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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	day_n	hour_n	zone_n	13	3	13.1616	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A16510	A regiment for the sea conteyning most profitable rules, mathematical experiences, and perfect knovvledge of nauigation, for all coastes and countreys: most needefull and necessarie for all seafaring men and trauellers, as pilotes, mariners, marchants. [et] c. Exactly deuised and made by VVilliam Bourne.	Bourne, William, d. 1583.	1574 (1574)	STC 3422; ESTC S104662	95,591	154

is very good for them that are Masters or Pylotes of shippes to note when they doe fall with any lande where the Compasse is varied to make a remembrance in a booke howe many poyntes and degrees the Cōpasse is varied in euery place where they come vnto which will be a great helpe for them to finde that place agayne And to finde the variation it is declared in the 6. Chapter And héere I leaue to trouble thée any further for this time but shortly after this looke for two other workes of myne the one called The shoting in great Ordinance an other named A Treasure for Trauellers which two Bookes will be profitable I trust for all men If these my labours may profite my Countrey then haue I my desire And thus I bid thee moste hartily farewell 8. Capitall or head pointes 8. Inferior pointes or winds 16. by pointes or windes Thenames of the .32 pointes of the cōpa●se The contents of the Equinoctiall circle 360. degres one point of the cōpasse contayneth 11. degrees and a quarter The .32 pointes brought into .24 houres The cause why that it was called the Pryme or Golden number To knowe howe many the Epact is The pryme is the time of .19 yeres To knowe the age of the Moone by the number of the Epact To knowe the alteration of the ●ides in .24 houres An ensample for the full Sea vppon the ●●nds end ▪ for euery day of the age of the Moone To shift the Sunne and Moone by the points of the compasse The contente of the numbre of dayes and houres in one moone the houres in euery mone be .708.44 minuts The contente of a year is .365 dayes .5 hours .55 Minuts How the mooneths tooke their names The Zodiack conteyneth .360 degrees The moouing of .24 houres The tyme that the Moone goeth thorow the .12 signes The .3 motions of the Moone Of Auge The cause why the Moone chaungeth rather or later The mone goeth in .24 hours somtimes more degrees and sometime fewer degrees The moue is not one point asunder from the Sunne in .24 houres The mone is in .24 houres a point and .11 minuts asunder frō the Sunne Error of Marriners It will now a point of the compasse more in the spring tides than in the neap tides in a Riuer that hath any distance vnto the Sea. To know how long the Mone shineth To knowe what houre or point the Moone ryseth or setteth To knowe what houre the Moone is South for euery day of the age of the Moone Of the chaunge Of the full Moone Quarter of the Moon Ensample of the moones rysing setting The Mone hath latitude You cannot know what a clock it is by the compasse the Sun being in the north signes Error of the shadow of the Moon● The Equinoctiall dyals be very good As touching the length and shortnesse of the day and night Euery person cannot calculate the Sunnes declination Two times in the yeare the Sunne hath no declination 1573. How to obserue the sun To take the heigth of the Sunne with the crosse staffe The cause why the crosse staffe is best to take the heigth of the Sun vnto 50 degrees To take the heigth of the Sun with the Astrolobe Howe to correct your Astrolobe if it dothe nor hang vpright The Astrolobe is best to take the heigth of the Sunne at .60.70 or .80 degrees in heigth How to preserue your eyes when you touch the Sunne with the crosse staffe and haue no glasses The diameter of the Sunne is 30. or .31 minuts Some error in the crosse staffe and how to reforme it To get the true Meridian vpon the Land. To knowe the true Meridian at the Sea and also if your compas be varied and to know how much they be varied To find the variation of the compas in the night by the Starres but not by the Moone ▪ Medell not with your compasse al though it be varied To saile by the compas that is varied As touching Longitude to be found by the Northeasting or Northwesting of the compasse The greatest declination of the Sunne Equinoctiall of Autumne The greatest declination to the South The yeare is compared vnto a ring or an adder biting his tayle The heigth of the Sun being taken and knowē then how to handle the declinatiō to know the heigth of the pole Things to be noted as touching the taking of the altitude of the pole A thing to be noted Altitude or Latitude is all one question in effect Being vnder the Equinoctiall you haue neither Latitude nor altitude for that the Equinoctiall is your Zenith and the Poles your Horizon Of your zenith being betweene the Equinoctiall and the Sunne An ensāple An ensāple where the pole is .10 degrees aboue the Horizon An ensāple To take the Sun to the Northwardes you being betweene the south Pole and the Equinoctiall An ensāple by taking the South pole 41. degrees aboue the Horizon An ensāple by taking the north pole 60. degrees aboue the Horizon A thing to be noted in the handling of the Sūnes declination Howe to know whiche of the .2 poles be vnder the horizon The cause why english mē haue not traueled far beyonde the Equinoctiall An vntemperat place for extreme heate Temperate clymate Of being vnder either of the poles Of taking the heigth of the sun due north at the lowest A thing worthy to be noted as touching the sunnes declination A thing to be noted of the pole and the Equinoctiall the Zenith and the Horizon The Sun taken due North at .6 degrees Of viages for discouery to the Northwards eyther to the Eastward by Noua Zemla or to the West ward by cape de Paramantia Of temperatenesse the pole being raysed 80. degrees The length of the paralele at .80 degrees is but .1250 english leagues How necessary it is for a Seafaring man to know the lēgth of the day Vnder the Equinoctial the day is always .12 houres lōg The pole 16. degrees 44. minuts the day .13 houres long when it is at the lōgest ▪ The pole 30. degrees 48. minuts the longest day .14 houres lōg The pole 41. degrees 23. minutes the longest day .15 houres lōg The pole raised .49 deg 1. mi. then the longest day is 16. houres long The pole raised .54 deg 30. mi. then the longest daye is 17. houres long The pole raysed .58 deg 27. mi. the longest day is .18 houres long The pole raysed .61 deg 18. mi. the longest day is .19 houres long The Pole 63. deg 2. mi. the longest day .20 hours long The pole raysed .64 degrees .49 minutes the longest day 11. houres long The pole 65. degrees the longest day .22 houres lōg The pole 66. degrees 20. minutes the longest day .23 houres lōg The pole 66. degrees 32. minutes then the Sun shall not set vnto them The Sun clean aboue the Horizon due North and not to appeare aboue the Horizon South at noone To knowe the length of the

minutes .5 days olde at .4 of the clock iust .6 days olde at .4 of the clock 48. minuts .7 days olde at .5 of the clock .36 minutes When the Moone is iust a quarter old she is South at .6 of the clock at night at .8 dayes olde the Moone is South at .6 of the clocke .48 minutes at .9 dayes olde at .7 of the clock .12 minutes at .10 dayes olde at .8 of the clocke iust At .11 dayes olde at .8 of the clock .48 minutes at .12 dayes olde at .9 of the clocke .36 minutes at .13 dayes olde at .10 of the clock .24 minutes at .14 dayes olde at .11 of the clocke .12 minutes at .15 dayes olde being the full Moone she is then South at midnight One daye after the full Moone she is South at .12 of the clocke .48 minutes at midnight Two dayes after the full at one of the clocke .36 minutes Three dayes after at .2 of the clocke .24 minutes Foure days after at .3 of the clock 12. minutes Fiue dayes after at .4 of the clocke iust in the morning Sixe dayes after at .4 of the clock .48 minutes .7 dayes after at .5 of the clocke .36 minutes When the Moone is thrée quarters olds she is South at .6 of the clocke in the morning At .8 dayes after the full being the firste daye after the quarter at .6 of the clocke .24 minuts .9 days after at 7. of the clocke .12 minutes .10 dayes after at .8 of the clocke iust .11 dayes after at .8 of the clocke .48 minutes .12 dayes after South at .9 of the clocke 36. minutes .13 dayes after South at .10 of the clocke in the forenoone .24 minutes .14 dayes after at .11 of the clocke .12 minutes at .15 dayes after the Moone dothe chaunge being then with the Sunne for the chaunge of the Moone is when the Moone and the Sunne be bothe vnder one like degree and minute of any signe of the Zodiack The full Moone is when the Sunne and the Moone be opposite the one being directly against the other and iust .6 signes asunder as you maye perceiue at the full Moone for then when the Moone ryseth the Sunne setteth and when the sunne ryseth the Moone setteth The quarters be when the Sunne and Moone be iust .3 signes asunder that is iust .90 degrées Nowe when you list to knowe the very time of the Moones rysing or setting looke in your kalender what signe and degree the Moone is in then according to the rule of the shining deuide that into .2 equall partes then from the South so shall you see at what houre the Moone ryseth as for example this In March alwayes the Sunne is in Aries then the Moone being in hir first quarter then she is 6. hours to the Eastward of the Sunne then the Moone must needs be in Cancer Then shineth the Moone in our Horizon 17. houres then the Moone is South at .6 of the clock then she shineth .8 houres and a halfe after .6 of the clock So that she setteth at .2 of the clock and halfe an houre past then she ryseth in the day .8 houres and a half before .6 of the clock that is at .9 of the clocke and halfe an houre past Now at the last quarter in March then the Moone muste néedes be in Capricornus then shineth the Moone but .7 houres then the moone is South at .6 of the clock in the morning then the Moone riseth .3 houres and a halfe before that is at .2 of the clocke and halfe an houre paste in the morning then she setteth by day at .9 of the clocke and halfe an houre paste and this rule will serue for euer without any great error But yet there is a further matter for the exacte doing which is the Latitude of the Moone from the heade or tayle of the Dragon but that is but a trifle in respecte of muche error and therefore I will not trouble you with that yet there is one thing whiche I would Seafaring men should consider although a great nūbe expert in that yet it is méete to be spoken of as this The Sunne being in Cancer or Moone in like maner or in Gemini or any time when the Sunne or Moone hath North declination they wil set their compasse before them and when they see the Sunne giue an Easte shadowe they will saye that it is .6 of the clock which and if the Sunne be in Cancer it is not muche paste fiue of the clocke and the more to the South wardes the more they doe erre And in like case the Moone being in Cancer when they doe sée the Moone giue an East shadowe by their compasse they will say the Moone is Weast but they do not consider that the Sunne and the Moone being in Cancer commeth so neare our Zenithe or Verticall poynte right ouer our heade whiche is the verie heigth of their declination comming so neare them therfore they must iudge the East or Weast from the Pole or North starre if they will iudge truely Wherefore I do much commende the Equinoctiall Dyals for the exacte truth for they can not know the truth by their compasse so that the Sunne or Moone or any other Starre haue any great declination being in Cancer and you must consider this in like manner The Sunne hauing North declination the further you doe goe to the North wardes the longer is youre daye and the shorter is your night and towardes the Southward the shorter dayes and longer nightes Nowe contrarywise the Sunne hauing South declination the more to the Northwardes the shorter dayes and the longer nightes the further to the Southwards the longer days and shorter nights and vnder the Equinoctiall the nightes and dayes all one what declination soeuer the Sunne hath but this rule that I haue giuen you is for London or any other place that hath that Latitude or eleuation of the Pole Articke at .51 or .52 degrées ¶ The fifth Chapter or rule is of a table of declination commonly called of Seafaring men a Regiment of the Sunne exactly calculated for .4 yeres and wil serue for .24 yeres for euery day of the moneth NOw shall folowe a table of declination or Regiment for 4. yeres being calculated for England and will serue all Europe without much error or any other countrey or place that hath our Longitude as the most part of Affrica as Ginnie and those partes to the South wards as farre as the Antartick pole seruing for euery day of the moneth very necessarie for them that do vse to trauell either by sea or by land and is one of the principall pointes in Nauigation for long voyages and the cause why I haue written this Regiment for the Sea or tables of declination is for that I do knowe that euery person that goeth vnto the Sea as maister of a shippe hath not capacitie to calculate the Sunnes declination by the place of

declination to knowe the heigth of the Pole to take the Sun North at the lowest do this First with your crosse staffe obserue the Sun at the lowest taking the true distance betwéene the Horizon and the Sunne that being truely done looke what declination the Sunne hath then haue you to consider that except the Sunne be neare vnto hir greatest declination that is to say in the latter end of Gemini or the beginning of Cancer the Sunne dothe decline little in .24 houres but if the declination be very swift you must séeke the Sunnes declination vpon the day before and the daye after halfe the diuersitie of whych shall be the Sunnes declination for that the sunne is at the angle of mydnight The Sunnes true declination being knowne rebate the heigth of the same from the declination of the Sunne so shal you haue the true contente in degrées and minuts that the Equinoctiall is vnder the Horizon due North and then pulling that sum from .90 that which remaineth shal be the heigth of the pole aboue the Horizon for as it is before declared looke what heigth the Equinoctial is aboue the Horizon that is equal the distance betweene the Pole and the Zenith and looke what distance is betwéene the Equinoctiall and the Zenith the same distaunce is betwéene the Pole and the Horizon in like manner looke howe deepe vnder the Horizon the Equinoctiall is vnto the Northwards so far equall is the heigth of the Equinoctial vnto the southwards As for ensample admit I were vnto the Northwards of the North cape the Sun being in hir greatest declination vnto the Northwards whiche is about the .11 day of Iune .23 degrees and neere a halfe this being knowen I take the Sunne due North at the lowest iust .6 degrées aboue the Horizon the declination being .23 degrees and .28 minutes Wherefore I rebate from that .6 degrees and so there remayneth .17 degrées and .28 minutes For the depth of the Equinoctiall vnder the Horizon and then do I pull that summe from .90 and there remayneth 72. degrées .32 minutes for the true heigth of the North pole aboue the Horizon as by this ensample it is declared By this ensample you may also know the true heigth of any of the .2 poles and how to obserue the Sunne at the lowest when the Sunne commeth neerest vnto the Horizon as well as you may when the Sunne is vpon the Meridian at the greatest heigth from the Horizon which is very necessary for them that do occupy vnto the Northwardes of Sainct Nicholas in Rousey it is also very necessary for them that would attempt any viages of discouery vnto the Northwards as into the East by Noua Zemla or to the West by cape de Paramantia on the backe side of the North part of the tayle of America other wise called the backe side of Vacula whiche if it were attempted there is no doubt but they shoulde finde it nauigable eyther to the East parte or to the West part and I am of this opinion that the thing moste feared in making their discoucry vnto the Northward deserueth not so greatly to be feared as they do make it the cause why they are so loth to go very farre vnto the Northwards is for that it is the frosen zone but my opinion is that in sommer tyme it is not to be feared but the further vnto the Northwardes the more temperate warme by meanes of the long continuaunce of the Sunne for as we sée by common experience that a thing once being made warme cannot sodenly be made cold neither is there doubt of any great cold vntill the Sunne be vnto the Southwards of the Equinoctiall for I admit that a ship should sayle vnto the Northward and not stay vntill the North pole were eleuated .80 degrees aboue the Horizon I do thinke then they should find it very temperate and warme vnto the midle of September for that by the space of .9 wéekes togyther that is to say from the .10 day of May vnto the 12. day of Iuly the Sun should come no neerer vnto the Horizon due North than .10 degrees or .30 degrees vnto the South part aboue the Horizon and yet it is possible that it may be cold there vntill the ende of May for that the Sunne must haue a time to make the aire warme For like as a thing once béeing colde cannot bée sodaynely made warme so in like manner a place being once made warme cannot bée sodainely made colde And furthermore he that were in the Latitude of .80 degrées shoulde haue but a short paralele for the whole compasse of the earth and Sea going East and West too come rounde about to that place agayne in the same paralele is but .1250 english leagues euery league conteining .3 englishe miles So that in sayling of lesse than 500. or .600 leagues they myght sée whether it were nauigable or not The eleuenth Chapter doth shew hovv you shall knovve the length of the day and to knowe how much the day is shortened or lengthened by the Sunnes declination NOwe I thinke it conuenient for Seafaring men too knowe the length of the daye in anye place that they haue occasion too go vntoo for that they haue occasion too trauell intoo all the climates and places transporting them selues manye tymes quickly from one place vntoo another and although the aunciente writers haue appoynted certayne climates and other late writers in lyke manner haue made tables very exact for the longest or shortest day in anye of those climates and other places according to the eleuation of the pole yet haue they not opened anye waye vntoo them in gyuing anye order for them to knowe when the days is an houre longer or shorter whereby they might at all times knowe the length of the day which notwithstanding is very necessary for them for that they be abroade vnder sayle bothe night and day and in like manner for that they must kéepe account of houres and times exactly in as muche as they ought to kéepe an account of the shippes way wherefore it must néedes be most necessary for nauigation to knowe the true time of the Sunne rising and setting whiche you shall knowe by this meanes first this is not vnknowne that vnder the Equinoctiall the Sunne is .12 houres aboue the Horizon and .12 houres vnder the Horizon what declination soeuer the Sunne hath so that there the Sunne ryseth at .6 of the clocke and setteth at .6 of the clocke for euer And where the pole is raysed .16 degrees and .44 minutes there the longest day is .13 houres the Sunne hauing hir greatest declination at .23 degrées .28 minutes and the shortest day is 11. houres long and then looke when the Sunne hath declined .23 degrées and a halfe eyther backwards or forwardes for then the day is an houre longer or shorter and proportionably when the Sunne hath declined .11 degrées .44 minutes then it