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a_o hundred_o thousand_o foot_n and_o ten_o thousand_o horseman_n with_o provision_n and_o munition_n of_o arm_n corn_n and_o money_n as_o much_o as_o be_v needful_a for_o entertainment_n of_o so_o great_a power_n and_o who_o above_o all_o the_o forename_a thing_n have_v under_o his_o obedience_n one_o of_o the_o great_a and_o most_o mighty_a city_n which_o be_v then_o in_o all_o greece_n which_o hadso_a many_o port_n so_o many_o arsenal_n or_o storehouse_n so_o many_o impregnable_a castle_n and_o who_o beside_o all_o this_o be_v ally_v with_o many_o great_a and_o mighty_a confederate_n but_o that_o which_o give_v dion_z the_o victory_n in_o this_o enterprise_n be_v principal_o his_o magnanimity_n and_o greatness_n of_o courage_n with_o the_o love_n and_o good_a will_n which_o be_v bear_v he_o of_o those_o who_o he_o come_v to_o set_v free_a and_o that_o which_o help_v he_o
the_o science_n do_v that_o for_o posterity_n which_o antiquity_n have_v do_v for_o we_o to_o the_o end_n that_o learning_n be_v not_o lose_v but_o from_o day_n to_o day_n may_v receive_v some_o increase_n of_o the_o variety_n of_o thing_n the_o first_o book_n intend_v to_o represent_v according_a to_o my_o ability_n the_o interchangeable_a course_n and_o alteration_n of_o all_o thing_n in_o the_o world_n together_o with_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o principal_a change_n and_o variety_n to_o be_v perceive_v as_o well_o in_o the_o superior_a as_o in_o the_o inferior_a part_n thereof_o since_o the_o time_n that_o the_o first_o memory_n of_o man_n begin_v even_o to_o this_o present_a i_o most_o humble_o acknowledge_v the_o divine_a providence_n of_o god_n to_o be_v above_o all_o believe_v assure_o that_o god_n almighty_a maker_n and_o governor_n of_o this_o great_a work_n so_o excellent_a in_o beauty_n so_o admirable_a in_o variety_n and_o so_o singular_a in_o continuance_n to_o who_o i_o 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also_o bestow_v convenient_a circular_a motion_n exempt_v from_o the_o wander_a and_o inconstancy_n of_o other_o turn_v it_o by_o the_o same_o and_o in_o the_o same_o and_o to_o himself_o wherein_o he_o do_v persevere_v yet_o nevertheless_o since_o it_o have_v a_o body_n it_o can_v not_o whole_o warrant_v or_o preserve_v itself_o from_o alteration_n &_o change_n the_o ancient_n make_v eight_o sphere_n in_o it_o of_o the_o firmament_n and_o of_o the_o seven_o planet_n but_o since_o have_v be_v observe_v the_o nine_o and_o the_o ten_o our_o late_a astrologer_n affirm_v that_o the_o ten_o do_v turn_v round_o about_o the_o world_n in_o 24._o hour_n go_v by_o the_o right_a side_n from_o east_n to_o west_n and_o by_o this_o so_o swift_a and_o impetous_a motion_n do_v force_n and_o carry_v with_o it_o all_o the_o other_o inferior_a sphere_n and_o do_v make_v they_o make_v the_o same_o turn_n in_o the_o self_n same_o space_n of_o time_n although_o that_o their_o proper_a motion_n be_v contrary_a unto_o it_o draw_v on_o the_o left_a side_n from_o west_n to_o east_n namely_o the_o nine_o be_v the_o slow_a in_o 49._o thousand_o year_n the_o eight_o to_o have_v two_o the_o one_o of_o 36._o thousand_o year_n other_o of_o seven_o thousand_o the_o sphere_n of_o saturn_n in_o 30._o year_n of_o jupiter_n in_o 12_o of_o mars_n in_o two_o of_o the_o sun_n venus_n &_o mercury_n in_o one_o year_n of_o the_o moon_n in_o 28._o day_n time_n also_o be_v make_v with_o heaven_n and_o with_o the_o star_n so_o that_o have_v have_v the_o self_n same_o beginning_n they_o shall_v also_o have_v the_o same_o end_n when_o the_o world_n shall_v be_v dissolve_v return_v into_o their_o ancient_a chaos_n and_o former_a darkness_n for_o the_o day_n month_n year_n and_o age_n which_o be_v not_o before_o that_o the_o heaven_n and_o the_o star_n be_v create_v incontinent_o begin_v with_o they_o and_o number_n be_v distinguish_v and_o observe_v by_o their_o course_n that_o be_v the_o intercourse_n of_o day_n and_o night_n by_o the_o daily_a motion_n of_o the_o firmament_n the_o month_n after_o that_o the_o moon_n have_v go_v over_o her_o whole_a circle_n and_o attain_v to_o the_o sun_n the_o ordinary_a year_n when_o the_o sun_n have_v accomplish_v his_o course_n the_o great_a year_n when_o the_o seven_o planet_n and_o other_o fix_v star_n return_v to_o their_o first_o place_n represent_v the_o same_o nature_n which_o be_v at_o the_o beginning_n the_o life_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o the_o prefix_a time_n of_o their_o continuance_n be_v determine_v by_o lesser_a or_o great_a number_n according_a to_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o matter_n whereof_o they_o be_v make_v spring_v grow_a flourish_a diminish_v perish_v in_o certainetimes_o and_o by_o unequal_a space_n be_v reduce_v to_o the_o self_n same_o end_n every_o one_o seel_v his_o corruption_n to_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o another_o generation_n insomuch_o that_o it_o seem_v unto_o plato_n that_o the_o world_n be_v nourish_v by_o the_o consumption_n and_o decay_v of_o itself_o produce_v always_o new_a creature_n unto_o the_o old_a and_o raise_v up_o of_o other_o like_v unto_o they_o in_o the_o place_n of_o those_o that_o be_v perish_v without_o suffer_v the_o kind_n to_o fail_v or_o surcease_v which_o by_o this_o mean_n do_v always_o remain_v as_o it_o be_v immortal_a but_o howbeit_o the_o world_n be_v round_o and_o have_v not_o in_o it_o either_o high_a or_o low_a consider_v that_o the_o place_n which_o be_v in_o the_o midst_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v term_v high_a or_o low_a nor_o that_o which_o compass_v about_o be_v call_v the_o midst_n neither_o have_v in_o it_o any_o part_n differ_v from_o the_o other_o if_o regard_n be_v have_v unto_o the_o midst_n and_o every_o other_o opposite_a thing_n notwithstanding_o in_o respect_n of_o ourselves_o we_o say_v that_o it_o have_v high_a &_o low_a right_a and_o left_a that_o pole_n which_o we_o see_v be_v term_v low_o according_a to_o aristotle_n &_o other_o which_o be_v hide_v from_o we_o high_a and_o the_o east_n whence_o the_o first_o motion_n proceed_v be_v the_o right_a side_n the_o west_n be_v the_o left_a whence_o come_v a_o motion_n contrary_n to_o the_o former_a then_o the_o astrologer_n and_o philosopher_n affirm_v that_o from_o the_o superior_a part_n of_o the_o world_n there_o descend_v a_o certain_a virtue_n accompany_v with_o light_n and_o heat_n which_o some_o of_o they_o do_v call_v the_o spirit_n or_o soul_n of_o the_o world_n other_o say_v it_o be_v nature_n which_o mingle_v itself_o with_o the_o mass_n of_o this_o great_a body_n penetrate_v quicken_a nourish_a and_o moderate_v all_o these_o variable_a thing_n under_o the_o moon_n which_o be_v of_o such_o efficacy_n begin_v first_o with_o the_o fire_n and_o the_o air_n which_o be_v move_v by_o the_o celestial_a move_n do_v afterwards_o move_v the_o water_n and_o the_o earth_n and_o consequent_o the_o nature_n compound_v of_o these_o four_o element_n as_o well_o man_n beast_n bird_n and_o fish_n as_o plant_n tree_n herb_n and_o metal_n that_o there_o be_v the_o first_o move_v whereof_o do_v depend_v all_o other_o inferiors_n motion_n and_o all_o essence_n whatsoever_o that_o there_o hence_o do_v proceed_v diverse_a temperature_n of_o body_n inclination_n of_o mind_n manner_n of_o man_n property_n of_o nation_n vice_n and_o virtue_n health_n and_o sickness_n force_n and_o feebleness_n shortness_n and_o length_n of_o life_n mortality_n riches_n and_o poverty_n prosperity_n and_o adversity_n that_o there_o hence_o all_o estate_n and_o sect_n do_v take_v their_o beginning_n their_o course_n continuance_n and_o their_o end_n in_o brief_a that_o all_o this_o inferior_a world_n do_v obey_v the_o superior_a &_o be_v govern_v by_o it_o especial_o that_o all_o human_a affair_n do_v depend_v thereon_o and_o yet_o be_v to_o be_v prevent_v by_o deed_n not_o that_o such_o effect_n do_v necessary_o come_v to_o pass_v and_o inviolable_o by_o a_o fatal_a law_n but_o that_o they_o may_v be_v avoid_v by_o wisdom_n or_o turn_v from_o we_o by_o divine_a prayer_n or_o augment_v or_o diminish_v or_o moderate_v by_o nurture_n custom_n and_o instruction_n first_o that_o the_o sun_n lightning_n all_o thing_n with_o his_o beam_n do_v give_v evident_a proof_n thereof_o who_o rise_v and_o set_v make_v the_o day_n and_o the_o night_n by_o come_v towards_o we_o and_o go_v from_o we_o cause_v the_o year_n continual_o to_o be_v renew_v and_o by_o the_o obliquity_n or_o crookedness_n of_o the_o zodiac_n with_o the_o help_n of_o the_o twelve_o sign_n which_o be_v in_o it_o do_v distinguishe_v by_o his_o solstice_n and_o equinox_n the_o four_o season_n of_o the_o summer_n and_o winter_n of_o the_o spring_n and_o harvest_n in_o the_o which_o consist_v the_o vicissitude_n of_o life_n and_o death_n and_o the_o change_n of_o all_o thing_n
few_o in_o asia_n which_o be_v come_v to_o pass_v by_o reason_n that_o these_o two_o last_o part_n of_o the_o world_n have_v have_v one_o or_o two_o sovereignty_n but_o few_o common_a weal_n but_o europe_n have_v only_o have_v certain_a kingdom_n but_o infinite_a common_a weal_n man_n become_v excellent_a &_o make_v show_n of_o their_o virtue_n according_a as_o they_o be_v employ_v &_o advance_v by_o their_o prince_n or_o common_a wealth_n it_o be_v they_o lik_o that_o where_o be_v many_o potentat_n there_o will_v also_o be_v find_v many_o valiant_a man_n and_o few_o where_o there_o be_v but_o few_o potentat_n in_o asia_n be_v find_v ninus_n cyrus_n darius_n artaxerxes_n mithridates_n and_o a_o few_o other_o to_o bear_v they_o company_n in_o africa_n be_v name_v leave_v out_o the_o antiquity_n of_o egypt_n masinissa_n jugurtha_n and_o the_o captain_n breed_v by_o the_o common_a wealth_n of_o carthage_n the_o which_o yet_o in_o respect_n of_o europe_n be_v but_o few_o for_o asmuch_o as_o there_o be_v excellent_a one_o in_o europe_n without_o number_n and_o more_o will_v be_v if_o those_o other_o be_v name_v which_o by_o the_o malignity_n of_o the_o time_n be_v forget_v for_o the_o world_n have_v be_v there_o most_o virtuous_a where_o there_o have_v ben_fw-mi most_o great_a estate_n favourer_n of_o virtue_n either_o for_o necessity_n or_o some_o other_o humane_a passion_n there_o have_v be_v therefore_o few_o excellent_a man_n in_o asia_n because_o that_o province_n be_v whole_o under_o one_o kingdom_n which_o by_o the_o greatness_n thereof_o remain_v for_o the_o most_o part_n idle_a they_o can_v not_o there_o become_v excellent_a man_n for_o manage_v of_o affair_n the_o same_o be_v also_o in_o africa_n where_o likewise_o there_o have_v be_v few_o save_v only_o in_o the_o common_a wealth_n of_o carthage_n this_o be_v also_o observe_v that_o there_o be_v more_o excellent_a personage_n find_v in_o common_a weal_n then_o in_o kingdom_n in_o the_o which_o virtue_n be_v honour_v and_o in_o kingdom_n suppress_v whence_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o in_o a_o common_a wealth_n the_o virtuous_a be_v cherish_v and_o in_o a_o kingdom_n not_o regard_v wherefore_o he_o that_o shall_v consider_v europe_n shall_v find_v it_o to_o have_v be_v full_a of_o common_a weal_n and_o principality_n which_o for_o the_o fear_n they_o have_v one_o of_o the_o other_o be_v constrain_v to_o keep_v in_o vigour_n the_o military_a order_n and_o to_o honour_n and_o esteem_v of_o such_o as_o be_v best_a skill_v therein_o for_o in_o greece_n beside_o the_o kingdom_n of_o macedony_n there_o be_v many_o common_a weal_n &_o in_o every_o of_o they_o be_v breed_v most_o excellent_a man_n in_o italy_n be_v the_o roman_n samnite_n toscan_o and_o gaul_n cisalpins_n france_n and_o germany_n be_v full_a of_o common_a weal_n &_o prince_n likewise_o spain_n and_o although_o in_o comparison_n of_o the_o roman_n there_o be_v few_o other_o name_v that_o come_v to_o pass_v by_o the_o malignity_n of_o writer_n which_o follow_v fortune_n and_o honour_v none_o but_o the_o vanquisher_n but_o it_o seem_v not_o likely_a that_o among_o the_o samnite_n and_o toscan_o which_o maintain_v war_n 150._o year_n against_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n before_o they_o be_v overcome_v there_o be_v not_o many_o excellent_a man_n and_o likewise_o in_o france_n and_o spain_n but_o that_o virtue_n which_o the_o writer_n do_v not_o celebrate_v in_o particular_a man_n they_o extol_v general_o in_o the_o whole_a nation_n exalt_v even_o unto_o heaven_n their_o obstinate_a defend_n of_o their_o liberty_n it_o be_v true_a then_o that_o where_o be_v most_o estate_n there_o arise_v most_o valiant_a man_n it_o follow_v necessary_o that_o where_o there_o be_v few_o there_o virtue_n from_o hand_n to_o hand_n diminish_v because_o there_o remain_v lest_o occasion_n to_o make_v man_n virtuous_a wherefore_o the_o empire_n be_v since_o increase_v and_o have_v extinguish_v all_o the_o common_a weal_n and_o signory_n of_o europe_n and_o africa_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o those_o of_o asia_n it_o leave_v no_o way_n nor_o mean_n unto_o virtue_n any_o where_o but_o at_o rome_n so_o that_o there_o begin_v to_o be_v few_o excellent_a man_n in_o europe_n as_o in_o asia_n which_o virtue_n come_v since_o even_o to_o his_o last_o overthrow_n forasmuch_o as_o all_o virtue_n be_v reduce_v unto_o rome_n when_o it_o be_v once_o corrupt_v even_o almost_o all_o the_o world_n come_v to_o corruption_n therewith_o and_o the_o northern_a nation_n be_v of_o power_n to_o come_v and_o spoil_v this_o empire_n which_o have_v extinguish_v the_o light_n of_o other_o virtue_n and_o can_v not_o maintain_v his_o own_o although_o then_o that_o by_o the_o inundation_n of_o these_o barbarous_a nation_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o many_o part_n yet_o the_o former_a virtue_n can_v not_o yet_o spring_v up_o again_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o difficulty_n which_o there_o be_v for_o a_o time_n to_o resume_v the_o former_a order_n be_v overthrow_v &_o also_o because_o the_o manner_n of_o live_v at_o this_o day_n consider_v the_o christian_n religion_n do_v not_o imposethe_v same_o necessity_n of_o defend_v ourselves_o which_o be_v in_o ancient_a time_n for_o then_o those_o man_n that_o be_v over_o come_v in_o war_n be_v either_o slay_v or_o else_o remain_v in_o perpetual_a bondage_n lead_v a_o miserable_a life_n the_o conquer_a land_n be_v leave_v desolate_a or_o else_o they_o drive_v the_o inhabitant_n be_v spoil_v of_o their_o good_n like_o fugitive_n throughout_o the_o world_n insomuch_o that_o those_o which_o in_o war_n be_v overcome_v endure_v all_o extremity_n of_o misery_n be_v move_v with_o this_o fear_n man_n always_o hold_v military_a exercise_n in_o vigour_n &_o honour_v such_o as_o excel_v therein_o but_o at_o this_o day_n this_o fear_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v take_v away_o for_o there_o be_v few_o of_o the_o vanquish_v slay_v &_o they_o remain_v not_o long_a prisoner_n the_o way_n be_v easy_a to_o 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that_o have_v be_v call_v the_o father_n of_o the_o country_n the_o first_o that_o have_v deserve_v in_o a_o gown_n the_o triumph_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o laurel_n by_o speak_v well_o parent_n of_o the_o latin_a language_n and_o elegancy_n and_o as_o cesar_n the_o dictator_n be_v wont_a to_o say_v of_o thou_o have_v the_o prerogative_n of_o all_o triumph_n for_o asmuch_o as_o it_o be_v more_o to_o have_v advance_v the_o bound_n of_o the_o roman_a learning_n then_o of_o the_o empire_n the_o same_o pliny_n write_v thus_o of_o m._n varro_n the_o statue_n of_o he_o alone_o while_o he_o live_v be_v place_v by_o asinius_n pollio_n in_o the_o library_n which_o he_o first_o of_o all_o other_o erect_v of_o the_o spoil_v get_v of_o the_o enemy_n which_o i_o esteem_v no_o less_o glory_n proceed_v of_o a_o principal_a orator_n and_o citizen_n in_o that_o multitude_n of_o good_a wit_n that_o then_o be_v and_o give_v this_o crown_n to_o he_o alone_o then_o when_o pompey_n the_o great_a give_v he_o 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the_o most_o learned_a who_o have_v read_v so_o many_o thing_n that_o it_o be_v a_o wonder_n he_o have_v any_o leisure_n to_o write_v of_o aught_o and_o yet_o have_v write_v so_o much_o that_o it_o be_v scarce_o credible_a that_o any_o one_o can_v read_v it_o all_o for_o he_o write_v ccccxc_a book_n also_o who_o have_v more_o curious_o search_v out_o this_o then_z marcus_z varro_z or_o more_o learned_o find_v it_o or_o more_o attentive_o consider_v it_o or_o more_o subtle_o distinguish_v it_o or_o write_v more_o diligent_o and_o full_o of_o it_o who_o albeit_o he_o be_v not_o so_o sweet_a in_o speech_n abound_v notwithstanding_o aswell_o in_o knowledge_n and_o sentence_n as_o in_o all_o doctrine_n which_o we_o call_v secular_a and_o they_o liberal_a he_o can_v aswell_o teach_v the_o studious_a of_o thing_n as_o cicero_n delight_v the_o curious_a of_o word_n cicero_n in_o his_o book_n of_o the_o world_n give_v such_o testimony_n of_o p._n nigidius_n this_o personage_n be_v adorn_v 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arm_n now_o into_o spain_n against_o sertorius_n now_o against_o the_o pirate_n under_o colour_n of_o pacify_v the_o sea_n he_o pretend_v these_o cause_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v continue_v his_o power_n what_o lead_v he_o into_o africa_n and_o into_o the_o north_n against_o mithridates_n and_o into_o armenia_n and_o against_o all_o the_o king_n of_o asia_n but_o only_o a_o infinite_a desire_n of_o increase_v in_o greatness_n seem_v only_o to_o himself_o that_o he_o be_v not_o great_a enough_o what_o do_v put_v julius_n so_o far_o forward_o into_o these_o public_a evil_n glory_n and_o ambition_n and_o a_o desire_n which_o he_o have_v without_o measure_n to_o excel_v above_o other_o he_o can_v not_o suffer_v one_o to_o be_v before_o he_o where_o the_o common_a wealth_n endure_v two_o what_o think_v you_o that_o marius_n be_v once_o consul_n indeed_o have_v take_v away_o by_o force_n the_o six_o other_o consulship_n when_o he_o defeat_v the_o theuton_o and_o the_o cymbrian_n and_o 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tempestuous_a wind_n monster_n hideous_a in_o all_o nature_n sign_n in_o the_o air_n comet_n eclipse_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o of_o the_o moon_n and_o other_o horrible_a thing_n in_o the_o celestial_a motion_n whereof_o ensue_v famine_n plague_n and_o other_o disease_n which_o be_v before_o unknowen_a cicero_n write_v that_o there_o appear_v then_o not_o only_o fiery_a impression_n by_o night_n in_o the_o heaven_n flash_n of_o of_o lightning_n and_o tremble_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o moreover_o that_o the_o thunder_n fall_v on_o the_o high_a tower_n of_o the_o temple_n many_o image_n of_o the_o god_n be_v remove_v out_o of_o their_o place_n many_o statue_n of_o famous_a man_n throw_v down_o the_o table_n of_o brass_n wherein_o the_o law_n be_v engrave_v be_v melt_v the_o image_n also_o of_o romulus_n the_o founder_n of_o rome_n who_o be_v make_v as_o he_o be_v suck_v and_o wait_v at_o the_o tear_n of_o the_o wolf_n strike_v with_o thunder_n shall_v i_o tell_v of_o fower-score_n thousand_o roman_n and_o their_o ally_n defeat_v by_o the_o cymbrian_n and_o a_o hundred_o forty_o thousand_o cymbrian_n slay_v by_o the_o roman_n the_o army_n of_o the_o heluetian_o and_o germains_n overthrow_v the_o bondman_n up_o in_o arm_n and_o ally_n mutine_a and_o not_o only_o the_o good_a town_n and_o mighty_a army_n do_v suffer_v but_o also_o the_o rich_a seignory_n and_o noble_a kingdom_n be_v destroy_v the_o free_a nation_n either_o travail_v with_o war_n or_o be_v bring_v under_o subjection_n as_o the_o spanish_a french_a british_a german_a pannonian_n illyrian_a armenian_a and_o thracian_a italy_n itself_o after_o it_o have_v about_o some_o five_o hundred_o year_n valiant_o defend_v itself_o be_v in_o the_o end_n subdue_v moreover_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o famous_a man_n either_o in_o arm_n or_o learning_n but_o either_o receive_v notable_a injury_n or_o suffer_v violent_a death_n scipio_n africanus_n be_v return_v out_o of_o the_o senate_n be_v find_v the_o next_o 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murder_v in_o the_o senate-house_n cato_n brutus_n cassius_n &_o antonius_n be_v slay_v by_o their_o own_o hand_n cleopatra_z the_o last_o queen_n of_o alexandria_n be_v strong_a to_o death_n with_o a_o asp_n cicero_n twice_o banish_v and_o his_o head_n and_o hand_n cut_v off_o with_o which_o he_o have_v write_v his_o philippic_n mark_v varro_n proscribe_v nigidius_n exile_v so_o many_o horrible_a thing_n come_v to_o pass_v at_o that_o time_n that_o the_o very_a remembrance_n of_o they_o strike_v fear_n and_o horror_n into_o i_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o power_n learning_n and_o eloquence_n of_o the_o roman_n the_o roman_n then_o which_o for_o a_o time_n have_v meruailous_o profit_v live_v in_o liberty_n after_o that_o by_o the_o faction_n into_o which_o they_o be_v fall_v they_o be_v bring_v into_o servitude_n under_o the_o rule_n of_o one_o monarch_n they_o wax_v worse_a and_o worse_o by_o little_a and_o little_o decrease_v the_o exercise_n of_o arm_n and_o study_n of_o learning_n 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government_n in_o which_o it_o have_v be_v maintain_v sithence_o augustus_n time_n casserd_v the_o praetorian_a soldier_n make_v the_o fee_n hereditary_a which_o the_o man_n of_o arm_n before_o possess_v only_o for_o a_o time_n or_o during_o their_o life_n at_o most_o create_v new_a magistrate_n and_o ordain_v new_a law_n alter_v in_o a_o little_a time_n all_o the_o ancient_a form_n of_o government_n for_o dioclesian_n be_v dead_a maximian_n maxencius_fw-la and_o licinius_n slay_v who_o have_v be_v all_o emperor_n at_o the_o same_o time_n with_o constantius_n associate_v by_o they_o when_o this_o constantine_n the_o son_n of_o this_o constancius_fw-la and_o his_o successor_n in_o the_o empire_n see_v himself_o alone_o peaceable_a monarch_n he_o bethink_v he_o for_o the_o perpetuate_n of_o his_o memory_n and_o celebrate_v of_o it_o the_o more_o to_o build_v upon_o the_o straight_a of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o far_a part_n of_o europe_n next_o unto_o asia_n in_o the_o place_n where_o byzantium_n stand_v before_o a_o great_a city_n equal_a in_o all_o thing_n unto_o rome_n which_o he_o beautify_v with_o the_o same_o privilege_n liberty_n dignity_n and_o honour_n to_o the_o end_n that_o by_o the_o force_n thereof_o the_o empire_n towards_o the_o east_n may_v be_v uphold_v against_o the_o persian_n who_o power_n at_o that_o time_n be_v great_a and_o terrrible_a as_o in_o the_o west_n it_o be_v maintain_v against_o the_o german_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o ancient_a rome_n he_o will_v that_o these_o two_o city_n shall_v be_v repute_v as_o one_o and_o that_o the_o citizen_n of_o the_o one_o as_o of_o the_o other_o shall_v in_o like_a manner_n be_v choose_v consul_n of_o who_o the_o one_o shall_v be_v resident_a here_o and_o other_o there_o he_o ordain_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v four_o prefecture_n of_o the_o pretorie_n or_o court_n of_o sovereign_a authority_n next_o unto_o the_o imperial_a by_o which_o all_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o empire_n shall_v be_v order_v two_o for_o the_o west_n of_o italy_n and_o of_o france_n two_o for_o the_o east_n of_o ilyrian_a and_o of_o the_o orient_a and_o in_o lieu_n of_o the_o fifteen_o legion_n ordain_v by_o augustus_n and_o entertain_v by_o his_o successor_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o empire_n on_o the_o river_n of_o the_o rhine_n and_o of_o danubius_n he_o there_o build_v certain_a castle_n and_o fortress_n put_v in_o they_o but_o weak_a garrison_n yet_o think_v nevertheless_o that_o they_o will_v be_v strong_a enough_o to_o stop_v the_o course_n of_o the_o northern_a nation_n which_o he_o take_v to_o be_v altogether_o overcome_v by_o the_o great_a victory_n which_o he_o have_v obtain_v over_o they_o wherein_o he_o be_v great_o deceive_v for_o as_o much_o as_o these_o barbarous_a people_n see_v the_o frontier_n of_o the_o empire_n weak_a and_o evil_o guard_v stay_v not_o long_o from_o win_v they_o enter_v into_o the_o province_n of_o the_o empire_n which_o they_o overrun_v and_o invade_v miserable_o namely_o the_o ostrogoth_n and_o lombarde_n of_o italy_n the_o visigoth_n aquitaine_n and_o spain_n the_o frenchman_n and_o burguignon_n the_o country_n of_o gaul_n the_o vandal_n bethicke_n and_o africa_n final_o rome_n which_o be_v call_v before_o the_o head_n and_o light_n of_o the_o world_n and_o subduer_v of_o country_n be_v besiege_v take_v spoil_v and_o destroy_v many_o time_n which_o evil_n according_a to_o the_o say_n of_o ezechiel_n come_v out_o of_o the_o north_n which_o have_v always_o be_v so_o fertile_a of_o man_n that_o not_o only_o it_o have_v fill_v with_o inhabitant_n the_o waste_a wilderness_n and_o huge_a foreste_n of_o that_o quarter_n but_o also_o have_v accustom_v to_o cast_v out_o innumerable_a people_n which_o have_v possess_v asia_n and_o europe_n overthrow_v the_o ancient_a estate_n to_o establish_v new_a but_o i_o return_v to_o the_o empire_n which_o theodosius_fw-la the_o first_o of_o that_o name_n hold_v last_o entire_o both_o in_o the_o east_n and_o west_n &_o 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thousand_o and_o amongst_o other_o theodorick_n king_n of_o the_o goth_n attila_n be_v return_v into_o pannonia_n after_o this_o overthrow_n levy_v a_o new_a army_n and_o come_v furious_o into_o italy_n where_o he_o force_v sack_a and_o burn_v aquileia_n and_o many_o other_o place_n and_o as_o he_o purpose_v to_o go_v to_o rome_n the_o pope_n leo_n the_o first_o of_o that_o name_n come_v unto_o he_o and_o do_v so_o much_o by_o his_o entreaty_n that_o he_o not_o only_o change_v his_o purpose_n of_o go_v to_o rome_n but_o also_o leave_v italy_n he_o return_v into_o his_o own_o country_n he_o be_v a_o fatal_a tyrant_n unto_o europe_n and_o become_v in_o a_o little_a time_n very_o mighty_a call_v himself_o arrogant_o the_o scourge_n of_o god_n but_o his_o power_n be_v eftsoon_o lose_v by_o the_o discord_n of_o his_o child_n on_o the_o other_o side_n gensericus_n king_n of_o the_o vandal_n go_v out_o of_o spain_n into_o africa_n where_o he_o make_v no_o less_o waist_n than_o attila_n have_v do_v in_o europe_n he_o take_v carthage_n and_o hippona_n of_o whence_o saint_n augustine_n be_v bishop_n who_o die_v there_o during_o the_o siege_n lament_v the_o ruin_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o destruction_n of_o the_o church_n therhence_o he_o sail_v into_o italy_n with_o a_o mighty_a army_n and_o go_v unto_o rome_n which_o hetooke_v and_o spoil_v and_o be_v win_v by_o the_o prayer_n of_o pope_n leo_n who_o before_o have_v appease_v attila_n he_o do_v not_o put_v it_o to_o fire_n and_o sword_n whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o empire_n towards_o the_o west_n be_v very_o weak_a which_o many_o emperor_n of_o small_a renowmne_n hold_v one_o after_o another_o who_o dispatch_v one_o another_o by_o treason_n and_o secret_a practice_n without_o remain_v long_o amongst_o who_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a augustulus_n who_o voluntary_o quit_v the_o empire_n and_o lead_v a_o private_a life_n his_o name_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v fatal_a because_o that_o the_o empire_n which_o begin_v at_o 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damascen_n all_o thelogians_n or_o divine_n before_o who_o be_v clement_n of_o alexandria_n justin_n martyr_n aristides_n and_o athenagoras_n there_o flourish_v moreover_o appian_n and_o dydimus_n grammarian_n libanius_n a_o sophister_n plotinus_n jamblichus_n maximus_n porphyrius_n and_o proclus_n philosopher_n oribasius_n paulus_n egineta_n &_o etius_n physician_n procopius_n agathias_n philostratus_n historâ—ans_v the_o latin_n be_v cyprian_n tertullian_n arnobius_n lactantius_n hilarius_n ambrose_n hierome_n ruffin_n augustin_n &_o many_o other_o theologian_n ausonius_n claudianus_n iwencius_n and_o prudencius_fw-la poet_n servius_n donatus_n priscianus_n and_o diomedes_z grammarian_n victorinus_n a_o rhetorician_n sextus_n rusus_n aurelius_n victor_n trebellius_n pollio_n quintus_fw-la curtius_n vopiscus_n lampridius_n spartianus_n capitolinus_n idacius_n eutropius_n ammianus_n marcellinus_n paulus_n orosius_n prosper_n aquitanicus_n cassiodorus_n sidonius_n apollinarius_n jornandus_n paulus_n diaconus_fw-la methodius_n gregory_n of_o tours_n antony_n the_o monk_n historiographer_n &_o vegetius_n who_o have_v write_v of_o the_o art_n military_a tribonian_n a_o lawyer_n by_o the_o commandment_n of_o justinian_n gather_v the_o writing_n of_o the_o ancient_a lawyer_n call_v the_o pandect_n which_o only_o remain_v with_o we_o of_o antiquity_n afterward_o he_o do_v the_o like_a by_o the_o edict_n &_o ordinance_n of_o the_o emperor_n comprise_v before_o in_o iij._o volume_n nam_o the_o gregorian_a hermogenian_a &_o theodosian_a &_o gather_v they_o into_o one_o volume_n call_v the_o code_n or_o book_n of_o justinian_n symmachus_n &_o boecius_fw-la be_v in_o the_o temple_n of_o theodorick_n a_o king_n of_o the_o goth_n call_v veroâ—ensis_n who_o put_v they_o inhumane_o to_o death_n symmachus_n be_v a_o orator_n boetius_fw-la a_o philosopher_n who_o be_v exercise_v in_o all_o part_n of_o philosophy_n and_o in_o mathematics_n so_o happy_a both_o in_o verse_n and_o prose_n that_o it_o be_v hard_o to_o judge_v whether_o he_o be_v the_o last_o that_o speak_v latin_a or_o the_o first_o that_o do_v undertake_v to_o restore_v learning_n and_o eloquence_n decay_v laurentius_n valla_n call_v he_o the_o last_o of_o the_o learned_a man_n for_o since_o we_o have_v not_o have_v any_o but_o saint_n gregory_n beda_n and_o bernardus_n clarevallensis_n in_o so_o much_o that_o learning_n remain_v as_o it_o be_v dead_a the_o world_n go_v into_o a_o great_a silence_n and_o ignorance_n the_o trouble_v also_o and_o variety_n be_v no_o less_o in_o matter_n of_o religion_n then_o of_o empire_n for_o whereas_o sithence_o the_o resurrection_n of_o jesus_n christ_n those_o which_o make_v profession_n of_o his_o gospel_n have_v be_v by_o the_o space_n of_o three_o hundred_o year_n cruel_o persecute_v with_o diverse_a sort_n of_o horrible_a torment_n by_o the_o emperor_n nero_n domitian_n trajan_n severus_n maximinus_n decius_n valerianus_n aurelian_a dioclesian_n and_o maximinian_n final_o constantine_n embrace_v our_o religion_n undertake_v against_o his_o brother_n in_o law_n licinius_n caesar_n for_o the_o protection_n thereof_o a_o great_a war_n and_o more_o important_a than_o be_v that_o between_o pompey_n and_o caesar_n or_o between_o octavian_n and_o antony_n in_o which_o the_o question_n be_v not_o only_o of_o empire_n as_o in_o the_o other_o but_o also_o of_o religion_n namely_o whether_o the_o world_n from_o that_o time_n forward_o shall_v be_v subject_a and_o obedient_a to_o christian_a emperor_n who_o will_v overthrow_v the_o religion_n of_o the_o gentile_n or_o else_o unto_o the_o emperor_n of_o the_o gentile_n who_o will_v utter_o root_v out_o christianity_n whereof_o ensue_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a mutation_n that_o ever_o be_v constantine_n through_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n remain_v victorious_a who_o cause_v the_o worship_v of_o false_a god_n to_o cease_v &_o shut_v up_o their_o temple_n and_o set_v the_o christian_n in_o security_n permit_v they_o free_o and_o public_o to_o pray_v unto_o the_o true_a god_n and_o to_o build_v church_n unto_o which_o he_o assign_v revenue_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o preacher_n and_o minister_n and_o will_v have_v they_o receive_v unto_o honour_n and_o magistrácy_n notwithstanding_o their_o profession_n this_o quarrel_n be_v scarce_o appease_v the_o heresy_n of_o arrius_n arise_v the_o most_o pernicious_a that_o ever_o be_v for_o the_o root_n out_o of_o which_o constantine_n assemble_v that_o famous_a counsel_n of_o nicene_n but_o yet_o two_o year_n before_o his_o death_n at_o the_o persuasion_n of_o his_o sister_n constance_n herevoked_a arrius_n again_o out_o of_o banishment_n the_o which_o be_v cause_n of_o great_a scandal_n especial_o between_o his_o son_n the_o emperor_n constans_n and_o constantius_fw-la of_o who_o the_o one_o be_v a_o arrian_n and_o the_o other_o a_o orthodox_n or_o true_a christian._n among_o who_o thus_o disagree_v there_o be_v counsel_n hold_v against_o counsel_n and_o the_o one_o disannul_v by_o the_o other_o confession_n against_o confession_n cree_v against_o creed_n two_o bishop_n different_a in_o every_o city_n and_o
thereon_o it_o will_v be_v find_v by_o true_a reason_n of_o cosmography_n that_o they_o never_o possess_v the_o twelve_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n zenon_n the_o first_o author_n of_o the_o sect_n of_o the_o stoic_n imagine_v a_o universal_a form_n of_o government_n tend_v to_o this_o that_o all_o man_n shall_v not_o live_v by_o town_n people_n and_o nation_n be_v separate_v by_o particular_a law_n right_n and_o custom_n but_o that_o they_o shall_v account_v themselves_o fellow_n citizen_n and_o that_o there_o be_v but_o one_o sort_n of_o life_n as_o there_o be_v but_o one_o world_n no_o otherwise_o then_o as_o if_o it_o be_v but_o one_o flock_n feed_v under_o one_o shepherd_n in_o common_a pasture_n plato_n also_o wish_v that_o there_o be_v on_o earth_n but_o one_o king_n as_o there_o be_v in_o heaven_n but_o one_o god_n to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o human_a government_n may_v therein_o resemble_v the_o divine_a which_o lord_n of_o the_o world_n as_o a_o true_a shepherd_n of_o mankind_n shall_v love_v all_o man_n indifferent_o as_o his_o natural_a subject_n maintain_v they_o with_o good_a manner_n law_n judgement_n and_o assure_a intercourse_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n so_o great_a a_o prince_n not_o bear_v envy_n to_o any_o person_n and_o have_v no_o occasion_n to_o enlarge_v his_o frontier_n by_o ambition_n which_o will_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o cease_v so_o many_o enmity_n war_n slaughter_n spoil_n and_o robbery_n happen_v among_o man_n through_o the_o plurality_n and_o dissension_n of_o governement_n which_o matter_n be_v by_o they_o grave_o and_o magnificent_o propound_v be_v much_o more_o easy_a to_o be_v wish_v then_o effect_v consider_v the_o diversity_n of_o tongue_n dissimilitude_n of_o manner_n and_o custom_n variety_n of_o sect_n and_o vanity_n of_o opinion_n that_o reign_v amongst_o man_n and_o make_v they_o to_o lose_v that_o love_n which_o be_v wish_v amongst_o they_o hinder_v the_o establish_n of_o one_o universal_a common_a wealth_n of_o all_o and_o consequent_o a_o monarchy_n of_o people_n so_o much_o differ_v in_o estimation_n of_o divine_a and_o human_a right_n and_o the_o religion_n and_o service_n of_o god_n one_o man_n alone_o can_v not_o possess_v all_o the_o earth_n the_o great_a part_n of_o it_o be_v drown_v by_o the_o sea_n and_o in_o some_o place_n where_o it_o be_v uncover_v of_o water_n be_v unhabitable_a through_o excessive_a heat_n or_o cold_a and_o if_o he_o shall_v possess_v it_o he_o will_v straight_o forget_v himself_o in_o so_o great_a authority_n and_o liberty_n and_o become_v proud_a beyond_o measure_n wax_v tyrannical_a and_o insupportable_a as_o it_o happen_v to_o cambyses_n to_o nero_n to_o sesostris_n to_o attila_n to_o tamberlan_n and_o to_o alexander_n the_o great_a who_o through_o extreme_a overween_a will_v be_v account_v and_o call_v the_o son_n of_o god_n and_o for_o his_o insolency_n be_v poison_v by_o his_o most_o familiar_a friend_n and_o as_o it_o happen_v to_o octavian_n augustus_n who_o suffer_v temple_n to_o be_v consecrate_v to_o he_o and_o divine_a honour_n to_o be_v give_v he_o in_o his_o life_n time_n consider_v also_o that_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a measure_n and_o proportion_n of_o greatness_n in_o town_n city_n and_o state_n even_o as_o in_o live_a creature_n plant_n and_o instrument_n which_o when_o it_o exceed_v lose_v his_o nature_n and_o use_n as_o it_o befall_v unto_o this_o roman_a empire_n which_o be_v clyme_v up_o to_o a_o incomparable_a greatness_n and_o inestimable_a wealth_n do_v fall_v est_fw-la soon_o into_o great_a calamity_n and_o be_v final_o overthrow_v as_o other_o have_v be_v before_o it_o which_o we_o will_v compare_v together_o set_v down_o their_o similitude_n and_o difference_n a_o comparison_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n with_o the_o assyrian_a median_a persian_a macedonian_a and_o parthian_a amongst_o the_o great_a ancient_a kingdom_n the_o assyrian_a be_v excellent_a in_o nobility_n mighty_a in_o arm_n large_a in_o compass_n of_o land_n and_o in_o continuance_n admirable_a which_o be_v augment_v by_o belus_n ninus_n and_o semiramis_n and_o enlarge_v by_o the_o spacious_a country_n of_o asia_n be_v the_o first_o that_o amongst_o all_o other_o empire_n which_o it_o far_o exceed_v obtain_v the_o name_n of_o a_o establish_a monarchy_n and_o for_o the_o space_n of_o a_o thousand_o three_o hundred_o and_o threescore_o year_n under_o thirty_o eight_o king_n flourish_v great_o after_o follow_v that_o of_o the_o mede_n which_o under_o nine_o king_n continue_v cclxj_o year_n well_o govern_v in_o peace_n and_o war_n then_o reign_v the_o persian_n who_o have_v add_v egypt_n unto_o their_o dominion_n and_o increase_v their_o strength_n and_o riches_n when_o they_o have_v prosper_v two_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o year_n they_o lose_v their_o state_n under_o darius_n their_o fourteen_o king_n from_o that_o time_n forward_o the_o macedonian_n by_o the_o success_n and_o conduct_v of_o alexander_n obtain_v the_o rule_n over_o asia_n which_o they_o lose_v one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o year_n after_o give_v occasion_n by_o their_o civil_a dissension_n to_o the_o parthian_n in_o the_o east_n and_o to_o the_o roman_n in_o the_o west_n to_o increase_v and_o grow_v great_a then_o the_o roman_n towards_o the_o west_n seize_v the_o macedonian_a signiory_n which_o though_o it_o be_v great_a indeed_o yet_o be_v but_o weak_a by_o the_o division_n of_o the_o prince_n who_o have_v part_v it_o between_o they_o establish_v the_o great_a and_o fair_a empire_n that_o ever_o be_v for_o if_o all_o the_o famous_a monarch_n amongst_o the_o stranger_n be_v compare_v unto_o the_o roman_a emperor_n there_o will_v not_o be_v find_v any_o amongst_o they_o that_o have_v do_v great_a thing_n either_o in_o peace_n or_o war_n or_o that_o have_v more_o enlarge_v their_o empire_n and_o long_o maintain_v it_o the_o assyrian_n go_v not_o out_o of_o asia_n the_o median_n endure_v only_a cclx_o year_n the_o persian_n have_v overcome_v the_o mede_n obtain_v almost_o all_o asia_n but_o when_o they_o assail_v europe_n they_o little_o prevail_v and_o the_o persian_n be_v overthrow_v the_o macedonian_a empire_n be_v great_a than_o all_o the_o former_a but_o it_o endure_v but_o a_o while_n for_o incontinent_o after_o the_o death_n of_o alexander_n be_v divide_v into_o many_o lordship_n it_o be_v easy_o supplant_v by_o the_o roman_n and_o although_o it_o be_v very_a â—arge_n yet_o it_o go_v not_o into_o spacious_a africa_n save_v where_o it_o reach_v unto_o egypt_n neither_o possess_v all_o europe_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o country_n of_o thrace_n and_o towards_o the_o west_n with_o the_o adriaticke_a sea_n but_o the_o roman_a empire_n extend_v into_o europe_n asia_n and_o africa_n from_o the_o orcades_n and_o thule_n on_o the_o one_o side_n spain_n and_o mauritania_n on_o the_o other_o even_o to_o the_o hill_n caucasus_n and_o the_o river_n euphrates_n and_o the_o high_a ethiopia_n traverse_v the_o country_n of_o egypt_n and_o of_o arabia_n even_o to_o the_o east_n sea_n be_v the_o first_o and_o only_o which_o to_o this_o present_a have_v make_v the_o east_n and_o west_n his_o limit_n and_o have_v endure_v long_o than_o any_o other_o except_v the_o assyrian_a touch_v the_o parthian_a which_o be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n when_o the_o roman_a &_o oppose_v against_o it_o be_v increase_v with_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o macedonian_a in_o the_o east_n as_o the_o roman_a be_v also_o in_o the_o west_n albeit_o it_o be_v very_o great_a and_o terrible_a unto_o all_o the_o east_n as_o comprehend_v eighteen_o kingdom_n between_o the_o caspian_a and_o the_o red_a sea_n and_o be_v far_o stretch_v out_o toward_o the_o indies_n and_o famous_a by_o many_o overthrow_n which_o it_o have_v give_v to_o the_o roman_n as_o namely_o by_o the_o death_n of_o crassus_n and_o shameful_a retreat_n of_o antonius_n yet_o obtain_v it_o but_o one_o part_n of_o asia_n and_o receive_v some_o king_n from_o rome_n which_o be_v begin_v by_o arsaces_n endure_v only_o cccclxiij_fw-la year_n under_o twenty_o and_o seanâ—n_a king_n and_o the_o second_o persian_a also_o be_v of_o no_o great_a circuit_n which_o be_v set_v up_o by_o the_o persian_a artaxerxes_n have_v overcome_v in_o three_o battle_n and_o in_o the_o end_n slay_v artabanus_n the_o last_o king_n of_o the_o parthian_n and_o end_v cccxiij_o year_n after_o it_o be_v restore_v be_v overthrow_v under_o hormisdas_n the_o xxviij_o king_n by_o the_o arabian_n the_o birth_n of_o rome_n and_o conti_n nuance_n thereof_o compare_v to_o the_o four_o age_n of_o man_n life_n as_o the_o astrologer_n say_v that_o city_n have_v their_o revolution_n and_o prefix_a time_n of_o continuance_n which_o be_v know_v by_o the_o situation_n of_o star_n at_o the_o day_n of_o their_o nativity_n for_o this_o cause_n tarucius_fw-la a_o roman_a in_o the_o time_n of_o cicero_n and_o of_o
speak_v sober_o in_o his_o own_o praise_n so_o that_o none_o can_v take_v offence_n thereat_o and_o never_o but_o on_o just_a occasion_n in_o regard_n of_o some_o matter_n of_o consequence_n and_o be_v otherwise_o very_o modest_a and_o spare_v to_o speak_v of_o himself_o contrariwise_o the_o unmeasurable_a repetition_n of_o the_o self_n same_o thing_n which_o cicero_n use_v common_o in_o his_o oration_n show_v a_o excessive_a desire_n of_o glory_n and_o moreover_o he_o praise_v not_o only_o his_o own_o deed_n but_o also_o the_o oration_n which_o he_o have_v write_v or_o pronounce_v as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v to_o contest_v with_o some_o scholastical_a rhetorician_n and_o not_o to_o redress_v and_o reform_v the_o people_n of_o rome_n for_o to_o desire_v glory_n for_o his_o fair_a speak_n or_o which_o be_v worse_o to_o beg_v it_o be_v a_o act_n of_o a_o base_a mind_n and_o therefore_o in_o this_o part_n we_o must_v confess_v that_o demosthenes_n be_v more_o grave_n and_o more_o magnanimous_a who_o himself_n say_v that_o all_o his_o eloquence_n be_v but_o a_o rote_n get_v by_o long_a exercise_n which_o have_v yet_o need_v of_o auditor_n that_o will_v hear_v it_o patient_o and_o that_o he_o esteem_v they_o foolish_a and_o impertinent_a as_o indeed_o they_o be_v which_o glorify_v themselves_o the_o roman_a know_v ledge_n in_o law_n concern_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o law_n which_o hold_v the_o second_o place_n in_o rome_n next_o after_o eloquence_n it_o have_v be_v whole_o romain_n and_o italian_a for_o in_o other_o well_o order_a country_n and_o common_a weal_n it_o be_v not_o find_v that_o there_o be_v any_o that_o make_v only_a profession_n of_o civil_a law_n the_o athenian_n and_o lacedaemonian_n from_o who_o the_o law_n be_v bring_v unto_o rome_n never_o use_v any_o such_o neither_o the_o egyptian_n assyrian_n persian_n carthaginian_n macedonian_n parthian_n and_o other_o who_o seignory_n be_v mighty_a and_o well_o govern_v these_o man_n understand_v the_o right_n and_o custom_n which_o particular_a man_n use_v in_o the_o city_n and_o the_o style_n of_o plead_v they_o give_v counsel_n touch_v mean_a matter_n and_o show_v how_o cause_n be_v to_o be_v handle_v and_o process_n to_o besue_v out_o the_o manner_n of_o prosecute_a action_n of_o propose_v exception_n demand_v delay_n licence_n and_o default_n frame_v of_o complaint_n answer_n reply_n salvation_n advertisment_n of_o make_v inqueste_n and_o information_n judge_v definitive_o and_o execute_v of_o judgement_n who_o authority_n come_v to_o be_v so_o great_a at_o rome_n and_o throughout_o italy_n that_o there_o be_v make_v no_o testament_n obligation_n bargain_n transaction_n contract_n rescission_n or_o other_o deed_n of_o importance_n without_o communicate_v of_o it_o to_o they_o and_o they_o come_v not_o only_o to_o they_o about_o case_n concern_v the_o civil_a law_n but_o also_o for_o all_o affair_n and_o duty_n they_o give_v counsel_n to_o the_o emperor_n to_o the_o 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velite_n and_o as_o the_o arm_n be_v take_v of_o diverse_a nation_n so_o must_v also_o these_o band_n participate_v with_o the_o order_n of_o many_o sundry_a people_n the_o man_n of_o all_o these_o band_n be_v six_o thousand_o and_o seventie_o beside_o which_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v in_o every_o legion_n a_o general_n chief_a above_o the_o captain_n who_o they_o call_v a_o colonel_n have_v for_o his_o officer_n these_o which_o follow_v namely_o a_o marshal_n of_o the_o camp_n a_o sergeant_n maior_n a_o provost_n and_o under_o the_o provost_n some_o man_n of_o knowledge_n to_o assist_v he_o in_o his_o judgement_n and_o to_o counsel_v he_o concern_v matter_n of_o justice._n he_o must_v also_o have_v a_o muster_n master_n and_o some_o sergeant_n and_o clerk_n of_o band_n and_o a_o master_n of_o high_a justice_n or_o executioner_n moreover_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o the_o say_a colonel_n have_v one_o or_o two_o religious_a parson_n to_o say_v the_o divine_a service_n and_o to_o 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that_o be_v to_o say_v band_n and_o that_o every_o body_n have_v his_o ensign_n to_o guide_v those_o that_o be_v of_o the_o same_o body_n for_o in_o have_v it_o the_o camp_n have_v more_o arm_n and_o by_o consequent_a more_o life_n the_o soldier_n than_o ought_v to_o order_v themselves_o according_a to_o the_o ensign_n and_o the_o ensign_n according_a to_o the_o sound_n which_o be_v ordain_v as_o it_o ought_v command_v the_o whole_a legion_n which_o if_o it_o march_v in_o such_o sort_n that_o their_o place_n be_v correspondent_a to_o the_o beat_n of_o the_o drum_n will_v easy_o keep_v this_o ordinance_n and_o to_o these_o end_v the_o ancient_n have_v flute_n and_o fife_n and_o sound_v perfect_o agreeable_a for_o as_o he_o which_o dance_v according_a to_o the_o fall_v of_o the_o music_n do_v not_o err_v so_o also_o that_o battalion_n which_o march_v according_a to_o the_o sound_n of_o the_o drum_n can_v not_o fall_v in_o disarray_v and_o therefore_o when_o they_o be_v dispose_v to_o 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the_o sound_n all_o the_o sign_n and_o all_o the_o cry_n which_o be_v use_v to_o command_v in_o battle_n and_o that_o every_o one_o understand_v what_o they_o signify_v even_o as_o the_o mariner_n know_v what_o they_o be_v to_o do_v by_o the_o only_a whistle_n of_o the_o master_n wherein_o the_o soldier_n ought_v to_o be_v ready_a and_o instruct_v to_o obey_v present_o and_o to_o purpose_n to_o the_o beat_n of_o the_o drum_n whether_o it_o be_v to_o march_v forward_o or_o to_o stand_v still_o or_o to_o â—â—â—ireâ—_n or_o else_o to_o turn_v their_o face_n and_o arm_n to_o any_o part_n and_o to_o these_o end_n the_o colonel_n be_v to_o ordain_v that_o all_o his_o drum_n have_v the_o self_n same_o kind_n of_o beat_v and_o that_o they_o all_o use_v one_o and_o the_o same_o form_n of_o strike_v a_o alarm_n of_o shake_v proclamation_n of_o imbatayl_v themselves_o of_o go_v forward_o or_o backward_o of_o â—â—â—ing_v they_o on_o the_o one_o side_n or_o on_o other_o or_o for_o the_o retreit_n and_o in_o brief_a to_o signify_v all_o the_o other_o point_n which_o the_o voice_n of_o one_o alone_a can_v not_o make_v so_o well_o understand_v as_o do_v the_o sound_n of_o many_o drum_n which_o cause_n themselves_o to_o be_v hear_v in_o the_o great_a tumult_n and_o the_o thick_a throng_n the_o soldier_n also_o aught_o to_o be_v so_o attentive_a to_o harken_v what_o be_v say_v unto_o they_o or_o command_v that_o they_o nâ—uâ—â—_n fail_v the_o drum_n also_o ought_v to_o be_v ready_a to_o beat_v according_a to_o the_o sound_n of_o the_o colonel_n his_o trumpet_n by_o which_o they_o be_v direct_v in_o all_o their_o beat_n the_o colonel_n his_o trumpet_n must_v be_v expert_a in_o all_o kind_n of_o sounding_n and_o do_v they_o so_o loud_a and_o shrill_a that_o he_o make_v not_o one_o thing_n understand_v for_o another_o but_o know_v how_o to_o express_v as_o appertain_v the_o commandment_n of_o the_o colonel_n about_o who_o he_o ought_v always_o to_o be_v and_o never_o to_o forsake_v he_o the_o cause_n why_o trumpet_n be_v appoint_v for_o footman_n be_v because_o they_o be_v much_o better_o understand_v then_o the_o drum_n if_o there_o be_v a_o great_a tumult_n and_o that_o the_o sound_n must_v be_v vary_v for_o it_o be_v by_o the_o trumpet_n that_o they_o be_v govern_v who_o sound_n be_v high_a than_o be_v the_o beat_n of_o drum_n which_o the_o swisser_n who_o have_v be_v the_o inventour_n of_o drum_n have_v know_v and_o for_o these_o purpose_n have_v trumpet_n before_o their_o batalion_n by_o which_o the_o chief_n do_v signify_v what_o the_o battalion_n be_v to_o do_v and_o it_o be_v no_o long_a time_n since_o they_o use_v great_a cornet_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o artillery_n be_v conduct_v and_o guard_v by_o the_o footman_n we_o will_v speak_v thereof_o as_o far_o forth_o as_o concern_v the_o comparison_n of_o ancient_a thing_n with_o modern_a before_o we_o come_v to_o entreat_v of_o the_o horseman_n or_o man_n of_o arm_n the_o name_n of_o artillery_n be_v before_o that_o canonrie_n be_v know_v comprehend_v all_o engine_n of_o battery_n and_o defence_n which_o by_o excellency_n remain_v only_o to_o the_o canon_n all_o other_o ancient_a military_a instrument_n fail_v as_o balistes_n catapulte_n ram_n and_o all_o other_o diodorus_n the_o sicilian_a write_v of_o a_o engine_n of_o battery_n call_v helipolis_n which_o demetrius_n surname_v poliocritus_fw-la use_v against_o the_o town_n of_o salamis_n in_o cyprus_n this_o engine_n be_v lx._n cubit_n broad_a of_o all_o side_n and_o lxxx._n in_o height_n and_o therewith_o have_v nine_o stage_n separate_a the_o one_o from_o other_o with_o plank_n of_o wood_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o be_v all_o sustain_v with_o four_o great_a wheel_n of_o one_o cubite_fw-la in_o height_n he_o have_v moreover_o many_o engine_n call_v ram_n to_o batter_v the_o wall_n and_o to_o succour_v they_o two_o other_o mighty_a engine_n or_o fence_n of_o board_n cover_v with_o haircloth_n or_o with_o raw_a hide_n which_o serve_v against_o fire_n or_o stone_n under_o which_o they_o may_v safe_o assail_v the_o wall_n he_o place_v below_o and_o in_o the_o first_o story_n many_o engine_n to_o shoot_v great_a and_o heavy_a stone_n in_o the_o middle_a story_n there_o be_v other_o engine_n shoot_v long_o and_o sharp_a shot_n and_o in_o the_o high_a story_n other_o shoot_v light_a shot_n and_o small_a stone_n and_o every_o where_o be_v a_o sufficient_a number_n of_o man_n to_o handle_v and_o use_v those_o engine_n about_o two_o hundred_o in_o all_o polybius_n show_v the_o fashion_n of_o a_o other_o engine_n of_o war_n call_v sambucas_fw-la which_o the_o roman_n use_v against_o the_o city_n of_o syracuse_n &_o it_o be_v after_o this_o sort_n they_o have_v ready_a in_o their_o ship_n a_o ladder_n of_o four_o
mark_n varro_n be_v a_o friend_n to_o they_o both_o and_o a_o great_a philosopher_n and_o mathematician_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o chaldee_n by_o the_o cunning_a of_o astrological_a calculation_n cast_v the_o nativity_n of_o rome_n from_o the_o day_n wherein_o romulus_n first_o begin_v it_o which_o be_v the_o nine_o of_o april_n between_o two_o and_o three_o of_o the_o clock_n in_o a_o pastoral_a feast_n call_v palilia_n and_o rehearse_v her_o pass_a adventure_n foretell_v those_o that_o be_v to_o come_v the_o same_o varro_n a_o very_a learned_a man_n and_o one_o who_o read_v the_o roman_a history_n as_o much_o as_o any_o roman_a that_o ever_o be_v write_v that_o the_o continuance_n of_o rome_n be_v foresee_v and_o know_v by_o the_o twelve_o vulture_n which_o at_o the_o foundation_n thereof_o fly_v over_o romulus_n namely_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v of_o twelve_o hundred_o year_n every_o vulture_n signify_v a_o age_n or_o a_o hundred_o year_n and_o that_o in_o his_o time_n be_v have_v hear_v of_o one_o vectius_n augur_n that_o rome_n shall_v attain_v to_o twelve_o hundred_o year_n see_v it_o have_v escapeâ—_n one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o in_o which_o te_fw-mi 〈…〉_o it_o be_v take_v spoil_v and_o destroy_v many_o and_o sundry_a time_n the_o time_n of_o the_o continuance_n thereof_o be_v divide_v into_o age_n after_o the_o similitude_n of_o man_n life_n whereof_o the_o first_o which_o be_v call_v infancy_n or_o childhood_n weâ—_n under_o romulus_n who_o found_v it_o and_o bring_v it_o up_o the_o puerilitie_n or_o boytâ—ie_n under_o the_o other_o king_n who_o augment_v and_o instruct_v it_o in_o good_a manner_n custom_n law_n and_o discipline_n but_o be_v grow_v up_o under_o tarquin_n it_o will_v no_o long_o endure_v the_o yoâ—â—_n of_o subjection_n under_o proud_a domination_n and_o from_o that_o time_n forward_o choose_v rather_o to_o be_v obedient_a unto_o law_n then_o unto_o king_n then_o the_o stripling_n age_n be_v end_v in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o punic_a war_n and_o the_o strength_n more_o settle_v it_o enter_v into_o the_o age_n of_o manhood_n for_o have_v destroy_v carthage_n which_o of_o long_a time_n have_v be_v her_o enemy_n she_o stretch_v out_o her_o seignory_n by_o land_n and_o by_o sea_n into_o many_o country_n till_o such_o time_n as_o want_v matter_n of_o foreign_a war_n she_o abuse_v her_o strength_n employ_v it_o to_o her_o own_o destruction_n then_o be_v she_o first_o old_a age_n when_o be_v afflict_v with_o civil_a war_n and_o oppress_v with_o inward_a evil_n she_o fall_v again_o into_o a_o monarchy_n and_o come_v to_o another_o childhood_n or_o infancy_n and_o remain_v in_o vigour_n till_o the_o time_n of_o trajan_n of_o the_o antonines_n and_o of_o theodosius_n the_o first_o and_o then_o become_v age_v under_o honorius_n and_o arcadius_n and_o the_o 471._o year_n after_o that_o the_o monarchy_n have_v begin_v in_o augustus_n it_o finish_v in_o augustulus_n be_v utter_o lose_v in_o respect_n of_o italy_n a_o comparison_n of_o rome_n with_o babylon_n and_o constantinople_n to_o this_o purpose_n it_o be_v obserm_v that_o rome_n and_o babylon_n have_v almost_o a_o like_a beginning_n increase_n continuance_n and_o end_v such_o affair_n be_v dispose_v by_o the_o ineffable_a mystery_n and_o profound_a judgement_n of_o god_n and_o not_o happen_v casual_o or_o by_o human_a power_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o under_o a_o like_a disposition_n of_o time_n babylon_n fall_v and_o rome_n arise_v thone_n suffer_v the_o lordship_n of_o stranger_n and_o other_o despise_v that_o of_o her_o own_o citizen_n thone_n as_o it_o be_v die_v leave_v the_o heritage_n and_o the_o other_o grow_v acknowledge_v herself_o heir_n and_o then_o when_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o east_n die_v the_o empire_n of_o the_o west_n be_v bear_v and_o as_o babylon_n eleven_o hundred_o threescore_o and_o four_o year_n after_o it_o be_v build_v be_v by_o arbaces_n the_o median_a despoil_v of_o her_o kingdom_n and_o deprive_v of_o her_o king_n in_o like_a manner_n rome_n after_o she_o have_v as_o many_o year_n endure_v be_v assail_v and_o take_v by_o alaricus_n king_n of_o the_o goth_n after_o this_o manner_n be_v the_o beginning_n of_o babylon_n and_o rome_n alike_o their_o power_n alike_o their_o greatness_n alike_o their_o time_n alike_o their_o good_a and_o evil_a alike_o their_o downefal_v alike_o and_o alike_o their_o destruction_n we_o may_v say_v as_o much_o of_o constantinople_n the_o heir_n of_o they_o both_o which_o about_o xj_o hundred_o sixty_o and_o four_o year_n after_o it_o be_v build_v by_o constantine_n who_o call_v it_o new_a rome_n be_v take_v spoil_a and_o deprive_v of_o the_o greek_a empire_n and_o of_o her_o emperor_n by_o mahomâ—â—_n king_n of_o the_o turk_n wherein_o have_v be_v observe_v a_o singular_a i_o 〈…〉_o that_o as_o it_o be_v build_v by_o constantine_n the_o son_n of_o helen_n so_o it_o be_v also_o conquer_v by_o the_o turk_n under_o another_o constantine_n the_o son_n of_o helen_n a_o comparison_n of_o the_o roman_a common_a wealth_n with_o the_o lacedaemonian_a and_o carthaginian_a as_o a_o common_a wealth_n which_o be_v well_o ordain_v to_o endure_v a_o long_a time_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v single_a or_o of_o one_o kind_n only_o but_o must_v also_o have_v the_o virtue_n and_o property_n of_o other_o assemble_v in_o hit_n to_o the_o end_n that_o nothing_o therein_o be_v unduely_a or_o unproportionable_o increase_v which_o may_v make_v it_o to_o fall_v into_o the_o evil_a that_o be_v next_o it_o and_o consequent_o come_v to_o ruin_n for_o this_o cause_n lycurgus_n institute_v the_o lacedaemonian_a common_a wealth_n mingle_v therein_o a_o monarchy_n aristocratie_n &_o democraty_n so_o convenient_o that_o it_o remain_v almost_o seven_o year_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n retain_v still_o the_o integrity_n of_o his_o first_o institution_n in_o the_o which_o the_o king_n the_o ephori_fw-la and_o the_o senate_n have_v their_o preeminence_n and_o power_n in_o such_o sort_n intermingle_v and_o balance_v together_o that_o one_o can_v not_o well_o discern_v under_o what_o kind_n of_o government_n it_o be_v establish_v the_o carthaginian_a common_a wealth_n be_v thus_o ordain_v from_o the_o begin_n it_o have_v king_n &_o the_o aristocratieâ—e_a â—e_z power_n of_o senator_n and_o the_o commons_o have_v also_o their_o pre-eminence_n in_o thing_n appertain_v to_o they_o in_o such_o sort_n that_o as_o touch_v the_o assemble_v of_o the_o three_o estate_n it_o resemble_v the_o lacedaemonian_a also_o the_o roman_a have_v these_o three_o estate_n so_o equal_o and_o convenient_o temper_v that_o one_o can_v not_o say_v whether_o it_o be_v a_o entire_a aristocratie_n or_o a_o democraty_n or_o a_o monarchy_n consider_v the_o power_n of_o the_o consul_n one_o will_v have_v judge_v it_o monarchical_a and_o royal_a regard_v that_o of_o the_o senator_n aristocratical_a and_o respect_v that_o of_o the_o people_n democratical_a but_o the_o seignory_n be_v seize_v on_o by_o the_o emperor_n they_o first_o take_v from_o the_o people_n the_o authority_n of_o meddle_v in_o public_a affair_n and_o transport_v it_o to_o the_o senate_n then_o reduce_v that_o of_o the_o people_n and_o of_o the_o senate_n to_o their_o absolute_a power_n the_o lacedaemonian_a be_v sufficient_a only_o to_o conserve_v their_o own_o and_o to_o keep_v their_o liberty_n but_o insufficient_a to_o augment_v and_o to_o enlarge_v their_o empire_n wherein_o the_o roman_a be_v most_o excellent_a for_o the_o lacedaemonian_n assay_v to_o conquer_v the_o principality_n of_o greece_n they_o sodan_o put_v their_o liberty_n in_o danger_n where_o the_o roman_n after_o they_o have_v bring_v italy_n under_o their_o obedience_n subdue_v in_o a_o little_a time_n a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o world_n be_v abondant_o furnish_v with_o all_o preparation_n requisite_a for_o such_o a_o enterprise_n touch_v the_o carthanginian_a then_o when_o it_o begin_v to_o have_v war_n with_o the_o roman_a it_o be_v in_o decline_v and_o the_o roman_a in_o his_o vigour_n see_v that_o all_o common_a weal_n have_v a_o certain_a augmentation_n and_o vigour_n and_o afterwards_o a_o diminution_n for_o rome_n flourish_v then_o especial_o in_o order_n of_o government_n the_o people_n in_o carthage_n have_v usurp_v to_o much_o authority_n in_o the_o counsel_n at_o rome_n the_o senate_n conduct_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o affair_n which_o prosper_v the_o more_o for_o be_v govern_v by_o the_o wise_a and_o by_o such_o conduct_n they_o final_o overcome_v the_o carthaginian_n beside_o that_o the_o italian_n be_v of_o a_o more_o excellent_a nature_n than_o the_o lybian_o both_o in_o shape_n of_o body_n and_o in_o hardiness_n of_o courage_n and_o that_o the_o roman_n be_v serve_v by_o their_o own_o nation_n which_o be_v teach_v to_o war_n with_o the_o best_a discipline_n in_o the_o world_n the_o carthaginian_n use_v none_o but_o stranger_n and_o mercenary_n put_v all_o