of this Liquor into his Nostrils five or six times every day These Injections will cure the little Ulcers in his Nostrils that are caus'd by the sharpness and malignity of the Matter and facilitate the descent of the Humour which is apt to stick and grow dry in the Passages and stop the Horse's Breath and therefore you must Syringe his Nostrils both before and after you give him a Medicine to expel the Matter Afterwards take four Spoonfuls of strong Vinegar and as much good Aqua Vitae dissolve in 'em a Dram of Treacle above two Years Old and add a Scruple of White-Hellebor in Powder and two grains of Powder of Long Pepper Mix 'em all together and inject the mixture into the Horse's Nose one half into each Nostril then walk him in his Cloaths at a foot-pace for the space of an hour suffering him to snuff the Ground with his Nose and he will infallibly cast forth abundance of Matter Nor must you be surpriz'd if he lose his Appetite for he will quickly recover it If any noble part be affected he will die in a little time but if he live beyond that time there is some hope of his Recovery Let him stand Bridl'd four hours before you give him this Remedy and two hours after and besides you must walk him abroad Morning and Evening for the space of an hour But tho the Horse have strength to undergo this Evacuation and tho' none of his noble Parts be consum'd I cannot positively assure you that he will be cur'd of the Glanders if there be a great Ulcer only he will not die so quickly Eight days after if the Running at the Nose still continue repeat the use of the above-mention'd Remedy and endeavour to ripen the Kernel or Gland by applying Retoires or Medicines to break the Skin and convenient Plaisters or Fultisses such as the Ointment in the Thirteenth Chapter or take it off with an actual or potential Câ—â—tery The actual Cautery is a red hot Iron which must be apply'd to the Kernel and the potential Cautery is that which is commonly callâ—d a Caustic Stone which insensibly burns the part and makes a Scab fall off Instead of the potential Cautery you may open the Kernel to the middle with a Lance and after it has done Bleeding thrust the quantity of a Bean of Arsenic wrap'd in a piece of Paper to the bottom of the Hole which must be stop'd with Cotton About the fifth or sixth day the Matter will begin to come out and after the ninth or tenth a Scab will fall off resembling the Kernel of a Nut. If there remain any Impurity or foul Flesh keep the hole open as long as you can with the Ointment Algyptiacum mix'd with red Frâ—â—cipitate If with all these Remedies you cannot ripen the Kernel you must endeavour to dissolve it by applying powerful Resolvents such as Vinegar strong Lyes Ashes of Vineâ—â—igs Allum Nitre Oil of Peter Euphorbium and other Medicines that have an attenuating Faculty and are endu'd with a vertue to make the Matter thin volatil and easie to be dissipated The Ointment Dialthaeâ—e the Resumptive Ointment and Melilot Plaister are good to soâ—â—en and resolve And you may make a Pultiss of the Roots of Briony and Flower-de-luce Honey and the Dregs of Linseed Oyl I have propos'd all these Resolving Medicines for the satisfaction and instruction of the Curious but if the Kernel be very hard and fasten'd to the Jaw-bone it will hardly yield to these Remedies For besides the inconveniency of the part for the application of Medicines they are not always attended with the expected Success The best way then in my Opinion is to soften the Kernel and to apply either a red-hot Iron or potential Cautery made of Arsenic Sublimate or some other Caustic Tho' the usual softening Remedies are not very efrectual yet there are some more proper in this case than others and you may confidently use that which follows for in the beginning it may resolve the Kernel before it grow to an extream hardness I have try'd it and found it effectual CHAP. XX. How to resolve a Gland or Kernel TAke half a Pound of Lin-seed reduc'd to fine Flower mix it with a Quart of strong Vinegar and boil it over a little but very clear Fire stirring it constantly When it begins to grow thick add six Ounces of Oil of Lillies mingle 'em thorowly and apply the Mixture hot to the Kernel and cover it with a Lamb's-Skin as in the cure of the Strangles Renew the same Pultiss every day and after two or three Applications you will perceive that the Kernel is dissolv'd The same Remedy is proper for the Strangles whether true or false and 't is an ill sign when it does not succeed in the Glanders When you undertake the Cure of a Horse that is seiz'd with the Glanders the Remedies here prescrib'd together with such as are given inwardly ought either to resolve part of the Kernel or bring it to Suppuration and then you may conclude that the Remedy works well and assaults the cause of the Disease since the Gland is lessen'd and becomes more moveable and whereas it was hard and large before is now either little soft or loose for 't is a very good sign when the Remedies that are usâ—d produce any one of these Effects But you must not flatter your self with hopes of Success tho' as it happens not unfrequently the Kernel should be considerably diminish'd during the Wane of the Moon and even without the application of any Remedies for in the next Encrease of the Moon it will grow as bad as ever and even sometimes harder and more fix'd than it was before And therefore when you see it decrease in the Wane of the Moon you must let the next New-Moon be past before you adventure to give any hope of a Cure The cure of this Disease is usually begun where it ought to be ended for as soon as a Horse is seiz'd with it the first thing his Master desires and the Farrier proposes to be done in order to the Cure is to take off the Kernel but they ought to consider that the Kernel is the Effect not the Cause of the Glanders and that the removal of that can never restore the Horse to his wonted Health And Experience as well as Reason has couvinc'd me of the preposterousness of this Method for I caus'd the Kernel to be thrice cut out of the same Horse and after all could not perfect the Cure tho' I gave him several good Remedies besides But when 't is convenient to take out the Kernel you must observe the following Directions In the first place you must cast the Horse and having open'd the Skin that covers the Kernel tye two threads to it to keep the Wounds open during the Operation Then without any Instrument take hold of the Kernel with your Thumb and separate it from the Bone for the cutting of any of the Veins that
the Sponge being swell'd by its Heat and Moisture presses and keeps down the Flesh If the Hole be of a sufficient wideness you may use Tents of Hog's-Lard which cleanse the Part and heal the Wound without bruising the Flesh but the usual Tents if they be not very carefully and exactly made up retard the Cure instead of promoting it 'T is a very important tho' little observ'd Rule That the Operation of external Remedies should be assisted by a regular Administration of inward Medicines Some commend Purgation for the Cure of great Wounds which in my Opinion is a very preposterous Method for it produces a quite contrary effect to the design of the Prescriber by occasioning a Defluxion of Humours upon the Part that are only loosen'd and put in Motion but not evacuated by the Medicine CHAP. CIV Cinnabar Pills for Wounds Worms Mange and Farcin and for the shedding of the Hair from the Head and Neck TAke of the finest and cleanest Assa-foetida Bay-berries of Provence or Italy and Cinnabar all in fine Powder of each a Pound incorporate 'em in a Brass-Mortar with a sufficient quantity of strong Aqua-vitae and make up the Mass into Pills weighing fourteen Drams each which must be laid in a convenient place to dry Give two of these Pills to the Wounded Horse once in two Days or once every Day till he has taken eight or ten according to the greatness of the Wound and that he may swallow 'em the more easily you may give 'em in a Pint or three half Pints of Wine making him stand Bridl'd two Hours before and as long after the taking of every Dose These Pills may be kept twenty Years They promote the Cure of a Wound by purifying the Blood and resisting Corruption They contribute also to the Cure of Gauls and the Farcin and drive Worms out of the Body This Remedy is highly useful in an Army where the Wounds of Horses must be cur'd with all Expedition and it may be truly said that the effects of it are wonderful and almost incredible Sometimes the Hair falls away from the Head and Neck by reason of the excessive heat of the inward Parts The usual Remedy in this case is Bleeding but since that alone is not sufficient it will be very convenient both to administer a Dose of these Pills for three Days together and to rub the bare places twice a Day with good Lime-Water If the Disease continue still repeat the whole process and afterwards give your Horse Flower of Brimstone in moisten'd Bran beginning with a small quantity and augmenting the Dose by degrees till it arise to half a handful every Day during which time you may ride your Horse For the Cure of those eating Scabs that are so troublesome and hard to be rooted out of the Mane and Tail after you have Bled and Purg'd your Horse give him three or four Doses of two Pills each and the external Application of Lime-Water will quickly perform the remaining part of the Cure if not you must reiterate the whole course The same Pills may be profitably Administer'd to Horses that are troubl'd with running Sores in their Legs or the Pains Warts or Bunches Quitter-bones and such like stubborn Distempers for they facilitate the Cure by intercepting and diverting the Humour that causes and foments the Disease After the description of those Pills which are of such excellent use in the Cure of Wounds I could not forbear subjoining a brief Account of their other Virtues and I hope this digression will neither be useless nor unwelcome to those Readers who are willing to be Instructed And to satisfie those Critical Gentlemen who may peruse this Book with a design rather to pick Quarrels with the Author than to improve their Knowledge I am willing to own that the end of this Chapter had perhaps been a more proper place for the description of these Pills than the beginning of it but withal I must beg leave to acquaint 'em that I am not so much in love with Formality as to give my self the trouble of making an alteration of so little Importance Since Tents are necessary in the Cure of all sorts of Wounds and those that are made of Hog's-Lard are very convenient for most of 'em it will not be improper to give a short hint of their Preparation and Use Cut the Lard into long Pieces and put one of 'em into the Wound when you draw it out again you will find it half melted and must suffer it to cool that it may recover its usual firmness and consistency after which put it in again if it be not grown too short If the Wound be foul or the Flesh corrupt it must be wash'd with the Yellow-Water at every Dressing but if you perceive that neither that nor any other of the usual Detergents are sufficient to cleanse the Wound or if it be pester'd with Proud-Flesh add an Ounce of Arsenic in fine Powder to the whole Dose of the Lime-Water that shall be describ'd in the following Chapter And if even that be too weak you must burn the whole Wound with a red-hot Plate of Iron for if you take care not to touch the Skin Tendons and Sinews there will not the least mark of Burning appear after the Cure As soon as you have given the Fire anoint the burnt Part with Oil of Bay covering the whole Wound if possible with Flax and continue the use of the Oil which must be apply'd warm till the Scab or Escar be loosen'd and ready to fall off after which 't will be more convenient to anoint the Part with Basilicum or Tallow till the Scab be quite separated and you will find the Skin fair underneath without the least mark of Burning for this Method of giving the Fire excels the best Applications of Powders and Ointments The common Detergent and cleansing Remedies are in my Opinion too weak for Horses They are usually compos'd of Honey Vinegar Bean-flower Barley-flower the Juices of Plantane and Agrimony Flower-de-luce Roots Turpentine Rosin c. These Medicines are only Medicamenta levioris Armaturae with respect to the Wounds of which I 'm treating But Unguentum Apostolorum Aegyptiacum and the Neat-herds Ointment are very proper in this case We must not play with Horses Wounds nor vainly expect to Cure 'em with such feeble Remedies as the Golden Ointment the Plaister de gratia Dei and Betony-Plaister for 't is certain that Salt-Butter is more effectual for keeping Wounds clean than all those Compositions And therefore the surest Method is to wash the Wound with Urine or the Yellow-Water and afterwards to anoint it with Salt-Butter strewing the Powder of Old-Ropes upon it And to apply Aegyptiacum if there be a great deal of corrupt Flesh The Pain occasion'd by the Application of Aegyptiacum ought not to be made an Argument against the use of it since 't was never observ'd that any Horse pin'd away on that occasion And to give the Reader a
this Distemper for the Farcin and put themselves to needless Trouble and Charge for the Cure of it 'T is occasion'd by a Redundancy of Blood over-heated by several Accidents and other Causes already mention'd For the thinnest and most subtil part of the Blood penetrating the Substance of the Flesh causes external Tumours resembling the Farcin And long Rest and want of Exercise are usually the occasional Causes of this Distemper by hindering the Dissipation of superfluous Humours You may easily cure this Distemper by Bleeding your Horse plentifully once or twice in the Neck-Veins These Tumours are distinguish'd from the Farcin both by the suddenness of their Appearance and of the Cure for sometimes they overspread the Body in one Night And besides they are neither hard nor fasten'd to the Flesh These Swellings are oftentimes repell'd and driven inwards by unseasonable Bleeding and the Horse is seiz'd with a Fever in which Case you must immediately give him a Clyster and an Hour after an Ounce or two of Treacle or Diatessaron in Wine which by driving out the Humour will give Ease to the Horse and at last cure him Some Horses are troubl'd from time to time with little Knots or Bunches in several parts of their Body occasion'd by the Boiling or rather excessive Heat of their Blood for the most subtle and choleric Particles being driven outwards to the external Parts of the Body form these little Tumours part of which break and disappear and the rest are dissolv'd by insensible Transpiration The general and most effectual way to cure all these Ebullitions is to mix with your Horse's Bread those Remedies that are endu'd with a Virtue to cool and purifie the Blood Thus Liver of Antimony given to the quantity of an Ounce and a half every Day will safely and quickly dissolve all those Knots and sweeten your Horse's Blood Three or four Doses of the Cinnabar-Pills are also very effectual in this Case You may prevent this Distemper by giving your Horse Sal Prunellae in his Bran which will expel those Bilious Serosities that usually cause these Symptoms and perhaps drive 'em out by the Urinary Passages The same Remedy allays the Heat of the Blood and Intrails and prevents the Farcin and other Distempers occasion'd by the Heat of the Blood For the Satisfaction of the Curious I shall insert the Preparation of Sal Prunellae which is a very useful Medicine both for Men and Horses CHAP. CL. Crystal Mineral or Sal Prunellae THis is only Nitre or Salt-Petre fix'd with Sulphur to prevent its Solution Take Salt-Petre of the fourth Solution melt it in a Crucible or Iron Pot and when you perceive that 't is entirely reduc'd to a liquid Form throw a little Brimstone upon it Assoon as the Flame ceases cast some more Brimstone into the Crucible continuing after the same manner till you have thrown in an Ounce of Flower of Brimstone for every Pound of Salt-Petre which must be kept in Fusion during the whole Operation Then take out the Salt-Petre with an Iron Spoon and put it into a little Copper Bason which being plac'd in a Pailful of cold Water the Mineral will congeal at the Bottom and appear as white as Snow An Iron Pot is more fit for this Operation than Crucibles which are usually pierc'd and crack'd with the Salt-Petre unless you can procure a good German Crucible For the better understanding of a Passage in the Beginning of the preceding Description it will not be amiss to acquaint the Reader that Salt-Petre is found congeal'd into Chrystals in the Water which is pour'd for that purpose on Lime and Plaister taken from the Ruines of old Buildings and mixt with Ashes This Water is afterwards boil'd till a Scum appear on the Top and then set in a cold place in Woodden Vessels where Chrystals of a long Figure and rusty Colour are form'd which is Salt-Petre of the first Solution Then dissolve these Chrystals in clean Water strain it thro' a Woollen Cloth boil it as before and when 't is cold the Salt-Petre of the second Solution will appear in Chrystals which are proper for the making of Gun-Powder Liver of Antimony and several other Preparations For if the Nitre were too fine and violent it wou'd carry off part of the Antimony that is mixt with it If you wou'd have your Salt-Petre more pure and refin'd dissolve it in Water filtrate boil and chrystallize as before to procure Salt-Petre of the third Solution repeating the same Operation as often as you think fit for if the Salt-Petre be not very pure 't is impossible to make fine Sal Prunellae Crystal Mineral is not only fix'd by the Sulphur but purg'd of those Arsenical Spirits of which it was full so that 't is entirely freed of all Sharpness and Malignity It purifies and cools the Blood and Intrails allays and stops the Ebullition of the Humours in Fevers powerfully opens all Obstructions opens and incides the Body of Medicines that their Virtues may be the better extracted and in one Word 't is a very cooling Remedy without Acrimony or Biting You may give an Ounce and a half of it every Day in moisten'd Bran mixt with half an Ounce of Juniper-Berries beaten or dissolve three or four Ounces of it in a Pailful of Water for your Horse's ordinary Drink and it may be also conveniently mix'd with purging Medicines Every Author extols the Virtues of this Remedy but I have only insisted on its Usefulness for Horses So Cooling a Medicine ought to be cautiously administer'd to Horses whose Constitution is different from that of Men And therefore when you give it in moisten'd Bran 't will be convenient to add half an Ounce of Juniper-Berries beaten to qualifie and correct the extreme Coldness of the Remedy which notwithstanding its great Usefulness in other Respects oftentimes destroys the Horse's Appetite and makes his Hair stare But some Horses have the Advantage of such strong Appetites that the Use of this Medicine tho' administer'd alone produces not the least ill Effect upon their Stomachs And I have made some Horses eat three or four Pounds of it without disordering their Stomachs or making 'em forsake their Meat CHAP. CLI Of the Shedding of the Hair from the Head accompany'd with the Mange And of the Falling of the Hair from the rest of the Body especially about the Neck and hinder part of the Thighs THE Heat that occasions these Disorders is not always an Effect of Distempers in the Intrails but sometimes proceeds from a Corruption of the Humours and is the more dangerous because it may degenerate into a Fever The remote Causes of this Heat are immoderate and violent Exercise too hot Nourishment such as Clover Beans c. Fatness of the Body and a hot or choleric Constitution The Signs are evident for the Hair sheds and falls off from several parts of the Body the Horse is tormented with a violent Itching and several other Symptoms are visible Marks
and at last the Horse sinks under the violence of the Distemper The same Disorders may be also occasion'd by the first sort of Foundering if they be not prevented by timely Remedies So that it may be truly said that both kinds are very dangerous and if they be accompany'd with a Fever and melting of the Grease for the most part fatal There is a third sort of Foundering which usually seizes on Horses in the Army by reason of their eating green Corn but it may be easily cur'd in twenty four Hours and is oftentimes remov'd by Bleeding or some trivial Remedy Foundering in the Body is very frequently accompany'd with Melting of the Grease in which case the Horse is seldom or never free from a Fever This Complication of Distempers which Farriers call Chest-Foundering is almost always fatal When after violent Exercise and plentiful Sweating Horses are suffer'd to cool of a sudden either by the coldness of the Place or Season or for want of walking them after Riding they are almost always Founder'd and since the Legs are more violently exercis'd than any other part of the Body they are also more furiously attack'd by the Distemper and expos'd to the Defluxion of the Humours To prevent these Disorders you must walk your Horse gently for some time after long and violent Galloping and even after any hard Labour that the Humours which are fall'n upon the Legs already weaken'd by Riding may be dissipated before they be condens'd into a Liquor and that into a sort of Jelly which is the true cause of Foundering It will not appear strange to those who consider the danger of a sudden alteration or remove from extream Heat to excessive Cold that Horses usually become Founder'd when they are Water'd and ridden up to the Belly in cold Water immediately after violent Exercise A Horse that has been already Founder'd and has acquir'd an infirm habit of Body may relapse into the same Distemper if he be suffer'd to remain too long in the Stable and eat too much Oats and even after violent Exercises which wou'd not have produc'd any ill effect if he had never been Founder'd before Those who by reason of some Distemper in one of their Fore-Feet are forc'd to lay the weight of their Body upon the other are obnoxious to this Distemper in the Stable which is almost always occasion'd by too great a quantity of Nourishment For the Crudities that are generated by the redundancy of Food occasion a preternatural Heat and the Ebullition or Fermentation occasion'd by the Heat rarefies the most subtle Humours into Vapours which are afterwards condens'd to Water as I intimated before A Horse is very apt to be Founder'd if he be ridden while his Feet are Sore or his Legs stiff And the Cure of this kind of Foundering is extreamly difficult by reason of the Defluxion aâ—ready fall'n upon the Lame Foot I cou'd never comprehend the reason of their Opinion who pretend that a Horse may be Founder'd by riding him thro' a River or Pond when he is very Thirsty without suffering him to Drink For in very hot Weather if you suffer your Horse to Drink in the Evening after violent Sweating while his Body is still hot he may be easily Founder'd whereas if you had hinder'd him from Drinking the Danger wou'd have been certainly prevented Sometimes after a great Heat the Sinews are stiffen'd by cold without any Defluxion of Humours upon ' em This Infirmity differs from Foundering it seizes for the most part only in the Fore-Legs and is easily Cur'd The most dangerous kind of Foundering is that which is accompany'd with a Fever in which case the first and main scope of the Cure must be to remove the most urgent Symptom that is the Foundering For tho' the Fever is very dangerous and may kill the Horse 't is purely accidental and disappears as soon as its Cause is taken away When the Foundering falls upon the Feet the Cronet swells and is separated from the Hoof and therefore as soon as you perceive those Signs make several Incisions lengthwise along the Cronet with a sharp Lancet piercing the Skin to open a passage to the Humour which will come forth in form of a Reddish Water After the voiding of these Scrosities apply a Restringent Charge made of Bole-Armenic Vinegar and Whites of Eggs or unslack'd Lime set in a convenient place till it crumble into Powder and reduce it to a Paste or Dough with the Second Water and Spirit of Wine which is the most excellent Astringent that can be prescrib'd Then dress the Sores with Vinegar and Salt For if that Caution be neglected the sharp and malignant Humour which is of an acid and penetrating Nature like Aqua-Fortis will certainly loos'n the Hoof and make it fall off by the acrimony of the corrosive Salt of which 't is full and oftentimes it separates the Bone of the Foot from the Coffin-Bone about the Toe for the Bone of the Foot being dry'd by that corrosive Acid and afterwards relax'd that part which is depriv'd of Nourishment must necessarily fall away You must not take out the Sole till the dry and sapless part of the Bone of the Foot be ready to fall that is till it burst the Sole In the mean time the Hoof is dry'd spoil'd and full of Circles and the Horse becomes unfit for Service since he cannot Travel without excessive Pain The Humour flows chiefly to the Toe which usually suffers most by these Disorders and therefore the Horse treads on his Heels after he is cur'd of the Foundering WHen you perceive that the Foundering is fall'n upon the Feet and that the Bone of the Foot presses the Sole you must delay the taking out of the Sole as long as you can endeavouring to preserve it that it may contain the Bone of the Foot in its proper place you must not open the Heel but rub the Hoof near the Cronet with a quarter of an Onion every Day till the Juice penetrate the Hoof. But in the general as soon as the Foundering falls upon the Feet and the Bone of the Foot appears to be dry'd and to press the Sole you may reckon your Horse entirely lost and unfit for all manner of Service unless for labouring on soft Ground You will find a Remedy at the end of this Chapter to prevent these fatal Disorders and to remove the remaining Pains in the Foot that hinder the Horse from walking boldly and easily after the Cure of the Foundering The taking up of the Pastern-Veins as soon as the Disease falls upon the Foot may produce a very good effect but the Operation must be perform'd before the Bone of Foot appears visibly to press the Sole I think my self oblig'd to give you an Advice upon this occasion which perhaps few Persons will esteem it their Interest to follow Whoever is Master of a Horse of no very considerable value that has been once Founder'd in his Feet tho' the
Exact and Correct than heretofore In many parts I have taken away whole Remedies which appeared to me not so good as those I have put in their places and I have cleared the most part of the Pages of those trouble some Characters such as Crocheâ—s Stars and Little Hands that marked the Additions made from time to time and which composed a Bizarre and fantastical body of Work more proper to distract and confound the Reader than render him attentive and instruct him I had left in my former Editions out of an indulgent Humor and in behalf of many Farriers and some opiniative Humours certain Remedies or rather certain Old Rotes and Practices which a long custom had so Authorised that I scarcely believed I could wholly destroy them at present I banish this Tolleration and although I put my self in hazard of exciteing against me this Croud of People infatuated with their false Opinions yet I declare that I am absolutely against these Old and despicable Routines and pretend after having first rejected them to substitute in their places wholsome Remedies for example amongst the different Remedies which I had given for Foundering in the feet I had slipt in that bad Custom of Gartering for Reasons I shall explain in the Chapter Treating of that Infirmity If I had omitted that Routine People would either have accused me of singularity or that I had been ignorant of a practice which had been by time beyond the compass of Memorie rooted and established among the Farriers Now I quit that Circumspection and intend to prove that the use of Garters is to be abolished and that if they are not altogether unprofitable yet they generally do more prejudice than good This I shall make clearly appear to such who are endued but with a moderate portion of Reason and good sense It is the same with what they commonly practise upon a Horse that is strained in the Shoulder or Haunch for several Farriers prepossest with the old Routine cause the Horse if the strain be in the Shoulder Nager à Sec as the French call it which is nothing else but the tying up of the sound Leg with a peice of small Rope to his fore thigh that so he may not set it to the ground and then they constrain him to walk upon his three Legs You shall have the Reason why they do this in its proper place and if it be in the Haunch then they make him draw in the Harrows which is nothing else but to redouble the pain in a part already very much afflicted and it is the same as if a man who hath strained his Knee or Thigh should go Cripple and walk upon it But in this occasion they don't rest there for having forced the horse either to walk thus upon three Legs or to draw in the Harrows they at the very same time blood him in the Plat Veins or flat of the Thighs which is a manifest Counter-time and very great imprudence because the horse's whole Blood being agitated by the violent motion of going upon three Legs c. there evacuats none but that which is purest and most filled with Animal Spirits So that nature remains weakned and far less capable to Re establish the Shoulder or Thigh which they intend to Cure Besides that to take Blood in such an occasion from the Plat-Vein is but to draw down the Humor upon the part afflicted whereas by a more judicious practice they might make a Revulsion and divert it by Blooding in the Neck Don't they fall again into another Mistake against Good Practice and Custom when they suspect a Horse of having the Glaunders because he hath Kernels and casteth at the Nose for then they begin by removing the Kernels as if they were the Cause of the Glanders whereas they are only its Effects and a Horse is no less Glander'd for having the Kernels taken away also a Horse which casteth at the Nose may be perhaps but Colded although he appear to have the Glanders But their abuse goes yet further because when they observe that a Horse Casts after the Kernels are removed they then give him some Cordials after their own fashion which neither Cure the Horse nor so much as prevent his Casting so that for last refuge they Purge and Repurge him which is a great abuse and the true and ready way to render the Disease incureable it being most certain that Purging in such a case produces a bad effect because it disorders and confounds nature by forceing her to take another way to discharge her self than that she would have chosen of her own accord They would prevent such accidents as these if they were capable of a little Speculation but it is not for them this Axiom is made Medicus est inspector naturae for in fine a man should always accomodate himself to Nature and cross and oppose her as little as possible I could play the Critick longer and could recite a great many more examples but I refer the Reader to the First * In this Translation the Second part of this work which will instruct him in every thing relating to the Knowledge of Horses and assist him to make Judicious Reflections upon the Cause and Signs of their Diseases he will find them there Defined with so great care and exactness that he will scarcely receive more exact Ideas of them any where else and if he will but join to them a little Practice and apply himself to the Composition and Application of the Remedies he will be in no danger of being ensnared by the Mischievous and pitiful Routines of some of our common Farriers and of another Set of People who are no less to be feared I mean certain Half knowing Men who having but Superficial Notions of what I shall explain fancie to amuse the World with a great Fracas of words but shamefully hold their peace when People require their Effects I tell my Opinion with a great deal of freedom but yet with more Ingenuity and Candor and all know that my Words and Actions are free from any mean By end and that I have no other motive herein but after a Generous way to oblige the Publick and particularly those who delight in Horses I conclude by saying that a Man may also receive some happy Impressions relating to this Subject and some others fit for frameing the Spirit of a Young Gentleman by Reading a Book entituled in French Les Arts De l'homme d'epée published by G. Guillet wherein is found amongst other things the Facility of Dictionaries for the Terms and Definitions of each Subject are there set down in an Alphabetical order Many people have found so much good by it already that I fancie the Publick will be in some measure beholden to me for recommending it AN ALPHABETICAL CATALOGUE Of All the Simples and Drugs mentioned in this Work Together with their French and Latin Appellations in the first Column is contained the English in the Second the
is of greatest importance and use in any Horse for people buy Horses only to Ride or Travell upon that is the end for which they will have them any other design being only so many means the better to arrive at and obtain that end but before you cause walk any Horse you must observe if when he is standing still he be right planted upon his Limbs because upon the right or wrong Camping of a Horse when he is standing still doth depend notwholly but in a great part his good or bad going and carriage Now the natural situation of the Legs should be larger or wider above than below that is to say the distance which is betwixt the one foot and the other should be less than that between the one of the fore thighs and the other upon the inside and at that part of them which is next to the shoulders the knees should not incline too much to other or be too close one upon the other but the whole Leg should descend in a streight line to the very Pastern joynt the feet being placed upon the ground should be turned neither out nor in but the Toe pointing directly forewards being situate or camped after this manner he will be very well plauted on his Legs and all this may be observed when he is at rest and standing in the Stable As for the Hind-hand his jarrets or hams should not be too closs together and if they are then he will be crooked or bowed called in French un Cheval crochu but according to the term the Horse Coursers give it they say that such a Horse is only a little too much closed behind the hind-leg or rather that part called the instep which is betwixt the Hock and Pastern joynt should stand perpendicular to the ground if it stand foreward or as it were under his Belly the situation of it is bad but if it stand stopping a little backwards from the perpendicular line and be so situate as when a Horse is going to stale or piss it is no bad stance but then commonly such Horses have too long Haunches which is a deffect for the manage because it is with a great dale of difficulty that they can assemble themselves and goe upon their Haunches but they have for the most part always a good walk or Raik although the fore parts be the sooner spoilt and ruined by it upon the contrary again those Horses whose Haunches Hams and In steps are altogether streight that is whose hind legs towards the feet fall not far enough back when standing still I say such Horses can but with difficulty raik or walk well moreover if the hind Pastern joynt be so placed either to one side or forewards as if it were dislocate such situations are nought he should likewise plant his hind feet fla upon the ground and not rest only upon his Toes as those Horses which are called in French Chevaux Ramptins you must also observe if he turn the toes of his hind feeâ— much outwards which is a very considerable imperfection in respect that in great descents such Horses have almost no strength in their Haunches and if they be designed for the Coach it will not be possible for them to keep her back when upon any considerable descent but that you may be the more sure of this cause the Horse which situates himself after that manner to go or be put back with ones hand and if in going back he keep the toâ—â— of his hind feet turned outwards then is it with difficulty that he goeth back which is a sign that he will be for no great service and the more that he turneth out his hind toâ—â— the more reason will you have to conclude that he is a bad Horse whatever other qualifications he may have This much of the situation in which a Horse should most commonly place himself when standing still let us now prosecute the rest and observe his step or walk you must then cause step him forewards to know if he be not lame for if he be it will be to no purpose to examine him further few People buying Horses which are nottarly known to be lame You must cause ride the Horse at a foot pace that you may have the more time not only to consider if he walk well but also if his Legs perform the actions which they ought now for a Horse to walk well his steps should be quick that is he should not make in his walk slow and debile motions with his Legs but should move them quickly and make two times with them in the space that many Horses mark but one thus he will walk more commodiously fatigue himself less and his rider will be more eased and comforted by it After having made this general view you are to observe that for a Horse to go well he should have the Raising or lifting up of his Leg the Stay or keeping of it up and the Tread or setting of it down all good these are called in French Le Lever ou hausser le Soûtieu et L'appuy now because this is a kind of Language not understood by every Person I shall explain each term by it self as followeth The Lever raising or lifting up of a Horses Legs when he is walking will be good if he perform it hardily and with ease not crossing his Legs the one over the other nor carrying his feet either too much out or in and that he also bend his knees as much as is needfull this is for the Lever or raising of his Legs The Soûtien stay or keeping of them up is good when after that his legs are raised he keepeth them up so long as he ought the rest of his body and head remaining in a good posture a man may know when a Horse hath not the stay or keeping up of his leg good when he perceives him set it down suddenly to give ease to his other leg in which he is perhaps either pained or hath a weakness some Horses also appear as if their noses were always a going to the ground and of these it may be very justly said that the stay or keeping up of their Legs in the Air is nought and that their legs are weak and pained this much of the Soûtien or stay of a Horses Legs in the Air which is the Second thing to be considered in a Horses going In the third and last place you are to consider the Appuy or setting down of the Legs or rather feet upon the ground commonly called the Tread which to be good should be firm vigorous and streight and without resting upon one side of the foot more than upon the other or setting down the toe or heel the one before the other but that both be done at one and the same time and when the foot is placed upon the ground that it be turned neither out nor in but perfectly streight that the Pastern also be neither too much plyed nor too stiff or streight
the grass I would also judge it very proper to give them half an ounce of good sweâ— Sublimate in powder in a pound of Fresh Butter with two ounces of the Cordâ—â— powder being all well wrought together and made into Balls which you are to cause him swallow with an English quart of Claret Wine and which will drive away and kill all the Worms which the green Barley or grass do many times breed and learn behind them if you cannot conveniently get sweet Sublimate or that it be veâ— dear then give hiâ— in a pound of Butter four ownces of Cinnabar or Vermilion 〈◊〉 fine powder with the foresaid two ounces of the Cordial powder mixed all well altogether and formed into Balls which you are also to cause him swallow with the abovementioned quantity of Wine and this will give Chace to and destroy all the Vermine which he can possibly have in his body CHAP. LIII A continuation of the Method for recovering Horses which are harassed and lean after a long journey THE most part of Horses which are Fatigued or over-rid CHAP LIII A continuation of the method for recovering horses which are harassed and lean and made leâ— by it have their Flanks altered without being Purly particulary Vigoâ—â—â— horses which have wrought too violently but above all the Cravates are 〈◊〉 Subject to it there is no better method to recover them than to give them in the morning half a pound of honey very well mixed amongst some scalded Bran 〈◊〉 when they shall eat well the half pound give them the next time a whole one 〈◊〉 then afterwards two pounds every day continuing it until by long eating of it yâ—â— find that your horses emptie and purge well with it when you preceive that the no longer purge then forbear to give them any more honey but not sooner or you have not a mind to give them honey then give them amongst their scaldâ— Bran the pouder of Liquorish for a confiderable time you may also during this the give them Three or Four Glysters to cool their Blood and evacuate the 〈◊〉 humours which are contained in their intestines and which will also give tâ—â—ane apetite If their Flanks don't recover then give them to eat of a powder for Pursy horâ—s described in the 65. Chap. of the 2d part Sect. 8. all horses are not to be put upâ—â— the Slavering-bit alike therefore you are to Suffer those which are lean to 〈◊〉 longer than the rest and when they forbear eating then you are to put thâ—â— upon the Snaffle or Slavering-bit and let them continue so for ane hour after whâ—â— you shall turn them again to the Manger When the Groom goes to bed at night it is very proper that he give those horses which are very lean two measures or French peâ—ks of wet Bran which is somewhat less then four English Quarts over and above their ordinary proportion of Oats It is very fit also for such horses as are extraordinary lean to give them among their Oats some of the pouder described in the 66 Chap. of the 2d part Sect. 2. you are likewise to give to those horses which are very Light-bellyed a good handfull of wheat in the Morning before watering and continue it for some dayes suffering them to eat Hay as well in the night time as in the day and to give them but little or no wheat straw at all Grass is excellent for such kind of horses If it be a Mare which is very Light-bellyed you must cause give her a Horse because if she hath never had a Foal before this will stretch and enlarge her Belly In fine you are to give to all horses which you intend to fatten a greater proportion of oats then to those which are a ready plump and in a good condition Some people say that it is a very good receipt for fattening a horse to cause rub his Tail tuice a day with the Oats which he hath left uneaten before him in the Manger but betuixt too much and too little as well in Food as in Labour or exercise there is a middle that is far better then the extremes which are alwayes hurtfull Sometimes by feeding a horse too strongly a man does him more prejudice than good and People will observe them without any manifest cause to sweat in the stable especially when they sleep and that although the Stable be neither kept too warm nor the horse too much Covered if you perceive this happen to your horses it is a certain sign that they eat too much for it is the same with them as in men according to Hippocrates in his Aphorisms Sudor multus ex somno citra manifestam causam ciens corpus multo alimento uti significat If after the retrenching his allowance of Food he still continue to sweat he does then in that case stand in need of purging according to the same Aphorisme si vero cibum non capienti hoc fiat significat quod evacuatione opus habet You shall therefore purge and repurge him after which he will recover more in the space of fifteen dayes than he would have done in a Month had he not been thus throughly purged Although I alledge great difficulties in purging horses without a necessity nevertheless when People know certainly that it is needful they are to pass over these confiderations and purge them according to the precautions I shall give hereafter when I discourse of Purging You are to observe that lean fatigued and over-rid horses which People would suddenly fatten by feeding them excessively without any kind of order or rule are subject to take the Farcy therefore to prevent this you are not to give them so great a quantity to eat at a time and are also to take a little Blood of them now and then It is likewise to be remarked that every horse which drinketh lustily will be quickly restored and mend sooner than he that drinketh little and when a horse begins to drink heartily it is a certain sign that he will in a short time recover The best method for horses which eat too greedily is to spread well their Oats and scatter them in the Manger because having some difficulty in gathering them up they can neither eat them in such haste nor swallow them unchawed To feed with straw very small cut is an invention much made use of in Germany which is a very good one they have in that Countrey people who have no other imployment but to cut straw which they sell in their shops by the bushel as they do Oats Cut straw mixed with Oats is excellent to prevent a hors's eating of them too greedily besides that it being of it self a very good food is mighty wholesome for them But to fatten a horse which hath his Flanks a little altered you are to throw a good handful of Oats amongst a French Bushell of cut straw which is somewhat less than twelve English quarts and moistning all with a
already said a day that fair and calm CHAP. LXX Precautions to be observen in blood-letting and if he be a young Horse that it be in the increase of the Mooâ—â—â— if old then after the Full and also take care that the Horse be tyed up early in 〈◊〉 morning to the Rack and that he neither get Water nor Combing for fear of too 〈◊〉 moving and agitating his Spirits then he is to draw with a pair of Fleems 〈◊〉 should be of a reasonable breadth for the Reason before given about three pounds blood and then to leave him tyed to the Rack for two hours After which he shal give him some scalded Bran or a Mash and seeing our Author hath not in any part of his Book given the least Directions to make one by Reason I judge that they are not much made use of in France Malt being but very scarce there because of the small quantity of Ale they drink yet since it is a mixture very good for Horses and much used in these Islands I have thought fit to set down in this place the true Method of making a good Mash as followeth Take four English Quarts or half a Peck of good well ground Malt How to make a Mash and put it into a Pailor wooden Vessel by it self then take a Gallon or four English Quarts of fair Water and set it on the fire and when it hath boiled a very little put as much of it into the Malt as will moisten it working and stirring them with a piece of flat wood after which pour in the rest of the Water and mix all very well together then cover up the Vessel closs with a double covering or some Cloaths and let it stand thus for two hours or till such time as you intend to give it to your Horse the Mash being thus made and your Horse ready to take it uncover the Vessel and with your hand stir all well together crushing and squeezing the Mai t as much as possible and when luke-warm give it the Horse to drink It must I say be little more as milk warm when he taketh it and if it should prove either too hot or too thick when you are to give it you may rectifie both by adding a little cold Water to it but be sure not so much as to make it either too cold which would turn it raw or too thin which would abate a great deal of its pleasant taste and strength You may also if you intend he should eat none of the Grain or Malt a little whereof can never do him prejudice squeeze the Liquor quite from it and so let him drink it throwing away the Malt or rather giving it to your Hogs or Cows This is the best Method I know to make a good Mash which in many cases is found to agree well with Horses especially such as are any-wise indisposed or sick and which was therefore the cause of my setting it down in this place our Author not having as I have said made the least mention of it to my knowledge in his whole Book The Germans cause gallop their Horses before blooding to the end say they that the bad blood which is as the Lee may be mixed with the good and so both drawn together but they are deceived in this because the blood is filled with Spirits which being agitate and stirred up with this kind of coursing doth immediatly evaporate in a great abundance with the most subtile part of the blood when ever the Vein is opened so that blooding after this manner is more prejudicial than profitable If those who thus cause their Horses gallop before blood-letting were perswaded of the Circulation of the Blood they would not be in so gross an Error as to believe that the Blood is with the same tranquillity in the Veins as Wine is in a Hogs-head whose Lee lyeth at bottom but would be convinced that the whole Mass of the Blood circulates as well the gross part as that which is more subtile seing then this is so there is no need of any violent agitation of it such as galloping to oblige it to come forth but rather upon the contrary the Horse should be kept calm and quiet for fear of evacuating and lossing too many of his Spirits as I have already explained Those who are very careful of their Horses cause them eat only Bran in place of Oats both the day before Blooding the day it self and the day thereafter and for these three days they should also let them rest or at least that day wherein they are bled and also give them only bran in it You are also in taking blood to regulate the quantity according as your Horse is a great feeder and as his Veins are full and stretched and accordingly as it issues forth with violence having still regard to the quality of the Disease his Strength Age and the Season It is a general Maxim that a man without very good and pressing Reasons she 〈◊〉 never make great evacuations by blood-letting because there is made by it a too 〈◊〉 dissipation of the Spirits whereby the Horse is weakned so that his Members 〈◊〉 so easily perform their functions as also there are thereby formed crudities iâ— Veins which are the Source and Origine of several Diseases CHAP. LXXI How to judge of the Quantity and Quality of Blood ALthough it is not the common Practice of Farriers to receive a Horse's 〈◊〉 into a Vessel when they open any of his Veins it is however very â—â—â—â—â—sary CHAP LXXI How to judge of the Quantity and Quality of Blood that so a man may first judge of the Quantity he takes from 〈◊〉 and afterwards of its Quality Therefore when a Man opens a Horse's Vein he should instead of letting 〈◊〉 Blood fall to the ground receive it into a convenient Vessel the contents whereof should have measured before hand to know how many pounds of Water it containâ— that so heÌ„ may proportionably draw as many pounds of Blood in the same Vessel 〈◊〉 example a Man knows how much space two English Quarts of Water take up in a Vessel the same space will be filled with four pounds of Blood for an English Quaâ—â— of Water weighs about two pound and Blood is near of equal weight with Water having drawn the quantity of Blood he designs to evacuate he shall let it fix and â—â—â—geal that he may the better judge of its quality now although Blood be somewhâ—â— lighter then Water yet the difference is so very inconsiderable that it is not 〈◊〉 noticeing You shall then when you blood a Horse observe if it run calmly and slowly 〈◊〉 without any impetuosity as also if it cleave to your fingers when you touch it 〈◊〉 cause if it do it is a sign that it is Viscuous and will be subject to occasion obstruâ—â—â—ons therefore in that case you are to Blood your Horse frequently for this kin◠〈◊〉 Blood is a sign of Repletion
Sect. 5. A simple Water for Gun-shot Wounds p. 176 Sect. 6. Another more compound ibid. Sect. 7. Another ibid. Sect. 8. A compound Wine for curing Wounds in a Horse ibid. CHAP. LXIII Sect. 1. Of Wounds or Hurts on the Pastern-Joint and other nervous and sinewy Parts p. 177 Sect. 2. An Anodyne Pultiss p. 178 CHAP. LXIV Sect. 1. To prevent the Madness occasion'd by the Biting of a mad Dog either in Men or any sort of Cattle p. 179 Sect. 2. An infallible Remedy for Madness occasion'd by Biting ibid. Sect. 3. Another easie Remedy p. 180 Sect. 4. Of the Biting of a venomous Beast p. 181 CHAP. LXV Sect. 1. Of Pursiveness or Shortness of Breath p. 181 Sect. 2. A Remedy for Pursiveness p. 183 Sect. 3. Another Remedy for Pursiveness p. 184 Sect. 4. Another Remedy for Pursiveness ibid. Sect. 5. The way of exhibiting Honey to Horses that are pursive or troubl'd with Disorder in the Flanks and other Distempers p. 185 Sect. 6. A Powder for Heat and Disturbance in the Flanks p. 186 Sect. 7. How to loosen a pursive Horse's Belly p. 187 Sect. 8. An excellent Powder for pursive Horses ibid. Sect. 9. Of the Cure of Pursiveness with Eggs. p. 189 Sect. 10. The Emetic or Angelic Powder for Pursiveness ibid. Sect. 11. The yellow Pills for short-winded Horses p. 190 Sect. 12. Tincture of Sulphur for short-winded Horses p. 191 CHAP. LXVI Sect. 1. Of the Cough p. 192 Sect. 2. A Powder for a Cough whether old or newly taken ibid. Sect. 3. An Electuary for a Cough caused by Preternatural Heat p. 195 Sect. 4. Other Powders for a Cough p. 196 Sect. 5. A Remedy for the Cough ibid. Sect. 6. Another Remedy ibid. Sect. 7. The English Pills for an old Cough p. 197 CHAP. LXVII Sect. 1. Of Chest-Foundering and Foundering accompany'd with a Fever p. 197 Sect. 2. A Clyster for Horses that are Chest-founder'd p. 198 l. 21 Sect. 3. A Decoction for Chest-Foundering ibid. l. 31 Sect. 4. A Remedy which purges and gives Ease to a Chest-founder'd Horse ibid. l. 57 Sect. 5. Another Decoction for Chest-Foundering p. 199 l. 10 Sect. 6. Remedies for Obstructions of the Lungs caus'd by Foundering ibid. Sect. 7. A Powder for Chest-Foundering p. 200 l. 1 Sect. 8. For a Chest-founder'd Horse that is very sick ibid. l. 10 Sect. 9. Another ibid. l. 18 Sect. 10. A Remedy for a founder'd Horse that is troubled with a Fever and very sick p. 200 Sect. 11. A Potion or Drink for a founder'd Horse that is very sick either with or without a Cough p. 201 Sect. 12. The Lieutenant's Decoction for a Horse that is founder'd and very sick ibid. Sect. 13. Crocus Metallorum p. 202 Sect. 14. Liver of Antimony ibid. CHAP. LXVIII Sect. 1. Of tyr'd Horses that pine away after hard Labour or Riding p. 204 Sect. 2. Of Sal Polychrest or fusible Sulphur p. 205 Sect. 3. A Fomentation for a lean and tyr'd Horse p. 207 Sect. 4. To loosen the Belly of a tyr'd Horse ibid. Sect. 5. A purging Remedy for a tyr'd Horse ibid. Sect. 6. The Golden Sulphur of Antimony p. 208 Sect. 7. Of a Horse tyr'd with hard Riding p. 209 Sect. 8. A purging and comforting Potion ibid. CHAP. LXIX The Method of Fattening Horses p. 209 CHAP. LXX Sect. 1. Of the Shrinking of the Sinews and Gauntness of the Belly occasion'd by Foundering of the Body and other Distempers p. 210 Sect. 2. An Anodyne Ointment ibid. CHAP. LXXI Sect. 1. Of the Anticor p. 212 Sect. 2. A comforting Potion for the Anticor p. 213 Sect. 3. Oil of Rue ibid. CHAP. LXXII Sect. 1. Of Palpitation of the Heart p. 214 Sect. 2. A Remedy for the Palpitation of the Heart ibid. Sect. 3. A Clyster for the Palpitation of the Heart p. 215 Sect. 4. A Clyster to dispel Wind. ibid. Sect. 5. A Clyster for the Palpitation of the Heart accompany'd with Heat ibid. Sect. 6. Another cooling Clyster p. 216 Sect. 7. A Cordial Potion for the Palpitation of the Heart ibid. CHAP. LXXIII Sect. 1. Of Fevers p. 216 Sect. 2. A simple Fever p. 217 Sect. 3. A putrid or humoral Fever ibid. Sect. 4. A pestilential Fever p. 217 Sect. 5. Of the Causes and Signs of a Fever p. 218 CHAP. LXXIV Sect. 1. Of the Cure of a simple Fever p. 219 Sect. 2. A Clyster ibid. CHAP. LXXV Sect. 1. Of the Cure of putrid Fevers p. 220 Sect. 2. A Febrifuge or Remedy to drive away Fevers ibid. Sect. 3. A Clyster for a Fever p. 221 Sect. 4. Another Clyster for Fevers ibid. CHAP. LXXVI Sect. 1. Of the Cure of a Pestilential Fever p. 221 Sect. 2. A Remedy p. 222 l. 3 Sect. 3. Of the Method to be observed after a Horse's Recovery from a Fever ibid. Sect. 4. A purging Remedy for a Horse after his Recovery from a Fever and generally in all other Cases p. 223 Sect. 5. An excellent Catholicum for Clysters p. 224 CHAP. LXXVII Sect 1. Of the Farcin p. 224 Sect. 2. The flying Farcy p. 226 Sect. 3. The corded Farcin ibid. Sect. 4. The Farcin resembling a Hen's Fundament p. 227 Sect. 5. The internal Farcin ibid. CHAP. LXXVIII Sect. 1. Remedies for the Farcin p. 227 Sect. 2. A Purge for the Farcin p. 228 Sect. 3. Pills for the Farcin p. 229 Sect. 4. A specifick Remedy for the Farcin ibid. Sect. 5. Another easie Method ibid. Sect. 6. To cure the Farcin by giving the Fire p. 230 Sect. 7. The Ointment of Portugal for Farcin Knots ibid. Sect. 8. A Cautery or Caustic p. 231 Sect. 9. Another ibid. Sect. 10. The Ointment of Naples which alone cures the Farcin ibid. Sect. 11. The Remedy of a German Farrier for the Farcin ibid. Sect. 12. An excellent Remedy for the Farcin p. 232 Sect. 13. Corrosive Sublimate p. 233 Sect. 14. Mercurius dulcis or sweet Sublimate ibid. CHAP. LXXIX Sect. 1. Remedies for the Farcin that resembles a Hen's Fundament p. 234 Sect. 2. Pills for the Farcin ibid. Sect. 3. The German Ptisan for the Cure of the Farcin p. 235 CHAP. LXXX Sect. 1. Of an inveterate Farcin p. 236 Sect. 2. The Decoction of Guaiacum ibid. Sect. 3. The Decoction of China ibid. Sect. 4. The Decoction of Sarsaparilla p. 237 CHAP. LXXXI Of the Farcin in the Head p. 237 CHAP. LXXXII Sect. 1. To dissolve and asswage all sorts of Swellings caus'd by the Farcin both in the Legs and other parts of the Body p. 238 Sect. 2. A resolving Ointment for Swellings occasion'd by the Farcin p. 239 l. 1. Sect. 3. A Receipt for the Farcin p. 240 Sect. 4. An easie Remedy for the Farcin ibid. CHAP. LXXXIII Sect. 1. Of the Ebullition of the Blood or Blood-running Itch. p. 241 Sect. 2. Chrystal Mineral or Sal Prunellae ibid. CHAP. LXXXIV Of the shedding of the Hair from the Head accompany'd with the Mange and of the Falling of the Hair from the rest of the Body especially about the Neck and hinder
the Wane of the Moon 't is of shorter continuance and less violent for the Humours decrease with the Moon and the Horse recovers speedily If these Observations be not attentively consider'd by those who undertake the Cure of Horses they will hardly be able to make a certain Judgment concerning the length and dangerousness of their Distempers or to prescribe a successful Method of Cure This Assertion is grounded on a certain knowledge of the Causes The way of curing a Cold is the same with that which I prescrib'd for the Strangles For you must cover the Horse's Neck with a Furr'd Skin keep him warm give him the Electuary of Kermes put Baggs with Assa-Foetida into his Mouth thrust Feathers into his Nose Syringe him and proceed in all other respects as in the Cure of the Strangles If you perceive that your Horse has not wholly lost his Appetite you may give him the Cordial Powder every three days or rather the Electuary of Kermes And when the Disease is attended with a total loss of Appetite you cannot give a better Remedy than that Electuary in a Pint of Spanish Wine once in two days if he has not a Fever or if he have a Fever you may give him the Cordial Waters with Clysters both before and after The Arman describ'd Chap. VII is very good in this case It may be given five or six times in the day tying it to the Bit and will be found to be a Sovereign Remedy Take the sick Horse's Urine while 't is yet hot mix it with an equal quantity of Wine about a Pint or a Pint and half of each and make him drink it all up then cover him and let him stand Bridl'd two hours Repeat the same several times If you cannot have his Urine hot take a Pint of Flesh-Broath without Fat or Salt and as much Wine mix 'em for a Draught Repeat the same three or four days and if he Sweat not after the first Dose add to the Draught an Ounce of the Cordial-Powder and cover him well Continue after the same manner for some days For a Cold accompany'd with a violent Cough Take Honey of Roses and Juice of Liquorice of each four Ounces Fenugreek-seed Grains of Paradice Cummin-seed Cinnamon Cloves Ginger Gentian Birthwort-roots Anni-seed and Coriander-seed of each two Drams Reduce all the hard Ingredient into Powder and give the whole to the sick Horse in a Pint of White-Wine with six Ounces of Carduus-Benedictus-Water Let not this Composition offend those who are only pleas'd with Cooling Remedies for Horses must not be us'd like Men. If you cool 'em too much when they are troubl'd with this Distemper you will stifle em and therefore beware of purely cooling Medicines You will quickly be sensible of the good effects of This which contains many hot Ingredients but since they are agreeable to the nature of Horses they do not inflame 'em and cause only so much Heat as is necessary to strengthen the Parts Experience will convince you of the Truth of my Assertion for the Remedy will succeed and I shall take occasion hereafter to demonstrate that there is need of a great deal of Prudence to administer cooling Remedies to a Horse with safety and success You must also walk him frequently in the Sun-shine if it be Summer and observe the same directions that I prescrib'd in the case of Want of Appetite Chap. VI. and also in the Chapters of the Strangles A Draught for a Cold join'd with a Palpitation or Beating in the Flank When the sick Horse is troubl'd with a Cough a vehement Beating in his Flank and even Palpitation of the Heart you cannot assist him more effectually than by giving him two Clysters and then the following Draught after he has stood two hours in the Morning with a watering Bit in his Mouth 'T is composâ—d of the Waters of Scorzonera Carduus Benedictus Scabious Roses and bitter Succory of each half a Pint Give the Horse a Quart of these Waters with an Ounce of Zedoary and two Drams of Saffron both in fine Powder then rinse the Horn with the half Pint that remains and make him drink that also After which let him stand four hours with a Waterbit in his Mouth and as soon as you unbridle him lay moisten'd Bran before him leaving him to eat at his pleasure till Night and then give him a good Clyster with an Ounce and an half of Sal Polychrest Take Assa-foetida and Powder of Savin of each half an Ounce and tie 'em in a Bag to the Bit let the Horse stand two hours then unbridle him and after two hours more put in the Bag again For besides that this Bag gives him an Appetite it eases his Head by making him void a great quantity of Water and bitter Flegm Instead of the Zedoary and Saffron you may mix an Ounce of the Confection of Hyacinth without Musk or Amber-grise with the Cordial Waters and the same may be repeated two or three times if need require and if you found any Benefit by the first Dose for that which gives Ease may if continu'd perfect the Cure The main part of the Cure consists in giving the Horse one or two softening Clysters with Sal Polychrest every day A Softening Clyster Take Leaves of Mallows Violets Herb-Mercury Pellitory of the Wall of each three Handfuls Annis-seeds one Ounce or a Handful of green Fennel if it be in the Summer let 'em boil half an hour in a large Pot or Kettle in three Quarts of Water for a little Horse or four for a large one adding an Ounce and a half or two Ounces of Liver of Antimony in fine Powder After the Decoction is half-cold press it out and add to the strain'd Liquor four Ounces of Lenitive Electuary and a Quarter of a Pound of fresh Butter Mix and make a Clyster which must be injected after you have rakâ—d the Horse then put him again into the Stable and let him stand half and hour bridl'd If these Remedies be apply'd with Prudence when the Occasion requires and without either Rashness or Negligence the Horse will certainly be eas'd by 'em unless the Disease be extremely violent CHAP. XVI The Vniversal Cordial-Powder TAke Sassafras Zedoary Elecampane Gentian Carlin-Thistle Angelica Cubebs Spanish Scorzâ—nera Master-Wort and Marsh-Mallows of each half a Pound Birth-Wort round and long Bay-Berries Bark of Oranges and Citrons Savin of each four Ounces Cardamoms Liquorice Myrrh Shavings of Hart's-Horn and Ivory Coriander-Seed Seeds of Carraway Cummin Annise and Fennel of each two Ounces Cinnamon an Ounce Cloves Nutmeg and Oriental Saffron of each half an Ounce all fresh and gather'd in due time for a Root dug up in Summer is of no Value and therefore they must be gather'd in the Spring when they begin to shoot forth or about the time of Advent before the Frost The Medicine will be more effectual if you add a Pound of the Grains of Kermes but since they cannot be kept without
malignant Vapours are sent up to the Brain These thin Steams alter the very Substance of the Brain by their Sharpness and being condens'd or thicken'd by the natural Coldness of that Part produce a Humour of the same Nature with Aqua fortis which by its Acrimony irritates the Parts and augments the Ulcer from whence proceeds that troublesome Flux of Humours thro' the Nostrils And whereas the two Jugular Veins furnish and communicate a great Quantity of Blood to the Brain the Substance of which is already alter'd by the malignant Vapours that glide thither perpetually thro' the Coeliac Vein as to the Head of an Alembic the Blood instead of being further purify'd according to the establish'd Order of Nature is corrupted and from thence falling upon the Lungs heats 'em and being render'd incapable of performing its appointed Task to nourish and refresh that Part serves only to augment the Ulcers that are already form'd in it The remote or outward Causes are almost the same with those of the Cold. The Signs by which this Disease may be known are when a Horse already too old to be troubl'd with the Strangles without a Cough voids a great quantity of Matter by the Nostrils and when there are one or more Glands or Kernels fasten'd to the Bone between the two Jaw-bones which are so tender that the Horse can hardly endure you to touch 'em and tho' they be not fasten'd to the Bone yet if they be hard and full of Pain 't is almost always a Sign of the Glanders If the Horse void Matter by the Nose without a Cough and have a Kernel sticking to the Bone you may conclude that his Distemper is not a Cold which is usually accompany'd with a Cough whereas the Glanders are often without that Symptom and besides in the Glanders the Matter usually flows out of one Nostril whereas in the Cold it runs almost always out of both Some cast the Matter that is voided by the Nostrils into Water and if it swim on the Top they conclude the Horse to be free of this Distemper but if it sink to the Bottom 't is a Sign of the Glanders The principal Use of this Experiment is to distinguish the Pus which is properly the Matter of an Ulcer or Imposthume from the Phlegm that comes out of the Vessels which is not so pernicious for the Matter sinks to the Bottom and the Phlegm swims on the Top. But you must not depend on the Certainty of this Sign for if the Matter sâ—ick to the Nostrils like Glue 't is a bad Sign and you may conclude the Disease to be the Glanders tho' the Matter swim on the Top. When either the Breath or Matter that comes out of the Nostrils stinks the Disease is almost always incurable for that noisome Smell proceeds from some Ulcer or corrupt Humour which at least presages the Length and Tediousness of the Cure When in the progress of the Distemper the Humour voided by the Nostrils turns to a frothy Substance and continues to be so the Disease is usually incurable and the Horse dies quickly after I have seen some Horses troubl'd with this Distemper without Kernels or if there were any they were little and moveable and the only Sign by which we could discover it to be the Glanders was the Glewiness of the Matter which stuck to the Nostrils it flow'd not out but obstructing the Passages stopp'd the Horse's Breath but the Passages being clear'd by the help of a Syringe he found Ease and even the Matter was mixt with bloody Fibres which shew'd that it proceeded from some Ulcer that render'd the Disease incurable for not one of the Horses escap'd tho' no Means were neglected to preserve ' em Some pretend that the Seat of this Disease is in the Brain but 't is certainly in the Lungs rarely in the Liver Kidneys or Milt and never in the Brain This I affirm on certain Knowledge and the Account I have given of it is grounded on a Principle which nothing less than a plain Demonstration of its Falseness and Absurdity shall make me renounce This is the most contagious Distemper to which Horses are obnoxious for not only it communicates its Venom at a small distance but infects the very Air and seizes on all the Horses that are under the same Roof with him that languishes under it And therefore assoon as you perceive the least Sign of the Glanders you must separate the the sick Horse from all his Companions and not suffer him to drink out of the same Pail with 'em especially when the Disease is malignant for there are several kinds of Glanders some of which are not so extremely infectious as others but there are none of 'em that ought not to be suspected I 'm perswaded that this Distemper proceeds from a cold Cause and I do not at all doubt of the extream difficulty of the Cure All its various kinds are only distinguish'd by a greater or less degree of Malignity and it will be found that all those who pretend to have cur'd the Glanders have only cur'd either the Strangles Cold or some less malignant sort of Glanders for certainly these Cures are very rare and perhaps I might justly say impossible This Disease is caus'd and fomented by an Ulcer in the Lungs rarely in any other part which encreases and by degrees consumes the whole Lobes of the Lungs and at last kills the Horse If you do not begin while 't is still possible to enable nature to consolidate the Lungs and heal the malignant Ulcer you can never perfect the Cure You may conclude the Disease to be incurable when 't is seated in the Spleen because that Part will hardly yield to the Virtue of Medicines To begin the Cure you may by way of Precaution take up the two Veins in the Neck two Fingers breadth beneath the Place where the Horse is usually let Blood the Operation is perform'd thus First Make an Incision and lay the Vein bare then separate it with a Cronet and tye it with a double Thread of wax'd Silk without cutting the Vein lest the Ends of it should slip out of the Knot when the Horse eats and stirs his Jaws with which one of the Branches of that Vein communicates then fill the Wound with Salt and do the same on the other side of the Neck This Operation is also very useful for the Eyes that are either weak or troubl'd with Defluxions for these Veins being taken up the impetuous Course of the Blood to the Brain will be stopp'd and in the present Case since the Brain receives a less quantity of Blood the quantity of the sharp Humour that falls upon the Lungs will be also diminish'd and the Ulcer sooner healâ—d or at the least 't is certain that if the taking up of a Vein does not promote the Cure it cannot hinder it I adâ—is'd you not to cut the Vein between the two Knots because I have seen Horses kill'd by so
will be red and yellowish which is a certain sign of the redundancy of Choler The inside of his Lips is yellow and his Eyes are infected with the same Colour 'T is call'd Gelbesucht or the yellow Disease by the Germans who are better acquainted with it than we and have invented a Remedy for it which a Farrier of that Nation sold for a great Summ of Money to a Frenchman who communicated it to me and I found it by experience to be very effectual for when I try'd it this was the only Disease of the Head that was known But since that time the Distemper has chang'd its Nature and the alteration of the Cause oblig'd us to search for new Remedies tho' to little purpose When a Horse is seiz'd with this Distemper he eats faintly hangs his Head and Ears his Eye is languid his Nostrils open and he is apt to stumble If these Signs do not appear the following Remedy will produce no effect for all Diseases of the Head proceed not from the same Cause and you will never be able by this Method to remove a Distemper that is not caus'd by the Overflowing of Choler The Diseases that were known by this Name in the Year 166â— and 1661. and those of 1669 1670. and the succeeding Years were not produc'd by the above-mention'd Cause and therefore could not be cur'd by the German Remedy nor could we find any other successful Medicine for more Horses died than were cur'd of those Diseases Nevertheless I have lately administer'd a Remedy in Thea with excellent Success by the use of which several Horses have been cur'd of those late contagious Distempers that were commonly call'd Diseases of the Head The Remedy for the overflowing of the Bile is as follows Take four Quarts of Spring or River Water and make a Lye with about half a Bushel of Ashes of Vine-Twigs by pouring the boiling Water four several times upon the Ashes then add a pound of good Oil Olive and a quarter of a Pound of Bay-berries in Powder Let the Horse be kept all Night Bridl'd in the Morning let him Blood plentifully in the Flank and two hours after give him two Glasses of the Remedy at the Nostrils let the Bridle remain on his Head two hours longer then unbridle him and give him some White-Water to drink and either moisten'd Bran Hay or Bread to eat after he has fed a quarter of an Hour Bridle him again and let him stand two hours after which give him a Glass of the Remedy at each Nostril two hours after unbridle him and suffer him to eat and drink a quarter of an Hour as before Continue after the same manner to give him two Glasses of the Medicine every four hours unbridling him a quarter of an Hour between every two Doses till you have us'd the whole Composition This Remedy makes the Horse cast forth Water and Snot at the Nose but it only appeases or quels the Distemper without removing the Cause For the Fix'd Salt of the Ashes being communicated to the Lye destroys the Acid that occasion'd these Disorders and produc'd the Heat with which this Disease is accompani'd and besides the Oil contributes very much to qualifie the Distemper as you may easily perceive in the making of Soap Afterwards leave the Horse in a dark place with good Litter and free from the noise of Men or Horses that he may Sleep for in this case Rest is the Sovereign Remedy As soon as you perceive that he has perfectly recover'd his Appetite walk him gently in the cool of the day about a quarter of an Hour for seven or eight days together and then purge him with the Medicine describ'd in the Twenty Sixth Chapter CHAP. XXV Another Remedy for Diseases in the Head THE Distempers that are at present known by that Name are not caus'd by the overflowing of Choler but tho' there is but little hope of Cure we ought not wholly to abandon the sick Horses For 't is some satisfaction to endeavour to give 'em ease tho' they are seldom fit for Service afterward As soon as you suspect the Horse to be seiz'd with this Distemper give him a Dose of the Lieutenant's-Powder or of the Cerdial Pills which have a vertue to resist the Poyson that Suffocates 'em and not unfrequently Cures 'em perfectly in a little time And those who are cur'd by this Method are as fit for Service as formerly And even by way of prevention you ought to give the same Powder or Balls to all your Horses and repeat 'em after three days for they who have taken these Remedies will certainly escape falling into this Disease Besides you must perfume the whole Stable and change the Pails Shovels Forks Curry-Combs and all the Furniture of the Stable But if the Horse has been sick for some time it will be convenient to try other Remedies for the Powder is only proper in the beginning and has no effect after the Disease has lasted four and twenty Hours Take the bigness of the Tag of a Point of good black Hellebore open the Skin on the Horse's Breast and put the piece of Hellebore between the Skin and the Flesh so that it may not fall out It will make the part swell as big as your Hat and draw the Fluxion thither by which means the Humour may be diverted which is carry'd from the Heart to the Brain A Remedy for the Disease of the Head call'd The Fiery-Evil As soon as your Horse begins to refuse his Oats let him Blood in the Temple-Veins and afterwards prepare the following Remedy Take of the Herb call'd Devil's-Bit and Fumitory of each one Handful Cummin-seed one Ounce Assa-faetida half an Ounce Strong Beer or White-Wine a Quart put 'em into a Pot cover'd close with a Hog's-Bladder and Paper and the Lid of the Pot over all Fit the Pot to the Balneum Mariae that is place it in a Kettle with a Straw-Rope between the bottom of the Pot and the Kettle then pour Water into the Kettle till it rise within an Inch of the top of the Pot and make the Water boil an hour over a strong Fire after which take out the Pot and when 't is somewhat cold uncover it strain out the Liquor and make the Horse drink it Blood-warm two or three hours after his Bleeding then let him stand four hours Bridl'd and at Night give him a Clyster with Sal Polycrest Next Morning Bridle your Horse and pour a Quart of strong Beer or White-Wine upon the gross substance that remain'd in the the Pot cover it as before and set it over a gentle Fire augmenting the Fire by degrees till it begin to boil Keep it boiling an hour over a naked Fire and not in a Kettle as before After 't is half cold press out the Liquor as hard as you can and throwing away the thick substance give the Liquor to the Horse to drink keeping him Bridl'd four hours after Then give him moisten'd Bran and
Intermissions of his Fever you may take the Advantage of one of those Intervals to prepare and exhibit the following Liquor Mix a Pound of fine Barley-Flower with a sufficient quanityt of Water as if you design'd to make Gruel boil it till it begin to thicken then add the quantity of an Egg of Sugar and while 't is moderately warm inject it into the Horse's Nose one half into each Nostril Since the Passages of the Nose end in the Mouth you will perhaps be surpriz'd that I do not prescribe this Nourishment to be given to the Horse in the Beginning of the the Disease when he stands so much in need of it as not being able to take any Food at the Mouth but I consider that every thing that a Horse takes by the Nose does extremely fatigue and torment him and therefore even the most cooling sorts of Nourishment such as Barley given after that manner might increase his Fever if he has any or throw him into a Fever tho' he were free of it before For tho' this Fever be only accidental and not much to be dreaded 't is nevertheless impossible to give any Nourishment by the Nose without manifest hazard and therefore I think we ought not to have recourse to that Method till the Horse be in danger of starving in which case 't is better to make an Attempt to save his Life tho' with some hazard than to suffer him to die of Hunger CHAP. XXXVIII Of the Vives 'T IS certainly a manifest Impropriety of Speech to say that the Horse has always the Vives because he always has those Parts where that Distemper is seated and shews it self when he is actually troubl'd with it These are certain Glands or Kernels near the Neck which being of a soft and spongy Substance and held to be the Drainers or Emunctories of the neighbouring Parts are subject to Inflammation which causes a Swelling that obstructs the Throat and stops the Wind so that if the Horse be not speedily assisted he is in danger of being choak'd The Pain and Uneasiness occasion'd by the stoppage of his Wind makes him lie down frequently and immediately start up again tumble struggle and toss his Body after a strange manner thinking by these various Motions to get rid of the Pain that torments and stifles him This Distemper may be very fitly compar'd to that which is call'd the Quinzie in Men. 'T is thought that the Vives are always accompany'd with the Colic because the same Symptoms appear in both The most usual Cause of this Disease is a sudden Change from one Extremity to another especially from a violent Heat to a sharp Cold as when a Horse is suffer'd to drink immediately after hard Riding or any vehement Exercise for by this means the Humours are melted and falling too plentifully on the Kernels swell 'em and occasion all the above-mention'd Disorders The Vives are also caus'd by over-working or riding a Horse beyond his Strength and out of Wind or by neglecting to cover and walk him after violent Exercise and a Horse may bring 'em upon himself by eating too large a Quantity of Oats Barley Wheat or Rye besides which they may proceed from several other Causes which are almost always owing to the Indiscretion either of the Rider or Groom Of Remedies for the Vives Bend the Horse's Ear downwards towards his Throat near the Cheek-bone and mark the place where it touches the Skin for that is the Part where the Inflammation is seated that causes the Swelling and if the Hair can be easily separated from the Skin by plucking it off with your hand 't is a Sign of Ripeness and that 't is time to resolve or at least to give vent to the Matter contain'd in the Swelling Then take hold of the Kernel which you will find in that Part with a Pair of Pincers or Plyers and beat the Swelling gently with the Handle of a Shooing-Hammer till you judge it to be sufficiently rotten or bruise the Kernels or Tumours with your hand till the Vives be rotted and soften'd making the flatuous or windy Spirits break thro' the Skin by way of insensible Transpiration after which the Swelling will certainly be resolv'd and disappear This is the easiest and surest Method 'T is the general Custom of Farriers to open the Vives with a Lance making an Incision upon the Kernel or Swelling out of which they take a certain Substance like the Fat of Beef but harder and afterwards stop the Hole with Salt Others pinch forth the Vives out of the Inside of the Ear pretending that the same Matter that is included in the Kernels which are the Seat of the Vives is also contain'd in that part of the Ear but this is a ridiculous Fancy 'T is better in my Opinion to rot the Vives than to open 'em because the last of these Methods renders the Horses more obnoxious to this Distemper Farriers think 't is the safest way to open 'em but I chuse rather to corrupt 'em unless the Swelling be so great that the Horse is in danger of being stifl'd in which case you must open 'em without delay to give Ease to the Horse After you have rotted or in Cases of Necessity open'd the Vives bleed the Horse under the Tongue wash his Mouth with Salt and Vinegar blow some of the Vinegar into his Ears rubbing and squeezing 'em hard to make it penetrate for it powerfully asswages the Pain that is communicated to the Jaws by reason of their Nearness to the Seat of the Vives Then take Hemp-seed beaten two handfuls two Nutmegs grated and six Yolks of Eggs mix 'em with a Quart of Wine and make the Horse drink it walking him gently half an hour after Sometimes the Distemper will not yield to this Remedy in which Case you must give the Horse a good Clyster with Sal Polychrest and repeat the Remedy of Hemp-seed c. Besides you must not grow weary of walking him abroad for Exercise rouzes the Natural Heat and puts it in a Condition to resist its Enemy This I recommend as a very good and sure Remedy and besides 't is cheap and easily prepar'd I can assure you from my own Observation that 't is a most present Remedy to thrust a Bodkin or Shooe-Maker's Awl quite thro' the Horse's Nostrils two or three fingers breadth above their Opening There will run out as much Blood on each side as would fill the Shell of an Egg and then it will stop of it self At the same time that you bleed him under the Tongue you must also let him blood very plentifully in the Flanks then cause him to be rak'd thus Chuse a Boy or any Servant that has a little Hand which you must make him besmear with Oil or Butter and stretching it out at full length with the Fingers join'd close together thrust his Arm up to the Elbow into the Horse's Fundament and draw out his handful of Dung But since a heedless and unskilful
together it will appear that I had reason to prescribe so many different Remedies I have seen a great number of Horses lost by the Ignorance of those who undertook to Cure 'em For those pretended Artists endeavour'd only to make 'em Stale tho' the Disease was truly a Wind-Colic On the other side most Farriers and Grooms imagine that a Horse is troubl'd with the Gripes when his Urine is supprest and that Mistake is so strongly rooted in 'em that 't is impossible to convince 'em of their Error So that when a Horse is troubl'd with a Stoppage of Urine and the Farriers pretend that the Distemper proceeds from the Gripes you may certainly conclude that they are mistaken and that the Disease is an effect of another Cause When the stoppage of Urine is occasion'd by a confirm'd Obstruction or by an Inflammation of the Neck of the Bladder you must not persist in the use of Internal Medicines to provoke Urine which would only serve to encrease the Pain and Inflammation and stifle the natural Heat by driving vast quantities of serous and flegmatic Humours into the Bladder But instead of these you may safely apply the external Remedies describ'd in this Chapter It was never observ'd hitherto that Horses were subject to the Stone or Gravel or that the stoppage of Urine that occasions this kind of Colic was ever occasion'd by Sand or Gravel Nevertheless in the Year 1668. an old Spanish Horse died in our Academy after a Sickness of some Hours during which he Sweat all over the Body To discover the Cause of so cruel a Distemper I order'd his Body to be open'd by our Farrier who found in his Kidneys a Stone that weigh'd four Pounds and two Ounces brown and shining like polish'd Marble resembling a little Dutch Cheese and of a very regular Figure for it was not the breadth of a Line thicker on one side than on the other Both its Figure and Weight have remain'd entire ever since and it has been seen by almost all the People of Paris with admiration I presented it to my good Friend Count Bertholin who made all those who saw it taken out of the Horse's Body attest the truth of the matter of Fact before a Notary He preserves it still and shows it to all those who desire a sight of it nor could I forbear relating so unusual an Accident For a Flux of Urine Having already discours'd of the Stoppage of Urine I shall proceed in the next place to give an account of the Cause and Cure of a contrary Distemper in which the Horse voids an excessive quantity of crude and undigested Urine resembling Water and at last dies not being able to support the long continuance of such an immoderate Evacuation This Flux of Urine is occasion'd by the Heat and Sharpness of the Blood and an Inflammation of the Kidneys which like Cupping-Glasses suck all the serous Humours out of the Veins and discharge 'em into the Bladder every thing that the Horse drinks passing immediately thro' his Body without the least Alteration The remote Causes of this Distemper are Immoderate and Irregular Exercise or Working of young Horses cold Rains in the beginning of Winter and eating of Oats that are Imported by Sea where being of a spongy Nature they imbibe and suck in the volatile saline Spirits that rise out of the Sea When you undertake the Cure of this Disease in the first place you must order the Horse's Diet feeding him with Bran instead of Oats and give him a cooling Clyster next day let him Blood and the day after inject another Clyster after which Bleed him again the following day The whole quantity of Blood that is taken away must not exceed four Pounds that is two at each time After you have let Blood twice and injected two Clysters boil two Quarts of Water and put it into a Pail-full of common Water with a large handful of Oriental Bole beaten to Powder Mix the whole very well and make the Horse drink it luke-warm if it be possible neither must you give him any other Liquor for his ordinary drink Morning or Evening Horses that are troubl'd with this Distemper drink excessively and some of 'em are so thirsty and their Bodies so heated that they would drink six Pail-fulls of Water every day You must not restrain 'em but let 'em have their full liberty to drink as much as they please provided the Water be prepar'd as before with boiling Water and Bole for the more they drink the sooner will they be cur'd When the Horse begins to Stale as he us'd to do when in Health and his Belly and Dung return to their natural Condition you must restore his Oats by degrees exercise him moderately at first and afterwards Ride or Work him with discretion CHAP. L. Of a Horse that Stales Blood DUring the great Heats of Summer if a Horse be ridden long and hard or over-heated by immoderate Exercise he will Piss pure Blood and this Disease is frequently Mortal especially if some Vein or large Vessel be broken which discharges the Blood into the Bladder Some Horses Piss Blood abundantly without a Fever loss of Appetite or any other appearance of Indisposition in which case the Flux of Blood proceeds only from the excessive Heat of the Kidneys and may be easily cur'd It would seem indeed that they could not long bear so vast an expence of Blood but since a little Blood will serve to tinge a great quantity of Urine 't is commonly thought that all they Piss is pure Blood whereas oftentimes the tenth part of it is not Blood and if proper Remedies be applied during the first days of the Distemper the Cure will be easily accomplish'd I shall forbear giving a particular Account of the Causes and Consequences of this Disease out of complaisance to those who are profest Enemies to Speculation and only look for Remedies in a Book of this nature Bleed the Horse and give him every Morning three Pints of White-Wine made Emetic by the Infusion of unwash'd Crocus Metallorum otherwise call'd Liver of Antimony The Nitre will give the Wine a red Colour and make it of admirable efficacy for it will both Cleanse and Heal which are the two main Scopes of the Cure Keep your Horse Bridl'd four Hours before you give him the Wine and as long after Repeat the Dose everyd ay and in six or seven Days the Flux of Blood will cease and the Horse will be in a fair way of Recovery For the Emetic Wine expels all Impurities out of the Bladder and consolidates the part which is all that can be desir'd for the Cure of this Distemper If the Pissing of Blood be accompany'd with Heat and a Palpitation of the Flanks as it usually happens give the Horse a good cooling Clyster every Evening bleed him a a second time if need require and dissolve two Ounces of Sal Polycrest in the three Pints of Emetic Wine which you were order'd
accompany'd with a sort of Scab which is bigger or less according to the various degrees of the Malady The Selenders breed on the bending of the Hough they proceed from the same Causes that breed the Malenders and are known by the same signs but they happen not so frequently and are consequently more dangerous as denoting that there is a great quantity of Humours in the Hough which continually discharge upon the Leg those malignant Waters that at last rot and corrupt it We must not attempt a compleat Cure of either of these Sores but only endeavour to allay the Humour and qualifie its sharpness by the use of Alkali's which blunt and deaden the too sharp Acid for they who absolutely dry up the Sore may be justly compar'd to those who shut the door of the Sheep-coat to keep the Wolf in And therefore you must content your self with keeping the part very clean that is you must wash and scour off the filth and corruption that sticks on the Hair or Skin with Black-Soap which is an Alkali and rub the Malenders with it then wash the part with Urine or a good Lye or rub the Chink with Butter fry'd till it grow black The surest way to cure either Malenders or Selenders is to mix equal quantities of Linseed-Oil and Aqua-Vitae stirring and shaking 'em till the mixture grow white and to anoint the Sores with it once a day This will dry a little and allay the sharpness of the Humours so that the Malender will neither cause a Swelling nor Pain The same is an excellent Remedy for Coach-Horses when they begin to be troubl'd with Red-Waters Chinks and Mules accompany'd with Heat and Swelling Sometimes the Selenders cause a Swelling which grows hard and hinders the motion of the Hough and since the situation of the Part is very inconvenient for the Application of Remedies you must proceed to the give the Fire as I once saw done with very good Success to a Spanish Horse who was cur'd without the least ill consequence Anoint the Malenders with Oil of Nuts mixt and shaken with Water after you have rub'd 'em with Black-Soap The Ointment for the Feet describ'd in the Eighty Fifth Chapter is also very proper in this Case Album Rasis dries a Malender when it grows too big and asswages the Inflammation The Ointment of Roses is also an excellent allayer of Sharpness if it be faithfully Prepar'd for that which is commonly Sold as I intimated before is not made of Roses but consists only of Hog's-grease melted with a little White-Wax to give it a Body These Impostors stir it while 't is hot with a Root of Alkanet to dye it red and wash it afterwards in Rose-Water to make it smell of Roses Meer Tallow is not at all inferiour to this pretended Ointment with which so many People are cheated CHAP. LXIX Of Splents YOu will find a large Account of these Excrescences in the Second Part and therefore I shall content my self at present with giving this short Account of a Splent that it is a Callous hard and insensible Swelling which breeds on the Shank-Bone and spoils the shape of the Leg when it grows big The Splent is usually occasion'd by a Blow or other Hurt on the Shank-Bone which offends the Periosteum or Skin that surrounds the Bone for the Humour gathering by degrees on that part forms a Tumor or Excrescency A Horse may be also troubl'd with this Infirmity if he be over-ridden or hard wrought when he is too Young before his Legs be strong enough and his Bones of a sufficient solidity and firmness to bear the Fatigues of Travelling For by straining of that part 't is render'd subject to Defluxions or the falling down of Molten Grease and if the Humour slip between the Bone and its Membrane it breeds a hard Lump that by degrees encreases and draws its Nourishment from the Bone which I have seen full of Holes like a Sieve in that part To protect the weakest part of the Bone against the Humour Nature fences it with a Callus which we call a Splent and if the Excrescency be augmented by Travelling and ascend to the Knee it makes the Horse Halt and is more difficult to Cure than the other kind I advise those who undertake the Cure of a Splent never to consume it with violent Caustics which often scale the Bone and dry up the Sinew 'T is true these Medicines take away the Splent but they weaken the Leg so extreamly that it were better to let the Swelling remain If the Horse be old you will find the Cure very difficult and the Splent can hardly be remov'd whereas it may be easily taken away from a young Horse and in the general 't is certain that a large Splent may be sooner remov'd and with less trouble when the Horse that bears it is young than a small Excrescency in the Leg of an old Horse You shall hardly meet with one that pretends to understand Horses who will not acquaint you that he is Master of an infallible Receipt for the Farcin and another for Splents tho' upon trial you will find his performance come far short of his Promises When the Splent is an effect of the deprav'd Shape of the Shank-Bone 't is to be esteem'd a Blemish or Deformity rather than a Disease For 't is the same with that which Physicians call Apophysis and does not admit of a Cure A Remedy for the Splent Shave away the Hair and beat or rub the Swelling with the handle of a Shooing-Hammer till it be soften'd then burn three or four Hazel-sticks while the Sap is in 'em and chafe the Splent with the Juice or Water that sweats out of both ends applying it as hot as you can without burning the Part after which rub or bruise the Swelling with one of the Sticks and continue frequently to throw the hot Juice upon the Part but not so hot as to burn it rubbing it still till it grow soft Then dip a Linnen-Cloth five or six times doubl'd in the Hazel-Juice as hot as you can endure it upon your Hand and tye it on the Splent suffering it to remain four and twenty Hours In the mean time keep your Horse in the Stable without permitting him to be led or rid to Water during the space of nine Days at the end of which the Splent will be dissolv'd and the Hair will come again some time after If the Hazel be not in its full Sap it will not operate so effectually nevertheless it may be us'd but the part must be rub'd and bruis'd more strongly If the Splent be not quite taken away but only lessen'd repeat the operation a Month after Another Remedy Shave the Hair knock rub and soften the Splent as before then take a piece of the Skin of Bacon not very fat and lay it on the part with the fat side outwards Afterwards apply a flat Cautery or red-hot Iron of the bigness of a Shilling holding it
and assoon as he comes into the Stable apply a Restringent Charge Take the Crum of a little Loaf hot from the Oven soak it in Spirit of Wine and apply it warm to the Wind-Gall lay a Bolster over it and tye it on with a broad Band wrapt several times about the Leg. This will cure a Wind-Gall in four and twenty Hours I remember that having apply'd this Remedy to a Spanish Horse who was troubl'd with a small Wind-Gall when I remov'd the Dressing I found the Leg very much swoll'n which surpriz'd me so much the more because I cou'd not imagine whence the Swelling proceeded In so doubtful a Case I apply'd the Remedy describ'd in the Sixty first Chapter consisting of Allom Whites of Eggs Honey and Spirit of Wine which asswag'd the Swelling in three or four times Dressing but the Wind-Gall remain'd still nor did I judge it convenient to endeavour the Removal of it by a new Application since my first Attempt had succeeded so ill tho' both before and since that time I have often cur'd Wind-Galls without the least appearance of a Swelling in the Leg. This Accident convinc'd me that the surest Remedy may fail sometimes and that we ought still to be prepar'd for all Events and when one Remedy proves unsuccessful to have recourse to another The following Restringent is very good Take Powder of Red Roses and of Myrtle-Berries of each two Drams fine Bole in powder and Starch of each four Ounces Juice of Plantane and green Service-Berries or for want of these Medlars of each an Ounce Vinegar of Roses three Ounces Mix 'em cold and make a Restringent Charge If it be too thin you may thicken it with Chalk and if it be too thick dilute it with Vinegar of Roses This Remedy serves not only to dissipate Wind-Galls which usually return upon the first occasion of violent Exercise but also to stop Defluxions and asswage or repel Swellings where it wou'd be dangerous to suffer 'em to end in Imposthumes as in all Sinewy Parts on the Hough and Reins If you would absolutely extirpate a Wind-Gall apply some softening Remedy and after that the Ointment of Beetles or that of Worms The Italians make use of Retoirs with excellent Success and the same are now very much us'd at Paris 'T is true those Medicines occasion a Swelling in the Part to which they are apply'd but that is soon asswag'd without any ill Consequence Yet before you apply a Retoire you may try the following Remedy To repel or asswage a Wind-Gall Wen or any other Soft Swelling Take a Quart of strong Vinegar and four Ounces of Galbanum beaten digest 'em on hot Ashes four and twenty Hours stirring 'em from time to time till the Galbanum be wholly dissolv'd then put in a Pound of common Turpentine and boil over a slow fire half an Hour after which add Mastich in powder three Ounces fine Bole one Pound Mix and make a Charge which must be apply'd hot and cover'd with a Piece of Paper When this falls off you will find the Swelling gone and therefore you may wash the Part with black Soap Butter or Oil-Olive for one Application is almost always sufficient This is an excellent Remedy This Charge will asswage and repel Wens in the Beginning and take away all sorts of Swellings To take away a Wind-Gall I can assure the Reader from frequent and successful Experience that the Ointment of Beetles describ'd in the seventieth Chapter or a convenient Retoire will utterly extirpate a Wind-Gall and the Hair will grow again as before Thus the Cure is perform'd more surely and effectually than by repelling Medicines for the Cause is remov'd and the Humours that fomented the Wind-Gall evacuated whereas the above-mention'd Remedy only drives in the Swelling but does not dissolve it You must not be surpriz'd at the Swelling occasion'd by the Ointment of Beetles for it ought to produce that Effect and the Tumour will fall away by degrees And even sometimes when too large a quantity of the Ointment is apply'd the Leg swells so extremely that the Horse seems to be irrecoverably lost but you may easily asswage the Swelling and take away the Heat and Pain by washing the Part with warm Wine mix'd with a little Butter The Fire is the last and best Remedy for Wind-Galls for it resolves and dissipates 'em so entirely that they never return again 'T is true it spoils the Sale of the Horse but it makes him fit for Service and I may say truly and without Vanity that I have brought this Remedy into fashion at Paris and made it so common as 't is at present and even I have often seen the King at Hunting on the Back of a Horse that had been fir'd on all his four Legs For sinewy Wind-Galls that grow on the Sinew behind the Fetlock the surest Remedy is to give the Fire pretty smartly but without piercing the Skin which will certainly cure 'em in the Beginning but this Operation is oftentimes delay'd till the Wind-Gall grows big and so hard that you cannot press it down with your Finger so that many Horses are irrecoverably lost by meer Neglect for they halt right-down and tho' you give the Fire it will not produce the desir'd Effect in less than six or eight Months and even then the Cure is frequently imperfect because the Tumour is grown so hard that the Fire either operates very slowly or not at all And therefore assoon as a sinewy Wind-Gall begins to make your Horse halt you must immediately give the Fire before the Swelling grow big and hard I speak only of the hinder Legs which are frequently subject to Accidents of this Nature whereas the fore Legs are rarely troubl'd with ' em CHAP. LXXIV Of Retories or Ruptories call'd by the Italians Dead Fire THE Italian Name of these Medicines is grounded on Reason for they not only heat the Part to which they are apply'd but even destroy it if they be rashly and immoderately us'd and therefore a Retoire is a kind of potential Fire Ruptories are compos'd in the Form of an Ointment of almost the same Drugs that are us'd in Blistering-Plaisters for Men which derive their Name from the Bladders or Blisters full of a reddish Water that arise in the Parts to which these Plaisters are apply'd Retoires produce the same Effect in Horses for they draw forth red Waters from the Part on which they are laid These are excellent Remedies in the hands of a prudent and skilful Person but if they be rashly apply'd either in too large a Quantity or on some great Veins as in the Case of a Blood-Spavin they will occasion no less dangerous Accidents than if a Cautery or Caustic had been apply'd for besides the Inflammation and Pain with which they are constantly attended they raise prodigious Scabs and Scurfs and make 'em fall away from the Part 't is plain then that a Retoire must be us'd with a great deal of Care
of Arsenick beaten and searc'd thro' a fine Sieve Mix all the Ingredients with the Honey in a clean Earthen Pot and boil them over a very gentle Fire stirring 'em frequently till they be reduc'd to the thickness of an Ointment which must be apply'd on Bolsters of Flax to the Figg If the Incision make the part Bleed which must be avoided if possible apply for the first Dressing the above-mention'd restringent Charge made of Turpentine and Soot laying it on warm with Rowlers Bandage and Splents to stanch the Blood Two Days after apply the Ointment describ'd in the preceding Paragraph laying it on warm and binding it hard with Rowlers and Splents placing Tents at the side to keep it firm and to hinder it from spreading and leaving the part of the Frush that touches the Figg uncover'd 'T is to be observ'd that the Flax must be dry that the Tents must be rowl'd hard before you put the Ointments upon 'em and that the Horse must be kept very dry for Moisture is very prejudicial in this case and obstructs the Cure After forty eight Hours remove the second Dressing and wiping the Sore with dry Flax observe whether there are more Fibres or Roots that must be laid open then wash the Figg with the Second Water and apply the above-mention'd Ointment which may be called the Ointment for the Figgs binding it on with Rowlers and Splents and placing Tents and Rowlers on both sides to keep it from spreading as you was formerly directed for some part of the Cure depends on the titeness of the Bandage When you remove the Dressing separate gently with a Slice or Spatula the little Scabs or rather Scurfs produced by the Ointment taking all possible care to prevent Bleeding If after one or two Applications you perceive not any considerable effect of the Ointment add three Ounces of strong Aqua-Fortis to one half of the Composition mixing 'em cold and suffering 'em to foment after which make use of the Ointment as before and it will certainly dissolve the Figg but in the mean time you must not neglect to bind on the Rowlers carefully and to renew the Application once in forty eight Hours When you take off the Dressing if you perceive that the Figg is sufficiently mortifi'd apply the first Ointment and afterwards you may have recourse to the second upon occasion observing the varieties of Circumstances with great care and niceness If the Flesh grow too fast in any part apply the Ointment with the addition of Aqua-Fortis but when you design only to dry the Part the simple Ointment will be sufficient If the Figg be fastn'd to the Gristle or Bone of the Foot and communicate with those Parts when it seems to be cur'd on one side it spreads and sometimes runs even to the Heel under the Quarter which frequently must be cut And after you have made an Incision into the Quarter you must remove the Gristle with the same Causticks either in Powder or Ointment that are prescrib'd in the Chapter of the Quitterbone for without taking away the Gristle 't is impossible to Cure the Figg If the Figg be very large as sometimes 't is equal to a small Hens Egg 't will be very convenient after you have search'd all around to discover the hollow places under the Scale where the Roots of the Figg lurk and lay 'em open with a crooked and double edg'd Fleam to cut out the whole Figg with a sharp Buttress extirpating entirely all the Putrefaction and corrupt Flesh Then suffer the Horse to bleed freely lengthen his Shooes and tye a Cord about the Pastern to stop the Blood after which cover the Wound with small Salt and over that apply Flax moisten'd with Turpentine boil'd with Soot If the Blood flow so fast that you cannot strew the Wound with Salt mix the Salt with the Composition apply it warm bind up the Foot carefully with an Iron Splent laid cross-wise to keep on the Dressing and lay the same Defensive about the Cronet suffering the Application to remain untouch'd for the space of three Days keeping the Horse in the mean time in a very dry place If the Figg be on the hinder Foot as 't is almost always as often as the Horse Dungs you must immediately remove his Excrements from under his Feet that the Sole may not receive the least moisture which wonderfully obstructs the Cure When you take off the Dressing cleanse the Part carefully with dry Flax and a Slice then apply the Ointment with Bolsters binding it on with Iron-Splents as before only there will be no occasion for the Defensive about the Cronet Two Days after remove the Dressing and consider the colour of the Flesh and having wash'd it with the second Water apply the Ointment with the Addition of Aqua-fortis if the Flesh be foul and the simple Ointment to those Parts where the Flesh is clean and fair continuing after the same manner for some Days Some tender Horses lose their Appetite on this occasion and therefore you must tye a Chewing-Ball to the Bit and give 'em good Clysters with Sal-Polychrest and moisten'd Bran to eat The continu'd use of these Directions will restore the Horse's Appetite which is a point of great Importance If the Figg be fasten'd to the Gristle or Bone of the Foot the surest Remedy is to take out the Sole according to the Method describ'd in the preceding Chapter and then dress the Figg as before and if there be occasion either cut out the Gristle or consume it with Causticks I shall take this occasion to advertise the Reader that I never apply a Caustick when 't is possible to perform the Operation with a Razor for he that uses this Instrument has the conveniency of seeing what he does and of directing and guiding it as he pleases nor is Incision attended with so much Pain as a Caustic and even tho' there be a Scale of a Bone in the Foot to be separated 't is better to make use of a red-hot Iron than a Caustic and for the same purpose I sometimes apply Egyptiacum with Sugar or White-Vitriol or Borax in Powder mixt with Spirit of Wine Violent Cauteries are dangerous in this case for they hurt the Bone of the Foot and cause an Exfoliation which is more troublesome and tedious than the Cure of the Distemper and besides they repel the Humours which occasion several not inconsiderable Disorders During the Cure of this Distemper 't will be very convenient to make your Horse eat every Day some Liver of Antimony in moisten'd Bran to make a revulsion by diminishing the quantity of the Humours that fall upon the Part for since that Remedy resists all Impurities 't will destroy the Causes of the Humour that moistens and nourishes the Figgs After the Cure is compleated to prevent any succeeding Danger tho' this Caution be not absolutely necessary you may take up the Pastern-Veins of the Sore Foot for since the Pastern-Veins carry great abundance
the Matter and discover the bottom of the Sore but if there be no Scale or any other Impurity in it dress the Hole as if it were occasion'd by a Prick with a Nail To prevent these Bleymes you must keep your Horse's Feet clean and moist making him stand five or six Hours every Day with his Fore-feet in his own Dung moisten'd with Water It will be also convenient when he is Shod to knock down the Heel that the Sinew may be extended for 't is usually crooked in those Horses that have great Heels and besides the same caution will prevent the Contraction and Narrowness of the Heels for the Bleymes are almost always occasion'd by the shrinking of the inside of the Hoof to prevent which Inconveniency if that part of the Hoof be already shrunk pare the Foot and set on a Pantofle-Shooe and if your Horse be very much Hoof-bound draw three or four Lines with a hot Iron on the Hoof from the lower part of the Cronet to the Shooe and keep the inside Quarter very supple and moist I have seen Horses forc'd to stand eight or ten Days in Litter by reason of this Infirmity the preventing of which will save a great deal of Charge to their Masters The second sort besides the usual symptoms of the first infects the Gristle which must be extirpated as in the Cure of a Quitter-bone This kind of Bleyme is infinitely more dangerous than a Quitter-bone for many Horses are kill'd by it others remain for ever Lame and some escape after a long and tedious Cure 'T is sometimes occasion'd by an Over-reach which without making any outward Wound makes a Contusion within and the bruis'd Blood turns to Matter which seeking a passage infects the Gristle and being retain'd grows to a Scirrhous Lump which must be taken out below and the Gristle above and the Sore cur'd by the Remedies already propos'd in a like case During the Cure instead of Oats give your Horse moisten'd Bran with two Ounces of Liver of Antimony every Day to divert the course of the Humours and purifie the Blood You may consult the Chapter that contains the Method of Cure for Quitter-bones where you will find the Remedies that are proper in this case The third sort of Bleymes is occasion'd by small Stones and Gravel enclos'd between the Shooe and the Sole but this kind may be easily cur'd If the Shooe be ill set on or not kept fast by the Nails the Horse is in danger either of Surbating or of the Bleymes and those who have flat Feet are most subject to this Infirmity because the Sand or Gravel enters easily between the Sole and the Foot In order to the Cure you must pare the Foot to discover the Sore and if you perceive that there is no Matter generated take out the bruised Sole but if the Matter be already gather'd let it out and dress the Sore like a Prick with a Nail If the Cure be seasonably attempted it will be quickly perfected but if you find that the Distemper has already gather'd strength you must have recourse to the Vulnerary Water the burning Balsam the Oils De Merveille and of Gabian To conclude the Cure depends on the evacuation of the Matter below the neglect of which might be attended with very troublesome Consequences CHAP. XCXI Of Scab'd Heels or Frush SOmetimes the Frush falls away by degrees by reason of an Eating Scab which pierces to the Quick and occasions so great an Itching that the Horse cannot walk without halting but these Sores are not so dangerous as they are troublesome and painful Before the Horse grows Lame his Feet stink of old rotten Cheese so that you may easily discover the nature of the Grief since 't is impossible to come into the Stable without perceiving the Smell And besides they beat the Ground from time to time with their Feet by reason of the intolerable Itching in those Parts To begin the Cure you must pare the Frush with your Buttress as near as you can then quench a sufficient quantity of unslak'd Lime in Vinegar strain out the Liquor boil it and throw it boiling hot on the Frush after which apply a Restringent Charge of Powder of unslak'd Lime mixt with the Second Water or the black Restringent made of Soot Vinegar and Whites of Eggs. The Countesses Ointment is very useful in this case for it performs the Cure in three or four Applications but the Dreâ—â—ing must be kept on with Splents If the Disease return after you have cleans'd the Sores apply the Neat-herds Ointment which will heal them tho' the Internal Cause can hardly be remov'd and besides the Horse may be let Blood in the Toe from time to time All the Ointments prescrib'd for running Sores or putrify'd Legs are also good in this case For Preservation you must often pare the Frush and rub the Place once or twice with the Second Water which will consume part of the Corruption and dry up the root of the Scabs so effectually that they will not break forth again for a long time after Then bathe the Part every Day with the following Water cold Take of Allom and white Vitriol of each a Pound and a half boil 'em in a Gallon of Water till it be reduc'd to two Quarts At last when you perceive the Itching gone melt Tarr or Black Pitch upon the Scabs and keep the Feet well pick'd and free from Dust or any other Ordure that might dry ' em The last nam'd Remedy is very effectual CHAP. C. Of the Crown-Scab THE Crown-Scab is a white or mealy Scurf caus'd by a burnt yellow and malignant Matter that breaks forth at the roots of the Hair where it sticks to the Skin and makes the Hair bristle and stare and at last Scalds it quite off You may distinguish the Nature of the Distemper by the bristling of the Hair on the Cronet and not unfrequently on the whole Pastern to the Joint The place is cover'd with a mealy Scurf and the Cronet swoll'n by the abundance of Humours that fall upon the Part. The most subtle Particles of those Humours exhaling thro' the Pores of the Skin harden into a kind of Salt that sticks to the Skin and produces the Scurf which usually appears on the Cronet There are two sorts of Crown-Scabs Some are dry without the least humidity and others are moist by reason of a stinking Water that Issues out of the Pores and communicates its stench and moisture to the Neighbouring Parts Besides at the beginning of the Foot under the Cronet the surface of the Hoof is crack'd and split by the driness and acrimony of the Humour contain'd in the Cronet from whence the Hoof receives its Nourishment But I shall have occasion to treat of this Distemper in that part of this Work that contains Instructions for the curing of Horses In the mean time it may be observ'd that it is neither painful nor makes 'em unfit for Travelling unless in
quantity of good White Tartar which is only the dry Lees of Wine that stick to the Bottom of the Cask burn it in an Earthen Pot surrounded with live Charcoal till the Pot grow red then suffer it to cool and reduce it to a Powder which in the Language of Art is call'd Powder of Calcin'd Tartar It drys all sorts of Wounds or Hurts in the Withers or any other part of the Body 't is good for a Weeping or Frothy Sole that cannot be dry'd with the usual Remedies When 't is apply'd to a Wound it raises a Scurf which must be so forc'd to fall away before the Application be renew'd Burn some Oister-Shells in the Fire till they grow perfectly white then take 'em out and after they are cold beat 'em to a very fine Powder which is an excellent and successful Remedy for Wounds and Scars because it is a true Sal Alkali separated entirely from all its Acid Particles by the Action of the Fire And therefore as soon as 't is apply'd to the Wounds it imbibes and sucks up as much of the Acid Juice or Humour as 't is capable of containing and so frees the Wound or Sore from the force of all the Disorders with which 't is attended such as Pain Inflammation Eating or Corroding of the Flesh Swelling and every thing else that obstructs the healing or closing of the Wound Thus Nature being deliver'd from her Enemy by the frequent Applications of the burnt or calcin'd Shells exerts all her Vigour for the speedy Cure of the Wound I know few Farriers that are capable of comprehending the force of this way of Reasoning since the most ingenious Persons of that Profession content themselves with judging of Causes by their Effects without penetrating further into the Nature of Distempers Those who are troubl'd with external Haemorrhoids or Piles may use this Powder with success applying it to the Tumours when they bleed mixt with fresh Butter or some other convenient Liniment for it destroys the Acid that occasions the Pain and Heat The Powder of calcin'd Muscel-Shells produces the same Effect if it be apply'd either to a Wound in Horses or Haemorrhoids in Men because it is a powerfull Alkali that absorbs all Acid Juices The Bones of a Cuttle-Fish that are every where to be found in Druggists Shops and commonly us'd by Goldsmiths for casting of Rings in a Mould are endu'd with almost the same Virtues for they contain an excellent Alkali that dries up all sorts of Wounds They are very brittle and may be easily reduc'd to a very fine Powder All sorts of Bones that are of a porous or less compact contexture if they be burnt till they are very white and easily reducible to Powder are of excellent use for the drying up of Wounds or Sores for they are fixt Alkali's separated from their respective Acids by calcination and immediately suck up the Acid contain'd in the Wound which is the only Sourse of all the Disorders that hinder the Cure CHAP. CIX Of Swellings or Wounds on the Reins or Back THE Hurts that affect this Part are almost as dangerous as the Wringing of the Withers and therefore as soon as you perceive a Swelling you must immediately lay hot Dung in a Bag to the Tumour and if it be not asswag'd in six Hours apply Whites of Eggs beaten and thickned with a piece of Allum according to the Directions prescrib'd for Hurts in the Withers If you cannot prevent Suppuration proceed as in the above-mention'd Case making a Passage to let out the whole Matter tho' you shou'd even open the Sore to the Bone and continue to dress it as you were taught before in the Cure of Wounds After you have pierc'd the Swelling with a hot Iron as for Hurts in the Withers draw out the Tents twice a Day syrenge the Holes with the Waters for Gun-shot-Wounds and besmear the Tents with the Duke's Ointment chafing the whole Tumour with the same Ointment and covering it with a Woolly Lamb-Skin to secure the Wound against the Injuries of the Air or Wind. But if the Swelling have no vent as it happens not unfrequently you cannot make a perfect Cure and therefore you must immediately make an Incision as in the Withers piercing to the Bottom of the Sore and taking away all the dead and rotten Flesh After you have wip'd off the Blood apply hot Embers to the Wound and the next Day wash it with warm Wine Urine or a convenient Lye renewing the Application of the hot Embers three or four times after the same manner and dressing the Wound like a Hurt in the Withers If the Tumour tend to Separation and cannot be dissolv'd the best way is to rub the lower part of it with a Retoire which opens the Swelling and draws forth a red Water and afterwards hastens the Generation of the Matter If the first Application of the Retoire increase the Tumour considerably there will be no need of a second But if the Swelling be not much augmented you most proceed to a second Application If you have no Retoire open the Swelling in the lower part with a red hot Iron if the Matter be already form'd If the Matter that runs out be bloody or only a red Water you may conclude that the Swelling is too soon open'd but if it be white the Sore will heal of it self and your only care must be to keep the Hole open and renew the Application of the red-hot Iron in case of Necessity We are oftentimes oblig'd if the Matter take up a large space to make several Holes with a red-hot Iron that we may have the Conveniency of thrusting a Tent from one Hole to another for the more speedy uniting of the Skin to the Flesh If the Matter that runs out be Black you have reason to fear a Gangrene and must immediately search the bottom of the Sore with your Probe for 't is a certain Sign that the Seat of the Matter is remote and the surest way is to make a large Incision to the bottom of the Sore with a Razor and so dip the Bolsters of Flax in the Vulnerary Water or Lime-Water with Sublimate stopping the Wound with Tents and anointing all the external parts of it with the Duke's Ointment If you perceive the Matter that runs out next Day to be very stinking 't is a sign of great Corruption and therefore you must cut away all the corrupt Flesh till it appear fair and clean strew the Sore with Salt and afterwards for the greater Security wash it with the Vulnerary Water or the Yellow-Water as before applying the Duke's Ointment about the Sore to all the parts from whence you suspect the Matter may come Afterwards when you perceive no more dead or rotten Flesh strew the inside of the Sore with Salt and apply a Detersive such as the Neat-herd's Ointment for Gauling or Aegyptiacum mixt with Aqua-fortis and when it begins to grow of a fair red Colour dress it with
a Horse in a Moment and finds so little Resistance that it comes very speedily to a Period It proceeds either from the Biting or Stinging of a venomous Creature from the Eating of poisonous Food or from the Infection of the Air which is sometimes so Violent and Contagious that it kills all the Horses in a Stable CHAP. CXXXV Of the Causes and Signs of a Fever FEvers are usually occasion'd by all those things that promote the Ebullition and Fermentation of the Humours and particularly every thing that heats the Body as violent Exercise and the use of hot Aliments especially in Summer to which we may add whatever is apt to breed Fulness or Repletion in the Body which oppresses Nature and renders her unable to subdue those rebellious Humours that stagnate in the Vessels where they are putrefy'd and fermented Sometimes a Fever proceeds from Obstructions in the excretory Passages especially those in the habit of the Body which are very numerous or by a stoppage of the free and natural Motion of the Blood that performs so many Rounds every Day passing from the Heart thro' the Arteries to the Veins and from thence returning to the Heart Thus if a Horse that is heated by hard Riding or any violent Exercise be suddenly expos'd to the cold Air or drink very cold Water the least tendency to a Fever will discover it self and actually break forth into a Distemper which perhaps lurk'd in his Body before And to conclude the least Disturbance in the natural Disposition of the Body is apt on some Occasions to produce a Fever The Signs of a Fever are these A violent Beating in the Flanks Heat of the Mouth Tongue and all the rest of the Body Swelling of the Veins and Beating of the Heart against the Sides The sick Horse breathes thick and with Difficulty reels frequently as he goes seldom lies down and when he is laid starts up suddenly because the Difficulty of Breathing is increas'd by that Posture forsakes his Meat entirely or eats only by Starts takes no notice of those who come near him nor turns his Head tho' you make a noise behind him Takes no care of himself and at last remains immoveable as if he were perfectly stupid and depriv'd of all his Senses His Lips and Ears hang down his Eyes seem sad and shining a sharp and piercing Heat is spread over all his Body and all the Symptoms of a violent Oppression of Nature appear I shall proceed to lay down some general Rules to be observ'd in the Cure of all Sorts of Fevers And first You must keep your Horse to a very spare Diet for if the Fever continue three Days without Intermission you may conclude that he is in extreme Danger and therefore he may well fast or at least be contented with a very small Quantity of Nourishment in so short a time and Hippocrates tells us in his Aphorisms That when a Disease is at the Height 't is absolutely necessary to observe a very thin Diet. Thus you may easily perceive the dangerous Errour of those who if a Horse be troubl'd with a Fever and fast twenty four Hours immediately give him Milk and Yolks of Eggs which is a very unwholsome kind of Nourishment in this Case and encreases the Distemper Besides it must be given with a Horn and the Violence of that Method of Feeding him augments the Difficulty of Breathing and disturbs him when he stands most in need of Rest You must therefore content your self with endeavouring to make him eat something of his own Accord for a small quantity of Nourishment given after this Manner will produce a better Effect than all that you can pour into his Mouth with a Horn. 'T is a Rule of great Importance in the Cure of Fevers never to exhibit a purging Medicine for in so great a Confusion of the Humors it 's impossible for Nature to evacuate those that offend her till she has separated 'em from the rest of the Mass and 't is plain that the Execution of so laborious a Work requires a considerable space of Time And besides the Operation of a purgative Medicine heats the Body and causes a Pain in the Guts which may not improbably breed an Inflammation 'T is also convenient to keep the sick Horse always bridl'd unless for so long time as must be necessarily allow'd him for Eating Of the Cure of a simple Fever If your Horse be troubl'd with a simple Fever you have no reason to dread the Event since the Cure may be easily and almost infallibly perform'd by a careful Observance of the following Method Assoon as you perceive any Signs of a Fever open the Neck-Vein on the right Side and take out about three Pounds of Blood The same Day give him the following Clyster A Clyster Boil two Ounces of Sal Polychrest and two Handfuls of whole Barley in three Quarts of Water and after one Waum add Blites Mercury Leaves of Violets and Pellitory of the Wall of each three Handfuls boil for the space of half a quarter of an Hour then remove the Decoction from the Fire and after 't is half cold strain out the Liquor and adding three Ounces of the Lenitive Electuary with a quarter of a Pound of Oil of Roses make a Clyster to be injected luke-warm An Hour after he has voided the Clyster tye a Chewing-Ball to his Bit and give him two Ounces of Powder of Liver of Antimony in a Quart of Beer or a Ptisan which may expel the Humours by Urine without heating the Body The next Day after rubb his whole Body with a Wisp of Straw or Hay to open the Pores of the Skin that the Steams or Excrements of the third Concoction may exhale which if they were suffer'd to remain in the Body wou'd oppress the Blood that stands in need of a free and unobstructed Motion His ordinary Drink may be thus prepar'd Melt four Ounces of Sal Prunellae in a sufficient quantity of Water and after 't is cold mix it with a little Flower and let your Horse drink as much as he pleases for this Drink allays the Heat of the Entrails resists Corruption and opens the Passages Besides it stops that Ebullition or Fermentation which is the usual Cause of all Fevers and evacuates the Humours by Urine which is the right Passage thro' which they shou'd be expell'd As for his Food you must give him Leaves of Succory Lettuce Dandelion or of Vines but little or no Hay and less Oats for either of these are apt to heat the Body constipate the Belly and harden the Excrements If you consider the short continuance of the Disease you will not be troubl'd at the small quantity of Nourishment that your Horse is allow'd to take If it last above three Days take Assa-faetida and Savin grossly beaten of each half an Ounce Sugar and Raspings of Liquorice of each an Ounce Tie 'em to the Bit in a Linnen Bag and make him champ upon it
four Ounces Benedicta Laxativa two Ounces or extracted Cassia three Ounces This Clyster evacuates the Impurities contain'd in the Intestines and comforts the superiour Parts You may also rub your Horse against the Hair to open the Pores and let out the Fuliginous Vapours contain'd under the Skin I have observ'd some Horses cur'd by the use of these Remedies and I have seen the same Medicines given to others without Success When the Fever continues three Days without intermission I lay aside the use of Remedies and immediately order the Horse to be thrown upon the Dunghil for I never observ'd in all my Practice that any Horse escap'd after that fatal Period tho' sometimes they linger out five or six Days longer because during the three Days of the uninterupted continuance of the Fever the Liver is quite burnt and consum'd by the violence of the Heat as it appears evidently by the Dissection of Horses that dye of a Fever CHAP. CXXXVII Of a Pestilential Fever THE Cure of this Fever is different from that of the last and is perform'd by strengthning Nature in correcting the malignity of the Poyson that causes the Disorder For the removal of the Cause is the most probable way to put an end to the Distemper For this purpose you must inject Clysters frequently and give repeated Doses of the Cordial Pills or the Electuary of Kermes observing almost the same Directions that are prescrib'd for the Cure of the Anticor I once observ'd a great Mortality of Horses in Germany few escaping that were once seiz'd with the Distemper Almost all of 'em voided a great quantity of Water at the Eyes they were troubl'd with a Fever and a strong Aversion to their Meat the tips of their Ears were cold and a certain yellow and greenish Matter dropt constantly from their Nose At first several Remedies were try'd in vain but at last I invented one that perform'd a great number of Cures As soon as the Disease appear'd the Horse was let Blood before he was suffer'd to Drink but if he had already Drunk the bleeding was delay'd till the next Day He was kept Bridl'd two or three Hours after then the following Remedy was exhibited after which he stood Bridl'd two Hours longer and a Man was order'd to walk him half an Hour Take new Treacle not above three Months old and Aloes Hepatica in Powder of each one Ounce Confection of Hyacinth and of Alkermes without Musk or Ambergreese of each half an Ounce dissolve 'em in a Decoction made with Scabious Carduus Benedictus and Speedwel of each a large handful 'T was observ'd that the Distill'd Waters of those Herbs when they cou'd be procur'd were more effectual than the Decoction The next and the following Days Clysters were Injected and if the violence of the Distemper did not abate the Remedy was repeated taking only one half of the prescrib'd Doses of the Treacle Aloes and Confections but the quantity of the Liquor was not lessen'd This Remedy cur'd all the Horses to whom it was exhibited but perhaps would not succeed so well on another occasion I order'd new Treacle to be us'd because that Medicine acquires a great deal of Heat by being long kept and all the cooling Virtue of the Opium that enters its Composition vanishes Mithridate Orvietan the Treacle Diatessaron the Electuary of Kermes the Confections of Hyacinth and Alkermes without Musk or Amber-greese are excellent Remedies against Pestilential Fevers as are also the Cordials describ'd above If the Disease be occasion'd by the Contagion of the Air as soon as you perceive your Stable to be infected remove instantly all your sound Horses without permiting 'em to enter into it again till you have perfum'd it with equal Parts of Sulphur and Salt-Petre and double quantities of Antimony and Pitch Or you may make an excellent Perfume by burning a Faggot of green Juniper-Wood the Doors and Windows being shut And you must also whiten the Walls wash the Rack and make the whole Stable clean For the biting of Venemous Beasts you may consult the Hundred and thirteenth Chapter If your Horse has swallow'd Poyson make him drink a great quantity of Oil and give him Orvietan Treacle or the Electuary of Kermes and the Cordial Pills are also proper in this case When a Horse happens to swallow Arsenic if his Stomach be void 't is impossible to prevent his Death if he be not assisted in less than an Hour for during that time the Arsenic is able to burn and utterly consume the Part to which it sticks The only Remedy in this case is to make him Drink two Pounds of good Oil-Olive to blunt and deaden the Acrimony of the Arsenic and two or three Hours after give him another Pound of the same Oil. Of the Method to be observ'd after a Horse's Recovery from a Fever When a Fever actually prevails you must not exhibit a Purgative Remedy for that wou'd be a no less preposterous attempt than if you shou'd endeavour to separate the Lees from the Wine during its Fermentation There are only two cases in which a Purging Remedy can be administer'd with safety or success in a Fever In the first place it may be given for the evacuation of corrupt Humours floating in the Stomach and Guts and it must be acknowledg'd that the removal of those Humours wou'd be advantagious to the Horse But since they are not the cause of the Disease that advantage wou'd be very inconsiderable with respect to the damage which Nature cou'd not avoid receiving by the heat and acrimony of the Remedy and by the violent and unusual Motion excited by it The other case in which Purgation is not only useful but necessary is when Nature after the agitation of the Humours during the Fever separates the corrupt from the pure Humours for she is often so weaken'd and render'd so lazy by the violence of her late Conflict that she contents her self with the Victory she has gain'd and is either unable or unwilling to attempt the utter overthrow and expulsion of her Enemy who seems to be perfectly quieted but may afterwards return to the assault with a more dangerous Fury than before As soon therefore as you perceive a remission or cessation of Arms you must take hold of that occasion to assist Nature to compleat the ruine of her Adversary 'T is true Purgatives are repugnant rather than agreeable to Nature but 't is certain she receives an accidental benefit by 'em for when they are in the Body they irritate and offend he Parts thro' which they pass and Nature perceiving those new Commotions endeavours to expel the cause of 'em and in the struggle drives forth the remainders of the Humours that not long before had almost overwhelm'd her as if the Operation of the Medicine had rouz'd her and put her in mind of her Duty You must not wait for the Marks of the Concoction and separation of the Humours from the Urine or Excrements of
Body and is originally occasion'd not by the acid and frequently malignant Corruption of all the Humours but by the Poyson that infects the principal Humour or the Blood and therefore the malignity of the Humours is only the effect of the Poyson that causes the disorders in the Blood The radical and methodical Cure of this Distemper is perform'd by removing the cause of it that is by purifying and sweetning the Blood in order to which I shall propose several Remedies Van Helmont says that the French Pox had its Original from the Farcin in Horses and 't is generally agreed that in the Cure of that Distemper the Malignity of its Poison must be destroy'd and the Blood afterwards purify'd and rectify'd after which all the Symptoms disappear The same may be apply'd to the Farcin When the Farcin is inveterate or of long continuance the Blood being utterly corrupted by the Poison that is lodg'd in it acquires so virulent an Acrimony that it ulcerates the Lungs or the Liver by its excessive Heat and Malignity For when the Blood returns from the Brain according to the establish'd Laws of its Circulation to the Right Ventricle of the Heart it passes from thence by the Vena Arteriosa to the Lungs which consisting of a spongy foul and moist Substance are heated by the sharp Spirits contain'd in the deprav'd Blood This preternatural Heat occasions a Corruption of the weakest Parts and afterwards an Ulcer which at last destroys and consumes the whole Substance of the Lungs You may be easily convinc'd of the Truth of this Hypothesis by opening the Body of a Horse whose Death is occasion'd by an inveterate Farcin for you will find the Lungs wholly putrefy'd and full of Ulcers caus'd by the hot and corrupt Blood which also vitiates and ulcerates the Liver 'T is plain then that the Cure depends chiefly on the Cooling of the Blood and the utter Destruction of that Poison which causes the Farcin and all its loathsome Symptoms For a brief Explanation of the Nature of that Poison 't will be sufficient to tell you that 't is a venomous Steam or certain corrupt Spirits which penetrate the Parts of a Horse's Body as the Light of the Sun passes thro' a Glass These Spirits are a sort of Ferment that breeds Corruption in whatsoever part they attack And 't is to be observ'd that this Poison can never be destroy'd by purgative Medicines without the Use of Specifics This Disease is sometimes communicated by Contagion from an infected Horse 't is also occasion'd by eating too great a quantity of especially new Oats or new Hay before 't is purg'd by evaporating its superfluous Moisture which usually happens about two Months after 't is put up in Stacks or in a Barn Violent Exercise in hot Weather and even once hard Riding Hurts or Wounds made with a foul or Cancerous Iron-Instrument such as Spurs Bits c. and the too great Abundance of Blood may also cause this Distemper It proceeds not unfrequently from a preposterous and too hasty Diligence in fattening tyr'd lean and over-heated Horses for too great Abundance of Nourishment breeds the Farcin unless it be prevented by moderate Exercise and often-repeated Bleeding The most dangerous and stubborn Kind of Farcin is that which is accompany'd with a Running at the Nose for assoon as you perceive that Symptom you may conclude that your Horse's Death approaches especially if his Appetite be lost and the Matter that runs out be mixt with Blood The Number of those which escape is so small that all Horses in this Condition may be given over for desperate unless the Running at the Nose proceed from the Strangles and even in that Case the Disease is usually fatal The Cure is very difficult when the Farcin appears first on the hinder Legs near the Pastern or on the Fetlock-Joint and even in the Hough ascending along the Thigh for it is a Sign of the Violence of the Infection and Weakness of the Natural Heat when the Farcin-Knots appear in the extreme Parts of the Body at so great a distance from the Heart even as the Gout is more troublesome when it makes its first Attack near the Toe or Ankle-Bone than when it begins nearer the Heart When the Knots cannot be brought to Suppuration but instead of Matter thrust forth a piece of reddish brown Flesh which grows very fast and can neither be extirpated by Burning nor Caustic Ointments the Cure is also very difficult and even impossible without the Help of powerful Remedies to destroy the inward Poison The Farcins that are brought from the Camp are very rarely cur'd because the Blood is wholly corrupted by violent or unseasonable Exercises and by the Defect or Excess of Nourishment which very often is rotten and unwholsome The Farcin that begins to appear during the Increase of the Moon is stubborn and less easily cureable than that which begins in the Wane when the Humours are weaker and less abundant and the same Observation may be apply'd to the Glanders and Quitter-bone The Farcin in the Head is the least dangerous and most easily cur'd of all other Kinds of that Distemper unless when there is a Knot or Kernel between the two Jaw-bones which is usually nourish'd by a certain Flegmatic Matter that comes from the Lungs thro' the Wind-Pipe for these Kernels can hardly be dissolv'd in less than three or four Months and in the mean time the Horse is in danger of falling into the Glanders You may conclude that the Cure will be difficult when the Thighs are much swoll'n when there are hard Knots on the Sheath or when the Swellings break and instead of Matter put forth a piece of blackish Flesh like a Hen's Fundament but the most dangerous and hardly curable Kind of Farcin is when the Horse is naturally of a squeamish and tender Stomach for 't is impossible to give him the Remedies that are necessary for the Cure without destroying his Appetite When the Knot that appears first is heal'd the Horse is usually in a way of Recovery tho' at the same time there be several other Knots in his Body But this is not an infallible Rule The Farcin is call'd by the Italians Verme and by the Germans Wurme because it seems to gnaw and bite between the Flesh and Skin as Worms gnaw the Bark of a Tree It may be easily known by the Knots and Cords that run along the Veins and are spread over the whole Body 'T is also discover'd by Tumours and Ulcers and assoon as you perceive an ulceratted Swelling in the Emunctories which are Kernels situated between the Jaws and the Neck and on the Breast and Thighs near the Cods and design'd by Nature to receive the Impurities of the Body and the Defluxions that fall upon those Parts you may conclude that your Horse is troubl'd with the Farcin which is more or less dangerous according to the degrees of the Ulceration and the sticking of the Kernels to the
Flesh for if it be seated only in the Substance of the Hide and may be easily mov'd with your Fingers it may be cur'd without much Difficulty before it break the Skin In the Cure of the Farcin one of the most promising Signs of a speedy Recovery is when the Cords or Knots grow loose and moveable and therefore such as are naturally loose may be quickly cur'd with a very moderate degree of Care Horses that are troubl'd with the Farcin are usually brisk and lively they eat and drink as when they were in Health and discover not the least Sign of Sickness by their Actions they are as capable of enduring Labour or Travel as ever and even moderate Exercise promotes the Cure by dissipating and expelling part of the Humour that causes the Disease Some reckon up seven and others eight Sorts of this Distemper but I shall only divide it into four Kinds to which all the rest may be reduc'd The Flying Farcin This Kind of Farcin is known by certain Knots that are spread over the whole Body appearing sometimes in one place and sometimes in another and resembling the little Swellings call'd Corns in Men. 'T is call'd the Flying Farcin because it quickly over-runs those Parts that seem'd not to be infected with it before 'T is easily cur'd because it has not a fixt Seat or Root in the Emunctories The Corded Farcin The second Sort of Farcin is accompany'd with hard Swellings resembling the Ropes or Strings that run between the Flesh and the Skin along the Veins especially those of the Thighs Neck and Brisket and along the Belly These Cords are beset with Tumours or Knots which break forth into Ulcers and cast out Matter and the Colour of the Lips of these Ulcers is different according to the Variety of the corrupted Humours If the Blood predominate they are Red if it degenerate into Choler by reason of the Defect of the Liver in separating the Bile from the Mass of Humours they appear yellow if Flegm abound they are White and if there be a Redundancy of burnt black and melancholic Humours they are of a blackish Colour which is the most dangerous of all the four Cases The Farcin resembling a Hen's Fundament This is a very dangerous Farcin and difficult to be cur'd 'T is known by great Tumours or Bunches which break the Skin without voiding any Matter The Lips of the Ulcer are almost always callous and foul and of a Reddish-black Colour which is a Sign of burnt and melancholic Blood It takes its Name from the Resemblance of its Figure The internal Farcin In this Kind the Knots are seated between the Flesh and the Skin without any visible external Swelling they resemble Corns and fasten the Flesh to the Skin If the Cure be not timely begun the Disease enters into the Body and infecting the inward Parts kills the Horse Sometime the Knots are fasten'd to the inside of the Skin only and are not rooted in the Flesh they appear usually on the fore-part of the Breast and are very easily cur'd CHAP. CXL Remedies for the Farcin TO proceed methodically in the Cure of this Disease you must begin with inward Medicines before you proceed to external Applications for 't wou'd be to no Purpose to extirpate the Tumours and dry up the Ulcers while the Cause remains still in the Body and after such a fallacious and barely palliative Cure the Disease wou'd return with equal or perhaps greater Violence than before And therefore you must endeavour with all possible Diligence to correct the Acrimony of the Humours destroy the Poison that causes the preternatural Heat evacuate or extirpate all the Corruption and fortifie Nature that she may be in a Condition to execute her wonted Functions with Vigour and Alacrity 'T is the usual Custom to cure this Distemper by applying certain Roots to the Forehead putting Remedies in the Ears or hanging 'em in Bags at the Mane But tho' these Applications may stop the Course of the Humours for some time they are absolutely incapable of draining the Source of 'em and since the Farcin is usually occasion'd by corrupt and over-heated Blood the Horses that are cur'd by these Remedies are afterwards render'd obnoxious to more dangerous Distempers for this way of Curing the Farcin is not unlike to the Method of Curing Quartan Fevers with the Peruvian Bark or Jesuits Powder which only fixes the Spirits that cause the Distemper without consuming or evacuating 'em and the Fever certainly returns if the Ferment or Humour be not expell'd by convenient Purgatives The same may be said of the Farcin for those palliative Remedies perform a seeming Cure but the Corruption and poisonous Cause of the Distemper remain and afterwards degenerate to Scabs or Scratches on the Sinews or Cronet Glanders Pursiveness and several other Diseases that are more difficult to be cur'd than the Farcin it self Others apply Caustic Ointments to extirpate the foul and corrupt Flesh but tho' I have observ'd this Method to be sometimes successful as I shall afterwards shew in two Remarkable Instances I cannot be perswaded to believe that this is the true Cure of the Farcin since it reaches not the Cause of the Distemper It requires a stronger Faith to believe that a triffing Medicine put into the Ear or hung at the Mane is able to root out an inveterate Farcin than that the Sympathetic Powder cures Wounds without immediate Application And since there are not many who give Credit to the boasted Effects of that Powder I know no reason why we shou'd be oblig'd to believe the more incredible Efficacy of these Applications for the Farcin If it be objected That daily Experience confutes my Opinion and that Horses are frequently cur'd with Bags hung at the Mane or Tail and such like Toys I shall not scruple to confess that I have cur'd some Horses by the same Method But I must beg leave to continue still in my former Perswasion That this is not a true Cure since the Cause is not remov'd and the Blood remains still hot and corrupted 'T is true the Humour that fomented the Disease is diverted and as it were laid asleep for some time but it will quickly take another course and perhaps occasion greater Disorders For the Poyson is not destroy'd which besides the above-mention'd Disease may breed some internal Abscess Cramps Gout and other Distempers or putrefie and ulcerate the Lungs If when the course of the Humour is diverted and a stop put to the external malignity of the Farcin by those palliative Remedies due care were taken to attack or destroy the venemous cause of the Disease with some good specific Remedy by purifying the Blood and powerfully expelling the corrupt Humours the Cure would certainly succeed But then it must be acknowleg'd that those pretended sympathetic Remedies are altogether useless since the work is perform'd without their assistance For if the noxious Humours be evacuated and the Blood purify'd all the symptoms of
you think fit but whether you purge or not you must begin with Bleeding Then Take Sarsaparilla and China-Roots cut small of each three Ounces Roots of Avens two Ounces Leaves of Agrimony two large handfuls Scordium a handful and a half boil 'em gently in four Quarts of Water to a Quart and a half in a cover'd Vessel then strain and adding a Pint of White-Wine make a Decoction for five Doses to be given five Mornings together adding to every Dose an ordinary Glass-full of Urine Substance in the Top and in the Neck of the Vial. Thus you have a sweet Sublimate which if it be rightly prepar'd will not discover the least Acrimony when you touch it with your Tongue for all the sharp and biting Salts that made the first Sublimate corrosive are evaporated thro' the Neck of the Vial which must be always kept open during the Sublimation and even part of the first Corrosive Sublimate is carry'd off with the Salts so that there remains only the sweet Sublimate or Mercury which may be kept for several Uses 'T is to be observ'd that all the Preparations of Mercury may be reviv'd and restor'd to their natural Form and Fluidity with Filings of Steel or unslak'd Lime which by the Assistance of the Fire attract and retain all the Spirits that kept the Mercury in a manner imprison'd in so many various Forms according to the Diversity of the Preparations for several Uses Thus Cinnabar which is only Mercury sublim'd with Sulphur may be reduc'd to fluid Quick-silver with Filings of Steel and the same may be said of all the other Preparations of Mercury such as the Precipitates Turbith Mineral c. CHAP. CXLIV Remedies for the Farcin that resembles a Hen's Fundament THE Humour that foments this Kind of Farcin partakes so much of Melancholy that the Knots are seldom or never brought to Suppuration sending forth a sort of foul and proud Flesh that can hardly be curb'd or extirpated by Remedies The Difficulty of the Cure ought to heighten our Diligence and convince us of the Necessity of using the most potent Remedies to expel the Cause of the Distemper such as these that follow Since black Hellebore is one of the principal and most effectual Remedies for the Cure of this Disease great Care shou'd be taken to correct its ill Qualities by an exact Preparation Take a sufficient quantity of the Roots of true black Hellebore wash'd and dry'd infuse 'em twenty four Hours in Vinegar of Roses and throwing away the Vinegar dry the Roots at a very gentle Fire Pills for the Farcin Take Sena Leaves and Salt of Tartar of each an Ounce Turbith Aloes and Mercurius dulcis of each half an Ounce black Hellebore prepar'd three Drams Rhubarb two Drams Ginger and Nutmegs of each a Dram and a half Anniseed and Fennelseed of each half a Dram Beat all the Ingredients to a gross Powder and with a Pound of fresh Butter make 'em up into Pills keep your Horse bridl'd six Hours before and as long after and assoon as he has taken the Pills walk him gently for the space of half an Hour well cover'd Note That you must bleed your Horse the day before you give him the Pills You may purge a Horse for the Farcin with two Ounces of the Catholic or Imperial Pills of Fernelius mix'd with half an Ounce of Mercurius dulcis made up into one or two Pills and exhibited in a Pint of White-Wine As soon as you perceive that your Horse has recover'd a good Appetite and that the Operation of the Purgative is over give him the following Ptisan CHAP. CXLV The German Ptisan for the Cure of the Farcin TAke the dry Roots of Angelica Gentian Valerian Avens round Birthwort and Marsh-Mallows of each an Ounce and a half or a double quantity of the green Roots Leaves of Agrimony two Handfuls Beat the Roots grossly boil all the Ingredients in a close-cover'd Pot in three Quarts of Water to the Consumption of one half Then press out the Liquor thro' a Linnen-Cloth and add to the Straining before it grow cold half an Ounce of Juice of Liquorice and White Wine an equal quantity to the whole Decoction and afterwards add two Pugils of Oriental Saffron in Powder Three Days after the Purgation when the Evacuation is over and the Horse's Appetite restor'd let him stand bridl'd from Five a Clock in the Morning to Eight then give him the fifth Part of the Decoction keeping him bridl'd three Hours after Repeat the Decoction after the same Manner for five Days together If his Appetite be not fully restor'd in the limited time after the Purgation you must wait four five or six Days till you are convinc'd that he feeds as heartily as he did before you gave him the purging Medicine During the time of his taking the Decoction if the Weather be not too hot walk him gently half an Hour every Day after Dinner These five Doses of the Decoction are usually sufficient for perfecting the Cure without any other Remedy and the Cords Knots and Tumours are heal'd and dry'd up Moderate Exercise is convenient in the beginning but afterwards you may travel him as if he were perfectly sound If you perceive new Knots to arise at the first New Moon you may conclude that the Disease is not perfectly extirpated and therefore you must prepare and exhibit the Ptisan as before but without Bleeding or Purging If the Tumours break forth again the Case is altogether desperate for it has been frequently observ'd that when the Farcin is inveterate and has long resisted the Efficacy of the best Remedies especially when corrupt Flesh breaks out of the Tumours instead of Matter that the Malignity of the burnt and corrupted Blood has so heated the Substance of the Lungs that there are Ulcers generated in several parts of 'em And therefore since 't is impossible to restore a consum'd Part those Ulcers that waste the Lungs are the infallible Messengers of Death The Truth of this Observation is confirm'd beyond Contradiction by the Diffections of those Horses that die of the Farcin for their Lungs are almost always found to be corrupted and putrefy'd and sometimes the Liver is over-spread with Ulcers and part of it wasted and turn'd to Putrefaction Now I wou'd willingly know of those confident Pretenders to infallible Secrets for the Farcin whether their Remedies are able to restore a rotten and wasted Liver If not 't is in vain to expect the Horse's Recovery for the putrefy'd Liver will still continue to vitiate the Blood and hinder the Cure of the Farcin which is occasion'd by the Corruption of the Blood How ridiculously do those Boasters betray their Ignorance for want of Experience Since all that the most skilful and expert Farrier can promise in this Case is That he will cure the Farcin if it be curable for sometimes the Liver is ulcerated at the first Appearance of the Distemper and is the very Cause of the Disease in
of an internal Heat This Distemper sometimes precedes a Cough The following Remedy is very effectual in this Case and generally useful for all over-heated Horses In the first place you may give your Horse the Cinnabar-Pills observing the necessary Directions But if those prove ineffectual prepare the following Medicine Put half a Pound of calcin'd Roch-Allom into a Matrass or long-neckt Vial with a Quart of distill'd Vinegar digest on hot Ashes till the Allom be dissolv'd after which strain the Vinegar thro' a double Cloth or brown Paper Then boil away the third Part in an Earthen Pot and afterwards set it in a cool Cellar where it will congeal into Crystals about the Sides of the Pot. Pour off the remaining Vinegar and having evaporated one half set it in a Cellar to crystallize as before Then mix these Crystals with the former and dry 'em carefully When you have occasion to cool your Horse's Body take these Crystals of Allom Sal Prunellae and Juniper-Berries of each half an Ounce beat 'em to Powder and having infus'd 'em in a Quart of White Wine during the space of a Night make your Horse drink the Infusion in the Morning keeping him bridl'd two Hours before and as long after Continue after the same Manner unless the Horse forsake his Meat for in that Case you must discontinue the Use of the Remedy and even lay it aside entirely if you perceive that his Appetite is quite lost and his Hair begins to stare For these are evident Signs that he stands not in need of cooling Medicines The best way to cool or refresh the Body of a Horse when his Stomach is injur'd by the above-mention'd Remedy is to purifie his Blood with the Liver of Antimony or some other convenient Medicine I might take this Occasion to confute the vulgar Mistakes concerning the Method of administring cooling Medicines to Horses but to avoid Repetitions I shall content my self with referring the Reader to what has been already said on that Subject and conclude this Chapter with the Case of a Horse that without the least Appearance of a Scab was tormented with a violent and almost incredible Itching in his Hide I order'd him to be let Blood twice and made him eat above six Pounds of Polychrest in moisten'd Bran giving him a Handful every Day without weighing the Doses His Stomach was not in the least disorder'd but he had so great a Looseness for twenty Days that his Excrements were as liquid as Cows Dung In the mean time I continu'd the Use of the Sal Polychrest till his Dung was reduc'd to its natural Thickness after which he was bath'd in a River and the Mange was cur'd without any external Application CHAP. CLII. Of Molten-Grease 'T IS the general Opinion of Farriers and consequently of most other Men who believe that their Authority has the Force of an Argument in a Case relating to the Art they profess that this Distemper is occasion'd by violent Exercise which over-heats the Horse to such a degree that his Fat which they also suppose to be redundant is melted in his Body and stifles him But this is a very ill-grounded Hypothesis for if you consider attentively the Causes and Symptoms of this Disease you will find your self oblig'd to conclude that it proceeds from tough and slimy Humours agitated and fermented by a sharp and subtle sort of Choler so that being extremely rarefy'd they break out of the Places where they were lodg'd by Nature and over-running the whole Body according to the Operation of Leven upon Bread ferment the rest of the Humours which being agitated and put into Motion disorder the Oeconomy of Nature emit Vapours that disturb the Brain excite a Fever by reason of the violent Agitation of the Spirits and at last by a provident struggle of Nature in order to the final Evacuation of at least part of those Humours that oppress her they are driven into the great Gut where they are mix'd with the Dung and give us occasion to judge that the Horse is troubl'd with the Disease commonly call'd Molten-Grease Fat Horses are most subject to this Distemper which is usually occasion'd by Repletion or Fulness For the Choler being agitated by violent Exercise and meeting with a Body full of Humours produces the above-mention'd Disorders 'T is a very hard Task to know but more difficult to cure this Distemper I saw a Horse that di'd after two Days Illness without giving the least Sign to help us to the Knowledge of his Disease 'T is true if the Horse be suffer'd to rest after his Grease is molten the Symptom will be more apparent The sick Horse usually forsakes his Meat lies down and rises again suddenly and looks upon his Flanks but the surest way to discover the Nature of the Disease is by putting your Hand into his Fundament for if the Excrements you draw forth be cover'd with a whitish Membrane or Film in some measure resembling Grease you may certainly conclude that his Grease is molten and proceed immediately to the Application of convenient Remedies I attempted and successfully perform'd the Cure of a Horse who was troubl'd with this Distemper in so violent a Degree that the slimy Humour he voided after the Injection of a Clyster continu'd to boil and ferment on the Floor for a very considerable time Of the Cure of Molten-Grease in the Beginning Assoon as you perceive the least Cause to suspect that your Horse's Grease is molten anoint your Hand and Arm with fresh Butter and put it into his Fundament drawing forth not only the Dung but all the slimy Humours After you have rak'd him carefully let him blood in the Neck and half an Hour after give him a Clyster made by dissolving two Ounces of Benedicta Laxativa one Ounce of Sal Gemmae or Sal Polychrest or the Scoriae of Liver of Antimony and a quarter of a Pound of Honey of Violets in two Quarts of the common Decoction adding Emetic Wine and the Urine of a sound Man of each a Pint. Then walk your Horse gently for half an Hour to provoke him to void the Clyster When the Clyster leaves off Working that is about an Hour after the injecting of it give him about half a Pint of the Juice of Housleek which is a Herb that grows on the Walls and resembles little Artichoaks mixt with a Pint of White Wine walking him gently for the space of an Hour This Juice stops the Ebullition of the Humours allays the Heat of the inward Parts and both cleanses and heals the Body if it be seasonably administer'd Afterwards you may repeat the former or some other convenient Clyster and by all means endeavour to restore your Horse's Appetite according to the Method prescrib'd in the sixth and following Chapters You may easily try an Experiment which is said to cure this Distemper effectually by giving your Horse the Blood of a Sheep warm as it comes out of the Vein I can only recommend
to be rubb'd with his own Blood mixt with Brandy boiling Oil of Bay to be pour'd into his Feet and the same to be apply'd moderately hot about the Cronet with Flax and a Bandage Half an Hour after the Bleeding give him two stinking Pills with a Quart of Wine or of Beer if it be in the Summer repeating the same Dose an Hour after and the third time after a like Interval An Hour after the last Dose I prescribe a Clyster of a Decoction of the Scoriae of Liver of Antimony or Sal Polychrest in Beer or Whey and after he has voided the Clyster suffer him to eat and drink littering him well without permitting him to lie down till he be out of Danger When the Pills are given in the Morning the Horse is usually cur'd before Night if not I give him three Doses as before the next Day repeating the Clysters and renewing the Application of Oil of Bay I continue after the same manner till the Horse be completely cur'd and I have even given to some Horses thirty Pills in four Days After a violent Foundering there remains a certain Numness Stiffness and Uweildiness which may be remov'd by walking the Horse gently and injecting two or three Clysters with Scoriae of Liver of Antimony or Sal Polychrest every Day but those Horses are apt to be founder'd by the least Excess 'T is to be obferv'd that the Horse must not be suffer'd to eat Corn for some time after the Cure of this Distemper till he be completely recover'd for the Eating of Oats has oftentimes occasion'd Relapses into a worse Condition than before It will perhaps be expected that I shou'd give a Reason why I order the Horses to be well litter'd when they are not suffer'd to lie down and therefore for the satisfaction of those who may think that Caution needless it will not be improper to put them in mind that the Littering keeps the Horse's Feet warm in Winter and easie both in Winter and Summer And as for the other Circumstance I suffer the sick Horse to lie down assoon as I perceive any considerable Amendment which happens sometimes in less than six Hours but if the Cure proceed more slowly as it usually doeâ— when the Foundering is inveterate or accompany'd with a Fever I keep him from lying down for the space of eight and forty Hours after which that Posture cannot obstruct the Cure If I shou'd ask now of the Generality of Farriers why they put Faggots between Horse's Legs they cou'd only tell me that they have seen others do so before But this Custom is no less observ'd than that of tying Garters about the Legs I shall take this Occasion to mention another Abuse which is usually committed in the Cure of the Distempers for by Bleeding the Horse in the Veins of the Thighs the Humour that Causes the Foundering is drawn to the affected Part instead of being diverted from it whereas the Diversion is effectually perform'd by Bleeding in the Neck Those who let the Horse blood in the Toe are guilty of a more dangerous Errour for they draw the Humour to the Foot from whence it ought to be diverted by all possible Means such as the Application of Oil of Bay Hog's Dung c. Of another kind of Foundering that resembles a Swaying of the Back Sometimes while a Horse remains in the Stable without any preceding Travel or Labour he is seiz'd with a certain Rheumatism which falls so violently upon his Reins or the lower part of his Back that he can hardly draw his Hips after him and when he goes his hinder Parts reel as if his Back was broken he falls upon his Buttocks and crosses his hinder Legs Some Horses in this Case touch the Ground with their Pastern-Joints behind but are neither apt to fall on their Buttocks nor are troubl'd with a rolling of their hinder Parts This Infirmity is of the same Nature with Foundering and proceeds from the same Causes For the Humour falls upon the Back Hips and sometimes on the Pastern-Joints behind while the fore Parts are almost perfectly found Such Horses as have been already Founder'd are more subject to this Distemper than others and are sometimes surpriz'd with it as they walk only at a Foot-Pace without being heated in the least But these Accidents are very rare and Horses are usually taken with this Infirmity in the Stable without any preceding Labour The surest Way is to begin the Cure as soon as may be for if the Disease be suffer'd to get ground or take root it will not yield to the best Medicines and tho' the Horse continue to eat and drink heartily he will remain irrecoverably infirm and incapable of performing the least Service I have seen several Horses whom their Masters were oblig'd to kill after they had in vain spent several Months in the Cure and therefore as soon as you perceive that the Horse cannot walk without drawing his hinder Parts after him and crossing his hinder Legs and that he is always ready to fall upon his Buttocks you must immediately take about three Pounds of Blood out of his Neck-Veins and charge his Back with his own Blood mixt with Brandy Half an Hour after give him a Dose of the stinking Pills with a Pint and a half of Wine repeating the Dose after the same manner as in the Cure of Foundering and injecting a Clyster an Hour after the last Dose after which let him stand two Hours bridl'd and the Cure will be perfected provided it be seasonably begun Give him moisten'd Bran for five or six Days without any Oats walking him every Day in your Hand and observe the same Directions as in the former Case If one Day be not sufficient to perfect the Cure the next Day you must repeat the three Doses of Pills and the Clyster as before I saw a Horse that was cur'd of a dangerous Stavers who by the falling of the Disease upon the Back and hinder Parts was seiz'd with the above-mention'd Symptoms for he walk'd as if his Back had been broken and his Pastern-Joints touch'd the Ground The Farrier that cur'd him of the Stavers imagining that his Back was sway'd thought sit to give the Fire and made several Holes in his Skin all over the lower part of the Back which he cover'd with a Plaister and then hung him up from the Ground leaving him in that Posture till the Scabbs fell off after which unhanging him and not finding the least Amendment I was call'd to his Assistance and having order'd the Horse to be let blood gave him three Doses of the stinking Pills but in vain for he was irrecoverably lost and after he had liv'd about a Year in the Stable unfit for any manner of Service they were at last forc'd to dispatch him I dare not confidently affirm tho' I may venture to say with a perhaps that he might have been cur'd if the Pills had been given assoon as the Distemper seiz'd his Back
and hinder Parts To conclude This is a very dangerous Disease and even incurable if it be suffer'd to fix and take Root But the Danger may be prevented by a timely Application of Remedies CHAP. CLV Of Pains in the Feet after Foundering THE Pains that frequently remain after Foundering hinder the Horse from walking steadily and from setting his Foot flat upon the Ground for he treads only upon his Heel to ease the Toe The Humour that caus'd the Foundering falling down from the Leg slides between the Bone of the Foot and the Hoof and the natural Heat being as it were stifl'd by the sharp Humour the fore-part of the Foot is depriv'd of its appointed share of Nourishment and consequently is hardend dry'd and weaken'd The End of the Bone next the Toe falls down upon the Sole and shrinks so that it must necessarily be separated from the sound Part of the Bone This Separation is not the Work of one Day but notwithstanding the extreme Difficulty which attends it it may be at last happily perfected if Nature who is the best Judge of the Time and most skilful Performer of the Operation be assisted by a seasonable and regular Observance of the following Method If your Horse tread only on his Heels so that you have reason to conclude that that the fore-part of the Foot is wither'd or dry'd up and if you perceive its Hollowness by knocking upon the Hoof pluck off the Shooe and having par'd the Foot a little set on a Pantofle-Shooe such as you will find explain'd in the Chapter that treats of the Shooing of Horses that have Narrow Heels and apply the following Remedy Note That when you shooe a Horse in this Condition you must always leave the Sole as firm as may be for the Success of the Cure depends chiefly upon that and on the falling away of the dry part of the Bone which may be also promoted by the use of the following Decoction or Broth. If your Horse be troubl'd with Pains in his Feet without any Sign of the Dryness or Separation of the Bone you must only pare the Feet set on very easie Shooes and apply the following Broth. A Broth or Decoction for Pains in the Feet remaining after Foundering Take Brandy a Quart strong Vinegar a Pint and a half Oil of Bay a Pound Add a sufficient quantity of Bean-Flower and boil to the Consistency of a thick Broth stirring it perpetually over a gentle Fire Then pour it boiling hot into the Foot laying on Tow and Splints to keep it in and apply the same Broth assoon as you can endure to touch it with your Hand to the Cronet with Tow. Renew the Application thrice every twenty four Hours and if the Pain be not very inveterate the Horse will certainly recover If the fore-part of the Bone of the Foot be dry'd and fall down upon the Sole 't will be very convenient to take up the Pastern-Veins after the Application of the Broth that the Humour which is carry'd to the Foot with the Blood may be the sooner exhausted besides several other Reasons already intimated If the Foot be so extremely shrunk and dry'd up that the Horse cannot go nor almost stand you must take out the Sole and sear the End of the Bone of the Foot suffering it to fall quite away after which the Sole will grow again and the Horse may recover if you set on a Pantofle-Shooe and give the Foot time to gather strength but you must never expect that it will be good handsome or fit for Service CHAP. CLVI Of the Mange Itch or Running-Scab THis is a Disease of the Skin which makes the Hair peel and fall away and the Hide grow thick hard dry rough and even wrinkl'd in several Places Vegetius in the seventy first Chapter of the third Book of his Ars Veterinaria defines it in these Words The Scab or Mange is a loathsome and unseemly Distemper of Cattle But this is no true Definition since it explains not the Nature of the Thing defin'd Unwholsome Nourishment may occasion this Distemper which proceeds from a sharp burnt and salt Humour that is from an Acid full of sharp and corrosive Spirits and Salts The same Acid may be generated by Hunger and Fatigues and by keeping company with mangy Horses It may also be communicated to those Horses that are rubb'd with the same Curry-Combs and Brushes or Dusting-Cloths that were formerly made use of for Horses infected with this Distemper and to conclude The Mange may be an Effect of the Carelesness of the Groom in dressing his Horse or of the Neglect of seasonable Bleeding We may conclude that a Horse is troubl'd with the Mange when he rubs one part of his Body more than the rest as for Example his Joints Legs Tail and Mane in which Case you must feel the Part and if you perceive that the Hide is thicker than usually 't is a Sign that your Horse is Mangy Sometimes this Distemper is universal but for the most part it comes by degrees and appears sometimes in one Part and sometimes in another This Disease may be divided into two Kinds the dry and ulcerated Mange In the first there appears nothing upon the Skin but a sort of mealy Scales which make the Hair fall quite away The Cure is extremely difficult and usually the Cause is either Cold or Hunger The other Kind breaks out into little Swellings and Scurfs which being separated the Part remains sore and raw This is more easily cur'd than the former Kind unless when 't is seated in the Mane or Tail where it sticks very fast and can hardly be rooted out because the Hide in these Parts is so thick that the strongest Remedies can scarce force their Passage thro' it Both Kinds are cur'd with the same Remedies A Remedy for the Mange You must begin the Cure of this Distemper with the Preparation of the Humour that causes it For you must never proceed to anoint your Horse's Body till you have remov'd the internal Cause of the Humor that is driven outwards by Nature lest by inclosing and concentrating the corrupt Humour in the Body the Entrails be heated and the Noble Parts vitiated Bleeding is almost always necessary in this Case to allay the Heat of the Blood and promote its Circulation Vegetius has very prudently order'd the chusing of fit Places for letting of Blood according to the Variety of Cases and the different Parts of the Body where the Humour is lodg'd Thus for Example if the Mange appear in the Head or Neck you must let your Horse blood in the Head if in the Shoulders Breast or fore Legs bleed him in the Brisket if the Back be infected in the Flanks and if the hinder Legs or Hips be mangy you must open a Vein in the Thighs But I cannot approve the Purgation appointed by the same Author for the Roots of wild Cucumbers or Elaterium which he prescribes to be mixt with Oats leaves
Skillet till it begin to thicken then add an Ounce and a half of Wormseed and about two Ounces of Aloes in Powder according to the Bigness of your Horse for you may give a Coach-Horse two Ounces and a half and if he be of a very large Size three Ounces Boil the Powders with the Honey till they be well incorporated and after the Mass is cold make it up into Pills anointing your Hands with Oil-Olive or of bitter Almonds if you can procure it keeping your Horse bridl'd six Hours before you give him the Pills and as long after The same Day give him a Clyster of two Quarts of Milk with a quarter of a Pound of Sugar and six Yolks of Eggs to entice the Worms to the Fundament Note That you must never mix any Oil or Fat with the Clysters that are given in this Case for they both drive away the Worms They who are loth to give themselves the Trouble of preparing these Pills may give their Horses one of the above-mention'd Purgatives especially that with Mercurius dulcis which will certainly answer their Expectation But I have often observ'd that these Pills have extirpated all the Worms out of a Horse's Body more effectually than any other Remedy whatsover The following Method is also of admirable Efficacy Boil three Quarts of Water in an Earthen Pot with half a Pound of running or crude Quick-silver and mix this Water with a Pailful of common Water for your Horse's ordinary Drink during the space of fifteen Days The same Mercury will serve all the while and remain as good after the fifteen Days are expir'd as it was at the first Boiling This Remedy was first propos'd by Van Helmont and I have seen it given to Children that were full of Worms for fifteen Days together with admirable Success 'T is not at all loathsome or troublesome to the Stomach for the Quick-silver changes neither the Colour Taste nor Smell of the Water I have seen an infinite Number of Cures perform'd by it and therefore I cou'd not forbear inserting it here for the Conveniency of the Poor who cannot make use of a cheaper Remedy Others put two or three Pounds of crude Quick-silver into the bottom of a Cask where they keep Water for the ordinary Drink of Horses that are troubl'd with Worms Another Remedy to kill Worms Give your Horse daily an Ounce of Filings of Steel which you may procure at very easie Rates from the Needle-Makers mixt with moisten'd Bran till he has eaten a whole Pound I will not here repeat what I have already said in order to explain the Reason why Steel destroys and expels Worms but it will not be improper to add that it opens all Obstructions in the Veins Arteries Intestins and especially in the Passages of the Lungs And 't is well known that if those Obstructions be neglected they may produce many dangerous and stubborn Distempers 'T is in my Opinion very convenient when Horses return from the Camp to put 'em into a Course of Steel observing the same Dose as before For it happens not unfrequently that they are troubl'd with Worms which hinder 'em from thriving tho' their Distemper by reason of the want of external Signs is generally unknown and consequently either neglected or ill cur'd But all these Inconveniencies may be prevented by the Use of Steel which is a cheap Remedy and safe in all Cases To secure and complete the Effect of the Steel you must afterwards purge your Horse for without Purgation you can never certainly promise the Cure of this Distemper A Powder that kills the Worms and expels the Matter of which they are generated Take Flowers of St. John's-Wort and lesser Centaury of each two Ounces Coral Seeds of Lettuce and Citrons and good Aloes of each half an Ounce Corallin Gentian Dittany Scammony prepar'd with the Vapours of Brimstone and Coloquintida of each one Dram Cinnamon and Coriander-seed of each an Ounce Cinnabar four Ounces Mix and make a Powder Give this Powder to your Horse in the Morning before you suffer him to eat The Dose is an Ounce and a half to large Horses and an Ounce to those of a smaller Size Afterwards inject a Clyster of Milk or Tripe-Broth to entice the Worms to the great Gut Repeat the Dose of this Powder seven or eight times either every Day or once in two Days Then purge your Horse and you may certainly expect a perfect Cure Another cheap Powder for the Worms Beat the Husks of green Walnuts and press out their Juice or after they are beaten infuse 'em in Water for the space of twenty four Hours pour the Juice or Water upon the Ground in moist cool and fat Places and immediately all the Worms that are under-ground will come forth Take a sufficient quantity of these Earth-Worms and put 'em into clean Water for they space of six Hours till they have vomited up all their Filth Then fill an Earthen Pot with 'em cover it close and set it in an Oven after the Bread is taken out till the Worms be so dry that they may be easily reduc'd to Powder You must give this Powder every Morning for seven or eight Days from one to two Ounces in a Quart of good Wine For there are some Horses who will not eat it with Bran or Oats tho' it wou'd doubtless produce the same Effect Since Purgation is so necessary for compleating the Cure I shall propose a Remedy that may be usefully given to a Fat Horse for all purging Medicines are hurtful to lean Horses Take good Treacle and Aloes of each an Ounce and a half Mercurius dulcis half an Ounce red Wine a Quart mix 'em carefully together and give the Medicine to your Horse This Remedy destroys all sorts of Worms and purges the Horse's Body of all manner of Impurities If you desire further Information on this Subject you may consult the Book entitl'd La Gloria del Cavallo del illustre Segnori Paschal Caracciollo where the Author treats with a great deal of Learning and Judgment of the Method of Curing all Distempers incident to Horses and Vegetius in his Treatise Artis Veterinariae sive Molomedicae Lib. 1. Cap. 44. has an excellent Discourse of the Cure of Horses besides several other Authors I have inserted nothing in this Chapter but what is grounded on my own Experience and I may venture to say without Vanity that you will hardly find a better Method any where else But since I cannot pretend to be Judge in my own Cause I thought fit to cite the best Authors who have handl'd this Subject that after a careful Perusal of 'em the Curious Reader may be enabl'd to judge of my Performance I have all along apply'd my self to the Study of Things rather than Words and as for those Admirers of a polish'd and florid Style I shall only beg Leave to put 'em in mind of the Sentence Magna pars Ignorantium ut ligno Naufragus verbis haeret
is an excellent Remedy to ripen Matter in any part of the Body where the Skin is broken and when the circumstances of the Disease require the Sore to be kept open You may apply either of these Remedies according to the greatness of the Swelling Vegetius in the Eighth Chapter of his Third Book where he treats of the Swelling of the Stones orders 'em to be anointed Morning and Evening with the Powder of Burnt-Barley mixt with Hog's-Grease adding that a Dog's-Gall is of admirable efficacy in this case These Remedies are cheap and safe but I cannot recommend 'em from my own Experience CHAP. CLXIV Of the Lask Looseness or Flux of the Belly THis Disease is so frequently Mortal I mean when it attacks Horses that it ought never to be neglected when it comes without a manifest Cause But a Horse may be seiz'd with a Looseness without any considerable Danger after the drinking of cold Water in Summer or of melted Snow and after the eating of tender Grass or other Aliments and Medicines that may be rather said to produce a good Effect by loosening the Horse's Belly and expelling part of the Impurities that are lodg'd in his Body But this is not the Disease treated of in this Chapter The Lask or Flux is caus'd by the Weakness of the Stomach that cannot digest the Nourishment which consequently passes thro' the Guts and is voided at the Fundament almost without any Alteration It proceeds also from the Corruption of the Humours that are either gather'd in the Stomach or flow thither from the neighbouring Parts and by disturbing Nature in the Performance of her important Work of Concoction provoke her to a vigorous Endeavour in order to their Expulsion These Humours are not always raw and cold for oftentimes the Guts are scowr'd by an Inundation of Choler which may be call'd a Natural Clyster This kind of Flux is rarely dangerous and even not unfrequently profitable It is an ill Sign when the Aliments are voided entire without the least Mark of Digestion For 't is absolutely impossible for Nature to repair her Losses and regain her wonted Vigour without fresh Supplies of Nourishment and 't is plain that she receives not any considerable Advantage from the Nourishment when it only passes thro' the Body without undergoing any Change Besides these Internal Causes this Distemper may be occasion'd by eating too much Provender in which Case it may be easily cur'd by diminishing the usual Allowance of Food Sometimes 't is caus'd by eating mouldy or rotten Hay frozen Grass and other unwholsome Nourishment as also by drinking very cold Water and by immoderate and fatiguing Exercise This Distemper may also proceed from want of Exercise drinking immediately after the eating of a great quantity of Oats excessive Fatness feeding on Rye Straw and an ill Disposition of the whole Body To discover the Nature of the Humour that causes and foments the Disease you must consider the Excrements that are voided for if they boil and ferment upon the Ground you may conclude that the Distemper proceeds from over-heated Choler if they be white 't is a Sign of Crudity if they be watery they denote a great Weakness of the Stomach A Remedy for the Flux If the Excrements be mixt with small Pieces or Scrapings of the Guts you have reason to fear an Ulcer in those Parts which usually proves fatal if the Danger be not speedily prevented by a seasonable Cooling of the Entrails which may be effected by the following Remedy Take Barley and the Roots of Marsh-Mallows beaten of each two Ounces Powder of Sal Prunellae an Ounce Boil 'em in three Quarts of Water to one Quart The Dose is a Pint two or three times a day This Decoction allays the Inflammation of the Entrails sweetens the Acrimony of the Humors reduces the Choler to its natural State and destroys the preternatural Heat that occasions the Fever If this Distemper be caus'd by Flegm you must strengthen the Stomach evacuate the redundant Humours and bind and strengthen the relax'd Parts These Indications require the Use of the Cordial-Powder or Pills the Electuary of Kermes Treacle and other hot Remedies that are endu'd with a Virtue to strengthen and corroborate the Parts The Cure of this kind of Flux is easier than in the other Cases The Looseness of the Belly or Flux is frequently an Effect of a vigorous struggle of Nature to throw off and expel a troublesome Load of Humours But if it continue longer than three Days and be attended with the Loss of Appetite it may produce dangerous Consequences for sometimes Horses are founder'd by the long Continuance of this Distemper Therefore you must endeavour to prevent the Danger by the seasonable Application of convenient Remedies and by keeping the Horse to a regular Diet. You must not suffer your Horse to eat Oats but feed him with Bran moisten'd with Claret if he have not too strong an Aversion against it Barley parch'd on a Peel at the Fire and then ground is very good in this Case and you must also chuse the best Hay To proceed to the Use of Remedies you may begin with this scowring Clyster A Scowring Clyster Take Wheat Bran well sifted and whole Barley of each two Handfuls red Roses a Handful true Opium slic'd small half a Dram Boil 'em in Whey or steel'd Water for the space of a quarter of an Hour then add the Leaves of wild Succory Agrimony Beets white Mullein and Mercury of each one Handful In two Quarts of the Decoction dissolve the Yolks of six Eggs Honey of Roses and brown Sugar of each four Ounces Mix and make a Clyster After this Clyster has scowr'd the Guts and expell'd part of the corrupt Matter that was lodg'd in 'em you may give your Horse two Ounces of Liver of Antimony in moisten'd Bran or half an Ounce of the Golden Sulphur of Antimony persisting in this Method for a considerable Time For these Medicines strengthen the Entrails allay the Ebullition or Fermentation of the Humours and contribute very effectually to the Cure of this Distemper This done you may inject the following Clyster A Cooling and Binding Clyster Take Knot-Grass or instead of that Shepherd's Purse and white Mullein of each one Handful Leaves of Plantane two Handfuls Flowers of wild Pomegranates half a Handful the Seeds of Myrtles Lettuce and Plantane of each two Ounces Beat the Seeds and boil 'em in three Quarts of Beer or Barley-Water with half a Dram of good Opium cut into thin slices then put in the Herbs and afterwards a Handful of dry'd Roses Add to the Straining half a Pound of Honey of Roses and four Ounces of Sugar of Roses Mix and make a Clyster to be administer'd after the usual Manner A Potion for the Flux If the Flux be not stopp'd or at least abated by the above-mention'd Preparations of Antimony after these two Clysters you must give the following Potion continuing to repeat the Clysters from time to
Ounces the middle Bark of an Ash-Tree fresh and green four Ounces good Honey a quarter of a Pound and half a Pound of the Leaven'd Dough of a Rye-Loaf ready to be put into the Oven Beat the Ash-Bark and incorporate it with the rest of the Ingredients without Heat to the Consistence of a Pultiss which must be apply'd cold to the Fundament and the Application renew'd every twelve Hours If you cannot procure the green Bark you may take the dry diminishing the Dose to two Ounces and beating it to Powder Galen's cooling Cerate Album Rhasis and some other Galenical Remedies may be sometimes useful in this Case but are inferiour to the other in Efficacy It happens not unfrequently that the Distemper continues obstinately after a fruitless Tryal of all these Applications In this Case assoon as the Inflammation and great Heat are remov'd you must cut off the part of the Fundament that hangs out with a sharp Knife heated red-hot to prevent a Flux of Blood Sometimes the Fundament shrinks into its Place if the Horse be suffer'd to rest about half an Hour But falls out again if you make him trot thirty Paces which is a Sign of a Fistula And therefore you must take hold of it when it falls out and tying a strong Packthread about it cut it quite off with a red-hot Knife You must afterwards anoint the Wound every Day with Album-Rhasis till the Escarfall and then rub the Flesh with Siccativum Rubrum Many Horses have been sav'd by this Method and several Farriers at Paris have perform'd the Cure by my Directions who never saw it attempted before tho' they are otherwise very skilful in their Profession and have seen Horses cur'd of Fistula's CHAP. CLXVII Of Strains Hurts and Blows on the Houghs STrains in the Houghs are very dangerous by reason of the extream Pain occasion'd by the contusion of the Nervous Parts The Horse's Body grows dry he becomes Lean and is afterwards troubl'd with so many grievous Distempers that he grows ugly and deform'd if not irrecoverably Lame The Causes are the same with those that occasion Strains in the Hips and there is no need of enumerating a multitude of Signs in so plain a case For the Hoof is swoll'n and when you touch it the Horse shrinks and complains Bleed your Horse in the Neck and charge the whole Hoof with his own Blood mixt with Brandy As soon as the Charge is dry lay some of the Ointment of Montpelier above it and about eight or ten Hours after chafe the Part with strong Brandy without taking away the Ointment washing it always with Brandy at the same Intervals after every Application of the Ointment You may afterwards endeavour to repel the Defluxion with Astringent Remedies such as you will find describ'd in several Parts of this Book especially the Astringent Baths mention'd in the preceding Chapter If the Swelling continue notwithstanding the use of these Remedies apply the Duke's Ointment with Brandy and afterwards convenient Fomentations renewing the Applications once a Day If the Swelling ripen or turn to an Abscess open it with a red-hot Iron and proceed as in the Cure of Simple Wounds For a slight Strain 't will be sufficient to anoint the Hoof with the Ointment of Montpelter and Brandy If the Swelling be occasion'd by a Blow from another Horse bleed your Horse Charge the griev'd place with his own Blood and then chafe it with Spirit of Wine or you may chuse some of the following Remedies at your pleasure For Blows on the Houghs and other parts of the Body The Tumours that are occasion'd by these and such like Accidents are not easily dissolv'd or asswag'd If the Humour congeal in those Nervous Parts it resists the Operation of the best Remedies and the Swelling degenerates into a Curb Spavin c. and therefore to prevent those Inconveniencies as soon as the Pain is taken away and only the Swelling remains bathe the Part and charge it with thick Lees of Red-Wine mixt with a third part of good Vinegar and besides you will find severaâ— Remedies for those Swellings in the Sixtieth and following Chapters If the Tumour be inveterate and cannot be dissolv'd by these Applications you may apply the following Remedy which is very effectual A Remedy for a Swelling caus'd by a Blow Mix a Pound of Flower of Linseed with a sufficient quantity of Wine till it be reduc'd to the thickness of Broth boil it over a clear Fire stirring it about without intermission When it begins to thicken add four Ounces of common Turpentine and when that is well incorporated with the Broth put in six Ounces of melted Burgundy-Pitch Then remove the Vessel from the Fire continuing to stir the Composition till you can venture to put your Finger into it after which you must immediately apply it to the place with Flax and a Bandage and repeat the Application once in twenty four Hours If the Swelling be accompany'd with a violent Pain or if the Horse be very Lame you must endeavour to allay the Pain by the Application of the Duke's Ointment or for want of that of the preceding Remedy prepar'd with Milk instead of Wine For the Milk is Anodyne and asswages Pain but is not endu'd with the resolving Faculty of Wine and therefore as soon as the Horse ceases to Halt you must again prepare the Remedy with Wine to take away the Swelling If these Remedies be not attended with the desir'd Success you may have recourse to the Bath mention'd in Chap. LXV or to those that are describ'd in the preceding Chapter to which last you may add some of the Herbs that enter'd the Composition of the former Sometimes these Tumours degenerate into Curbs Spavins or Hough-Boney's which are sometimes cur'd by giving the Fire As soon as a Horse has receiv'd a Blow in his Body with another Horse's Foot bleed him in the Neck and bathe the place with Spirit of Wine five or six times every Day or which is more effectual anoint it with the Ointment of Montpelier and eight Hours after chafe it with Brandy repeating the Application once a Day In these cases I usually apply with very good Success the Crease of a Capon Badger or Bear anointing the Part every Day till the Swelling be dissolv'd Another Remedy for a Swelling occasion'd by a Blow or Stroke with another Horse's Foot Beat the Whites of twelve or thirteen Eggs with a large piece of Allom till they be reduc'd to a thick Froth then mix 'em with a Quart of strong Brandy a Pint of Vinegar and two Litrons of Flower incorporating 'em well without Heat Charge the place with this Mixture renewing the Application every two Hours till the Swelling be abated which usually happens in twenty four Hours Another Remedy to asswage a Swelling caus'd by a Stroke Make a thin Paste of Potter's-Clay mixt with a sufficient quantity of Vinegar boil and stir it till it thicken Then remove it from the Fire
these Humours is more subtil and penetrating the Nerves obstructs their Motion and occasions Pain whereas the Humour from whence this Distemper proceeds takes its Course thro' ways unknown to us without causing those Disturbances that are observ'd in the other Case And perhaps I may venture to say that the Cause is the same tho' the Effects be different according to the various degrees of the Acrimony of the Salt of which these Spirits are full In order to the Cure of this Distemper you must endeavour by all means to strengthen the Sole about the Toe for Nature may perhaps in time dissolve the Crescent And to assist her in the Execution of that Work 't will be convenient to pour a sufficient quantity of the finest Oil of Bay into the Foot without paring it or cutting the Sole after which you must stop the Foot with Flax and lay Splents over all At the same time anoint the Cronet especially about the Toe with the same Oil covering it with Flax and a convenient Bandage Note That the Oil must be apply'd cold to the Cronet and pour'd boiling-hot into the Foot After you have contiunu'd for some time in the Use of this Method without any considerable Sign of Amendment if the the Horse be still very lean you must take out the Sole and if you find the point of the Bone of the Foot separated from the Hoof with an empty Space between 'em you must burn all that part of the Bone that seems to be separated both above and below to hasten its falling away Then apply Aegyptiacum to the burnt Bone and charge the whole Sole with a Mixture of Turpentine Honey and Tarr melted together Continue to dress the Bone with Aegyptiacum or Schmit's Ointment till it fall out after which dress the part of the Bone from which the Piece that fell away was separated with Monsieur Curty's Ointment apply'd cold or only with Flax dipt in Brandy renewing the Application every two Days which will make the Flesh grow again and cover the Bone After which the Sole will grow again also To promote the Growth of the Sole and make it firm and vigorous you may observe the Directions in the LXXXIXth Chapter Concerning the Method of taking out the Sole Assoon as you perceive that the Sole is grown strong you may begin to walk your Horse on soft Ground and by degrees accustom him to travel If by looking into the Foot you perceive that the Crescent is not great and have reason to conclude that the Disease is not very dangerous you ought not to take out the Sole without Necessity but rather endeavour to strengthen it by pouring boiling Oil of Bay into the Foot as I order'd before and continuing after the same manner till the Cure be compleated This may be justly reckon'd a dangerous Distemper the Cure is long and difficult and very frequently the Horse continues lame for the space of a Year and longer Several Farriers confound this Infirmity with Surbating and other Diseases in the Feet But the Easiness of the Cure in these Cases ought to convince 'em of their Errour The END of the FIRST PART A TABLE OF THE DISEASES A. ANticor page 212 Appetite lost 8 12 Arrests 287 Attaint 109 B. BAck swoll'n or hurt 173 Sway'd 261 Barbs 6 Biting of a mad Dog 179. Of a venomous Beast 181 Bleeding 54 167 Bleymes 153 Bones broken 85 Bots. 257 Breath short 181 Burstenness 266 C. Chest-Foundering 197 Chops 289 Clefts ibid. Cods swoll'n 265 Cold 22. with a Cough 23. with a Beating in the Flank 24 Colic 59. First Kind 60. Second 62. Third 64. Fourth 66. Fifth 69. Sixth 74 Cough 192 195 Cramp 277 Crepances 297 Cronet swoll'n 150 Crown-Scab 155 Curb 283 D. DIseases of Horses in general 1 Biting of a mad Dog 179 E. EYes their Diseases 42. Rheums 44. Blows or Stroaks 46. White Films 48. Lunatic or Moon-Eyes 49. Haw 51 F. FArcin 224 227 229 230 231 234 235 236 237 238. How to fatten a Horse 209 Feet surbated Feet 125. decay'd and wasted 158 Fevers 216. Simple 217 219. Putrid 217 220. Pestilential 217 221. Causes and Signs 218 Fiery-Evil 39 Figs. 134 Fire how to give 283 Flanks 185 186 Flux 268 270 Foundering 247. In the Feet 252 Fret see Colic Frush scabbed 154. Fleshy Excrescencies 156 Fundament fall'n down 271 G. GAngrene 166 Glanders 28 31 33 35 Gripes see Colic H. HAemorrhagy 54 Hair falling off 242 Halter-cast 296 Head its Diseases 37 38 40 Heels narrow 130. scabbed 154 Hide-bound 207 Hips strain'd 78. Hipshot 263 Hoof-cast 151 Houghs strain'd hurt or swoll'n 272 Hough bony 277 Hungry-Evil 297 I. JArdon 280 Impostume in the Feet 149 Itch. 253 Blood-running Itch. 241 K. KErnels to ripen 22 To dissolve 32 L. LAmpas 6 Lask or Looseness 268 Leanness 207 Legs broken 85. Stiff tyr'd decay'd 86 106. Swell'd gourdy 87 89. Old Swellings 91. Stiff and tyr'd 93. Spoil'd by travelling 94. Sores and Swellings in the Legs 287 291 Lungs obstructed 199 M. MAdness 179 Malenders 95 Mange 157 242 253. In the Tail 257 Molten Grease 243 Morfounding 22 Mules 288 N. NUmness of the Hoof. 298 O. OVer-Reach 109 P. PAins 289 Palpitation of the Heart 214 Palsie in Jaw 56 Pastern-Joint strain'd or dislocated 103. Swell'd or gourded 107 Hurt or wounded 177 Pissing of Blood 72 Pricks in the Foot 137 139 Pursiveness 181 185 187 189 190 Q. QUarter false 127 Quitter-Bone 116 118 R. RAt-Tails 287 Retreats 137 Rheum 22 Ring-Bone 121 Rupture 266 S. SCab 253 Scratches 110. Simple ibid. Sinewy 111 Selenders 95 Shoulder-wrench Shoulder-pight or Shoulder-splait 76. Strain'd or hurt 77 78 80 83 Signs of Sickness in Horses 5 Sinew-sprain 106. Relax'd or strain'd 273 275. Sole to take out 131 Spanish Evil. 40 Blood-Spavin 282 Bone-Spavin 281 Splents 95 98 Stag's Evil. 56 Stavers 75 Stones drawn into the Body 73. Swoll'n 265. Bruis'd or hard 266 Strangles 15 19 False Strangles 20 String-halt 281 Stubs in the Foot 137 139 Surbating 125 T. TIck 6 Truncheons 257 U. VEin to take up 294 Vives 57 Urine to provoke 68. To stop 71 W. WArts 288 289 Wind short or broken 181 Wind-Galls 98 100 278 Withers wrung or hurt 167 Wolves Teeth 7 Worms 67 257 259 Wounds 159 Y. YEllows 37 AN INDEX OF THE PRINCIPAL REMEDIES Describ'd in this PART A. ALoes prepar'd 53 Golden Sulphur of Antimony 208 Arman for a sick Horse 10 B. BUrning Balsam 16 Chewing-Balls 11 Cordial-Balls 25 Green Balsam 146 Basilicum 148 C. CAtholicum for Clysters 224 Liquid Caustic 114 Perpetual Caustic 292 Clysters 24 55 59 63 69 204 215 216 219 221 269 270. Crocus Metallorum 202 Crystal Mineral 241 D. DEcoction of China 236 Decoction of Guaiacum ibid. Lieutenant's Decoction 201 Decoction of Sarsaparilla 237 E. FLectuary of Kermes 17 Emetic Wine 36 Essence of Vipers 61 Eye-Waters 44 45 F. FEbrifuge 220 H. HOney-Charge Red. 81 White Honey-Charge 293 L. LApis Infernalis 292 Lapis Mirabilis 47 Lime-Water 165 M. MErcurius dulcis 233 O. OIl for Clysters 63 Oil of Gabian 145 Oil of Lead 50 Oil de Merveille 145 Purging Oil. 65 Oil of Rue 213 Ointment Aegyptiacum 163 Ointment Baron's 78 Ointment Bartholomew ' s. 148 Ointment Basilicum 16 Ointment of Beetles 98 Ointment Coachman 's 291 Ointment Connestable ' s. 124 Ointment Countess's 150 Ointment Curtis ' s. 147 Ointment Doctor 's 118 Ointment Duke's 90 Ointment Hermit's 165 Ointment Hunter's 175 Ointment Mercurial 294 Ointment of Montpelier 78 Ointment of Naples 231 Ointment Neat-herd's 256 Duke of Newburg 's Ointment 278 Nerve-Ointment 106 Ointment of Oldenburg 291 Ointment Oppodeldoc 83 Ointment of Plantane 124 Ointment of Portugal 230 Schimt 's Ointment 152 Ointment Sicar ' s. 147 Ointment of Worms 99 Orvietan 60 P. PIlls for the Stomach 12 Cinnabar Pills 162 English Pills 197 Stinking Pills 245 Treacle Pills 25 Yellow Pills 190 Plaister of Walnuts 108 Angelic Powder 189 Uuniversal Cordial Powder 24 Cordial Powders 27 Powder for a Cough 193 German Ptisan 235 Purging Medicines 41 52 65 67 213 254 259. R. REmolade of Bohemia 104 Retoirs 102 Rue-water 50 S. SAl Polychrest 205 Sal Prunellae 241 Scammony prepar'd 42 Second Water Sublimate 233 T. TIncture of Sulphur 191 Treacle Diatessaron 72 U. VUlnerary Water 170 Vulnerary Potions 175 Y. YEllow Water 165 FINIS