained a considerable Victory having killed Sevenscore Knights and as many Escuyers and Men at Arms as made the number 500 besides Common Soldiers without number and many taken Prisoners according to his own Relation in a 7 Ibm. Letter to the Lord Chancellor John Thoresby Bishop of Worcester and soon after Arch-Bishop of York in which he mentions the Names of those of the best Quality that were slain or taken On the 6th of December * Mezeray fol. 372. Pope Clermont the Sixth dies Innocent the Sixth succeeds Pope Clement the Sixth died and Cardinal Stephan de Albret Bishop of Clermont succeeded him the 18th of the same month a Limosin by Birth and took upon him the Name of Innocent VI. In the 27th of his 8 Clause 27 Ed. III. M. 12. Dors A great Council summoned Reign he issued his Writs July 15 by which he summoned a great Council to meet at Westminster on Monday after St. Matthew the Apostle 9 Rot. Parl. 27 Ed. III. n. 31. or 9. The causes of it declared on the 7th of October The King Prelates and Great Men le Roy Prelates Grants being in the 9 Rot. Parl. 27 Ed. III. n. 31. or 9. The causes of it declared White Chamber les coes appellez the Commons were called and Monsieur Bartholomew de Burghersh the King's Chamberlain told them That the King thinking how he might best Ease his People who had been often charged with Impositions and great Ayds by reason of the War against his Adversary of France who detained his Rights and Heritage of the Crown of France had sent lately the most Noble and Excellent Persons of his Realm the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury the * He was created the the first Duke of Lancaster on the 6th of March 25th of Ed. III. See pat 25 E. III. p. 1. M. 18. Duke of Lancaster and other Prelates and Great Men to Guynes to Treat with the Deputies of his
Treason and to be punished without Remission or Connivance And further That one King do not Receive the Enemies of the other but preserve their Honour Reciprocally And that King 1 Ibm. Edward on his Part deputed no body to Bruges at the time appointed to make the Exchange of the Treaty and Renunciations 2 Ib. f. 694. A. B. That instead of delivering the Fortresses and Garrisons he held in France at his own Charge as he was expresly bound by the Treaty he kept many in his own Name under pretence of Wages due to the Soldiers as then unpaid and seized upon others and continued the War in effect by those of his Party who changed their Names and called themselves Companions who would not yield the Places they held without an unreasonable Redemption or Payment for the quitting of them Further That he took no notice of the Difference between his Son-in-Law John Montfort and Charles Earl of Blois concerning the Dutchy of Bretagne as by the Treaty he was equally bound to do as the King of France was but suffered the War to continue there to weaken the Force of France and to prevent the Return of the Companions into England lest that might have been too great Charge and Trouble to him That he never kept his Faith with France Lastly That he had done Homage and sworn Fealty to the King of France as to his Superiour Lord for the Dutchy of Aquitan Earldom of Ponthieu c. Mezeray 3 Fol. 388. writes That King Edward thought himself absolute Soveraignt in Guyen by the Treaty of Bretigny but as on his side he had not Disbanded his Soldiers and moreover he had committed divers Hostilities the King of France pretended that Treaty was null and void and that therefore he remained still a Vassal to the Crown And that it was upon this foot that All the Lands the King of England held in France declared so feit and to be confiscated for Rebellion Contempt and Disobedience he sent to declare War against him And afterwards his Parlement being assembled on Ascension-Eve sitting in his Seat of Justice made a Decree by which for Rebellion Contempt and Disobedience they declared forfeit and confiscated all those Lands the King of England held in France But beyond this Pretence in the Declaration of the Confiscation of the Dukedom of Aquitan against King Edward and the Prince of Wales by Charles V. King of France Dated at Vincennes the 14th of May 1370. it is positively affirmed That the Superiority and Resort of the whole Dukedom of Aquitan and the other Lands delivered and assigned to the English by that Treaty were especially and expresly reserved to his Father himself and Successors See the Instrument it self in Codex Juris Gentium Diplomaticus Fol. 229. Paragraph 1. wherein they are said to have violated the Peace they solemnly Sware to maintain and for that their Rebellion there so called their Contempt and Vsurpation of the Superiority and Resort of the Dukedom of Aquitan and other Lands and many other Crimes there mentioned that Dukedom c. was decreed Confiscate and to be annexed to the Crown of France The War being open the King 1 Claus 43 Ed. III. M. 24. Dors A. D. 1369. Summoned a Parlement to meet on the Octaves of Holy Trinity or the next Sunday after that Feast being May 27. this Year 2 Rot. Parl. 43 Ed. III. n. 1. A Parlement called The cause of Summons The King Prelates Dukes Earls Barons Knights Citizens and Burgesses being in the Painted Chamber the Bishop of Winchester then Chancellor shewed the cause of Summons telling them That the King in all his great Business touching himself and the Kingdom had in all times done and wrought de tout temps ad fait overs c. by the Counsel and of the Great Men and Commons of the Realm who he found in all his Affairs Good and Loyal for which he thanked them and would not any thing should be unknown to them He further told them That with their Advice and An account of the Transactions between K. Edward and his Adversary of France Counsel he had made Peace with his Adversary of France upon certain Conditions That he should cause to be delivered unto him certain Lands and Countries beyond Sea and also pay him certain Sums of Money at certain times appointed in the Peace and that he should lay aside the Use of Resort in all the Lands and Countries of Gascon and all the Lands and Countries which the King held beyond Sea and that he was to part with the Name and Title of the King of France for the same time pur His unfaithful Dealing with K. Edw. mesme le temps That his Adversary had wholly failed to make Delivery of the Lands and Countries so Agreed to be Delivered by the Peace and of his Payment also That nevertheless he had received the Appeals of the Earl of Armynak the Lord de la Bret and others which were the King's Lieges in Gascon and by virtue of their Appeals had caused to be Summoned the Prince of Gascoigne to appear before him at Paris le Prince de Gascoigne dapparer devant luy a Paris c. the first Day of May last past to Answer their Appeals against the Form of the Peace 3 Ibm. n. 2. And further That he had sent a great Number of Men at Arms and others into the Countries of Gascoigne and there by force had taken Towns Castles Fortresses and other Places killed some of the King's Liege People taken others and imprisoned them in expectation of great Ransoms The like also he had done in Ponthieu And because of these things done in the Principality against the Form of the Peace 4 Ibm. n. 3. the Prince sent solemn Messengers to inform the King he had called to him the most Wise Men of the Principality and treated with and propounded to them whether by reason of these things he might not by Right and Reason retake upon him and use the Name of King of France who answered and affirmed the King might do it by Right and Good Faith de Droit bon Foi 5 Ibm. Upon which Point the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury and the other Prelates were charged by the King furent chargez par le Roy to treat and shew their Advice and Counsel lour Avys Conseil On Wednesday following the 6 Ibm. n. 8. King Edward by Advâ—câ— of Parlement retakes upon him the Title and Name of King of France Arch-Bishop and Prelates after mature Deliberation had upon the Charge with one accord answered and said respondrient desoient That the King for the Causes above-said might retake and use the Name of King of France by Right and good Conscience To which Agreed the Dukes Earls Barons and other Great Men and Commons in full Parlement a ce 7 Ibm. accorderent les Ducs Countes Barons autres Grants
Comunes en pleyn Parlement Which Name of King of France he did retake and had his Great Seal and other Seals altered and that Title 8 Ibm. engraved upon them On the same 9 Day and Thursday the Estate of the King 8 Ibm. 9 10. was laid before the Great Men and Commons feust monstre as Grants Comunes lestat le Roy and because the War was open par cause de la Guerre queste overte he should be at great Charges as well by Sea and Land which he could not maintain without their Aid he requested them they would treat and advise how he might be best assisted to his greatest Profit and the least Charge and Damage to the People The Prelates Dukes Earls and Barons by themselves and then the Commons of one accord Granted les Prelates Ducs Barons par eux puys les Comunes A Subsidy of Wooll c. granted to maintain the War dun acord Granteront c. to the King a Subsidy of Woolls of every Sack 43 s. 4 d. and of the Woollfels every Twelvescore as much and of every Last of Leather 4 l. which passed beyond Sea for three Years besides the ancient Custom to begin at Michaelmas next coming of Denizons Of Strangers for every Sack of Wooll 4 Marcs of every Twelvescore Woollfels 4 Marcs and of every Last of Leather 8 Marcs He not only provided for Money this Parlement but 1 Ib. n. 25. K. Edward's Offer To all Persons whatever that would maintain his Quarrel against France declared That for the Compensation of such Lords or others of whatsoever Estate Degree Condition or Nation they were who would maintain his Party and Quarrel against his Enemies of France should hold Heritably what they should Recover and Conquer be they Dutchies Earldoms Vicounties Cities Towns Castles Fortresses or Lordships situate in France by what Name or Title they were called of him as of the King of France by the Services and Dues accustomed except and reserved expresly to him and his Heirs all his Demeasn Royalties Services Homages Dues Resorts and Soveraignties belonging to the Crown of France except also Church-Lands and the Lands of all such as without Force or Difficulty would obey adhere to and stay in Obedience to him on their own Good-will and him Aid Counsel and Comfort in his Quarrel c. This Year 2 Wals f. 184. n. 20. The Death of the Queen The Offer as above no advantage to K. Edward 3 Froys C. 272. Du Ches f. 704. D. He sends his Letters of Indemnity and Pardon into Aquitan on the Assumption of the Virgin Mary or 15th of August died Queen Philip Just and Sincere as the Historians say to the English Interest There is nothing extant which makes it appear that the Offer above-mentioned advanced King Edward's Cause and therefore next Year he sends his Letters of Indemnity and Pardon with great Promises of Reformation into Aquitan 3 That he being informed of certain Troubles Grievances and Molestations done or supposed to be done by his Dear Son the Prince of Wales in his Seigniory of Aquitan being obliged and desirous to remedy all things tending to evil Surmises Hatreds and Contentions between him and his Loyal Friends and Subjects did Announce and Pronounce Certifie and Ratifie of his meer Good-will and by great Deliberation of his Council to that purpose called and did Will and Command That the Prince of Wales should forbear and remit all manner of Actions done or to be done and restore to all such as had been grieved or molested by him or by any of his Officers and Subjects in Aquitan all their Costs Expences or Damages raised or to be raised in the Name of Aids or Chimney-Money And did further pardon all such as had revolted and forsaken his Homage and Fealty upon Condition that after the sight of these Letters within one Month they returned to their Obedience And if any Persons made any just Complaint against his Dear Son the Prince or any employed by him that in any thing they were grieved or oppressed or had been in times past he would cause them to have reasonable Amends for the maintaining of Peace Love Concord and Vnity between him and his People of the Dutchy And that all Men might be satisfied of the Truth of these Letters he willed they should have Copies of them and then declared he had Sworn to maintain and make them good by the Body of Jesus Christ in the Presence of his Dear Son John Duke of Lancaster the Earls of Salisbury Warwick Hereford and many other there named Dated at Westminster in the 44th Year of his Reign on the 5th of November in the Year of our Lord 1370. Mezeray 4 F. 389. The King of France joined Religion and Eloquence to his Arms And sent Preachers abroad to justifie his Cause taking notice of these Letters tells us That to the Force of Arms the King of France joined Religion and Eloquence which could do all things on the Hearts of the People He ordered Fasts and Processions to be made all over his Kingdom and sometimes went barefoot himself with the rest when at the same time the Preachers made out his Right and Title with the Justice of his Cause and the Injustice of the English Which had two Ends the one to bring back again those French Provinces which had been yielded by the Treaty of Bretigny the other to make those that were under him willing to suffer the Contributions and all other Inconveniencies of War The Arch-Bishop of Thoulouse alone by his Persuasions and Intrigues regained above Fifty Cities and Castles in Guien amongst others that of Cahors The King of England would have practised the same Methods on his part and sent an Amnesty or General Pardon to the Gascons with an Oath upon the Sacred Body of Jesus Christ to raise no more new Imposts but all this could not reclaim those Minds that had bent themselves another way King Edward 5 Ib. c. 249. 250. Forces sent into France to the Prince Some of the Companions joined with them sent Forces over to the Prince with Edmond Earl of Cambridge his own Son and the Earl of Pembroke his Son-in-Law who with a great number of Companions under the Command of Hugh Caverley an Experienced Officer which came from Aragon Rendezvoused at Angolesm and were put all under his Command by the Prince What things of Note they did I find not Before this time 6 Ib. c. 241 242. Henry the Bastard killed Peter King of Castile and fixed himself in the Throne Henry the Bastard had by the Assistance of Peter King of Aragon the King of France and the Power of Bertrand de Guesclin and his Companions seized the Kingdom of Castile and killed King Peter and fixed himself in that Throne The King of France wrote to Henry to 7 Ib. c 276. Bertrand de Guesclin and his Companions serve the K. of France against K. Edw.
granted the last Parlement and that they might be Sworn in their presence That what was Received by them should wholly be expended upon the Wars and not otherwise and that the High Treasurer of England should receive nothing or any ways meddle herein But afterwards when they had 9 Ib. n. 21. Who were laid aside and the High Treasurer made Receiver considered what Sum the Wages of such Four Treasurers would amount unto by the year quel somme les Gaiges des sieux quatre Tresoiriers resident â—ur celle fait amonteroit per an the Commons departed from this Request and prayed the High Treasurer might be Receiver to the use of the War in manner accustomed The 1 Ib. n. 32. The Commons Petition Commons in this Parlement beseeched the King That the Patent lately granted viz. November the 4th as above by the great Council to the Major Aldermen and Commons of the City of London upon the Article That no Strange Merchant That the Patent granted to London might be granted to other Cities and Burghs ought to Sell to another Strange Merchant any Goods or Merchandise to Sell again in manner as in the said Patent is more fully contained might be renewed and granted as well to other Cities and Burghs as to them with a Charter or Clause of Confirmation Of which Patent the Copy follows Edward 3 Ib. Rot. Parl. 51 Ed. III. n. 33. The Patent it self King of England c. To whom these present Letters shall come Greeting Our Beloved and Faithful the Major Aldermen and the rest of the Citizens of the City of London by their Petition exhibited before us and our Great Council containing amongst other things That for that all Strangers do freely sell all sorts of Merchandise whatsoever within the Liberty of the said City that they may be sold again as the Citizens do whereas the said Strangers according to the Liberty of the said City anciently obtained ought not nor could so do Whereby as well the said Citizens are much impoverished and Goods and Merchandise much more dear c. for Relief of the Citizens and Common Profit of our People under a grievous Forfeiture to us to command they shall be restrained We being favourably enclined to the said Petition Will and Grant That no Stranger within the Liberty of the City aforesaid shall sell any Merchandise to a Stranger or any ways presume to do it that they may be sold again until by the Noble and Great Men of our Kingdom per Proceres Magnates Regni nostri it shall be duly debated in our next Parlement whether our present Grant may for the future redound to the Disprofit or Common Profit of our People Saving always to the Lords of our Kingdom and all others that they may buy such Merchandise of all Men in Gross for their own Vse and saving also to the German Hanse Merchants the Liberties Granted and Confirmed to them by us and our Progenitors In Witness whereof we have caused to be made these Letters Patents Witness our self at Westminster Novemb. 4. in the Year of our Reign of England 50th of France 37th The Answer to the Petition above with which this Patent was delivered and presented by the Commons was Le Roy 4 Ibm. Ro. The Answer to the Petition voet estre informe The King will be informed At the same time the 5 Ib. n. 34. A Petition of the Commons and Citizens of London about their Corner Commons with the Mayor Aldermen and Commons of the City of London Petition the King That for divers Mischiefs that often happened in the said City by reason the Coroner was not Justiciable nest pas justisable by the Major Aldermen or other Officers That they might chuse a Coroner of themselves and remove him when they pleased as it was practised in many Cities and Towns of the Land they answering to the King in manner as appertained to the said Office The King's Answer was Le Roy 6 Ibm. my voet mye depart a son ancien Droit The King The King's Answer to it will not depart from his ancient Right The Commons Petition the 7 Ibm n 35. The Commons Petition that Foreigners might be removed out of the Land c. King That for many Causes well known to his Privy Council as to them That it would be profitable to the Kingdom that all manner of Foreigners were commanded out of it during the Wars unless they were Merchants and Artificers which were not Adherents to his Enemies and such as their stay were advantageous to the Reaalm and for that he was their Liege Lord pur le que voz esterz nostre Seigneur Liege c. and had the Power of doing Justice in Right of his Crown in all things Temporal within his Kingdom and that they have no Obedience of any thing Temporal but to him as their King and Liege Lord That he would please to Order and Command That none of his Lieges be Farmer or Servant to any that have Estates in England unless to such as inhabit there or such as were in his Legiance and had special Leave to live out of the Kingdom And that he would please to Command his Sage Council to add more to this matter that might be needful for the Amendment and Profit of his Kingdom And they all his said Commons make Protestations before God Himself and all the Prelates and Clercs which were at that Parlement That their Intent and Will was That the True Estate of Holy Church shall not by them be Blemished in any Point but otherwise preserved and kept safe according to your Pleasure The Answer was Le Roy les 8 Ibm. Ro. The King's Answer Grantz de la Terre s'adviserent en ordeneront que mien y soit Affoire The King and the Great Men of the Land will Advise and order what is best to be done And further in this case they Petition 9 Ibm. n. 36. They Petition against Provisors That all Provisors of Benefices from Rome and that their Officers or Servants may be put out of the King's Protection if they Sue Prosecute or any way Disturb or cause to be Excommunicated the True Patrons This was the Answer The Pope hath promised Redress 1 Ibm. The King's Answer and if he makes it not the Laws in this case shall be in force Amongst their Petitions in this Parlement we find the 2 Ibm. n. 75. The Commons pray the Judgment against the Lord Latimer may be reversed Commons pray the King and Noble Lords of Parlement That whereas in the last Parlement by untrue Suggestions and without due Process the Lord Latimer one of the Peers of the Realm and sufficient to be of the King's Council as well for his Wars as otherwise was outed of all Offices and Privy Council with the King estoit oustrez de toutz Offices des Privez Consielx entrour le
Roy That he may by Award of this present Parlement be restored to his former Estate and Degree to the great Profit of the Kingdom The King 3 Ibm. Ro. The King grants their Prayerâ— willeth at the Prayer of several Prelates and Lords of Parlement d'aucuns Prelates Seigneurs de Parlement and also at the Prayer of the Commons In the last Day of the Parlement when the Petitions of the Commons had been read and answered the Speaker Sir Thomas 4 Ibm. n. 87. The Speaker prays That the Judgments against all such who had been Impeached last Parlement might be reversed Hungerford said before the Prelates Lords and Commons That whereas many People as well Men as Women had been Impeached in the last Parlement without due Process and were Judged in certain Peynes and foreclosed of the commune Liberty which every Loyal Subject ought to enjoy and therefore prayed it would please his Majesty to restore them to their former Estates Dignities and all other things notwithstanding those Judgments The King presently demanded If their Request was made for all that were impeached And he answered Their Request was all It was then told them They must declare distinctly in Writing for whom and why they Petitioned And presently the same Day Seven Bills i. e. Petitions were delivered to the Clerk of the Parlement whereof the first Two do here follow To our most 5 Ibm. n. 88. The same Prayer for the impeached Persons in particular Dread and Noble Lord our Lord the King pray the Commons of your Realm That whereas your Liege Rich. Lyon by hasty Process was adjudged to the Tower of London during your Majesty's Pleasure That it would please your Gracious Lordship que ple a vostre Graciouse Seigneurie to Grant him your Favour to be restored to the Law his Goods Lands and Tenements for according to Law no cause of Forfeiture could be found in him To their 6 Ibm. n. 89. most Dread and Gracious Lord the King and his Sage Council in this present Parlement his Commons make Supplication supplient ses Comunes That whereas Alice Perrers by untrue Suggestion and undue Process was in the last Parlement foreclosed of the Common Liberty which every Loyal Liege of the King as well Men as Women ought freely to enjoy unless they be convict of a Crime or evil Deed for which they are to forfeit it they would please for the Love of God and right Justice to have Consideration That the said Alice was never present in Parlement nor otherwise duly admitted to answer any thing for which she was Judged and for this cause to repeal the Judgment if any were and cause her to be restored entirely to her former Estate the said Judgment or any Prohibition made against the said Alice in the same Parlement notwithstanding The other Five Bills or Petitions were according to this Form for five other Persons namely John de Leycester Adam de Bury Walter Sporier John Peachy of London and William Ellys of Yarmouth But there was not nor could be any Answer made to them The Parlement ended 7 Ibm. n. 95. because the Parlement ended the same Day before any thing could be done in them Sitting this Parlement the 8 Claus 51 Edw. III. M. 16. King was informed the French were gotten to Sea and had done much hurt upon the Coasts wherefore he endeavoured to prolong the Truce To which purpose on the 20th of 9 Rot. Fran. 51 Ed. III. M. 7. Feb. he appointed several Commissioners to Treat with the Commissioners of the King of France before the Pope's Legates but nothing was done in the matter the Legates only propounded a Match between Richard Prince of Wales and Mary the King of France his Daughter And afterwards there The Truce continued was another Meeting of Commissioners at Monstreul without other effect than continuing the Truce until the first of May next following as was before noted out of Holinshed Mezeray 1 Fol. 394. says King Edward was now much desirous of Peace and was willing to relinquish many Articles of the Treaty of Bretigny but was prevented by Death On the 26th of April another 2 Rot. Fran. 51 Ed III. M. 3. Commission was made to the Bishop of St. Davids John Bishop of Hereford and others by which Power was given them to Treat at Monstreul with the French Commissioners and to compose all Differences Wars and Contentions But by reason of Jealousie and Suspicion the Commissioners had one of another they never met This Year John 3 Wals f. 191 192. Knighton col 2647. n. 10. Wyclif was convented before the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury and Bishop of London for his Opinions contrary to the Opinions of those Times at the Black-Friers London where were present John Duke of Lancaster and the Lord Percy How Wycliff behaved himself at this time See the lâ—tter end of Church Affairs in this Reign The Citizens of London their Rage against John Duke of Lancaster The Duke gave the Bishop of London some harsh words which gave the Citizens such Disturbance that they in a great Tumult would have murdered him and pulled down or set fire to his House called the Savoy had not the Bishop interposed and kept them from doing it To save himself he left his Dinner and gat privately away to Kemington near Lambeth where the Prince was with his Mother So that not finding him they only in the Streets reversed his Arms as if he had been a Traitor For 4 Holinsh f. 412. n. 30. Hypod. Nâ—â—str f. 53. n. 40. King Edward's Death this the present Major and Aldermen were put out of their Places and others put in by the Duke's Power who then in the King's Weakness and Infirmities was his Assistant and Viceroy and had Directed all the Affairs of the Nation for some time of which Infirmities and Sickness daily encreasing 5 Wals Hist f. 192. n. 30. Hypod. Neustr f. 531. n. 50. he Died at his House of Shene June 21. 1377. having Reigned 50 Years 4 Months and 28 Days Church-Affairs THE old Controversie was still continued inter Regnum Sacerdotium between the Secular and Ecclesiastic Governments or between the King and Pope concerning the Regalia in Church Matters and concerning the Clergy In the 4th of his Reign the King 1 Append. n. 97. wrote to the Pope which was John XXII concerning the Treasury of York having been given by Provision to a Cardinal against the Rights of his Crown and Prerogative and to the inestimable Damage of the Kingdom that he would revoke his Provision and supplicates him to direct the Cardinal not to contend against William de Maza his Clerk that was in Possession of it by his Presentation about such a Novelty and Vsurpation it being his and always had been the Right of his Progenitors in the Vacancy of the Arch-Bishoprick and to strengthen that Right vouches a Precedent in the
Prey About this time the Duke of Lancaster desired to have the Money The Duke of Lancaster equips a great Fleet. granted the last Parlement upon promise to secure the Kingdom from Invasion of all Enemies for one Year and to do some other great Good to the Nation which at length he obtained and provided a great Fleet and also for his Assistance hired Nine Ships at Bayon which in coming hither encountred a Fleet of Spaniards and took Fourteen Ships laden with Wine and other Merchandise Henry the Bastard that called himself King of Spain hearing Henry the Bastard King of Spain prepares a great Fleet to opposehim what those of Bayon had done and that the Duke of Lancaster was putting to Sea with a great Fleet and Force fearing him by reason of his Title to his Kingdom prepared a great Navy to oppose him and if he could to take him Prisoner The Duke The Duke delayed his putting to Sea The English Fleet beatenâ— by the Spaniards delayed the time of his putting to Sea the Chief Officers of the Fleet were disturbed at it and sailed without him and having been some days at Sea met the Spanish Fleet by which they were beaten and Sir Hugh Courtney a Famous Soldier taken with many others This Misfortune says Walsingham was imputed to the Duke for that he made such long Delays but whether he was in Fault knew not And while he was thus Dilatory John Mercer a Scot with a Ships taken out of Scarburgh Haven by John Mercer a Scot. J. Philpot sets out Men of War at his own Charge Takes Mercer with all his own and 15 Spanish Ships that had joined him Was questioned for it but discharged small Force of French Scots and Spaniards took some Ships in Scarburgh Haven killing some of the Mariners and carried them with him to Sea John Philpot a rich Citizen of London considering the Negligence if not the Falsity of those who were to defend the Nation and provide against such Inconveniencies at his own Charge set out some Men of War which met with Mercer and 15 Spanish Ships that had joined him and behaving themselves bravely took him and all the Ships with him recovering the Ships that were taken at Scarburgh and taking great Riches in the Spanish and other Ships John Philpot was taxed by the Lords for presuming to set forth Men of War without Advice of the King's Council but he made such a Defence before the Earl of Stafford and others that called him to account as he was suffered to depart without further Trouble for that matter Still the Duke delayed his going to Sea it not being known for what Reason until the Spring and beginning of Summer were over but by his Persuasion the Earls of Salisbury and Arundel set sail and landed in Normandy who compounded with the King of Navarre then become Enemy to the King of France for the Town and Port of Cherburgh then very considerable in The King of Navarre sells Cherburgh in Normandy to the English The Duke of Lancaster puts to Sea Lands in Britany Returns ingloriously which was placed a Garrison of English and so the Earls returned At length the Duke of Lancaster went to Sea and with him the Earls of Buckingham Stafford Warwick and others of the English Nobility with a great Force they landed in Britany where Sir Robert Knolls burnt several Towns and lost many of his stoutest Men. The Duke besieged St. Malo but it was so well defended as he raised the Siege and returned home Walsingham says at first the Townsmen would have yielded so as the Town might have been preserved from being burnt and plundered The Duke would not accept it but upon Discretion and that he might do with it what he pleased In the mean time the French landed in Cornwal and burnt Fowey or Foy and The French land in Cornwal Burn Foy and other Towns A Truce between the English Scots who had burnt Roxburgh c. and several other Towns without Resistance The Scots taking the Advantage of the present time burnt Roxburgh and spoiled the Country thereabout whereupon a Truce was made between the English and them for some time On 8 Rot. Parl. 2 Ric. II. n. 1 2. Part 1. A Parlement at Glocester The Scots make Alliance with the French Thursday the 21st of October it having met the Day before the Parlement sate at Gloucester in the Great Hall of the Abby there The Bishop of St. Davids then Lord Chancellor declared the cause of Summons wherein he took notice of what had been done by the Scots at Roxburgh and that since 9 Ibm. n. 7. notwithstanding the Truce they had made Alliance with the French against England Next Day Monsieur Richard le Scrop Steward of the Houshold enlarged upon the Causes of Calling the Parlement and making excuse for his own Inability 1 Ibm. n. 15. Declaration of Summons told the Prelates Lords and Commons as the Chancellor had said before That the Nation was encompassed with Enemies who daily encreased That the Ports of Cherburgh and Brest which of a long time had not been in the hands of the English besides Calais Burdeaux and Bayon with the Countries about them were very chargeable to maintain Calais with its Marches or Limits about it stood the King in 24000 l. every Year and Brest 12000 Marcs and the other three Places according to the same Rate Afterwards 2 Ibm. n. 16 The Speaker's Request and Protestation in behalf of himself and Commons Sir James Pickering Speaker of the House of Commons with the Commons came before the King Prelates and Lords in Parlement puis le Comunes reviendrent devant le Roy les Prelates en Parlement illoeques Monsieur James de Pickering c. making Protestation as well for himself as for the whole Commons of England First for the Commons That if he should utter any thing to the Prejudice Damage Slander or Disgrace of the King or his Crown or in lessening the Honour or Estate of the Great Lords it might not be taken notice of by the King and that the Lords would hold it for nothing as if nothing had been said primerment pur la dite Comune que si per cas il y dist choses que purreit soner en Prejudice Damage Esclandre ou Villaine de nostre Seigneur le Roy ou de sa Corone ou en anientisement del Honour Estate des Grants Seigneurs du Roialm que ce ne feust acceptez par le Roy les Seigneurs eins teâ—â—â— pur nul come Riens nent este dit for that the Commons soveraignly desired soveraignment desirent to maintain the Honour and Estate of the King and the Rights of the Crown in all Points As also to preserve the Reverence due to the Lords in all Parts So much for the Commons For his own Person he made Protestation That if by Indiscretion he
Meeting 3 Ib. n. 3 4. The Cause of Summons saying it could not be unknown to them That the Earl of Buckingham had been sent over into France with an Army which had cost the King more then was given him last Parlement besides the Expedition into Scotland the Defence of The King's Necessities and great Charge Forced to Pawn his Jewels Guien and his Charge in Ireland had put him to so great Expences as he had been forced to pawn his Jewels the Subsidy of Wooll's coming to little by reason of the present Riot or Confusion in Flanders That the Soldiers in the Marches of Calais Brest and Cherburgh were in Arrear more then Three months and there was fear they might desert for want of their Pay That they were to Consider the King was mightily in Debt That he was bound by Covenant and Indenture to pay the Earl of Buckingham and others in that Expedition for another half year which was near ended and that the King was to be at a very great Charge for Guarding the Coasts And at last desires them to Advise the King how this Charge might be born with the most Ease and the Kingdom best defended against all its Enemies by Land and by Sea in as short time as they could And when the 4 Ib. n. 10. The Commons with with their Speaker in presence of the King Prelates and Lords Desire to know what Sum was demanded to supply the King's Necessity Commons had Treated one day about their Charge Et Apres les dites Comunes avoient entre comuner tretes un jour de lour dit charge they returned into the Parlement in presence of the King Prelates and Lords and there Monsieur John Gildesburgh Kt. their Speaker demanded a more clear Declaration of what had been said to them and especially what Sum they would demand to support the Charge praying no more might be required then was necessary illoeges Monsieur Johan Gildesburgh Chivaler quavoit les paroles pur la Comune demandast de par la Comune illoeque davoir pluis clere Declaration de leur dite per especial de la some totale quelle leur verroit ore demander pur les ditz charges supporter empriantz que celle somme fuist tielment modefiez que pluis ny fust demandez que ne convendroit necessairement for that the Commons were poor and of small Estate to bear the Charge any longer 5 Ib. n. 11. The Sum demanded was 160000 l. whereupon a Schedule was delivered in by the King 's great Officers and Council containing the Sums necessary which amounted to One hundred and sixty thousand Pounds Sterling The Commons pray 6 Ib. n. 12. The Commons think it an Outrageous and importable Sum. And pray the Prelates and Lords would Treat and Propound the Ways how a portable Sum might be levied the King and Lords la Comune empriantz a nostre Seigneur le Roy as Seigneurs du Parlement for that they thought the Sum demanded was much outrageous que la somme de eulx ore demandez si est moelt outrageous and importable That they would use such moderation as nothing might be demanded but what was portable and necessary now to have for the Causes above set forth And further they pray That the Prelates and Lords would Treat by themselves about the Matter and propound the Ways by which any such Sum portable might be levied and collected After the 7 Ib. n. â—3 The Lords cause the Commons to come before them Lords had advised about the Matter they caused the Commons to come before them ils firent la Comune venir autre foitz devant eulx and told them what they had thought on First That a certain Sum of Groats might be granted of every Person of the Kingdom Males and Females the more sufficient to help the less sufficient Secondly if that pleased And propound several Ways of raising Money to them not to have for a term an Imposition upon all manner of Merchandises bought and sold thro the Realm every time they should be sold to be paid by the Vendor And Thirdly Their Advice was to raise a certain Sum by Tenths and Fifteenths But because the last were very grievous to the poor Commons a la poure Comune and that Impositions had never been tried before nor could it be known to what Sum they would rise nor in what time a notable Sum might be raised and therefore the Lords pitched upon the Groats and propounded four or five to be levied upon every Person as above so as the most able might be constrained to assist the less able This way of Tallage seeming to them the best and most easie The 8 Ib. n. 14. The Commons desire One Third of the Tax might be born by the Clergy Commons when they had a long time Treated upon the manner of the Levy they came into Parlement and made Protestation they came not to grant any thing that day but they thought if the Clergie would support a Third part of the Charge they would grant 100000 l. to be raised by a certain number of Groats so as the Laity might pay 100000 Marks and the Clergie 50000 for that they possessed a Third part of the Kingdom and prayed the King and Temporal Lords to move it to them speedily to resolve and take upon them the Charge To which the Clergie 9 Ibm. The Clergy claim the Liberty of the Church and affirm their Grants ought not to be made in Parlement Replied That their Grants were never made in Parlement nor ought to be and that the Laymen neither ought or could constrain them in that Case and claim the Liberty of the Church which it had enjoyed before that time and desire the Commons might be charged to do what they ought and were bound to do come ils deivent sont Tenuz del faire and they would do in the present necessity as they had done before At last the 1 Ib. n. 15. Three Groats granted upon every Person Lords and Commons agreed to give Three Groats of every Person of the Kingdom Males and Females of the Age of Fifteen years of what Condition and Estate soever they were except very Beggars The Sufficient People in every Town to contribute to the assistance of the less able so as none paid above Sixty Groats including those for himself and Wife The whole to be for the Support of the Earl of Buckingham and the other Lords and People with him in Britan and for Defence of the Kingdom and Safeguard of the Sea Two parts to be paid Fifteen days after St. Hillary and the other at Whitsunday next after No Knights Citizens or Burgesses of this Parlement to be Collectors of this Money but that the King would order thro the Kingdom such as should equally levy it according to the meaning of this Grant Toward the latter end of this Fourth year of Richard the
the Cause of Summons Two ways propounded to deal with the Enemies of the Kingdom further Declaration of the cause of Summons and propounded Two ways to deal with the Enemies of the Kingdom one by making use of the Flemings who offered their Service and the other to close with the profer of Monsieur Despaign or Duke of Lancaster who offered to go into Spain for half a year with 2000 Men at Arms and as many Archers if he might have 43000 l. to pay them for which he would oblige himself to repay either in Money or Service These Matters being of so high a Nature 9 Ib. n. 14. The Commons desire such Lords as they named to Confer with them about their Charge the Commons make their Request to the Lords to have such as they named to Commune with them about their Charge which Request was granted and the Lords Names entered upon the Roll. The Lords and Commons 1 Ib. n. 15. A Fifteenth and Tenth granted upon Conference granted a Fifteenth and Tenth by reason of the great danger the Nation was in for the Defence of it against the great Preparations of the French to be imployed as the King by Advice of his Council and the Lords of the Realm should think fit After this the 2 Ib. n. 23. The Lords inclinable to the Duke of Lancaster's Proposal Duke of Lancaster's Profer came again into Consideration upon which the Question was put to every particular Prelate Earl Baron and Baneret whether they thought his Voyage into Spain with the number of Soldiers propounded would be profitable to the King and Realm or not They thought it might be so only believing the Force too small to make War with so strong a Kingdom At this time 3 Mezeray A D. 1381 1382. great Riots and Tumults in France and Flanders The King of France subdues a great part of Flanders there were great Riots Tumults and Rebellions in France and Flanders The Flemings had driven their Earl out of his Country he applies himself to the King of France as his Sovereign Lord for Relief They crave Assistance of the King of England The King of France marched into Flanders and subdued a great part of the Country The Earl besieged Gaunt which was the Head of the Rebellion and in danger to be taken To prevent the King of France his further Progress in Flanders his Designs against England and his Preparations to besiege Calais as he had been informed 4 Rot. Clause 6 Ric. II. Part 1. M. 4. Dors King Richard offers to go in Person with an Army into France as it is said in the Writ of Summons to another Parlement this year to be held on Monday in the third week of Lent was the chief cause of calling it And the Bishop of London Lord Chancellor declared further the King had offered to go in Person into France with a Royal Army but since that he received news the French had over-run all Flanders except Gaunt and therefore this Parlement was 5 Rot. Parl. 6 Ric. II. Part 2. n. 2 3. called for Advice whether the King should go in Person to the Relief of Gaunt and Recovery of Flanders and how to provide wherewithall for the Performance After the Commons had advised two or three days sur lour charge upon their Charge it being so great and so highly concerned his Person they 6 Ib. n. 8. The Commons pray some Lords named by them to Treat with them prayed the King to grant certain Prelates Earls and Lords named by them to Treat with them about it viz. The Arch-Bishop of Canterbury the Bishops of Ely and Hereford the Earls of Cambridge Stafford and Northumberland the Lords Nevill Fitz-Walter and Cobham The which Prelates Earls and Lords the King granted to Treat with the Commons 7 Ibm. The King granted their Prayer tho it was in his choice to assign them or name others combien que feust est doit estre en le Election de nostre dit seigneur le Roy d'assigner a ce les ditz Prelates Seigneurs issuit nomez ou autres a sa propre nomination altho it was is and ought to be in the Election of the King to assign the Prelates and Lords for this purpose or others of his own proper Nomination When the Commons had 8 Ib. n. 9. The Commons say the ordering of the King's Voyage belongs not to them Treated long with the Prelates and Lords they by James Pickering their Speaker said The King's Passage and the Ordaining of his Voyage or any other great Voyage belonged not to them but to the King himself and Lords yet 9 Ib. n. 10. But they say neither he nor any of his Three Uncles ought to leave the Kingdom at that time by way of Advice and not by Counsell seeing what Troubles were in every part of the Land and that the Accord and Truce with the Scots were near at an end and they were raising great Force toward the Borders and it being doubtful whether they would now comply with any Proposals of Peace or Truce unless driven to it they thought neither himself nor any of his Three Vncles of Lancaster Cambridge or Buckingham could be spared out of the Kingdom until that and the Borders aforesaid were well quieted and settled But advised him to accept of the Bishop of Norwich his 1 Ib. n. 11. They advise the King to accept the Bishop of Norwich his offer for the Relief of Flanders profer of raising 3000 Men at Arms and 3000 Archers well mounted to Relieve Gaunt Reduce Flanders and afterward to War in France upon condition he might have the Fifteenth and Tenth granted by the Layety and Clergy and the 2 s. per Tun upon Wine and Sixpence in the Pound upon Goods for the Guard of the Sea The 2 Ib. n. 19. They pray the King certain Lords might be assigned to be about his Person to advise him c. Commons pray the King That for his Honour and Profit and the Quiet and Comfort of themselves of his great Grace he would please to Command that certain Lords might be assigned to be about his Person of the most Wise Honest and Discreet Persons of the Kingdom to advise and counsel him and further That he would please by advice of the Lords so to order his Houshold that he might live upon the Revenues of his Realm and that the Subsidy of Wooll Money arising from Wards Marriages and Escheates might be imployed to support the War c. The King 3 Ibm. The King's Answer answered That he would take such sufficient Persons Lords and others about his Person as seemed to him most for his Honour and Profit and as to the Government of his House it should be done by the Advice of the Lords and others of his Council in such good order as should seem best saving his Honour The Bishop of Norwich 4 Ib. n. 20.
for there is nothing of this Accusation on the Parlement-Roll About the 6 Wals f. 310. n. 30. A. D. 1385. 8 Ric. II. The Duke of Lancaster goes into France makes only a Truce for 3 quarters of a year His extravagant Expences beginning of August the Duke of Lancaster went into France to Treat about a Peace or Truce He staid there long with many Noblemen and made a Truce only to the first of May next coming and then returned after the Expence of 50000 Marks While the * Ib. n. 40 50. John of Northampton's Trial and Judgment Duke was in France the King called many of the Noblemen together at Reding where John of Northampton was Tried for his late Practices in London when he was Convicted by the Testimony of his Clerc and Sentence was to be given upon him in the King's Presence He said such Judgment ought not to pass upon him in the Absence of his Lord the Duke which brought ill Suspicions upon him The Judge told him That he was to acquit himself by Duel of the Crimes laid against him or by the Laws of the Land to be Drawn Hanged and Quartered To which making no Answer he was condemned to perpetual Prison above 100 Miles from London and sent to Tintagel-Castle in Cornwal and the Goods to be seized to his King's Use Some time after the King * Ibm. f. 314. n. 50. The Duke of Lancaster was to have been Arraigned of High-Treason intending to Arraign the Duke of Lancaster upon several Articles of Treason before Sir Robert Trisilian Lord Chief Justice whereas he ought to have been Tried by his Peers he Victualled and Manned his Castle of Pontfract and stood upon his Guard until his Peace was made by the Princess of Wales his Mother On the 7 Rot. Parl. 8 Ric. II. n. 1 2 3. A Parlement The cause of Summons morrow of St. Martin or 12th of November a Parlement assembled at Westminster The Chancellor shewed the King's great Care of the Church Commons and Laws of England and further shewed how the Nation was invironed with Enemies the French Spaniards Scots and Flemings and that the chief cause of calling the Parlement was to provide for the Safety and Defence of the Kingdom and to consider how this Provision might best and most speedily be made and so as the poor People might be least burthened and withal let them know the King offered to go in his own Person for Defence of the Kingdom against any Enemy by the Advice of his Council These things considered 8 Ibm. n. 10. Two 15ths granted the Lords and Commons granted the King for the Defence of the Kingdom the Safeguard of the Sea and Marches of Scotland Two Fifteenths one to be paid at Lady-Day next coming the other at Midsummer upon condition that the last half Fifteenth granted at Salisbury might not be paid And in case the King went not in his own Person against his Enemies or that Peace or Truce should be made with them then the latter of these Two Fifteenths not to be Levied In this Parlement 9 Ibm. n. 13. The Judgment against Alice Perrers repealed Alice Perrers the Wife of Sir William Windsor petitioned to have the Judgment and Order made against her in the 50th of Edward III. and the Judgment and Statute made against her in the first of this King to be repealed and that she might be restored to all her Lands and Tenements 1 Ibm. Ro. Which was granted by Advice and Assent of the Lords and Commons so as the Gifts and Grants of any of the Lands Tenements and Houses repealed may remain in force There is nothing more concerning Scotland and England in our Historians for this Year but alternate Invasions as they found or made Opportunities and burning and plundering each others Countries Next Year 2 Knight col 2674 n. 60. The French and Scots join to invade England John de Vienna Admiral of France came from thence with a great Fleet and in June transported an Army into Scotland to join with the Scots to invade England The King prepares an Army to march into Scotland and sends the Duke of Lancaster with a good Force before to secure the Borders 3 Ibm. col 2675. n. 10. The King marcheth into Scotland with a great Army On the 7th of July the King was at Leicester and the Queen with him and there went before came with and followed him the Flower of the English Militia Earls Barons Knights Esquires Valets and others to a vast Number With this Royal Army the King marched into Scotland but could not find the Scots or at least could not follow them into the Woods Forests Fastnesses or the High-lands whither they drove with them their great Cattel 4 Ib. n. 20 30 40. The Scots fly into the Woods and High-lands Finding nothing in the Country he burnt Edinburgh and many other Towns cut down Woods and burnt them likewise While these things were doing by the English toward the High-lands about Edinburgh and in the East-Marches the Scots and French slipt the English entred the The French and Scots march into England West-Marches burnt Penreth plundered the Country took many Captives and made an Attempt upon Carlisle but hearing of the coming of the English got again into their own Country 5 Wals f. 317. n. 30. and do more Mischief there than the King with his Army did in Scotland A mighty Fleet prepared by carrying more out of England than the King with his Royal Army carried out of Scotland While the English Army was in Scotland the King of France was providing a mighty Fleet and Army at Sluis in Flanders to invade England Froysart 6 Vol. 2. cap. 53 53 54. the King of France to invade England says this Navy was Twelve hundred and eighty seven Ships in September 1386. at Sluis and Blanqueberg and adds since God created the World there was never seen so many great Ships together The Land-Forces were according to this mighty Fleet and the King having notice of these vast Preparations provided accordingly both by Sea and Land to intercept them or hinder their Descent 7 Ibm. c. 59. The Wind held contrary so as they could not pass toward England until after St. Andrew or 30th of November when a Council being called it was resolved it being so late in the Year the Expedition was laid aside until April or May following 8 Ib. c. 60. Froysard says he had an Account of the great Provision the Dauphin of Avergn made for this Voyage from himself In the 9th of this King a Parlement was 9 Claus 9 Ric. II. M. 45 Dors A. D. 1386. holden at Westminster on the Friday next after St. Luke in which the Lords Great Men and the Communities of Counties Cities and Burghs 1 Rot. Parl. 9 Ric. II. n. 10. A Tax granted for the Duke of Lancaster's Voyage into Spain Memorandum
the King and his Kingdom After this 5 Ibm. col 2705. n. 10 20 30. Many sent to Prison Others removed from Court the King commanded many there named to be sent to the Castles of Nottingham Dover Bristol Rochester Glocester c. to be kept until next Parlement to answer their Demerits There were also then Removed from the Court John de Fordham Bishop of Durham the Lords Beaumont Zouch Burnel and Lovell Sir Thomas Camoys the Son of the Lord Clifford Sir Baldwin Bereford the Bishop of Chichester the King's Confessor the Lady Mohun the Lady Poynings and the Lady Molineux 6 Ibm. col 2706. n. 10. The Judges taken off the Benches and sent to the Tower And on the first Day of the Parlement Sir Roger Fulthrop Sir Robert Belknap Sir John Cary Sir John Holt Sir William Burgh all Judges and John Loketon Serjeant at Law were taken off the Benches doing their Offices and sent to the Tower On the 17th of 7 Claus 11 Ric. II. M. 24. Dors A Parlement called The Cause of Summons Decemb. Writs were issued for a Parlement to meet on the 3d of February or on the morrow of the Purification of the Virgin Mary next coming On that Day Thomas Fitz-Alan Bishop of Ely and Chancellor of England Brother to the Earl of Arundel from whence his Name of de Arundel from that Title declared the cause of Summons to be 8 Rot. Parl. 11 Ric. II. n. 1. part 1. To consider by what means the Troubles in the Kingdom for want of good Government might be ended the King better Advised the Realm better Governed Misdemeanours more severely punished and good Men better encouraged how the Kingdom best defended the Sea best kept the Marches of Scotland best guarded Guyen preserved and how the Charges of these things was most easily to be born And then gave notice That who would complain in that Parlement of such things as could not well be redressed by the Common Law might carry their Petitions to the Clercs in Chancery there named appointed to receive them Thomas Duke of Glocester 9 Ibm. n. 6. The Duke of Glocester's suspicion of himself The King declares him not guilty kneeled before the King and said he understood the King had been informed that he was about to depose him and make himself King and profered to stand to the Award of his Peers in Parlement The King declared openly That he did not think him Guilty and had him fully excused The Lords Spiritual and Temporal then present * Ibm. n. 7. claimed as their Liberty and Franchise That all great Matters moved in that Parlement and to be moved in other Parlements in time to come touching Peers of the Land should be discussed and judged by the course of Parlement and not by the Law Civil or the Common Law of the Land used in lower Courts of the Kingdom Which Claim Liberty and Franchise the King benignement kindly allowed and granted in full Parlement The Five 1 Ibm. n. 8. The Protestation of the 5 Lords Appellants Lords Appellants Thomas Duke of Glocester Henry Earl of Derby Richard Earl of Arundel Thomas Earl of Warwic and Thomas Earl of Nottingham and Earl-Marshal made open Protestation in full Parlement That what they did touching their Appeal and Suit in that Parlement and had done before and all the Men and People being in their Company or of their Retinue or Assembly and with them in all that Affair was done principally to the Honour of God and in Aid and Safety of the King and all his Kingdom and the Safety of their Lives The Lords and Commons 2 Ibm. n. 11. Half a 10th and half a 15th granted granted half a Tenth and half a Fifteenth before the Parlement ended with Protestation That it was done of Necessity and that it might be no Prejudice to the Lords and Commons in time to come because it was granted And further they pray the King That notwithstanding the Grant so made the Parlement might hold on its course and be Adjourned if need were and that all things touching the said Parlement might be done and executed as if the Grant had not been made until the end of the Parlement in manner accustomed And the King granted their Request as a thing he ought to do of Reason Friday the 21st of March which was the 46th Day of Parlement 3 Ibm. n. 12. in fine The Prelates Lords and Commons swear the Prelates Lords and Commons made the Oath following upon the Cross of Canterbury in full Parlement Tou shall 4 Append. n. 106. Their Oath Swear That you will keep and cause to be kept the good Peace Quiet and Tranquillity of the Kingdom And if any will do to the contrary thereof you shall oppose and disturb him to the utmost of your Power And if any People will do any thing against the Bodies of the Persons of the Five Lords that is to say Thomas Duke of Glocester Henry Earl of Derby Richard Earl of Arundel and Surrey Thomas Earl of Warwic and Thomas Earl-Marshal or any of them you shall stand with them to the end of this present Parlement and maintain and support them with all your Power to live and die with them against all Men no Person or any other thing excepted saving always your Legiance to the King and the Prerogative of his Crown the Laws and good Customs of the Kingdom The Lords and Commons grant to the King in Defence of the The Subsidy of Leather Wooll c. Realm a Subsidy upon Leather Wooll and Woollfells 5 Rot. Parl. 117 Ric. II. n. 16. granted upon condition upon Condition the Five Lords Appellants should have out of it 20000 l. by Assent and Grant of the King for their Costs and Labour and Expences before that time for the Honour Profit and Safety of the King and whole Kingdom The Commons 6 Ib. n. 23. The Commons Request to the King pray That no Person of what Estate soever do intermeddle with the Business of the Kingdom nor the Council of the King but those assigned in his Parlement unless it be by Order of the Continual Council And prayed also That they might have Power to remove all Persons from the King which they thought fit to remove and put others in their Places As to the first Point of this Article 7 Ibm. Ro. His Answer le Roy le voet the King granteth it As to the second if any Lord of the Council or other Lord of the Kingdom will inform the King that he had about him any Person not Sufficient or Honest he willeth That if it be proved he shall be put away and removed and another Sufficient by Advice of himself put in his Place In this 8 Ib. part 2. Alexander A Bp. of York the Duke of Ireland and Earl of Suffolk accused Parlement Thomas Duke of Glocester Constable of England Henry Earl of Derby
Richard Earl of Arundel and Surrey Thomas Earl of Warwic and Thomas Earl-Marshal did accuse and appeal Alexander Arch-Bishop of York Robert de Vere Duke of Ireland and Michael de la Pole Earl of Suffolk saying I. That as False Traitors and Enemies to the King and Kingdom taking Advantage of his tender Age and the Innocency of his Person informed him and put upon him for Truth false things of their own Invention against Loyalty and Good Faith and made him entirely their own so as they had his Love firm Faith and Credit while he hated his Loyal Lords and Lieges by whom he ought to have been Governed And encroaching to themselves Royal Power in Disfranchising the King en Defranchisantz nostre dit Seigneur le Roy blemishing his Sovereignty and lessening his Prerogative and Royalty and made him so Obedient as he was Sworn to be Governed Counselled and Conducted by them by virtue of which Oath they kept him in Obedience to their false Imaginations and mischievous Deeds contained in the following Articles II. Also whereas the King is not bound to make any Oath but on the Day of his Coronation or for the Common Profit of himself and Kingdom the aforesaid Alexander Robert and Michael False Traitors and Enemies to the King and Realm made him Swear and Assure them That he would Maintain Support and Live and Die with them And also whereas the King ought to be of more free Condition than any other of his Kingdom they have put him more in Servitude than any one against his Honour Estate and Royalty against their Legiance as Traitors to him III. Also the said Robert Michael and Alexander by the Assent and Counsel of Robert Tresilian false Justice and Nicholas de Brembre false Knight of London by their false Contrivance would not suffer the Great Men of the Kingdom nor good Counsellors to come near the King nor would suffer him to speak with him unless in their Presence and Hearing accroaching to themselves Royal Power Lordship and Soveraignty upon the Person of the King to the great Dishonour and Peril of the King the Crown and his Realm IV. Also the said Alexander Robert Michael Robert Tresilian false Justice and Nicholas de Brembre false Knight of London by their false Wickedness evilly advised the King so as his appearance he ought to make to the Great Lords and his People Liege and the Favours and Right to which they requested his Answer were not to be obtained but at their Pleasure and Allowance in staying the King from his Duty and against his Oath and turning the Hearts of the Great Lords from him with Design to estrange his Heart from the Peers of the Land to have amongst them the sole Government of the Kingdom V. Also by the said Encroachment of Robert de Vere Duke of Ireland and Michael de la Pole by the Advice and Counsel of Alexander Arch-Bishop of York caused the King without Assent of the Kingdom by their Abetments without any Deserts of the Persons to give divers Lordships Castles Towns and Mannors as well annexed to his Crown as others as the Land of Ireland the Town of Okeham and the Forest thereof and other Lands which were the Lord Audley's and other great Estates to the said Robert de Vere and others whereby they are greatly enriched and the King become poor and had not wherewith to support and bear the Charges of the Kingdom unless by Impositions Taxes and Tributes put upon his People in Disheriting his Crown and undoing the Realm VI. Also by the Encroachment of the said Alexander Robert and Michael by the Assent and Advice of Robert Tresilian false Justice and Nicholas Brembre false Knight of London caused the King to give divers Lands Mannors Tenements Reâ—â—â— Offices and Bailiwics to People of their Kinred and other Persons of whom they received great Bribes and also to make them of their Party in their false Quarrels and Purposes as in the Case of Robert Manfield Clerc John Blake Thomas Vske and others to the undoing of the King and Kingdom VII Also Robert de Vere c. Michael de la Pole c. Alexander Arch-Bishop c. by Assent and Counsel of Nicholas Brembre c. encroaching to themselves Royal Power caused the King to give very great Sums of Gold and Silver as well of his own Goods and Jewels as the Treasure of the Kingdom as Tenths Fifteenths and other Taxes granted by divers Parlements to be expended in Defence and Safeguard of the Kingdom and otherwise which amounted to the Sum of 100000 Marks and more to Robert Vere Duke of Ireland and others And further they caused many good Ordinances and Purposes made and ordained in Parlements as well for the Wars as Defence of the Kingdom to be interrupted to the great Injury of the King and Kingdom VIII Also by the said Encroachment and by great Bribes taken by the said Robert Michael and Alexander divers Persons not sufficient or fit had the Guard and Government of divers Lordships Castles and Countries of War as in Guyen and otherwhere as well on this side as beyond the Sea whereby the People and Countries of those Parts Liege and Loyal to the King for the greater Part were destroyed and great Dominions of late rendred into the hands and possession of the Enemy without Assent of the Realm which were never in the hands of the Enemy since the Conquest of them as in the Marches of Scotland and otherwhere in Disherison of the Crown and great Injury of the Realm as in the Case of Harpedene Craddock and others IX Also by the Encroachment of the foresaid Alexander Robert Michael Robert and Nicholas divers People have been hindred of the Benefit of the Common Law of England and put to great Delays Losses and Costs and Statutes Judgments justly made upon the necessary Causes in Parlement have been reversed and nulled by Procurement of the said Misdoers and Traitors and this by Reason of the great Bribes by them received to the greatest Injury of the King and Kingdom X. Also the Five aforesaid accroaching to them Royal Power as false Traitors to the King and Kingdom caused and counselled the King to grant Charters of Pardon for horrible Felonies and Treasons as well against the State of the King as of the Party against the Law and Oath of the King XI Also whereas the Great Lordship and Land of Ireland hath been beyond Memory Parcel of the Crown of England and the People thereof for all that time have been the King's Lieges without mean to him or his Royal Progenitors and our Lord and his Noble Progenitors King 's of England in all their Charters Writs Letters and Patents and also under their Seals in Augmentation of their Names and Royalty stiled themselves Lords of Ireland the foresaid Robert Duke of Ireland Alexander c. Michael c. as false Traitors to the King by the said Encroachment gave Advice that the King inasmuch as was in
and Traitors by their false Imaginations Deceits and Accroachments abovesaid Which Securities and Oaths were against the Good Laws and Usages of the Land and against the Oath of the King to the great Ruin and Dishonour of the King and Kingdom XX. Also by force of such Bonds and Oaths all the Realm was put into great Trouble by the said Evil-doers and Traitors and in peril to have suffered many importable Mischiefs XXI Also to bring about their Traiterous Purposes the said Five caused the King to go into several Parts of the Kingdom for some long times whereby the Lords assigned by the said Ordinance Statute and Commission could not Advise with him about the Business of the Kingdom so as the Purport and Effect of the Ordinance Statute and Commission were Defeated to the great Ruin of the King and Kingdom XXII Also the said Robert de Vere Duke of Ireland by the Counsel and Abet of the other Four Traitors accroaching to himself Royal Power without the King's Commission or other sufficient usual Warrant made himself Justice of Chester and by himself and Deputies held all manner of Pleas as well Common as of the Crown and gave Judgments upon them and made Execution thereof and also caused many Original and Judicial Writs to be sealed with the Great Seal used in those Parts And also by such Accroachment of Royal Power he caused to rise with him a great Part of the People of that Country some by Threats others by Imprisonments of their Bodies some by seizing of their Lands others by many Dishonest Ways by colour of the said Office and all this to make War upon and destroy the Lords and other the King 's Loyal Lieges in undoing the King and whole Realm XXIII Also the said Traitors Robert de Vere c. Alexander c. Michael c. by the Counsel and Abet of Robert Tresilian and Nicholas Brembre incroaching to themselves Royal Power caused to be delivered John de Blois Heir of Britan who was Prisoner and Security to the King and Kingdom without Assent of Parlement and the King 's Great Council and without Warrant to the great Strengthening of the Adversary of France the great Ruin of the King and Realm and against the Statutes and Ordinances aforesaid made in the last Parlement XXIV Also the said Five Traytors caused the King to have a great Retinue of late of divers People to whom he gave Badges which was not done in ancient time by any Kings his Progenitors that he might have Power to perform their false Treason aforesaid XXV Also the aforesaid Five Misdoers and Traytors in full accomplishment of all their Treasons aforesaid and to make the King give Credit to them and their Counsel and hold them more Loyal and greater Sages then others of his Kingdom and the more to colour their false Treasons they caused the King to make come before him in several Places of the Kingdom divers Justices and Lawyers Robert Tresilian Robert Belknap John Cary John Holt Roger Fulthorp William Burgh his Justices and John de Loketon Serjeant at Law and with them John Blake Referendary and others which Justices Serjeant and John Blake being asked in the presence of the King by the Misdoers Whether the foresaid Ordinance Statute and Commission were made in Derogation of his Royalty and Prerogative or not and divers other Questions To which they answered in manner following Be it Remembred That on the Twenty first day of August in the Eleventh year of King Richard the Second at the Castle of Nottingham before the King Robert Tresilian Chief Justice and Robert Belknap Chief Justice of the Common-Pleas John Holt Roger Fulthorp and William Burgh Knights Justices Associate of Robert Belknap and John Lokeson the King's Serjeant at Law in the presence of the Lords and other Witnesses underwritten personally there being were required by the King upon their Faith and Allegiance to answer faithfully to certain Questions and speak the Law concerning them according to their Discretion First It was demanded Whether the new Statute Ordinance and Commission made in the last Parlement at Westminster The Opinion of Judges c. concerning the Statute and Commission did derogate to or from the King's Royalty and Prerogative They unanimously answer It did especially for that they were contrary to the King 's Will. 2. Also it was demanded How those were to be punished that procured the Statute Ordinance and Commission to be made They unanimously answer With Death unless the King would shew them favour 3. Also it was demanded How they were to be punished that Excited the King to Consent to the making of that Statute Ordinance and Commission They unanimously answer as to the last Question 4. Also they were demanded How they were to be punished that forced or straitned the King qui compiderunt sive Arctarunt Regem to consent to the making of the Statute Ordinance and Commission They unanimously answer They were deservedly to be punished as Traytors Likewise they were demanded How they were to be punished who hindred the King from Exercising those things which belonged to his Prerogative and Royalty They also unanimously answer They were to be punished as Traytors 5. Also it was demanded Whether after the Parlement was met and the Business of the Kingdom and the Cause of the Meeting of the Parlement by the King's Command declared and certain Articles appointed by the King upon which the Lords and Commons ought to proceed if the Lords and Commons would proceed upon other Articles and not upon the Articles limited by the King until they had the King's Answer to their own Articles notwithstanding the King had injoined them to the contrary Then Whether the King ought to have the Government of the Parlement and indeed to govern effectually so as upon the Articles limited by the King they ought first to proceed Or Whether the Lords and Commons ought first to have Answer from the King to their own Articles before there were further Proceedings Nunquid Rex debeat habere in ea parte Regimen Parliamenti de facto Regere effectum quod super Articulis limitatis per Regem primo debeant procedere vel an Domini Comunes primo debeant habere Responsum a Rege super Articulis per eosdem expressis antequam ulterius procedatur They unanimously answer That in such Case the King should have the Government and so in order in all other Articles touching the Parlement to the end of the same and if any one acted contrary to this Government of the King he was to be punished as a Traytor 6. Also it was demanded Whether the King when he pleased might not Dissolve the Parlement and Command his Lords and Commons to depart from thence They unanimously answer He might and if any one afterward proceeded as in Parlement against the King's Will he was to be punished as a Traytor 7. Also it was demanded Whether when the King pleased to Remove
Duke and Earls would have come and marched to have searched out the King if he could be found in England and to have killed a very great Number of his Lieges and to have accomplished their evil Purpose and Intent if they had not been disturbed by the Honourable Persons of the King's Blood Henry of Lancaster Earl of Derby and Thomas de Mowbray Earl of Nottingham conceiving and understanding the Actions of the Duke and Earls were notoriously against their Legiance and the Estate of the King and therefore willing to do their Duty to him departed from their Company and came to the Honourable Presence of the King It would please him the Commons having specially recommended the Persons of the Earls of Derby and Nottingham to him openly to declare in this Parlement their Estate Name and Fame and the Loyal Behaviour of them lour Estate le The King's Kindness and Favour to them Noun le Fame le Loyal Port de eux Whereupon the King sitting in his Royal Dignity in Parlement answered This matter was better known to him than any other and witnessed and declared the good Behaviour Loyalty and Fame of the Two Earls and held them for Loyal Lieges and that they should be reported for such amongst all his Lieges through the Realm and that they should be excused without Impeachment Molestation or Grievance for the Cause aforesaid in any time to come And further That the King by Assent and Advice of all the Lords in Parlement and at the Prayer of the Commons Ordained and Established That this Declaration and Grant should have the force of and be holden for a Statute That all Judgments * Ibm. n. 32. Ordinances Declarations and Establishments of this Parlement shall have the force of Statutes On Michaelmas-Day being Saturday 7 Ib. n. 35. Henry Earl of Derby created Duke of Hereford Several others created Dukes and Earls the King in Parlement Created Henry Earl of Derby Duke of Hereford Edward Earl of Roteland Duke of Albemarle Thomas Holland Earl of Kent Duke of Surrey John Holland Earl of Huntington Duke of Excester Thomas Mowbray Earl of Nottingham Duke of Norfolk The same Day John Beaufort Earl of Somerset was Created Marquess of Dorset Thomas de Spenser Earl of Glocester Ralph Nevill Earl of Westmerland Thomas Percy Earl of Worcester and William le Scrop Earl of Wiltshire On the same Day the King 8 Ibm. n. 36. The Parlement adjourned to Shrewsbury Adjourned the Parlement unto the 15th of St. Hillary or 27 of January next coming to Shrewsbury all things to remain in the same Condition they were to be there finished and determined The next Day being Sunday 9 Ibm. n. 37. The Lords Spiritual and Temporal Swear before the King the Lords Spiritual and Temporal after Mass Celebrated in the Abby-Church at Westminster upon the Altar before the Shrine of St. Edward made Oath in the presence of the King in the Form following The Prelates first saving the Honesty of their Estate savant L'oneste de lour Estat That is to say The Arch-Bishop of York The Bishops first The Bishop of London The Bishop of Winchester The Bishop of Ely The Bishop of Duresme The Bishop of Salisbury The Bishop of Excester The Bishop of Bangor The Bishop of Worcester The Bishop of Hereford The Bishop of Chichester The Bishop of St. Asaph The Bishop of Carlile The Bishop of Landaf The Prior of St. John of Jerusalem The Abbat of Westminster The Abbat of Canterbury The Abbat of St. Albans The Prior of Canterbury The OATH You shall 1 1 Ibm. n. 38. Append. n. 109. Swear That well and truly you shall Hold Sustain and Maintain without Fraud or Deceit all the Statutes Establishments Ordinances or Judgments made or given in this Parlement without doing any thing to the contrary of any of them or the Dependencies on or Parcel of them nor that you will ever Repeal Revoke Cassate make Void Reverse or Adnull nor ever suffer them to be Repealed Revoked Cassated made Void Reversed or Adnulled so long as you live saving to the King his Royalty Liberty and the Right of his Crown And so soon as they had Sworn the Lords 2 Ibm. n. 39. The Lords Temporal take the same Oath Temporal in the same Place in the Presence of the King made the same Oath that is to say The Duke of Guyen and Lancaster The Duke of York The Duke of Hereford The Duke of Albemarle The Duke of Surrey The Duke of Excester The Duke of Norfolk The Marquess of Dorset The Earl of Oxford The Earl of Stafford The Earl of Northumberland The Earl of Salisbury The Earl of Glocester The Earl of Westmerland The Earl of Worcester The Earl of Wilts The Lord de Camoys The Lord de Bourgchier The Lord de Powys The Lord Fitz-Walters The Lord de Roos The Lord de Harrington The Lord de Burnell The Lord de Berkely The Lord de Darcy The Lord de Willonghby The Lord Grey of Codnore The Lord Grey of Ruthin The Lord de Scales The Lord de St. Amand The Lord de Furnivall The Lord de Ferrers The Lord de Seymour The Lord de Lovell The Lord de Bardolph The Lord de Morley William Beaumont Lord of Burgavenny Ralph de Cromwell Ralph de Lumly Philip le Dispenser And did Swear further in these Words 3 Ibm. n. 40. Append. n. 110. You shall Swear That in time to come you shall never suffer any Man living to do any thing contrary to the Statutes Establishments Ordinances and Judgments made or given in this present Parlement The Additioal Oath of the Lords Temporal nor to any Dependencies on or Parcell of them And if any one shall do so and be duly Convicted you shall use your entire Power and Diligence without Fraud or Deceit to prosecute him before the King and his Heirs Kings of England and cause him to have Execution as an High and False Traitor to the King and Kingdom saving to the King his Regalie or Royalty Liberty and Right of his Crown Then the King asked the Knights of Shires there present for the Parlement If they 4 Ibm n. 41. The Knights of Shires affirm the said Oaths would hold and keep the same Oath Who promised with loud Voices to keep it holding up their Hands on high as a Sign of their Affirmance of their said Oaths And immediately after Monsieur Thomas de Percy 5 Ibm. n. 42 43. Sir Tho. Percy made the same Oath for the Clergy made the same Oath the Lords Temporal had made for and in the Name of the Clergy as their Procurator General and by Authority abovesaid This done the King the Prelates and Lords Temporal 6 Ibm. The great Excommunication pronounced against any one should do contrary to the Premisses went from the Shrine of St. Edward and came before the High Altar of the Church and there for the
Establishmment and Affirmance of these things the Prelates and Ordinaries of the Provinces of Canterbury and York with one Assent did pronounce the Sentence of the greater Excommunication against all and every of the Subjects of both Provinces that openly or privately by Deed Counsel or Advice should contravene or do against any of the foresaid Premisses the King's Royalty and Prerogative in all things saved According to the Adjournment 7 Ibm n. 44. 21 Ric. II. A. D. 1398. The Parlement met at Shrewsbury the Parlement met at Shrewsbury on Monday after the Quinden of St. Hillary when the Chancellor told them That at first this Parlement was Summoned for the Honour of God and that Holy Church might enjoy all its Liberties and Franchises and that all the Lords Knights Citizens and Burgesses should have and enjoy all their Liberties and Franchises as they reasonably enjoyed and used them in former times 8 Ibm. Also that there should not be more Governours in the Kingdom than One and that the Laws might be duly obeyed and executed as it was more fully contained in the Beginning and Pronunciation of the Cause of this Parlement Also the 9 Ibm. The King desired to know how the Charge for the Defence of the War should be born Chancellor shewed to the Commons the King would be informed by them how the Charge should be born for the Defence of England Ireland Guyen the March of Calais and also the March of Scotland in case they kept not the Truce made for four years which was to end at Michaelmas next coming The Lords Appellants in this Parlement 1 Ibm. n. 47. Stat. ac Large 21 Ric. II. c. 12. The Lords Appellants in this Parlement Moved the Parlement in the 11th of this King might be revoked Edward Duke of Albemarle Thomas Duke of Surrey John Duke of Excester John Marquess of Dorset John Earl of Salisbury Thomas Earl of Glocester and William Earl of Wiltshire Prayed the King and shewed that certain Lords Convict and Attainted the Duke of Glocester the Earls of Arundel and Warwic by Coertion and Compulsion made him Summon a Parlement at Westminster on the morrow after Candlemas in the 11th Year of his Reign and then reciting what had been done that Year and particularly the Questions and Answers put to and made by Sir Robert Tresilian the other Judges and King's Serjeant at Nottingham that the whole Parlement might be revoked the Commons joined with them in the same Prayer to which the Lords Spiritual and Temporal Assented After the Reading the 2 Ibm. The Answers made to the Questions propounded at Nottingham judged good and lawful The Judges Justices and Serjeants of that Opinion Questions and Answers as well before the King and Lords as Commons all the Estates of Parlement were asked What they thought of the Answers And they said They thought the Justices made and gave their Answers duly and lawfully as good and lawful Liege People of the King ought to do And Sir Thomas Skelton Learned in the Law William Hankeford and William Brenchly the King's Serjeants said The Answers were good and lawful and that if the same Questions had been put to them they would have given the same William Thirning Chief Justice of the Common Bench said The Declaration of Treason not declared belonged to the Parlement but if he were a Lord or Peer of Parlement if he had been asked he would have said in the same manner In like manner said William Ri 〈…〉 ice of the Common Pleas and Sir Walter Clopton Chief 〈…〉 of the King's Bench said the same thing Wherefore the 〈…〉 were judged and affirmed to be good and sufficient in thâ—◠〈…〉 ment 〈…〉 upon by Assent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal the 〈…〉 of the Clergy and Commons and by Advice of the Justi 〈…〉 and Serjeants aforesaid there being it was 3 Ibm. The Parlement as above annulled Awarded and Judged Ordained and Stablished That the Parlement holden in the said 11th Year shall be clearly annulled and holden for none as a thing made without Authority and against the Will and Liberty of the King and the Right of his Crown and that all the Judgments Statutes and Ordinances made in the same with all things depending upon them shall be revoked and annulled reversed and repealed and holden for none and that all Lands Tenements Fees Advousons and all other Possessions seized as forfeit by colour of the said Judgments shall be restored and delivered to them which were judged or put out or to their Heirs and to them that have in other manner Cause of Action or Title of Right with all manner of Liberties or Franchises as they had at any time with Restitution of Goods and Chattels On Wednesday the third Day of this Meeting 4 Ibm. n. 51. The Commons desire that the greatest Security that can be may be given for not undoing what was done in this Parlement John Bussy the Speaker alledged That before that time many Ordinances and Statutes made in divers Parlements had been reversed by diversity of Opinions and other Reasons and Subtilties and on behalf of the Commons prayed the King That the greatest Security that could be given might be taken for the not undoing the Ordinances and Judgments made in this Parlement Whereupon the King charged all the Estates in Parlement to give them their Advice for the best and most firm Security in this case The Lords Spiritual and Temporal answered That they had Sworn before to hold and keep the said Judgments Establishments and Statutes * This Salvo was not in their Oaths which they would maintain with all their Power as much as in them was The King also demanded of the Justices and Serjeants If they knew any other more secure way for the perpetual keeping and observing of the Ordinances and Judgments c. Who answered The greatest Security that could be was established by Parlement And then the Lords Temporal and Spiritual renewed their Oaths before the King in Parlement upon the Lords Spiritual and Temporal renew their Oaths Cross of Canterbury and also the greatest part of the Commons held up their hands in Affirmance of their Oaths and likewise the Proctors of the Clergy and the Knights being about the King And then after Proclamation had been made in audience of all the People To know if they would 5 Ibm. The People Consent to these things Consent to this manner of Security To which they answered lifting their Hands on high and crying with loud Voices It pleased them well and fully consented thereunto Thomas le Despenser Petitions * Ib. n. 55. to the end of n. 66. The Repeal of the Judgments against the Despensers 14th 15th of Ed. II. confirmed and the Reverse of that Appeal in the 1st of Ed. III. repealed the King in full Parlement wherein he recites the Petitions of Hugh the Father and Hugh the Son to the
a Token of his Intention as was said before the Arch-Bishop taking King Henry by the Right Hand led him to the Royal Throne and when the same King had Kneeled and Prayed a while before it the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury the Arch-Bishop of York assisting him placed him therein the People for great Joy Shouting mightily When the Shouting was over 4 Ib. n 55. the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury made a short Preachment or Collation as 't is called upon the Roll his Text or Theme was Vir dominabitur Populo 1 Sam. c. 9. v. 17. The English Version of the whole Verse according to the Vulgar Edition runs thus And when Samuel saw Saul the Lord said unto him Behold the Man whom I spake to thee of this same shall Rule over my People Iste dominabitur Populo meo In this Collation he makes a Comparison between King Richard who he makes a Child and his whole Government a Childish Acting and King Henry a Perfect Wise Man In this Comparison he makes use of several Places of Scripture but how properly or how to the purpose belongs not to this Place to say At length he insinuates That by Childish Government the Nation had been in great Danger but now they were freed from it because a Man will Reign to wit he that says not as a Child but one of Perfect Reason I came not to do my own Will but the Will of him that sent me that is God And therefore we may not only say of this Man That he will think of things in Wisdom but also as a Man and not as a Child In sensu cogitabit circumspectionem Dei He will in earnest think of the Circumspection or Providence of God id est circumquaque diligenter aspiciet ut Dei voluntas non sua fiat that is he will look diligently every way about him that God's Will not his own may be done and so in the Place of a wanton Child a Man Rules over the People and such a Man that it may be said The King shall Reign and he shall be a Wise Man and do Judgment and Justice in the Land Which Collation ended 5 Ib. n. 56. King Henry to quiet the Minds of his Subjects said publickly these Words SIRES I Thank God and zowe Spirituel and Temporel and all the Astates of the Lond and do zowe to wyte it es noght my Will that no Man thynk that be waye of Conquest I wold Disherit any Man of his Heritage Franches or other Ryghts that hym aght to have no put hym out of that that he has and has had by the gude Lawes and Custumes of the Rewme except those Persons that has ben agan the gude Purpose and the comune Profyt of the Rewme And forthwith 6 Ib. n. 57. it being considered that the Throne being Vacant by the Cessation and Deposition of King Richard the Power of all the Justices Sheriffs and other Officers through the Kingdom ceased lest Justice might be delayed to the Grievance of the People he Named his Principal Officers and Justices who took the usual Oaths And forthwith Proclamation was made by the King's Command That on Monday next after the Feast of St. Michael a Parlement should be held in that Place and that on Monday next following on the Feast of St Edward the Coronation should be at Westminster and that who claimed any Service then might put in their Petitions before the Steward Constable and Marshall of England where they should receive full Justice And for the shortness of Time assigned for the Sitting of the Parlement the King made Protestation it was not his Intention it should be any Prejudice to the States of his Kingdom or that it should be made an Example for the future but that it was only for the Profit of the Kingdom and specially to spare the Labour and Expences of his Lieges and that the Grievances of the People might have speedy Remedy All which things being finished 7 Ibm. n. 58. the King rose from his Throne and beholding the People with a chearful Countenance departed and the same Day in the White Hall in Alba Aula he had a great Entertainment for the Noble and Gentlemen who were there in great Numbers These things were done on Tuesday the 30th of September And afterwards on the next day 8 Ibm. being Wednesday the Deputies or Proctors before mentioned went to Richard late King in the Tower as they had been enjoined William Thirnyng Justiciary for himself and Fellow-Proctors in the Name of all the States and People notified to Richard and fully declared the Admission of his Renunciation and the Manner Cause and Form of the Sentence of his Deposition and presently Resigned the Homage and Fealty that had been made to the late King Richard as follows The Words 9 9 Ibm. n. 59. which William Thirnyng spake to Monsieur Richard late King of England at the Tower of London in his Chamber there on * * Note this Wednesday was Octob. 1. Wednesday next after the Feast of St. Michael the Archangel SIRE IT is wele known to zowe That ther was a Parlement somond of all the States of the Reaume for to be at Westmynstre and to begynne on the Teusday in the morrow of the Fest of Seint Michell the Archaungell that was zesterday by cause of the whiche Sommons all the States of this Lond were there gadyrd the whiche States hole made thes same Persones that ben comen here to zowe nowe her Procuratours and gafen hem full Auctorite and Power and charged hem for to say the Wordes that we sall say to zowe en her Name and on their Behalve that is to wytten The Bishop of St. Assa for Ersbisshoppes and Bisshoppes the Abbot of Glastenbury for Abbotes and Priours and all other Men of Holy Chirche Seculers and Rewelers the Erle of Gloucestre for Dukes and Erles the Lord of Berkeley for Barones and Banerettes Sire Thomas Irpyngham Chamberleyn for all the Bachilers and Commons of this Lond be South Sire Thomas Grey for all the Bachilers and Commons by North and my Felawe Johan Markham and me for to come with hem for all thes States And so Sire these Wordes and the doying that we sall say to zowe is not onlych our Wordes bot the Wordes and the Doyings of all the States of this Lond and our Charge and in her Name And he answered and said That he wyst wele that we wold not say but as we were charged Sire ze remembre zowe wele That on Monday on the Fest of St. Michell the Archaungell ryght here in this Chambre and in what Presence ze Renounsed and Cessed of the State of Kyng and Lordeship and of all the Dignite and Wyrshipp that longed therto and assoiled all zour Lieges of her Legiance and Obeysance that longed to zowe uppe the Forume that is contened in the same Renunciacion and Cession whiche ze redde zour self by zour Mouth and affermed it by zour Othe
His Grants in Parlement repealed Fol. 397 C He is appealed of High Treason Fol. 405 A His Death at Calais Fol. 408 B Is adjudged a Traitor Fol. Ib. D His Confession before his death Fol. 409 D Godfrey of St. Omar Founder of the Order of the Templars Fol. 165 A Gournay Tho. one of the Keepers and Murderers of Edw. II. Fol. 164 C Judgment against him for the same Fol. 191 A Grievances of the Kingdom presented Fol. 57 D 58 Guardians of the Kingdom who Fol. 1 D They proclaim the King's Peace Fol. Ib. They do the same for Ireland Fol. 2 A Their Writ to assess Tallage and suppress Tumults Fol. Ib. C Guines surprized by the English Fol. 248 C Guy Earl of Flanders his Alliance with Edward I. Fol. 42 A H. HAles Sir Robert Beheaded by the Rebels Fol. 346 C Haynault Earl of furnisheth Queen Isabel with Ships and Forces Fol. 154 D Haxey Thomas his Bill in the House of Commons against the King's Royalty Fol. 396 A Is adjudged a Traitor Fol. Ib. D Hereford Henry Duke his Submission to King Richard Fol. 403 E He accused the Duke of Norfolk Fol. 404 F The Schedule of his Accusation Fol. 413 B The matter contained in it to be determined by Duel Fol. 414 D The King prevents the Battel and banishes him Fol. 415 B C He lands in England Fol. 419 B The Nobility and People join him Fol. Ib. C D His Obeisance to King Richard and Reception at London Fol. 420 A He claims the Crown Fol. 432 D His Speech to the Lords and Commons Fol. 433 D He summons a Parlement in his own Name to be returned in six Days Fol. 435 E His Eldest Son made Prince of Wales Fol. 438 A His Followers and Confederates pardoned Fol. 452 A Adam Bishop See Adam Nicholas a Professor of Divinity in Oxford a Wiclivite Fol. 459 F The Proceedings against him Fol. 460 461 Higden Ran. his Character of the Earl of Lancaster Fol. 139 C Holt Sir John impeached and his Answer Fol. 386 A E Sentence against him Fol. 387 A His Life spared Fol. 388 A He is banished into Ireland Fol. 389 C He is again recalled Fol. 396 F Hugo de Paganis one of the Founders of the Order of the Templars Fol. 165 A Hungerford Tho. Speaker of the Commons prays the reverse of several Impeachments Fol. 306 E I. JEws hanged for Clipping and Coining Fol. 8 C Maintenance allowed to the Converted Fol. Ib. The Obstinate are Banished Fol. 9 A John Duke of Bretagne died without Issue Fol. 224 The Competitors for his Dukedom Fol. Ib. C King of France Crowned Fol. 247 F He is Overthrown by Edward the Prince of Wales Fol. 257 He and his Son Philip taken Prisoners Fol. Ib. E They are brought to London Fol. 258 D And sent to the Tower Fol. 261 F He agrees to a Peace with Edward III. Fol. 262 E His return into England Errand and Death there Fol. 283 B Isabel Queen to Edward II. denied entrance into Leeds-Castle Fol. 134 A She writes to the Pope to Saint the Earl of Lancaster Fol. 138 E F She built a Chapel on the Hill where he was Executed Fol. 140 A She obtains Leave to get into France Fol. 148 E Her Excuse to the King for staying there Fol. 149 150 She takes Mortimer into her Service Fol. Ib. D Her Behaviour towards the King Fol. 152 A She leaves France and goes to the Earl of Haynault Fol. 154 A She lands at Harwich and is joined by the Nobility Fol. Ib. E F The Increase of her Army and her Cause carried on by false Reports Fol. 155 C D Her Care of Holy Church Fol. 157 E She takes Bristol and marches into Wales to find out the King Fol. 158 C D She held a Parlement with the Prince her Son Fol. 161 B Her seeming Sorrow for the King her Husband Fol. 163 A She and Mortimer hath the whole Government Fol. 186 A K. KEnt Edmund Earl of Vncle to Edward III. adjudged to death in Parlement and for what Fol. 185 D His Son restored to his Blood and Lands Fol. Ib. F Kilwardy Robert Elected Arch-Bishop of Canterbury without the King's Licence Fol. 93 B His Election protested against Fol. Ib. E Knights Four summoned for every County Fol. 10 B Knivet Sir John Chancellor his Declaration in Parlement of the Necessities of Edward III. Fol. 293 294 296 A Knolls Sir Robert Ravages and Burns the Country about Paris Fol. 290 A His great Care to suppress Tumults Fol. 361 A L. LAncaster Thomas Earl of resolved to defend Holy Church Fol. 114 E He demanded Gaveston of King Edward II. Fol. Ib. F He marched after the King and Gaveston Fol. 115 A A great Admirer of Robert Winchelsey Arch-Bishop of Canterbury Fol. 119 D He refused to serve the King against the Scots Fol. 120 A Is made Chief of the Council to Edward II. Fol. 122 E And General of the Army against the Scots Fol. 123 C The Agreement between him and the King Fol. 124 C He joins with the Earl of Hereford Fol. 134 F Is taken Prisoner Condemned and Executed Fol. 135 B Miracles done by him after his Death Fol. 136 A His Image adored at St. Paul's Fol. 138 A Queen Isabel writes to the Pope to Saint him Fol. Ib. D E The Arch-Bishop of Canterbury doth the same Fol. 139 A His Character by Higden Fol. Ib. C D Henry his Son shews Compassion to Edward II. Fol. 164 B His Submission to Edward II. and Queen-Mother Fol. 185 B He died of the Plague Fol. 282 D John Duke made Governour of Acquitain Fol. 290 C His Title to the Kingdom of Castile Fol. 292 A Is made the King's Lieutenant in France Fol. 295 A His ill Conduct in his Army Fol. Ib. C The three Great Offices he claimed at King Richard's Coronation Fol. 326 C His Retirement from Court Fol. 327 A His Challenge to his Accusers Fol. Ib He is chosen Head of the Committee for the Assistance of the Commons Fol. Ib. He sets out a Fleet and is beaten by the Spaniards Fol. 134 A B His Expedition against the Scots Fol. 342 F He concludes a Truce with them Fol. 350 F The Quarrel between him and Northumberland ended Fol. 351 A His Proposals to go into â—pain Fol. 355 A His Expedition against the Scots unsuccessful Fol. 361 B He is accused of Treason by a Fryer Fol. Ib. D His extravagant Expences in France Fol. Ib. E His Voyage into Spain and Claim of that Crown Fol. 364 C He is created Duke of Aquitain Fol. 392 C The Earl of Arundel asks his Pardon in full Parlement Fol. 394 A He is made Lord High Steward at the Trial of the Earl of Arundel and others Fol. 407 A He was First Commissioner in the Judgment given against his Son Henry Duke of Hereford 415 426 in the Margin Latimer impeached by the Commons Fol. 301 F Laws made in the First Purlement of Edward I. Fol. 4 C
Execution was done thereon And for that his Oath the Right of the Crown of England his Reasons and Claims as also the Right Reasons and Claims of all others might be safe He tho' the Commissioners had brought to him what they had done yet because the Prelates Earls Barons and all other Great Men of the Kingdom in whose presence he would have his own and the Reasons of others propounded and heard according to whose Advice he intended to proceed especially for that they were bound with him by Oath to Observe and Maintain the Laws or Rights of the Kingdom and his Crown Jura Regni Coronae Nostrae were not then present with him And for that likewise those who were to propound their Reasons concerning this Matter had no notice of it without whom a good End could not be put to it and because this Business might be Dispatched without further Delay willing to have Conference and Treaty with the Prelates Earls Barons and Gentlemen aforesaid and with others of the Community of the Kingdom upon this Affair and other arduous Matters touching himself and the state of the Kingdom he Commanded firmly The Sheriffs commanded to send to this Parlement the same Knights Citizens and Burgesses that were in the last enjoining him to cause to come before him at his Parlement at Lincoln in the Octaves of St. Hilary next coming two Knights of his Country or Baylywick That is to say those which came for the Community of the County by his Precept to the last Parlement and also the same Citizens and the same Burgesses for all the Cities and Burghs within his Bayliwic and if any of them were Dead or Infirm then to cause others to be chosen and come in their stead so as that they might be present at the Day and Place aforesaid with full Power to hear and do what should be then ordained for the common Profit of the Kingdom And to cause to be allowed to the same Knights Citizens and Burgesses their reasonable Expences in coming to staying at and going from the Parlement and further he commanded the Sheriff publickly to make Proclamation in the County That all those who would put in any Exceptions against the Perambulations should appear before him in Parlement to shew them Witness the King at the Rose September 26. in the 28th Year of his Reign This is the Full of the Writ of Summons in English wherein the Reasons are given why the Perambulations could not be Received and Considered sooner The Writs to the Bishops Earls and Barons were in the same Form and Words as to the Reasons c. In like manner he 1 Ibm. wrote to the Sheriffs of all Counties there particularly named as well those that had Forests in them as others except Cheshire which then sent no Members to Parlement He 2 Ibm. M. 2. wrote also to the Commissioners that made the Perambulations to be at this Parlement and bring with them those Perambulations and all things that concerned them Amidst these importune Pressures of the Nobility 3 Walsingh f. 78. N. 20. The K. marcheth into Scotland with an Army The Scots demand their K. John Baliol and to Redeem their Lands Both their Requests denied They appear in a mighty Body yet fly before the King the King marched with an Army into Scotland and coming into Gallowey the Great Men of the Scots desired him to permit John Baliol peaceably to Reign over them and that he would suffer them to Redeem their Estates of such English as he had given them to declaring if he would not they would themselves as well as they could But he granted neither of their Petitions Within few Days after the Scots with their Leaders appeared in a mighty Body thinking to Surprize the King and his Army but he and his Son marching toward them they fled to the Hills and Woods About this Time the Scots knowing all things Saleable at Rome richly Present or Bribe the Pope moving him for his Advice and Assistance against their Lord the King of England Scoti cognoscentes 4 Ibm. N. 30 40. The Scots apply themselves to the Pope for Advice and Assistance against K. Ed. Romae omnia venalia Donis Dominum Papam uberrimis ditaverunt petentes ab eo Consilium pariter ac auxilium contra Dominum suum Regem Angliae The Pope complies makes the Archbishop of Canterbury his Legat sends him Letters to deliver to the King with order to shew him his Commands In 5 Ibm. and Mat. West f. 435 346 437. He makes the A. B. of Canterbury his Legate to the King and by his Letter claims Scotland as the Right of the Church of Rome which he Claims the Kingdom of Scotland as belonging to the Church of Rome by full Right pleno jure Requires and Exhorts him in the Name of God to Discharge out of Prison and Restore to their former Liberty all Bishops Clercs and Ecclesiastic Persons and to remove all his Officers whom by Force and Fear he had appointed to Govern that Nation under him and Willed him if he pretended any Right to the Kingdom of Scotland or any Part of it not to omit to send Commissioners fully instructed within six Months after the receipt of his Letters to his presence he being ready to do him Justice as his beloved Son and inviolably to observe his Right if he had any Bringing back and reserving by the Tenor of these Letters all Questions Strifes Controversies whatsoever between him the Kingdom of Scotland the Prelates Clercs and Secular Persons which then had been were or might be for the future to the Cognisance and Determination of the Roman See Decreeing it void if any thing should be attempted to the contrary Dated at Anagni the 5th of the Calends of July or 27th of June A. D. 1300. in the 28th of Ed. 1. The Archbishop was full of Obedience and very quick in repairing He readily obeys the Pope's Commands to the King who was then in Scotland 6 Ibm Fol. 438. l. 2. in the A. Bishop's Letter to the Pope or Certificate what he had done in this Affair And persuades the King to comply with the Pope's Letter preparing for his Journey immediately upon the Receipt of the Pope's Commands and came to him August 25th being then at Dinner in the midst of his Army who appointed him the next Day for the Delivery of the Message which was done and the Pope's Letters presented to the King before Edward his Son the Earls Barons and Knights of his Army in great Multitude who causing them to be Read publickly were patiently heard of all when the Archbishop a sure Friend to the Scots Encouraged the King and Persuaded him 7 Ibm. N. 50. in the same Letter as he says himself by all Ways and Means he could or knew to Obey and Comply with all things in those Letters Then 8 Ibm. withdrawing by the King's Command while he Deliberated
those of his Son except that the loss of his Goods moveable and immoveable in and upon his Mannors and Lands were greater as namely two Crops of Corn one in the Barns or Granges the other upon the Ground 28000 Sheep 1000 Oxen and Heifers 1200 Cows with their Breed for two Years 40 Mares with their Breed for two Years 560 Cart-Horses 2000 Hogs 400 Kids 40 Ton of Wine 600 Bacons 80 Carcasses of Beef 600 Muttons in the Larder and 10 Tons of Cyder Armour for 200 Men and other Warlike Engines and Provisions with the Destruction of his Houses to his Damage 30000 l. And at the same time they entred the Abby of Langley in Wiltshire broke up his Coffers and carried away 1000 l. in Silver also his Charters Evidence and Bonds Cups of Gold and Silver and other Silver Vessels and Jewels to his Damage of 10000 l. And at the same time with Force and Arms entred the King's Castle of Marlborough where he was the Constable and took his Goods there found 36 Sacks of Wooll 6 Pair of rich Vestments a Library a Golden Chalice for the Sacrament one Cross of Gold another of Ivory and Ebony and other Ornaments belonging to the Chapel Cloths of Gold Carpets Coverings and many other things and his whole Wardrobe entirely to his Damage of 5000 l. Excepting these Differences of Losses the Petition is the same with his Sons verbatim and The Petition of the Spensers brought into Parlement the Errours assigned in the Process and Award are the very same his rendring himself Prisoner to the King and his Reception into the King's Protection the same and expressed in the same Words And then it follows by the King Et nous apres a nostre Parlement summons a Everwyk as treis semeins de Pasch en an nostre Regne Quinzisme feisems devant nous le Proces del dit Aegard a la suite les ditz Hugh le Fitz Hugh le Pere en cestes Paroles A 15 Edw. II. The Writ of Summons to this Parlement bears Date March 14 1321. Easter-day was April 11. 1â—22 l Honeur de Dieu Seinte Eglise c. And we afterwards at our Parlement at York three Weeks after Easter in the 15th Year of our Reign caused to come before us the Process of the Award at the Petition of the said Hugh the Son and Hugh the Father in these Words To the Honor of God and Holy Church c. the whole Award being cited in this Record After which Recital it follows a quen Parlement c. At which Parlement at York the said Hugh the Son and Hugh the Father being brought before us in Court prosecuting their Complaints and praying us to do them Right and the said Hugh the Son for himself shewed and alledged the Errors in the Process as abovesaid and also Hugh the Father alledged the same Errors and prayed severally and jointly That as the Award was made erroneously and wrongfully against the Laws and Usages of the Realm and against common Right and Reason that we would annull and defeat the said Award and that they might be remitted and reconciled to our Faith and to such Estate as they had and were in before the Award And hereupon hearing the The Process against them examined in Parlement Reasons of the said Hugh and Hugh we caused the Process to be examined in full Parlement in the presence of the Prelates Earls Barons Knights of Counties and the People that were come by reason of the Parlement en presence des Prelates Countes Barons Chivalers des Countes le People estoit venutz pur Encheson du dit Parlement And we found the said Award was made Reasons why the Award ought to be made void without calling them to Answer and without the Assent of the Prelates which are Peers of the Realm in Parlement and against the Great Charter of the Franchises of England which says no Freeman shall be Banished or other way Destroyed but by lawful Judgment of his Peers or the Law of the Land and for that they were not called in Court to make Answer and for these Errors and for that the Causes in the said Award were not duly proved pur ceo que les Causes contenues en la dit Agard ne furent pas duement approvets And further having regard to that that we caused the Parlement at Westminster to be summoned in due manner and commanded by our Writs the said Great Men who made the Award not to make Assemblies and Alliances or come with armed Men yet they came with all their Force to that Parlement notwithstanding our Command And when they came to London in that manner they held their Councils and Assemblies at London without coming to us at Westminster according to Summons and then we sent to them to come to the Parlement at Westminster as they ought yet they would not come nor let us know their Mind nor the cause of the Award tho' we had begun and held the Parlement for 15 Days and more and caused to come before us the Prelates and some Earls and Barons Knights of Counties and others which came for the Commons of the Realm avioms fait venir devant nous Prelates aucunes Countes Barones Chivalers des Countes autres que vindrent pur la Commune du Royalm and caused it to be published That those that had Petitions to promote should deliver them And after Proclamation thus made no Petition was delivered or Complaint made against the said Hugh and Hugh until they came as aforesaid And the Contrivance of the said Award they wholly concealed and kept from us unto the very Hour they came to Westminster with Force and Arms and made their Award against Reason as a thing treated and agreed on amongst themselves on their own Authority in our absence and encroached upon the Royal Power Jurisdiction and Conusance of Process and Judgment of those things which belong to our Royal Dignity wherefore we could not at that time stop the said Award nor do right to the said Hugh and Hugh as it belonged to us And further taking notice that those Great Men after the Award made prayed our Pardon and Release for Confederating themselves by Oath Writing or in other manner without our Leave in pursuing them and Trouping with Banners of ours and their own Arms displayed and taking and possessing Castles Towns Mannors Lands Tenements Goods and Chattels and also taking and imprisoning People of our Allegiance and others and some they wounded and some they killed and many other things they did in order to destroy the said Hugh and Hugh in England Wales and other where of which some might be called Trespasses and others Felonies also it appeared those Great Men were Enemies to and hated them at the time of the Award and before wherefore they ought not to be their Judges in their own Prosecution of them nor have Record ne
Record aver upon the Causes of the said Award And we are bound by the Oath we made at our Coronation and obliged to do Right to all our Subjects and to redress and cause to be amended all Wrongs done to them when we are required according to the Great Charter by which we are not to sell or delay Right and Justice to any one and at the pressing Advice and Request of the Prelates given us for the safety of our Soul and to avoid Danger and for to take away an ill Example for the time to come of such Undertakings and Judgments in the like case against Reason Wherefore we seeing and knowing the said Process and Award made in the manner aforesaid to be as well to the Prejudice of us the Blemishment or Hurt of our Crown and Royal Dignity against us and our Heirs as against the said Hugh and Hugh and for other reasonable Causes of our Royal Power in a full Parlement at York by the Advice and The Award made void by Assent of the whole Parlement Assent of the Prelates Earls Barons Knights of Counties the Commons of the Realm and others being at our Parlement at York pur le Conseil lassent des Prelatz Countes Barons Chevalers des Countez le Commun du Royalme altres a nostre dit Parlement a Everwyk Estauntz do wholly null and defeat de tut Anentissoms Defesoms the said Award of the Exile and Disheritance of the said Hugh and Hugh and all things in the Award quant que cel Agard touche and do fully remit and reconcile the said Hugh the Son and Hugh the Father to our Faith and Peace and to the Estate they had and were in before the making of the Award in all Points And we Award That they have again reeient Seisin of their Lands and Tenements Goods and Chattels c. And we Will and Command That where this Award is enrolled in any Places of our Court it be cancelled and annulled for ever And so the Roll was cancelled and crossed and remains so at this day with this Memorandum written under the Award Les choses susescrites sont anenties e chaunceles per force dun Agard que se sit au Parlement le Roy a Everwyck a treis semains de Pasch lan du Regne nostre Seign Quinsime sicome est contenue en un Roule que est consu pendant a ceo Roul en le Mois de May prochien These things above written are nulled and cancelled by force of an Award made in the Parlement at York held three Weeks after Easter in the 15th Year of the Reign of our Lord as 't is contained in a Roll sowed to and hanging at this Roll in the Month of May. In 4 Great Stat. Roll. from Hen. III. to 21 Ed. III. M. 31. Biblioth Cotton Claud. D. 2. f. 232. a. The Ordinances examined and annulled in Parlement A. D. 1322. 15 Ed. II. this Parlement at York the Prelates Earls Barons and the Commons of the Realm amongst which were the Ordainers then alive there assembled by the King's Command caused to be rehearsed and examined the Ordinances dated the 5th of October the 5th of Edward II. And for that by Examination thereof it was found in the said Parlement That by the things which were Ordained the King's Power was restrained in many things contrary to what was due to his Seignory Royal and contrary to the State of the Crown And also for that in times past by such Ordinances and Provisions made by Subjects over the Power Royal of the Antecessors of the Lord the King Troubles and Wars came upon the Realm by which the Land or Nation was in danger It was accorded and established in the said Parlement by the Lord the King the Prelates Earls Barons and all the Commonalty of the Realm at that Parlement assembled That all those things Ordained by the Ordainers and contained in those Ordinances from thenceforth for the time to come should cease and lose their Force Virtue and Effect for ever And that from thenceforward in no time no manner of Ordinances or Provisions made by the Subjects of the Lord the King or his Heirs by any Power or Commission whatever over or upon the Power Royal of the Lord the King or his Heirs or against the State of the Crown shall be of value or force But the things that shall be established for the Estate of the King and his Heirs and for the State of the Realm and People may be treated accorded and established in Parlement by the King and by the Assent of the Prelates Earls Barons and Commonalty of the Realm as hath been accustomed This Year the King raised an Army and about the Feast of St. James marched into Scotland the Scots fearing his Power went over the Scots Sea 5 Tho. de la Moor f. 596. n. 20. 30. The King raiseth an Army against the Scots and goesin Person The Army bâ—ffled The Scots invade England plunder and burnt almost as far as York ultra Mare Scoticum se conferunt that is Edinburgh Frith carrying with them and destroying all the Victuals on this side and in a short time the King returns into England his Army not having wherewithal to subsist The Scots come over the Frith and follow him by Night-marches and almost surprized him in his Camp in Blackmore-Forest but he escaping with a few they took the Earl of Richmond and the King of France his Envoy with many others and waste the Country with Fire and Rapine almost as far as York they burnt Ripon and compounded with Beverly for 400 l. Sterling and returned home laden with Spoils 3 Wals Hypoâ— Nâ—ustr f. 503. n. 40. Hist f. 17. n. 50 f. 18. lin 1 c. The King Kingdom of Scotland send to Rome to take off the Excommunication and Interdict but prevail not The Two Cardinals 6 sent from the Pope in the 10th of the King as there noted to make Peace between the Two Nations of England and Scotland and Reconcile the King and Earl of Lancaster but their Negociation being without Effect in Scotland Excommunicated Robert Brus King thereof and put the whole Kingdom under Interdict for their Perfidiousness to the King of England To take off both the 7 Ibm. f. 505. n. 30 40. Hist uâ— suprâ— Bishop of Glasco and the Earl of Murray were sent to Rome by King and Kingdom but prevailed not Satisfaction not having been given to the Pope nor King and Kingdom of England Whereupon Robert Brus desired of the King of England a Truce 8 De la Moor ut supra A Truce for 53 years between England and Scotland which was granted to him for Thirteen Years Philip the 9 Mexer Hist f. 345. Fair of France left Three Sons who all Reigned after him Lewis the Eldest Reigned but Nineteen Months to him succeeded Philip called the Long he Reigned Five Years and Six Weeks 1 Ibm. f
the King's Duties and Purveyance thro the Kingdom as if he had been King and he and his Party had with them double the Company of Men and Horse that were with the King in destruction of the People not paying for their Quarters more then they pleased 13. Also the said Roger by his Royal Power caused the King to grant to the Mounting of 200 Irish of those that killed the Great Men and others which were in the King's Faith whereas the King ought immediately to have Revenged their Deaths rather then Pardoned them contrary to the Statute and Assent of Parlement 14. Also the said Roger contrived to have destroyed the King's Secret Friends in whom he had most Confidence and he surmised to the King in the presence of the Queen his Mother the Bishops of Lincoln and Salisbury and others of his Council That his said Secret Friends had excited him to Combine with his Enemies beyond Sea in Destruction of the Queen his Mother and of him the said Roger and this he affirmed so impudently upon the King as he could not be believed against what he had said And for these things he had been apprehended and for many others not as yet fit to be declared Wherefore the King charged the Earls and Barons the Peers of the Land as these things concerned himself themselves and all the People of the Realm to do right and true Judgment upon him for the Crimes above-written as notorious and known to be true to themselves and all the People of the Kingdom The Earls Barons and Peers having Examined the Articles The Peers Opinion concerning the Articles against Mortimer came into Parlement before the King and they all delivered their Opinion by one of their Peers That all things contained in the Articles were notorious and known â—â— themselves and the People wherefore they as Judges in Parlement by assent of the King did Award and Judge the said Roger as Traitor and Enemy to the King The Judgment against Mortimer and Kingdom to be Drawn and Hanged and commanded the Earl Marshall to Execute the Judgment and to the Major Aldermen and Sheriffs of London the Constable of the Tower and those who had the Guard of him to be aiding to the Earl Marshall at the Execution which was done on Thursday next after the * Monday the 26th of November was the first day of this Parlement St. Katherin being the 25th See the Summons in Append. n. 82. first day of the Parlement being the 29th day of November He was not brought to Answer but Condemned without hearing and for that reason this Judgment was Reversed as Erroneous and made void by Act of Parlement and his Grandchild Roger Restored to his Title and Estate Rot. Parl. 28 Ed. III. n. 8 9 10 11 12. In the 8 Rot. Parl. 4 Edw. III. n. 2. Simon Bereford charged as a Confederate with Mortmer same Parlement the King charged the Earls Barons and Peers to give right and true Judgment against Simon de Bereford Knight who had been aiding and advising to Roger Mortimer in all the Treasons Felonies and Wickednesses for which he was adjudged to Death as it was notorious and known to the said Peers who came before the King in Parlement and said all with one Voice disirent touz come d'une voice that the said Simon was not their Peer wherefore they were not bound to Judge him as Peer of the Land but for that it was a thing notorious and known to all that he was aiding and advising to the said Roger in all the Felonies Treasons and Villanies abovesaid which were in Vsurpation of Royal Power Murder of the Liege Lord Murdre de Seigneur Lige and destruction of Royal Blood and that he was guilty of divers other Felonies and Robberies and principal Maintainer of Robbers and Felons they as Peers and Judges of Parlement by Assent of the King do Award and Adjudge him as Traitor and Enemy to the King and Realm to be Drawn and Hanged Adjudged to be Drawn and Hanged and the Earl Marshall had Command to do Execution which was done on the Monday next after the Feast of St. Thomas the Apostle All the Peers Earls and Barons in this 9 Ib. n. 3. John Maltravers Practice and Contrivance against the Earl of Kent Parlement agreed That John Mautravers was guilty of the Death of Edmond Earl of Kent the King's Uncle as he that chiefly traiterously and falsely compassed it and whereas he knew King Edward was dead he cunningly and by his false and wicked Subtleties made the Earl think and believe King Edward was alive the which false Contrivance was the cause of all the ensuing Evils wherefore as Peers and Judges of Parlement they award the said John to be Drawn Hanged and Beheaded as a Traytor when he should be found Judged to be Drawn Hanged and Beheaded A Thousand Marks to him that should take him alive Five hundred Pounds for his Head and prayed the King to issue his Proclamation That any one who could take him alive and bring him to the King should have 1000 Marks and if he could not be taken alive he that should bring his Head should have 500 l. of the King's Gift Further 1 Ib. n. 4. The same Judgment against Bogo de Bayons and John Deveroil the same Judgment was given against Bogo de Bayons and * This John Deveroil or Daverel was a Creature of Mortimer's and Governor of Corf Castle where 't was reported King Edward was who being sent to by the Earl of Kent told the Messenger he was there alive and well but that no body might see or speak with him but such as were sent by the Queen or Mortimer John Deveroil for the same Cause and he that could take Bogo alive and bring him to the King should have 100 l. or bring his Head should have 100 Marks and he that could take John alive and bring him to the King should have 100 Marks or could bring his Head should have 40 l. The same Judgment 2 Ib. n. 5. The same Judgment against Thomas de Gurney and William de Ocle for the same cause was given against Thomas de Gurney and William de Ocle for the Death of King Edward Father of the King that then was pur la mort le Roi Edward piere nostre Seigneur c. That they falsely and traiterously Murdered him and he that could take Thomas alive was to have 100 l. or bring his Head 100 Marks he that could bring William Ocle alive was to have 100 Marks or his Head 40 l. Amongst the Pleas of the Crown in this 3 Append. n. 84. Thomas de Berkele Arraigned found not guilty Parlement is contained the Arraignment of Thomas de Berkele Knight for the Death of King Edward the Second for that the said King was committed to the keeping of the said Thomas and John Mautravers in the Castle of the said Thomas
he would be honoured thro the whole World and his Liege People safe in all Points and preserved for ever Then also he shewed to the Great Men and Commons how that he and others that were with the King for the Charge they had been at to have his Allies and others to march with him into France were obliged with him for 300000 l. Sterling or more and how that the King and his Friends could not honourably depart from thence without giving his Creditors And requires a very great Sum of Money Satisfaction and likewise that for this Cause and for the Maintenance of him and his Quarrel which was undertaken by the common assent of them all and for his Business on this side the Water he ought to be supplied with a very great Sum. Whereupon in this great Necessity 5 Ib. n. 5. The Great Men give him every Tenth Sheaf Fleece and Lamb c. it was thought convenient to Ayd him with a very great Sum or he would be dishonoured and he and his People destroyed for ever and it was agreed by the Great Men les Grantz ont Grante to give him every Tenth Sheaf Fleece and Lamb of their Demeasnes except of their Bond Tenents The Commons 6 Ib. n 8. The Commons desire another Parlement Give their Reason for it And pray the Two best valued Knights may be chosen in every County declare themselves very forward and willing to assist the King but they pray the Duke of Cornwall Guardian of England and the Lords That he would summon a Parlement to meet in convenient time That the mean while they might go into the Country to endeavour to have an Ayd granted answerable to the King's Necessity and they further pray That Two of the best valued Knights might be chosen in every County for that Parlement Accordingly the Guardian issued 7 Gâ— 13 E. III. Part. 2. M. 1. Dors The Commons give 30000 Sacks of Wooll Writs on the 16th of November for another Parlement to meet Eight days after St. Hillary or 20th of January in which the Commons gave the King 30000 Sacks of 8 Rot. Parl. 13 Ed. III. Part. 2. n. 5 6. 7. The Clergy give nothing because c. Wooll upon certain Conditions comprised in Indentures made hereupon The Clergie gave nothing because in the Eleventh year of his Reign they gave a 19 Adam Marymouth A D. 1337. Triennial Tenth toward the War coming then on with the King of France and to pay Germans Brabanters and others Confederated with him against that King 1 Walsingh f. 147. n. 20. the three years being not then expired The King and Queen 2 Ib. n. 10. King Edward writes to the Peers and Great Mâ—n of France of all sorts and Plebeians Setting forth his Title to that Kingdom kept their Christmass at Antwerp and afterwards went to Gant in Flanders from whence he wrote to all the Prelates and Persons Ecclesiastic to the Peers Dukes Earls Barons Nobles and Plebeians of the Kingdom of France setting forth his Title as aforesaid and telling them That Philip of Valois intruded himself into the Kingdom by force in his Minority and possessed it against God and Justice Therefore lest he should seem to neglect his own Right and the Gift of Heavenly Grace or submit to the Divine Pleasure he claimed the Kingdom and Government in hope of Celestial help Ne videamur jus nostrum Donum Declaring what he would do if possessed of it Celestis Gratiae negligere c. declaring he would be very Gratious to the Good and Obedient and do Justice to every one according to the Laâ—dible Rites and Custumes of the Kingdom To Reform all things were amiss and add according to the Condition of the Times what was best and most expedient for them by assent of the Peers Prelates and Great Men and his faithful Subjects The Letter as written in Latin begins thus 3 Rob. Avers p. 83. a. cap. 28. Edwardus Dei Gratia Rex Franciae Angliae ac Dominus Hiberniae Vniversis Ecclesiarum Praelatis Personis aliis Ecclesiasticis Paribus Ducibus Comitibus Baronibus Nobilibus ac Plebeis in Regno Franciae constitutis veram noticiam subscriptorum universorum c. Edward by the Grace of God King of France and England Lord of Ireland to all Prelates of Churches c. as above Dat. apud Gandavum 8 die Februarii Anno Regni nostri Franciae primo Angliae vero Decimo quarto Dated at Gant the 8th of February in the First year of our Reign of France and of England the Fourteenth Some short time after he came for England and at Harwich on the 21st day of February he issued 4 Claus 13 Ed. III. pars 1. M. 33. Dors Summons for a Parlement his Summons for a Parliament to meet on Wednesday next after Midlent Sunday The cause of Summons was declared to be for granting the King a great Aid or 5 Rot. Parl. 14 E. III. pars 1. n. 5 6 7. A great Ayd desired The King in Debt and was to remain as a Prisoner at Brussels until it was paid The Lords and Knights of Shires give the 9th Sheaf Fleece and Lamb. The Citizens and Burgesses a 9th of all their Goods according to the true value he would be for ever dishonoured and his Lands as well on this side as beyond the Sea in great danger if he should loose his Allies And further he was in his own proper Person to return to Brussels and stay there as a Prisoner until the Sum he was ingaged for there was all paid and in case he had a sufficient Aid all these Mischiefs would cease and his Design with the help of God have a good issue c. Wherefore upon his Request the Prelates Earls Barons and Knights of Shires having regard to the Mischiefs c. granted him the Ninth Sheaf Fleece and Lamb and the Citizens and Burgesses the very Ninth of all their Goods according to the true value for two years next coming upon condition he would grant their Petitions presented to him and his Council In this Parliament 6 Ib. n. 9 10. The Commons make it their Request not to be subject to the King as King of France the Great Men and Commons made it their Request that seeing the King had taken upon him the Title of King of France and changed his Arms they might not be bound to obey him as King of France nor the Kingdom of England put in subjection to him as King of France or to the Kingdom of France le fist faire lettres patentes de Indempnite he thereupon caused to be made Letters Patents of Indemnity 7 Append. n. 86. On the 30th of May next following declaring in the Writ 8 Claus 14 Ed. III. pars 1. M. 23. Dors A Parlement called his intentions of going beyond Sea for the Defence and Safety of his Kingdom of England and the
K. Edward according to the French Historians him at Sea did not admit them to these Terms as the French Historians Froysard Du Chesne de Serres and Mezeray report until they sent Six of their Chief Burgesses bare-headed and bare-footed in their Shirts with Ropes about their Necks to deliver the Keys of the Town and Castle to him with a total Submission to his Pleasure He was greatly resolved to put them to death but his Queen then in the Camp by an importune Intercession obtained their Lives 'T is very remarkable That as the same Historians say at a Meeting of the Townsmen to appoint or chuse the Six to send out they were in great Difficulties and Perplexity Eustace of St. Peter the most Noted of them to save his Fellow Burghers offered himself to be one by whose Example there soon followed others to make up the Number 9 The same Historians The Keys thus delivered and the King in possession of the Town all the old Inhabitants were removed by his Authority and it was new Peopled with English to whom he gave all their Goods 1 p. 116. a. c. 8. Avesbury reports none of those Terms but gives a more fair account of of the Usage them Robert of Avesbury hath nothing of this Relation of the Six Burghers being demanded or thus sent out he only says That the Besieged wanting Victuals and hopeless of Relief ipsam villam ac se sua omnia voluntati Domini Regis Angliae reddiderunt idem Dominus Rex semper misericors benignus captis retentis paucis de Majoribus Communitatem dictae villae cum bonis suis omnibus gratiose permisit abire rendred the Town themselves and all they had to the King's Will who always merciful and kind retained only a few of the Chief Persons and graciously permitted the Community of the Town to go away with their Goods Soon after the taking of 2 Rot. Cales 22 Ed. III. M. 4. Calais by the Mediation of the Cardinals the Earls of Lancaster and Huntington Ralph Lord Stafford Walter de Manny and others had Commission to Treat of a Truce with the Commissioners of Philip de Valois which was concluded A Truce made at Calais affirmed and sworn to on the 28th of September 1347 to continue till 15 Days after Midsummer next following 3 Aves p. 116. b. â—17 a. c. 69 70. The Chief of the Articles were the same with the Truce made before Tournay In a very short time after having settled the Town with his Affairs in those Parts making Sir Amery de Pavy an Italian Governour thereof 4 Wals f. 167. n. 50. K. Edw. returns into England he returned into England with great Glory and Renown The Number of King Edward's Army at this time in France Normandy and before Calais besides the Lords 5 Append. n. 92. The number of his Army What their Pay for a year and 21 weeks was 31294. And the whole Pay and Wages of this Number from the 4th of June in the 20th Year of his Reign to the 12th of October in the 21st of his Reign being a Year and 131 Days amounted to 127201 l. 2. s. 9 d. ob as appears by the Particulars Within 5 or 6 Weeks after his Return on the 13th of November he sent forth 6 Claus 21 Ed. III. Part 2. M. 9. Dors Summons for a Parlement Writs of Summons for a Parlement to meet on the morrow of St. Hillary or 14th of January The cause 7 Rot. Parl. n. 4. The cause of Summons of Summons by William de Thorp Lord Chief Justice was declared to be for two things First concerning the War with France undertaken by Consent of the Lords and Commons The Second how the Peace of the Nation might be kept And that within four Days they should give their Answer to the King and his Council what they thought of these things The fourth Day the Commons declare 8 Ibm. n. 5. The Commons not able to advise any thing concerning the War That they are not able to advise any thing concerning War and therefore desired to be excused as to that and that the King will be advised by his Nobles and Council and what shall be by them Determined they would Consent unto Confirm and Establish To the second they answer 9 Ibm. n. 70. The Commons Advice to the King about keeping the Peace Having been long in Parlement they desire to be dismissed Whereas they were charged to advise the King how the Peace of the Land might be better kept That in every County there should be Six Persons of whom Two to be the Greatest of the County Two Knights and Two Men of the Law or more or less as need should be and they to have Power and Commission out of the Chancery to hear and determine Matters concerning the Peace c. And then because they had been so long in Parlement to their great Costs and Mischief they desire the Answer to their Petitions and a Dismission 'T is probable the King received not the Satisfctaion he expected Summons to Parlement from this Parlement for within a Month and 3 Days after the firstday of the Meeting thereof he issued 1 Rot. Claus 22 Ed. III. Part 1. M. 32. Dors Writs for Summoning another that is to say on the 14th of February to meet on Monday next after the Sunday in Midlent On which Day because the Great Men Summoned were not fully come the Parlement was continued until the next Day and for the same reason unto Wednesday Pur ceo que les Grantz gestoient somons ne furent pas pleynement venuz fu continuez tanque le Mardy prochien suant pui pur mesme la cause du dit Mardy tanque a Meskerdy When Monsieur 2 Rot. Parl. 22 Ed. III. n. 2 3. The cause of Summons declared William de Thorp Chief Justice propounded the Causes of Summons fully also contained in the Writ which were two The first That according to the Truce made at Calais between the King and his Adversary of France certain Messengers were to be sent to the Court of Rome on both Parts to treat of a smal Peace between them That King Edward had sent his competent Messengers to find the Disposition of the Pope concerning some Preparatories for the Treaty and other things about the Feast of St. Andrew last past in hopes to have heard from them in his last Parlement of whom or of what they had done he had then received no certainty and for that many notable things had been agreed last Truce in favour of him his Subjects and Allies by the Malice of the adverse Party were not then accomplished And also for that his said Adversary contrary to his Faith given concerning the then hoped-for Peace had provided a very great Multitude Trop grant multitude des Gentz d'Armes of Men at Arms and others with Ships and Gallies
effect for the Faults found with it on the part of his Adversary pour defaute coupe trove de la part son Adversair That while his Ambassadors remained there the King of Navarre who about two Years before had Married 3 Mezeray f. 372. The King abused and cheated by the King of Navarre Jane the King of France's Daughter had complained often to the Duke of Lancaster of the 4 Rot. Parl. ut supra Wrongs and Hardships he had suffered from the King of France affirming upon his Oath he would willingly enter into an Alliance with the King against his Adversary with all his Power and pressed him so often that at last the Duke promised an Alliance if the King pleased That thereupon he engaged to make himself as strong as he could with Ships and Land Forces and come to the Isles Guernsey and Jersey to affirm and make good the Alliance pur affermer secure lalliance That for this cause upon the Duke's return into England the King informed of this Agreement caused to be got ready an Army and Fleet of great Ships with which he sailed out of the Thames towards the Isles and the Winds being contrary with much trouble got to Portsmouth and there staid so long as he received certain Intelligence the King of Navarre would not proceed in or had quitted the Alliance que le Roy de Navarre entre lesse la dite Alliance against his Promise and Oath and was become an Allie of his Adversary Whereupon the King returned with his Fleet and Forces nostre Seigneur se retourna ove sa Navie Gentz and seeing he could not have Peace and the Alliance failed and also that his Adversary made himself strong with Men at Arms and other Forces near Calais thinking to have a speedy Battel with him he resolved The King passeth to Calais with his Fleet and Army His Foreign Allies with his Fleet and Army to pass over to Calais That when he was landed by Advice of his Council he Mustered his own Forces and those of his Allies which he found there as those of Monsieur Henry de Flanders Monsieur Frank de Vanhale and other People of Almain in great number and marched out of Calais on the Feast of All-Souls or 2d of November toward the He could not provoke the King of France to Battel Places where by Spies or other means he could be informed his Adversary was that he might bring him to a Battel But to avoid that he fled Night and Day the King pursuing him wasting and burning the Country throughout degastant ardent bruillant le pays par tut until by Assent of his Council because his People were much wearied for want of Wine having drank His Men wearied for want of Wine only Water for near four Days per cause que les Gentz fuerent molt lassez pur defaute de Vin ne buerent que de eau bien per quatre jours he returned toward Calais where he designed to have fought his Enemy but he came not Then he paid off his Allies very He pays off his Allies and returns into England frankly they having been there a long time and returned into England to his Parlement After this Relation the 5 Ib. n. 10. Commons were told by Sir William Shareshull Chief Justice of the Kings-Bench They ought to have regard to the great Trouble the King had endured for the Defence and Safety of the Kingdom and of his Readiness to march into Scotland against his Enemies who had taken the Speedy Advice desired of the Parlement The King desires to finish the War with France Town of Berwick by Force And that to shorten the Time of Parlement and their stay in the Town they were to give speedy Advice what was best for the King to do to make an end of the War with France which he desired sovereignly or above all things might be done with dispatch quel il desire sovereignment que soit fait en hast and how he might be best aided to do it to the least Grievance of his People and most Profit to himself he gave them time to answer until Friday next following en sur ceo les dona jour de Respons de Vendredy preschien suant and in the mean time to prepare their Bills and Petitions and bring them into Parlement 6 Ibm. n. 11. A quen Vendredy vindrent les dites Comunes en la presence nostre dit Seigneur le Roy Prelatz Grantz assemblez en la Chambre blanche el eue illoques une brief parlance ove les dits Grantz Granterent uniement c. On which Friday the Commons came into the presence of the King Prelates and Great Men assembled in the White Chamber and having there a short Conference A Subsidy of 6 years granted to the King with the said Great Men Granted uniemen dune accort unanimously and of one accord to the King the Subsidy of Wooll Leather and Woolfel's for six years next coming So as during that time the King should not put any Impositions or other Charges upon the Commons and then they brought their Petitions before the King who answered them Avesbury in his 7 p. 126. a. b. c. 95. His Expedition into France Narrative of the King's Expedition into France tells us That after his return to Calais on Wednesday the Feast of St. Martin or 11th of November the Constable of France and others met the Duke of Lancaster the Earl of Northampton and Sir Walter Manny at the end of the Causway of Calais and by Letters of Credence from their King offered Battel to the King of England on Tuesday following The English Lords answered by the King's Command de Praecepto Regio That it was his Intention as much as he could to avoid the Effusion of Christian Blood and therefore desired to fight Body to Body with his Adversary so as the whole Right to the Crown of France might be decided by this Battel between them two And if this was refused That each of them should take to him his Eldest Son and if he admitted not that Then both to chuse Two Three or Four Knights the nearest to them in Blood to be joined to them and their Sons that so the Right to the Kingdom of France might be finally determined and that he who was Conquered should yield it to the Conqueror Which Offers the French refused standing to their Proposition of Fighting on Tuesday The English offered to Fight the next Day or Saturday The French persisted in their First Offer which the English accepted upon Condition That if they could not bring their King to Battel on that Day they should render themselves Prisoners to the King of England as in like manner they would render themselves Prisoners to the King of France if they brought not then their King to Battel The French refused this Offer and the English thought they trifled with King Edward
of the Dukedom without delay during the Truce all but 200 Men to guard the Towns and Places the Duke held there The Two Kings to have 9 Ibm. Commissioners at Bruges on the 15th of September next coming to Treat of Peace The residue of the Articles are of less moment These were confirmed by John King of Castile and Leon Duke of Lancaster with Protestation That the Title of King of France given to King Charles Adversary to his Father nor the Title of King of Castile given to Henry his Adversary might in no manner prejudice either of them or their Titles In Winter the 48th of Edward III. the 1 Rot. Fran. 48 Ed. III. M. 6. Earl of Cambridge and Duke of Bretagne were made the King's Lieutenants in France but went not till the next 2 Claus 49 Ed III. M 46. Spring for whose good Success Publick Prayers were appointed to be made In this Expedition 3 Froys cap. 313. there went with the Earl and Duke several Noblemen and Persons of Quality and in a short time he recovered many of his Towns in Bretagne and had laid siege to the Town of Campelly when Sir Nicholas Carswell and Sir Walter Vrswick were sent to him by the Duke of Lancaster to quit the Siege and give over that War as being included in the Truce made at Bruges On the 28th of December next following the Truce 4 Claus 49 Ed. III. M. 6. Dors Summons to Parlement Writs of Summons were sent forth for a Parlement to meet on the 12th of February Afterwards before it met by Writs Dated 5 Ibm. M 4. Dors the 20th of January the King thought fit to Prorogue it duximus prorogandum to the Monday after the Feast of St. George but it sate not till the next Day when the Prelates Dukes Earls Barons and other Great Men and Commons Justices Serjeants of the Law and others assembled in the Painted Chamber before the King 6 Rot. Parl. 50 Ed. III. n. 2. A quel Lendemain s'assemblerent les Prelates Ducs Contes Barons les autres Grantz Comunes Justices Sergeantz de Ley autres en la Chambre de Peynte And there Sir John Knivet declared the Causes of holding the Parlement which were three 1. The First and Principal was To advise about the Good Government The cause of Summons and Peace of the Realm of England 2. The Second For the Defence and Safety of the Kingdom as well by Sea as Land 3. The Third To take Order for the Maintenance of the War with France and otherwhere and how and in what manner it might be done for the best Profit quickest Dispatch and greatest Honour of the King and Kingdom And then told them expresly That what the King always had done was by their good Counsel Comfort and Assistance tout dys par lour bons Conseilx Confortes Aides for which the King The Lords advise by themselves and the Commons by themselves entirely thanked them and desired they would diligently advise about these Matters the Prelates and Lords by themselves and the Commons by their selves and give their Good Answer lour bone Responce as soon as they well could The Commons 7 Ibm. n. 8. A Committee of Lords assigned by Parlement to go to the Commons c. went to their ancient Place the Chapter-House of the Abbey of Westminster and the Prelates and Lords went by themselves and there were assigned in Parlement fuerent assignez in Parlement the Bishops of London Norwich Carlisle and St. Davids the Earls of March Warwick Stafford and Suffolk They agree about the Grant of a Subsidy the Lord Percy Sir Guy de Bryan Sir Henry Lescrop and Sir Richard de Stafford to go to the Commons and assist them in Treating and Conferring upon the things before declared They agreed upon the Grant of a Subsidy which begins as followeth Les Seigneurs Coes 8 Ib. n. 9. assemblez en cest present Parlement eantz consideration The Lords and Commons assembled in Parlement having Consideration of the very great Charges and Expences the King hath and must be at for the maintaining of his Wars his Noble Estate and otherwise granted him the Subsidy of Of Wooll c. Wooll Leather and Woollfells as it was granted him in the Parlement holden at Westminster in the 47th of his Reign from the Feast of St. Michael next coming when the Subsidy then granted ended to the end of three years and the Commons humbly pray the King to be excused That they gave him no other Subsidy or Ayd for his Wars for that they were brought so low and so disabled by the Pestilence the Murrain among their Beasts and destruction of their Grain and other Fruits that they could not do otherwise at present but promised if any extraordinary Case should happen they would Ayd him to the utmost of their Power as they had done before beyond all the Commons of the World to their Liege Lord. After this the Commons considering 9 Ib. n. 10. the Mischiefs of the Land do shew unto the King and Lords of Parlement That it would be for the Honour and Profit of the King and the whole Land which is grieved in divers manners by many Adversities as well by the Wars of France Spain Ireland Guyen Britain and other-where so that the Officers about the King without The Commons pray Ten or twelve Persons may be added to the King's Council c. other assistance were not sufficient for so great Busines wherefore they pray the King's Council may be inforced or augmented with Lords Prelates and others to the number of Ten or Twelve who should be continually with the King so as no great business should pass without their Assent and Advice nor small Matters without the Advice and Assent of Six or Four of them at least as the Case required The which Request the King understanding 1 Ibm. The King grants their Prayer upon Condition it was honourable and very profitable to him and the whole Realm granted provided always that the Chancellor Treasurer and Privy Seal and all other the King's Officers might execute their Offices without the presence of any the said Counsellors which the King was to assign from time to time of such as he pleased who were to be Sworn to keep this Ordinance and to do Right to every one according to their Power without receiving any Reward for so doing That none of 2 Ib. n. 11. The King's Officers not to receive Gifts c. the King's Officers should receive any Gifts Fees or Rewards other then their Salaries Liveries and Travelling Charges The Commons make Protestation 3 Ib. n. 15. The Commons ready to ayd the King with Body and Goods Complain of Evil Counsellors and Officers That they were and always have been and will be ready to Ayd the King with their Bodies and Goods to the utmost of their Power but they
and other Burthens by the Pope lately made To the Slander Dishonour and Depression of the whole Church of England and Disinheriting of our Lord the King and his Crown and other Nobles of the Kingdom and in Offence and Destruction of the Laws and Rights thereof and most grievous Damage of his People and Subversion of the State of the whole Realm against the Will of God and the good Design of the Founders of these Benefices and against the Provision Ordinance Accord Decree and Consideration aforesaid made by his Grandfather and and Council and they pray the King he would please to have regard to the Church of England to the Indemnity and Disinheriting of himself the Earls Barons Nobles and Commonalty and Ordain Remedy He by assent of the Earls Barons and Nobles and the Commonalty of his Realm Provided Ordained Accorded Decreed and Considered That as well within the Franchise of the Cinque-Ports as other-where upon the Sea Coasts and thro all the Counties of the Kingdom as well within Franchise as without open Proclamation should be made That none of what Estate or Condition soever he was be he Stranger or Denizen should from henceforward bring or cause to be brought upon grievous forfeiture to the King Letters Bulls Process Reservations Instruments or other things prejudicial to the King or his People to deliver to Arch-Bishops Bishops Abbats Priors Earls Barons or any others within the Realm and that none by virtue of such Provisions or Reservations receive Benefices of Holy Church and that none upon the forfeiture aforesaid receive or take such Letters Bulls Process or Instruments touching such Provisions and Reservations nor by reason thereof make Institution or Induction or any other manner of Execution of them and that none do or suffer to be done any other thing that may be prejudicial to the King or his People or Blemish the Rights of his Crown or the Provisions Ordinances Accords Decrees and Consideration beforesaid And also it was further agreed That diligent search should be made in all Places needful for all and every one coming into the Kingdom and that all who shall be taken by such Search or Enquest to be taken or by other Information bringing Letters Bulls Process Reservations Instruments or other things prejudicial to the King or his People and all those who by them receive any Benefices and place themselves in or be received into them And also those that by Authority of such Letters Bulls Process Reservations or Instruments shall or do make any Appeals Citations or Process against the Patrons of the Benefices or those they have Presented or any others or shall Prosecute or cause to be Prosecuted in any Court whatever where they have done or procured to be done any thing in prejudice of the King or the Earls Barons Nobles and Commonalty aforesaid or of the Provisions Ordinances Accords Decrees and Consideration and against the Proclamation and Inhibition aforesaid shall be taken and arrested by their Bodies and the Letters Bulls Process and Instruments upon such Provisions and Reservations shall be taken from them or others wherever they are to be found and sent before the King's Council with their Bodies that brought them into England Wales Ireland or the County of Chester or Prosecuted any Execution of them with the Bodies of all others that shall be taken and arrested for the cause abovesaid to take and receive what the Court shall award and that hereupon Writs to that purpose be sent thro the whole Realm According to this Agreement a Proclamation and Writs were issued but without effect for in the Parlement 1 Clause 18 Ed. III. Part 1. M. 14. Dors next year which began Eight days after Holy Trinity the Commons prayed the King 2 Rot. Parl. 18 Ed III. n. 33. That the Provisions Ordinances and Accord made in the Parlement of the 17th year of his Reign concerning the Provisions and Reservations de la Court de Rome of the Court of Rome might be confirmed and made a perpetual Statute It was also 3 Ib. n. 36. ordered That the King present to the Prebends Dignities Churches and Chappels of such as lived in his Enemies Countreys or seize them into his Hands and employ the Profits in Defence of the Land and Holy Church except so much as should maintain the Houses and provide for Divine Service 4 Ib. n. 37. and that any one who should bring any thing prejudicial to this Order from beyond Sea should be taken and carried back again And further That these Writs and Proclamation were of no effect it appears by another 5 Append. n. 99. Proclamation this year directed to the Sheriffs of London in which all these Provisions Ordinances and Agreements are recited and in which it is said further That some Provisors such as had received Benefices c. by the Pope's Provisions as well Strangers as Denizens their Proctors and Messengers not considering the said Provisions Ordinances Concords Decrees Proclamation and Inhibitions nor the Punishments contained in them had brought Letters Bulls Process Reservations and Instruments into the Kingdom prejudicial to the King and his People and had delivered them to Arch-Bishops Bishops Abbats Priors and others as well Denizens as Strangers to be Executed since and contrary to the Proclamation and Inhibition aforesaid and the Arch-Bishops Bishops and others receiving them by virtue thereof admitted and inducted very many Provisors and their Proctors or Substitutes into Benefices which they possessed to the disinheriting and intolerable prejudice of the King his Crown and People against the Form of the Provisions Concords Decrees Considerations Proclamation and Inhibitions aforesaid And you that is the Sheriffs of London have attempted somewhat against that Proclamation and Inhibition and have hitherto neglected to obey our Command therein at which we are much troubled and then he comes to the Inhibition according to the Points of the former Agreement Provision and Ordinance including all those that admitted or inducted any into Benefices according to the Pope's Bulls and Reservations under the greatest Forfeiture that could be made and concludes They should so behave themselves in the Execution of this present Proclamation and Command as he might not have cause to prosecute them as Favourers of his and the Kingdom 's Enemies Witness the King at Westminster the 30th of January in the Eighteenth year of his Reign of England and of France the Fifth By the King and the whole Council In the same manner all the Sheriffs of England received the King's Commands That they put in Execution the Proclamation in their several Counties and Shires and also Bartholomew de Burghersh Constable of Dover Castle and Keeper of the Five Ports In a Parlement holden on the 8th of September in the 20th of his Reign by Leonel his Son Guardian of England 6 Rot. Parl. 20 Ed. III. n. 30. the Commons Petition that the Alien Monks might be made to go out of England before Michaelmass next
the Titles to them being Examined by the most knowing of the King's Council it was adjudged 3 Ibm. by the King and his Council he might Execute them by himself and sufficient Deputies 4 Ibm. and on the Thursday next before the Coronation which was also on a Thursday he sate de precepto Regis by the King 's Writ as Steward of England to hear the Claims of all that pretended to have Offices and perform Services on that day On the very day 5 Walsingh Hist f. 193. n. 40 50. of King Edward's Death yet before he was known to be dead there were sent some of the chief Citizens by the City of London to the Prince then at Kingston with his Mother who by John Philpot that was one of them acquainted him That his Father was undoubtedly dying and had the manifest Signs of Death upon him and beseeched his Favour to The Citizens of London desire the King's Protection and Protection of the Citizens and his City of London which was his Chamber it being unspeakably disturbed he was so far from it being ready not only to venture their Estates but also if needful to lay down their Lives for him with Request to him he would come and Reside there and further prayed him he would vouchsafe to put an end to all Discords and Differences between the Citizens and the Duke of Lancaster 6 Ib. f. 194. n. 10 20. which was performed next day by several Persons sent to London for that purpose Froysart 7 F. 196. a. col 2. says England was then to be Governed by the Duke of Lancaster by Accord of all the Land yet soon after the Coronation 8 Walsingh f. 198. n. 20 30. perceiving all things in the Kingdom were like to become new and his Care not to be valued amongst new Men and fearing if any thing should happen amiss to the King or Kingdom it might be imputed to him and that he should for the good he did receive small or no Thanks with the King 's The Duke of Lancaster with the King's Leave retired from Court Leave he retired from Court and went to his Castle of Kenelworth before his departure he promised the King if he should need his assistance to come to him with a greater appearance then any Lord in England or do any other thing that might tend to his Profit or Honour The French on the 21st of August 9 Ib. n. 40 50. The French land in the Isle of Wight landed in the Isle of Wight burnt and plundered some Towns and received a Composition of the Inhabitants to save the rest They then burnt 1 Ib. f. 199. n. 20 30. Hastings in Kent and indeavoured to burn Winchelsey but were repulsed as also at Southampton by Sir John de Arundel the Earl's Brother On the 4th of that month 2 Rot. Clause â— Ric. â—I M. 37. Dâ—rs A Parlement called Writs were issued for a Parlement to meet Fifteen days after Michaelmass The Cause of Summons was declared by the Arch-Bishop of 3 Rot. Parl. 1 2 3 4 5 6. Canterbury and rehearsed by Monsieur Richard Lescrop 4 Ib. n. 11. The Cause of of Summons which were That the Commons would advise the King how in the best manner his and the Kingdom 's Enemies might be resisted and how the Expences of such Resistance was to be born with the greatest Ease to the People and Profit and Honour to the Kingdom The Commons 5 Ib. n. 12. The Commons desire to have a Committee of Lords for their assistance pray the King That for the Arduity of their Charge that is the Declaration of Summons que pur l'arduite de lour charge and for the feebleness of their Powers and Senses la Feoblesce de lours poairs sens That it would please the King to grant them to have the Prelates and Lords under-written for their Ayd and Assistance to Commune or Treat especially with them in their Affairs for the more hasty and good Exploit of the Business wherewith they were charged 6 Ib. n. 13. that is the King of Castile and Leon Duke of Lancaster the Bishops of London Ely Rochester and Carlisle the Earls of March Arundel Warwick and Angos the Lord Nevill Monsieur Henry Lescrop Richard Lescrop and Richard de Stafford which was granted by the King in Parlement The Duke of Lancaster immediately 7 Ibm. The Duke of Lancaster makes his Excuse to the King for not being of that Committee His Relation how he had been accused of Treason and Excuse stood up and falling upon his Knees towards the King humbly prayed him to hear him a little in a weighty Cause that concerned himself and then said the Commons had chosen him for one of the Lords to Commune with them of the said Matters but desired the King would please to Excuse him for that the Commons had spoken Evilly of him and so ill that he had committed manifest Treason if their Report was true which God forbid being always careful not to do any such thing as the truth was notably known and said further None of his Ancestors of * Noâ—e Tâ—â—mas Eâ—rl of Lancaster and his Brother Henry Grandfather to his Wife Blanch in the time of Ed. II. one side or other was ever Traytor but good and Loyal and it was a marvellous thing he should stray out of the Line marveillous chose serroit sil vorroit forveier hors de lyne for that he had more to loose then any other in the Kingdom And more he said That if any Man of what Estate or Condition soever he was should be so hardy as to affirm Treason or other Disloyalty upon him or His general Challenge to defend himself by his Body other thing done by him prejudicial to the Kingdom he was ready to defend himself by his Body or otherwise by Award of the King and Lords as if he were the poorest Knight Bachelor of the Realm Whereupon 8 Ib n. 14. The Lords Excuse him the Prelates and all the Lords stood up and with one Voice Excused and prayed him to leave off such Words for they thought no Man living would say any such thing The Commons 9 Ibm. The Commons Excuse him also said it was apparent and notorious that they thought him free from all Blame and Defamation les Comunes avoient le dit Duc excusez de tout Blasme Diffame inasmuch as they had chosen him to be their principal Ayd Comforter and Counsellâ—r in this Parlement praying with one Voice to have them excused Then the Duke said the Words had been long thrown about the Kingdom falsely and he wondered how any Man could or would begin or continue such a thing for the Disgrace and Danger that might thence arise because the first Inventor of such Speeches by which Debate might be moved between the Lords He moves for a Law against the Inventors
The Bishop of Norwich his 2d Offer Accepted by the King and his Council and approved by the Commons having had time to consider of his first Profer makes a second To serve the King one Year with 2500 Men at Arms and 2500 Archers well Arrayed and Mounted for the whole Fifteenth granted by the Laity of which Number 1000 Men at Arms and 1000 Archers should be ready to pass the Sea for the Relief of Gaunt and the Country of Flanders within 20 Days after the first Payment and that he would take upon him to pay the Charge of Shipping and other Charges 5 Ibm. This Profer was accepted by the King and his Council and much approved of by the Commons This Bishop some time before had received 6 Wâ—â—s f. 291. n. 30 40. The Bishop of Norwich had Bullsfrom Pope Urban for a Croysado against the Anti-Pope Clement Bulls from Pope Vrban for a Croysado and to sign all with the Cross that would go with him into France for the Destruction of the Anti-Pope who called himself Clement and to Sanctifie the War against all his Adherents which were the 7 Knighton col 2671. n. 20 30 c. The Ladies give their Jewels Necklaces Rings c. toward this Croysado French Scots Flemings and many other Nations By virtue of these Bulls he collected a great Sum of Money besides Jewels Necklaces Rings Dishes Spoons and other Silver Implements especially of Ladies and other Women And many gave 8 Ibm. to be pardoned and absolved from their Sins beyond their Ability as it was believed to obtain the Benefit of Absolution and Pardon for their Sins For otherwise they were not absolved unless they contributed according to their Ability Many found Men at Arms others Archers and many went in their own Persons The Form of Absolution was this By Apostolic Authority to me committed 9 Append. â— 105. The Form of the Absolution I do Absolve thee A. B. from all thy Sins which thou dost with a contrite Heart confess or would confess if thou didst remember them and give thee a Full Remission of them the Retribution of the Just and do promise the Increase or Addition of eternal Salvation And I Grant to thee the same Privileges that are Granted to such as go to the Defence of the Holy Land and do impart to thee the Benefit of the Prayers and Suffrages of the Holy Catholic Church To publish this Croysado and to absolve according to this Form there were a sufficient number of Preachers sent beyond Sea and all England over besides all the Mendicant Friers to stir up the People to contribute with a Clerc to take the Names and receive Money of the Contributors not omitting Labourers Knighton Col. 2673. Toward the latter end of 1 Wals f. 298. n. 30 40. The Bishop passeth beyond Sea with his Army May the Bishop passed the Sea with his Army staid a few Days at Calais besieged Graveling and took it by Assault Dunkirk yielded without much trouble where some Flemings joining with the French and Britans to the number of 30000 came toward the Town 2 Ibm. f. 301. lin 11. Knight ut supra n. 50 60. His great Success He besieged Ypre against whom the Bishop tho' but with a small Number in respect of theirs marched out of Dunkirk and gave them Battel taking many and killing 3000 Walsingham says 12000. Afterwards he took in Cassal Dixmude Burburgh Fern Newport and Popering Then he besieged the 3 Knight ib. His Army left the Siege and revolted from him Town of Ypre a long time assaulted it often and was always repulsed and beaten off and at length without his Knowledge the Army left the Siege and Revolted from him The Battering Engines were all left behind with one great Gun called Canterbury-Gun 4 Ibm. col 2672. lin 3. cum una magna Gunna vocata Gunna Cantuariensis The Bishop followed his Army and went to Dunkirk with Sir Hugh Caverse and part of it and from thence to Gravelin Sir Thomas Trivet Sir William Elingham and others went to Burburgh with other part of the Army and fortified it 5 Ibm. n. 10 20 30. The King of France takes Burburgh The King of France comes suddenly upon them with a great Army besieged the Town assaults it and was beaten off with loss Yet within few Days they treated and yielded the Town to the King of France upon Condition to march away with Horse and Arms and all their Goods and so they did to Calais After 6 Wals f. 304. n. 50. f. 305. n. 10 20 30. and Gravelin Burburgh was taken the French Army marched before Graveling and summoned the Bishop to yield the Town The French offered him 15000 Marks to quit the Town with liberty to demolish it and to depart and go whither he would and all with him with all their Goods He desired Time to consider of the Terms and appointed a Day to give his Answer and in the meant time sent to England for Relief which not coming at or before that Day he accepted the Terms levelled the Town to the ground and came for England after Michaelmas And thus ended the Croysado or the Pontifical War Before the Return of the Bishop of Norwich Writs Dated the 20th of August had been 7 Claus 7 Ric. II. M. 37. Dors A. D. 1384. A Parlement called The Reasons of calling it given in the Writ of Summons sent forth for a Parlement to meet on Monday before All-Saints In which Writs notice was given That by Advice and Assent of the Council the Parlement was called for their Mediation and Assistance in a Treaty of Peace to be had then between the King his Kingdom Dominions and Subjects on the one part and Robert King of Scotland his Lands Dominions and Subjects on the other part and for other Difficult and Urgent Business which concerned him the State and Defence of the Kingdom and Church of England Sir Michael de laPole then Chancellor 8 Rot. Parl. 2 Ric. II n. 3. The same and other Causes of Summons declared by the Chancellor shewed the Causes of Parlement to be for that the Truce with the Scots was to end at Candlemas next and whereas the Duke of Lancaster had been sent to renew it he was returned and brought back That the Scots would send Commissioners to London to manage the Treaty about it Another Cause was 9 Ib. n. 4 5 to provide against Three Powerful Enemies Spain France and lately Flanders And here he offered several Reasons to prove it was better for us to begin and make War upon them than they upon us or suffer them to invade us Further shewing That these Wars were not to be imputed to the King seeing that with the Crown they descended to him And the last Cause was 1 Ib. n. 6. for the Maintenance of good Laws and Security of the Peace when he put them in mind of
them to the Parlement which was to begin on the Monday next after the Exaltation of Holy Cross or 14th of September which was that Year on the Friday so as the Parlement began the 17th of that Month. First the Bill 6 Ibm. The Effect of the Bill of Appeal and the Articles against them sets forth That the Duke of Glocester and Earl of Arundel designing to accroach and have the Government of his Royal Person and Kingdom his Liberties and all his Dignities as well within the Kingdom as without when the Parlement sate at Westminster in the 10th Year of his Reign sent a Peer of the Land to him who on their Behalf and by their Command told him That if he would not Consent to make to Them and Others they should Name such a Commission whereby they might have the Government as above he should be in Danger of his Life and the Lords and Commons of Parlement would depart without his Leave and then he should see in what a strait Condition he would be in So that by their Power and for Fear he granted such a Commission as they desired And then follows the Commission Dated at Westminster Nov. 19. in the 10 of his Reign by virtue whereof the Commissioners took the Government upon them Also 7 Ibm. the Duke and Earl of Arundel to accomplish their Traiterous Purpose and to have your Person ordered as they pleased and the Government of your whole State Laws Majesty and Dignity prevailed with Thomas Earl of Warwic and Thomas Mortimer to join with them in their Traiterous Design who by Agreement as Traitors to the King and Kingdom all met and assembled on the 13th of November in the 11th Year of your Reign at Haringay in Middlesex with a great Number of People Armed and Arrayed And made divers of your Liege People in several Parts of your Realm to rise and march with them against you contrary to their Legiance And would not come before your Presence until they were secured by your Oath they might come and return safely which notwithstanding they all came before you in your Palace at Westminster with great Force of Armed Men and traiterously Constrained you to take them into your safe Protection against your Will Also 8 Ibm. the Duke the Earls of Arundel and Warwic and Thomas Mortimer continuing their Traiterous Purpose by Force of People did take and imprison divers of your Liege People and amongst others Sir Simon Burley and brought him to your Parlement held on the morrow of the Purification in the 11th of your Reign and there suggested divers Points of Crime and Treason against him And the Advice of every Lord then present was asked concerning the Crimes of the said Simon and afterwards the Duke and Earls would know your Advice or Opinion voloint savoir vostre avys and you answered plainly He was not Guilty in any Point objected against him And after that the Duke and Earls caused you to come into a secret Place at Westminster and shew you the Points of the Crimes abovesaid To whom you then answered The said Simon was not any ways Guilty of any of those Points And there they took upon them traiterously to have you constrained to have consented to the Judgment they designed against him and you would not consent to any Judgment to be given against the said Simon Yet nevertheless â—â—e said Duke and Earls took upon them Royal Power in Prejudice of you and in Derogation of your Crown and without your Assent and contrary to your Will in your Absence and in the Absence of many other Peers of Parlement without their Assent and against their Wills awarded the said Simon should be Drawn Hanged and Decollated and thereupon they caused his Head to be struck off traiterously against your Peace Crown Majesty and Dignity Also 9 Ibm. the foresaid Duke Earls and Thomas Mortimer continuing their Malicious False and Traiterous Purpose and Force at Huntington on Thursday after the Feast of St. Nicholas or 6th of December in the said 11th Year Traiterously agreed and intended to have gone with their Force to any Place of the Kingdom where they might have found you to have surrendred to you their Homage Liege and to have Deposed you and this they would have done had they not been hindred by Henry de Lancaster Earl of Derby and Thomas Mowbray Earl of Nottingham And the Duke and Earls continuing their Traiterous Intention and Force by Agreement between them caused the Records in your Treasury of the Time of your Great Grandfather King Edward to be searched how he Demised himself of his Crown or Quitted his Crown and they shew to you in Writing the Causes of the Demise of his Crown in your Palace at Westminster in the time of Parlement in the 11th Year coment vostre dit besail soy demyst de sa Coroun monsterent en escript a vous tres redoute Sr. les causes del demys de sa Coroun deinz vostre Royal Palyes de Westminster a dit Parlement lan unzisme And they said falsly and traiterously That they had Cause sufficient to Depose you but for the Reverence they had for your most Noble Grandfather and most Noble Father And said also That in hopes of your better Government they would suffer you to continue in your Royal Estate and Regalty Which 1 Ibm. Treasons so imagined or contrived done and perpetrated by the foresaid Duke Earls and Thomas Mortimer against your Royal Person Estate Majesty and Dignity as is above declared We Appellants there named your Loyal Lieges have been and are ready to prove against the said Duke the Earls of Arundel and Warwic and Thomas Mortimer as you most Dread Lord and this High and Honourable Court your Parlement shall Order Thus far the Articles of the General Appeal against these Four Persons Which having been read 2 Ibm. the Appellants prayed the King the Appealed might be brought before him in Parlement to make their Answer And accordingly Ralph Lord Nevill Constable of the Tower there present had Order to bring before the Parlement Richard Earl of Arundel then his Prisoner and did so on the 21st of September On the fourth Day of the Parlement The Trial of the Earl of Arundel when by Command of the King and the Peers the Duke of Lancaster Steward of England told him That he was Appealed of divers High Treasons and the Appeal having been read to him his Answer That he had a General Pardon in the Parlement holden His Plea in the 11th of the King's Reign and a Charter of Pardon made to him within six Years and prayed the Allowance of them To whom it was said by the Duke of Lancaster by Command of Over-ruled the King and Advice of all the Peers of Parlement That the Pardon made in the 11th Year was made by constraint upon the King by the Duke Earls and others of their Party accroaching to themselves
was to be Prisoner in the Isle of Man On Wednesday the 4 Ibm. The Duke of Hereford accused the Duke of Norfolk by a Schedule in Writing 30th day of January in the Parlement as above Henry of Lancaster Duke of Hereford came before the King with a Schedule in his Hand and said to the King he came by his Command into his presence at Haywode where he told him he understood Thomas Mowbray Duke of Norfolke had spoken many dishonest Words in slander of his Person and that they were spoken to him as he was informed Upon this the King charged him upon his Ligeance That he should truly repeat the Words as they were spoken The Duke of Hereford not thro' Malice or Enmity or other Cause but only to obey the King's Command as he was bound come il est tenuz wrote down the Words which the Duke of Norfolk spake to him as before he had conceived and born them in his Memory and were in the Schedule which he delivered to the King With Protestation to add or diminish at all times and when he pleased as it should be needful saving always the substance of the Libel Which was this Sir in the Month of The Tenor of the Schedule December in the Twenty one year of your Reign the Duke of Hereford Travelling between Bramford and London the Duke of Norfolk with a great Train met and Discoursed with him of divers Matters amongst which he told him they were in Point to be undone and the Duke of Hereford demanded why and he answered for the Fact at Radcot Bridge The Duke of Hereford said How can this be for he hath done us favour and declared us in Parlement to have been good and loyal towards him The Duke of Norfolk answered notwithstanding that it will be done by us as had been done by others before for he will vacate this Record The Duke of Hereford replied This would be a great Wonder since the King had said it before the People that he should afterwards make it be annulled And further the Duke of Norfolk said This was a Marvellous World and false for I know well saith he That if _____ Monsieur your Father and you had been taken or killed when you came to Windsor after the Parlement and that the Dukes of Albemarle and Excester the Earl of Worcester and he were agreed never to undo any Lord without just Cause and Reasonable and that the Malice of this Fact was in the Duke of Surrey the Earl of Wiltshire and Earl of Salisbury drawing to them the Earl of Gloucester who had Sworn to undo Six other Lords that is to say the Dukes of Lancaster Hereford Albemarle and Excester with the Marquess and himself And also he said they purposed to Reverse the Judgment of Earl Thomas of Lancaster and hereby we and many others should be Disherited The Duke of Hereford said God forbid for it would be a great wonder if the King should Assent to this for it seemed to him by his chearful Countenance and his promise of being a good Lord and also that he knew he had sworn by St. Edward to be a good Lord to him and all the others The Duke of Norfolk answered He had done the same to him many times and sworn by the Body of God and that for this he was never the better to be trusted And further said to the Duke of Hereford That the King was about to draw the Earl of March and others to the Agreement and Purpose of the said Four Lords to destroy the others aforesaid The Duke of Hereford replied If it be so we can never trust them The Duke of Norfolk said For certain not for although they cannot accomplish their Design at present yet they will be contriving ten Years from this time to destroy us in our Houses Hereupon Thursday the 31st of January and last Day of the Matters contained in the Schedule how to be determined Parlement it was Ordained by the King with the Assent of all the Estates in Parlement That the Matters comprised in this Schedule should be determined and ended by the Good Advice and Discretion of the King and certain Commissioners assigned by Authority of Parlement as it doth appear in the Roll of Parlement to wit the Duke of Lancaster the Duke of York the Dukes of Albemarle Surrey and Excester the Marquess of Dorset the Earls of March Sarum Northumberland and Glocester or Six of them the Earl of Worcester or the Earl of Wiltshire Procurators of the Clergy or one of them John Bussy Henry Grene John Russel Robert Teye Richard Chelmeswyk and John Golafree Knights of the Parlement Four or Three of them And afterward on the 19th Day of March next following The Dukes of Hereford and Norfolk appear before the K. at Oswaldstre Their Case to be tried by Chivalry or Duel after the Dukes of Hereford and Norfolk had been before the King at Oswaldstre it was agreed by the King and the Lords and Knights abovesaid That the Process in the Determination of these Matters should hold the course of the Law of Chivalry if sufficient Proofs could not be found until it should be determided between the Dukes by course of Law Wherefore 5 Ibm. 22 Ric. II. A. D. 1398. on the 16th Day of September in the 22d of the King's Reign at Coventry the Dukes of Hereford and Norfolk were told by the King's Command That on Wednesday next after the Quinden of St. Hillary or 27th of January in the Year of the King's Reign Twenty one in the Parlement at Shrewsbury The Duke of Hereford delivered the King a Bill the Tenour whereof follows and was the same Word for Word with the Schedule before translated from the French Record And then it follows That after this Parlement was ended the Dukes appeared at Oswaldstre the 23d of February when Day was assigned them to be at Windsor on Sunday the 28th of April where they both appeared and had the next Day assigned In the mean time the King and his Council held at Bristol perusing Battel ordered between the two Dukes The Battel joined between them the Act at Oswaldstre by Advice of Those that had the Authority of Parlement Ordained Battel between them if sufficient Proofs could not be found And on Monday the 29th of April they both appeared when the Battel was joined a quell Lundy fuist la Bataille joint by Advice of the Dukes Earls Barons Banerets and Chivalry of England there in great Number assembled for this cause as well as of those who had the Authority of Parlement and this because no sufficient Proofs could be found in the mean The Dukes ready to perform what was ordered them at Coventry time On the 16th of September the Dukes were ready at Coventry pour faire lour Devoir to perform what was ordered when the King of his Especial Grace took the Battel into his hand nostre Seigneur le Roy come
of God Amen I Richard by the Grace of God King of England and France and Lord of Ireland do Absolve the Arch-Bishops Bishops and other Prelates whatsoever of Churches Secular or Regular of what Dignity Degree State or Condition they are Dukes Marquesses Earls Barons Vassals Valvassores and my Liege Men whatsoever Ecclesiastick or Secular by whatever Name they are called from the Oath of Fealty and Homage and all others to me made and from all Bond of Ligeance Regality and Government or Command by which they have been or may be bound to me and them their Heirs and Successors for ever from the same Obligations Oaths and other Things whatsoever I free release and quit and make them free absolved and quit as to my Person according to the whole Effect of the Law which may follow from the Premisses or any of them And I do purely freely of my own accord simply and absolutely in the best Manner Way and Form that I can by this Writing Renounce wholly Resign and by Word and Deed put from me and recede for ever from all Royal Dignity and Majesty the Crown and Lordship and the Power of the said Kingdoms and Lordship and other my Dominions and Possessions which may any way belong to me and to all Right Colour of Right and Title Possession and Dominion that I ever had have or may have in the same or any of them also the Government and Administration of the said Kingdoms and Lordship and all mere and mixt Empire in the same and to all Honour and Royalty therein saving to my Successors Kings of England in the Kingdoms Dominions and Premisses for ever their Competent Rights And I do Confess Acknowledge Repute and truly of certain Knowledge Judge my self to be insufficient for the Government of the said Kingdoms and Dominions and for my notorious Demerits not unworthily Deposed And I Swear by these Holy Gospels of God by me Corporally touched That I never will Contravene this Resignation Renunciation Dimission and Cession or will any way oppose them in Word or Deed by my self or others nor will suffer them to be opposed or contravened as much as in me is publickly or privately but the same Renunciation Resignation Dimission and Cession will for ever hold firm and will firmly hold and observe them in the whole and every part as God and his Gospels help me Ego Richardus Rex antedictus propria manu hic me subscribo I King Richard beforesaid write my self with my own Hand And 5 5 Ib. n. 14. presently he added to his Renunciation and Cession That if it was in his Power the Duke of Lancaster should succeed him but seeing it was not he desired the Arch-Bishop of York and Bishop of Hereford who he had appointed to declare his Renunciation and Cession to the States of the Kingdom to intimate his Will and Pleasure to them and as a further Mark of his Intention he pulled his Signet Gold Ring off his own Finger and put it upon the Dukes desiring it might be made known to all the States of the Kingdom On the Morrow 6 6 Ib n. 15. being Tuesday the Feast of St. Hierom the Parlement met in Westminster-Hall where the Arch-Bishop of York and Bishop of Hereford publickly declared the King's Cession and Renunciation with the Subscription of the King's Hand and also the delivery of the Signet to the Duke of Lancaster The Cession and Renunciation was first read in Latin then in English and the States and People there present were asked if for their own Interest and the Profit of the Nation they would admit the Cession and Renunciation they unanimously answered They would admit it After 7 7 Ib. n. 16. which Admission it was publickly proposed That besides that it would be much expedient and advantageous to the Nation and to take away all scruples and sinister suspicions that many Crimes and Defects committed by the said King during the time of his Government for which as confessed in his Cession he might be worthily Deposed might be drawn up in Writing and publickly read and declared to the People The Tenor of all which Articles is such Here the Entry upon the Roll is confused and impertinent and such must be the Translation The Form 8 Ibm. of the Oath which the Kings of England usually take at their Coronation follows which is exacted and received from them by the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury as it is contained in the Pontifical Books of the Arch-Bishops and Bishops Which Oath was received from Richard King of England the Second after the Conquest by the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury and afterwards Repealed as may be found upon Record in the Rolls of Chancery Thou 9 Ib. n. 17. shalt wholly preserve the Peace of the Church and People of God and Concord in God according to thy Power and shall Answer I will preserve them Thou shalt cause to be done in all thy Judgments equal and right Justice and Discretion in Mercy and Truth according to thy Power and shall Answer I will do it Thou dost Grant that just Laws and Customs are to be holden and dost Promise to Protect and Confirm them to the Honour of God which the Communalty have chosen according to your Power and shall Answer I Grant and Promise To these such Questions may be added which are just which the King is to Confirm by his Oath upon the Altar before all Persons The Objections against the King concerning his Deposition do follow FIrst 1 1 Ib. n. 18. It is Objected to King Richard That for his Evil Government by giving the Goods and Possessions of the Crown to Unworthy Persons and indiscreetly dissipating of them and for this cause imposing grievous and intolerable Burthens upon the People and otherwise committing other innumerable Evils Having by his Assent and Command by the whole Parlement chosen and assigned certain Prelates and other Lords Temporal who with all their Power should faithfully labour at their own Costs about the just Government of the Kingdom made a Conventicle of his Accomplices proposing to impeach of High Treason the said Lords Spiritual and Temporal so imployed about the Government of the Kingdom and violently drew the Justices of the Kingdom to Confirm his Wicked Purpose for fear of Death and Torment of Body endeavouring to destroy the said Lords Secondly The same 2 2 Ib. n. 19. King lately at Shrewsbury caused to come before him and others that favoured him in a Chamber many Persons and the greater part of the Justices where by Threats and divers Terrors he induced caused and forced them singly to Answer to certain Questions on his behalf touching the Laws of his Kingdom against their Will and otherwise then they would have answered had they not been forced By Colour of which Answers the same King propounded to have proceeded to the Destruction of Thomas Duke of Glocester the Earls of Arundel and Warwick and other Lords with whom
what he was could confide in him yea he was reputed so Unfaithful and Inconstant that he was not only a Scandal to his own Person but to the whole Kingdom and all Strangers that knew him 26. Though the Lands Tenements 8 8 Ibm. n. 43. Goods and Chattels of all Free-men by the Laws of the Land ought not to be seized without Forfeiture yet the said King intending to enervate those Laws in the Presence of many Lords and others of the Community of the Kingdom he often said and affirmed That the Life of every Subject his Lands Tenements Goods and Chattels were his to be disposed as he pleased without Forfeiture which was altogether against the Laws and Customs of his Kingdom 27. Although it had been made a 9 9 Ibm. n. 44. Law which had hitherto been confirmed That no Free-man might be taken c. nor any ways destroyed nor that the King should proceed against him but by lawful Trial of his Peers or the Law of the Land yet according to the Will Command and Appointment of the said King very many of his Lieges being maliciously accused for having spoken publickly or privately Words that might tend to the Scandal and Disgrace of the King's Person were taken imprisoned and brought before the Constable and Marshal in the Court Military where being accused they could not be admitted to give any other Answer than Not Guilty and could defend themselves no otherwise than by their Bodies their Accusers being young Men Iusty and sound whereas they were old impotent lame and infirm from whence not only the Destruction of Lords and Great Men but of singular Persons of the Community of the Kingdom very likely might have followed When therefore the said King willingly contravened this Law it was no doubt but he incurred Perjury 28. Altho the People of 1 1 Ibm. n. 45. England by virtue of their Ligeance were sufficiently bound to their King and if they offended in any manner he might Correct and Punish them by the Laws and Customs of the Kingdom yet the said King desiring to supplant and too much oppress his People that he might more freely execute and be able to follow the Fancy of his foolish and unlawful Will he sent his Letters into all Counties of his Kingdom That all his Lieges as well Spiritual as Temporal should take certain Oaths in general which were too burthensome to them and which very likely might cause the final Destruction of his People and that under their Letters and Seals they should confirm these Oaths Which Command the People obeyed lest they should incur his Indignation and for fear of Death 29. When the Parties 2 2 Ibm. n. 46. contending in the Ecclesiastick Court in Causes merely Ecclesiastick and Spiritual indeavoured to procure Prohibitions to hinder Process in the same from the Chancellor of England who out of Justice refused to grant them yet the same King often granted them under his Signet wickedly infringing the Church Liberties granted in Magna Charta which he had Sworn to Preserve damnably incurring Perjury and the Sentence of Excommunication Pronounced by the Holy Fathers against the Violators of Church Liberties 30. The said King in Parlement 3 3 Ib. n. 48. compassed about with Armed Men without Reasonable Cause or Legal Process contrary to the Laws of the Kingdom Banished Thomas Arundel Arch-Bishop of Canterbury and his Spiritual Father being then absent by his Contrivance 31. Upon perusal of the said 4 4 Ib. n. 48. Kings Will under his Great Seal Privy Seal and Signet there was in it this Clause Also we Will That the Debts of our House Chamber and Wardrobe being paid for which we allow Twenty thousand Pounds and the Leprose and Chaplanes we appointed to be maintained at Westminster and Bermondsey for which we allow Five or six thousand Marks The Residue of our Gold shall remain to our Successor upon Condition he Approves Ratifies Confirms Holds and causeth to be Holden and Observed all Laws Statutes Ordinances and Judgments made had or done in the Parlement held at Westminster on the 17th of September in the 21st of our Reign and continued or adjourned to Shrewsbury and all things done at Coventry on the 16th of September in the 22d of our Reign as also what was done at Westminster on the 18th of March in the same year by Authority of the same Parlement But if he shall Refuse to do these things then we Will that Thomas Duke of Surrey Edward Duke of Aumarle John Duke of Excester and William le Scrop Earl of Wiltshire my Debts c. as aforesaid being paid shall have the said Residue for the Defence of the Statutes Ordinances Judgments and Stabiliments aforesaid to the utmost of their Power yea to Death if it be necessary Upon all which things we burthen their Consciences as they will Answer it at the Day of Judgment By which Article it appears evidently That the same King endeavoured pertinaciously to maintain those Statutes and Ordinances which were Erroneous Wicked and Repugnant to all Law and Reason not only in his Life but after he was Dead neither regarding the Danger of his Soul or the utmost Destruction of his Kingdom or Liege People 32. In the Eleventh year of the said 5 5 Ib. n. 49. King Richard at his Mannor of Langley in the presence of the Dukes of Lancaster and York and many other Lords desiring as it seemed That his Uncle the Duke of Glocester there also present might Trust and have Confidence in him of his own accord Sware upon the Venerable Sacrament of the Lords Body placed upon the Altar That he would pardon unto him all things which were said to be committed against his Person and that he should never receive any Damage for them yet afterwards the said King notwithstanding this Oath caused the Duke for those Offences horribly and cruelly to be Murdred damnably incurring the Guilt of Perjury 33. After a Knight of the Shire 6 6 Ib. n. 50. who had a Vote in Parlement impeached the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury publickly before the King and all the States of the Kingdom upon certain Defects committed against the King with little Truth as 't was said Altho he offered presently to answer what was objected against him and desired to be admitted by the King so to do sufficiently trusting as he said to demonstrate his Innocency yet the same King contriving by all the Ways and Means he could to oppress and reduce to nothing the State of the Arch-Bishop as the Event shewed kindly spake to and earnestly desired him that he would say nothing then but expect a more fit time That day being past for five days and more together the King deceived him advising and perswading him not to come to Parlement but to remain at his own House promising that in his absence he should not receive injury but the said King in that Parlement Banished the Arch-Bishop during his
Pleasure being absent and not called to answer without any reasonable Cause confiscating all his Goods against the Laws of the Land and all Justice by which he incurred Perjury Further the King intending to palliate his inconstancy by flattering Words endeavoured to cast the Injury done him upon others Whence the Arch-Bishop having Discourse with the King the Duke of Norfolk other Lords and Great Men lamenting said He was not the first had been Banished nor should be the last for that he thought within a short time the Duke of Norfolk and other Lords would follow him and constantly told the King That the Consequences of the Premisses would fall upon his own Head at last To which the King as if he had been astonished presently answered he thought it might so happen he might be expelled his Kingdom by his Subjects and further said if it should be so he would go to the Place where he was and that the Arch-Bishop might believe him he shewed him a great Jewel of Gold which he would send to him as a Token that he would not defer his coming to the Place where he was And that the same Arch-Bishop might have greater Confidence in him he sent to him advising him That he should privately send all the Jewels belonging to his Chapel to be safely kept lest under the colour of the Judgment of Banishment they might be seised it being so done the King caused the Goods to be put in Coffers which he caused to be Locked and Sealed by one of the Arch-Bishops Clerks by whom he sent the Keys to him and afterwards caused the Coffers to be broken taking the Goods and disposing of them as he pleased The same King also faithfully promised the Arch-Bishop That if he would go to the Port of Hampton in order to go out of the Kingdom that by the Queen's intercession he should be recalled And if it should so happen as he should go out of the Kingdom yet after Easter next coming without fail he should return into England nor should he any way loose his Arch-Bishoprick This he faithfully Promised Swearing to it touching the Cross of Thomas the Martyr Arch-Bishop of Canterbury Which Promises notwithstanding the King caused the Arch-Bishop to go out of the Kingdom and wrote to the Pope for his Translation and thus and otherwise by the Frauds and Cheats of the King was the Arch-Bishop a Man of good Faith craftily Circumvented These were the Thirty three Articles read in the Parlement against King Richard And because it seemed 7 Ib. n. 51. to all the States of the Kingdom it being singly and in common propounded to and asked of them That these Causes of Crimes and Defects were sufficient and notorious to Depose the same King his Confession also and other things considered contained in his Renunciation and Cession all the States aforesaid unanimously consented to proceed to the Deposition of him for the greater Security and Tranquility of the People and Profit of the Kingdom and accordingly appointed certain Commissioners the Bishop of Asaph the Abbat of Glastonbury the Earl of Glocester the Lord Berkeley Thomas Erpyngham and Thomas Grey Knights and William Thirnyng Justice to pronounce Sentence of Deposition against King Richard from all Royal Dignity Majesty and Honour in the Name and by Authority of all the States as in like Cases according to the ancient Custom of the Kingdom had been observed The Commissioners take upon them their Charge and the Commission being drawn up in Writing the Bishop of Asaph read it in these Words In the Name of God Amen 8 Ib. n. 52. We John Bishop of Asaph John Abbat of Glastonbury Thomas Earl of Glocester Thomas Lord Berkeley Thomas de Erpyngham and Thomas Gray Knights and William Thirning Justiciary by the Spiritual and Temporal Peers and Great Men of the Kingdom of England and by the Communities of the same representing all States thereof being specially deputed Commissioners for the things underwritten duely considering the many Perjuries Cruelty and many other Crimes committed by King Richard in the time of his Government and publickly Exhibited and Recited before the States which were so publick notorious manifest and famous as they could no way be denied and also his Confession acknowledging and truely of his own certain knowledge judging himself to have been altogether insufficient for the Government of the Kingdoms and Lordship aforesaid and that for his notorious Demerits he was worthy to be Deposed which things by his own Will and Command were published before the States Having had diligent Deliberation upon these things for the greater Caution to the Government of the Kingdoms and Dominion aforesaid the Rights and Appertinences of the same in the Name and Authority to us committed do Pronounce Decree and Declare that very Richard to be Deposed deservedly from all Royal Dignity and Honour and for the like Caution we Depose him by our Definitive Sentence in this Writing expressly inhibiting all and singular Arch-Bishops Bishops and Prelates Dukes Marquesses Earls Barons Knights Vassals and Valvassors and all other Men and Subjects of the said Kingdoms and Dominion or Places belonging to them for the future to obey the said Richard as King Furthermore the said States 9 Ib. n. 53. desiring there might be nothing wanting which was or might be required in this Matter being severally asked agreed to certain Persons to be their Proctors or Agents named by the Commissioners to go to King Richard to resign their Homage and Fealty had been made to him and give him notice what had been concerning his Deposition and Renunciation And presently it appeared from the 1 Ibm. Premisses and the Occasion thereof That the Kingdom of England was vacant when Henry Duke of Lancaster rising from his Seat and standing so right up as he might sufficiently be seen of the People humbly crossing himself in his Forehead and Breast first calling upon the Name of Christ challenged the Kingdom of England being void with the Crown and all its Members and Appertinences in his Mother Tongue lingua materna in this Form of Words In the Name of Fader 2 Ibm. Son and Holy Ghost I Henry of Lancaster chalenge this Rewme of England and the Croune with all the Membres and the Appurtenances al 's I am descendit by ryght lyne of the Blode coming fro the Gude Lord King Henry therde and throghe that ryght that God of his grace hath sent me with helpe of my Kyn and my Frendes to recover it The which Rewme was in poynt to be ondone for default of Governance and undoying of the gude Lawes After this Claim 3 Ibm. n. 54. as well the Lords Spiritual as Temporal and all States there present were asked one by one what they thought of it who without any difficulty or delay unanimously consented the Duke should Reign over them and immediately so soon as he shew the States of the Kingdom King Richard's Signet which he gave him as
that the Subsidy of Woolls Leather and Woollfells was to end at Michaelmas next coming and that from thence the King was not able to endure the great Charges he was to be at to maintain the War in the Marches of â—alais Brest Cherburgh in Gascoigny Ireland and the Marches of Scotland they grant him the same Subsidies from the time they were to end until Michaelmass next after praying the King there might not be a Parlement to charge the Poor Commons until a year after Michaelmas next coming The Scots toward the latter end of this 9 Walsingh f. 240. n. 30 40. A. D. 1380. The Barbarity of the Scots in Cumberland and Westmerland Summer invade Cumberland and Westmerland raging killing and burning every where and driving away as the Historian says it was reported 40000 of all sorts of Beasts and went to Penreth where was then a great Fair and Conflux of People they killed some carried away others Captive and with them all the Goods of the Town and Fair. The Earl of Northumberland was preparing to 1 Ibm. drive them out of the Country and Borders and force them to make Satisfaction Which was to be considered on the March-Day or do the same things in Scotland when he received a Prohibition from the King not to do any thing but to expect the March Day which was a day appointed for the English and Scots to meet every year and adjust things done by either Nation upon the Borders In the same year 2 Mezeray f 398. The Death of Charles King of France on the 16th of September died Charles the Fifth King of France called The Wise On his Death-Bed he left the Regency to his next Brother the Duke of Anjou directing him to make some Agreement with the Duke of Britan if possible His Eldest Son 3 Ibm. f. 400 401. His Son Charles succeeds him Charles succeeded him being then about Twelve years of Age and was Crowned at Rheims on the 4th of November At this time there were great 4 Ib. and f. 402 403. Great Tumults and Disorders in France Tumults and Disorders in France by reason the Duke of Anjou had not taken off the Imposts as his Brother had Commanded on his Death-Bed but settled new ones especially upon the City of Paris The like 5 Ibm. and Walsingh f. 241. n. 20 30. The same in Flanders Mutinies Confusions and Tumults were then in Flanders by the Seditious People against their Earl especially those of Ipre and Gaunt having received great Provocations from him as Walsingham relates it After the 6 Froysard c. 360. Disaster of the Fleet and Army under the Command of Sir John Arundel Sir Thomas Percy c. the Duke of Britan this Summer about Whitsuntide sent to the King for Assistance against the King of France Thomas of Woodstock Earl The Duke of Britan sends to the King for Assistance of Buckingham 7 Ibm. as General the Earl of Stafford and many Barons Knights and Esquires of great Note and Skill in Arms were appointed and retained for this Expedition and 8 Ibm. landed at Calais on the 19th of July 1380 and marched from thence into Britany thro' Champagne and other Countreys by small Marches without any considerable Disturbance 9 Ib. c 363 and 365. wasting the Countreys as they went staying 2 3 4 days or more at every place or good Town where they rested and took up their Quarters When they came near Britany the Englishmen wondered they 1 Ib. c. 368. The Duke's negligence heard not from the Duke the Earl sent to him Sir Thomas Percy and Sir Thomas Trivet who met him on the way going to the Earl When they came together at Rennes they resolved to besiege Nantes as the most obstinate and Rebellious 2 Ib. c. 369. The English besiege Nants Town in Britany the Duke to assist the Earl in this Siege with his whole Force The English remained 15 days at Rennes to make themselves ready and went before the Town They within the Town had notice of these things who sent to the Duke of The Duke 's further Negligence Anjou to send them some French Officers and Soldiers to join with them for the Maintenance of the Place and they had them The English lay before 3 Ib. c. 374. They raise the Siege Nantes Two months and four days and never heard of the Duke or his Men when on the day after New-years-day they raised the Siege and marched towards Vannes where the Duke was and there and several other Towns near upon the Coast of Britany the English were Quartered all Winter 4 Ibm. The Earl's intention was at the Spring to march into France and to that purpose sent into England for more Forces The King and his Council approved his Design and engaged to send another Army to land at Cherburgh in due time to join him All this while the Duke had 5 Ibm. The Duke of Britan makes his Peace privately with France had Commissioners at Paris privately making his Peace with the Duke of Anjou which was concluded upon these Articles First it was agreed That the Duke of Britan should provide Ships to carry back the English into their own Country Secondly That the Garrison of Cherburgh The Articles of that Peace which was with the Earl before Nantes should if they would return thither by Land and have Safe Conduct Thirdly That after the departure of the English the Duke to go into France and do his Homage and Fealty to the French King as his Natural Lord. 6 Ibm. Soon after this Agreement the Duke came to Vannes and privately acquainted the Earl with it excusing himself by the obstinacy of his People and that otherwise he must have lost his Country 7 Ibm. On the 11th of April the Earl with the English set Sail from Vannes and other small Ports near and came for England About Michaelmass 8 Holinshed f. 428. and Walsingh f. 244. n. 20 30. The Duke of Lancaster went with a great Force into the North parts And did nothing the Duke of Lancaster the Earls of Warwick and Stafford with other Lords and great Soldiers with a great Force went into the North Parts to Account with the Scots for their late Invasion and lay so long in Northumberland as they ruined the Country more then a Scottish Irruption would have done They made a Truce with the Scots for half a year and so returned bringing nothing from Scotland but some Horses which they divided amongst themselves On Monday next after the 9 Ro. Parl. 4 Ric. II. n. 1 2. A Parlement at Northampton Feast of all All-Saints there was a Parlement holden at Northampton which was adjourned until Thursday at which time the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury then Chancellor tho many Temporal Lords were absent in the Marches of Scotland with the Duke of Lancaster declared the Causes of their