same_o bladder_n and_o blow_v it_o stiff_o with_o wind_n and_o knit_v the_o neck_n as_o afore_o and_o you_o will_v find_v that_o in_o the_o up-coming_a the_o side_n of_o it_o will_v burst_v asunder_o with_o a_o noise_n when_o the_o bladder_n be_v thus_o full_a of_o wind_n it_o be_v suppose_v that_o there_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o counterpoise_n between_o it_o and_o the_o air_n of_o the_o ark._n but_o as_o the_o ark_n ascend_v the_o air_n of_o it_o become_v weak_a and_o weak_a while_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o air_n of_o the_o bladder_n suffer_v no_o relaxation_n therefore_o when_o the_o ark_n come_v near_o the_o surface_n there_o arise_v a_o great_a disproportion_n between_o the_o one_o air_n and_o the_o other_o as_o to_o strength_n and_o therefore_o the_o air_n of_o the_o bladder_n be_v the_o strong_a rend_v the_o side_n in_o piece_n and_o come_v out_o with_o a_o noise_n or_o blow_v it_o but_o half_o full_a of_o wind_n and_o you_o will_v find_v before_o the_o ark_n come_v near_o to_o the_o top_n the_o say_a bladder_n to_o be_v bend_v to_o the_o full_a for_o a_o three_o trial_n take_v a_o glass_n such_o as_o they_o use_v in_o cave_n for_o preserve_v of_o brandy_n and_o stop_v the_o mouth_n close_o take_v it_o down_o with_o you_o in_o the_o ark_n and_o you_o will_v see_v the_o side_n of_o it_o break_v in_o piece_n before_o you_o go_v down_o four_o or_o five_o fathom_n the_o strong_a bensil_n of_o the_o ambient_fw-la air_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o if_o you_o take_v it_o down_o with_o the_o orifice_n open_a no_o hurt_n shall_v befall_v it_o or_o if_o you_o stop_v the_o orifice_n in_o the_o up-coming_a you_o will_v find_v the_o same_o hurt_n come_v to_o it_o but_o here_o be_v the_o difference_n in_o the_o first_o burst_v the_o side_n be_v press_v inward_a by_o the_o ambient_fw-la air_n in_o the_o second_o the_o side_n be_v press_v outward_a by_o the_o air_n within_o the_o glass_n for_o a_o four_o trial_n take_v a_o round_a glass-bottle_n pretty_a strong_a in_o the_o side_n and_o when_o it_o be_v down_o with_o you_o in_o the_o ark_n 14_o or_o 15_o fathom_n stop_v the_o mouth_n of_o it_o exact_o and_o when_o it_o come_v above_o you_o will_v find_v a_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o wind_n come_v out_o of_o it_o when_o the_o orifice_n be_v open_v this_o evident_o demonstrat_n that_o the_o air_n within_o the_o ark_n 12_o 13_o or_o 14_o fathom_n down_o be_v under_o a_o far_o strong_a bensil_n than_o the_o air_n above_o for_o a_o five_o trial_n let_v a_o man_n apply_v to_o his_o skin_n a_o cold_a cupping-glass_n when_o he_o enter_v the_o ark_n and_o he_o will_v find_v such_o a_o swell_a arise_v within_o it_o as_o when_o it_o be_v apply_v hot_a by_o a_o chirurgeon_n this_o tumour_n begin_v to_o rise_v assoon_o as_o the_o ark_n begin_v to_o go_v down_o the_o reason_n be_v evident_a from_o unequal_a pressure_n the_o part_n within_o the_o glass_n be_v less_o press_v than_o the_o part_n without_o for_o a_o six_o trial_n take_v a_o common_a weatherglass_n and_o place_v it_o in_o the_o ark_n and_o in_o the_o go_n down_o you_o will_v see_v the_o liquor_n creep_v up_o in_o it_o by_o degree_n as_o the_o ark_n go_v down_o as_o if_o some_o extraordinary_a cold_a be_v the_o cause_n of_o it_o and_o as_o the_o ark_n come_v up_o by_o degree_n the_o say_a liquor_n creep_v down_o by_o degree_n the_o cause_n of_o this_o phenomenon_n be_v not_o cold_a as_o some_o may_v judge_v but_o the_o strong_a bensil_n of_o the_o air_n within_o the_o ark_n that_o so_o press_v upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o stagnant_a water_n that_o it_o drive_v it_o up_o if_o you_o take_v with_o you_o a_o weatherglass_n hermetical_o seall_v no_o such_o thing_n will_v follow_v because_o the_o outward_a pressure_n be_v keep_v off_o it_o be_v not_o then_o cold_a that_o be_v the_o cause_n but_o weight_n by_o the_o way_n take_v notice_n that_o all_o common_a weather-glases_a be_v fallacious_a and_o deceitful_a because_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o water_n in_o they_o be_v not_o only_o cause_v by_o heat_n but_o by_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o air_n which_o sometime_o be_v more_o and_o sometime_o less_o as_o frequent_o i_o have_v observe_v and_o as_o have_v be_v observe_v by_o other_o this_o difference_n be_v find_v by_o the_o alteration_n of_o the_o altitude_n of_o the_o mercurial_a cylinder_n in_o the_o baroscope_n which_o be_v more_o and_o less_o as_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n change_v in_o fair_a weather_n and_o before_o it_o come_v the_o mercury_n creep_v up_o in_o foul_a and_o rainy_a weather_n and_o a_o pretty_a while_n before_o it_o fall_v out_o it_o creep_v down_o because_o in_o fair_a weather_n the_o weight_n of_o the_o air_n be_v more_o than_o in_o rainy_a and_o dirty_a weather_n december_n 13._o 1669._o i_o find_v the_o altitude_n 29_o inch_n and_o nine_o ten_o part_n of_o a_o inch_n at_o this_o time_n the_o heaven_n be_v cover_v with_o dry_a and_o thick_a cloud_n and_o no_o rain_n follow_v march_n 26._o 1670._o i_o find_v the_o altitude_n no_o more_o than_o 27_o inch_n and_o nine_o ten_o part_n at_o which_o time_n there_o be_v a_o strong_a wind_n with_o rain_n between_o these_o two_o term_n of_o altitude_n i_o have_v find_v the_o mercury_n move_v near_o a_o twelve_o month_n it_o be_v a_o most_o sure_a prognosticator_n for_o if_o after_o rain_n you_o find_v the_o mercury_n creep_v up_o in_o the_o morning_n you_o may_v be_v sure_a all_o the_o day_n follow_v will_v be_v fair_a notwithstanding_o that_o the_o heaven_n threaten_v otherways_o if_o after_o fair_a weather_n the_o mercury_n subside_o and_o fall_v down_o a_o little_a you_o may_v be_v sure_a of_o rain_n within_o a_o short_a time_n though_o no_o appearance_n be_v in_o the_o present_a it_o fall_v down_o likewise_o when_o wind_n do_v blow_v what_o the_o true_a cause_n be_v why_o there_o be_v such_o a_o alteration_n in_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n before_o foul_a weather_n and_o fair_a and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o it_o it_o be_v not_o easy_a to_o determine_v but_o we_o proceed_v trial_n likewise_o may_v be_v make_v by_o fit_v a_o great_a piece_n of_o ordnance_n above_o whether_o the_o report_n will_v be_v hear_v below_o the_o water_n or_o not_o this_o will_v determine_v the_o question_n whether_o water_n be_v a_o fit_a medium_n for_o convey_v sound_n as_o air_n be_v item_n whether_o or_o not_o the_o sea_n water_n be_v fresh_a at_o the_o bottom_n than_o near_o the_o top_n which_o be_v affirm_v by_o some_o item_n whether_o sound_n be_v as_o distinct_a in_o such_o a_o small_a portion_n of_o air_n as_o they_o be_v above_o this_o may_v be_v try_v with_o a_o bell_n of_o a_o watch._n if_o need_n be_v a_o little_a chamber_n bell_n may_v be_v hang_v within_o the_o ark_n and_o a_o small_a chord_n may_v pass_v up_o from_o it_o through_o the_o cover_n whereby_o the_o person_n above_o may_v by_o so_o many_o tingle_v speak_v such_o and_o such_o word_n to_o the_o diver_n i_o have_v demonstrate_v before_o that_o though_o there_o be_v a_o little_a narrow_a hole_n make_v in_o the_o cover_n above_o yet_o neither_o air_n will_v go_v out_o nor_o water_n come_v in_o if_o a_o man_n be_v curious_a he_o may_v have_v a_o window_n not_o only_o in_o the_o side_n but_o in_o the_o roof_n above_o cover_v with_o a_o piece_n of_o pure_a thin_a glass_n through_o which_o he_o may_v look_v up_o after_o he_o be_v down_o two_o or_o three_o fathom_n and_o see_v whether_o there_o appear_v any_o alteration_n in_o the_o dimension_n of_o the_o body_n of_o sun_n or_o not_o or_o seem_v near_a experiment_n xix_o figure_n 26._o this_o figure_n represent_v a_o deep_a water_n who_o first_o and_o visible_a surface_n be_v f_o g._n the_o imaginary_a surface_n be_v e_z l_o c_o 34_o foot_n below_o it_o a_o d_o b_o be_v a_o siphon_n work_v below_o this_o water_n with_o mercury_n a_o e_o l_o be_v a_o vessel_n with_o stagnant_a mercury_n among_o which_o the_o orifice_n a_o be_v drown_v the_o other_o orifice_n b_o exist_v among_o the_o water_n d_o m_o be_v the_o height_n of_o the_o siphon_n above_o the_o line_n of_o level_n which_o i_o suppose_v be_v 58_o inch_n for_o make_v it_o work_v stop_v the_o two_o orifice_n close_o and_o pour_v in_o as_o much_o mercury_n at_o a_o hole_n make_v at_o d_o as_o will_v fill_v both_o the_o leg_n then_o stop_v the_o say_a hole_n open_v the_o two_o orifice_n a_o and_o b_o and_o you_o will_v find_v the_o liquor_n run_v as_o long_o out_o at_o b_o as_o there_o be_v any_o almost_o in_o the_o vessel_n a_o e_o l._n for_o evince_v this_o which_o be_v the_o only_a difficulty_n consider_v that_o if_o this_o siphon_n be_v fill_v with_o water_n and_o make_v to_o work_v only_o
matter_n whither_o the_o glass_n tub_n be_v wide_a or_o narrow_a that_o be_v use_v in_o counterpoise_v fluid_a body_n one_o with_o another_o and_o this_o be_v the_o true_a reason_n why_o it_o be_v no_o matter_n whither_o the_o tub_n of_o the_o baroscope_n be_v a_o wide_a one_o or_o a_o narrow_a one_o see_v the_o air_n do_v not_o counterpoise_v the_o mercury_n according_a to_o thickness_n that_o be_v to_o say_v neither_o the_o thickness_n of_o the_o ambient_fw-la air_n that_o sustain_v nor_o the_o thickness_n of_o the_o mercury_n that_o be_v sustain_v be_v to_o be_v consider_v but_o only_o their_o altitude_n it_o be_v true_a the_o element_n of_o air_n be_v fourteen_o thousand_o time_n high_o than_o the_o mercurial_a cylinder_n yet_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a and_o true_a proportion_n keep_v between_o their_o height_n so_o that_o if_o the_o element_n of_o air_n shall_v by_o divine_a providence_n become_v high_a or_o low_o the_o height_n of_o the_o mercury_n will_v alter_v according_o experiment_n ii_o figure_n 6._o take_v out_o of_o the_o water_n the_o wide_a pipe_n e_o g_o ay_o and_o stop_v the_o orifice_n i_o pour_v in_o water_n above_o at_o e_o till_o the_o tub_n be_v complete_o full_a have_v do_v this_o thrust_v down_o the_o stop_a orifice_n i_o to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o there_o open_a it_o then_o shall_v you_o see_v the_o water_n fall_v down_o from_o e_z to_z g_z and_o there_o halt_v the_o reason_n be_v take_v from_o unequal_a pressure_n for_o the_o tub_n be_v full_a of_o water_n from_o e_z to_o i_o that_o part_n of_o the_o imaginary_a surface_n upon_o which_o the_o pillar_n of_o water_n rest_v be_v more_o burden_v than_o any_o other_o part_n of_o it_o namely_o more_o than_o l_o or_o k_o therefore_o see_v one_o part_n be_v more_o burden_v than_o another_o the_o cylinder_n of_o water_n that_o cause_v the_o burden_n must_v so_o far_o fall_v down_o till_o all_o the_o part_n be_v alike_o press_v in_o which_o instant_a of_o time_n the_o motion_n cease_v this_o lead_v we_o to_o a_o clear_a discovery_n of_o the_o reason_n why_o in_o the_o baroscope_n the_o mercury_n fall_v from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o tub_n of_o any_o height_n always_o to_o the_o twenty_o and_o nine_o inch_n above_o the_o stagnant_a quicksilver_n for_o example_n fill_v the_o pipe_n n_o q_n which_o be_v sixty_o inch_n high_a with_o mercury_n and_o open_v the_o orifice_n qui_fw-fr the_o liquor_n shall_v fall_v out_o and_o fall_v down_o from_o n_o till_o it_o rest_v at_o r_o which_o be_v twenty_o nine_o inch_n above_o the_o open_a orifice_n q._n the_o reason_n be_v the_o same_o namely_o unequal_a pressure_n see_v one_o part_n of_o the_o imaginary_a surface_n of_o air_n x_o saint_n upon_o which_o the_o cylinder_n of_o mercury_n stand_v be_v more_o burden_a then_o the_o other_o next_o adjacent_a therefore_o so_o long_o and_o so_o far_o must_v the_o mercury_n subside_o and_o fall_v down_o till_o the_o part_n qui_fw-fr upon_o which_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o pillar_n rest_v be_v no_o more_o burden_a than_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o part_n in_o which_o instant_a of_o time_n the_o motion_n cease_v and_o there_o happen_v a_o equal_a balance_n between_o the_o silver_n within_o the_o tub_n and_o the_o air_n without_o if_o it_o be_v say_v i_o see_v a_o clear_a reason_n why_o the_o outward_a water_n m_o l_o aught_o to_o sustain_v the_o inward_a g_o i_o but_o can_v see_v why_o the_o outward_a air_n t_o z_o s_o and_o v_o r_o x_o aught_o to_o sustain_v the_o inward_a mercury_n r_o x_o neither_o do_v i_o see_v a_o reason_n why_o it_o shall_v halt_v at_o r_o as_o the_o water_n rest_v at_o g._n i_o answer_v though_o sense_n can_v perceive_v the_o one_o as_o evident_o as_o the_o other_o yet_o the_o one_o be_v as_o sure_a as_o the_o other_o for_o take_v up_o the_o reason_n why_o it_o halt_v at_o r_o 29_o inch_n above_o x_o you_o must_v remember_v from_o the_o 25_o theorem_fw-la that_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n upon_o body_n be_v equivalent_a to_o the_o weight_n of_o 34_o foot_n of_o water_n perpendicular_o or_o 29_o inch_n of_o quicksilver_n the_o pillar_n of_o air_n then_o t_o z_o s_o and_o v_z r_z x_o be_v as_o heavy_a each_o one_o of_o they_o as_o two_o pillar_n of_o mercury_n each_o one_o of_o they_o 29_o inch_n high_a it_o follow_v of_o necessity_n that_o the_o mercury_n within_o the_o tub_n must_v be_v as_o high_a as_o r._n it_o be_v no_o wonder_n to_o see_v the_o silver_n halt_v at_o r_o provide_v r_o x_o and_o z_o s_o be_v two_o bulk_n of_o mercury_n environ_v the_o pipe_n as_o the_o outward_a water_n environ_n the_o wide_a and_o narrow_a pipe_n neither_o aught_o any_o to_o wonder_v when_o the_o silver_n fall_v down_o and_o rest_v at_o r_o nothing_o environ_v the_o pipe_n but_o air_n see_v the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n be_v equivalent_a to_o the_o weight_n of_o 29_o inch_n of_o quicksilver_n this_o experiment_n be_v easy_o make_v take_v therefore_o a_o slender_a glass-pipe_n of_o any_o length_n beyond_o 30_o inch_n open_a at_o both_o end_n but_o the_o low_a and_o q_o must_v be_v draw_v so_o small_a by_o a_o flame_n of_o a_o lamp_n that_o the_o entry_n may_v be_v no_o wide_o than_o may_v admit_v the_o point_n of_o a_o small_a needle_n or_o the_o hair_n of_o one_o head_n then_o stop_v the_o say_a orifice_n pour_v in_o mercury_n above_o at_o the_o orifice_n n_o till_o the_o pipe_n be_v complete_o full_a next_o close_o the_o say_a orifice_n with_o wet_a paper_n and_o the_o pulp_n of_o your_o finger_n and_o open_v the_o low_a orifice_n you_o shall_v find_v which_o be_v very_o delightful_a to_o behold_v the_o mercury_n spring_v out_o like_v unto_o a_o small_a silver_n thread_n and_o fall_v down_o from_o the_o top_n n_o shall_v rest_v at_o r_o the_o motion_n cease_v at_o the_o narrow_a orifice_n q._n this_o show_v evident_o that_o there_o be_v not_o need_v always_o of_o stagnant_a mercury_n for_o try_v the_o torrieellian_a experiment_n but_o only_o when_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o pipe_n below_o be_v wide_a for_o be_v narrow_a the_o silver_n run_v slow_o out_o and_o consequent_o subside_v slow_o above_o and_o come_v down_o slow_o to_o r_o there_o rest_v but_o when_o the_o mouth_n be_v wide_o below_o the_o silver_n fall_v down_o so_o quick_o that_o it_o go_v beyond_o r_o before_o it_o can_v recover_v itself_o which_o recovery_n will_v never_o be_v unless_o there_o be_v stagnant_a mercury_n to_o run_v up_o again_o from_o what_o be_v say_v we_o see_v first_o that_o when_o one_o part_n of_o a_o surface_n of_o water_n or_o air_n be_v more_o burden_a than_o another_o the_o burden_a part_n present_o yield_v till_o it_o be_v no_o more_o burden_a than_o the_o other_o this_o be_v clear_a from_o the_o fall_n down_o of_o the_o water_n from_o e_z to_z g_z which_o can_v be_v support_v by_o the_o part_n i_o because_o more_o burden_a than_o the_o rest_n we_o see_v second_o that_o the_o element_n of_o air_n rest_v upon_o the_o surface_v of_o all_o body_n with_o a_o considerable_a weight_n otherwise_o it_o can_v not_o sustain_v the_o water_n before_o it_o fall_v down_o from_o e_z to_z g_z for_o if_o it_o do_v not_o leave_v upon_o the_o surface_n m_o h_n with_o weight_n the_o water_n can_v never_o be_v suspend_v see_v the_o application_n of_o the_o finger_n to_o the_o orifice_n e_o be_v only_o the_o accidental_a cause_n of_o this_o sustentation_n we_o see_v three_o that_o according_a to_o the_o difference_n of_o natural_a weight_n between_o two_o fluid_n so_o be_v the_o proportion_n of_o altitude_n between_o two_o of_o their_o cylinder_n therefore_o air_n be_v reckon_v 14000_o time_n light_a than_o mercury_n it_o follow_v that_o the_o cylinder_n of_o mercury_n sustain_v by_o the_o air_n must_v be_v 14000_o time_n low_o and_o short_a than_o the_o cylinder_n of_o air_n that_o sustain_v it_o which_o appear_v from_o this_o experiment_n to_o be_v true_a see_v by_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n which_o be_v think_v to_o be_v about_o 7000_o fathom_n high_a 29_o inch_n of_o mercury_n be_v support_v between_o r_o and_o x._o in_o a_o word_n if_o air_n be_v natural_o 14000_o time_n light_a than_o mercury_n which_o be_v very_o probable_a then_o must_v the_o altitude_n of_o it_o common_o call_v the_o atmosphere_n be_v fourteen_o thousand_o time_n nine_o and_o twenty_o inch_n that_o be_v 406000_o or_o of_o foot_n 33833._o experiment_n iii_o figure_n 6._o while_o the_o outward_a and_o inward_a water_n be_v of_o the_o same_o altitude_n withdraw_v the_o inward_a air_n e_o g_o by_o suction_n or_o by_o any_o other_o device_n you_o think_v fit_a and_o you_o will_v find_v the_o water_n rise_v as_o high_a as_o e_z which_o i_o suppose_v to_o be_v 34_o foot_n above_o
as_o before_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o same_o surface_n be_v burden_v with_o the_o like_a weight_n but_o the_o part_n a_o sustain_v 476_o pound_n therefore_o the_o part_n c_o must_v support_v as_o much_o the_o connexion_n be_v evident_a and_o the_o antecedent_n be_v so_o too_o because_o the_o water_n a_o b_o being_n 34_o foot_n high_a and_o six_o inch_n thick_a must_v weigh_v 476_o pound_n for_o if_o 216_o inch_n weigh_v seven_o pound_n 14688_o inch_n must_v weigh_v 476_o pound_n i_o assert_v four_a the_o pillar_n of_o air_n f_o h_n to_o weigh_v 1904_o pound_n which_o i_o demonstrat_fw-la by_o the_o former_a medium_fw-la all_o the_o part_n of_o a_o fluid_a that_o lie_n in_o the_o same_o horizontal_a surface_n be_v equal_o press_v but_o so_o it_o be_v that_z e_z and_o f_o do_v so_o lie_v therefore_o f_o must_v be_v as_o much_o burden_v as_o e_z the_o water_n therefore_o e_z g_z weigh_v 1904_o pound_n the_o air_n f_o h_n must_v weigh_v as_o much_o for_o if_o 216_o inch_n of_o water_n weigh_v seven_o pound_n 58752_o inch_n for_o so_o many_o be_v in_o the_o water_n e_o g_o must_v weigh_v 1904_o pound_n let_v we_o suppose_v second_o the_o tub_n a_o b_o to_o be_v only_o 29_o inch_n high_a and_o the_o tub_n e_o g_o of_o the_o same_o height_n and_o that_o six_o inch_n wide_a and_o this_o 12_o inch_n wide_a i_o affirm_v then_o five_o the_o air_n c_o d_o to_o weigh_v yet_o 476_o pound_n and_o the_o air_n f_o h_n to_o weigh_v 1904_o pound_n because_o the_o pillar_n of_o mercury_n a_o b_o weigh_v 476_o pound_n and_o the_o pillar_n of_o mercury_n e_o g_o weigh_v 1904_o pound_n therefore_o if_o a_o b_o be_v 476_o c_z d_o must_v be_v as_o much_o and_o if_o e_z g_z be_v 1904_o f_o h_n must_v be_v of_o the_o same_o weight_n i_o prove_v the_o mercury_n a_o b_o to_o weigh_v about_o 476_o pound_n though_o it_o be_v but_o 29_o inch_n high_a because_o it_o be_v 14_o time_n heavy_a than_o water_n for_o the_o same_o cause_n do_v the_o mercury_n e_o g_o weigh_v about_o 1904_o pound_n i_o say_v about_o because_o 34_o foot_n contain_v 29_o inch_n more_o than_o 14_o time_n let_v it_o be_v suppose_v three_o the_o pipe_n e_o g_o be_v 34_o foot_n high_a to_o have_v the_o one_o half_a of_o it_o i_o g_o full_a of_o air_n and_o the_o other_o half_a e_o k_o full_a of_o water_n i_o affirm_v then_o sixthly_a the_o part_n e_o and_o the_o part_n f_o to_o be_v yet_o equal_o burden_v that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o water_n e_o k_n that_o be_v now_o but_o 17_o foot_n make_v as_o great_a a_o pressure_n upon_o e_o as_o when_o it_o be_v 34_o foot_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o be_v sure_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n i_o g_o that_o bear_v down_o the_o water_n k_o e_o with_o the_o weight_n of_o 952_o pound_n the_o half_a of_o 1904_o pound_n if_o it_o be_v say_v according_a to_o the_o theorem_fw-la 21_o that_o there_o be_v as_o much_o pressure_n and_o weight_n in_o the_o least_o part_n of_o a_o fluid_a as_o in_o the_o whole_a therefore_o the_o air_n i_o g_o must_v be_v as_o heavy_a as_o e_o h._n i_o answer_v i_o g_o be_v not_o so_o heavy_a as_o f_o h_n because_o the_o water_n e_o k_n impend_v in_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o tub_n have_v occasion_v the_o air_n i_o g_o to_z expand_v itself_o so_o many_o inch_n by_o which_o mean_n it_o lose_v so_o many_o degree_n of_o its_o bensil_n if_o you_o remove_v the_o water_n e_o k_n then_o will_v the_o air_n i_o g_o be_v as_o heavy_a as_o f_o h_n because_o e_o k_o be_v air_n it_o reduce_v i_o g_z to_o that_o same_o degree_n of_o bensil_n with_o itself_o but_o when_o the_o air_n e_z be_v burden_v with_o the_o water_n e_o k_n it_o can_v make_v the_o air_n i_o g_o of_o that_o same_o weight_n with_o itself_o let_v we_o suppose_v four_a that_o only_o eight_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a of_o water_n be_v in_o the_o tub_n namely_o between_o e_z and_o n._n i_o say_v then_o seventhly_a that_o the_o part_n e_o be_v as_o much_o burden_v with_o it_o as_o when_o the_o pipe_n be_v full_a because_o the_o 25_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a of_o air_n n_o g_o be_v exact_o as_o heavy_a as_o the_o 25_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a of_o the_o water_n that_o be_v go_v i_o prove_v it_o thus_o the_o air_n e_z have_v the_o weight_n of_o 1904_o pound_n in_o itself_o see_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o surface_n be_v always_o equal_a to_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o pillar_n but_o be_v burden_v with_o the_o water_n e_o n_o that_o weigh_v 476_o pound_n it_o can_v press_v up_o with_o more_o weight_n then_o with_o 1428_o pound_n and_o therefore_o the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n n_o must_v press_v upon_o the_o under_o part_n of_o the_o air_n that_o be_v contiguous_a with_o it_o with_o 1428._o if_o this_o be_v the_o air_n n_o g_o must_v press_v down_o with_o as_o much_o see_v according_a to_o the_o 20_o theorem_fw-la it_o be_v impossible_a that_o one_o part_n of_o a_o fluid_a can_v be_v under_o pressure_n unless_o the_o next_o adjacent_a part_n be_v under_o the_o same_o degree_n of_o pressure_n therefore_o i_o conclude_v that_o the_o 25_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a of_o air_n n_o g_o be_v as_o heavy_a as_o the_o 25_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a of_o the_o water_n that_o be_v go_v this_o make_v it_o evident_a also_o that_o when_o the_o pipe_n be_v half_a full_a of_o water_n as_o e_o k_o the_o air_n i_o g_o have_v the_o weight_n of_o 952_o pound_n because_o e_z be_v in_o itself_o 1904_o but_o be_v burden_v with_o e_o k_o 952_o it_o can_v make_v the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n k_o press_v upon_o i_o with_o more_o weight_n than_o 952_o and_o therefore_o by_o the_o 20_o theorem_fw-la the_o air_n g_o i_o must_v weigh_v 952_o likewise_o i_o affirm_v eighthly_a that_o when_o the_o pipe_n be_v full_a of_o water_n from_o e_z to_z g_z if_o a_o man_n poise_v it_o in_o his_o hand_n he_o do_v not_o find_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o water_n e_o g._n and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o it_o be_v sustain_v by_o the_o part_n of_o the_o surface_n e._n but_o if_o the_o air_n e_o sustain_v it_o my_o hand_n can_v sustain_v it_o i_o find_v then_o only_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o tub_n but_o not_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o water_n within_o it_o i_o say_v ninthly_a that_o when_o i_o poise_v the_o say_a tub_n i_o find_v the_o whole_a weight_n of_o the_o pillar_n of_o air_n l_o m_o which_o be_v exact_o 1904_o pound_n i_o prove_v it_o thus_o the_o pondus_fw-la of_o a_o fluid_a be_v then_o only_o find_v when_o there_o be_v not_o a_o potentia_fw-la to_o counterpoise_v it_o or_o at_o least_o when_o the_o potentia_fw-la be_v inferior_a to_o the_o pondus_fw-la but_o there_o be_v here_o no_o potentia_fw-la counterpoise_v the_o pondus_fw-la of_o the_o air_n l_o m._n therefore_o i_o must_v find_v the_o weight_n of_o it_o when_o i_o lift_v up_o the_o tub._n the_o major_a proposition_n be_v clear_a from_o the_o ten_o theorem_fw-la it_o be_v evident_a also_o from_o common_a experience_n for_o while_o a_o balance_n be_v hang_v upon_o a_o nail_n with_o six_o pound_n in_o the_o one_o scale_n and_o nothing_o in_o the_o other_o you_o will_v find_v the_o whole_a burden_n if_o you_o press_v up_o that_o one_o scale_n with_o the_o palm_n of_o your_o hand_n but_o if_o so_o be_v there_o be_v six_o pound_n in_o the_o opposite_a scale_n you_o will_v not_o find_v the_o first_o six_o and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o it_o be_v in_o equilibrio_n with_o other_o six_o it_o be_v just_a so_o here_o i_o must_v find_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o air_n l_o m_o while_n i_o poise_v the_o tub_n because_o it_o want_v a_o weight_n to_o counterbalance_v it_o i_o prove_v the_o minor_a proposition_n thus_o if_o any_o thing_n counterbalance_v the_o air_n l_o m_o it_o must_v either_o be_v the_o air_n below_o namely_o the_o part_n e_o or_o the_o water_n e_o g_o but_o neither_o of_o the_o twain_o can_v do_v it_o not_o the_o air_n e_o because_o it_o have_v as_o great_a a_o burden_n upon_o it_o as_o it_o be_v able_a to_o support_v namely_o the_o water_n e_o g_o that_o weigh_v 1904_o pound_n and_o for_o this_o cause_n not_o the_o water_n itself_o see_v all_o the_o force_n it_o can_v have_v to_o counterbalance_n l_o m_o be_v from_o the_o surface_n of_o air_n e_o but_o this_o be_v in_o equilibrio_n with_o it_o already_o i_o say_v that_o the_o air_n l_o m_o be_v exact_o 1904_o pound_n weight_n this_o also_o be_v evident_a because_o it_o be_v just_a of_o these_o same_o dimension_n with_o the_o air_n f_o h._n if_o it_o be_v say_v the_o air_n l_o m_o must_v be_v thick_a see_v its_o equal_a to_o
sink_v a_o man_n may_v perceive_v distinct_o what_o be_v lie_v in_o the_o bottom_n so_o clear_a and_o transparent_a be_v the_o air_n of_o it_o but_o when_o the_o damp_n be_v go_v the_o medium_fw-la be_v not_o so_o clear_a in_o temperate_a and_o cold_a weather_n the_o damp_n be_v not_o so_o frequent_a from_o this_o sink_v in_o soft_a wind_n or_o in_o northerly_a wind_n or_o when_o it_o blow_v from_o east_n or_o north-east_n the_o damp_n be_v drive_v away_o observation_n ii_o jupiter_n upon_o wednesday_n night_n at_o eleven_o a_o clock_n be_v 24_o of_o november_n 1669_o have_v the_o follow_a position_n with_o the_o star_n of_o gemini_fw-la he_o be_v so_o near_o to_o the_o star_n c_o that_o to_o appearance_n the_o point_n of_o his_o ray_n do_v touch_v it_o this_o star_n by_o look_v upon_o the_o material_a glob_n be_v fix_v in_o the_o very_a zodiac_n and_o in_o the_o 13_o degree_n of_o cancer_n and_o be_v the_o very_a navel_n of_o the_o follow_a twine_n the_o star_n a_o be_v castor_n the_o star_n b_o be_v pollux_n the_o star_n d_o be_v fix_v in_o the_o forefoot_n of_o the_o follow_a twine_n from_o this_o place_n he_o move_v with_o a_o retrograde_a motion_n till_o he_o come_v to_o the_o 5_o of_o cancer_n about_o the_o 20_o of_o february_n 1670_o and_o from_o that_o time_n become_v direct_a in_o his_o motion_n and_o so_o upon_o the_o 27_o of_o march_n 1670_o at_o 9_o a_o clock_n he_o be_v in_o a_o right_a line_n with_o canis_fw-la minor_fw-la and_o the_o bright_a star_n in_o auriga_fw-la and_o be_v in_o a_o right_a line_n with_o the_o eastmost_a shoulder_n of_o orion_n and_o castor_n in_o gemini_fw-la or_o with_o that_o star_n when_o south-west_n that_o be_v high_a and_o west-most_a observation_n iii_o it_o be_v write_v in_o the_o history_n of_o the_o royal_a society_n that_o such_o a_o member_n of_o it_o who_o name_n i_o have_v forget_v have_v find_v out_o among_o many_o other_o curious_a invention_n this_o namely_o a_o way_n for_o know_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o second_o of_o time_n but_o be_v not_o please_v to_o reveal_v the_o manner_n how_o because_o such_o a_o device_n may_v be_v useful_a in_o astronomy_n and_o likewise_o for_o adjust_v the_o pendulum_n clock_n i_o shall_v therefore_o brief_o show_v the_o manner_n and_o way_n how_o such_o a_o thing_n may_v be_v do_v as_o i_o have_v try_v it_o myself_o i_o take_v a_o optic_a tub_n about_o 12_o foot_n long_o only_o with_o two_o convex-glass_n in_o it_o and_o do_v so_o place_n it_o in_o a_o dark_a room_n by_o put_v the_o one_o end_n in_o which_o be_v the_o object-glass_n without_o the_o window_n and_o keep_v the_o other_o within_o that_o i_o cause_v the_o beam_n of_o the_o sun_n shine_v through_o it_o which_o be_v receive_v upon_o a_o white_a wall_n four_o or_o five_o foot_n from_o the_o tub._n this_o image_n which_o be_v perfect_o round_a and_o splendid_a do_v move_v alongst_o the_o wall_n very_o quick_o so_o that_o in_o a_o minute_n of_o time_n it_o do_v advance_v seven_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a which_o will_v be_v the_o eight_o part_n of_o a_o inch_n in_o a_o second_o a_o motion_n very_o sensible_a now_o this_o beam_n that_o come_v through_o the_o tub_n and_o light_v upon_o the_o wall_n will_v not_o have_v move_v one_o inch_n in_o a_o minute_n if_o it_o have_v want_v the_o two_o glass_n for_o as_o they_o magnify_v and_o seem_v to_o bring_v near_o the_o object_n so_o they_o quicken_v the_o motion_n of_o it_o in_o a_o word_n by_o what_o proportion_n the_o object_n be_v make_v more_o by_o that_o same_o proportion_n be_v the_o motion_n quicken_v it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o long_o the_o tub_n be_v the_o motion_n be_v the_o swift_a for_o as_o the_o long_a tub_n do_v ordinary_o most_o magnify_v the_o object_n so_o do_v it_o most_o quicken_v the_o motion_n next_o the_o far_a distant_a the_o white_a wall_n be_v from_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tub_n the_o large_a be_v the_o image_n and_o contrariwise_o the_o near_a it_o be_v it_o be_v the_o less_o three_o the_o far_a the_o wall_n be_v from_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tub_n the_o circumference_n of_o the_o image_n be_v the_o more_o confuse_a and_o the_o near_a it_o be_v it_o be_v the_o more_o distinct_a four_o the_o dark_a the_o room_n be_v it_o be_v so_o much_o the_o better_o last_o this_o trial_n may_v be_v make_v with_o ordinary_a prospect_n of_o a_o foot_n two_o foot_n or_o three_o foot_n long_o which_o will_v real_o do_v the_o thing_n but_o not_o so_o sensible_o unless_o the_o glass_n be_v very_o good_a as_o to_o the_o use_n of_o this_o device_n in_o astronomy_n i_o shall_v not_o say_v much_o but_o shall_v only_o mention_v what_o it_o may_v serve_v for_o in_o order_n to_o the_o pendulum_n clock_n for_o this_o cause_n let_v a_o man_n choice_n a_o convenient_a room_n with_o a_o window_n to_o the_o south_n wherein_o this_o tub_n may_v be_v so_o fix_v that_o it_o main_o just_a or_o very_o near_o to_o the_o true_a meridian_n and_o may_v move_v vertical_o upon_o a_o axletree_n because_o of_o the_o sun_n declination_n every_o day_n then_o at_o a_o certain_a distance_n from_o the_o end_n of_o it_o fix_v and_o settle_v a_o large_a board_n of_o timber_n smooth_a and_o well_o plain_v and_o well_o white_v for_o receive_v the_o image_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o this_o board_n draw_v a_o circle_n with_o charcoal_n equal_a in_o diameter_n to_o the_o circle_n of_o the_o image_n now_o this_o be_v do_v you_o will_v find_v that_o assoon_o as_o the_o west_n side_n of_o the_o sun_n begin_v to_o come_v near_o to_o the_o meridian_n the_o image_n begin_v to_o appear_v upon_o the_o board_n like_o the_o segment_n of_o a_o circle_n and_o grow_v large_a and_o large_a till_o it_o become_v perfect_o round_a now_o in_o the_o very_a instant_n of_o time_n wherein_o the_o image_n and_o the_o circle_n be_v unite_v set_v the_o wheel_n of_o your_o clock_n a_o go_v from_o the_o hour_n minute_n and_o second_o of_o xii_o to_o morrow_n or_o 3_o or_o 4_o day_n after_o when_o you_o desire_v to_o make_v a_o examination_n wait_v on_o about_o 12_o a_o clock_n when_o the_o sun_n be_v come_v to_o the_o meridian_n and_o you_o will_v find_v what_o the_o difference_n be_v if_o the_o clock_n go_v slow_a observe_v assoon_o as_o the_o image_n be_v unite_v with_o the_o circle_n which_o you_o will_v perceive_v in_o a_o second_o of_o time_n the_o variation_n that_o be_v to_o say_v how_o many_o second_o intervene_v between_o that_o second_o wherein_o the_o union_n fall_v and_o that_o second_o that_o close_v xii_o hour_n in_o the_o clock_n if_o it_o go_v fast_o observe_v how_o many_o second_o pass_v from_o that_o second_o that_o end_v xii_o hour_n and_o that_o wherein_o the_o image_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v unite_v with_o the_o circle_n which_o if_o you_o do_v you_o will_v know_v exact_o what_o the_o difference_n be_v even_o to_o a_o second_o but_o without_o this_o you_o will_v find_v great_a difficulty_n to_o know_v the_o variation_n in_o 15_o or_o 20_o second_n especial_o in_o a_o common_a dial._n but_o here_o you_o will_v see_v distinct_o the_o image_n of_o the_o sun_n move_v every_o second_o of_o time_n the_o eight_o part_n or_o the_o six_o part_n or_o the_o four_o part_n of_o a_o inch_n according_a to_o the_o length_n of_o your_o tub_n and_o goodness_n of_o your_o glass_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o in_o adjust_v the_o pendulum_n clock_n respect_n must_v be_v have_v to_o the_o table_n of_o equation_n of_o day_n common_o know_v in_o astronomy_n for_o if_o this_o be_v not_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o make_v it_o go_v right_a and_o that_o because_o all_o the_o natural_a day_n of_o the_o year_n be_v not_o equal_a among_o themselves_o that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o time_n that_o be_v spend_v by_o the_o sun_n motion_n from_o the_o meridian_n this_o day_n to_o the_o same_o meridian_n the_o next_o day_n be_v not_o equal_a but_o be_v more_o or_o less_o than_o the_o time_n spend_v betwixt_o meridian_n and_o meridian_n a_o three_o or_o four_o day_n after_o for_o instance_n the_o sun_n this_o day_n be_v 11_o of_o july_n come_v soon_o to_o the_o meridian_n by_o three_o second_n of_o time_n than_o he_o come_v yesterday_o within_o 9_o or_o 10_o day_n suppose_v the_o 22_o of_o july_n he_o will_v be_v long_o in_o come_v to_o the_o meridian_n by_o 4_o second_o than_o upon_o the_o 21._o this_o difference_n i_o grant_v in_o short_a time_n be_v not_o sensible_a yet_o once_o in_o the_o year_n it_o will_v amount_v to_o more_o than_o half_a a_o hour_n this_o inequality_n of_o day_n arise_v from_o two_o cause_n first_o from_o the_o sun_n eccentricity_n whereby_o he_o move_v slowly_a in_o one_o part_n of_o the_o
inch_n in_o diameter_n and_o which_o be_v the_o just_a weight_n also_o of_o each_o pillar_n of_o air_n by_o which_o the_o two_o vessel_n be_v keep_v together_o which_o will_v be_v more_o weight_n than_o seven_o hogshead_n full_a of_o water_n this_o be_v easy_o know_v for_o see_v a_o quart_n of_o our_o measure_n weigh_v seven_o pound_n or_o to_o speak_v strict_o six_o pound_n fourteen_o ounce_n see_v the_o standard-jug_n of_o strivil_v contain_v three_o pound_n seven_o ounce_n of_o water_n a_o gallon_n must_v weigh_v 28_o pound_n but_o 16_o time_n 28_o be_v 448._o a_o puncheon_n then_o full_a of_o water_n weigh_v 448_o pound_n if_o then_o you_o divide_v 3192_o by_o 448_o you_o will_v find_v more_o than_o 7._o the_o 9_o horse_n then_o upon_o this_o side_n have_v 3192_o pound_n weight_n to_o draw_v or_o 199_o stone_n or_o the_o weight_n of_o seven_o hogshead_n full_a of_o water_n the_o other_o 9_o horse_n upon_o the_o other_o side_n have_v as_o much_o to_o pull_v it_o be_v no_o wonder_n then_o to_o see_v so_o much_o difficulty_n and_o pain_n to_o make_v a_o separation_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o before_o the_o air_n be_v exsuct_v and_o draw_v out_o of_o the_o two_o vessel_n one_o man_n be_v able_a to_o pull_v they_o asunder_o with_o his_o hand_n only_o nay_o which_o be_v more_o if_o he_o but_o blow_v into_o they_o as_o a_o man_n do_v into_o a_o bladder_n he_o will_v separat_fw-la they_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o air_n within_o be_v of_o as_o great_a force_n as_o the_o air_n without_o it_o be_v observable_a next_o that_o the_o large_a the_o vessel_n be_v in_o diameter_n the_o more_o strength_n be_v require_v to_o pull_v the_o one_o from_o the_o other_o upon_o supposition_n then_o they_o be_v 4_o foot_n wide_a i_o very_o believe_v 30_o yoke_n of_o ox_n upon_o every_o side_n will_v hardly_o disjoin_v they_o because_o the_o weight_n of_o each_o pillar_n of_o air_n will_v be_v no_o less_o than_o 22844_o pound_n which_o will_v take_v 63_o strong_a horse_n to_o overcome_v the_o force_n of_o it_o to_o pull_v the_o one_o vessel_n therefore_o from_o the_o other_o there_o must_v be_v 126_o horse_n that_o be_v 63_o on_o every_o side_n observation_n xix_o though_o this_o observation_n may_v seem_v useless_a because_o the_o proposal_n that_o be_v mention_v in_o it_o can_v be_v make_v out_o and_o bring_v to_o pass_v the_o author_n have_v die_v before_o he_o have_v encouragement_n to_o prosecute_v they_o yet_o for_o these_o follow_a reason_n i_o have_v adventure_v to_o insert_v it_o here_o first_o that_o other_o may_v either_o be_v mind_v to_o find_v out_o if_o possible_a his_o invention_n or_o set_v a_o work_n to_o find_v out_o something_n that_o may_v be_v as_o useful_a next_o because_o he_o be_v one_o of_o this_o same_o nation_n and_o a_o great_a master_n of_o the_o mathematics_n not_o only_o in_o the_o speculative_a but_o in_o the_o practical_a part_n chief_o and_o admirable_a for_o invention_n and_o for_o this_o cause_n principal_o i_o have_v presume_v to_o mention_v his_o design_n and_o proposal_n which_o be_v find_v among_o his_o note_n after_o his_o death_n which_o be_v here_o insert_v as_o they_o be_v write_v with_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o offer_v to_o the_o public_a not_o only_o at_o home_n but_o abroad_o to_o stranger_n there_o have_v be_v man_n in_o all_o age_n famous_a for_o some_o one_o art_n and_o science_n beyond_o other_o as_o apelles_n for_o paint_v hypocrates_n for_o medicine_n demosthenes_n for_o oratry_n but_o who_o have_v be_v more_o famous_a in_o their_o time_n than_o some_o person_n for_o their_o profound_a knowledge_n in_o astronomy_n geometry_n and_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o mathematics_n what_o a_o admirable_a person_n be_v archimedes_n for_o his_o divine_a knowledge_n both_o in_o the_o speculative_a and_o practical_a part_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o his_o speculation_n simple_o though_o excellent_a that_o do_v so_o much_o commend_v he_o as_o his_o invention_n and_o admirable_a engine_n for_o peace_n and_o war_n as_o be_v clear_a from_o the_o roman_a history_n and_o other_o i_o confess_v the_o student_n of_o these_o art_n be_v not_o so_o much_o in_o request_n now_o at_o least_o among_o some_o and_o that_o knowledge_n be_v not_o so_o much_o esteem_v and_o the_o reason_n may_v be_v because_o some_o who_o profess_v themselves_o great_a master_n study_v nothing_o but_o the_o pure_a speculation_n which_o sometime_o be_v to_o small_a purpose_n other_o before_o know_v the_o same_o unless_o for_o perfect_v of_o the_o mind_n and_o give_v to_o a_o man_n some_o private_a satisfaction_n but_o such_o thing_n will_v never_o commend_v a_o man_n so_o much_o as_o the_o practical_a part_n and_o new_a invention_n will_v do_v it_o be_v sure_o a_o small_a business_n for_o one_o to_o do_v nothing_o but_o to_o nibble_n at_o some_o petty_a demonstration_n but_o when_o such_o speculation_n be_v join_v with_o invention_n and_o practice_n for_o the_o profit_n and_o use_v of_o man_n among_o who_o they_o live_v then_o be_v they_o far_o more_o to_o be_v commend_v and_o if_o this_o be_v not_o such_o knowledge_n be_v of_o small_a advantage_n to_o themselves_o or_o other_o many_o of_o the_o ancient_n and_o late_a astronomer_n have_v be_v and_o be_v famous_a for_o practice_n as_o witness_v the_o indefatigable_a pain_n they_o have_v be_v at_o in_o make_v their_o observation_n what_o have_v so_o high_o commend_v merchiston_n over_o all_o europe_n as_o his_o invention_n especial_o his_o logarithme_n and_o if_o all_o be_v true_a that_o be_v report_v which_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o believe_v he_o may_v have_v be_v more_o renown_v for_o his_o many_o excellent_a engine_n which_o though_o useful_a yet_o because_o hurtful_a to_o mankind_n he_o bury_v with_o himself_o i_o be_o confident_a if_o the_o author_n of_o these_o proposal_n have_v have_v time_n to_o have_v prosecute_v they_o he_o will_v have_v be_v celebrate_v in_o the_o catalogue_n of_o the_o most_o famous_a mathematician_n of_o his_o time_n but_o leave_v this_o i_o shall_v give_v you_o they_o in_o his_o own_o word_n but_o first_o his_o apology_n these_o bold_a proposal_n will_v need_v perhaps_o a_o apology_n to_o such_o to_o who_o the_o cause_n and_o circumstance_n be_v unknown_a let_v it_o suffice_v that_o the_o proposer_n find_v himself_o between_o two_o extreme_n either_o to_o leave_v unprosecute_v this_o affair_n for_o fear_v of_o be_v mistake_v by_o some_o as_o impudent_a or_o to_o commit_v himself_o open_o to_o the_o charitable_a judgement_n of_o other_o who_o will_v suspend_v their_o censure_n till_o they_o have_v see_v what_o his_o endeavour_n will_v produce_v he_o have_v rather_o choose_v this_o last_o especial_o consider_v that_o his_o silence_n can_v not_o answer_v to_o his_o duty_n which_o he_o owe_v to_o his_o country_n service_n see_v the_o follow_a engine_n may_v be_v so_o useful_a to_o it_o a_o deduction_n of_o the_o fabric_n cause_n and_o occasion_n of_o these_o new_a engine_n that_o set_v the_o inventor_n a-work_o will_v take_v a_o long_a time_n to_o discourse_n upon_o this_o paper_n therefore_o be_v only_o destine_v for_o a_o short_a information_n of_o their_o use_n the_o rest_n which_o can_v not_o here_o be_v insert_v without_o impertinency_n may_v be_v supply_v afterward_o if_o need_v be_v either_o by_o a_o discourse_n or_o by_o a_o particular_a demonstration_n the_o proposer_n than_o be_v of_o opinion_n if_o self-love_n of_o his_o own_o invention_n do_v not_o blind_v his_o judgement_n that_o these_o paradox_n may_v be_v true_o affirm_v that_o if_o it_o shall_v please_v his_o majesty_n to_o arm_v with_o these_o new_a arm_n and_o engine_n 500_o foot_n or_o few_o this_o small_a number_n shall_v be_v master_n of_o the_o field_n in_o france_n germany_n spain_n or_o where_o else_o it_o shall_v please_v his_o majesty_n however_o encounter_v by_o the_o most_o powerful_a army_n of_o horse_n or_o foot_n arm_v with_o ordinary_a arm_n of_o pistol_n carabine_n pike_n musket_n which_o europe_n can_v bring_v to_o the_o field_n the_o cause_n of_o this_o admirable_a effect_n be_v in_o the_o quality_n of_o these_o new_a arm_n by_o which_o the_o whole_a horseman_n and_o footman_n of_o the_o enemy_n be_v render_v useless_a and_o unservicable_a neither_o can_v they_o do_v any_o offence_n to_o these_o who_o be_v so_o arm_v the_o musquetteer_n who_o can_v only_o serve_v against_o these_o machines_n shall_v be_v put_v to_o such_o disadvantage_n as_o it_o be_v impossible_a they_o can_v stand_v the_o least_o time_n in_o the_o common_a way_n of_o service_n with_o the_o musket_n it_o not_o be_v able_a to_o make_v one_o shoot_v for_o twenty_o which_o shall_v be_v make_v from_o these_o new_a engine_n these_o new_a arm_n have_v this_o advantage_n likewise_o that_o these_o who_o be_v so_o arm_v can_v by_o no_o force_n of_o horse_n or_o foot_n be_v break_v
rom._n 16._o the_o devil_n answer_v it_o be_v write_v mat._n 25._o there_o be_v ten_o virgin_n five_o wise_a and_o five_o foolish_a and_o the_o bridegroom_n come_v the_o foolish_a virgin_n have_v no_o oil_n in_o their_o lamp_n and_o they_o go_v unto_o the_o wise_a to_o seek_v oil_n and_o the_o wise_a say_v go_v and_o buy_v for_o yourselves_o and_o while_o they_o go_v the_o bridegroom_n come_v and_o enter_v in_o and_o the_o door_n be_v shut_v and_o the_o foolish_a virgin_n be_v send_v to_o hell_n fire_n the_o minister_n answer_v the_o lord_n know_v the_o sincerity_n of_o his_o servant_n and_o though_o there_o be_v sin_n and_o folly_n in_o we_o here_o yet_o there_o be_v a_o fountain_n open_v to_o the_o house_n of_o david_n for_o sin_n and_o for_o uncleanness_n and_o when_o he_o have_v wash_v we_o there_o and_o pardon_v all_o our_o sin_n for_o his_o name_n sake_n he_o will_v cast_v the_o unclean_a spirit_n out_o of_o the_o land_n the_o devil_n answer_v and_o say_v that_o place_n of_o scripture_n be_v write_v in_o the_o 13_o of_o zechariah_n in_o that_o day_n i_o will_v cause_v the_o prophet_n and_o the_o unclean_a spirit_n pass_v out_o of_o the_o land_n but_o afterward_o it_o be_v write_v i_o will_v smite_v the_o shepherd_n and_o the_o sheep_n shall_v be_v scatter_v the_o minister_n answer_v and_o say_v well_o be_v we_o that_o our_o bless_a shepherd_n be_v smite_v and_o thereby_o have_v bruise_v thy_o head_n and_o albeit_o in_o the_o hour_n of_o his_o suffering_n his_o disciple_n forsake_v he_o mat._n 26._o yet_o now_o have_v ascend_v on_o high_a he_o sit_v in_o glory_n and_o be_v preserve_v gather_v in_o and_o turn_v his_o hand_n upon_o his_o little_a one_o and_o will_v save_v his_o poor_a one_o in_o this_o family_n from_o thy_o malice_n the_o minister_n return_v back_o a_o little_a and_o stand_v upon_o the_o floor_n the_o devil_n say_v i_o know_v not_o these_o scripture_n till_o my_o father_n teach_v i_o they_o i_o be_o a_o evil_a spirit_n and_o satan_n be_v my_o father_n and_o i_o be_o come_v to_o vex_v this_o house_n and_o present_o there_o appear_v a_o naked_a hand_n and_o a_o arm_n from_o the_o elbow_n down_o beat_v upon_o the_o floor_n till_o the_o house_n do_v shake_v again_o and_o also_o the_o devil_n utter_v a_o most_o fearful_a and_o loud_a cry_n say_v come_v up_o father_n come_v up_o i_o will_v send_v my_o father_n among_o you_o see_v there_o he_o be_v behind_o your_o back_n the_o minister_n say_v i_o see_v indeed_o a_o hand_n and_o a_o arm_n when_o the_o stroke_n be_v give_v and_o hear_v the_o devil_n say_v to_o he_o see_v you_o that_o it_o be_v not_o my_o hand_n it_o be_v my_o father_n my_o hand_n be_v more_o blâ—ck_a in_o the_o loof_o will_v you_o see_v i_o put_v out_o the_o candle_n then_o and_o i_o shall_v come_v butt_n the_o house_n among_o you_o like_o fire-ball_n after_o which_o all_o go_v to_o prayer_n during_o which_o time_n it_o do_v no_o harm_n neither_o at_o any_o other_o time_n when_o god_n be_v worship_v when_o prayer_n be_v end_v the_o devil_n answer_v and_o say_v mes_n john_n if_o the_o goodman_n son_n prayer_n at_o the_o college_n of_o glasgow_n do_v not_o prevail_v more_o with_o god_n than_o you_o my_o father_n and_o i_o have_v wrought_v a_o mischief_n here_o ere_o now_o to_o which_o one_o of_o the_o gentleman_n reply_v though_o a_o check_n have_v be_v give_v he_o before_o well_o well_o i_o see_v you_o confess_v there_o be_v a_o god_n and_o that_o prayer_n prevail_v with_o he_o and_o therefore_o we_o must_v pray_v to_o god_n and_o will_v commit_v the_o event_n to_o he_o to_o which_o the_o devil_n reply_v yea_o sir_n you_o speak_v of_o prayer_n with_o your_o broad_a lip_v hat_n for_o the_o gentleman_n have_v late_o get_v a_o new_a hat_n in_o the_o fashion_n with_o broad_a lip_n i_o will_v bring_v a_o pair_n of_o shears_o from_o my_o father_n that_o shall_v clip_v the_o lip_n of_o it_o a_o little_a the_o night_n now_o be_v far_o spend_v it_o be_v think_v fit_a every_o one_o shall_v withdraw_v to_o his_o own_o home_n then_o do_v the_o devil_n cry_v out_o fearful_o let_v not_o the_o minister_n go_v home_o i_o shall_v burn_v the_o house_n if_o he_o go_v and_o many_o other_o way_n do_v he_o threaten_v and_o after_o the_o minister_n be_v go_v forth_o the_o goodman_n be_v instant_a with_o he_o to_o tarry_v whereupon_o he_o return_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o company_n go_v home_o then_o say_v the_o devil_n to_o the_o minister_n you_o have_v do_v my_o bid_n not_o thou_o answer_v he_o but_o in_o obedience_n to_o god_n have_v i_o return_v to_o bear_v this_o man_n company_n who_o thou_o do_v afflict_v then_o do_v the_o minister_n call_v upon_o the_o name_n of_o god_n and_o when_o prayer_n be_v end_v he_o discharge_v mr._n campbel_n and_o all_o the_o person_n of_o the_o family_n from_o open_v their_o mouth_n in_o one_o word_n to_o the_o evil_a spirit_n and_o when_o it_o speak_v that_o they_o shall_v only_o kneel_v down_o and_o speak_v to_o god_n the_o devil_n then_o roar_v mighty_o and_o cry_v out_o what_o will_v you_o not_o speak_v to_o i_o i_o shall_v burn_v the_o house_n i_o shall_v strike_v the_o bairn_n and_o do_v all_o manner_n of_o mischief_n but_o after_o that_o time_n no_o answer_n be_v make_v to_o it_o and_o so_o for_o a_o long_a time_n no_o speech_n be_v hear_v after_o this_o the_o say_a gilbert_n suffer_v much_o loss_n and_o have_v many_o sad_a night_n not_o two_o night_n in_o one_o week_n free_a and_o thus_o it_o continue_v till_o april_n from_o april_n to_o july_n he_o have_v some_o respite_n and_o ease_n but_o after_o he_o be_v molest_v with_o new_a assault_n and_o even_o their_o victual_n be_v so_o abuse_v that_o the_o family_n be_v in_o hazard_n of_o starve_v and_o that_o which_o they_o do_v eat_v give_v they_o not_o the_o ordinary_a satisfaction_n they_o be_v wont_a to_o find_v in_o this_o sore_a and_o sad_a affliction_n mr._n campbel_n resolve_v to_o make_v his_o address_n to_o the_o synod_n of_o presbyter_n for_o advice_n and_o counsel_n what_o to_o do_v which_o be_v appoint_v to_o conveen_n in_o october_n 1655_o namely_o whether_o to_o forsake_v the_o house_n and_o place_n or_o not_o the_o synod_n by_o their_o committee_n appoint_v to_o meet_v at_o glenluce_n in_o feb._n 1656_o think_v fit_a that_o a_o solemn_a humiliation_n shall_v be_v keep_v through_o all_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o synod_n and_o among_o other_o cause_n to_o request_n god_n in_o behalf_n of_o that_o poor_a afflict_a family_n which_o be_v careful_o do_v the_o event_n be_v through_o the_o prayer_n of_o his_o people_n that_o his_o trouble_n grow_v less_o till_o april_n and_o from_o april_n to_o august_n he_o be_v altogether_o free_a about_o which_o time_n the_o devil_n begin_v with_o new_a assault_n and_o take_v the_o ready_a meat_n that_o be_v in_o the_o house_n do_v sometime_o hide_v it_o in_o hole_n by_o the_o door-post_n and_o at_o other_o time_n do_v hide_v it_o under_o the_o bed_n and_o sometime_o among_o the_o bedclothe_n and_o under_o the_o linning_n and_o at_o last_o do_v carry_v it_o quite_o away_o till_o nothing_o be_v leave_v there_o save_o bread_n and_o water_n to_o live_v by_o after_o this_o he_o exercise_v his_o malice_n and_o cruelty_n against_o all_o the_o person_n of_o the_o family_n in_o weary_v they_o in_o the_o night_n time_n with_o stir_v and_o move_v through_o the_o house_n so_o that_o they_o have_v no_o rest_n for_o noise_n which_o continue_v all_o the_o month_n of_o august_n after_o this_o manner_n after_o which_o time_n the_o devil_n grow_v yet_o worse_o and_o begin_v with_o terrible_a roar_n and_o terrify_v voice_n so_o that_o no_o person_n can_v sleep_v in_o the_o house_n in_o the_o night_n time_n and_o sometime_o do_v vex_v they_o with_o cast_v of_o stone_n strike_v they_o with_o staff_n on_o their_o bed_n in_o the_o night_n time_n and_o upon_o the_o 18_o of_o september_n about_o midnight_n he_o cry_v out_o with_o a_o loud_a voice_n i_o shall_v burn_v the_o house_n and_o about_o three_o or_o four_o night_n after_o he_o set_v one_o of_o the_o bed_n on_o fire_n which_o be_v soon_o extinguish_v without_o any_o prejudice_n except_o the_o bed_n itself_o and_o so_o he_o continue_v to_o vex_v they_o observation_n xxi_o i_o need_v not_o make_v any_o apology_n for_o insert_v this_o observation_n even_o though_o it_o be_v well_o know_v upon_o the_o matter_n in_o this_o place_n but_o because_o the_o thing_n be_v extraordinary_a and_o that_o there_o be_v many_o who_o have_v not_o so_o much_o as_o hear_v of_o it_o i_o have_v therefore_o presume_v to_o mention_v it_o here_o the_o matter_n be_v short_o this_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a woman_n name_v